DR.

BHARTI GADA’S PRIVATE TUTORIALS

M.SC.(DIETETICS), CDE, M.D.(N.C.), B.PHARM,CFN, CBE -(USA).
COACHING FOR VIII,IX,X, BIOLOGY (ICSE, IGCSE) M- 09322042356.
TEST SERIES CRASH COURSE DOUBT SOLVING.
bhartigada@hotmail.com
BIOLOGY TEST
Time : 1 hr 30 mins SELINA PAPER SET 1 Total Marks 80

SECTION – A (40 marks)

(Attempt all questions from this section)
Q. 1)
(A) Answer the following : [13 mks]
(1) Uncontrolled non-stop cell cycles may lead to tumors that may or may not be cancerous.
(2) The shape of DNA was studied by Rosalind Franklin and the structure was finally worked out by
Watson and Crick.
(3) At night the potassium ions (K+ ions) leak out thus reducing the turgor of guard cells and the stomatal
pore closes.
(4) (1) The small size of RBC provides a large surface area which makes them very efficient in absorbing
oxygen. (2) The small size enables the RBC to travel through very fine capillaries in the body where
they have to travel in a single file. [ANY ONE]
(5) Extra amino acids cannot be stored in the body. They are broken down in the liver to produce usable
(also storable) glucose, and the urea that has to be excreted out.
(6) Fluid filled cavities in the brain are called as ventricles.
(7) Complex reflex action involves neurons at different levels of the spinal cord. Virtually, all the skeletal
muscles are involved in this reflex. Example While walking in the dark on a road, if you happen to
step on a coiled piece of rope, you suddenly jump aside with the fear of a suspected snake.
(8) The ringing experiment in which we cut a ring round the stem of a healthy potted plant or around a
thin twig of guava or any other tree, deep enough to penetrate the phloem and cambium but not the
xylem. This process is called girdling. / Removal of phloem is called as girdling.
(9) Male and female sexes often show outwardly differentiating features called secondary sexual
characters.
(10) A few days soon after ovulation (12th or 13th day after the onset of menstruation are most favourable
for conception.
(11) The placenta is formed of two sets of minute finger-like processes, the villi.
(12) (1) Protects the embryo from physical damage by jerks or mechanical shocks.
(2) Keeps even pressure all around the embryo.
(3) Allows the foetus, some restricted movement.
(4) Prevents sticking of the foetus to the amnion. [ANY TWO]
(13) Resource is any substance (natural or artificial), energy or organism which is used by humans for
their welfare.

(B) Multiple Choice : [1 mk]

(1) (b) 200 to about 400

(C) Fill in the blanks : [5 mks]

(1) palisade cells
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 (2) six
(3) stoma
(4) 5 to 6
(5) sphincter
(D) Define the following : [6 mks]
(1) Chromosomes are the highly condensed coiled chromatin fibres.
(2) Abnormally increased number of RBCs is called polycythaemia.
(3) It is the inflammation of meninges.
(4) Resistance of the body towards the onset of diseases. OR It is the body‟s resistance to the onset of a
disease after infection by harmful germs.
(5) „Antitoxin‟ was the name given to any chemical substance produced inside the body in response to the
entry of foreign poisonous substance.
(6) Sustainable development means the kind of development that meets the need of the present without
compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own needs.

(E) Name the following : [5 mks]

(1) Calcium Ions / Calcium
(2) Cranium
(3) Viral dengue fever / Malaria
(4) Thrombus
(5) Food chain
(F) Write the exact location for the following : [3 mks]
(1) They are the packing tissues between the coils of the seminiferous tubules in the lobules of the testis.
(2) A pair of small ovoid glands below the prostate gland opening into the urethra.
(3) It is a hollow muscular tube extending from the Cervix of the uterus to a part of the external female
genitalia.

(G) Complete the following paragraph (write only the answers) : [5 mks]
(1) nitrates / phosphates / ammonium salts
(2) rain
(3) lakes / ponds
(4) bacteria
(5) fish and other water animals.

