PSS Core Strategy

Punjab Spatial
Strat egy
2017-2047
Punjab
Spatial
Strategy
2047
A framework for integrated spatial
planning and sustainable development
Punjab
Spatial Strategy
2047
A framework for integrated spatial
planning and sustainable development
Punjab Spatial
Strat egy
2017-2047
Table of Content 01
01
Vision, Strategic Objectives & Policy
Statements
SO-1
04 Improve the global position of Punjab in terms of
attractiveness & competitiveness
SO-2
22 Develop regions based on comparative advantages
SO-3
38 Transform cities into smart, competitive and livable places
SO-4
66 Sustainable natural resource allocation and management
SO-5
82 Enhance the quality of life for all segments of society
SO-6
98 Enhance environment protection and management
SO-7
116 Implementation of integrated spatial planning system
132
02
Implementation Framework:
For Institutional & Legal Reform
140
03
Implementation Framework:
For Development Planning
List of Figur
Figure 1.1.1
02 Means of Transformation
Figure 1.1.2
03 Areas of Transformation
Figure 1.1.3
17 Human Capital Development Spatial Framework
Figure 1.3.2
49 Transit Orientated Development
Figure 1.4.2
76 Punjab Water Flows
Figure 1.7.1
122 Data-driven Spatial Decision Support System
Figure 1.7.2
126 Capacity Building Framework
Figure 1.7.3
130 Integration of Regional & Local Development Frameworks
Figure 2.1.1
133 Proposed Institutional Arrangement for Spatial Planning
Figure 3.2.1
143 Approval Mechanism
Figure 3.3.1
145 Life Cycle of Development Projects
Figure 3.3.2
147 Proposed Institutional Arrangment for Spatial Planning
and Development under PSS
Figure 3.3.3
148 Broader Steps for Integration of PSS into Existing Processes
Figure 3.4.1
151 Monitoring Mechanism
Figure 3.5.1
153 Review Mechanism - Operational Level
Figure 3.5.2
154 Review Mechanism - Policy Level
List of Map
Map 1.1
Spatial Vision of Punjab 2047
Map 1.1.1
10 Growth and Investment Areas for Industries
Map 1.1.4
21 Tourism Zones
Map 1.2.1
28 Freight Transport 2047
Map 1.2.2
32 Future Connectivity Portrait 2047
Map 1.2.3
36 Potential Industrial Growth Corridors &
Agricultural Crops Zone
Map 1.3.1
45 Punjab Cities 2047
Map 1.3.3A
54 Projected Increase in Housing Demand 2017-2047
(Medium Variant)
Map 1.3.3B
55 Projected Increase in Housing Demand 2017-2047
(High Variant)
Map 1.3.5
62 Public Transport Portrait
Map 1.4.1
72 Potential Agricultural Crops Zone
Map 1.4.3
80 Renewable Energy Potential Areas
List of Map
Map 1.5.1
88 Priority Areas for Poverty Related Interventions
Map 1.5.2
92 Priority Areas for Intervention in Health
Map 1.5.3
96 Priority Areas for Intervention in Education
Map 1.6.1
104 Conservation Areas
Map 1.6.2
109 Priority Areas Environmental Protection
Map 1.6.3
114 Urban Heat Islands
Acronym
ADP Annual Development Plan
AI Artificial Intelligance
AJWA Al-Jazzari Water and Sanitation Academy
AQI Air Quality Index
BAT Best Available Techniques

BOS Bureau of Statistics
C&W Communication and Works

CAREC Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation
CBD Convention on Biological Diversity
CDWP Central Development Working Party
CETP Combined Effluent Treatment Plants
CMI Census of Manufacturing Industries
CO Carbon Dioxide
CPEC China Pakistan Economic Corridor
DDC District Development Committee

DDSC Departmental Development Sub-Committee
DDWP Divisional Development Working Party
DG M&E Directorate General Monitoring and Evaluation
ECNEC Executive Committee of the National Economic Council

EHS Environment Health and Safety
EU European Union
FDI Foreign Direct Investment

FY Fiscal year
GDP Gross Domestic Product

GHG Green House Gas
GIS Geographical Information System
ICT Information and Communication Tools

IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
IRSA Indus River System Authority
IT Information Technology
LDA Lahore Development Authority

LG Local Government
LTP Long Term Plan
MAF Million Acre Feet

MANF Manufacturing
MBI Market Based Instruments
MICS Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey
MPDD Management & Professional Development Department
MPI Multi-dimensional Poverty Index
MTDF Medium Term Development Framework
NDC Nationally Determined Contribution

NHA National Highway Authority
NRW Non-Revenue Water
Acronym
OSR Own Source Revenues
P&D Planning and Development

PBS Punjab Bureau of Statistics
PC Project Conception
PCGIP Punjab Cities Governance Improvement Project
PDWP Provincial Development Working Party
PEQS Punjab Environmental Quality Standards
PGS Punjab Growth Strategy
PITB Punjab Information Technology Board
PLGA Punjab Local Government Academy
PM Particulate Matter
PPIC3 Punjab Police's Integrated Command, Control and
Communication
PPP Public Private Partnership
PS Policy Statement
PSCA Punjab Safe Cities Authority
PSLM Pakistan Standard of Living Measurement
PSS Punjab Spatial Strategy
PTA Provincial Transport Authority
PWON Pakistan Water Operator Network
R&D Research and Development
SDGs Sustainable Development Goals

SEZs Special Economic Zones
SMDP Smart Monitoring of Development Projects
SME Small and Medium Enterprise
SNE Scheduled New Expenditure
SO Strategic Objective
SPAP Spatial Planning Authority of Punjab
SPCP Spatial Planning Council of Punjab
SSU Strategic Support Unit
SWM Solid Waste Management
TEPA Traffic Engineering and Transport Planning Agency

TOD Transit Oriented Development
UC Union Council
UCN Union for Conservation of Nature
UIPT Urban Immovable Property Tax
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
WHO World Health Organization

WQI Water Quality Index
WSS Water Supply and Sanitation
Foreword
Punjab Spatial Strategy (PSS) is a long-term spatial planning
framework for the province of Punjab. The objective of the strategy
is to reflect current trends and functional relationships across
multiple sectors throughout the province. This information is further
used to assess each region’s potential to contribute to sustainable
development in Punjab.
A diverse team, supported by agencies were consulted PSS not only integrates spatial
international experts with a throughout the development of planning vertically across
wide range of sectoral the PSS, ensuring a provincial, regional and local
backgrounds, was engaged for collaborative approach. levels but also links it
developing the PSS to ensure horizontally across various
inclusion of multiple contemporary This process has led to a public sector stakeholders. This
perspectives. The multi-sectoral Strategy that aims to ensure approach will enable Punjab to
nature of the PSS required integrated spatial planning for move in a unified direction,
incorporation and integration transforming Punjab into an building on comparative
of suggestions and opinion of economically developed and advantage and enhance
public officials, subject experts, sustainable region by adding a competitiveness. At the same
academicians and private spatial dimension to the time, this approach will ensure
sector representatives. This was development and planning balanced and organized spatial
managed via interactive process. The strategy also development across the
stakeholder engagement and identifies potential growth province.
consultative sessions. corridors and nodes around
Stakeholders from key which to prioritize and
government departments and coordinate investments. The
The Strategy’s vision is driven by seven Strategic
Objectives (SOs) layered with 25 Policy Statements (PSs)
each elaborating on policy rationale, targets, key actions
and stakeholders. It sets out spatial policies to provide
direction to the broad pattern of public and private
investment in Punjab and acts as a layout plan for
continuous and sustainable development in the province.
The PSS advocates spatial implementation, monitoring

