Bio-Rad 680 Service Manual PDF

Life Science Group
Model 680 and 680 XR

Microplate Reader
Service Manual
Part Number 100-2414 Revision E

PROPRIETARY NOTICE
Information contained in this manual is copyrighted by Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. None of the contents may be
reproduced in full or in part by any person without the prior written approval of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. This
manual is intended to provide information to assist the qualified field or instrument service technician to repair,
maintain, and order replace parts for the instrument supplied. Every reasonable effort has been made to keep
the information in this manual current and accurate as of the date of publication or revision. However, no guar-
antee is given or implied that the manual is error-free or accurate about any specification.
Copyright 2002-2006 by Bio-Rad Laboratories, Incorporated. All rights reserved.

Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc, Life Science Group
2000 Alfred Nobel Drive
Hercules, California 94547
Telephone: 1-800-424-6723
100-2414E 02/06 i
About this manual This document is part of Life Science Group’s commitment to provide
you, the service professional, with adequate information to effectively
support Bio-Rad instruments. Additional copies of this service document
may be ordered using part number 100-2414.
We welcome and appreciate any suggestions you may have to improve

our service documentation. Please address your comments or sugges-
tions to:
Technical Editor, Global Service Support Dept.
Bio-Rad Laboratories, Life Science Group
2000 Alfred Nobel Drive
Hercules, CA 94547
FAX Number: 510 741-5802
ii 100-2414E 02/06
Revision Control List
Document: Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate Reader Service Manual

Part Number: 100-2414
Date of Latest Revision: February 2006
Each page of this manual has the catalog number, revision level and revision date for that page. Subsequent
revisions to a page will be indicated by changes to the revision level and revision date for that page. A sum-
mary of changes for all revisions is listed in the following table.
Page Changed
Revision Description Date
Number By
A - Initial Release A. Gandy Feb. 2002
B 4-11 to 4-12 Updated Checkmark Plate procedure A. Gandy June 2002
5-1 to 5-4 Added optics cleaning procedure
6-1 to 6-25 Added part numbers to sections; Updated Figure 6-9
6-16 Added check of plate position
7-1 to 7-2 Added Checkmark Plate; Updated Figure 7-3
7-4 Added Section “AdjustingPlate Carrier Belt Tension”
7-6 Added Section “Alignment of Plate Carrier”
8-5 Added Table 8-4 “Checkmark Plate Failures”
C Sec 1 thru 10 Manual Updated to Add Model 680XR A. Gandy Mar 2004
5-1 Added Note
6-3 Added 6.3.3 Model 680 XR Lamp
6-12 Added Table 6-1
6-15 to 6-16 Added 6.3.11 Model 680 XR Lamp Control PCB
6-22 Added 6.3.17 Model 680 XR Light Balancing Filter
7-8 Added Table 2 Firmware History
8-1 Updated Table 8-1
9-3 to 9-11 Updated parts information
App D Added Appendix D
D 6-12 Added Backlit LCD to Table 6-1 A. Gandy Sept 2005
7-6 Updated to reference Section 7.7
7-9 Updated Firmware Table 7-2 and added 7.6.3
7-10 to 7-11 Added Section 7.7 QC Software
9-5 to 9-11 Updated parts
E 7-8 to 7-9 Updated Firmware version 1.71; Table 7-2 update A. Gandy Feb 2006
7-11 to 7-15 Updated 7.6.4 Firmware Downloading
7-17 Added Section 7-8 External Printer Setup
8-1 Updated troubleshooting printer
9-11 Added Shield Cover
100-2414E 02/06 iii

Table of Contents
Section 1 Introduction
1.1 General Inforation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.2 Service Philosophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.3 Safety and Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.4 Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Section 2 System Overview

2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
2.2 Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
2.3 Product Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
2.4 Regulatory Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
2.5 Product Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
2.5.1 Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
2.5.2 Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
2.5.3 Memory Backup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
2.5.4 Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
2.5.5 RS-232 Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
2.6 Instrument Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
2.6.1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
2.6.2 Optical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
2.6.3 Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
2.6.4 Thermal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
2.6.5 Electrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
2.6.6 Physical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Section 3 Installation
3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3.2 Visual check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3.3 Installation Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
3.4 Install Paper Roll (Optional Internal Printer) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
3.5 Computer Interface (Optional). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Section 4 System Checkout

4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
4.2 Tools and Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
4.3 Summary of Tests and Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
4.4 System Checkout Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
4.4.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
4.4.2 Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
4.4.3 Preparing Yellow Dye Test Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Table of Contents
4.4.4 Startup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.4.5 Touch Pad/Mixing Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
4.4.6 Verify Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
4.4.7 Start Microplate Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
4.4.8 Air Read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
4.4.9 Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
4.4.10 Channel-to-Channel Variation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8
4.4.11 Stability and Drift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
4.4.12 Verify Incubator Temperature (Optional) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
4.5 Checkmark Validation Program (Optional Method) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
4.5.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
4.5.2 Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
Section 5 Preventative Maintenance

5.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
5.2 Tools and materials
5.3 Preventative Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
5.3.1 Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
5.3.2 Inspection of Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
5.3.3 Perform System Checkout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Section 6 Removal and Replacement

6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
6.3 Removal and Replacement Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
6.3.1 Interference Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
6.3.2 Model 680 Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
6.3.3 Model 680 XR Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
6.3.4 Top Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
6.3.5 Printer Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5
6.3.6 Keypad Membrane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
6.3.7 Inlet Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
6.3.8 Plate Carrier Assembly and Analog Board (#282) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9
6.3.9 CPU Board (#281) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12
6.3.10 Incubator Control Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
6.3.11 Model 680 XR Lamp Control PCB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15
6.3.12 Power Supply, 12 Volt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17
6.3.13 Power Supply, 24 Volt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18
6.3.14 Photo Sensor (Analog Board) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19
Table of Contents
6.3.15 Photo Sensor (Filter Wheel) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20

6.3.16 Model 680 Light Balancing Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-21
6.3.17 Model 680 XR Light Balancing Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-22
6.3.18 Plate Carrier Motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-23
6.3.19 Optical Fiber Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25
6.3.20 Filter Wheel/Filter Wheel Motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27
6.3.21 Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-28
6.3.22 Lithium Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-29
Section 7 Adjustment and Calibration

7.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
7.3 Electronics Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
7.3.1 Setting of Jumper on the CPU Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
7.3.2 Setting of Jumpers on the Printer Control Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
7.3.3 Incubator Electronics Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
7.4 Adjusting Plate Carrier Belt Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
7.5 Plate Carrier Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6
7.5.1 Checking of Plate Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6
7.5.2 Adjusting Plate Alignment - Y Direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
7.5.3 Adjusting Plate Alignment - X Direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7
7.6 Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8
7.6.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-8
7.6.2 Firmware History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9
7.6.3 Integration of English and Chinese Firmware Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-10
7.6.4 Downloading Firmware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11
7.7 QC Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-16
7.7.1 Entering QC Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-16
7.7.2 Monitor Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-16
7.7.3 Plate Positioning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-17
7.8 External Printer Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-17
Section 8 Troubleshooting
8.1 About this Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
8.2 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Table 8-1 General Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Table 8-2 Error Codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
Table 8-3 Firmware Downloading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
Table of Contents
Section 9 Parts Information

9.1 About this Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
9.2 Parts Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
9.2.1 US Domestic Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
9.2.2 International Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
9.3 Returning Defective Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
9.3.1 US Domestic Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
9.3.2 International Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
9.4 Service Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3
Table 9-1 Replaceable Parts for the Model 680 Microplate Reader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3
Table 9-2 Consumables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-11
9.5 Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-12
Table 9-3 Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-12
9.6 Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-13
Table 9-4 Special Service Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-13
9.7 Manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-14
Table 9-5 Manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-14
Section 10 Drawings
10.1 About this Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
10.2 Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
Block Diagram
Wiring Diagram
Appendix
Appendix A Model 680 System Checkout Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
Appendix B Model 680 XR System Checkout Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Appendix C Checkmark Check Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
Appendix D Error Flow Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
Introduction
Section 1
Introduction
1.1 General Information

This manual is the reference to be used for troubleshooting, repair, and maintenance of the Model 680 and
Model 680 XR Microplate Readers. It is intended to be used by trained technicians and engineers familiar with
safety precautions relative to working with instrumentation. The procedures in this manual assume that the
reader is familiar with the operation of the Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate Readers. Complete operating
instructions are contained in the Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate Reader instruction manual. Information
presented in the instruction manual is not repeated in this Service Manual unless there is a compelling reason
to do so.
1.2 Service Philosophy

This manual is designed to support mail in products. Regional service centers are the first level of service,
where faulty assemblies can be most effectively repaired at a central repair facility. The second level of service
is performed at our factory instrument service facility in Richmond, California, where additional service proce-
dures requiring resources not available at regional service centers are performed.
1.3 Safety and Precautions

The Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate Reader contains the following Hazards:
• Hazardous voltages
• Thermally hot components
The following should be observed when servicing this unit:

• When power is required, the unit should be plugged into an outlet with a properly grounded receptacle.
The use of 2-prong plug adapters is not recommended and will void the safety certification of this
product.
• The use of extension cords may compromise the safety of the operator and is not recommended.
• Ensure that fuses installed in the unit are of the correct rating.
• Ensure that none of the ventilation openings in the unit are blocked. Excessive heat buildup in the unit
may cause failures.
Bio-Rad is not responsible for any injury or damage caused by the use of this instrument for purposes other
than for which it is intended or by modifications of the instrument not performed by Bio-Rad or an authorized
agent.
1.4 Conventions
The following conventions are used throughout this manual.:
• Left and right sides of the unit are as viewed from the front, operator’s position, unless otherwise stated.
• Dimensions are in millimeters, unless otherwise stated.
100-2414C 03/04 1-1

System Overview
Section 2
System Overview
2.1 Introduction
The Model 680 and Model 680 XR Microplate Readers are an eight-channel, vertical pathlength photometer
that measures absorbance of the contents of 96 well mictotitration plates. They can perform single or dual
wavelength measurements, and can report absorbance values to three decimal places.
The Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate Readers can be programed by entering commands through the keypad
to define plate reading conditions and data analysis conditions as a protocol data, and select report types. A
printed report is produced by an optional on-board thermal printer or external printer. An optional incubator is
also available.
The Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate Readers feature a built-in RS-232C serial interface device for conve-
nient computer interfacing. The Microplate Manager software for personal computers offers a complete analy-
sis program. Microplate Manager supports Windows 95, Windows NT and Windows 2000.
Microplate Manager Version 5.2.1 added support for the Model 680XR reader.
2.2 Product Description
Figure 1: Model 680/680 XR Microplate Reader
The following items are included with the Model 680/680 XR Microplate Reader system:
• Microplate Reader with 415 nm, 450 nm, 490 nm and 655 nm interference filters installed
• Power Cord
• Spare Fuse
• Dust Cover
• Instruction Manual
• Warranty Card
100-2414C 03/04 2-1

