Version 11.

Module 9
Cable Tray Design
Training Manual
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Contents

Session 1 .....................................................................1-1
Introduction ....................................................................................................1-1
Objectives....................................................................................................1-1
Must Know Points........................................................................................1-1
Cable Trays in PDMS: Basic Concepts .......................................................1-2
Cable Tray Specifications............................................................................1-2
Setting the Appropriate Specification ..........................................................1-3
Branches .....................................................................................................1-4
List Order.....................................................................................................1-7

Session 2 .....................................................................2-1
Connecting Cable Tray Components...........................................................2-1
Connecting the Branch Head or Tail ...........................................................2-2
Positioning Cable Tray Items.......................................................................2-4
Positioning Components..............................................................................2-5
Orientating Cable Tray Components ...........................................................2-8
Replacing Implied Straights with Fixed-Length Trays .................................2-9
Replacing Fixed-Length Trays with Implied Straights .................................2-9
The Cable Tray Application - A Worked Example .....................................2-11
Exercise 1..................................................................................................2-11
Exercise 2..................................................................................................2-22
Exercise 3..................................................................................................2-22

Module 9 Cable Tray Design Contents-i

Introduction
Cable tray routing is an important activity on any large project. It uses the same principles
and concepts as pipe routing in PDMS that has always been one of the major strengths of
the system, as you will discover in this session.

Objectives
At the end of this session you will be able to:
• Explain the basic concepts of Pipes and Branches
• Describe the use of Cable Tray Specifications in PDMS.
• Have a sound knowledge of Branch heads and tails and the importance of
component list order and flow direction within a branch.
• Understand how to create, position and orientate piping components.
• Describe all the functionality of the Create Components form.
• Understand the catalogue point configurations for standard components.
• Understand more complex positioning with relation to other Design items.

Must Know Points

It is important to understand the following points about Cable Tray Modelling.
• Understanding of the basic Hierarchy and what elements can be created.
• How to Navigate around the database.
• Basic understanding of the concepts of attributes.
• Origin (P0) points and axes.
• Querying the current attribute settings.
• How to change the settings of an attribute.

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Cable Trays in PDMS: Basic Concepts

PIPE

BRANCH

BEND

ELBOW

TEE

There is a separate design hierarchy for cable tray routing (this is the same as for pipes), as
shown in the preceding diagram. In principle, each Pipe element may own a number of
Branches. In turn, Branches may own a number of piping components like Elbows and
Bends .
The difference between pipes and branches is that a branch may only have two ends, while
a pipe may have any number of ends, depending on the number of branches it owns.
The simple example below shows a pipe with three ends and two branches, where the
second branch is connected to the first at the tee.

Branch 1

Tee
Branch 2

This brings in another rule that says that although a branch only has two ends, it may own
components (in this case a tee) which connect to other branches.
These simple concepts enable any number of cable tray configurations to be developed, and
form the basis of all the PDMS cable trays you will encounter.

Cable Tray Specifications

In the same way that design offices have standard cable tray specifications, PDMS has a set
of specifications from which you can choose. In fact all the components you will use in
PDMS must be defined in the Catalogue and be placed in a Specification before you can use
them. In the Training Project there are three such specifications:

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SCTG = STANDARD DUTY CABLE TRAY

MDCLG = MEDIUM DUTY CABLE TRAY
HDCTG = HEAVY DUTY CABLE TRAY

These specifications contain all the fittings you will require for the course exercises.

Setting the Appropriate Specification

The first task when building a cable tray is to decide which specification you are going to
use. Having decided on the appropriate specification, this is then set as an attribute of the
pipe. Any subsequent branches will automatically be assigned with the same specification
(although this can be re-specified if required).

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Branches
Branches serve two purposes:
They define the start and finish points of a cable tray route (known as the Head and Tail in
PDMS)
They own the cable tray components which define the route
The position and order of the piping components below branch level determine the physical
route. In PDMS you only ever need to consider the fittings, because the pipe which appears
between fittings is automatically set by PDMS according to the specifications of the fittings.

