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E R ES 2005
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O M Í A SL
ON
LAS EC EL MUNDO
EN
OECD Factbook
Economic, Environmental
and Social Statistics
Population and migration
Macroeconomic trends
Economic globalisation
Prices
Labour market
Public policies
Quality of life
Tendencias macroeconómicas
PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO (PIB) Mercado laboral
Tamaño del PIB
Valor agregado por actividad EMPLEO
CRECIMIENTO ECONÓMICO Índices de las tasas de empleo por género
Evolución del PIB Índices de las tasas de empleo por
Evolución del valor agregado por grupo de edad
actividad Empleo de medio tiempo
Ahorro doméstico Autoempleo
PRODUCTIVIDAD DESEMPLEO
Productividad laboral Tasas de desempleo estandarizadas
Multi-factor de la productividad Desempleo a largo plazo
MERCANCÍAS: PRODUCCIÓN Y
ABASTECIMIENTO
Abastecimiento de energía
Generación de electricidad Ciencia y tecnología
Producción de acero
Pesca INVESTIGACIÓN Y DESARROLLO (IyD)
Gasto en investigación y en desarrollo
Inversión en el conocimiento
Investigadores
Globalización económica Patentes
TECNOLOGÍAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN Y
COMERCIO DE LAS COMUNICACIONES (TIC)
Participación del comercio en el PIB Tamaño del sector TIC
Comercio de mercancías Inversión en TIC
Comercio de servicios Acceso a las computadoras y a Internet en
Socios comerciales hogares y privado
Balanza de pagos Exportaciones de alta tecnología
INVERSIÓN EXTERNA DIRECTA (IED)
Flujos de IED y acciones
IED y empleo
DÉFICITS GUBERNAMENTALES Y
Energía
DEUDA Suministro mundial de energía
Déficits gubernamentales Suministro regional de energía
Deuda del gobierno Producción regional de petróleo
GASTO PÚBLICO Y ASISTENCIA Producción regional de gas
Gasto social Producción regional de carbón
Gasto en salud Crecimiento anual de suministros
Asistencia oficial para el desarrollo renovables
Generación de electricidad mundial
APOYO PARA LA AGRICULTURA Y LA Consumo final por sector
PESCA Indicadores seleccionados de la energía
Estimados del apoyo a la agricultura mundial
Apoyo del gobierno a la pesca Precios del petróleo crudo
IMPUESTOS AIE presupuestos gubernamentales para la
Ingresos totales de impuestos IyD de la energía
Aumento de la producción de energía
Impuestos al producto del trabajador
mundial y del consumo
promedio
Panorama mundial de la demanda de
DESIGUALDAD REGIONAL energía primaria
PIB regional Panorama regional de la demanda
Desempleo regional primaria
Dependencia global de la importación del
petróleo
Panorama de las emisiones de CO2
Páginas de muestra e información de pedidos en:
www.oecd.org/publications/factbook
Cada indicador es presentado
descrito y
projections described above but then require
the labour force – are also increasing throughout OECD additional assumptions about the future propensities
countries. These trends have a number of implications
medido
of men and women in different age groups to seek
for government and private spending on pensions and paid employment. For the pr projections shown here,
health care and, more generally, for economic growth
and welfare. trends
Fuentes
particular care has been taken in modelling future
ends in the labour force participation of w
women and
of elderly en dónde
y persons. As with the population pr
projections
Definition encontrar todas
a range of estimates has been made for the labour
Populations are defined as the de facto, i.e. the resident, force in each las bases
h country
countr and the medium or central
population. The labour force is defined according to the
ILO Guidelines and consists of those in employment plus
variant
ariant is used here.de datos
persons who are available for work and who are actively completas
seeking employment. Population projections are taken
from national sources where these are available, but Sources
for some countries they are based on Eurostat and UN
OECD (2004), Labour Force Statistics, OECD, Paris.
projections.
Eurostat, United Nations, national sources and OECD
Comparability estimates.
¿Qué tan bien Almost all OECD countries now follow the ILO Guidelines
Further information
for defining the labour force, so there is good
se comparan los comparability between countries.
compar
•Analytical publications
indicadores nacionales?All population projections require assumptions about Burniaux, J.-M., R. Duval and F. Jaumotte (2003), “Coping
with Ageing: A Dynamic Approach to Quantify the
futur trends in life expectancy, fertility rates and
future
Impact of Alternative Policyy Options on Futu
Future Labour
net immigration. Often, a range of projections are
Supply in OECD Countries”, OECD Economics Department
produced using different assumptions about these
Información
Working Paper, No. 371, OECD,, Paris, www.oecd.org/eco/
working_papers.
population aged 65 or over) are either in OECD (2001), Ageing and Transport:
ansport: Mobility Needs and
countries with high birth rates such as Mexico, Safety Issues, OECD, Paris.
Iceland and Turkey or in countries with high
OECD (2003), Ageing, Housing and Urban Development,
immigration, such as Australia, Canada and
OECD, Paris.
New Zealand. All these countries will, however,
OECD (2004), Ageing and Employment Policies, series,
experience significant ageing up to 2020.
OECD, Paris.
