SUCCESSION SYLLABUS:

By: Atty. Ma. Caridad SJ. Villamor-Yee

A. CONCEPT OF SUCCESSION:

A. Law that govern Succession - Arts. 2253, 2263 NCC

B. Definition and Nature of Succession - Art. 774 NCC

C. Reason for Succession

D. Characteristics of Succession - Art. 774 NCC

1. a mode of acquiring ownership
2. a gratuitous transmission
3. a transmission of property, rights, and obligations to another
to the extent of the value of inheritance
4. a transmission by virtue of death vs. transmission inter vivos
5. a transmission that occurs either by will or by law

E. Opening of Succession

F. Elements of Succession
(Requisites for Transmission of Successional Rights)

1. Death - Arts. 777, 781, 390, 391

a. Actual
b. Constructive
c. Effects - Arts. 1347, 1461

2. Subjective Elements of Succession

a.) decedent - Art. 775
b.) heirs Arts. 782, 887, 902, 1003
i. compulsory heirs - Art. 887, 902, 992 NCC
-Relationship - Arts. 963-967 NCC
-LEGITIME:
A. General
B. Persons entitled to Legitime
C. Rules of Exclusion and Concurrence
D. Amounts of Legitimes
E. Computation of Legitime
F. Restrictions regarding legitime - Arts. 904,
872, 905-907, 1347 NCC
G. Collation
1. Collations as Computation
2. Collation as Imputation or Charging
3. Collation as Restitution
ii. Voluntary heirs
iii. Legatees
iv. Devisees

-Institution of Heirs
1. General Rule
2. Scope of Right to Institute Heirs
3. Manner of Institution of Heirs
4. Disposition in favor of an unknown
5. Disposition in favor of definite class
6. False Cause
5. Individuality/Simultaneity/Equality of

Institution
6. Legacy/ Device
7. Kinds of Institution
a. Simple or pure
b. Conditional
c. With a Term
d. Modal

- IV. PRINCIPLES AFFECTING LEGITIME &

INSTITUTION

A. PRETERITION
1. Definition
2. Requisites
3. Effects

B. RESERVA TRONCAL
1. Concept and Purpose
2. Elements
3. Transmissions
4. Rights and Duties of Reservista
5. Right of Reservatarios
6. Extinguishment
7. Reserva maxima vs. Reserva minima

C. DISINHERITANCE

1. Concept
2. Requisites
3. Ineffective Disinheritance
4. Representation
5. Causes for Disinheritance
6. Reconciliation

D. Substitution of Heirs
 1. Concept
2. Kinds
a. Simple
b. Brief
c. Reciprocal
d. Fideicommissary
i. Elements
ii. Limitations
3. Prohibition Against AlienatioN

- c.) capacity to succeed

i. capacity - living and qualified - Arts. 1025, 40,
41, 1024 NCC
ii. Incapacity / Disqualification - Art. 1024
- Disqualification due to possible Influence -
Art. 1027 NCC
- Disqualification due to Moral Grounds -
Arts. 1028, 739 NCC
- Disqualification due to Unworthiness -
Art. 1032-1040;
- Disaqualification due to Disinheritance -
Art. 915- 923
a. Causes for Disinheritance
iii. Law and Time applicable to determine
capacity - Arts. 1034, 1039, 16 (2) NCC
iv. Effects of Alienation by disqualified heir
Art. 1038
v. Prescription of Action Art. 1040

3. Objective Elements of Succession

- Inheritance - Article 776, 781
4. Acceptance and Repudiation of Inheritance -
Arts. 1041 - 1057 NCC
- concept
- capacity to accept or repudiate
- forms of repudiation
- Repudiation prejudicial to creditors

G. Kinds of Succession, Art. 778 Ncc

1. Testamentary - Art. 779
2. Legal or Intestate Art. 960
3. Mixed - Art. 780
4. Contractual, Art. 130, 1347, 752 NCC, 84 FC

H. TESTAMENTARY SUCCESSION:

A. Definition
B. Wills vs. Succession
C. Characteristics of a Will
1. Purely statutory
2. Purely personal
3. Free and intelligent
4. Disposes of property
5. Revocable and ambulatory
6. Formal or solemn
7. Executed with testamentary capacity
8. Executed with animus testandi
9. Unilateral
10. Mortis causa
11. Individual
D. Construction and Interpretation
E. Law Governing Extrinsic Validity
a. As to time of execution - Art. 795
b. As to place of execution - Art. 810, 815-819, 17
F. Law Governing Intrinsic Validity
a. As to time - Art. 2263
b. Place of Execution - Art. 16
G. Capacity to make a Will
a. Requisites - Art. 796-803
b. Supervening incapacity
H. Forms of Wills
1. Kinds of Wills - Art. 804, 810 NCC
2. Formal Requisites of Notarial Will
a. Signing by the Testator
b. Attestation and Subscription by Three Witnesses
c. Signature on Every page
d. Pagination
e. Attestation Clause
f. Acknowledgment
3. Requirements for Handicapped Testator
4. Witnesses to Wills
a. Qualifications
b. Time of Determining Qualifications
c. Devisees and Legatees as Witnesses
d. Creditors as Witnesses
5. Formal Requirements of Holographic Wills
a. General Requirements
b. Specific Requirements
6. Substantial Compliance Rule
7. Probate
a. Concept of Probate
b. Need for Probate
c. Modes of Probate
d. Requirements for probate
e. Effect of Allowance/Disallowance of Wills
I. Interpretation
 1. Giving effect to the will
2. Ambiguity or uncertainty
3. Scope and extent
J. Codicil and Incorporation by Reference
K. Revocation of Wills and Testamentary Dispositions
1. Right to Revoke
2. Manner of Revocation
3. Governing Law
4. Implied Revocation
5. Effect of Revocation
6. Doctrine of Dependent Relative Revocation
L. Republication and Revival of Wills
M. Allowance and Disallowance of Wills

I. LEGAL OR INTESTATE SUCCESSION

A. General Concept
B. Basis
C. Instances of Intestate Succession
D. Intestate Heirs
E. General Rules of Intestate Succession
a. Preference of Lines
b. Proximity
c. Equal Division and its limitations
F. Order of Intestate Succession
a. Direct Descending Line
b. Direct Ascending
c. Illegitimate Children
i. Succession by Illegitimate Children
ii. Succession to the Estate of Illegitimate Child
d. Surviving Spouse
e. Collateral Relatives
f. State
G. Accretion
H. Representation

J. PARTITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF ESTATE

A. Co-ownership before Partition

B. Concept of Partition
C. Persons who could effect Partition
D. Manner of Partition
E. Effects of Partition
F. Rescission or Nullity of Partition