Branch Heads and Tails

All Branches need to have a start and end point. These can be a position in space (3D co-
ordinates) or a tee in your design. Heads and tails are set up via a series of attributes that
belong to the Branch element.

Head

Riser (Elbow)


Direction Tail
of
Flow


Riser (Elbow)

The attributes for Heads of Branches are:

HPOS The position in the zone where the branch starts
HCON The connection type of the branch end (BOXI or OPEN)
HDIR The direction in which the start of the branch is pointing (as if you were
looking down the tray/ladder)
HBOR The width of the tray
HREF The name of the item to which the branch head is connected (e.g. tee1 of
tray1). If this is not set, then the branch is open.
HSTU This is a reference to the catalogue which determines the material of the first
piece of tray, between the start of the branch and the first fitting (this still
needs to be set, even if there is a fitting connected directly to the head)

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The attributes for Tails of Branches are:

TPOS The position in the zone where the branch ends
TCON The connection type of the branch end (BOXI or OPEN)
TDIR The direction in which the end of the branch is pointing (as if you were looking
back down the tray)
TBOR The width of the tray
TREF The name of the item to which the branch head is connected (e.g. tee1 of
tray1). If this is not set, then the branch is open.
You do not need to specify each of these attributes every time you create a branch but it will
be necessary to do this when you create your first branch. On occasions when you connect
a branch to a tee, the attributes for head or tail are set automatically

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Fittings
When you first define a head and tail for a branch, your branch will consist of one piece of
pipe running in a straight line between the head and tail positions. This will appear as a
dotted line between the two points unless the head and tail are aligned along a common
axis. (The dotted line indicates that branch route is geometrically incorrect.)

Head

Tail

The next step in designing a cable tray is to create and position a series of fittings that define
the actual cable tray route you require. Just as on a drawing board, you need to decide the
components that are required in order to satisfy the requirements of the cables. The
components must be arranged so that the cable tray meets its design needs. However,
unlike on the drawing board, you do not need to know any fitting dimensions, PDMS derives
these automatically from the catalogue.
To create cable tray fittings, you need to select an item from the list of fittings available to
you. The main types of fitting available are as follows:
BEND REDUCER
RISER (ELBOW) CROSS
TEE FIXED TRAY (FTUB)
For all cable tray components, you will need to carry out the following steps:
Select the component from the cable tray specification
Position the component
Set the orientation

Creating Branch Members

To create a cable tray component select Create>Components... The following form will be
displayed.

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The Specification (SPREF) will be set to that of the pipe.

Normally you will define the Branch Members in Forward mode, that is, one after the other,
starting at the Head. Sometimes it is more convenient to build your branch from the Tail first.
Then you will need to work in Backwards mode.
Depress the “Auto Conn” button. This will ensure that components are automatically
connected to the previous one. Select the component from the scrollable list then hit Create.
The component will be displayed alongside the previous one.

List Order
With equipment and structures, the order in which you create items is of no importance to
the final outcome.
With cable tray components, the order in which they are laid out, as well as their individual
positions and orientations, determines the final cable tray route.
Below is an example Members list showing the components of a typical cable tray. The
current element is highlighted.

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Any new item in the branch will appear after the item you were at when you select Create.
The new item then becomes the current element. The only slight deviation from this is when
you are at a new branch, in which case the new item will be the first item in the branch. The
next item to be created is a BEND, while your current element is TEE No. 3 (item 9 in the
list). The new BEND will immediately follow the TEE and will become the current element,
thus allowing you to follow it with the next component.
List order will become second nature to you after you have created a number of branches,
but for the time being you should be aware of it and should consider carefully where your
next item is going to be inserted.

Selecting the Component from the Specification

When you select a component, say a Reducer, from the catalogue, there are often a number
of choices you can make. The description of the item can be presented to you in one of three
ways
BASIC the least amount of information is displayed
TEXT description and material displayed;
ALL all available data shown.
This can be set by selecting the following form:
Settings>Choose Options...

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This allows you to select any of the above options. This setting will depend on the amount of
information that has been stored. You can also set the Auto Connect option from this form.

