Random Variable

a quantity having a numerical value for each member of a group, especially one whose
values occur according to a frequency distribution.

Continuous Variable

A continuous variable is one which can take on infinitely many, uncountable values.
For example, a variable over a non-empty range of the real numbers is continuous,
if it can take on any value in that range. The reason is that any range of real numbers
between and with is infinite and uncountable.

Probability Distribution

a function of a discrete variable whose integral over any interval is the probability that
the random variable specified by it will lie within that interval.

Statistic

A statistic is a characteristic of a sample. Generally, a statistic is used to estimate the

value of a population parameter. For instance, suppose we selected a random sample
of 100 students from a school with 1000 students. The average height of the sampled
students would be an example of a statistic.

Statistics

Statistics is the discipline that concerns the collection, organization, displaying,

analysis, interpretation and presentation of data. In applying statistics to a scientific,
industrial, or social problem, it is conventional to begin with a statistical population or a
statistical model to be studied.

Parameter

a numerical or other measurable factor forming one of a set that defines a system or
sets the conditions of its operation.

Probability

is the branch of mathematics that studies the possible outcomes of given events
together with the outcomes' relative likelihoods and distributions.
Discrete Variable

Discrete Variable. Discrete Variable. Variables that can only take on a finite number
of values are called "discrete variables." All qualitative variables are discrete. Some
quantitative variables are discrete, such as performance rated as 1,2,3,4, or 5, or
temperature rounded to the nearest degree.

Probability Histogram

is a graph that shows the probability of each outcome on the y -axis.

Quantitative Variable

Variables that have are measured on a numeric or quantitative scale. Ordinal,

interval and ratio scales are quantitative. A country's population, a person's shoe size,
or a car's speed are all quantitative variables. Variables that are not quantitative are
known as qualitative variables.

Qualitative Variable

A qualitative variable, also called a categorical variable, are variables that are not
numerical. It describes data that fits into categories. For example: Eye colors (variables
include: blue, green, brown, hazel).

Independent Variable

a variable (often denoted by x ) whose variation does not depend on that of another.

Dependent Variable a dependent variable is what you measure in the experiment and what
is affected during the experiment. The dependent variable responds to the independent
variable. It is called dependent because it "depends" on the independent variable. In a
scientific experiment, you cannot have a dependent variable without an independent variable.

Variable

a variable is a symbol used to represent an arbitrary element of a Set In addition

to Numbers variables are commonly used to represent Vectors and Matrices
and Functions.

Sample

In statistics and quantitative research methodology, a data sample is a set of data

collected and the world selected from a statistical population by a defined procedure.
The elements of a sample are known as sample points, sampling units or observations.