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TIMELINE-
Q1. How did the first world war help in the growth of National Movement in India ?
Ans. 1. The war created a new political and economic situation.
2. War led to huge increase in defence expenditure which was financed by war
loans and increasing taxes like custom duties and introduction of Income tax.
3. Increase in price between year 1913-1918- leading to extreme hardship for the
common people.
4. Forced recruitment - Villages were called upon to supply soldiers and the
forced recruitment in rural areas caused anger among villagers.
5. Failure of crops in 1918-1919 and 1920-21, led to acute shortage of food.
6. Spread of Epidemic - Acc. To the census of 1921, 12 to 13 million people
perished as a result of the famines and the epidemic.
Q2. When did Gandhiji come to India ? Discuss his new mode of struggle.
Ans. 1. Mahatama Gandhiji came to India in January 1915.
2. His new mode of struggle was satyagraha.
3. The idea of satyagraha emphsised the power of truth and need to search for
truth.
4. Acc. To satyagraha , if the cause was true, if the struggle was against injustice,
then physical force was not necessary to fight the oppressor.
5. Without being aggressive, a satyagrahi could win battle through non-
violence.
Q4. Discuss the Indians reaction to the Rowlatt Act. How did the british suppress their
movement.
Ans. 1. Rallies were organized in various cities, workers went on strike in railway
workshops, and shops closed down.
2. The alarmed British admi9nistration responded by repressive measures. Like
local leaders were picked up from Amritsar Mahatama Gandhi was barred
from entering Delhi, on 10th April, the police in Amritsar fired upon a peaceful
procession.
3. Martial law was imposed .
Effects – foreign goods were boycotted, liquor shops picketed, and foreign cloth burnt in
huge bonfires. The import of foreign cloth halved between 1921 and 1922. Many
merchants and traders refused to trade in foreign goods or finance foreign trade. Indians
discarded imported clothes and wearing only Indian ones, as a result production of Indian
Textile mills and handlooms went up.
Leader - The tribal movement was led by Alluri Sitaram Raju. He claimed that he had a
variety of special powers. He could make correct astrological predictions and heal people,
and he could survive even bullet shots. The rebels proclaimed he was an incarnation of
God.
Q8. Explain the condition of the plantation workers during the colonial rule. Describe in brief
their movement against british.
Ans. a. Workers in plantations had to live and work under harsh conditions.
b. They were confined within enclosed areas- freedom of movement was restricted.
c. Inland Emigration Act (1859) – Under this act, tea plantations workers were not
permitted to leave the tea garden without permission
Q1. Examine the role of following in the Civil- disobedience Movement What were their
hopes and expectation for the civil – disobedience movement.
a. The rich peasants
b. The poor peasants
c. The businessmen
d. Industrial working class
e. Women
Q3. How did idea of nationalism develop through a movement to revive Indian folklore ?
Ans. 1. In late 19th century India, nationalists began recording folktales sung by bards and they
toured villages to gather folk songs and legends.
2. These tales , they believed, gave a true picture of traditional culture that had been
corrupted and damaged by the outside forces.
3. It was essential to preserve this folk tradition in order to discover one’s national
identity and restore a sense of pride in one’s past.
4. In Bengal Rabindranath Tagore himself collected ballads, nursery rhymes and myths,
and led the movement for folk revival.
SOURCE PAGE 55 :-
Q1. Who explained Satyagraha ?
Ans. Gandhiji
Q2. Define satyagraha.
Ans. Satyagraha is a pure soul force. Truth is the very substance of the soul. It implies
Non-violence.
Q3. Is the satyagraha a weapon of the weak ?
Ans. Non violence is Active resistance, it calls for intense activity. It can be used by strong
only.
Q4. What is Non-violence ?
Ans. It is the supreme drama. No one should hit others.
SOURCE PAGE 59 :-
Q1. Why was J.L. Nehru stopped by the police ?
Ans. He was stopped by the police, so that the law and order should not be disturbed .
Q2. Who behaved as brave man ?
Ans. The peasants.
Q3. Who was the great leader about whom Nehru Ji thought ?
Ans. Gandhiji was the Great Leader.
Q4. What was the moment , when Nehru ji’s blood was up ?
Ans. When police stopped Nehru ji, he became agitated and angry.
SOURCE PAGE 63 :-
Q1. Mention the year of the Independence day Pledge.
Ans. 26 January, 1930 at Lahore Session.
Q2. What is the inalienable right of the Indian people.
Ans. To have freedom and to enjoy the fruits of their toil and have the necessities of life.
Q3. How British Govt. ruined and exploited India on different points ?
