COURSE: Commercial Equipment Laboratory 211/E

PARTICIPANTS:

Rommel Smith 212178

Jorge Manon 218490
Haashim McCorkle 217414
Michael Hudson 213223
Joaquin Velez 217460

EXPERIMENT #9
BEVERAGE COOLER

SUBMITTED ON: 11/01/07

SUBMITTED TO: Mr. ASRAFALI, H

 INTRODUCTION

This unit is a medium temperature beverage cooler designed to store and to keep
beverages cold. It has an easy to open glass door for display and accessibility purposes
allowing the beverages to be seen by the consumers. Usually found in grocery stores,
food markets, and anywhere where cold beverages are sold.
 REFRIGERATION CYCLE

To begin the process, the compressor compresses the refrigerant gas. This
compression causes an increase in the pressure of the gas which intern
increases the temperature of the gas. Next, this high-pressure, high-
temperature superheated vapor enters the condenser on the outside of the
cabinet. Heat flows from the high-temperature gas to the lower-temperature
air of the room surrounding the coil. This heat loss causes the high-pressure gas
to condense into a liquid. Hence, the work done on the gas by compressor then
converted to heat given off to the air in the room behind the refrigerator. Then
the high pressure, high temperature sub-cooled liquid passes through the liquid
line before entering the metering device. Next, the liquid refrigerant in the
external coil passes through an expansion device (capillary tube) into a coil
inside the insulated compartment of the cabinet. On the low side of a
refrigeration system refrigerant pressure is controlled by an expansion device.
The metering device(capillary tube) allows the high pressure refrigerant to
"flash" through becoming low pressure, low temperature liquid (20% Flash gas
and 80% liquid) and is lower in temperature (cooler) than the surrounding air.
Since heat is transferred from areas of greater temperature to areas of lower
temperature, heat is absorbed (from inside the cabinet by the liquid
refrigerant, causing the temperature inside the cabinet to be cooler. It then
reaches the expansion device. The state of the saturated refrigerant changes
completely into a vapor in the evaporator where the refrigerant picks up
enough heat to boil and to then become a low pressure, low temperature vapor
as it travels through the suction line it picks up even more heat to become a
high pressure, high temperature super- heated vapor as an assurance from
damaging the compressor by liquid refrigerant entering into it. In summary, at
the evaporator and the condenser is where the refrigerant changes state,
absorbing or releasing heat through boiling and condensing. The compressor
and metering device device facilitate the pressure changes, increased by the
compressor and reduced after going through the metering device. This pressure
drop causes expansion, followed by evaporation. This evaporation causes heat
absorption, thus making the inside of the cabinet cold. The cycle is complete
as the cool liquid refrigerant re-enters the evaporator to pick up more heat
from the load. The coiled surface area allows for an increased area to transfer
energy. Once the refrigerant reaches this point in the cycle, the process is then
repeated.
 ELECTRICAL SEQUENCE OF OPERATION

With power on the current will flow through the (EMF) back to the neutral side of power
keeping it on all of the time. When the switch of the CFS is closed between points 6 and
5 the CFM will be energized and it will only run with the compressor on when the TC is
closed. When the switch in the CFS is closed between points 4 and 5 the CFM and the
compressor will run at the same time on the condition that the TC is closed. If the TC
opens both the Compressor and the CFM will turn off. When the TC is closed current will
flow into the start winding of the RSIR motor developing a magnetic field by the
resistance of the start winding. Since the start winding has a higher resistance than the run
winding, the current in the start winding will be out of phase with the current in the run
winding. The phase angle difference of this particular motor is about 40 degrees. . The
electrical phase shift between the currents in the two windings is obtained by making the
impedance of the windings unequal. Single-phase induction motors lack starting torque.
To initialize motor rotation, a start winding produces magnetic pulses out-of-phase with
pulses created by the run winding. The coil of the relay is connected in series with the run
winding. The contacts are connected in series with the start winding. When the thermostat
contact closes and connects power to the motor, the starting contacts are open. This
strong current which is applied to the run winding through the current relay coil (which is
about 3 times the full load current.) produces a strong magnetic field which is strong
enough to close the contacts of the start winding. With the starting contacts closed power
is then applied to the start winding and the compressor will begin to run. As the motor
accelerates, the current flow through the relay coil decreases, the strength of the magnetic
feild becomes weaker. When the motor has reached about 75% of its full speed, the
magnetic field is weak enough to permit the solenoid to reopen the starting contacts. This
disconnects the start winding from the line The main winding has a high inductance and a
low resistance. The current, therefore, lags the voltage by a large angle. The starting
winding is designed to have a fairly low inductance and a high resistance. The magnetic
fields are out of phase by the same amount. Although the ideal angular phase difference is
90° for maximum starting torque, the 30-degree phase difference still generates a rotating
field. This supplies enough torque to start the motor. When the motor comes up to speed,
a speed-controlled start switch disconnects the starting winding from the line, and the
motor continues to run as an induction motor. The starting torque is not as great as it is in
the capacitor- start induction run AC motor.
Resistance-start Induction-run AC induction motor

Split-Phase Motor
Although all single-phase induction motors are
"split-phase" motors, the term is usually used to
describe motors lacking capacitors. This motor has
a "run" winding that remains connected at all
times. A motor of this type has very low starting
torque.

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OBSERVATION:
 Upon observing the Beverage cooler all functions seemed to be working
according to its rated values. Physically the cabinet and its mechanical parts look well
kept and maintained.

CONCLUSION:

In conclusion, after a brief discussion with the group we all agreed the machine
was in its proper and in a well working order. With regular maintenance there shouldn’t
be any major problems.

GENERAL MAINTENANCE:

1- Check door seals

2- Check condenser fan
3- Check evaporator fan
4- Check for clean Condenser coils.
5- Check for clean Evaporator coils
6- Check for proper System Charge

TROUBLESHOOTING
GUIDE
PROBLEMS/SOLUTIONS
COMMON DRAFT PROBLEMS
•This condition can force the cabinet out of square
And misalign the door. Level the unit.
•Beverage Cooler is not level. It rocks on the floor
When it is moved slightly.
Door will not close.
DOOR PROBLEMS
•Clean interior with sponge, warm water, and baking
soda.
•Interior needs to be cleaned.
Odors in beverage cooler.
ODOR IN BEVERAGE COOLER
Moisture forms on outside of
beverage cooler walls.
•Door may not be seating properly, causing the cold
air from inside the beverage cooler to meet warm
moist air from outside. .
WATER / MOISTURE / FROST OUTSIDE BEVERAGE COOLER
•This is normal.
•Open the door less often.
•Weather is hot and humid.
•Door may not be seating properly.
•Door is kept open too long or opened too frequently.
Moisture forms on inside of
beverage cooler walls.
WATER / MOISTURE / FROST INSIDE BEVERAGE COOLER
•This is normal.
•Cold control turning beverage cooler on and off.
Snapping sound.
•Move beverage cooler slightly away from the wall.
•Beverage cooler is touching the wall.
SOUND AND NOISE
Vibrating or rattling noise.
•Return keg to place of purchase and exchange for
one that has been properly refrigerated. .
•Wash glasses using soap-free detergent.
•Clean faucet with recommended cleaning kit.
•Remove items from top and place in a
separate refrigerator.
•Frozen or nearly frozen beer.
•Unrefrigerated beer for long periods of time.
•Dirty glasses.