planning across sectors that and evaluation framework is
include industry, agriculture, proposed along with assigned
connectivity, urban, environment, roles for all key public sector
social and tourism. It also stakeholders.
focuses on improving Punjab’s
global positioning in terms of The PSS is expected to have a
attractiveness and lasting spatial impact on
competitiveness by way of policymaking, planning and
leveraging its endowments and development interventions by
comparative advantage. The both the public and private
role of urban settlements is sectors in Punjab. Therefore, its
strongly anchored within the implementation and
strategy’s growth framework institutionalization requires
that plans to transform these strong institutional anchorage
settlements into smart, on a sustainable basis through
competitive and livable places. a sound regulatory framework.
Improving people’s quality of The proposed Spatial Planning
life by reducing intra- and Authority of Punjab, to be
inter-regional disparities and guided by the Spatial Planning
ensuring access to economic Council of Punjab, will be
opportunities resonates paramount in taking forward
through each policy objective. the spatial planning strategy, its
Sustainable Development implementation and regulatory
Goals (SDGs) are internalized as aspects. Ultimately, the success
policy achievement targets in of the Strategy will rely on
each area, while ensuring their implementation of its spatial
alignment to national, policies by concerned
international, provincial and Departments and Agencies to
sectoral vision. Sustainability be guided by the Planning and
and resilience remain at the Development (P&D) Board.
core of the PSS. Role of
environment protection and
conservation is pivotal in
enhancing the quality of life of
the people of Punjab. Finally,
for the implementation of an
integrated spatial planning
system, a strong
Government of the Punjab envisions that
Punjab will play a key role in equitable and
sustainable development of Pakistan.
The vision of Naya Pakistan hinges is a need to have modern and data
upon principles of justice and equity. driven policies and planning tools – the
There are drastic spatial disparities development of this Strategy is one
across Punjab and I believe it is high such overarching measure to make this
time for the Government of Punjab to happen.
focus on creating a more equitable
The Strategy is prepared in tandem
province, and to eradicate regional
with the sectoral priorities of various
imbalances. The same principles of
departments. It sets out the province’s
balanced development are reflected in
strategic objectives that will give
the Punjab Spatial Strategy 2047, that
direction to the broad pattern of public
aims to enhance competitiveness of
investments in Punjab, and act as a
each region and build infrastructure
master plan for sustainable and
around it. This will enable efficient
balanced development of Punjab.
resource allocation and more
economic returns that will crystalize Punjab Spatial Strategy 2047 will
into economic growth and jobs for enable the Government to prioritize its
people of all the areas of Punjab. investments in an optimum manner in
order to ensure that the maximum
The youth bulge of Punjab needs more
benefits are realized for the people of
opportunities and avenues for
Punjab. I firmly believe that all citizens
channelization of their energies. This
of Punjab deserve accessible and
strategy aims to make Punjab a global
quality infrastructure and
hub for investment and trade while
opportunities, and this Strategy will be
undertaking transformations across all
the first step in achieving these
sectors. To transform Punjab into an
objectives.
Upper Middle Income economy, there
Sardar Usman Buzdar

Chief Minister of Punjab
Punjab possesses the critical mass that can
potentially propel the nation towards a high
growth trajectory.
The enormous agriculture base, officials, subject experts, academics
emerging industrial sectors and and private sector representatives.
bourgeoning services sectors along This was managed via interactive
with abundance of human resources stakeholder engagement and
and existing clusters, place Punjab at a consultative sessions. Stakeholders
very high competitive position for from key government departments
growth in the regional context. and agencies were consulted
throughout the development of PSS,
The Urban Unit developed Punjab ensuring a collaborative approach.
Spatial Strategy 2047 (PSS) along with
other Government departments and The PSS’s vision is driven by seven
through the active support from World Strategic Objectives (SOs) layered with
Bank’s Jobs & Competitiveness 25 Policy Statements (PSs), each
Program (J&C). A diverse team at the elaborating on policy rationale,
Urban Unit, supported by international targets, key action and stakeholders.
experts with a wide range of sectoral 80% of infrastructure investments in
backgrounds, was engaged for Punjab will be aligned through PSS
developing the PSS to ensure inclusion leading to a more prosperous and
of multiple contemporary equitable province.
perspectives.
The success of this strategy hinges
PSS is a future spatial portrait of the upon the implementation of its policies
province with an objective to support by the concerned departments and the
sustainable cities and rapid economic adoption of more detailed regional
development. Primarily, this Strategy development plans being developed in
assesses the potential of Punjab’s light of this core strategy. The
growth corridors and growth nodes proposed Spatial Planning Authority of
and helps prioritize and coordinate Punjab, supported by the Spatial
public sector investments that will Planning Council of Punjab, will be
further channelize private paramount in taking forward the
investments. Spatial Planning Strategy, its
implementation and regulatory
The multi-sectoral nature of the PSS
aspects.
required incorporation and integration
of suggestions and opinions of public
Habib ur Rehman Gilani

Chairman Planning & Development Board
Pakistan has been left behind in the ‘Economic Race
of Nations’. Around fifty years ago, Pakistan and
South Korea had comparable per capita incomes.
Since then South Korea has been able to increase The Province of Punjab has a major role in this
its per capita income by a factor of 184, while economic transformation of Pakistan. Punjab is
Pakistan could only increase it by 11 times. well positioned to change from its current
Similarly, twenty years ago, Pakistan and China inward looking agrarian focus to a competitive,
had similar per capita incomes. Yet China was export driven, high growth economic paradigm
able to reform its economy to become an export fueled by socio-economic transformations
powerhouse and ‘Factory of the World’. It was required for creating a global competitive
able to increase its per capita income by a advantage for Pakistan.
multiple of 17 times and lifted 700 million out of
poverty. In the same period, Pakistan’s per capita The Punjab Spatial Strategy 2047 (PSS) has been
income only increased by 3 times to reach developed to achieve the goal of rapid economic
$1,510. & development transformation leading to
middle income status in the coming decade. This
As a result seventy years after attaining will require structural changes in the economy
independence we are still mired in poverty with that can only be strategically undertaken
an inward looking low value adding agriculture, through evidence-based planning systems. The
a backward manufacturing base and an equally formulation of PSS ensures integration of spatial
weak services sector primarily serving the planning data and tools into the development
domestic economy. Pakistan has not been able and planning roadmap for transforming Punjab
to keep up with the high performing countries into an economically vibrant and prosperous
due to multiple reasons, including persistent province of dynamic Pakistan. Punjab is blessed
wars in West Asia, global terrorism, coupled with with basic components of both the rural and
poor governance, dismal investment climate and Urban economies. It has nine divisions, 36
lack of needed economic reforms. Deprived of districts comprising of approximately 24,000
the required domestic and international villages and 194 urban settlements ranging from
investment, the economy is beset with mega to intermediate and small cities. PSS is
plummeting productivity and low global expected to have a lasting spatial impact on
competitiveness. Pakistan has not been able to policymaking, planning and development
climb the ladder of development by ensuring interventions by both the public and private
increasing integration in Global Value Chains of sectors in Punjab. For the first time it will
major product lines that dominate the world systematically integrate sectorial economics and
markets. With regional conflicts and war on spatial economics in designing economic
terror gradually receding, Pakistan has an strategy in Pakistan. Successful integration
amazing opportunity to catch up. It must would need transforming the existing
leverage its large young population, rapid Governance Systems to ensure flawless
urbanization rates, the Indus river system, implementation and execution supported by
natural resources and its emerging role as a strong institutional and state facilitation to
unique economic corridor (CPEC) to strategically achieve balanced and sustainable economic
pursue the goal of rapid economic growth.
transformation needed to become a major
prosperous participant in global supply chains
and the world economy.
Dr. Salman Shah