System Overview
2.3 Product Configurations

The Model 680 Microplate Reader is available in four configurations.
Table 1: Product Configurations

Catalog Number Description
168-1000 Model 680 Microplate Reader

No Temperature Control and No Internal Printer

With Temperature Control and No Internal Printer

No Temperature Control and With Internal Printer

With Temperature Control and With Internal Printer
168-1100 Model 680 XR Microplate Reader

No Temperature Control and No Internal Printer
168-1101 Model 680 XR Microplate Reader

With Temperature Control and With Internal Printer
2.4 Regulatory Notices

This instrument is designed to meet Class A emissions and immunity levels of EN61326 product family stan-
dard for CE mark. This rating requires that it only be used in a laboratory environment.
This instrument is designed and certified to meet EN61010 requirements which are internationally accepted
electrical safety standards. Certified products are safe to use when operated in accordance with the Instruction
Manual. This instrument should not be modified or altered in any way. Alteration of this instrument will result in
voiding of the manufacturers warranty, void regulatory certification and create a potential safety hazard.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for Class A digital device, pursuant to Part
15 of FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide a reasonable protection against harmful interference
when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, and can radiate
radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the Instruction Manual, may cause
harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of equipment in a residential area is likely to cause
harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at their expense.
2-2 100-2414C 03/04

System Overview
2.5 Product Overview
2.5.1 Calculations
The Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate Readers uses Beer’s Law to calculate the absorbance value of each
well. Beer’s Law states that absorbance is equal to the Log10 of the ratio on the baseline measurement
intensity (Io) to the Sample measurement intensity (I).
Beer’s Law: Absorbance = Log10 (Io/I)
Before measuring the plate, the reader takes a reading for all eight photodiode channels. These values are
recorded as the baseline measurement (Io) values for each channel, respectively. The reader then records
the sample measurement (I) value for each well, and calculates the absorbance using these values. Chan-
nel-to-channel error is significantly reduced because the Io value for a given channel is used only in deter-
mining the absorbance of the wells of that channel.
2.5.2 Limits
The Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate Readers display absorbance readings with absolute values up to
3.500. Absolute values greater than 3.500 are “out of range” and are displayed as either “*.***” or “-*.***”.
2.5.3 Memory Backup

The battery backup provides memory even after the reader is turned off. The following information will be
saved in memory until new reading parameters are set by the user or a new plate is read by the instrument.
Note: If reading a new plate is aborted before it is finished, all the previous plate reading date will remain in
memory and none of the new data from the new plate is retained.
1. 10 latest plate reading data for End point protocol

2. 2 latest sets of Kinetic plate reading data (maximum 30 series of readings for each Kinetic)
3. End Point and kinetic protocol data
4. A set of Checkmark protocol data and the latest set of Checkmark read data
5. 8 wavelength values for filters
6. Laboratory name
7. 2 security passwords (Administrator and Common user)
The first time the instrument is turned on, or after a battery replacement, the following default information will
hold in memory:
1. Both Administrator and Common user security password are set to “00000”
2. Laboratory name is “Bio-Rad Laboratories”
3. All wavelength values of the filters are set to “---” nm
4. The date and time of the calendar chip are set to 1 day, 1 month, 00 year, 0 hour and 0 minutes
5. None of the plate reading data is available
6. End Point protocol is chosen and the protocol number is set to #1
100-2414C 03/04 2-3

System Overview
2.5.4 Reports
Eight types of reports for End Point protocol can be generated by the Model 680 Microplate Reader:
1. Raw Data Report
2. Absorbance report
3. Limit Report
4. Matrix Report
5. Cut Off report
6. Curve Fit Report
7. Concentration Report
8. Difference report
2.5.5 RS-232 Interface

The Model 680 Microplate Reader has a built-in RS232C interface (9 pin D-sub connector). This allows
external computers to control the instrument. When an external computer is in control of the microplate
reader, the printer and the keypad keys (except “Start/Stop”) are automatically deactivated and the display
will indicate “Remote Mode”.
The reader will remain in the remote control mode until it receives “RL” command from the host computer or
until the “Start/Stop” key is pressed.
RS-232 communication parameters are as follows:
Signals: TDX: Transmit Data

RXD: Receive Data
DTR: Data Terminal Ready
DSR: Data Set Ready
CTS: Clear to Send
RTS: Ready to Send
Transmission: Baud Rate 9600, Data Width 8, Stop Width 1, Parity None
Data: ASCII (no distinction between upper and lower case)
Signal Assignment:
Host Computer Model 680 Reader

9 Pin D-sub 9 Pin D-sub
Receive Data 2 ------------------------ 3 Transmit Data
Transmit Data 3 ------------------------ 2 Receive Data
Data Terminal Ready 4 ------------------------ 6 Data Set Ready
Signal Ground 5 ------------------------ 5 Signal Ground
Data Set Ready 6 ------------------------ 4 Data Terminal Ready
Request to Send 7 ------------------------ 8 Clear to Send
Clear to Send 8 ------------------------ 7 Request to Send
2-4 100-2414C 03/04

System Overview
2.6 Instrument Specifications

The Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate Reader specifications are as follows:
2.6.1 Features
• Operating Panel: Membrane pad with 4 arrow keys, 7 function keys and 11 numeral keys
• Display: LCD, 4 Lines x 20 Alphabet Characters
• Computer Interface: Bi-directional RS-232C serial communication port, 9 pin D-sub receptacle
• External Printer Port (only when internal printer option is not installed): Centronics interface with ASCII
character code; 25 pin D-sub receptacle; 80 characters output per line
• Report Types: Raw, absorbance, matrix, limit, cutoff, concentration, curve fit, difference, kinetic
• Applicable Plates: Standard 96 well microtitre plate of polystyrene - flat, “U”, “V” rigid bottom
• Mixing: 3 speeds (low, medium, high); Programmable time period 0-999 seconds
• Warm-up Time: 3 minutes
2.6.2 Optical
• Photometric Methods: Single and dual wavelength
• Photo detectors: 8 silicon diodes for measurement and 1 silicon photodiode for reference
• Light Source: Tungsten halogen lamp, 20 Watts with 3000 hours average lifetime
• Model 680 Spectral Range: 400 nm to 750 nm
• Model 680 XR Spectral Range: 340 nm to 800 nm
• Interference Filters: Wavelength Tolerance +/- 3 nm; Band Width: 10 nm typical
• Filter Capacity: 8 filters
• Model 680 Standard Filters: 415, 450, 490, 655 nm
• Model 680 XR Standard Filters: 340, 405, 415, 655 nm
• Optional Filters: 340 through 800 nm (in 5 nm increments)
• Fast Reading Speed: 6 seconds with single wavelength reading; 10 seconds with dual wavelength
reading
• Standard Reading Speed: 15 seconds with single wavelength reading; 30 seconds with dual wave-
length reading
• Indication Range: 0.000 to 3.5 OD
2.6.3 Performance
• Resolution: 0.001 OD
• Accuracy: +/- 1.0% (or 0.010 from 0 to 3.0 OD at 490 nm)
• Linearity: +/- 1.0% (from 0 to 2.0 OD); +/- 2.0% (from 2.0 to 3.0 OD)
• Reproducibility: 1.0% (or 0.005 from 0 to 2.0 OD); 1.5% (from 2.0 to 3.0 OD)
• Inter-Channel Variation: 1.5% (or 0.005 from 0 to 3.0 OD)
• Stability and Drift: 0.010 OD at OD=1 with single wavelength reading
100-2414C 03/04 2-5

System Overview
2.6.4 Thermal
• Incubator (Optional): Temperature Set Point: 25oC to 45oC (at least 5oC above ambient)
Set Point Accuracy: +/- 0.5oC (set point = 37oC and room temperature = 25oC)
Well-to-Well Uniformity: 0.5oC (set point = 37oC and room temperature = 25oC)
Warm-up Time: 5 minutes (set point = 37oC and room temperature = 25oC)
2.6.5 Electrical
• Line Voltage: Universal Input: 100-120 VAC, 200-240 VAC, 50/60 Hz
• Fuse: T3.15 Amp, 250 Volts, 20mm x 5mm
• Power Consumption: 100 VA maximum
• Battery: Lithium, CR2032, 3 Volts; average lifetime 5 years
2.6.6 Physical
• Dimensions: 340 x 330 x 152 mm
• Weight: 5.5 kg
• Operating Environment: 5oC to 35oC, 0 to 95% RH, non condensing
• Storage Environment: -20oC to 50oC, 0 to 95% RH, non condensing
2-6 100-2414C 03/04

Installation
Section 3
Installation
3.1 Introduction
The Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate Readers are easy to install. Prior to installation, verify that all system
components have been received.
3.2 Visual Check

1. Check this instrument for any signs of damage which may have occurred during shipping.
2. Check the filters: Open the rear cover by pushing the release latch on the top. Check that the filters
are installed into the proper positions per Table 1:
Table 1 - Filter Installation
Filter Position Model 680 Model 680XR

1 415 nm 340 nm
2 450 nm 405 nm
3 490 nm 415 nm
4 655 nm 655 nm
5 User User
6 User User
7 User User
8 User User
3. Check to insure filters are properly seated (Figure 1).
Figure 1: Filter Check
100-2414C 03/04 3-1

Installation
3.3 Installation Procedure

1. Place the instrument on a clean, sturdy table or bench. It is important to keep the instrument in a
clean, relatively dust free environment to ensure maximum performance.
2. Connect the power cord to the connection on the back if the instrument.
3. Turn ON the power switch on the rear panel. The LCD will display the version number of the on board
firmware. After about three seconds, the instrument will perform a self test diagnosis that takes about
fifteen seconds.
4. When prompted by the Log In screen, enter the password (password = 00000). Press Enter.
5. Allow three minutes for the instrument to warm up prior to reading plates.
3.4 Install Paper Roll (Optional Internal Printer)

