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D C HB = 4.692 32 7.810
A B
7.810 2 6.708 2 4 2
cos BHC
2(7.810 )( 6.708 )
The diagram above shows a cuboid with a
rectangular base, ABCD. Given that = 0.8589
AB = 6cm, BC = 4cm and CG=3 cm.
Find BHC BHC = 30.810
(2)
H G
E
F
D C
A B
The diagram above shows a cuboid with a
rectangular base ABCD. Given that
AB = 16 cm, BC = 4cm and CG=13 cm.
Find BHC
[10.98]
(3)
H G
E
F
D C
A B
A
B
[ 4.772 cm ]
5.
H G The diagram on the left shows a cuboid with a rectangular
base ABCD. Given that BC = 8.2 cm, CG = 6.42 cm,
AB = 12.03 cm and ABG =110.02.
E D
C Find the length of AG.
F
A
B
[ 17.91 cm ]
Task 1 : Find the unknown sides of a triangle when two of its angles and one of the corresponding
sides are known.
(1) Diagram 1 shows the triangle ABC. Answer :
BC 8.2
0
sin 75 sin 400
8.2
BC sin 750
sin 400
Diagram 1 Using the scientific calculator,
Diagram 2
15 cm
[ 10.00 cm ]
(4) Diagram 4 shows the triangle KLM.
L
K 0 420
63
15 cm
Diagram 4
M
Calculate the length of KM.
AC 8.2
0
sin 65 sin 400
8.2
BC 0
sin 650
Diagram 5 sin 40
Diagram 6
15 cm
[ 17.25 cm ]
(8) Diagram 8 shows the triangle KLM.
L
K 0 420
63
15 cm
Diagram 8
M
Calculate the length of KL.
BC 11.2
0
sin 47 sin 550
11.2
BC sin 47 0
sin 550
Diagram 9
Using scientific calculator,
Calculate the length of BC.
BC = 9.9996 cm or 10.00 cm
(10) Diagram 10 shows the triangle ABC.
Diagram 10
Calculate the length of AC.
[ 4.517 cm ]
(11) Diagram 11 shows the triangle PQR.
7.2 cm
R
P 0 250
28
Diagram 11
Q
[ 3.810 cm ]
(12) Diagram 12 shows the triangle DEF.
720 510
E F
5.6 cm
Diagram 12
Calculate the length of DE.
Task 3 : Find the unknown angles of a triangle when two sides and a non-included angle are given.
(1) Diagram 1 shows the triangle ABC. Answer :
A
sin C sin 60 0
10 cm
15 cm 10 15
600 10 sin 60 0
B C sin C
Diagram 1 15
sin C 0.5774
Find ACB. C sin 1 0.5774
C 35.270
(2) Diagram 2 shows the triangle KLM
15 cm L
K
9 cm 500
Diagram 2
M
Find KLM
[ 27.360 ]
(3) Diagram 3 shows the triangle DEF.
D
3.5 cm
12.5 cm
430 24’
E F
Diagram 3
Find DFE.
[ 11.090 ]
(4) Diagram 4 shows the triangle PQR.
13 cm R
P
10 cm
0
130
Diagram 4
Q
Find QPR.
2.8 cm
Diagram 6 250
M
Find KLM.
[ 138.640 ]
(7) Diagram 7 shows the triangle DEF.
E
D 340
6.7 cm 4.4 cm
F Diagram 7
Find DFE.
[ 124.460 ]
(8) Diagram 8 shows the triangle PQR.
P
12.3 cm
550 Diagram 8
R Q
7.7 cm
Find PQR.
9 cm L
K
400
7 cm
M Diagram 2
Given that KLM is an obtuse angle, find
the length of ML.
[ 2.952 cm ]
Solutions of Triangles 158
(3) Diagram 3 shows the triangle DEF.
D
8 cm
420
E 11 cm F
Diagram 3
Given that the value of EDF is greater than
900, find the length of DE.
[ 5.040 cm ]
(4) Diagram 4 shows the triangle PQR.
8.5 cm R
P 460
6.9 cm
Diagram 4
Q
[ 2.707 cm ]
(5) Diagram 5 shows the triangle KLM.
K L
230
17.3 cm 9.2 cm
Diagram 5
M
Given that KLM is an angle in the second
quadrant of the cartesian plane, find the
length of KL.
[ 9.686 cm ]
Solutions of Triangles 159
10. SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES
2.2 Use Cosine Rule to find the unknown sides or angles of a triangle.
b2 c2 a2
2 2 2
a = b + c – 2bc cos A cos A
2bc
b2 = a2 + c2 – 2ac cos B a c2 b2
2
cos B
2ac
c2 = a2 + b2 – 2ab cos C a b2 c2
2
cos C
2ab
Task 1 : Find the unknown side of a triangle when two sides and an included angle are given.
(1) Diagram 1 shows the triangle PQR such Solution :
that PR =12.3 cm , QR =16.4 cm and
PRQ = 67 . x 2 16 .4 2 12 .3 2 2(16 .4)(12 .3) cos 67 0
P
12.3 cm = 262.1
x cm
670 x 262 .61
Q R
16.4 cm x 16.21
Diagram 1
x cm 5 cm
5cm
750
Q
P 7 cm
Diagram 2
[ 7.475 ]
(3) Diagram 3 shows a triangle with sides 5 cm ,
13 cm and an included angle 43 .