Advisor to CM on Economic Affairs,
Planning & Development
Across the public and private sectors, a new
generation of data-driven leaders is needed to
bring a different outlook to Punjab’s most
pressing policy challenges.
In milieu of this, the Urban Unit has reinvigorated This vision is driven by spatial policies to provide
the vision of ‘Data2Policy’ and “Data2Knowledge direction to the broad pattern of public and private
& Innovation” to form its forte. The Urban Unit investment in Punjab and acts as a layout plan for
aspires to become a gold source of data for continuous and sustainable development in the
Pakistan, assisting Government in policy province. A diverse team of sector specialists
formulation and strategy execution. This will supported by international experts were arduously
enable the Urban Unit to provide smart engaged for the development of this strategy, so
knowledge-based services and solutions tailored that multiple contemporary policy perspectives
to the needs of its clientele. were incorporated. The Unit was able to liaise and
incorporate the suggestions and opinions of public
Evidence-based data driven Decision support officials, subject experts, academicians and private
systems adapting a proactive approach through sector representatives.
Big Data analytics, Information Visualization,
Predictive Modeling and Artificial Intelligence The PSS advocates spatial planning across
techniques, will go a long way in the achievement multiple sectors including industry, agriculture,
of development and service delivery targets of the connectivity, urban, environment, social and
Unit. These systems will assist the government tourism. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
departments in adopting latest paradigms such as are internalized as policy achievement targets in
Industry 4.0, Integrated Climate Smart Agriculture each area, while ensuring their alignment to
revolution and digitized knowledge-oriented national, international, provincial and sectoral
service economy. vision. The strategy also focuses on improving the
Punjab’s global positioning in terms of
Punjab, the nucleus of Pakistan’s economic and attractiveness and competitiveness by way of
social development requires an evidence-based leveraging existing endowments. The strategy aims
planning framework that rationally utilizes its to create an environment that fosters economic
scarce resources. Spatial planning provides a fresh opportunity, improve the quality of life by reducing
perspective in the policy development arena of disparities and progress settlements into smart,
Punjab, advocating for optimal utilization of competitive and livable places.
resources, development of comparative
advantage, and for a balanced and equitable PSS is expected to structurally transform the
development across the province. province into an industrious and technologically
driven center with a recognized global footprint.
The Urban Unit can proudly claim to have Therefore, the implementation of this strategy will
developed the Punjab Spatial Strategy 2047 (PSS) require strong institutional anchorage and a sound
that provides a long-term spatial planning regulatory framework. The success of the Strategy
framework for the province of Punjab. PSS is rooted in effective implementation of its spatial
envisions Punjab as a healthy, educated, policies by concerned Departments and Agencies
prosperous, equitable and sustainable federating to be guided by the Planning and Development
unit of a dynamic Pakistan, emerging as a member (P&D) Board.
of Upper-Middle Income Group of Countries.
Khalid Sherdil
CEO The Urban Unit
“Punjab as a
healthy, SO 01 SO 03 SO 05
educated,
prosperous, Improve the global position Transform cities into smart, Enhance the quality of life
equitable and of Punjab in terms of competitive & livable cities for all segments of
sustainable attractiveness & society
Guiding urban growth through
federating unit competitiveness coordinated regional planning Social inclusivity
of a dynamic Global hub for trade & investment Promoting mixed land use & transit Balanced access to healthcare &
oriented development
Pakistan Enabling environment for research & education services
Affordable housing for all
emerging as a innovation
member of Value addition & Hi tech exports Provision of urban services for all
‘Upper-Middle Emerging global tourist destination Improving mobility through efficient

public transport connections
Income Group
Embedding ICT infrastructure in cities
of Countries’”
SO 06
Enhance environment
SO 02 SO 04 protection & management
Tackling climate change
Develop regions based Sustainable natural resource Improving livability & quality of life
on their comparative allocation & management Focus on biodiversity & conservation
advantages Productivity & efficiency principles for Improving ground water quality &
efficient resource use management
Leveraging CPEC opportunities
Sustainable management of water & Improving air quality & management
Enhancing regional connectivity
energy
Developing potential growth corridors
Punjab
Integrated development of agro zones
Spatial
Strategy
Twenty
SO 07
Implementation of an integrated spatial planning system
Institutional capacity building | Evidence based integrated planning | Robust implementation & monitoring
Map 1.1: Spatial Vision of Punjab 2047
01
VISION,
STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES &
POLICY STATEMENTS
01 | Punjab Spatial Strategy 2047
1.1
Vision for
Punjab
Punjab as a healthy, educated, prosperous, equitable and
sustainable federating unit of a dynamic Pakistan, emerging as a
member of ‘Upper-Middle Income Group of Countries.’
Ever since Pakistan’s creation in sustainable development. It is provides decision-makers a

1947, Punjab has undergone a premised on an equitable wider perspective of
transformative change. As the distribution of resources. development, based on the
most populous province of interaction of various sectors,
Pakistan, second largest by To transform Punjab from an locations and socioeconomic
area, and as the largest inward-looking agrarian-driven indicators.
contributor to the country’s economy to an
GDP, Punjab’s geo-strategic outward-looking export-driven Envisioning a prosperous
significance is immense. Owing knowledge-based economy, its Punjab at 100 by 2047, 11 areas
to inequitable distribution of comparative spatial advantage of transformation have been
funds in the past, provincial needs to be scaled up into a identified (Figure 1.1.2) through
development strategies have global competitive advantage. a demand-driven approach,
exacerbated inequalities within The spatial lens of the PSS prioritizing regional
the province. Today, Punjab provides an overarching competitiveness and bridging
aspires to be on the pathway to framework through which of current gaps, while adopting
sustainable development. In development across multiple global best practices. The
this regard, the Punjab Spatial sectors can be integrated and identified areas will be targeted
Strategy (PSS) will provide its cross-sectoral impacts better through three means of
invaluable assistance. The PSS analyzed. Building on regional transformation – People, Land,
envisages Punjab as a strengths across Punjab, the and Technology – and the
prosperous unit that gives due effective incorporation of processes via which they
consideration to social, Information & Communication interact (Figure 1.1.1).
environmental and economic Tools (ICT) such as Geographic
elements in working towards Information System (GIS)
Punjab Spatial Strategy 2047 | 02
1.1.1
Means of Transformation
The Strategy aims to leverage enhance comparative advantage PSS provides details of targeted
the potential of Punjab to across each sector, and overall interventions to achieve the
achieve sustainable development. aggregate national economic above.
The means of transformation – welfare.
People, Land, and Technology –
are necessary for achieving Technology
sustainable, inclusive, and Land The PSS aims to improve the
rapid economic development Land is one of Punjab’s primary contribution of Punjab’s
(Figure 1.1.1). assets. Its optimal utilization is manufacturing sector to the
essential for sustainable GDP. Industrialization, in
conjunction with improved
productivity of factor inputs
PEOPLE and a competitive economic
Skills & Knowledge landscape, can become a driver
Productivity
Economic Opportunities
of further economic growth.
Investments in technology will
be a primary contributor to
SUSTAINABLE efficiency of Punjab’s industrial
sector. China Pakistan
DEVELOPMENT
Economic Corridor (CPEC) will
TECHNOLOGY LAND further lead to technology
Competitiveness Natural Endowments transfer that will improve
Hi-tech Manufacturing Culture & Heritage sectoral productivity across
GVCs Cities & Urban Policy agriculture, industry and
services sectors.
Figure 1.1.1: Means of Transformation

