CHAPTER 1

PRELIMINARY
1. Background
In Euclidean Geometry, a circle is a set of all points on plane within a certain
distance, called a center. A circle is an example of simple closed curve, dividing the plane
into the inside and the outside.
2. Problem
a. Circle elements
b. Circumference
c. Area of circle
3. Formulation of the problem
a. What are the circle elements?
b. How to calculate the circumference and area of circle?
4. Destination
a. We will know the elements of the circle
b. We will know how to calculate the circumference and area of a circle

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 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
A. Understanding and Circle Elements
The circle is one simple close curve that divides the plane into two parts, namely the
inside and the outside. The name of the usual circle matches the name of the center point.
Fixed distance between points on the circle and the center of the circle is called the radius,
usually symbolized r.
Besides the center and the radius, there are still many terms related to the circle that
we will study. With an understanding of these terms we can solve various problems related
to circles.
Circle elements as follows:
1. Center Point

The center point of the circle is the point located in the middle of the circle.
2. Arc

Characteristic:
 In the form of a curve
 Coincide with the circle
 If less than a half circle (minor arc), if more than half a circle (mayor bow)
3. Radius
Characteristic:
 In the form of line space
 Connecting two points on the circle through the center of the circle

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4. Diameter
Characteristic:
 In the form of line space
 Connect two points on the circle through the center of the circle
5. Bowstring

Characteristic:
 In the form of line space
 Connect two points on the circle
6. Apothema

Characteristic:
 In the form of line space
 Connect the central point with one point on the bowstring
 Perpendicular to the bowstring
7. Canned

Canned is an area in a circle that is bounded by a bowstring and also a bow circle.

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8. Juring

Juring is an area in a circle that is bounded by two circle and the arc is enclosed by the
two fingers of the circle.

B. Circumference
Formula circumference
𝑘 = 𝜋𝑑
𝑘 = 2𝜋𝑟
Example:
1. A circle has a diameter of 7 cm, then the circumference of the circle is...
Answer :
𝐾 = 𝜋𝐷
22
𝐾= .7
7
𝐾 = 22 𝑐𝑚

C. Area Of Circle
Formula area of circle
𝐿 = 𝜋𝑟 2

1 2
𝐿= 𝜋𝐷
4
Example:
1. A circle has a radius of 7 cm, what is the area of the circle?
Answer :
𝐿 = 𝜋𝑟 2
22 2
𝐿= .7
7
𝐿 = 154 𝑐𝑚2

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 CHAPTER III
CLOSING
CONCLUSION
The circle is one simple close curve that divides the plane into two parts, namely the
inside and the outside. Circle also has elements such as a arc, radius, diameter, bowstring, and
apothema.
The circle also has a circumference formula, that is

𝐾 = 𝜋𝑑
𝐾 = 2𝜋𝑟
And area of circle, that is
𝐿 = 𝜋𝑟 2

1 2
𝐿= 𝜋𝐷
4

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 References
Book:
Taufiq, Ibnu/2017/Buku Guru Matematika/Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan/ Jakarta
Internet:
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingkaran
https://www.academia.edu/11876117/makalah_lingkaran