Exam 4 Study Guide — PHYS 122 — Fall 2019 — Dr.

Goolsby-Cole

• The seating chart and room assignment for the exam will be posted on Blackboard under the Course
Materials tab — make sure you know where your room is before the day of the exam. If you arrive late,
you will not be given extra time.
• SDS Students: You must inform SDS that you will be taking the exam with them at least two business days
before the exam is scheduled. You must sign up to take the exam at 8:30 AM, since that’s when SDS opens
on Mondays.
• You are allowed a calculator, but no sharing of calculators.
• Cellphones or any other electronic devices are forbidden.
• No index cards or sheet cheat sheets are allowed on the exam. A formula sheet will be provide on the exam.
• Your work must be legible and clearly written. Messy or indecipherable work may receive no credit.
• For multiple choice questions, no work is required and no partial credit will be given.
• For free-response questions, you must show your work in order to receive credit. A correct answer with no
work will receive no credit, while a wrong answer with supporting work might receive partial credit.
• Give numerical results to 2 significant figures with appropriate units. Complete the arithmetic for full credit.

The topics for Exam 4 will come from material from FlipIt Physics, the textbook, and lecture notes.

For FlipIt Physics, it will cover Units 20-25

For the Textbook, it will cover Ch. 17: 1-4; Ch. 18: 1-7 and 9; Ch. 19: 1-7; and Ch. 20: 1 and 4 with the
following exceptions:
• Chapter 17 Section 4: Mean Free Path; The Distribution of Molecular Speeds
• Chapter 18 Section 9: Speed of Sound Waves
• Chapter 20 Section 4: Convection and Radiation

The textbook has many worked out examples which are helpful to read and work through. The best way of
using these examples are to first try to solve the problem by yourself and then look at the solution.
• Chapter 17: 1-2; 4-9
• Chapter 18: 1-9; 11; 13
• Chapter 19: 1-7
• Chapter 20: 1-4; 6-8
 Formula Sheet for Exam 4
! ΔE = ΔK + ΔU = Wnc
Vf QC 1
! COPrefrigerator ≡ ≤
∫
W
! on = − P d V Won engine TH
−1
TC
! ΔU = Q + Won Vi

1 3 QH 1
K
! = mv 2 K
! = k T !
COPheat pump ≡ ≤
2 2 B Won engine 1−
TC
TH
1 dS U 1
! = ! = kBT
T dU d.o.f 2
! K = TC + 273.15
T

dQ 1 dL ! A = 6.022 × 10 23
N
C
! = α
! =
dT L dT
k! B = 1.38 × 10−23 J / K
C 1 dV
c! = β
! =
m V dT ! A kB = R = 8.31 J / mol ⋅ K
N
C
c! mol = ! = 3α
β 3
n c! V,mol = R = 12.47 J / mol ⋅ K
dQ
2
! liquid→gas = L v mliquid
ΔQ dt dT
! =−κ 5
A dx c! P,mol = R = 20.79 J / mol ⋅ K
2
! solid→liquid = Lf msolid
ΔQ
Wby engine TC
ϵ! = ≤1− c! P,mol − cV,mol = R
! PV = N kBT = n RT QH TH
c! mol = 3NA kB = 24.9 J / mol ⋅ K


Exam 4 Learning Objectives

Common questions students have for a particular course are: “What exactly will this course cover?” and “What
is going to be on the exams?”. The course learning objectives will be used to address these questions. A
learning objective is a statement of what you should be able to do for a particular concept or topic. Below are a
list of learning objectives that you should be able to do for exam 4. As you might recall from the syllabus, the
three main learning objectives for the course as a whole that this exam will cover are:

1. Apply the first law of thermodynamics, ideal gas law, and ideas of molar heat capacity to thermal
processes with ideal gases.

2. Analyze the performance of thermodynamic cycles.


The learning objectives below are a more detailed description of the various topics and concepts we have
covered so far in this course. When writing questions for exam 4, I will primarily rely on the following learning
objectives. For each learning objective, they should be read as follows: “On the exam, I should be able to…”.

• Introduction to Thermodynamics (Unit 20)

- Describe how the energy principle must change in order to account for the change in internal energy and
heat
 - Calculate the change in internal energy for a system
- Apply the first law of thermodynamics to determine the change in internal energy
- Describe how the internal energy is related to temperature

• Heat and Temperature (Unit 21)

- Describe how the temperature changes for an object undergoing a phase transition
- Use the principles of calorimetry to calculate the initial and final temperatures for an isolated system

• Ideal Gas (Unit 22)

- Calculate the kinetic energy for an ideal gas
- Apply equipartition to determine the internal energy for an ideal gas
- Describe what an isobaric, isothermal, and isochoric processes is and be able to calculate the work, heat,
and change in internal energy for each
- Calculate the work done on (or by) a gas

• Equipartition, Heat Capacity, and Conduction (Unit 23)

- Describe an adiabatic process and calculate the work, heat, and change in internal energy for this process
- Apply equipartition to diatomic gases and solids to determine their internal energy and heat capacities
- Calculate the change in length or volume for an object changing temperature
- Reason qualitatively and quantitively with the thermal conduction equation

• Heat Engines (Unit 24)

- Draw and interpret energy diagrams for a heat engine
- Analyze heat engines from the perspective of the first and second laws of thermodynamics
- Calculate the actual efficiency of a heat engine and the maximum (Carnot) efficiency
- Represent a heat engine with a PV diagram and determine 𝚫U, W, and Q for any process depicted on the
diagram.
- Be able to identify and determine relevant heat engine parameters from a PV diagram such as QH, QC,
Wby engine, etc.

• Reversible Processes (Unit 25)

- Draw and interpret diagrams representing energy flows in refrigerators and heat pumps
- Analyze refrigerators and heat pumps from the perspective of the first law; reason with the definitions of
coefficient of performance (COP) for refrigerators and heat pumps.
- Determine relevant refrigerator and heat pump parameters (e.g., QH, QC, Won, etc.)
- Apply the second law to refrigerators and heat pumps