Processes
Critical Processes that will make
People the PSS vision a reality include
digitizing strategic operations,
With a population of 110 development. Despite an
million, people of Punjab are a abundance of rich fertile land, mapping baseline data on tools
key resource. Hence the province faces low such as GIS and management
improvement in their skills and agricultural productivity. This is Information System (MIS),
knowledge will be a key focus of primarily due to emphasis on introduction of innovative
the PSS. Ensuring welfare of the low value produce limiting practices, regular monitoring of
people of Punjab is a income generation in the activities, and optimization of
fundamental principle of the agriculture sector and current operations. These will
Strategy and remains a key contributing to rural poverty. enable temporal and spatial
ingredient for enhancing The transition from subsistence scalability. To effectively utilize
productivity and regional -level agriculture towards the potential of land, people
competitiveness. Higher value-added export-oriented and technology as a means of
productivity will lead to greater agriculture will generate wealth transformation, the interaction
economic activity, creating in the agriculture sector. It will of these factors through a
opportunities for investment, also ensure greater food well-designed and thought-out
job creation, and ultimately security and strengthen the processes remain essential.
citizens’ welfare. national economy. Punjab will
Improvements in human capital also have to invest in its cities to
and increasing productivity will reduce inter-city disparity. The
AREAS OF TRANSFORMATIO
COMPETITVENESS CITIES
Growth Potential Urban Services
Linkages Smart & Safe cities
Phasing New Economic City
SUSTAINABILITY CONNECTIVITY
Land Gateways & Corridors
Water Mass Transit system
Human Resource Public Private Partnership
SOCIAL DEVELOPEMENT ENVIRONMENT

Healthcare Climate Change
Education Livability
Inequality Biodiversity
Aﬀordable Housing
HUMAN CAPITAL
INDUSTRIAL Human Development
Global Value Chain Skills Development
Value Added & Hi Tech Exports Institutional Capacity Building
Industrial Corridors
GOVERNANCE
AGRICULTURAL Spatial Planning
Productivity Evidence based Planning
Eﬃciency
Livestock Development
TOURISM
Eco Tourism
Heritage Tourism
1.1.2
Punjab has immense growth potential for leveraging its natural endowments and human resources and
for promoting technological advancement. It has the highest urbanization rate in the country – there are
194 urban centers across the province, with over 37% of the population living within demarcated city
boundaries growing at an annual rate of more than 3%. Even though Punjab contributes to 60% of the
national economy, it has limited global interconnectedness and export orientation. The challenge now is
to change its comparative advantage towards its competitive advantage.
To do this, the PSS has identified key areas (Figure 1.1.2) of structural transformation on the basis of a
demand-driven approach, guided by sectoral strategic objectives and policy goals.
Figure 1.1.2: Areas of Transformation

SO-1
Improve the global position
of Punjab in terms of attractiveness
and competitiveness
PS 1.1: Leverage international
opportunities to transform
Punjab into a global hub for
trade & investment
PS 1.2: Enable diversification

through support of modern
technologies and innovations
PS 1.3: Develop human capital

to enhance productivity
PS 1.4: Preserve & promote the

cultural heritage and natural
sites to maximize tourism
potential
01
Improve the global position of
Strategic
Objective
Punjab in terms of attractivenes
and competitiveness
The image of Punjab in the economic development. education. There is lack of

global context plays a crucial Spatially informed decisions innovation in production
role in Pakistan’s appeal to can ensure appropriate processes and a lesser focus on
international investment. CPEC measures are taken for the research, which leads to low
has presented itself as a great development of agricultural productivity levels across
opportunity for strengthening and industrial zones, directed sectors.
ties between entrepreneurs towards targeted areas and
and investors across Asia. This sectors. High value In addition to making
opportunity, if optimally export-oriented crop zones investments in agriculture and
leveraged, can lead to supported by integrated industries, Punjab’s natural and
technology transfer and job facilities framework can cultural endowments must also
creation in Punjab. The next augment agricultural be leveraged. These endowments
step for Punjab should be to production. Industrial corridors create an immense potential for
enter into value-added with necessary infrastructure, tourism. Promoting Punjab, as
manufacturing, supported by support mechanisms, access to a foreign friendly region and a
an environment that is utilities and common facilities business destination can be an
business-friendly and can improve Punjab’s industrial important aspect of pushing
export-oriented. This will competitiveness. Such spatially tourism for economic growth in
enable Punjab to enter Global informed and targeted Punjab. A vibrant business
Value Chains (GVCs), interventions in both community supported by
particularly in low technology agriculture and industries can conducive infrastructure and
labor-intensive sectors. result in economy-wide value policies can provide the
addition. necessary shift towards innovation
Traditionally, however, Punjab driven entrepreneurship in an
has had an economic The province has an abundant emerging international
advantage in the agriculture human resource endowment. business arena.
sector. The abundance of labor, However, much of this resource
natural endowments and lacks training in contemporary
locational advantages can skills – only 5.6% of the
become a basis for expanding population has received
the existing agricultural base tertiary education, with a mere
and move towards sustainable 0.5% with any kind of technical
PS
1.1
Leverage Policy Background

International Between 2013 and 2018, Pakistan’s total
exports, the majority of which arose from
Opportunities Punjab, witnessed an unprecedented decline of

more than 5% despite free market access to the
European Union (EU). Meanwhile, imports have
to Transform surged by more than 80%. With only 6% of the
firms having an export orientation, the export
Punjab into a base of Punjab’s labor-intensive sectors is not
expanding, leading to a shrinking share of
Global Hub exports in international markets. For instance,
in the period between 2012 and 2016 the share
for Trade & of fresh food fell from 0.5% to 0.44%, textiles
from 3.15% to 2.6%, and leather products from
Investment 0.32% to 0.24%. However, the province has the

potential and resources to turn its comparative
advantages into a significant competitive
advantage. Global connectivity through
emerging opportunities (CPEC and Central Asia
Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC))
aspire Punjab towards becoming a ‘Future
Factory of the World.’ China’s labor-intensive
and light manufacturing industry has already
begun relocation of 85 million jobs where
Punjab, through provision of a conducive
environment, stands a good chance to become
a potential but ideal destination for some of
these jobs.
Relevance to Relevance to
National Visions and Sustainable
Strategies Development Goals
Pakistan Vision 2025 Goal 9
Make 'Made in Pakistan' a symbol of Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
quality
Target 9.B
CPEC Long Term Plan 2030 Support domestic technology
Make Punjab’s industry more development, research and innovation
competitive to promote industrial diversification
and value addition
Punjab Growth Strategy 2018
Achieve positive growth for all sectors Goal 17
through an increase in the share of Partnerships to achieve the Goal
global exports
Target 17.3
Strategic Trade Policy Mobilize additional financial resources
Framework 2018 for developing countries from multiple
Increase share in regional trade sources
Industries Sector Plan 2018 Target 17.11

Increase Punjab’s exports by Significantly increase exports
15% every year
Expected Targets
Indicator Details & Baseline Target Target Target
Source 2027 2037 2047
Punjab industrial Survey of 4.1% > 10% >15% ~15%

production index Industrial
growth Production and
Employment
Report 2017,
BOS, Punjab
Punjab’s firms in Census for 6% 15% 25% 40%

export business Manufacturing
Industries (CMI)
2016
Foreign Direct No data is 5% of the 10% of the 15% of the

Investment in available Provincial GDP Provincial GDP Provincial GDP
production
sectors
Pakistan’s share International Food 0.12% Food 1% Food 2% Food 5%

in global markets Trade Centre Textiles 2.6% Textiles 5% Textiles 8% Textiles 10%
of basic & 2016 Clothing 1% Clothing 3% Clothing 8% Clothing 15%
labor-intensive Leather 0.3% Leather 1% Leather 3% Leather 5%
sectors Basic Manf. 0.6% Basic Manf. 2% Basic Manf. 5% Basic Manf. 15%
Key Actions Expected Outcome