Automatic Positioning and Orientation of New Components

When you select a component, you will notice that in many cases you do not need to go
through the stages of positioning and orientation. This is because the component is
automatically connected to the previous one.

Positioning and Setting the Orientation of Components

Having created and chosen a component, the next stage is to position it. If it is the first
component in the Branch you will be asked the question Open Tray Direction. When you
select the component, there is an option which by default automatically connects the
component to the previous component (or to the Branch Head if it is the first component).
Components can be positioned using the lower button on the Cable Tray Components form,
or by using any selection from the Modify, Position or Orientate options from the Cable Tray
Application menu.

P-Points

Arrive and Leave Points

Cable tray components have P–points (similar to those for equipment).
The significance of p–points is two–fold. First, they define the connection points, and
second, they determine the branch flow through the component by means of ARRIVE and
LEAVE attributes.
For the reducer shown below, you will see that the large end is at P1 and the small end is at
P2. If you use this component to increase the width of the branch, the flow in the direction of
the branch will be from P2 to P1. In order to tell PDMS the flow direction you want, you set
two numeric attributes, ARRIVE and LEAVE, to the p–point numbers you want. In this case,
ARRIVE would be set to 2 and LEAVE would be set to 1. (The default is ARRIVE 1 LEAVE
2.)

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Z P2

Y
P3
X

P1

Reducer

X Z Y

P0

P1 P2

Bend

Z P2

P0
X

P1 P3

Tee

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P2
Z

P0
Y

P1

Elbow

Module 9 Cable Tray Design 1-11

Connecting Cable Tray Components
This session tells you how to connect:
• The branch head/tail to the tail/head of another branch, or to a multiway
component, and to the first/last component within the branch.
• Adjacent components within a branch sequence.

A Connect command both Orientates and Positions the current component so that its p-
arrive is directed towards, and is aligned with, the p-leave of the previous component (in
forwards mode). Unless overridden, Connect also checks that the components to be
connected have compatible connection types (as defined by the Connection Compatibility
Tables in the Catalogue database).

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Connecting the Branch Head or Tail

NOTE: Check that you are at Branch level or below.
Wherever Head/Tail or First/Last are shown in the following sequences, select the relevant
option in each case.
Connecting to the Head/Tail of Another Branch
Select Connect from the top-level bar menu. The Connect Branch form will be displayed.

Select Head/Tail from the pull-down menu.

Select the type of item to connect to. The options on the pull -down menu under Tee are as
follows:

Multiway
Branch Head
Branch Tail
First Member
Last Member
Name…
You will see a prompt in the bottom left corner asking you to identify a Bran/Component.
Use the cursor to pick the item to be connected to.

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Connecting a Component
NOTE: Check that you are currently at Component level.
1. Select Connect from the top-level bar menu.
2. Select Component from the pull-down menu.
3. Select To Previous or To Next from the submenu.
By default, p-arrive of the current component will be connected to p-leave of the previous
component or p-leave of the current component will be connected to p-arrive of the next
component (in Forwards mode).

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Positioning Cable Tray Items

The majority of positioning of cable tray items can be performed from the Cable Tray
Components form.

The button with the default setting of Thro Cursor has the following options:

Thro Cursor a cursor-identified 3D position

Thro ID Cursor cursor-identified item
Thro Point an identified p-point
Thro Next the next item in the Branch
Thro Tail the tail of the Branch
Thro Previous the previous item in the Branch
Thro Head the head of the Branch
Connect connects to the previous component
There are many other ways to position cable tray components and these are explained in the
Design Reference Manual Part 2, Section 3 Piping, Ducting and Cable Trays.

However, here are a few examples of positioning that should be useful to you when
completing the exercises.

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Positioning Components
The Position Component option enables you to move a component without specifying a
direction. The direction of movement is the direction of the component, and so none of the
forms allow you to set a direction.
The options available are:

Distance which will move the component by a given distance

Through which will move the component along a given point
Clearance which will move the component to within a given clearance of a given
item or point
Plane Through which move the component along the line of the branches so that the
component moves until it intersects a plane through a given point. See
details over.
Plane Clearance which will extend the tube before the component so that the
component moves until it is within a given clearance of a plane
through a given point. See details over.
Select Position Component Plane Through
This can be used to position all cable tray components but is particularly useful if the
previous component is not in an orthogonal plane i.e p-leave is E45N.