5 cm x cm
430
E
13 cm
Diagram 3
[ 9.946 ]
6.3 cm
Diagram 4
B
[ 5.967 cm ]
(5) Diagram 5 shows the triangle KLM.
5.8 cm
K L
480
4 cm
Diagram 5
M
[ 4.312 cm ]
(6) Diagram 6 shows the triangle PQR.
2.23 cm
750 31’
P Q
5.40 cm
Diagram 6
[ 5.302 cm ]
(7) Diagram 7 shows a triangle with sides
6.21 cm , 10.51 cm and an included angle
360 39’ .
x cm
6.21cm
360 39′
10.51cm
Diagram 7
Find the value of x .
[ 6.656 ]
13cm 14 cm =0.3846
C BAC 67.38
B 15 cm
Diagram 1
Find BAC .
(2) Diagram 2 shows a triangle ABC where
AB = 11 cm, AC = 13 cm and BC= 16 cm.
11cm 13 cm
B C
16 cm
Diagram 2
Find BAC .
[ 83.17]
(3) Diagram 3 shows a triangle ABC where
AB = 13 cm, AC = 16 cm and BC = 17.5 cm.
A
13cm 16 cm
B C
17.5 cm
Diagram 3
Calculate BAC
[ 73.41]
(4) Diagram 4 shows a triangle ABC where
AB = 12.67 cm, AC = 16.78 cm and
BC= 19.97 cm.
A
12.67cm 16.78 cm
B 19.97 cm C
Diagram 4
Calculate BCA
[39.17]
6.45 cm
2.23 cm
Q
P
5.40 cm
Diagram 5
Find RQP .
[108.07]
(6) In Diagram 6, PQR is a triangle such that
PR = 23.5 cm, RQ = 12.5 cm and
PQ= 18.7 cm.
R
23.5 cm
12.5 cm
P Q
18.7 cm
Diagram 6
8.56cm 11.23cm
B C
14.5 1cm
Diagram 7
[93.33]
(8) For triangle ABC in Diagram 8, AB = 13
cm, AC = 16 cm and BC= 17.5 cm.
A
13cm 16 cm
B C
17.5 cm
Diagram 8
Diagram 1
C
6 cm
B 78
5 cm C
Diagram 2
Find the area of ABC. 2
[ 14.67 cm ]
(3) In Diagram 3, ABC is a triangle with
AC= 6 cm, BC = 8 cm and ACB 120 .
B
8 cm
C
120
6 cm
Diagram 3
12.5 cm
C
250
6 cm
Diagram 4
A
2
Find the area of ABC. [ 35.24 cm ]
1
Area of ABC= (6)(12.5) sin 71.79
2
2
=35.62 cm
(6) In Diagram 6, ABC is a triangle such that
AB= 11 cm , AC = 15 cm and ACB=4534’.
A
11cm
15 cm
B
4534'
C Diagram 6
7cm 11530' B
C
Diagram 7
A
1
Diagram 8 (b) Area of ABC = (11)(15) sin 31 30'
2
Find (a) the smallest angle, = 42.86
(b) the area of ABC.
(9) In Diagram 9, ABC is a triangle where
AB= 30 cm, BC =25 cm and AC=20 cm.
C
25 cm
20 cm
B
A 30 cm
Diagram 9
0 2
[ (a) 82.82 (b) 248.04 cm ]
(10) In Diagram 10, ABC is a triangle where
AB = 13 cm, AC = 14 cm and BC= 15 cm.
A
13cm 14 cm
B C
15 cm
Diagram 10
0 2
[ (a) 59.49 (b) 84.00 cm ]
16 cm
31o
O 18 cm N
Diagram 1
0 2
[ (a) 24.74 (b) 25.67 cm (c) 118.99 cm ]
(2) In Diagram 2, BCD is a straight line.
A
32o
10 cm
7 cm
B C 5 cm D
Diagram 2
0 2
[ (a) 111.80 (b) 3.769 cm (c) 28.50 cm ]
(3) In Diagram 3, FGH is a straight line and G is
the midpoint of FH.
E
14 cm 16 cm
F 10 cm G H
Diagram 3
0 2
[ (a) 52.62 (b) 11.23 cm (c) 52.62 cm ]
Diagram 4
0 2
[ (a) 12.92 cm (b) 31.73 (c) 141.65 cm ]
(5) In Diagram 5, QRS is a straight line.
Diagram 5
0 2
[ (a) 54.31 (b) 4.157 cm (c) 74.75 cm ]
(6) In Diagram 6, BCD is a straight line.
Diagram 6
Calculate (a) the length of AB,
(b) CAD,
(c) the area of triangle ACD.
0 2
[ (a) 6.678 cm (b)84.74 (c) 13.17 cm ]
(a)Calculate
(i) ABC
(ii) ADC
(iii) the area, in cm2, of quadrilateral ABCD
[ 8 marks]
(b) A triangle A’B’C’ has the same measurements as those given for triangle ABC, that is, A’C’=12.3
cm, C’B’=9.5cm and B ' A 'C ' 40.5 , but which is different in shape to triangle ABC.
(i) etch the triangle A’B’C’
(ii) State the size of A'B'C' [2 marks]