Required
Development of knowledge-based investment and trade
Develop and incentivize services and hubs at Lahore, Multan, Faisalabad, Gujranwala and
business parks in priority corridors Sialkot
and in large cities for achieving
integrated and organized Leveraging potential benefits of opportunities brought
development. forth by CPEC and CAREC
Develop and implement

provincial-level industrial policy and
product plans to capture optimum Key Stakeholders
opportunities within priority
locations and thrust areas. Federal
Ministry of Planning, Development & Reform,
Provide, on priority, localized Ministry of Industries & Production and
support, incentives and facilitations Ministry of Commerce & Trade
to support investments in areas
having a high concentration of Provincial
labor-intensive sectors and Small Technical Education & Vocational Training Authority,
and Medium Enterprises that will Livestock & Dairy Development Department,
expand industrial sector base and Mines & Minerals Department and
export-orientation. Agriculture Department
Offer and upgrade both hard and soft

infrastructure in high-potential areas Key Agency
to spur integrated industrial
development in product specific Industries, Commerce & Investment Department
categories.
Encourage import-substitution by
strengthening domestic commerce,
attracting investments and
technology, leveraging growing
middle-income class.
Deploy certification and reward

mechanism at local levels to
promote exports and to ensure
quality, environment, social and
safety related compliances of
products and firms with
international standards.
Undertake and pioneer the ‘Made in

Pakistan’ as a special program with
support from the Federal
Government to promote Punjab’s
industry and attract investments
from across the globe in Punjab’s
Special Economic Zones (SEZs) and
industrial corridors.
Gilgit
Baltistan
Growth and Investment

Areas for Industries
Afghanistan
KPK Taxila AJK

Attock
ICT
Jammu and
Rawalpindi Kashmir
Rawalpindi
Chakwal Jehlum
Mianwali Gujrat
FATA
Sargodha Sialkot
Sargodha Gujranwala Gujranwala
Sheikhupura
Bhakkar Faisalabad
Chiniot
Lahore Lahore
Jhang Faisalabad Kasur
Okara
DG Khan Sahiwal
Sahiwal
Balochistan
Dera Ghazi Khan Multan

Multan Legends
Priority Investment Areas
High
Moderate
Minerals & Mines
Bahawalpur Key Industrial Growth Corridors
Industrial Corridors
Nodes
Rahim
Early Harvest
Yar Khan Medium Term
Bahawalpur Long Term
Indusrial Zones/Clusters
Mixed/Hybrid
Agro & Food Processing
India Textile & Clothing
Light Engineering
Chemicals & Minerals
N Autos & Parts
Electronics & Components
High-tech (Technopoles)
Sindh
Services & Support Zones/Parks
Software & IT
0 50 100 Logistics & Cargo
Financial & Support Services
Map 1.1.1: Growth and Investment Areas for Industries

PS
1.2
Enable Policy Background

Diversification Over the past decade, regional economies like
China and India have been able to increase
through exports in high-technology sectors. However

Punjab’s integration in global value chains and
its share in such exports has remained limited.
Support of In 2016, the share of Pakistan’s exports from the
hi-tech sectors was only 2% of its total exports,
Modern compared to 7% and 25% for India and China
respectively. Most of Pakistan’s access to the
Technologies global markets of Pakistan is limited to
agriculture or labor-intensive value chains with
& Innovation low value additions. Pakistan has only three
markets for its electrical components industry
as compared to 26 and 9 for India and China,
respectively. Low diversification, innovation
and outreach are partly a result of a lack of
support for technology integration. Public
sector expenditure levels for Research &
Development (R&D) in Pakistan stands at 0.25%
of the GDP compared to 0.69% in India and
2.1% in China. Thus Punjab must develop a
strong knowledge and innovation base to
propel Pakistan into higher value added and
diversified value chains.
CPEC Long Term Plan 2030 Goal 4
Pakistan’s vision: Strengthen exchanges Quality Education
and cooperation among educational
and research institutions promoting Target 4.4
technology transfer Increase youth technical capabilities
including ICT skills
Pillar VI: Knowledge economy Decent Work and Economic Growth
National Science, Technology Target 8.2

and Innovation Policy 2012 Achieve higher levels of economic
Objectives: R&D Infrastructure productivity through diversification,
technological upgrading and innovation,
Strategic Trade Policy with a focus on high-value added and
labor-intensive sectors
Framework 2018
Product Sophistication & Diversification Goal 9
Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
Industries Sector Plan 2018
Industrial Support Centers Target 9.4
By 2030, upgrade infrastructure and
retrofit industries to make them
sustainable through efficient
technologies.
Target 9.5
Enhance scientific research and
technological capability of industry by
encouraging innovation and R & D
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Share of Census for 32% 45% 50% 60%

manufacturing Manufacturing
employment Industries (CMI)
other than 2016
present top-five
sectors
Share of hi-tech CMI 2016 Less than 1% 2% 5% 15%

in overall
manufacturing
employment
Number of CMI 2016 Textiles: 8 Double from Retain Attain

products in Food: 13 baseline maximum maximum value
manufacturing Metal: 8 diversification additions
sectors Chemicals: 8 in value chains

Required
Developed high-potential areas like Rawalpindi, Lahore,
Launch technology-upgrading Faisalabad, Gujranwala and Multan into Punjab’s
schemes for high potential districts technology hubs and innovation centers
and clusters with incentives for firms
and businesses to adopt Best Incorporation of modern technologies and innovation
Available Techniques (BAT) and ecosystem into industrial corridors
modern production systems.
Local firms enabled to improve their productivity and
Develop and launch a long-term efficiency, allowing them to gain global competitiveness
strategic framework to trigger
technology-driven development in Established specialized support for exporting hubs in
outward-looking and high industrial corridors
value-added sectors.
Develop centers of excellence to

promote R&D for industry, Key Stakeholders
agriculture and other economic
sectors within industrial corridors Federal
with global linkages. Ministry of Science & Technology,
Ministry of Industries & Production,
Establish incubation centers with Ministry of Commerce & Trade,
state-of-the-art laboratories, testing Ministry of National Food Security & Research,
facilities and display halls in large Small & Medium Enterprises Development Authority,
cities (nodes of industrial corridors) National Agricultural Research Centre and
along with enabling instruments for Higher Education Commission
promotion of innovation and
knowledge centre. Provincial
Punjab Board of Investment & Trade,
Develop software and IT parks in Punjab Information Technology Board,
mega and large cities to link Punjab’s Agriculture Department and
youth to the digital world. Higher Education Department
Support establishment of effluent

treatment facilities in industrial Key Agency
corridors to curtail negative
externalities. Industries, Commerce & Investment Department
Support economic agglomeration

and large-scale manufacturing with
a focus on corridors and large cities
to foster global interconnectedness
and interaction.
PS
1.3
Develop Policy Background

Human Punjab is impeded by inadequate human
capital and low entrepreneurship capabilities,
Capital to and has remained unable to attract regional

investments. Low labor productivity in
agriculture, industry and services has hindered
Enhance provincial competitiveness despite low wages.
With only 5.6% of the population with tertiary
Productivity education, and a mere 0.5% trained in technical
education, Punjab is not adequately equipped
to attract international investments. Due to a
lack of focus on human capital development,
the educational and training infrastructure is
insufficient to cater to the demands of various
economic sectors. Dissemination of
skills-focused trainings is essential to realize
demographic dividends from the growing
youth bulge. Demand-driven skills are needed
to support productivity and innovations across
all sectors including industry, agriculture,
livestock and services. An appropriate skills
development infrastructure will therefore, act
as the main driver for improving labor
productivity and enhancing attractiveness of
Punjab as an investment destination.
National Education Policy 2017 Goal 4
Universal access/enrollment; universal Quality Education
retention; and universal achievement
Target 4.4
Pakistan Vision 2025 Increase youth technical capabilities
Pillar IV: Knowledge Economy including ICT skills
4.a) Upgrade education & training
Punjab Growth Strategy 2018 infrastructure
Training 2 million graduates 4.b) Provide funding to promote
research and innovation
Industries Sectoral Plan 2018
Addressing technical capacity Goal 9
Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
Punjab Agriculture Policy 2017
Capacity development Target 9.5
Enhance scientific research, upgrade
Punjab Youth Policy 2012 the technological capabilities of
Development of human resource base industrial sectors
of the youth as knowledge workers
Goal 17
Auto Development Policy Partnerships to achieve the Goal
2016-21
Build technical capacity Target 17.8
Capacity building on modern
technologies and systems for
optimization
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Population with Pakistan 5.6% 10% 15% 30%

