STRESS ANALYSIS: SIMPLE STRESSES

SAMPLE PROBLEMS

1. ME Board Problem (Oct.1995)

Design the size of a solid steel shaft for a 500 HP, 250 rpm application if the allowable
torsional deflection is 1.0 degree and the allowable stress is 10,000 psi and modulus of
rigidity is 13 x 106 psi.

Given:

P= 500 HP
N= 200 rpm
Ss = 10,000 psi
G = 13,000,000 psi
1.0 (𝜋)
𝜃=
180

Solution:

Size of a solid steel shaft:

16𝑇 16𝑇
Ss = 𝜋𝐷3 ; 𝐷03 =
0 𝜋𝑆𝑠

Solving for torque T:

𝑓𝑡−𝑙𝑏
𝑃 500𝐻𝑃 (33,000 )
𝐻𝑃−𝑚𝑖𝑛.
𝑇= = 𝑟𝑒𝑣 = 10, 504.26 𝑓𝑡 − 𝑙𝑏
2𝜋𝑁 2𝜋 (250 )
𝑚𝑖𝑛

𝑖𝑛
16 (10, 504.26 𝑓𝑡 − 𝑙𝑏)(12 )
𝑓𝑡
∴ 𝐷03 =
𝑙𝑏
𝜋(10,000 )
𝑖𝑛2

𝐷03 = 64.197 𝑖𝑛3

3 3
√𝐷03 = √64.197 𝑖𝑛3

𝐃𝐨 = 𝟒. 𝟎 𝐢𝐧. (𝐛𝐚𝐬𝐞𝐝 𝐨𝐧 𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐬) 𝐀𝐧𝐬.

2. ME Board problem (Oct. 2001)
Compute the torsional deflection in degrees of a 3 5/8 in. dia., 1.20 meter long shaft
subjected to a twist moment of 3 x 106 N-mm. the torsional modulus of elasticity is 80,000
MPa.

Given:

D = 3 5/8 in. = 92.075 mm.

L = 1.0 m. = 1,200 mm.
G = 80, 000 MPa = 80, 000 N/mm2

Solution:

Solving for the torsional deflection, θ

TL
θ= JG
(3,000,000 N − mm)(1200 mm. )
θ=
π 4 N
32 (92.075mm) (80,000 N mm2 )

θ = 0.00637 rad.

57.3 deg.
θ = 0.00637 rad. ( )
rad
𝛉 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟔𝟓 𝐝𝐞𝐠. 𝐀𝐧𝐬
3. ME Board Problem Oct. 1995
What force is required to punch a ½ in. hole 3/8 in. thick plate if the ultimate shear
strength of the plate is 42,000 psi?

Given:

D = 0.5 in.
t = 3/8 in. = 0.375 in.
Su = 42,000 psi

Solution:

F = SA = Stress x Area

Where:
A = πdt = circumference x thickness

∴ F = Su (πdt)

F = (42,000 lb/in2)( π )(0.5 in.)(0.375 in.)

F = 24,740 lbs. Ans

4. ME Board Problem (April 1997)
How many 5/16 inch holes can be punched in one motion in a steel plate made of SAE
1010 steel, 7/16 inch thick using a force of 55 tons. The ultimate strength for shear is 50 ksi
and use 2.0 factor of safety.

Given:

t = 7/16 in.
F = 55 tons
Su = 50 ksi = 50,000 lb/in2
N= 2.0

Solution:

F F
Ss = =
A πdt

lbs
F (55 tons)(2,000 )
∴d= = ton
πSs t π (50,000 lbs) ( 7 in. )
in2 16

d= 1.6 in.

1.6 in.
∴ No. of holes =
5
16 in.

= 5.12 ≈5.0 Ans.

5. ME Board Problem (Nov. 1983)
Design a vertical steel cylinder water tank 30 m. in diameter and 45 m. high. Consider
the pressure variation in the H2O to follow a straight line from the edge of the top to the
center of the bottom and the allowable stress of the steel plate is 120 MPa. Without
reinforcing angle bars and rods, find the thickness of the steel plate.

Given:

D = 30 m
h = 45 m
St = 120 MPa = 120x106 N/m2

Solution:

Solving for the thickness of the steel plate:

𝑃𝐷 𝑃𝐷
St = or 𝑡 = = thickness of the steel plate
2𝑡 2St

Where:

D = 30 m; St = 120x106 N/m2
P = ? (unknown)
∴ P = pressure = δh = 9.81 KN/m3 (45 m) = 441.45 KPa

Therefore:
N
3 m3
PD (441.45 KPa)(30 m)(10 KPa )
t= =
2St 120x106 N
2( )
m2

t = 0.055 m = 55 mm. Ans

6. ME Board Problem (Apr. 1998)
A spherical shaped pressure vessel has a 480mm. diameter. The internal pressure is
10MPa. Determine the thickness if the allowable tensile in the material is 80MPa and the
joint efficiency is 80%.

Given:

D = 480 m
P = 10 MPa
St = 80 MPa
n = 0.80 = joint efficiency (circumferential)

Find:

t=?

Solution:

PD 10 MPa (480 mm)

t=
4St n
=
4 (80 MPa)(0.08)
= 18.75 mm. Ans