1. Open the rear cover by pushing the release latch on the top.
2. Tear off a small piece of paper to form a diagonal “point” on the end of the paper roll.
3. Place the paper roll in the holder positioned below the printer and orient the roll so that it will feed
from the bottom (Figure 2).
Figure 2: Orientation of Paper Roll
4. While pressing the Paper Feed key, direct the pointed end of the paper into the paper feed slot in the
underside of the printer until the printer grabs the paper and feeds it through the slot in the top of the
instrument.
3-2 100-2414C 03/04

Installation
3.5 Computer Interface (Optional)

1. Some customers may utilize the system with a computer and microplate software such as Microplate
Manager (or Checkmark).
2. Set up computer as required and install software.
3. Install serial cable from computer to Model 680 oe 680 XR.
4. Turn on instrument, enter password.
5. Verify communication with instrument using Microplate Manager.
Note: Microplate Manager version 5.2.1 is required for Model 680XR support.
100-2414C 03/04 3-3

System Checkout
Section 4
System Checkout
4.1 Introduction
This section provides the system checkout procedure for the Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate Reader. Suc-
cessful completion of the tests in this section represent the Operational Qualification of the instrument. A Sys-
tem Checkout Report is available in Appendix A and B.
The system checkout procedures for the Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate Readers require the use of a
remote computer using Microplate Manager software.
The Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate Reader contains an on board checkout procedure, Checkmark Valida-
tion Program, which requires the use of a special Checkmark test plate.
4.2 Tools and Materials

• Microplate Manager Software, 170-9520
• RS-232 Cable, 931-0184
• Printer
• Digital Temperature Multi-meter with 0.1 mm diameter bead type K thermoprobe (minimum +/- 0.5 ° C
temperature meter accuracy)
• 96 Well Microtitre Plate, Flat Bottom, 224-0096
• Micro Pipette, 50µL
• Pipette Tips
• 50 ml beaker
• Acid Yellow 99, Fisher AC19178-100
• Distilled Water
• Tween 20, 170-6531
• Checkmark Reader Performance Check Plate, 170-6940 (Optional)
100-2414C 03/04 4-1

System Checkout
4.3 Summary of Tests and Specifications

The following is a summary of the tests and specifications for the Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate Readers.
Table 1: Summary of Tests and Specifications
Test Parameter Specification

Firmware Firmware Version Record Version
Instrument Function Keypad and Display Proper Function
Internal Printer (optional feature) Proper Function
Startup and Self Diagnosis Proper Function
RS-232 Communication Proper Communication
Mixing Feature Proper Function
Incubator Set Point 37 ° C (optional feature) 37 ° C +/- 0.5 ° C
System Checkout Air Read < 0.005 OD
Accuracy CV < 5%
Channel-to-Channel CV < 5%
Stability and Drift < 0.010 OD
4-2 100-2414C 03/04

System Checkout
4.4 System Checkout Procedure
4.4.1 General
1. All system checkout procedures in this section will be performed with Microplate Manager via PC
computer.
2. The Checkmark Validation Program, if available, may be used for system checkout as an alternate
method (paragraph 4.5).
4.4.2 Setup
1. Setup computer.
2. Install Microplate Manager.
3. Install HPK protection key.
4. Connect RS-232 cable from computer to reader.
4.4.3 Preparing Yellow Dye Test Plate

1. System checkout requires the preparation of a yellow dye pipetted into a microtitre plate. Pipetting
must be of extreme accuracy as the Model 680 reader is sensitive enough to detect pipetting errors.
2. Prepare the yellow dye as follows:
Mix: 2 mg Acid Yellow 99

50 ml Distilled Water
0.01 ml Tween 20
3. Pipette 200 microliters yellow dye into each well of the microtitre plate (96 total).
4. The value of the prepared test plate is 0.424 - 0.444 OD.
4.4.4 Startup
1. Turn ON the reader power switch. The LCD will display the version number of the on board firmware.
Record Firmware Version.
2. After about three seconds, the instrument will perform a self test diagnosis that takes about ten sec-
onds.
3. When prompted by the Log In screen (Administrator), enter the password “00000”. Press Enter.
4.4.5 Touch Pad/Mixing Function

1. Open chamber door (leave open for this test).
2. Press “Memory Recall” button.
3. Select “Protocol” and press “Enter”.
4. Select “End Point” and press “Enter”.
5. Select “End Point 01” and press “Enter” twice.
6. Press the “Start” button.
7. Observe that plate carrier vibrates for 3 seconds prior to read.
100-2414C 03/04 4-3

System Checkout
4.4.6 Verify Printer (Optional Feature)

1. After completion of the above End Point 01 test, press the “Print” button.
2. Select “Reports” and press “Enter”.
3. Verify the printer is functioning properly.
4.4.7 Start Microplate Manager

1. Start Microplate Manager.
2. Select “File...Select Reader”. Select “Model 680” or “Model 680 XR” and click “OK”.
3. Select “New Endpoint Protocol”. The Microplate Manager window will appear (Figure 1).
Figure 1: Microplate Manager - Endpoint Protocol
4. The instrument will be placed in remote mode. “Remote Mode” will appear on display and touch keys
will become nonfunctional.
4-4 100-2414C 03/04

System Checkout
4.4.8 Air Read

1. This test is performed without the use of a microtiter plate.
2. Press “Show Template” button.
3. Click the “Turn Off Autofill” Icon.
4. Click the ”Format as Unknowns” Icon.
5. Using the curser, click and drag highlighting all rows (A1 to G12).
6. All wells on the template should be squares filled with 1’s (see Figure 2).
Figure 2: Plate Template
7. Minimize the plate template.

8. Click on “Reports”.
9. Check the “Raw Data Report”. Click “OK”. (See Figure 3).
Figure 3: Raw Data Report Setup
100-2414C 03/04 4-5

System Checkout
10. Check the Reading Parameters “Single” box.

11. Select Measurement filter: “490”.
12. Click the “Run” button.
13. Plate will take a few moments to read and display the Raw Data Report.
14. Ensure that all values are < 0.005. Reference Figure 4.
Figure 4: Raw Data Report
4-6 100-2414C 03/04

System Checkout
4.4.9 Accuracy
1. This test is performed with the use of the yellow dye test plate.
2. Use the formatted plate template from the Air Read above.
3. Click on “Reports”.
4. Check the “Raw Data Report” and “Unknown Concentrations”. Click “OK”. See Figure 5.
Figure 5: Report Selection
5. Check the Reading Parameters “Single” box.

6. Select Measurement filter: “490”.
7. For “Mix Time” (sec) enter “3”.
9. Ensure the CV is < 5% on the Unknown Concentrations Report (Figure 6) and target values are
within expected ranges (Mean OD).
Figure 6: Unknown Concentrations Results
100-2414C 03/04 4-7

System Checkout
4.4.10 Channel-to-Channel Variation

1. This test is performed with the use of the yellow dye test plate.
2. Press “Show Template” button.
3. Click the “Turn Off Autofill” Icon.
4. Click the ”Format as Unknowns” Icon.
5. Using the curser, click and drag highlighting rows A1 to A12. The number 1 should appear in each
box. Repeat highlighting rows B1 to B12. The number 2 should appear in each box. Repeat for the
remaining rows C1 to C12, D1 to D 12, etc. All wells on the template should appear as shown in Fig-
ure 7.
Figure 7: Channel to Channel Setup
6. Minimize the plate template.

7. Use the same format for reports (“Raw Data Report” and “Unknown Concentrations”), filter (“490”)
and mix time (“3”).
9. Plate will take a few moments to read and display the Raw Data Report and Unknown Concentra-
tions Report.
10. Ensure the CV’s are < 5% on the Unknown Concentrations Report (Figure 8) and target values are
within expected ranges (Mean OD).
4-8 100-2414C 03/04

System Checkout
Figure 8: Unknown Concentrations Report
4.4.11 Stability and Drift

1. This test uses the same setup as specified in 4.4.11 Channel-to-Channel Variation above.
2. Rerun the Channel-to-Channel variation test 3 times allowing 10 minutes between tests.
3. Compare the data from the three tests. The average mean from each row shall be within 0.010 OD of
each other.
100-2414C 03/04 4-9

System Checkout
4.4.12 Verify Incubator Temperature (Optional Feature)

1. Place checkmark in “Incubator On” box. Insure set point is 37° C.
2. Place a standard 96 well microtitre plate filled with 200 microliters water in wells A1, A6, A12, D6, D9,
H1, H6, and H12 in the plate carrier. See Figure 9.
Figure 9: Designated Temperature Test Points
3. Allow microtiter plate to warm for 30 minutes.

4. After 30 minutes, immerse the thermoprobe in the designated well filled with the 200 microliters of
water without touching any portion of the inner well wall. The immersed probe must be in the middle
of the well and immersed in water. See Figure 10.
Figure 10: Well Temperature Measurement
5. Verify that the actual well temperature is 37 ° C +/- 0.5 ° C for each well (A1, A6, A12, D6, D9, H1,
H6, and H12).
4-10 100-2414C 03/04

System Checkout
4.5 Checkmark Validation Program (Optional Method)
4.5.1 General
Figure 11: Checkmark Check Plate
1. The Checkmark program is used with the Checkmark Reader Performance Check Plate for validat-
ing the performance of the Model 680 Microplate Reader. It will test the following parameters:
Default Measurements
• Accuracy
• Precision
• Linearity
Optional Measurements
• Plate Positioning
• Cross-talk
• Filter Check
• 0 OD and Overflow
• IR Spectral Blocking
2. The Checkmark program resides in the Model 680 Microplate Reader programs.
4.5.2 Procedure
Entering Checkmark Plate Reference Data
1. Turn on Model 680 Reader and enter password.
4. Select “Checkmark” and press “Enter”. Press any key if instructed.
5. Press the “Edit” button.
100-2414C 03/04 4-11

System Checkout
7. Select “Serial/Report” and press “Enter”

8. Enter serial number of Checkmark plate. Select report type “Simple” or “Full”. Press “Enter”.
9. Select “Linearity” and press “Enter”.
10. Enter appropriate data from Checkmark reference plate data. Press enter when complete.
11. Select “Max CV” and press “Enter”.
13. Select “Filter Check Reference” and press “Enter”.
Running the Test

1. Open chamber door, insert Checkmark Reader Performance Check Plate, and close door.
4. Select “Checkmark” and press “Enter”. Press any key if instructed.
5. Press the “Start” button.
6. Test will take about 3 minutes to read plate.
4-12 100-2414C 03/04

Preventative Maintenance
Section 5
5.1 Introduction
This section provides the preventative maintenance procedure for the Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate
Reader. Preventative maintenance is recommended at least once a year.