Tertiary Standard of
Education Living
Measurement
(PSLM) 2015
Population with PSLM 2015 0.5% 5% 8% 10%

technical
education and
formal trainings
Worker Various sources $4,350 Double from Four times Eight times
productivity per baseline from baseline from baseline
employed worker
Trained farmers No specific skills 20% of total 40% of total 60% of total
at cluster level training farmers farmers farmers

Required
Enhanced productivity in all sectors supported
Develop and implement a long-term by improved training and skills in all cities, corridors,
human capital transformation plan clusters and zones
to support spatially balanced
economic development. Reduction of regional disparities supported by local
development in areas with limited economic activities
Promote and support localized and skills through knowledge and demand-driven
reforms in skills development and technical skills required for labor-intensive sectors
higher education, based on
comparative advantages, while Improved competitiveness in all sectors through
enabling local institutions to lead promotion of industry-academia linkages
with active private sector and localized R&D
collaborations and participation of
women.
Prioritize public sector investments Key Stakeholders

for up-gradation of existing facilities
and establishment of new general Federal
universities, applied universities and Ministry of Industries & Production,
incubation, business, training, and Small & Medium Enterprise Development Authority,
R&D centers as per the cities’ needs. Ministry of Science & Technology,
Ministry of Youth Affairs,
Improve industry-academia linkages Ministry of Women Development,
to support demand-driven skills National Vocational & Technical Training Commission,
development and encourage and Higher Education Commission
Public-Private Partnerships for
investments and trainings in high Provincial
priority industrial and agricultural School Education Department,
clusters. Technical Education & Vocational Training Authority,
Punjab Vocational Training Council,
Offer cluster-based specialized Industries, Commerce & Investment Department,
trainings to farmers for supporting Agriculture Department,
diversifications and for the Punjab Small Industrial Corporation,
introduction of modern farming Labor & Human Resource Department,
techniques and improving crop yield Youth Affairs, Sports, Archaeology & Tourism
and input efficiencies. Department and
Women Development Department
Deploy certification mechanism for
all trades, skills and professions to
ensure and authenticate trained Key Agency
individuals and also to create a
repository of localized human Higher Education Department
capital pool.
Support youth to integrate them into

global talent value chains especially
in IT and other high-tech fields.
Human Capital Development
Spatial Framework
SEZs, Agriculture Zones Tourism

Business Parks Zones
Large and
Intermediate
Cities
Industrial Corridor
Industrial Corridor
Industrial Corridor
Small Cities Towns
Minerals & Mines
LEGENDS
Technical Training Vocational Training
R & D Centres/Labs Business Centres
Centres Centres
Innovation Centres Incubation Centres Applied Universities General Universities
Service Standard Knowledge & Skills

One Window Cell Resource Centre
Maintenance Centre Transfer
Figure 1.1.3: Human Capital Development Spatial Framework

PS
1.4
Preserve & Policy Background

Promote The tourism sector contributes a tenth to the
global GDP. The South Asian region is
Cultural witnessing the fastest growth in tourism

according to the World Travel and Tourism
Council. Pakistan does not compare well with
Heritage and countries like Vietnam, India and Sri Lanka. This
is even more concerning as the tourism sector
Natural Sites has an important part to play in bringing capital
into the domestic economy. Tourism has
to Maximize proven to be a source of poverty reduction and
job creation, and has positive impacts on a
Tourism country’s international image, all of which are
essential for attracting Foreign Direct
Potential Investment (FDI). Unfortunately, public

spending in Punjab’s tourism sector remains
very low. Through the PSS, the initial focus will
be on developing three zones for capitalizing
existing urban and connectivity infrastructure
and proximity to major sights with potential to
attract tourism. These three zones will need
distinct marketing strategies and formulation of
a province-wide destination calendar catering
to different tourist seasons for each zone.
Additionally, developments of new tourist
destinations are required due to a spatial
imbalance in Punjab and to offset the current
load of domestic tourism on existing
destinations.
Tourism Policy 2009 Goal 8
Create niche for Pakistan in the global Decent Work and Economic Growth
tourism market by projecting it as a
four-season tourist destination with a Target 8.9
rich cultural and historical heritage By 2030, devise and implement policies
to promote sustainable tourism that
creates jobs and promotes local culture
and products
Goal 11
Sustainable Cities and Communities
Target 11.4
Strengthen efforts to protect and
safeguard the world’s cultural and
natural heritage
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Tourist Arrivals A Provincial Initiate data Improve by Improve by Improve by

Database of collection 30% of 2019 60% of 2019 100% of 2019
Tourist Visits to at tourism Baseline Baseline Baseline
all sites, both destinations
Domestic and across the
International: province
Starting with
Fiscal Year FY19
Public Spending Planning and Initiate Report Increase two Increase three Increase four
on Tourism as a Development on Annual fold fold fold
percentage of Board. ADP Spending on
Annual Record: Starting Tourism
Development with FY19
Plan

Required Development of three tourism zones through a
Hub-and Spoke model so that potential tourism
Initiate provincial standards for assets are developed in the form of clusters catering
tourism services in both private and to various kinds of tourism including historic,
public sectors prioritizing hygiene
adventure, urban and natural and eco-tourism.
and service-orientation.
Zone 1: Lahore Zone | Hub: Lahore
Establish a database of tourist visits, Potential: Urban, Religious (Sikh),
both domestic and international, at Historic (Mughal), Cultural
various sites to update future policy.
Zone 2: North Zone | Hub: Rawalpindi/Islamabad
Develop a marketing and branding Potential: Historic (Gandhara),
plan for Punjab to encompass Cultural & Adventure, Natural
tourism and investments flows.
Highlight the diversity of Punjab’s culture Zone 3: South Zone | Hub: Multan
and the three tourism zones, building on Potential: Historic, Cultural, Religious (Sufi),
input from on-ground stakeholders Adventure
Restore, conserve and develop Intervention Destination 1

heritage & natural sites at a priority. Soon Valley and near-by sites
Potential for Eco-Tourism Zone
Restore and develop UNESCO sites
in the three zones. Intervention Destination 2
Conserve the natural environment Fort Monroe and near-by sites
surrounding the destinations, especially in Potential for Alternate Hill Destination
the north zone
Develop Provincial tourism zones

with distinct identities and
Key Stakeholders
proximity to potential cultural and
heritage sites in a Hub-and-Spoke Provincial
model Tourism Development Corporation of Punjab,
Auqaf & Religious Affairs Department,
Develop the identified one-day destinations Development Authorities and
around Lahore, Rawalpindi and Multan Local Governments
Market the zones based on their distinct
identity with respect to culture/language
and tourism potential Key Agency
Upgrade and standardize facilities at each Youth Affairs, Sports, Archaeology &
urban hub and its nearby destinations
Tourism Department
Urban centers to include tourism
areas as part of their city master
plans where hospitality and tourism
investments are to be encouraged
through both private & public
sectors.
Develop two new tourist
destinations – Fort Monroe and Soon
Valley - to limit the strain on existing
tourism infrastructure based on
principles of sustainability, with a
focus on eco-tourism.
Enhance connectivity of these two sites
with the rest of the province
Establish hotels and infrastructure that is

future-ready
Tourism Zones Giligit
Baltistan
Afghanistan
KPK
AJ&K
ICT Jammu &

Kashmir
Jinnah
Barrage
Rohtas Fort Marala

Headworks
FATA Chashma Head

Rasool
Barrage
Barrage Khanki
Qadirabad Barrage
Lahore Fort
Shalimar Gardan
Head
Head Balloki
Trimu
Balochistan
Taunsa
Barrage
Head
Sidhnai Legends
Head
Sulaimanki
Airports
International
Head Natural Tourism Sites

