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Parshah Answers R’ Mordechai Torczyner
What is the connection between purchasers, and yet further along we are Yishmaelim and Midianim were two
Chanukah and Yosef’s pit? told Potifar purchased Yosef from parties travelling together for safety,
The gemara (Shabbat 22a) cites Yishmaelim, and much later we are told and the Midianim were slave-traders
consecutive statements from Rav that the brothers sold Yosef to Egyptian and they drew Yosef from the pit, while
Kahana, citing Rav Natan bar Manyumi, purchasers. The proliferation of the Yishmaelim were general
who was citing Rav Tanchum. The first pronouns, and the plurality of potential merchants.
statement says that a chanukiah placed purchasers and purveyors, perplexes Chizkuni suggests that the Midianim
above twenty amot is disqualified, just the parshanim. drew Yosef from the pit and sold him to
as a succah which is taller than twenty Rashi explains that the brothers drew the Yishmaelim, but the Yishmaelim
amot is disqualified and just as an alley Yosef from the pit and sold him to the assigned the care of Yosef to the
is not considered halachically Yishmaelim, who sold him to the Midianim, and the two parties jointly
„enclosed‟ if its lintel is higher than Midianim, who brought him to Egypt. sold Yosef to Potifar.
twenty amot, because the eye does not Ibn Ezra contends that the same group
gaze to that height. The second were identified variously as Yishmaelim What is the message of the names
statement notes that the Torah and Midianim; he does not address the Peretz and Zerach?
describes Yosef‟s pit as being „empty, question of who lifted Yosef from the pit. Rashi says that “Peretz” describes
without water.‟ The redundant note that strength, because he broke forth
it was without water is meant to indicate
Rashbam suggests that while the
brothers were waiting for the mightily, and “Zerach” refers to the
that snakes and scorpions were shining red string tied to his hand.
Yishmaelim to draw near, Midianim
present.
came and drew Yosef from the pit and Ramban contends that “Peretz” refers
Ritva‟s approach to the passage sold him to the Yishmaelim themselves. to “breaking out,” for Peretz broke
regarding Yosef‟s pit explains the link Alternatively, he suggests that the forth hastily from the womb. He then
between the two talmudic statements; Midianim may have drawn Yosef from cites mystical sources to compare
he said that the pit was twenty amot the pit at the instruction of Yosef‟s Peretz and Zerach to the twin
deep, so that Reuven did not realize brothers, but he is adamant that the luminaries, the Sun and the Moon.
there were snakes and scorpions in the grammar of the pesukim presents the Zerach, the physical first-born, is
pit. Midianim as the ones who drew Yosef compared to the sun with its greater
Through what sale(s) did Yosef move from the pit. light. Peretz, the forebear of the
from the pit to Egypt? Ramban argues that there was only one Davidic dynasty, is like the Moon in
The Torah describes a caravan of group of purchasers. From afar, based that the light of the Davidic dynasty
Yishmaelim passing by the pit, and on their camels, the merchants appeared waxes and wanes. We also link King
Yehudah suggesting that they sell Yosef to be Yishmaelim, but they were actually David with the rite of kiddush levanah,
to the Yishmaelim. The Torah then Midianite merchants who had hired performed upon seeing the new moon.
describes Midianim passing by, and Yishmaelim as camel-drivers. The Baal haTurim sees in “Peretz” a hint
then it says that “they” drew Yosef from brothers sold Yosef to the Midianim, who at his royal descendants, who would be
the pit and sold him to the Yishmaelim, gave him to the Yishmaelim – while he empowered to break through – lifrotz –
and that “they” brought Yosef to Egypt. was still owned by the Midianim - to help people‟s property. This is also seen in
Further in the Torah we are told that the transport their merchandise to Egypt. Yevamot 76b, which describes King
Midianim sold Yosef to Egyptian Similarly, Netziv contends that the Saul asking whether young David is
from the family of Peretz, such that he
might one day hold the royal authority
613 Mitzvot: Mitzvah 65-67 to break through people‟s property.
Baal haTurim also points out that the AT
Taking Care of the Economically Disadvantaged -BASH method of gematria evaluates
Peh-Reish-Tzadi as 14, which is the
numerical value of the name of Peretz‟s
Many of the Torah‟s mitzvot train us to The Shulchan Aruch (Choshen Mishpat royal descendant, King David.
be sensitive to the needs and problems 97:2) prohibits dunning a debtor only if
of our neediest relatives. Mitzvah 65 one is certain that the debtor lacks funds. For children: Why did Yaakov say that
instructs us not to oppress - through The Minchat Chinuch (67:1) challenged Yosef’s second dream could not be
word or deed - orphans and widows, this, arguing that since this is a biblical true? (Rashi Bereishit 37:10)
who have traditionally been among the matter, one should not dun a debtor even Rashi points out that Yosef‟s dream
economically vulnerable. Mitzvah 66 where the debtor‟s ability to pay is includes the sun and moon, as well as
instructs us to offer loans to the poor, uncertain, since we are strict regarding the stars, bowing to him. The stars are
and mitzvah 67 prohibits lenders from biblical law. The Minchat Chinuch Yosef‟s brothers, so the sun and moon
claiming debts when they know that resolved his problem by suggesting that could be his parents – but Yosef‟s
impoverished debtors lack the means to the Torah‟s prohibition itself was only mother, Rachel, was not alive anymore.