(H) True or False : [2 mks]

(1) False
(2) True

SECTION – B (Marks-40)
(Attempt any four questions from this section)

Q. 2) (a) Give the generalized principles based on the breeding experiments. [5 mks]
Ans: (i) Each pair of contrasting characters depends on a pair of genes.
(ii) Each individual carries such genes in duplicate.
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 (iii) An individual produces gametes (sex cells) which have only one member of a pair of genes.
(iv) Fertilisation of the gametes restores the duplicate condition of the genes.
(v) Sex cells with respect to the genes they contain, get fertilized at random.

Q. 2) (b) (A) EXTERNAL FACTORS : [5 mks]

(i) & (ii) Light Intensity & Carbon dioxide concentration – The rate of photosynthesis will increase
with light intensity up to a certain limit only and then it gets stabilised at the point S‟ (0.02% CO 2), but if at
this point the CO2 concentration is increased, the photosynthesis also increases further and again gets
stabilised at a point S‟ (0.05% CO2) for the two factors together.
(iii) Temperature – With the rise in temperature, the rate of photosynthesis rises. This rise occurs up to
the optimum temperature of 35°C after which the rate falls and stops above 40°C.
(iv) Water content – The scarcity of water due to reduced absorption from the soil or due to an excessive
loss through transpiration reduces the rate of photosynthesis by decreasing diffusive capacity due to the
closure of stomata.
(B) INTERNAL FACTORS :
(i) Chlorophyll – Nutritional deficiencies of minerals cause loss of chlorophyll and hence the drop in
trapping solar energy.
(ii) Protoplasm – Dehydration of protoplasm for some reason reduces the rate of photosynthesis.
Similarly the accumulation of carbohydrates (sugar and starch) also reduces the rate of photosynthesis.
(iii) Structure of leaf – The thickness of cuticle, the distribution of stomata and the size of the leaf
influence the amount of light and the amount of CO2 entering the leaf.

Q. 3) (a) (i) Clot serves to prevent - (a) further loss of blood and (b) the entry of disease causing germs.

Q. 3) (b) (i) A knowledge of the basic Mendelian principles gives us an idea about the new combinations
in the progeny of hybrids and enables us to predict their frequency.
(ii) Such information is of great importance to both plant and animal breeders for producing better breeds.
(iii) New types of plants with new combinations of useful characters can be produced by hybridisation.

Q. 3) (c) (i) a huge surface area provided by rootlets and root hairs OR Surface area of roots is enormous.
(ii) Root-hairs contain cell sap of a higher concentration than that of the surrounding water.
(iii) Root-hairs have thin walls. (Like all plant cells, root-hairs also have two outer layers – a cell wall and
a cell membrane. The cell wall is thin and permeable. It allows the movement of water molecules and
dissolved substances freely in and out of the cell.

Q. 3) (d) Pelvis - The front end of the ureter is somewhat expanded into the kidney & is called the pelvis
Kidney - They are bean shaped organs located on either side of the backbone & protected by the last two
ribs.

Q. 4) (a) Give Reason : [5 mks]

(1) There are more stomatal openings on the undersurface of a dicot leaf and therefore, more transpiration
occurs from the undersurface.
(2) Chlorophylls absorb light at both ends of the visible spectrum that is BLUE and RED light, and reflect
away the green light [KEY WORD]. That is why, chlorophyll appears green. The absorbed blue and
red lights are most effective for photosynthesis.
(3) Yes, smaller the size, faster the heart rate. This is because smaller the animal, the more it loses its
body heat due to higher surface volume ratio, and therefore, the increased heart-rate distributes body heat
faster. Secondly, the young growing stages, such as the human baby, have higher metabolism for body

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 growth and therefore, the faster heart rate keeps the “supply” and “take off” of the metabolic substances in
right quantities.
(4) Wooden doors swell up in rainy season due to imbibition. / [Imbibition is a phenomenon by which the
living or dead plant cells absorb water by surface attraction.]
(5) No, secondary sexual characters are not to be considered as reproductive parts. Secondary sexual
characters throughout the animal world serve to identify and attract sex partners. They do not
participate in reproduction. Body smells, calling sounds, skin colouration, body contour, behavioural
patterns etc. are some such sex clues.