• Small Hand Tools
• Cleaning Materials (Lint Free Cloth, Lens Tissue, Isopropyl Alcohol)
5.3 Preventative Maintenance
5.3.1 Firmware
1. Connect the power cord to the connection on the back if the instrument.
2. Turn ON the power switch on the rear panel. The LCD will display the version number of the firm-
ware.
3. Record firmware version.
4. Turn OFF instrument.
5. Update to latest firmware if applicable (see Section 7.6).
5.3.2 Inspection of Instrument

1. Remove top cover.
2. Visually inspect for cleanliness of plate carrier. Clean plate carrier and rails with lint free cloth and
isopropyl alcohol.
Note: Do not use grease on the plate carrier or rails.
3. Visually inspect for cleanliness of lenses. Clean as required with lens tissue and isopropyl alcohol
(see Section 5.3.3).
4. Reassemble instrument.
100-2414C 03/04 5-1

5.3.3 Optics Cleaning

2. To access top lenses, remove the two screws securing the fiber optics to the cover (Figure 5-1).
Figure 5-1: Remove Screws Securing Fiber Optics
3. Remove two hex standoffs securing top lens block.

4. To remove lenses, remove ten securing screws (Figure 5-2).
Figure 5-2: Top Lens Block
5. Clean lenses with lint free cloth and isopropyl alcohol.

6. Reassemble lenses into holder and remount.
Note: Check for proper orientation when remounting.
5-2 100-2414C 03/04

7. To access bottom lenses, remove cover (Figure 5-3).
Figure 5-3: Bottom Lenses
8. Clean lenses as required. If removal of bottom lenses is required for cleaning, remove plate carrier
and analog board (see Section 6.3.12).
9. Remove bottom lens block (Figure 5-4).
Figure 5-4: Bottom Lens Block Screws
100-2414C 03/04 5-3

10. Remove lenses from holder to clean (Figure 5-5).
Figure 5-5: Bottom Lens Holder
11. Clean with lint free cloth and isopropyl alcohol.

12. Reassemble instrument. Note proper orientation of bottom lens holder upon resaaembly.
5.3.4 Perform System Checkout

1. Perform system checkout per Section 4.0 of this Service Manual.
5-4 100-2414C 03/04

Removal and Replacement
Section 6
6.1 Introduction
This section provides the parts removal and replacement procedures for the Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate
Reader.

• Standard Hand Tools
• Voltmeter
6.3 Removal and Replacement Procedures
6.3.1 Interference Filters

2. Rotate the filter wheel until the desired filter is in top position. Grasp top of filter frame to and pull up
to remove filter.
3. To install filter, insert into desired slot until filter locks into place.
6.3.2 Model 680 Lamp (1681006)

Caution: Surface of Cover may be Hot!

2. Remove the two screws that hold the black plastic cover in place (Figure 6-1) and remove cover.
Figure 6-1: Screws Securing Cover
100-2414D 09/05 6-1

3. Remove the screw which holds the metal cover in place (Figure 6-2) and remove cover.
Figure 6-2: Screw Securing Metal Cover (Caution: Hot)
4. Carefully pull the lamp free and remove (Figure 6-3).
Figure 6-3: Lamp Removal
5. Install new lamp in reverse order of the above steps.
6-2 100-2414D 09/05

6.3.3 Model 680 XR Lamp (1681104)

Note: Surface of Cover may be Hot! Allow to cool before replacing lamp.
2. Remove the two screws (arrows) that hold the black plastic cover in place (Figure 6-4) and remove
cover assembly.
Figure 6-4: Screws Securing Cover
3. Remove the lamp (Figure 6-5).
Figure 6-5: Lamp Removal
4. Install new lamp.
Note: Do not tough new lamp with fingers. Oil on lamp may reduce lamp life.
5. Reassemble in reverse order of the above steps.
100-2414D 09/05 6-3

6.3.4 Top Cover (9310161)

1. Remove the six screws from the underside of the instrument (Figure 6-6).
Figure 6-6: Remove Six Screws from Underside of Instrument
2. Remove the top cover to left side of the instrument (Figure 6-7).
Figure 6-7: Remove Top Cover to Left Side of Instrument
3. Install cover in reverse order of the above steps.
6-4 100-2414D 09/05

6.3.5 Printer Assembly (9310160)

2. Cut the cable tie securing the cable and remove cable from the circuit board (Figure 6-8).
Figure 6-8: Cut Cable Tie and Remove Cable
3. Remove three screws securing printer assembly and remove assembly (Figure 6-9).
Figure 6-9: Three Screws Securing Printer Assembly
4. Prior to installing printer assembly, set the jumpers on the printer control board as follows:
100-2414D 09/05 6-5

5. Check printer head type on flexible cable (Figure 6-10).
Figure 6-10: Location of Head Type
6. Configure the JP4 jumpers in accordance with the Figure 6-11.
Figure 6-11: JP4 Jumper Settings
7. Install new printer in reverse order of the above steps.
6-6 100-2414D 09/05

6.3.6 Keypad Membrane (9310177, 9310277, 9310229)

2. Cut cable tie and disconnect three cables from keypad board (Figure 6-12).
Figure 6-12: Keypad Board
3. Remove three screws and lift out keypad board (Figure 6-13).
Figure 6-13: Screws Securing Keypad Board
4. Peel off keypad membrane (Figure 6-14).
Figure 6-14: Peel Off Keypad Membrane
5. Install new keypad membrane in reverse order of the above steps.
100-2414D 09/05 6-7

6.3.7 Inlet Assembly (9310167)

2. Disconnect the terminals from board (Figure 6-15).
Figure 6-15: Disconnect Terminals
3. Remove nuts from interface connectors and remove (Figure 6-16).
Figure 6-16: Remove Nuts from Connectors
4. Remove four screws securing the fan (Figure 6-17).
Figure 6-17: Fan Mounting Screws
5. Remove inlet assembly.

6. Install new inlet assembly in reverse order of the above steps.
6-8 100-2414D 09/05

6.3.8 Plate Carrier Assembly and Analog Board
Note: Check the model and serial number for the correct replacement board.
Table 6-1: Analog Board Part Numbers
Model 680 Model 680 XR
Analog Board 9310182 9310289

2. Loosen the two screws which secure the fiber and pull out fiber (Figure 6-18).
Figure 6-18: Fiber Mounting
3. Remove the nine mounting screws (Figure 6-19).
Figure 6-19: Plate Carrier Mounting Screws
100-2414D 09/05 6-9

4. Lift the plate carrier assembly, disconnect the cables and remove assembly (Figure 6-20).
Figure 6-20: Disconnect Cables
5. Remove two screws securing the cover over the analog board (Figure 6-21).
Figure 6-21: Analog Board Mounted to Plate Carrier
6-10 100-2414D 09/05

6. Carefully remove fiber from mounting clips (Figure 6-22).
Figure 6-22: Clips Securing Fiber
7. Remove four screws securing analog board and remove (Figure 6-23).
Figure 6-23: Analog Board Mounting Screws
8. Install new plate carrier assembly or analog board in reverse order of the above steps.
100-2414D 09/05 6-11

6.3.9 CPU Board
Note: Check the model and serial number for the correct replacement board.
Table 6-1: CPU Board Part Numbers
Model 680 Model 680 Model 680 Model 680 XR

Old LCD New LCD Backlit LCD
Serial Number 10001 to 10735 10736 to 13850 13851 and higher All
CPU Board 9310181 9310225 9310353 9310278
1. Open top cover.

2. Remove plate carrier assembly (see 6.3.8).
3. Remove all cables to CPU board.
4. Remove four mounting screws and remove board (Figure 6-24).
Figure 6-24: CPU Board Mounting
5. Install new CPU board in reverse order of the above steps.

6. Set the jumper on the CPU Board (#281) per the following table:
Table 6-2: JP2 Jumper Settings for CPU Board
Instrument
Jumper Jumper Placement
Configuration
Without Incubator JP2 Jump
With Incubator JP2 No Jumper (Open)
6-12 100-2414D 09/05

6.3.10 Incubator Control Board (9310180)

1. Open top cover.
3. Remove all cables to incubator control board.
4. Remove four mounting screws and remove board (Figure 6-25).
Figure 6-25: Incubator Control Board Mounting
5. Install new incubator control board in reverse order of the above steps.
6. Perform incubator electronics adjustment as follows. Disconnect cable from plate carrier to CN52.
7. Connect cable into Incubation Adjustment Tool, 9310183, 107.79 ohm connector on tool.
8. Turn on instrument.
9. Measure voltage between TP5 and TP0 (see Figure 6-26).
100-2414D 09/05 6-13

Figure 6-26: Incubator Board Adjustments
10. Adjust trim pot VR1 until the voltage measures 0.000V +/- 0.001V.
11. Connect cable into Incubation Adjustment Tool, 116.47 ohm connector on tool.
12. Measure voltage between TP5 and TP0.
14. If voltage is out of range, repeat steps 3 through 9.
6-14 100-2414D 09/05

6.3.11 Model 680 XR Lamp Control PCB (9310276)

1. Open top cover.
2. Remove ground screw connection and four mounting screws and lift up the filter wheel/lamp assem-
bly (Figure 6-27).
Two Screws Backside (Not Shown)
Ground Screw
Figure 6-27: Lamp Control PCB is Located Under Lamp Assy
3. For ease of disassembly, turn over assembly. To access lamp control board, remove the five screws
securing the lamp PCB cover (Figure 6-28).
Figure 6-28: Bottom View - Lamp PCB Cover Screws
4. Remove cover.
Note: Heat sink will be removed as a result of removing the two side screws.
100-2414D 09/05 6-15

5. Remove the two remaining screws securing the PCB (Figure 6-29).
Figure 6-29: Lamp Control PCB
6. Remove three cables to lamp control PCB and lift out.