Islam
National Park
Wildlife Sanctuary
Head
Panjnad Game Reserves
Salt Mine
Barrage
Headworks
Forest
India
Lake
River
Heritage Sites
UNESCO World Heritage Sites
Tentative UNESCO World Heritage Sites
Sindh
Shrine
Gurudwara
N
Fort
Proposed Tourism Zones
Lahore Zone
Northern Zone
Southern Zone
Fort Monroe (Alternate Hill Destination)
0 50 100
Soon Valley (Eco-tourism Zone)
Map 1.1.4: Tourism Zones

SO-2
Develop regions based on
their comparative advantages
PS 2.1: Leveraging the benefits
from CPEC to advance regional
and international trade
PS 2.2: Build an efficient road

transport network for economic
growth and integrated regional
connectivity
PS 2.3: Leverage areas to their

full potential and enhance
competitive advantages
02
Develop regions based on their
Strategic
Objective
comparative advantages
CPEC has the potential to remains concentrated in the To develop the comparative
improve the global standing of eastern, central and northern advantage of regions, industrial
Punjab by making it the main parts of Punjab. For example, corridors and agricultural zones
transit hub of the region. To districts of Bahawalpur, will be set up. These corridors
leverage this geographic Sahiwal and Dera Ghazi Khan and zones will be supported by
potential and realize are primarily agricultural, with specialized and targeted
sustainable economic growth, a limited industrial and services infrastructure that will
it is essential to develop an sector. incorporate hard and soft
evidence-based long-term features including extension
spatial plan for Punjab. Spatial sensitivity makes for services, Research &
effective connectivity within Development (R&D), trainings,
In the past, absence of spatial the province. Under the PSS, breeding, seeding, nursing and
criteria in infrastructure Punjab will promote warehousing based on product
investment decisions has led to connectivity by linking the requirements. The focus will be
an allocation of non-optimal north-south and east-west on ensuring alignment between
locations, leading to a lower sections of the province and various training and research
return on investments. This has aligning these with CPEC. These facilities.
resulted in unevenness in the networks will also connect to
road network that runs from the seaport towards the south
north to south but does not of Pakistan. This port
provide any east-west connectivity. connection will allow
Hence development of the Punjab-based goods and
western side of Punjab has lagged services to gain access to
behind. This has created an Middle Eastern and wider
impediment to trade, global markets. These networks
socio-economic development, will employ land freights as the
and integration with the rest of primary instrument for
the province & Pakistan. Likewise, increasing trade with regional
industrial concentration is also partners like China, Central
in the north and east of the Asia, Afghanistan and Iran.
province while agriculture
PS
2.1
Leveraging Policy Background

the Benefits CPEC provides an opportunity to upgrade the
freight transport sector of Punjab. In order to
from CPEC to leverage benefits from CPEC, Punjab has to

transform its road corridors into freight
corridors by linking its agriculture and
Advance industrial corridors with its dry ports and by
developing freight terminals to facilitate goods
Regional and delivery. Punjab has typically had a
disorganized freight transport sector due to
International lack of freight corridors and terminals, spatial
disintegration of dry ports and industrial units,
Trade and poor multi-modal road freight operations
resulting from a fragmented trucking industry.
Deteriorating train freight operations has
worsened the situation. Further, there is no
multi-modal freight terminal where both
container and bulk freight can be handled. The
trucking sector’s performance is below par due
to a weak system of financing and leasing, high
freight rates, and inadequate serviceability.
Punjab needs to define a high-speed freight
network using CPEC as its primary corridor. All
other roads within the hierarchal road system of
the province will act as feeder routes to this
primary corridor. Development of a trunk and
feeder road system will not only help in the
timely delivery of goods but also stimulate
industrial and agriculture productivity.
Pillar VII; Modernize infrastructure and Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
strengthen regional connectivity
Target 9.1
Trucking Policy 2007 Develop quality, reliable, sustainable
Recommendations for freight and and resilient infrastructure, including
logistics industry regional and trans-border
infrastructure, to support economic
National Transport Policy of development and human well-being,
Pakistan 2017 with a focus on affordable and
Target policy directives for equitable access for all
multimodal logistics
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Percentage of National 85 >95 >97 >99

Industrial units Highway
with access to Authority
high-speed Database,
provincial Communication
highway links & Works (C&W)
(30 min) Department,
Urban Unit Road
Network
Database, and
Census of
Manufacturing
Industries 2016
Number of freight Ministry of 0 4 7 9

terminals Communication
and Transport
Department
Number of dry Ministry of 7 9 12 16

ports Communication
and Ministry of
Railway

Required
Integration of production and consumer
Develop freight corridors by linking locations through spatially distributed freight
industries with high-speed road terminals (Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Lahore,
network. Faisalabad, Mianwali, Bhakkar, Arifwala, Multan
and Rahim Yar Khan)
Establish freight terminals for
efficient handling and delivery of Establishment of high-speed links between
container and bulk cargo across the farms and markets
province.
Efficient movement of goods through spatially
Develop dry ports considering matched dry ports at Mianwali, Rahim Yar Khan,
spatial distribution of industries for Bhawalnagar and Pindi Bhattian with freight
improved freight logistics. corridors and industrial nodes
Up-gradation of the trucking sector Reduction of freight cost of agriculture produce

for enhancing the efficiency of
freight operations.
Key Stakeholders
Build a hierarchal freight delivery
network to facilitate regional, Federal
trans-provincial and international Ministry of Communications,
trade. Ministry of Industries & Production and
Ministry of Railways
Provincial
Communication & Works Department
Key Agency
Transport Department
Gilgit
KPK Baltistan
Freight Transport 2047
AJK
Murree
Attock Jammu and
ICT
Kashmir
Afghanistan Rawalpindi
Chakwal
Dinga
FATA Gujrat
Mianwali Mandi Bahauddin
Sialkot
Narrowal
Gujranwala
Sargodha
Sheikhupura
Bhakkar
Faisalabad Lahore
Jhang
Kasur
Layyah
Balochistan
Sahiwal
Pakpattan India
Arifwala
Multan
DG Khan Vehari Bahawalnagar
Bahawalpur
Rajanpur Fortabbas
Legends
City
Railway Station
Rahim Yar Khan Existing Dryport
Proposed Dryport
Proposed Freight Terminal
Airport
International
Domestic
N Airfield
Primary Freight Corridor

Motorway (CPEC)
Railway Line (ML-1)
Sindh
Secondary Freight Corridor

National Highway
0 50 100
Provincial Highway (Dual Carriageway)
Map 1.2.1: Freight Transport 2047