Q. 4) (b) Labelled the parts from 1 to 10 : [5 mks]

Ans: (1) Muscular wall of Uterus; (2) Placenta; (3) Allantois; (4) Yolk Sac;
(5) Umbilical Cord; (6) Vein; (7) Artery; (8) Amnion; (9) Chorion;
(10) Amniotic Fluid

Q. 5) (a) The defence system in our body works at two levels : [5 mks]
(A) Local Defence system (Prevention of entry of germs) – This is a kind of barrier system which tackles
the germs at their possible entry points. It includes :
(i) Protective mechanical barriers – SELINA PAGE 176
(ii) thrown out, if entered by sneezing etc. – SELINA PAGE 177
(iii) germ-killing secretions and – SELINA PAGE 177
(iv) germ-fighting WBCs. – SELINA PAGE 177
(B) Immune system – It deals with the germs after they have entered into the body tissues. – SELINA
PAGE 178
Q. 5) (b) Complete the following table : [5 mks]
Body parts Effects of adrenaline
(1) Heart Beats faster
Blood pressure increases
(2) Breathing centre of the brain Faster and deeper breathing
(3) Arterioles of the digestive system Constricts them
(4) Fat deposit Conversion of fats into fatty acids
(5) Liver Conversion of glycogen to glucose

Q. 6) Briefly explain the following : [10 mks]

(1) No, the cell cycle cannot go on endlessly. At some places it stops permanently, at some places
temporarily and at others till it is needed. There is a regulatory mechanism for cell cycles.
Brain & nerve cells, once formed in the embryo do not divide further. Once dead, they are not
replaced.
(2) (i) Reflexes below the neck.
(ii) Conducts sensory impulses from the skin and muscles to the brain.
(iii) Conducts motor responses from the brain to muscles of the trunk and limbs. [ANY TWO]
(3) There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves. 8 pairs in the neck region, 12 pairs in the thorax, 5 pairs in the
lumbar region, 5 pairs in the sacral and 1 pair in the coccygeal region.
(4) (i) Turgidity provides rigidity to soft tissues such as the leaves. – [SELINA PAGE 43]
(ii) Turgor pressure helps to push through the hard ground as in mushrooms and in a seedling. –
[SELINA PAGE 43]
(iii) Turgor in root cells builds up root pressure. – [SELINA PAGE 43]
(iv) Turgor in the opening and closing of stomata – [SELINA PAGE 43]
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 (v) Turgor movement – [SELINA PAGE 43]
(5) (1) The placenta allows diffusion of substance like Oxygen and nutrients such as glucose,
amino acids, vitamins, mineral ions etc. from the mother to the foetus for utilisation.
(2) It allows diffusion of respiratory gases like Carbon dioxide and Urea & other wastes from
foetus to the mother for elimination.
(3) Also acts as an endocrine gland. [ANY TWO]

Q. 7) Short Answer type : [8 mks]

(1) The period of a menstrual cycle is counted from the day of the onset of the flow to the next onset after
28 days. This period can be divided into four main phases.
(i) Menstrual phase – It lasts for 3-5 days during which blood is discharged.
(ii) Follicular phase – It lasts for 5th to 12th day.
(iii) Ovulatory phase – On about 13th or 14th day, the follicle ruptures (ovulation) and the released egg
travels down the oviduct.
(iv) Luteal phase – It lasts from 15-28 days.
(2) Blood in our body circulates in a closed manner i.e. all the time through blood vessels. Such a type of
blood circulation is called a closed vascular system.
(3) When a clot is formed on the wound, the flow of blood is stopped. If the clot is not formed the injured
person would bleed to death.
(4) An Rh-negative woman may become sensitive if she carries an Rh-positive child in her uterus (when
the husband is Rh-positive). The first Rh-positive child will be normal, but if it sensitizes the mother,
the second positive child if conceived soon , may have blood trouble, sometimes leading to the death
of foetus and abortion.
(5) Give examples for the following : [2 mks]
(i) Coleus, Geranium and Croton [ANY TWO]
(ii) Egg membrane, Goat‟s bladder, Placenta, Visking bag, Cellophane paper, Parchment paper, Cell
membrane/Plasma membrane [ANY FOUR]

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