7. Install new lamp control PCB by securing with two mounting screws and attaching the three cables.
8. Install the cover and heat sink. For ease of assembly, position the heat sink in place prior to placing
over lamp control PCB (Figure 6-30).
Figure 6-30: Position Heat Sink
9. Install the two screws heat sink side first, then the two remaining screws securing the cover.
10. Reassemble in reverse order of the above steps.
6-16 100-2414D 09/05

6.3.12 Power Supply, 12 Volt (9310178)

1. Open top cover.
3. Remove four screws securing lamp housing and remove (Figure 6-31).
Figure 6-31: Lamp Housing Mounting
4. Remove all cables to 12 volt power supply.

5. Remove four mounting screws and remove power supply (Figure 6-32).
Figure 6-32: 12 Volt Power Supply Mounting
6. Install new 12 volt power supply in reverse order of the above steps.
100-2414D 09/05 6-17

6.3.13 Power Supply, 24 Volt (9310179)

1. Open top cover.
3. Remove four screws securing lamp housing and remove (Figure 6-33).
4. Remove all cables to 24 volt power supply.
5. Remove four mounting screws and remove power supply (Figure 6-33).
Figure 6-33: 24 Volt Power Supply Mounting
6. Install new 24 volt power supply in reverse order of the above steps.
6-18 100-2414D 09/05

6.3.14 Photo Sensor - Plate Carrier/Analog Board (9310174)

2. Open the clip securing the optical fiber assembly. Remove the three screws securing the cover and
remove (Figure 6-34).
Figure 6-34: Remove Clip and Mounting Screws
3. Remove the screw securing the photo sensor and remove (Figure 6-35).
Figure 6-35: Removing the Photo Sensor
4. Install new photo sensor in reverse order of the above steps.

5. Check plate positioning per Section 7.5.
100-2414D 09/05 6-19

6.3.15 Photo Sensor - Filter Wheel (9310174)

2. Remove cable from photo sensor. Remove screw securing photo sensor and remove (Figure 6-36).
Figure 6-36: Photo Sensor Removal
3. Install new photo sensor in reverse order of the above steps.
6-20 100-2414D 09/05

6.3.16 Model 680 Light Balancing Filter (9310173)

2. Remove plastic cover and metal cover from atop lamp.
3. Remove two screws securing lamp housing (Figure 6-37).
Figure 6-37: Lamp Housing
4. Remove two screws securing the light balancing filter (Figure 6-38).
Figure 6-38: Light Balancing Filter
5. Install new light balancing filter in reverse order of the above steps.
100-2414D 09/05 6-21

6.3.17 Model 680 XR Light Balancing Filter (9310275)

2. Remove two screws (arrows) securing lamp housing assembly (Figure 6-39).
Figure 6-39: Lamp Housing
3. Remove two recessed screws securing the light balancing filter (Figure 6-40).
Figure 6-40: Light Balancing Filter
4. Install new light balancing filter in reverse order of the above steps.
6-22 100-2414D 09/05

6.3.18 Plate Carrier Motor (9310172)

2. Remove the three cover screws and lift away (Figure 6-41).
Figure 6-41: Remove Inner Cover
3. Remove the two screws from the rail cover and remove cover (Figure 6-42).
Figure 6-42: Cover Screws
100-2414D 09/05 6-23

4. Loosen the screw to the belt and remove belt Figure 6-43).
Figure 6-43: Loosen Belt Adjustment Screw
5. Remove two screws securing motor (Figure 6-44). Remove and unplug motor.
Figure 6-44: Motor Mounting Screws
6. Install new motor in reverse order of the above steps.
6-24 100-2414D 09/05

6.3.19 Optical Fiber Assembly (9310169)

1. Open top cover.
3. Open the clip securing the optical fiber assembly. Remove the three screws securing the cover and
remove (Figure 6-45).
Figure 6-45: Removing Optical Fiber Assembly
4. Remove two screws securing the cover over the analog board
5. Carefully remove fiber from mounting clips (Figure 6-46).
Figure 6-46: Remove Cover Screws
6. Install new optical fiber assembly in reverse order of the above steps.
100-2414D 09/05 6-25

7. When re-installing fiber into filter wheel housing, ensure that end is protruding 2 mm from plate (Fig-
ure 6-47).
Figure 6-47: Fiber Installation
6-26 100-2414D 09/05

6.3.20 Filter Wheel (9310170) & Filter Wheel Motor (9310171)

1. Open top cover.
3. Cut cable tie and remove two screws securing the filter wheel assembly (Figure 6-48).
Figure 6-48: Filter Wheel Assembly Mounting
4. Unplug cable from motor to analog board.

5. Remove two screws securing filter wheel to motor (Figure 6-49).
Figure 6-49: Filter Wheel Mounting
6. Remove two screws securing motor to mounting bracket.

7. Install new filter wheel or motor in reverse order of the above steps.
100-2414D 09/05 6-27

6.3.21 Fan (9310168)

1. Open top cover.
3. Remove 4 screws and move lamp assembly in order to facilitate unpluging of fan cable (Figure 6-50).
Figure 6-50: Lamp Assembly Mounting
4. Remove four mounting screws and remove fan (Figure 6-51).
Figure 6-51: Fan Mounting
5. Install new fan in reverse order of the above steps.
6-28 100-2414D 09/05

6.3.22 Lithium Battery (9006020)

1. Open top cover.
3. Replace the lithium battery located on the CPU board (Figure 6-52).
Figure 6-52: Lithium Battery
4. Install new lithium battery in reverse order of the above steps.
100-2414D 09/05 6-29

Adjustments, Calibration and Checks
Section 7
7.1 Introduction
This section provides the adjustments, calibration and checks applicable to the Model 680 and Model 680 XR
Microplate Readers.

• Standard Hand Tools
• Voltmeter
• 9310183 Incubator Adjustment Tool
• 9310184 RS-232C Cable
• 1002446 Firmware CD
7.3 Electronics Adjustment
7.3.1 Setting of Jumper on the CPU Board (#281)

1. Open the top cover and remove plate carrier assembly to access CPU Board (#281).
2. Locate JP2 (Figure 7-1).
Figure 7-1: Jumper JP2
3. Set the jumper on the CPU Board (#281) per the following table:
Table 7-1: JP2 Jumper Settings for CPU Board
Instrument
Jumper Jumper Placement
Configuration
Without Incubator JP2 Jump
With Incubator JP2 No Jumper (Open)
100-2414E 02/06 7-1

7.3.2 Setting of the Jumpers on the Printer Control Board (#284)

1. Open the top cover to access Printer Control Board (#284).
2. Check printer head type on flexible cable (Figure 7-2).
Figure 7-2: Location of Head Type
3. Configure the jumpers to JP4 in accordance with the Figure 7-3.
Figure 7-3: JP4 Jumper Settings
7-2 100-2414E 02/06

7.3.3 Incubator Electronics Adjustment (Board #284)

Note: This procedure is used to set the proper temperature set points for the incubator.
1. Open the top cover and remove plate carrier assembly to access Incubator board (#284).
2. Disconnect cable from plate carrier to CN52.
3. Connect cable into Incubation Adjustment Tool, 9310183, 107.79 ohm connector on tool.
4. Turn on instrument.
5. Measure voltage between TP5 and TP0 (Figure 7-4).
Figure 7-4: Incubator Board Adjustments
7. Connect cable into Incubation Adjustment Tool, 116.47 ohm connector on tool.
8. Measure voltage between TP5 and TP0.
10. If voltage is out of range, repeat steps 3 through 9.
100-2414E 02/06 7-3

7.4 Adjusting Plate Carrier Belt Tension

1. This procedure is used to adjust the belt tension of the plate carrier.
2. Open the top cover.
3. Remove fiber optics cover (Figure 7-5)
Figure 7-5: Remove Fiber Optics Cover
4. Remove two screws securing the belt cover as shown in Figure 7-6.
Figure 7-6: Remove Belt Cover
7-4 100-2414E 02/06

5. Loosen the screw and adjust the belt tension. Tension should be firm but not overly tight.
Figure 7-7: Belt Tension Adjustment
100-2414E 02/06 7-5

7.5 Alignment of Plate Carrier
7.5.1 Checking Plate Alignment

1. This procedure is used to check positioning and alignment of the plate carrier.
3. Install Checkmark Plate into reader. Make sure plate is properly seated.
4. Apply clear tape over small holes in columns 1 and 12 (Figure 7-8).
Figure 7-8: Placement of Tape
5. Use QC software to move plate beneath optics path per Section 7.7.3.
6. Check that the light is centered about the holes in the Checkmark Plate in columns 1 and 12 (Figure
7-9).
Figure 7-9: Checking Plate Position at Columns 1 & 12
7-6 100-2414E 02/06

7.5.2 Adjusting Plate Alignment - Y Direction

1. This procedure is used to adjust the Y direction (top/bottom) position of the plate carrier by reposi-
tioning of the rails.
3. Loosen the 12 screws shown in Figure 7-10 and adjust the rails as required.
Figure 7-10: Y Direction Adjustment - Reposition Rails
7.5.3 Adjusting Plate Alignment - X Direction

1. This procedure is used to adjust the X direction (left/right) position of the plate carrier by repositioning
the photo sensor.
3. Loosen the screws shown in Figure 7-11 and reposition the photo sensor as required.
Figure 7-11: X Direction Adjustment - Reposition Sensor
100-2414E 02/06 7-7

7.6 Firmware
7.6.1 General
1. Downloading firmware is achieved through a PC (Windows 95, NT, 2000, XP) and an RS-232 cable.
2. The communication requirements are as follows:
RS232C
Port: COM1
Baud Rate: 9600, 57600
Data: 8 bit 1 stop
3. The downloading program and additional files are required for downloading:
m680_up.exe mscomctl.ocx
comdlg32.ocx msvbvm60.dll
mscomm32.ocx asycfilt.dll
comcat.dll mci32.ocx
oleaut32.dll olepro32.dll
vb6stkit.dll
4. The current firmware files are:
M680_V171OL.txt for Original Lens models (SN 10001 through 10735)

