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Assignment on State Variable Analysis
1. Consider the electrical network shown in Figure 1 below. Choose state variables as current through
inductors and voltage across capacitor respectively. Determine the state space model of the electrical
network, where voltage across resistor is the output.
Ω
Figure 1
2. Two carts with negligible rolling friction are connected as shown in Figure 2 below. Choose state
variables as position of cart 1, position of cart 2, velocity of cart 1 and velocity of cart 2 respectively.
Determine the state variable matrix differential equation of the mechanical system, where position of
cart 2 is the output.
Figure 2
3. Find the state space representation in controllable phase variable form and observable phase
variable form for the system described by the transfer function as shown in Figure 3 below.
U S S 2 7S 2 Y S
S 3 9 S 2 26 S 24
Figure 3
1
4. Find the state space representation in canonical variable form in two different methods for the
system described by the transfer function as shown in Figure 4 below.
U S 30( S 1) Y S
( s 5)( S 2)( S 3)
Figure 4
5. Find the state space representation in cascaded form for the system described by the transfer
function as shown in Figure 5 below.
U S 24 Y S
( s 2)( S 3)( S 4)
Figure 5
6. A System described by the state model given below is excited by a unit step input. Determine its state
response x(t) and output response y(t).
2 0 x1 t 1 1
x t u t x(0)
1 1 x2 t 0 0
yt 0 1xt
7. A hovering vehicle control system is represented by the state model as given below
0 6 x1 t 3
x t u t
1 5 x 2 t 0
yt 0 2xt
Is this system stable? If stable, determine its steady state error to a unit step input, unit ramp input
using the (i) Final value theorem and (ii) Substitution method.
8. Design a control law, using state feedback, to obtain a peak overshoot Mp of 5% and a settling time
Ts of 0.3 second for the plant given by the following transfer function
100 ( S 10)
G (s)
S ( S 3)( S 12)
9. Design an observer that responds 10 times faster than the controlled loop having a state feedback
controller, which yield 20.8% of overshoot and settling time of 4 seconds for the plant given by the
following transfer function.
( S 6)
G (s)
( S 7)( S 8)( S 9)
2