repay them. Within this last mitzvah, a stated regarding cases in which one This is why Yaakov said, “Could it be
creditor is not even permitted to pass knows, certainly, that the debtor lacks the that I, your mother and your brothers
before a debtor who lacks the means to ability to pay. would bow to you?”
re-pay, lest he pain the debtor with
guilt. torczyner@torontotorah.com We’d love to hear your answers! Email
them to torczyner@torontotorah.com
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Ha’Am V’Ha’Aretz
R’ Azriel Hildesheimer Dovid Zirkind Kibbutz Lavi
During the time of the Mishnah, both
Tzippori and Teveriyah were major
Rabbi Azriel Hildesheimer was born in Jewish settlements. (R‟ Yehudah HaNasi
Evaluating Risks of t h e n o r t h e r n G e r ma n c i t y o f lived in Tzippori, and the Sanhedrin was
located in Teveriyah.) The Lavi Inn was
Surgery Halberstadt in 1820. After receiving a
situated between the two, on the side of
Jewish education in his home town,
Rabbi Azriel Hildesheimer the road, near today‟s Golani Junction.
Rabbi Hildesheimer traveled to Altona Eventually, the Romans destroyed the
Responsa Even Ha’Ezer 184 at the age of 17 to study under Rabbi inn. Centuries later, the Arab village of
Yaakov Ettlinger (Toronto Torah Lech Lubya, a corruption of the Hebrew
Lecha 5770). While in Yeshiva he “Lavi”, arose on the spot.
Question: studied classical languages, and he
Located on the road leading from
A young man who is now twenty-eight took that education with him to the Teveriyah to Tabor and the Upper
years old developed a growth beneath his University of Berlin in 1840, where he Galilee, Lubya served as a base for
right eye when he was fourteen years old. continued his study of languages as Arab attacks on Jewish travelers and
Over the course of time it grew to [the size] well as advanced mathematics. From convoys. During the War of
of half an egg, and so that eye had almost Berlin, Rabbi Hildesheimer left for the Independence, the village housed Fawzi
lost the ability to see. Now he wishes to nearby city of Hale where he received al-Qawuqji‟s Arab Liberation Army. As
ask the doctors if they can heal him his Ph.D. soon as the State of Israel was
through an operation. He is unsure whether proclaimed, the ALA attempted to cut off
he may trust the doctors if they will tell him At the age of 31 Rabbi Hildesheimer the Upper Galilee, the Galilee
there is no risk in this operation and received his first rabbinic position, as panhandle, and even the Jordan Valley.
whether he may endanger himself despite Rav of the town of Eisenstadt, Hungary. On June 9, 1948, Golani‟s Dror Battalion
potential risk to his life. One of his first acts in that position was was ordered to capture the village . This
Further, you might say this is surely to found a parochial school where initial assault was a massive failure.
forbidden, for there may be risk to his left modern pedagogy was employed in Nevertheless, one of the mission‟s
eye, as happens on occasion with teaching both secular and Jewish objectives was achieved: the enemy‟s
operations that when one has great studies. From there Rabbi Hildesheimer operational balance of power was
damage in one eye, the other also may lose would continue to establish other like- affected, and al-Qawuqji‟s plans were
the ability to see. May he bring himself to minded schools which emphasized the foiled. He had hoped to capture Rosh
the possibility of blindness, which has importance of properly spoken German Pina and join up with the Syrian forces.
been compared to death? More and mathematics that contributed to the However, when Lubya was attacked, al-
specifically: If, G-d forbid, he were to study of Talmud. Qawuqji abandoned his plans and set
out to assist the village.
become blind, he would not find a way to
provide for himself and his elderly mother Known as a pioneer within Orthodoxy, When the IDF launched a second attack
and father. But if there were a cure, it Hildesheimer believed that a Jew in the against Lubya. The village‟s fighters
would be an aid and profit because he is a modern world could not segregate surrendered after a short battle, and the
rapid scribe in business matters. himself from society hiding behind Arab residents abandoned the village.
ghetto walls. He believed in an On 24 Shvat 5709 (February 23, 1949),
Response: embrace of secular education with an Kibbutz Lavi was founded on the site by
1. Without any doubt the doctors are “unconditional steadfastness in the faith young Bachad (Brit Chalutzim Datiim)
trusted on this matter, especially esteemed and traditions of Judaism.” immigrants from England, including
professors who would not damage their some of the 10,000 Jewish refugee
profession. Wherever there is no pattern of biblically prohibited act, then certainly children who had arrived in England
transgression one should believe the one may transgress a mere rabbinic from Germany on the Kindertransports.
doctors, because the risk to life is only prohibition. The first religious kibbutz to have a
questionable, and, further, the prohibition rabbi, these rabbis have included Rav
against endangering one‟s self is only 3. Regarding his concern that he might Levinger of Hevron and Rav Aviner of
rabbinic, as is explained in Rambam be struck with blindness and so become Beit El.