M680_V171NL.txt for New LCD models (SN 10736 through 13850)
M680_V171.txt for Backlit LCD models (SN 13851 and higher)
M680_V171.txt for Chinese version instruments
M680XR_V163-XR.txt (for Model 680XR readers)
5. When updating firmware versions 1.60 and earlier with m680_up.exe, plate reading results, security
password, Checkmark reference values, Checkmark reading results and laboratory name will be lost.
Protocol settings (except for #5-8) and filter wavelengths will be retrieved and restored in the update
process. Date and time will need to be reset.
6. When updating firmware versions 1.61 and later with m680_up.exe, all data and settings except for
security password, Checkmark reading results, Protocol settings (except for #5-8) and Plate Reading
results (#5-8) be retrieved and restored in the update process. Date and time will need to be reset.
7-8 100-2414E 02/06

7.6.2 Firmware History

Table 7-2: Firmware History
Compatibility
Instrument Firmware
History Original New Backlit
Style Version
LCD LCD LCD
Original LCD 1.59 Initial release (compatible with serial num- Yes No No
Serial Numbers bers 10001 through 10735)
10001 - 10735 1.60 Minor corrections (compatible with serial Yes No No
numbers 10001 through 10735)
1.62 Added TSE protocols (compatible with serial Yes No No
1.63 Changed TSE validation criteria (compatible Yes No No
with serial numbers 10001 through 10735)
1.71OL Added functionality for ESC/P printer. Yes No No
Added protocols for TSE Sheep/Goat and
Rabies (compatible with serial numbers
10001 through 10735)
New LCD 1.60NL Released for new LCD display (SN 10736 No Yes No
Serial Numbers through 13850). Minor corrections.
10736 - 13850 1.60cNL Released for Chinese version readers (SN No Yes No
11201 through 13850).
1.62NL Added TSE protocols (compatible with serial No Yes No
1.63NL Changed TSE validation criteria (compatible No Yes No
with serial numbers 10736 through 13850)
1.71NL Added functionality for ESC/P printer. No Yes No
Added protocols for TSE Sheep/Goat and
Rabies (compatible with serial numbers
10736 through 13850)
Model 680XR 1.63XR For Model XR functionality only No Yes No
Backlit LCD 1.70 Released for backlit LCD and integration of No No Yes
Serial Numbers English and Chinese version firmware.
13851 and higher Added functionality for ESC/P printer (effec-
tivity serial number 13851 and higher).
1.71 Added protocols for TSE Sheep/Goat and No No Yes

Rabies (effectivity serial number 13851 and
higher).
100-2414E 02/06 7-9

7.6.3 Integration of English and Chinese Firmware Versions
Note: With firmware version 1.70, the English and Chinese versions have been integrated. A language choice
has been added with this version.
1. To enter the “Select Language” screen, press the “0” key and “4” key and turn ON instrument power.
Hold for approximately 5 seconds and the “Select Language” screen will appear.
2. Use Up and Down arrow keys to select language choice. Press Enter.
3. Reader resets automatically and restarts with the selected language.
Note: If the language selected is different, the reader will clear all memory and restore default values.
7-10 100-2414E 02/06

7.6.4 Downloading Firmware

1. Load the m680_up.exe program. The screen shown in Figure 7-12 will appear.
Figure 7-12: Microplate Reader Model 680 Update Screen
2. Click on “Model 680 Update” and the following screen will appear:
Figure 7-13: Click Yes after Log-in
3. Connect a RS-232C cable between Model 680 and PC COM1 port.

4. Turn ON Model 680 reader and input password for log in (default 00000). Press enter.
5. When complete, press Yes button on screen.
100-2414E 02/06 7-11

6. The following screen will appear:
Figure 7-14: Confirmation Screen
7. Press Yes to update to new version. If the instrument is at the latest version, the screen will indicate
no update is required.
8. The screen shown in Figure 7-15 will indicate the status as existing data and settings are retrieved
from the Model 680 reader.
Figure 7-15: Retrieving Data Screen
7-12 100-2414E 02/06

9. When data retrieving is complete, the following screen will appear:
Figure 7-16: Firmware Update Screen
10. The following steps are also indicated on the screen shown in Figure 7-16
11. Turn OFF the Model 680 Reader.
12. While pushing both “Main” and “0” key on the keypad, turn on reader power switch. After about 10
seconds, the following screen on LCD appears:
Firmware update
Are you sure?
Yes: “Start” Key
No: “7” Key
13. Push “Start/Stop” key switch on the Model 680 reader to begin reader firmware erasing.
14. After the erasing finishes, the LCD screen “RS Receive” will appear.
15. Click the “Start” button on PC screen. The firmware will begin uploading and bar graph at the bottom
of the screen will display status. This will take approximately 7 minutes.
16. When the firmware update operation is complete, the LCD on the reader will displayed “Finished”
and the restore previous data screen will appear (Figure 7-17).
100-2414E 02/06 7-13

Figure 7-17: Restore Previous Data Screen
17. Turn OFF reader power switch then turn ON. A “Battery Low” error message will occur. This is nor-
mal; press Enter.
18. At the Calendar settings screen, enter Date and Time and press Enter.
19. Enter password and press Enter.
20. After completion of log-in press the Yes button on the PC screen.
21. The restoring data screen will appear (Figure 7-18).
Figure 7-18: Storing Data Screen
7-14 100-2414E 02/06

22. When the update is complete, the firmware complete message will appear (Figure 7-19).
Figure 7-19: Firmware Update Complete
23. Click OK to continue.

24. A password change reminder screen will appear (Figure 7-20).
Figure 7-20: Change Password Reminder Screen
25. Follow on screen instructions to change password or select Exit to quit.
100-2414E 02/06 7-15

7.7 QC Software
Note: There are 4 modes in this program; Measure Mode, Monitor Mode, Extension Mode and Incubator. The
instructions in this section apply to the Monitor Mode which allows step-by-step positioning of the plate carrier.
7.7.1 Entering QC Software

1. While pressing the “0” and “Upper” key buttons, turn ON power switch. Continue to hold down but-
tons until QC Software screen appears.
2. Select YES by pressing the “1” key.
3. Input the password “00000” and press Enter.
4. Press the Dot key “.” to enter the QC Mode menu (Figure 7-13).
QC 1: Measure Mode
2: Monitor Mode
3: Extension Mode
4: Incubator
Figure 7-21: QC Mode
7.7.2 Monitor Mode

1. Select Monitor Mode from the menu by pressing “2” (Figure 7-14).
MON: V
DEC:
CH: A PLT: 12
FL: 1 Gain=1.1.1.0
Figure 7-22: Monitor Mode
Definitions:
MON = AD Value (voltage conversion)
DEC = AD Value (decimal)
CH = Row Position
PLT = Plate Column Position
FL = Filter Number
Gain = Gain A, B
Commands:
Main = Back to QC Mode Screen
Change of Gain A
Change of Gain B
Change of Plate Position
Change of Filter Position
“.” (Dot) = Change of Channel
7-16 100-2414E 02/06

7.7.3 Plate Positioning

1. To use the QC software to check for plate positioning, enter the QC Mode and press 2 for Monitor
Mode.
2. The reader will initialize the plate carrier and place column 12 in the optics path.
3. Press the down arrow key to change filter position for desired filter position.
4. Press the up arrow key to step the plate through column positions 11 to 1.
7.8 External Printer Setup
Note: The Model 680 Reader with firmware version 1.70 added support for ESC/P external printer mode.
Previous versions of firmware support only ASCII print mode.
1. To change the external printer print mode, perform the following steps:
a. Select Edit from the top screen menu

b. Select Printer
c. Select desired print mode: ASCII or ESC/P
d. Press Enter
2. Connect printer and check print application by performing any run.
100-2414E 02/06 7-17

Troubleshooting
Section 8
Troubleshooting
8.1 About this Section

This section of the manual provides information on troubleshooting the Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate
Reader. The information in this section will help diagnose the common operating difficulties and component
failures. If additional assistance in resolving a problem is required, please contact the Technical Service
Department at 1-800-424-6723.
8.2 Troubleshooting
The following troubleshooting tables are intended as a guide to assist in diagnosing some common problems.
Table 8-1: General Problems
Problem Possible Cause Solution
Will not communicate with com- Improper COM Port selected Check that COM1 port is used.
puter
Improper serial cable Check for proper serial cable .
CPU board problem Replace CPU board.
Blank LCD upon Power Up Fuse Blown Check Fuse. If bad, replace
Cable connection Check display cable and reseat.
Bad LCD Replace LCD.
Memory Error Bad CPU Board Replace CPU Board.
Calendar Error Data error Reset time and date. Reboot.
Bad CPU Board Replace CPU Board.
Printer Error Printer malfunction Replace printer.
Will not print to external printer Check printer setup Section 7.8
(ESC/P requires firmware ver-
sion 1.70 or later)
Battery Error Battery dead Replace battery.
Old version firmware Download new firmware.
LCD Hardware Error LCD malfunction Replace LCD.
A/D Conversion Error Loose cable connection Check cables to CPU board and
Analog Board
Bad A/D convertor Replace Analog Board.
Grinding Sound or Plate Error Carrier binding Check for source of binding.
Clean and lubricate plate carrier
rods as necessary.
100-2414E 02/06 8-1

Troubleshooting
Table 8-2: Error Codes
Code 8071- Invalid Command Received data error Resend command
Code 8072 - Parameter Out of Received command parameter is Resend command and parame-
range out of range ter
Code 8073 - Not in Remote Instrument is not in Remote Send the “AQ” command to
Mode Mode acquire Remote Control Mode
Code 8074 - Device Busy Instrument is busy Wait until ready
Code 8075 - Filter Disk Jammed CPU board bad Replace CPU board
Motor bad Replace motor
Photo interrupter for Filter disk Replace photo interrupter

damaged
Filter disk damage Replace the filter disk
Code 8076 - Carrier Jammed Plate is not properly seated Reseat plate
After Reading
Interference or blockage Check for Interference or block-
age
Code 8077 - Light Bulb Error Lamp defective Replace lamp
Lamp out of alignment Check that lamp is properly

seated
Optical fiber damaged Replace optical fiber
Bad analog board Replace Analog Board
Code 8082 - Filter Wheel Filter wheel jammed Check filter wheel
Code 8083 - Incubator Error Thermo sensor damaged Replace plate carrier
Incubation control board bad Replace Incubation control board
Code 8084 - Carrier Home Sen- Photo interrupter for plate carrier Replace photo interrupter
sor Closed Status Error damaged
CPU board bad Replace CPU board
Code 8085 - Carrier Home Sen- Plate is not properly seated Reseat plate
sor Open Status Error
Interference or blockage Check for Interference or block-
age
Photo interrupter for plate carrier Replace photo interrupter

damaged
8-2 100-2414E 02/06

Troubleshooting
Table 8-2: Error Codes
Code 8086 - Carrier Jammed Plate is not properly seated Reseat plate
Before Reading
Code 8087 - Plate Carrier Posi- Plate carrier jammed after read- Check plate carrier for obstruc-
tion ing tion.
Code 8088 - Light Level Error Dirty Lenses Clean lenses