Ans. They exploited the masses and has ruined India, economically , politically, and
Culturally.
Q4. How can we get Purna Swaraj ?
Ans. India must sever the British connection to attain Purna Swaraj.
Q5. In what two ways the British rule in India oppressive ?
Ans. The British Govt. deprived the Indian people of their freedom and also exploited them
economically.
SOURCE PAGE 69
Q1. Who spoke above words ?
Ans. Sir Mohd. Iqbal , Presidence of the Muslim League .
Q2. What did he think about the units of Indian Society ?
Ans. In his opinion the units of the Indian society were not territorial as in the European
countries.
Q3. Why did he wanted to retain separate electorates for the Muslims ?
Ans. Because of their (Muslims) general economic inferiority, enormous debts and their
insufficient majority to justify the demand for the creation of a Muslim India within
India.
ASSIGNMENT -1
ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS IN 30-40 WORDS :-(1 MARK)
Q1. Mention any two causes for the rise of nationalism in British rule in India ?
Q2. What do you mean by the term ‘Satyagraha’ ?
Q3. What was Rowlatt Act’ ?
Q4. Why was non-cooperation movement started ?
Q5. What led to the withdrawal of the Non-Cooperation Movement by Gandhiji in 1922 ?
Q6. Why was the Simon Commission set up by the British .
Q7. What is the importance of the Lahore Session in the Indian National Movement ?
Q8. Why did Gandhiji Start the Dandi March ?
Q9. Name the two organisations set up by the industrialists .
Q10. When and who formed the Swaraj Party ?
Q11. What was Gandhi-Irwin Pact ?
Q12. Name the leaders of Kilafat and Non-cooperation Movememt.
Q13. Name the association started by B.R.Amedkar.
Q14. Who wrote Vande Matram ?
Q15. What do you mean by ‘Purna Swaraj’
Q1. When did Gandhiji return to India ? What were the his activities during the period 1915-
1918 in the freedom movement ?
Q2. Who were Swarajists ? What were their achievements in the national movement ?
Q3. What were the reaction of the Simon Commission by various political parties ?
Q4. What do you mean by the sense of collective Belonging ?
Q5. Discuss the impact of the First World war on our Indian National Movment.
Q6. How was the salt movement spread and how did the people view it ?
Q7. How did ‘Separate electorate ‘ lead to partition ?
Q8. Mention the steps taken by B.R.Amedkar for the upliftment of Backward classes.
Q9. Write a note on Poona Pact.
LESSON-2
THE NATIONALIST MOVEMENT IN INDO-CHINA
Q2. What does the early history of Indo-china Show about their culture and people.?
Ans. a. Its early history shows that many different groups of people were living their .
b. They were living in this area under the shadow of the powerful empire of China.
c. Even after independence, its rulers continued to maintain the Chinese system of
Government as well as Chinese-culture.
Q5. Why and how did the French develop infrastructure in Vietnam ?
Ans. a. French build canals and draining lands in the Mekong delta to increase cultivation.
c. The vast system of irrigation works – canals and earthworks built with forced labour,
Increased rice production and allowed the export of rice to the international market.
Q7. Why did writers like Paul Bernard believe in developing the economy of the colonies ?
Ans. a. He was an influential writer and policy-maker, strongly believed that the economy of
The colonies needed to be developed.
b. Acc. To him the pupose of acquiring colonies was to to make profits.
c. If the economy of the colonies developed automatically the standard of living of the
people would improved, they would buy more goods, The market would expand,
leading to better profits for French business.
Q3. What were the three barrier to economic growth in Vietnam ? according to Bernard.
Ans. a. High population levels
b. Low agricultural productivity
c. Extensive indebtness amongst the peasants.
LESSON-2
THE DILEMMA OF COLONIAL EDUCATION
Q2. What was the problem that the French had in the area of imparting education to
Vietnamese ?
Ans. 1. The Vietnam were powerfully influenced by Chinese culture and to
Consolidate their power, the French had to counter this Chinese influence.
2. It was essential for the French to dismantle the traditional education system
and established French schools for the Vietnamese.
3. Chinese , the language used by the elites so far, had to be replaced.
Q3. What was the dilemma that the French had in the area of imparting education to
Vietnamese ?
Ans. DILEMMA :-
1. How far were the Vietnamese to be educated ?
2. The French needed an educated local labour force but they feared that education
might create problems, once educated, the Vietnamese may begin question
colonial domination.
3. French citizen living in Vietnam began fearing that they might lose their jobs- as
teachers, shopskeepers, policemen- to the educated Vietnamese. To they opposed
policies that would give the Vietnamese full access to French education.