Hilchot Rotzeach 11:5 and the end of unable to support his parents, in this we Kibbutz Lavi‟s main industries are
Shulchan Aruch Choshen Mishpat. rely upon Rabbi Akiva‟s great principle, agriculture, a carpentry workshop
“Your life precedes.” If one is permitted which produces furniture for shuls
2. Certainly, endangering one‟s self is to act despite concern for danger, G-d
around the world, and a kosher hotel
forbidden, as is explained in the Rambam forbid, from the operation, then one is
which serves the religious public.
mentioned above, but that is only if one certainly permitted to act despite the
were to do it needlessly and intentionally, mitzvah of honouring one‟s parents. This The ruins of the ancient Jewish
not if it were necessary because of a threat is certainly true given the fact that his settlement are still visible in the Lavi
to life in, G-d forbid, losing his second eye. livelihood is already in doubt because Forest, located between the Golani
If they allowed one, for a questionable life- of current concern for the loss of vision Junction and Kibbutz Lavi.
saving action, to transgress even the in his second eye. Adapted from an article originally
severe Shabbat with any necessarily dzirkind@torontotorah.com published by Torah miTzion.
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Schedule for the Week of November 27, 20 Kislev
Shabbat, November 27 Tuesday, November 30
7:45AM R‟ Azarya Berzon: Ramban al haTorah, Or Chaim 1:10PM Russell Levy, Masechet Pesachim (advanced), Wolfond Center Lunch
After Hashkama R‟ Azarya Berzon: Parsha Issues, Clanton Park served, followed by mincha
One hour before mincha R‟ Azarya Berzon: Gemora In-depth, 1:30PM R‟ Mordechai Torczyner: Yoel, at Shaarei Shomayim, with Mekorot
Mizrachi Bayit 7:30PM R” Meir Lipschitz: The Thought of R‟ Shlomo Aviner, 17 Meadowbrook #2,
6:30PM Parent/Child Learning, Shaarei Shomayim Women
Sunday, November 28 8:00PM Dovid Zirkind: Interactive Parshah Discussion, Westmount Learning Centre
9:15AM Itamar Zolberg: “Teme‟im b‟Yad Tehorim” b‟Ivrit, 8:30PM R‟ Mordechai Torczyner: Minchat Chinuch at Clanton Park: Korban Pesach
Zichron Yisrael Leftovers and lav hanitak la’aseh
9:30 AM Midreshet Yom Rishon for women at Ulpana 8:30PM R‟ Azarya Berzon: Halacha and Hashkafa for Life, “Defining the Concept of a
7:30PM R‟ Azarya Berzon: “Megilah: What Blessings Do We Miricle”, BAYT, 3rd floor, classroom #1
Recite?”, Shaarei Shamayim Wednesday, December 1
8:30PM R‟ Azarya Berzon: Gemara In-depth, Shaarei Shamayim 9:15AM R‟ Mordechai Torczyner: Hosheia, 239 Franklin Women Babysitting provided
1:00 PM R‟ Mordechai Torczyner, Chanukah, at MaRS
Monday, November 29 7:00PM R‟ Azarya Berzon: Gemara B‟Iyun, Highlights of the week‟s shiurim, 12
4:00 PM R‟ Mordechai Torczyner: Rabbis in the New World, 3 Midvale Road
of 3, MIles Nadal JCC, RSVP to sharonis@mnjcc.org 8:30PM R‟ Azarya Berzon, Kiddushin 42b: Is there a Shaliach for a Crime?, Shomrai
($15 for series) Shabbos
8:30PM R‟ Azarya Berzon: Rambam, “The Seven Mitzvot of the 9:00PM R‟ Mordechai Torczyner: Responsa that changed Jewish History, Week 8:
Bnei Noach”, Clanton Park The Response to Reform, BAYT
8:45PM R‟ Meir Lipschitz: Gemara Beitzah Chaburah, Shaarei Thursday, November 25
Shomayim 8:00PM R‟ Netanel Javasky: Landmark Halachic Responsa, Bnai Torah
9:20PM R‟ Azarya Berzon: Ramban: Insights into Parshat 8:00PM David Teller: Secrets of the Shema,Week 3: History and Destiny Shaarei
Vayeshev, 12 Midvale Road Tefillah
4 We would like to thank koshertube.com for filming our shiurim! Visit us at www.torontotorah.com