Between Channel
Optical fiber damaged Replace optical fiber
Bad analog board Replace Analog Board
Code 8089 - Filter Missing Filter missing from filter wheel Check filter wheel and install filter
allowing light to exceed accept-
able range
Code 8090 - Security Code in Security code did not match Remove security lock
Error
Code 8091 - RS-232C Error Data communication problem Check RS-232 cable
Code 8092 - A/D Conversion Bad A/D convertor Replace Analog Board
Error
Code 8093 - Stop Key Pressed Stop key pressed during mea- User error. Reset command
surement
100-2414E 02/06 8-3

Troubleshooting
Table 8-3: Firmware Downloading
Checksum Error Corrupted Firmware File Repeat using uncorrupted file

Communication Time Out RS-232 not connected Ensure RS-232 is properly con-
nected.
Wrong button clicked Repeat download procedure
RS-232C Error Parity, Overrun or Framing errors Ensure RS-232 is properly con-
occurred nected. Repeat download proce-
dure
Verify Error Communicated data and written Repeat download procedure
data is different (make sure instrument power is
cycled)
Flash Write Error Flash memory could not be writ- Repeat download procedure
ten (make sure instrument power is
cycled)
Flash Erase Error Flash memory could not be Repeat download procedure
erased (cycle power; first screen to
appear is downloading screen)
Erase Check Error No erasing memory exists Repeat download procedure

(make sure instrument power is
cycled)
Battery Error Occurs after firmware download Normal. Press Enter. Reset date,
time and filter data.
8-4 100-2414E 02/06

Troubleshooting
Table 8-4: Checkmark Plate Failures
Fails Accuracy, Linearity or Erratic or non-uniform well-to-well Check for cleanliness of optics
Precision OD values and lenses. Clean as required.
Check lamp. Reseat or replace
as necessary.
Check filter. Reseat or replace as

necessary.
Replace fiber optics assembly
Replace analog board

Replace CPU board
Fails Plate Positioning Plate binding Check for proper movement of

plate.
Belt tension too tight or too loose Check belt tension and tighten/
loosen as necessary per Section
7.4
Plate carrier out of alignment Check plate alignment and cor-

rect as necessary per Section 7.5
Failed Cross Talk Wells A2, C2, E2, G2, B3, D3, F3, Check for cleanliness of optics
and H3 are exceeding 0.003 OD and lenses. Clean as required.
due to some light path blockage.
Check lamp. Reseat or replace
as necessary.
Check filter. Reseat or replace as

necessary.
Check for proper movement of

plate.
Check belt tension and tighten/

loosen if necessary per Section
7.4
Check plate alignment and cor-
Replace fiber optic assembly
Fails Filter Check Filter deterioration Replace filter

Fails 0 OD/Overflow Not detecting infinite absorbance Check plate alignment and cor-
Replace analog board
Fails IR Blocking Detected IR light passing through Check filter for damage or deteri-
plate; not blocked by filters ation. Replace as necessary.
100-2414E 02/06 8-5

Parts Information
Section 9
Parts Information

This section of the manual provides information on the field replaceable parts and service tools for the Model
680 and 680 XR Microplate Readers. Information on parts and tools ordering is also included in this section.
9.2 Parts Orders
9.2.1 US Domestic Operations

Parts may be ordered through our Service Parts department. You can reach the Service Parts department
during Pacific time regular office hours by calling 1-510-741-5038 or 5058. You can help to make processing
your order more efficient by having the following information before you call:
• The part number(s) or catalog number(s) of the parts you want to order
• Shipment information
• Your account or inventory location number
9.2.2 International Subsidiaries

The procedures for ordering parts vary from region to region outside the United States. Please contact your
Bio-Rad Export Sales Representative through your regular sales and service channels.
9.3 Returning Defective Parts
9.3.1 US Domestic Operations

Defective Assemblies returned for evaluation and repair are an important part of the logistics and inventory
control process. Returned parts and assemblies are refurbished when possible, tested and returned to ser-
vice stock. Maintaining the effectiveness and efficiency of this process enables us to deliver the high standard
of service that our customers expect, at a reasonable cost that allows us to remain competitive.
You are an integral part of our inventory process. When you return parts or assemblies to Bio-Rad to be eval-
uated and repaired, please attach a tag to each assembly. The tag should contain the following information:
• Model and serial number of the unit which the part was removed
• The part number or catalog number of the part being returned
• The date of removal
• A description of the problem or symptoms exhibited
• Your name and other identification information
This information will help our service centers to make repairs efficiently. When you receive replacement parts,
save the packaging material for returning the defective parts for repair.
100-2414E 02/06 9-1

Parts Information
9.3.2 International Subsidiaries

The procedures for returning parts vary from region to region outside the United States. Contact your Bio-Rad
Export Representative through your regular service channels.
9-2 100-2414E 02/06

Parts Information
9.4 Service Parts

The following is a list of service parts for the Model 680 Microplate Reader.
Table 9-1: Replaceable Parts for the Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate Reader
Description Part Number
Battery, Lithium, CR2032, 3V 900-6020
Cable, Serial, RS-232C 931-0184
Cover Assembly, Top (Model 680) 931-0161
Cover Assembly, Top (Model 680 XR) 931-0333
100-2414E 02/06 9-3

Parts Information
Cover Assembly, Top (Model 680 9310230

Chinese)
Cover, Bottom 9310162
Cover, Rear 9310163
Door 9310164
Fan 9310168
9-4 100-2414E 02/06

Parts Information
Fiber Holder 9310274
Filter Wheel 9310170
Fuse, T3.15A, 250V, 20mm x 5mm 9000231
Inlet Assembly 9310167
Keypad Membrane (Model 680) 9310177
100-2414E 02/06 9-5

Parts Information
Keypad Membrane (Model 680 XR) 9310277
Keypad Membrane (Model 680 9310229

Chinese Keypad))
LCD Display Assembly (Note: for serial 9310224

numbers 10001 to 10734, the CPU board
9310225 must also be ordered)
LCD Backlit Display Assembly (Note: for 9310351

serial numbers 13851 and higher)
LCD Backlit Display Kit - includes new 9310352

hardware (Note: for retrofitting serial
numbers 10001 to 13850; the CPU board
9310353 must also be ordered)
9-6 100-2414E 02/06

Parts Information
LCD Display Assembly (Model 680 XR) 9310332
Lens Block 9310273
Light Balancing Filter, Model 680 9310173
Light Balancing Filter, Model 680 XR 9310275
Motor, Filter Wheel 9310171
100-2414E 02/06 9-7

Parts Information
Motor, Plate Carrier 9310172
Optical Fiber Assembly 9310169
Optical Assembly (Model 680 XR) 9310331
PCB, Analog Board (#282), Model 680 9310182
PCB, Analog Board (#301), Model 680 9310289

XR
9-8 100-2414E 02/06

Parts Information
PCB, CPU Board (for Model 680 serial 9310181

numbers 10001 to 10735)

numbers 10736 to 13850)

numbers 13851 and above)
PCB, CPU Board (for Model 680 XR) 9310278
PCB, Incubation Control Board (#286) 9310180
100-2414E 02/06 9-9

Parts Information
PCB, Lamp Control Board, Model 680 XR 9310276
Photo Sensor, Plate Carrier 9310174
Photo Sensor, Filter Wheel 9310348
Plate Carrier Assy without Incubator 9310175
Plate Carrier Assy with Incubator 9310176
9-10 100-2414E 02/06

Parts Information
Power Supply, 12 Volt 9310178
Power Supply, 24 Volt, Incubator 9310179
Printer Assembly 9310160
Rail, Right 9310165
Rail, Left 9310166
Shield Cover, CPU PCB 9310360
100-2414E 02/06 9-11

Parts Information
Table 9-2: Consumables
Lamp, Model 680, 12V, 20W 1681006

(9310152)
Lamp, Model 680 XR, 6V, 20W 1681104

(10000562)
Paper Roll 1681007

(9310153)
9-12 100-2414E 02/06

Parts Information
9.5 Filters
The following is a list of custom filters available:
Table 9-3: Filters
Wavelength Part Number Wavelength Part Number
340 nm* 1681105 575 nm 1681045

345 nm* 1681106 580 nm 1681046
350 nm* 1681107 585 nm 1681047
355 nm* 1681108 590 nm 1681048
360 nm* 1681109 595 nm 1681049
365 nm* 1681110 600 nm 1681050
370 nm* 1681111 605 nm 1681051
375 nm* 1681112 610 nm 1681052
380 nm* 1681113 615 nm 1681053
385 nm* 1681114 620 nm 1681054
390 nm* 1681115 625 nm 1681055
395 nm* 1681116 630 nm 1681056
400 nm 1681010 635 nm 1681057
405 nm 1681011 640 nm 1681058
410 nm 1681012 645 nm 1681059
415 nm 1681013 650 nm 1681060
420 nm 1681014 655 nm 1681061
425 nm 1681015 660 nm 1681062
430 nm 1681016 665 nm 1681063
435 nm 1681017 670 nm 1681064
440 nm 1681018 675 nm 1681065
445 nm 1681019 680 nm 1681066
450 nm 1681020 685 nm 1681067
455 nm 1681021 690 nm 1681068
460 nm 1681022 695 nm 1681069
465 nm 1681023 700 nm 1681070
470 nm 1681024 705 nm 1681071
475 nm 1681025 710 nm 1681072
480 nm 1681026 715 nm 1681073
485 nm 1681027 720 nm 1681074
490 nm 1681028 725 nm 1681075
495 nm 1681029 730 nm 1681076
500 nm 1681030 735 nm 1681077
505 nm 1681031 740 nm 1681078
510 nm 1681032 745 nm 1681079
515 nm 1681033 750 nm 1681080
520 nm 1681034 755 nm* 1681117
525 nm 1681035 760 nm* 1681118
530 nm 1681036 765 nm* 1681119
535 nm 1681037 770 nm* 1681120
540 nm 1681038 775 nm* 1681121
545 nm 1681039 780 nm* 1681122
550 nm 1681040 785 nm* 1681123
555 nm 1681041 790 nm* 1681124
560 nm 1681042 795 nm* 1681125
565 nm 1681043 800 nm* 1681126
570 nm 1681044
*Model 680 XR only
100-2414E 02/06 9-13