The dependency ratio (right panel of the table)
OECD (2004), OECD Employment Outlook, OECD, Paris.
is projected to exceed 50% in Hungary, France,
• Statistical publications
Italy and Japan by 2020. This means that for each
elderly person there will be only two persons in OECD (2004), Main Economic Indicators, OECD, Paris.
the labour force. The lowest dependency ratios OECD (2004), Quarterly Labour Force Statistics, OECD,
– under 30% – are projected for Mexico, Iceland, Paris.
Turkey and Ireland. • Methodological publications
Over the period from 2000 to 2020, dependency OECD (1997), “Sources and Methods – Labour and Wage
ratios are forecast to rise particularly sharply in Statistics”, Main Economic Indicators, Vol. 1997/4, OECD,
the Czech Republic, Finland, Japan, Korea and Paris.
Turkey; growth of dependency ratios will be • Online databases
lowest in Greece, Ireland, Portugal and Spain. SourceOECD Main Economic Indicators.
SourceOECD Employment and Labour Markets.
14
Contexto global
OECD FACTBOOK 2005 – ISBN 92-64-01869-7 – © OECD 2005
historia y pronósticos
2000 2020
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Utiliza nuestro
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OECD FACTBOOK
muestran los
CTBOOK 2005 – ISBN 92-64-01869-7 – © OECD 2005 15
principales
mensajes en una
ojeada
S DE
Immigration: See Net immigration Origin of merchandise trade
Imports of services: See Trade in services: Service imports
D O R E
0 I N D ICA
Imports: See Merchandise trade: Merchandise imports in $
D
P
E RES
10
Income: See Distribution of household incomes
ÍAS L Í
Participation rates:men
O N O M
Indicators of international competitivity: Effective exchange Participation rates:total
LAS EC EL MUNDO
rates Participation rates:women
Indicators of international competitivity: Relative Consumer Part-time employment rates
EN
Price Indices
Patents
Indicators of international competitivity: Unit labour costs
Per capita GDP in PPPs
Industry: See Growth of value added in three sectors:
Industry Percent of population that has completed tertiary education:
Percent aged 25-35
Infant mortality
Percent of population that has completed tertiary education:
Information and Communications Technology: See Percent aged 25-64
Investment in Information and Communications
Technology Percent of population that has completed tertiary education:
Percent aged 55-64
Interest rates: See Long term interest rates
PISA: See Maths, literacy and science scores from PISA
Investment in Information and Communications Technology
Population 65+ as % of population and dependency ratios
Investment in knowledge
Population growth rates
Investment, foreign: See Foreign Direct Investment (FDI):
Cumulated FDI 1994-2000 Population: See Total population
Investment, foreign: See Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): FDI PPP: See Purchasing Power Parities (PPPs)
inflows Price indices: See Producer Price Indices
Investment, foreign: See Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): FDI Prices: See Consumer Price Indices: All items
outflows Prices: See Consumer Price Indices: Energy
Prices: See Consumer Price Indices: Food
K Prison population
Knowledge: See Investment in knowledge Producer Price Indices
Producer support estimates for agriculture
L Productivity: See Labour productivity growth
Labour costs: See Indicators of international competitivity: Productivity: See Multi-factor productivity
Unit labour costs Public and private health expenditure
Labour productivity growth in the business sector Purchasing Power Parities (PPPs): Exchange rates
Labour productivity growth in the total economy Purchasing Power Parities (PPPs): Indices of price levels
Life expectancy: men Purchasing Power Parities (PPPs): PPPs
Life expectancy: total
Life expectancy: women R
Literacy: See Maths, literacy and science scores from PISA R&D: See Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
Long term interest rates Regional disparities in per capita GDP
Long term unemployment as % of total unemployment Regional disparities in unemployment
Renewables: See Contribution of renewables to total primary
M energy supply
Maths, literacy and science scores from PISA Researchers: See Number of researchers
Merchandise trade: Merchandise balance in $ Road deaths per million inhabitants
Merchandise trade: Merchandise exports in $ Road deaths per million vehicles
Merchandise trade: Merchandise imports in $
Mortality: See Infant mortality S
Multi-factor productivity Savings: See Household saving rates
Municipal waste Science scores: See Maths, literacy and science scores from
PISA
N Self employment rates: men
Net immigration Self employment rates: total
Number of researchers Self employment rates: women
Nutrient use in agriculture Services, exports of: See Trade in services: Service exports
Services, imports of: See Trade in services: Service imports
Services, trade balance: See Trade in services: Service balance
U
La información que se proporciona es de todos los
Unemployment: See Long term unemployment as % of total
unemployment países miembros de la OCDE, y en algunos casos,
Unemployment: See Regional disparities in unemployment también de países no miembros seleccionados. Las
Unemployment: See Standardised unemployment rates: men series cronológicas que se proporcionan son variables
Unemployment: See Standardised unemployment rates: total de acuerdo con la naturaleza del indicador, pero en la
Unemployment: See Standardised unemployment rates: mayoría de los casos abarcan la información a partir de
women 1990 en adelante y en muchos casos incluye información
Unit labour costs: See Indicators of international
de años seleccionados cubriendo hasta 1960.
competitivity: Unit labour costs