Surface Modeling

Hari Kumar Voruganti

References
 Wireframe model
•Defined by vertices, edges
•Edges need not be straight lines
•Ambiguous
•Efficient
 So far…
• Modelling using wireframe entities (curves)
• Used in CAD/CAM systems
Surface Modeling
Surface Modeling
Surface Modeling
Surface Modeling
 Surface Modeling
• Modeling shapes of cars, ships, airplanes etc
• More applications include:
– Mass properties
– Interference check
– Cross-sectional views
– Finite Element Meshes
– CNC Tool paths etc
– Latest: Fashion Design
– More with haptics
 Surface entities
• Analytical (described by analytic equation
such as lines, circles and conics etc)
– Plane, ruled, surfaces of revolution and tabulated
cylinder
• Synthetic (described by data points, splines)
– Hermite, Bezier, B-spline, Coons and Gordons
• Helps in choosing proper surface model
 Surface Entities
1. Plane surface
2. Ruled surface
3. Surface of revolution
4. Tabulated cylinder
5. Bezier surface
6. B-spline surface
7. Coons Patch
8. Fillet surface
9. Offset surface
 Plane surface
• Simplest surface
• 3-points required
• Used in cross-sectional views
 Ruled surface

• Ruled or lofted surface

• Linear surface
• Interpolates linearly between 2 boundary curves
• Rails can be any wireframe entity
• Ideal for no twists and kinks
 Surface of revolution
• Axi-symmetric surface
• Rotate a planar wireframe entity in space
about the axis by a certain angle
 Tabulated cylinder
• Generated by translating a planar curve a
certain distance along a specified direction
 Bezier surface

• Approximates given data

• Synthetic surface
• Similar to Bezier curve
• Does not pass through all points
• General surface
• Global control
Bezier Surface
Properties of Bezier Surface
Bezier Surface
Bezier Surface
 Composite Bezier Surface
• Co and C1
Problems
 B-spline surface
• Approximate or interpolate
• General surface
• Local control
B-spline Surface
B-spline Surface
Local Control in B-spline
Periodic B-spline Surfaces
Periodic Closed B-spline
Closed B-spline Surfaces
NURBS Surface
NURBS Surface
Surface of revolution with NURBS
Surface of revolution with NURBS
Surface of revolution with NURBS
 Coons patch
• Other surfaces are open for
open boundaries or data
points
• Surface from curves that form
closed boundaries
Coons Patch
Composite Coons surface
 Fillet surface
• This is a B-spline surface that blends two
surfaces together
 Offset surface
• Existing surfaces can be offset to create new
ones identical in shape but different in size
• Example- hallow cylinder