Académique Documents
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Bleaching”
The current problems that mostly worries to the Processing Houses are as per the
GOVT Norms. Shade-matching in buyer defined illuminants( Matching
Light Box).
Shade tolerance limits for shade passing.
Strict limits of various Color-fastness properties.
Lowest Processing cost.
Lowest load in effluent water
Meeting the various buyer-defined pre-requisites like GOTS, Oko-Tex standards
Hence for the survival of the Processors therefore lie in the ability to Prepare Right
Fabric for dyeing
Select Right Dyes and Chemicals for various fastness requirements.
Maximize the Right First Time (RFT) dyeing both in lab and bulk dyeing.
The “Garbage in, Garbage out”, “what we sow that we reap” – all these sayings would
be proved true in the case of quality pretreatment.
It has been told that dyeing is the mirror image of preparatory treatment.
Unless the preparatory fabric is excellent, one cannot achieve proper dyeing and
finishing.Bleaching Technique
If the water hardness is above 100ppm, then a suitable sequestering agent “Sequel 200” should
also be added to the above recipe (0.5 to 1.0g/l).
So, this is the optimum process requirement for good quality fabric/yarn.
Bleaching Machines
CBR. JT-10, Jigger, winch, soft-flow, cabinet and continuous bleaching ranges etc. are some of
the routine machines used for textile bleaching.
The maximum bleaching activity from hydrogen peroxide is obtained generally at 70 to 80 O C etc.
At about pH 11.5.
In practice this alkalinity level is altered to suit fiber sensitivity and bleaching process
requirements; e.g. wool, cotton, amount of seed presence etc.
S
election of the alkali to be used in peroxide bleaching is dependent therefore on the fibers or the
blend being bleached. Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium carbonate will be used generally on
cellulose fibers, whilst ammonia and tetra sodium pyrophosphate are used when bleaching protein
fibers.