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2
1

To position bend 2 in the above example, North is up the page, Plane E Through (one of the
Through position options) would place the bend in the correct position.

The options under Cursor are:

Cursor a cursor-identified 3D position
ID Cursor cursor-identified item
ID P-Point an identified p-point
Coordinate a given coordinate
Name.. a named item
Pin.. construction pin
Next he next item in the Branch
Tail he tail of the Branch
Previous the previous item in the Branch
Head he head of the Branch

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Select Position Component Plane Through Clearance

This can be used in the same way as above but is particularly useful when positioning a
component a specified clearance from a fixed design item.

The options under Only are

Only This option is used to position the item the given distance and direction from
the given point.
Infront These two options can be used for any direction in a
Behind plan view, that is directions N, S, E and W and any angles in between. They
are used as if you are looking in the direction specified.
Onto These two options are used with any direction in an elevation
Under view, that is directions U and D, and any angles in between.
From This option is used with directions N, S. E and W. It is used to position an
item the given distance from the given point.
To This option is used with directions N, S, E and W. It is used to position
an item the given distance away from its present position in the given
direction.

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Orientating Cable Tray Components

There are many ways to orientate cable tray components and are explained in the Design
Reference Manual Part 2, Section 3 Piping, Ducting and Cable Trays.
However, the main types of orientation that you will require are:

The Orientate Component option has the following submenu:

Swap Branch
Changing the Off-leg Direction of a Tee Component
To rotate a tee component through 180 degrees, so that the direction of its off-leg (P3) is
reversed, navigate to the component and select Orientate> Component> Swap Branch.
NOTE: In order to retain the correct orientation for the open side of the tray, this operation
results in the p-arrive (P1) and p-leave (P2) directions being reversed. To maintain
connectivity, p-arrive is reset to P2 and p-leave is reset to P1 automatically.

Change Exit
Changing the Branch Direction at a Tee
By default, p-arrive for a tee is set to P1, p-leave is set to P2, and the off-leg (for connection
to, say, another branch) is set to P3. To change the p-leave from P2 to P3, navigate to the
tee and select Orientate> Component> Change Exit.
Repeated use of this operation toggles p-leave between P2 and P3.
This can also be used at a Bend to change the direction the p-leave is. It Swaps the p-arrive
and p-leave, so that Pl is p-leave, and P2 is p-arrive.

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Replacing Implied Straights with Fixed-Length Trays

To add fixed-length tray (FTUB) elements to all or part of the current branch so as to replace
implied straights, select Modify>Fill. You will see a Fill Cable Tray Branch form.

Set the Fill option button to specify which part of the branch is to have fixed-length trays
inserted. The options are:
Branch - replaces all implied straights with fixed-length trays for the
entire branch.
Components - inserts fixed-length trays between two specified
components. When you OK the form you will be prompted
to pick two components using the cursor.
Head to Component - inserts fixed-length trays between a specified component and the
branch head. When you OK the form you will be prompted to pick
a component using the cursor.
Component to Tail - inserts fixed-length trays between a specified component and the
branch tail. When you OK the form you will be prompted to pick a
component using the cursor.
The fixed-length trays used are derived from the current branch specification. The number
of trays used in each location is calculated from the length of the implied straight which they
replace.

Replacing Fixed-Length Trays with Implied Straights

To unfill a cable tray that has been filled, select Modify>Unfill.. and use it in the same way as
above.

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ISODRAFT considerations
If you intend to use Isodraft to produce isometric plot files of cable trays, there are a number
of points that you will need to consider.
1. The cable tray must be data consistency checked and any errors removed before you
generate an isometric plot.
2. Any Branches that make up a Pipe must connect to the Main Branch. That is, you cannot
have a branch off a branch as this will cause ISODRAFT to fail.