Parts Information
9.6 Tools
The following is a list of special tools and software required for servicing the Model 680 Microplate Reader.
Table 9-4: Special Service Tools and Firmware
Tool Description Part Number
Incubator Adjustment Tool 9310183
Checkmark Reader Performance 1706940

Check Plate
Firmware 1002446
9-14 100-2414E 02/06

Parts Information
9.7 Manuals
The following is a list of reference manuals.
Table 9-5: Manuals
Tool Description Part Number
Microplate Manager Version 1709520

5.2.1 Software Users Manual (Parallel Port Hasp)
1709523
(USB Hasp)
Checkmark Reader Performance 4000186

Software Instruction Manual
100-2414E 02/06 9-15

Drawings
Section 10
Drawings

This section contains drawings for the Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate Reader.
10.2 Drawings
• Block Diagram
• Wiring Diagram
100-2414C 03/04 10-1

Model 680 Block Diagram
Interference Filters
Color Conversion Filter
Motor
Halogen Lamp Plastic Fiber
Refrence
Convex Lenzs
AC Input Microplate
Heater & Pt Sensor

(option)
Motor
Ball Lenzs
Photo Diodes
Analog Board
Power Supply ( Amplifier )
( A/D converter )
RS232C Main Board

( CPU controller )
( Motor driver )
Fan
Printer Port
Power Supply
(Option)
Internal Incubation
Printer
(Option)
(Option) LCD & Key Switch
1 2 3 4 5
1 1
Inlet
Power SW Fuse
Power Supply
4p
5p
L N
12V
CN2
CN1
E
No.283-2
Option
Lamp Membrane SW
Printer Dsub 25p Dsub 9p
Control LCD
CN43 CN22
Board
2 2
CN45
CN44
Internal
30p
25p
Printer
12p 20p
CN62 CN63
No.284 No.283-1
CN61
Fan 34p
Option
PT Sensor
30p 26p 9p 3p 2p 34p
Incubation CN42 CN04 CN02 CN01 CN33 CN06 M1
CN10
CN51
10p
6p
CN05
Control
No.286-2
3 3
Board (Plate Carrier)
CN52
CN54
5p
5p
M2
CN11
No.286 Shield Case
7p
Heater
(Filter)
CN53
2p No.281 PI1
3p
CN07
4p CPU Board (Plate Carrier)
CN2a
CN1a
5p
4 Power Supply 4
CN09
PI2
4p
24V CN08
34p
(Filter)
34p
A
CN81 Base Plate
B
C
No.282 Measurement
D
5 E 5
Photo Title
Analog Board Diodes F
/QFGN/KETQRNCVG4GCFGT
9KTKPI&KCITCO
G Document Number Rev
Reference H
$4' ;CUWUJK-QEJK[COC
Date: June 4, 2001 Sheet 1 of 1
1 2 3 4 5
Appendix
Appendix
Appendix A - Model 680 System Checkout Report
Appendix B - Model 680 XR System Checkout Report
Appendix C - Checkmark Check Plate
Appendix D - Error Flow Diagrams
100-2414C 03/04
Appendix A
Model 680 Microplate Reader

System Checkout Report
Customer: Instrument Serial Number:
Case Number: AC Input Voltage:
Test Specification Results
Configuration 168-1000 (No Temp Control, No Internal Printer) N/A

168-1001 (With Temp Control, No Internal Printer)
168-1002 (No Temp Control, With Internal Printer)
168-1003 (With Temp Control, With Internal Printer)
Firmware Firmware Version Record__________ Pass Fail
Instrument Function Keypad and Display Pass Fail

Printer Function (if applicable)
Self Diagnosis and Start Up
RS-232 Communication
Mixing Feature
Incubator (if applicable)
System Checkout Air Read (all wells < 0.005) Pass Fail
Accuracy (CV 5.0%) Pass Fail
Channel-to-Channel (CV 5.0%) Pass Fail
Stability and Drift (< 0.010 OD) Pass Fail
The above referenced instrument has been tested and meets all performance specifications.
______________________________ _____________
Bio-Rad Date
Appendix B
Model 680 XR Microplate Reader

System Checkout Report
Customer: Instrument Serial Number:
Case Number: AC Input Voltage:
Test Specification Results
Configuration 168-1100 (No Temp Control, No Internal Printer) N/A

168-1101 (With Temp Control, With Internal Printer)
Firmware Firmware Version Record__________ Pass Fail
Instrument Function Keypad and Display Pass Fail

Printer Function (if applicable)
Filter Installation
Self Diagnosis and Start Up
RS-232 Communication
Mixing Feature
Incubator (if applicable)
System Checkout Air Read (all wells < 0.005) Pass Fail
Accuracy (CV < 5.0%) Pass Fail
Channel-to-Channel (CV < 5.0%) Pass Fail
Stability and Drift (< 0.010 OD) Pass Fail
The above referenced instrument has been tested and meets all performance specifications.
______________________________ _____________
Bio-Rad Date
Appendix C
Appendix C
Checkmark Reader Performance Check Plate
The Checkmark program is used with the Checkmark Reader Performance Check Plate for validating the
performance of the Model 680 Microplate Reader. It will test reader accuracy, precision and linearity. In
addition it will provide information on plate positioning, cross-talk, filter wavelength, overflow and 0 OD, and
infrared (IR) blocking for diagnostic purposes.
The Bio-Rad Catalog number is 170-6940. The Checkmark program and Check Plate is manufactured by:
Anthos Labtec Instruments

Lagerhausstrasse 507
A-5071 Wals/Salzburg, Austria
Tel: +43 (0) 662 857 220
Fax: +43 (0) 662 857 223
e-mail: anthos@anthos-labtec.com
Web Site: www.anthos-labtec.com
100-2414C 03/04 C-1

Appendix D – Error Flow Diagrams
Hardware error detection upon power turn on.
Memory error
Calendar error
Printer error
Battery error
LCD hardware error
Turn on the Self-diagnosis.

D/A conversion error Instrument displays error message
power switch
on LCD.
A/D conversion error

Error code : 8092
Carrier home sensor open status error

Error code : 8085
Carrier home sensor closed status error

Error code : 8084
Carrier jammed error before reading

Error code : 8086
Carrier jammed error after reading

Error code : 8087
Filter disk jammed

Error code : 8075
Hardware error detection upon plate read.
Printer error
Light level error between cannel

Error code : 8088
Light bulb error

Error code : 8077
D/A conversion error
A/D conversion error

Error code : 8092
Plate reading Carrier home sensor open status error

Error code : 8085 Instrument displays error message
on LCD or returns error code to
Carrier home sensor closed status error PC.
Error code : 8084
Carrier jammed error before reading

Error code : 8086
Carrier jammed error after reading

Error code : 8087
Filter disk jammed

Error code : 8075
Filter missing
Error code : 8089
Hardware error detection upon incubator activation.
Incubator Instrument displays error message

Incubator error
activated on LCD or returns error code to
Error code : 8083.
PC.

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Life Science Group

Model 680 and 680 XR

Part Number 100-2414 Revision E

Copyright 2002-2006 by Bio-Rad Laboratories, Incorporated. All rights reserved.

We welcome and appreciate any suggestions you may have to improve

Document: Model 680 and 680 XR Microplate Reader Service Manual

100-2414E 02/06 iii

Section 2 System Overview

Section 4 System Checkout

4.4.4 Startup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Section 5 Preventative Maintenance

Section 6 Removal and Replacement

6.3.15 Photo Sensor (Filter Wheel) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20

Section 7 Adjustment and Calibration

Section 9 Parts Information

1.1 General Information

1.2 Service Philosophy

1.3 Safety and Precautions

The following should be observed when servicing this unit:

100-2414C 03/04 1-1

2.2 Product Description

Figure 1: Model 680/680 XR Microplate Reader

100-2414C 03/04 2-1

2.3 Product Configurations

Table 1: Product Configurations

168-1000 Model 680 Microplate Reader

168-1001 Model 680 Microplate Reader

168-1002 Model 680 Microplate Reader

168-1003 Model 680 Microplate Reader

168-1100 Model 680 XR Microplate Reader

168-1101 Model 680 XR Microplate Reader

2.4 Regulatory Notices

2-2 100-2414C 03/04

2.5 Product Overview

Beer’s Law: Absorbance = Log10 (Io/I)

2.5.3 Memory Backup

1. 10 latest plate reading data for End point protocol

100-2414C 03/04 2-3

2.5.5 RS-232 Interface

RS-232 communication parameters are as follows:

Signals: TDX: Transmit Data

Data: ASCII (no distinction between upper and lower case)

Host Computer Model 680 Reader

2-4 100-2414C 03/04

2.6 Instrument Specifications

100-2414C 03/04 2-5

• Operating Environment: 5oC to 35oC, 0 to 95% RH, non condensing

• Storage Environment: -20oC to 50oC, 0 to 95% RH, non condensing

2-6 100-2414C 03/04

3.2 Visual Check

Table 1 - Filter Installation

Filter Position Model 680 Model 680XR

3. Check to insure filters are properly seated (Figure 1).

Figure 1: Filter Check

100-2414C 03/04 3-1

3.3 Installation Procedure

3.4 Install Paper Roll (Optional Internal Printer)

Figure 2: Orientation of Paper Roll

3-2 100-2414C 03/04

3.5 Computer Interface (Optional)

100-2414C 03/04 3-3

4.2 Tools and Materials

100-2414C 03/04 4-1