THERMODYNAMICS |

FINAL ASSIGNMENT 1 – THERMODYNAMICS

INSTRUCTIONS: Solve the following problems. SHOW YOUR DETAILED SOLUTION. (5 pts. each)

1. A horizontal pipe of cross section 8 cm2 has a constriction of cross section of 2 cm2 gasoline
flows in the larger pipe with a speed of 10 cm/sec. What is the speed in the constriction in
cm/sec?

2. Air flows through a compressor under steady-flow conditions. At suction: ν1 = 0.75 m3 /kg,
υ1 = 30 m/s. At discharge: ν2 = 0.25 m3 /kg, υ2 = 40 m/s. Determine the diameter
ratio of the discharge pipe to that of the suction pipe.
3. Water is being drained through a hole at the bottom of a tank at a velocity of 10 m/s. For a
tank diameter of 1.18 m and a hole diameter of 5 cm, find the rate of change of the water level
in the tank in m/min.
4. A ball is thrown vertically upward from the ground and a student gazing out the window sees
it moving upward pass him at 5 m/s. The window is 10 m above the ground. How high does
the ball go above the ground?
5. A 40-gram rifle bullet is fired with a speed of 300 m/s into a ballistic pendulum of mass 5 kg
suspended from a chord 1m long. Compute the vertical height through which the pendulum
rises.
6. A force displacement relationship is defined by F ∝ x1/2 and F has a value of 243 N when
x = 81 m. Determine the work done as it moves an object from x =5 to x = 105 m.
7. If a 600N student climbed a 4 m flight of stairs in 8 sec, what horsepower did that student
generate?
8. If a car produces 21 kW when moving with a velocity of 60 km/hr. Determine
a) the resisting force
b) the power, if the resisting force is proportional to the velocity cubed and the automobile
travels at 80 km/hr.
9. The torque of an engine is found to be 142.5 N∙m. Calculate the engine speed in rpm if its
delivers 5 kW of power.
10. A 1600-kg car is stopped at a traffic light proceeding in a direction up a 15-degree hill. The
length of road is 300 m and the car accelerates uniformly from rest to 60 km/hr in this distance.
Determine the minimum power required to accelerate the car.
11. A project engineer notices the site of a former sawmill along a river. Ruins of the original dam
used as a hydropower is still visible. The engineer decides to make some measurements to
determine the maximum power than can be generated if the site were rehabilitated, the stream
flow is found to be 25 m3 /s and the change in elevation is 4.87 m. Determine the maximum
power that could be produced.
12. A 1.5-m diameter spherical balloon containing air at 215 kPa is cooled such that the volume
is reduced by 20%. For the process, the pressure is proportional to the square of the sphere
diameter. Calculate the work done by the surroundings in this case.

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 THERMODYNAMICS |

13. A system undergoes a reversible non-flow process where P = (20V +690) kPaabs . If the work
is -150 kJ and V1 = 850L, find V2 .
14. 1.5 kg of a gas in a closed system from 6.5 kPa and 50 L to 100 L. Determine:
a) PV = C
b) PV 2 = C
P
c) V = C
P
d) V2 = C
where V is in cubic meters and P is in kilopascals.
15. A gas contained in a piston-cylinder has the following initial properties: 3000 kPa, 0.03 m3 .
The gas is compressed during a process where PV1.4 = C to a pressure of 9000 kPa. The
heat transfer from the gas is 3kJ. Determine the change in internal energy, neglect changes
in kinetic and potential energies.
16. A gas contained in a rigid tank has an internal energy of 750 kJ. The gas is cooled loosing 350
kJ of heat while a paddle wheel agitates the gas with an input of 125 kJ. Determine the final
internal energy of the gas.
17. A 0.3 m3 rigid tank receives paddle work at a rate of 4.5 W for 30 minutes. Initially, the gas
has a density of 1.4 kg/m3 . Find the specific volume at the final state and the change of
specific internal energy.
18. A fluid enters a machine at 170 m/s, 800 kPa, and with a specific volume of 0.3 m3 /kg. The
radiation heat loss is 25 kJ/kg. The internal energy decreases 485 kJ/kg. If the fluid leaves at
330 m/s, 138 kPa, and 0.95 m3 /kg, determine the work done by the fluid.
19. Steam enters a turbine with a pressure P = 4800 kPa, u = 2950 kJ/kg, h = 3300 kJ/kg, and
with a flow of 6 kg/s. Steam leaves with h = 2300 kJ/kg, u = 2100 kJ/kg, and P = 22 kPa. The
radiative heat loss is equal to 24 kJ/kg of steam. Determine:
a) the power produced;
b) the adiabatic power;
c) the inlet specific volume;
kg
20. Carbon dioxide (ρ = 1.8 m3 ) having an enthalpy of 96.5 kJ/kg enters a compressor. It leaves
with an enthalpy of 175 kJ/kg. There are 35 kJ/kg of heat lost from the compressor as CO2
passes through it. Neglecting changes in kinetic and potential energies, determine the power
required for a flow rate of 0.2225 m3 /s.

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