Typical Isometric plot of a Cable Tray produced by Isodraft

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The Cable Tray Application - A Worked Example

Exercise 1
The tasks of setting up cable trays, branches and components are simplified by the use of
forms and menus. The first thing to consider when using the application is the specification
you are currently using as default.
The course exercises will illustrate different means of cable tray routing by giving examples
of many of the situations you will encounter.
The following worked example demonstrates how to build up the cable tray component
sequence illustrated below. It assumes that you have already set your default specification to
SCTG.

BRANCH /tray1/B1 showing input sequence

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Function Form and Location Notes

Create>Zone
Create > Zone Create hierarchy in
which Cable tray is to
be routed.

Create>Main
Create>Main When you choose
OK, a Create
Branch form (Of
similar format) is
shown automatically

Create>Branch
After pressing OK When you choose
on previous form. OK, a Branch at
Explicit Position form
is shown.

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Function Form and Location Notes

Connect>Branch
Position each end This form allows the
of Branch to its HEAD and TAIL
termination point connections to be
(HEAD & TAIL) specified, Form is
finally Dismissed.
This leaves a “dotted”
Input these values
line joining the HEAD
to start the branch
and TAIL
at the upper
penetration of the
east wall at the
south corner
named
/EASTHOLE1.
Select Apply and
then Dismiss the
form.

Create>Component Fig 1 (Tray Ref. 1)

We will now
choose a Tee that
will be connected
to the HEAD
automatically and
then repositioned.

Press the Create

button

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Function Form and Location Notes

Because the
Default button on
the Piping
Components form
is not set, you will
be shown a form
giving the available
tee options. Pick
one and press OK.

If your Choose
form does not have
the component
description set
modify the choose
options.
To do this
Settings>Choose
Options then
select ALL
Leave this set to U. The Tee will be
positioned at the start
of the branch (head)
because the Auto
Position the Tee Connect button is
using Through ID ticked.
Cursor from the
Create Cable Tray
Components form
and select the
penetration in the
floor near the
centre of the south
wall named
/FLOORHOLE1.
Create another Tee
in the same way as
above and position Fig 1 (Tray Ref. 2)
it through the next
penetration named
/FLOORHOLE2

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Function Form and Location Notes

Create a Bend The Cable Tray

from the Cable Components form
Tray Components will now be left on
List. display until the
entire Cable Tray has
been routed.
The Bend will be
connected to the
previous Tee Fig 1 (Tray Ref. 3)
because Auto
Conn has been
switched ON.

Position the Bend Use Thro ID Cursor from the above form.
through the
penetration in the
wall named
/INTHOLE1.

The leave side of The Bend’s direction

the Bend should should be facing
point “North”. If it North, as shown in
doesn't use Fig 1
Orientate>Compo
nent>Change Exit

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Function Form and Location Notes

Create a Riser and Fig 1 (Tray ref. 4)

select the OR 90
type (90 deg.
elbow outside
radius), and
position it a
Distance 5000 and
the leave should
automatically point
down. Fig 1 (Tray Ref. 5)
Create another
Riser and select
the IR 90 type (90
deg. elbow inside
radius), and use
Through ID Cursor
to position it
through the
penetration named
/INTHOLE2. The
leave should
automatically point
North.

Create a Bend Fig 1 (Tray ref. 6)

from the Cable
Tray Components
List and select the
RH 45 deg.
ANGLE type.
Position it a
distance 5000 from
the previous
component.

Create another Bend and Fig 1 (Tray ref. 7)

select the LH 45 deg.
ANGLE type. Position

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Function Form and Location Notes

this using the
Position>Component>
Plane Through.
Select a plane E and
Through ID Cursor and
pick the penetration in
the wall named
/INTHOLE3. Dismiss this
form.

Next, Create a Bend and Fig 1 (Tray ref. 8)

select the RH 90 deg.
ANGLE type. Use
Through ID Cursor to
position it through the
penetration named
/INTHOLE4

Fig 1 (Tray ref. 9)

Create a Tee and select

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Function Form and Location Notes

the type with PBOR3
600. Position the Tee
using Through ID
Cursor from the Create
Cable Tray
Components form and
select the penetration in
the floor near the centre
of the north wall named
/FLOORHOLE3.

Fig 1 (Tray ref. 10)

Create a Reducer and
select the type PBOR1
450 CONC. Position it a
distance 2500 from the
previous component.
Note: The tray we are
now creating is 450mm
wide.

Create a Bend from the Fig 1 (Tray ref. 11)

Cable Tray Components
form and select the LH
45 deg. ANGLE type.
Leave it connected to the
previous component.

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Function Form and Location Notes

Create another Bend
from the Cable Tray
Fig 1 (Tray ref. 12)
Components List and
select the RH 45 deg.
ANGLE type. Position
this using the
Position>Component>
Plane Through.
Select a plane N and
Through ID Cursor and
pick the penetration in
the wall named
/INTHOLE5. Dismiss
this form.

Fig 1 (Tray ref. 13)

Create a Tee and select

the type with PBOR3
450. Position the Tee
using Through ID
Cursor from the Create
Cable Tray
Components form and
select the penetration in
the floor near the centre
of the north wall named
/FLOORHOLE4.

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Function Form and Location Notes

Create another Tee as Fig 1 (Tray ref. 14)
above. Position the Tee
using Through ID Cursor
from the Create Cable
Tray Components form
and select the
penetration in the floor
near the centre of the
north wall named
/FLOORHOLE5.

The connection point of

the tee should point
south but it points north.
To change this select
Orientate>Component>
Swap Branch.

Create another Riser and Fig 1 (Tray ref. 15)

select the OR 90 type
(90 deg. elbow outside
radius), and use
Through ID Cursor to
position it through the
penetration named
/FLOORHOLE6. The
leave should
automatically point
Down.

2-20 Module 9 Cable Tray Design

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Function Form and Location Notes

To complete the Cable
Tray the Tail needs to be
positioned at the
penetration named
/FLOORHOLE6. Select
Connect>Branch. This
will position the Tail at
the P-leave of the last
member.
Note: This will set Tail
attributes TBOR, TPOS,
TCON and TDIR.

To position the Tail at the

penetration named
/FLOORHOLE6 select
Position>Branch>Move
Through. Select
/FLOORHOLE6 when
prompted.

The Branch is almost

finished apart from it has
not been filled. To fill the
Branch select
Modify>Fill.. and select
OK. Note: You cannot fill
a Pipe, only a Branch. If
you have made a
mistake during your
design, it is best to
Unfill, do the
modification and then Fill
again.

Module 9 Cable Tray Design 2-21

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Exercise 2
Navigate to the site named /CABLESITE that you should see in the members window. Add
this to the drawlist and select Limits>CE.
Build the Main Branch of the first cable tray.
Select Design>Cable Trays… to load the Cable Tray application. Refer to the drawing on
the next page for positions and components required. The worked example should give
enough information to allow you to build it. (This explains how to build the upper tray of the
3. Refer to fig 1 on page 1-21 whilst following the worked example as each component has a
reference number indicated in the Notes column).

Exercise 3
Create all the branches that attach to the tees in the Main.
Hint: Select Create>Branch and OK the Create Branch form. Dismiss the Branch at
Explicit Position form that appears as you are going to connect the Branch to one of the
tees in the Main Branch. Select Connect>Branch>Head>To Tee and pick the tee. Create
and position a riser (OR 90 type) and complete the branch by positioning the tail at the hole
in the floor as you did in the previous exercise.

Exercise 4
Create the lower two cable tray Main's. You can use create Copy Offset and modify the
design to suit. You will need to rename the Pipes and Branches.

Copying Branches
If you have branches of a pipe that contain similar components you may copy a complete
branch then move it in position. To create a copy, select the pipe/branch to be copied then
choose Create >Copy >Offset . . .

2-22 Module 9 Cable Tray Design

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Module 9 Cable Tray Design 2-23

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2-24 Module 9 Cable Tray Design