PS
2.2
Build an Policy Background

Efficient Road Differential transport operations coupled with
ad hoc development of road infrastructure,
Transport chronic neglect of railways, and poor

management has led to a fragmented transport
network resulting in high connectivity and
Network for freight delivery costs. Natural preference for
development along existing water channels has
Economic resulted in road and rail network development
in a north-south direction with poor east-west
Growth and linkages. The latter region therefore suffers
from lack of adequate development.
Integrated Connecting high potential industrial and
agriculture growth corridors and nodes and
Regional supporting under-developed areas through

faster connections with the rest of the province
Connectivity
using an efficient road transport network for
multimodal operations will not only provide
regional, trans-provincial and international
competitiveness but will also help in achieving
development goals.
Target 9.1
National Transport Policy 2018 Develop quality, reliable, sustainable
Improve connectivity and accessibility and resilient infrastructure, including
for all regional and trans-border
Policy Paper for Road development and human well-being,
Infrastructure in Punjab 2016 with a focus on affordable and
Sector Plan of Communication and equitable access for all
Works Department, Punjab
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Percentage of National 77 >83 >90 >98

population with Highway
30min access Authority (NHA)
time to Database,
High-Speed Link Communication
(Dual &Works (C&W)
Carriageways) Department,
Urban Unit Road
Network
Database
Percentage share C&W 12 >21 >33 >40

of Dual Department,
Carriageways Urban Unit Road
with in provincial Network
highways Database

Required
Enhanced connectivity through high speed links
Develop reliable inter-city and spatially integrating industrial, agriculture and
inter-regional road infrastructure for housing nodes across Punjab
connecting industrial, agricultural
corridors and services nodes. Achieve socioeconomic prosperity and spatial
cohesion of deprived areas via spatially integrated
Develop new and upgrade existing linkages across the province
road links for regional,
trans-provincial and international Elimination of any spatial mismatch by
trade and competitiveness. geographic inclusion through a high-speed road
network
Construct missing links to ensure
access to high speed links for safe
and efficient movement of both
people and goods. Key Stakeholders
Develop East-West connectivity for Federal
CPEC and equitable growth across Ministry of Communications,
the province. National Highway Authority and
National Transport Research Centre
Make spatially informed decisions
for the Road sector under Annual Provincial
Development Plan allocations and Transport Department
spending aimed at achieving desired
targets.
Key Agency
Build institutional capacities for
better planning and management. Communication & Works Department
Gilgit
KPK Baltistan
Afghanistan
Future Connectivity
Portrait 2047
AJK
Murree
Attock Jammu and
ICT
Kashmir
Rawalpindi
Chakwal
Dinga
FATA Mianwali Gujrat
Mandi Bahauddin
Sialkot
Khushab Narrowal
Gujranwala
Sargodha
Sheikhupura
Bhakkar
Faisalabad Lahore
Jhang
Kasur
Layyah
Balochistan
Sahiwal
Pakpattan
Arifwala
Multan
DG Khan Vehari Bahawalnagar

Legends
City
Existing Dryport
Bahawalpur
Proposed Dryport
Proposed Freight Terminal
Rajanpur Fortabbas
Inland Waterways
Airports
International
Rahim Yar Khan Domestic
Airfield
India
Railway
Railway Junction
Railway Line
Proposed Railway Line
Primary High-Speed Connectivity Corridor
Motorway (Dual Carriageway)
N
Motorway (Under-Construction)
Proposed CPEC(Central Corridor)
Secondary High-Speed Connectivity Corridor
Sindh National Highway
Proposed Provincial Highway (Dual Carriageway)
Provincial Highway (Dual Carriageway)
0 50 100
Provincial Highway (Single Carriageway)
Map 1.2.2: Future Connectivity Portrait 2047

PS
2.3
Leverage Policy Background

Areas to their Cluster development supported by industrial
zones and corridors is fast becoming a
Full Potential preferred mode of industrial development. This

also holds true for agriculture zones,
recognized as engines for productivity
and Enhance enhancement. In Punjab the manufacturing
sector is largely concentrated in five major
Competitive districts that provide around 70% of the
manufacture sector employment. The Golden
Advantages Triangle (Gujranwala, Sialkot, Gujrat) cluster
represents the Small and Medium Enterprise
(SME) sector and houses around 70% of the
electric equipment and appliances industry in
Punjab. Five major cities represent 60% of the
urban population – Lahore alone accounts for
28% of the total population and 42% of the total
migration from Punjab. In Agriculture,
Sargodha accounts for 60% of the citrus
produce, Multan 50% of the mango produce
while Rajanpur district’s onion yield remains
three times the average of Punjab. South
Punjab has the highest livestock and
dairy-related commodity production. These
economic hubs across Punjab have developed
spontaneously and now require specialized
support and focused interventions to enhance
their economic standing.
CPEC Long Term Plan 2030 Goal 8
Balanced regional development Decent work and economic growth
Pakistan Vision 2025 Target 8.1

Pillar II Sustained, indigenous & Sustain per capita economic growth.
inclusive growth Increase GDP growth to at least 7%
Punjab Growth Strategy 2018 Goal 9

8% growth rate, increase private Industry, innovation and infrastructure
investment to USD 17.5 billion
Target 9.1
SME Policy 2007 Develop quality, reliable, sustainable &
SME Development Vision; creating resilient infrastructure to support
entrepreneurs, reducing poverty and economic development
enabling growth
Target 9.2
Agriculture Policy 2018 Promote sustainable industrialization
Research for modern practices
in agro industry Target 9.4
sustainable through efficient
technologies
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Industrial Industrial No corridor 5 priority 10 priority All major

corridors are corridors are development corridors corridors Corridors
developed demarcated framework
along major
roads and
connected by
major cities
Agriculture, Agriculture No framework 5 zones 15 zones 25 zones

livestock, & dairy zoning prioritizes for crop-specific supported supported supported
product specific specific crops in or livestock
zones are specific areas to zones
developed optimize
cropping
patterns

Required
Development of 22 industrial corridors with
Demarcate and support areas for the supporting infrastructure and facilities conducive to
economic development leveraging industrial growth, agglomeration and value
local advantages and emerging addition
opportunities.
Development of 25 agriculture zones highly suitable
Develop industrial corridors using a to growing specific crops and fruits with targeted
robust framework with long-term support services in each zone
development plans featuring
programs (and investment projects
including Special Economic Zones), Key Stakeholders
support network capitalizing on the
existing infrastructures and Federal
businesses for their optimum Ministry of Planning, Development & Reform,
utilization and maximize economic Ministry of Industries & Production,
returns. Ministry of Commerce and
Small & Medium Enterprise Development Authority
Introduce integrated zoning for
agriculture, livestock and allied Provincial
sectors to provide specialized and Livestock, Dairy Development Department,
targeted support and infrastructure Communication & Works Department and
covering extensions services, Technical Education & Vocational Training Authority
Research & Development (R&D),
trainings, breeding, seeding, nursing,
logistics and processing facilities for Key Agency
value additions.
Industries, Commerce & Investment Department
Embrace sustainable, efficient and and Agriculture Department
resilient infrastructure development
approaches while planning for
development.
Attract and facilitate private sector

investments under Public Private
Partnerships to develop high
potential corridors.
Support infrastructure and

institutional support to benefit key
locations by enhancing their
indigenous locational advantages
and trigger economic growth while
creating new jobs and attracting
investments.
Gilgit
Baltistan
Potential Industrial Growth

Corridors & Agricultural
Afghanistan Crops Zone
KPK Taxila AJK
ICT
Jammu and
Kashmir
Rawalpindi
Rawalpindi
Gujrat
FATA
Sargodha Sialkot
Sargodha
Gujranwala Gujranwala
Sheikhupura
Chiniot
Lahore Lahore
Jhang Faisalabad
Faisalabad Kasur
DG Khan Sahiwal Okara

Sahiwal
Balochistan
Dera Ghazi Khan
Multan
Multan Legends
Key Agriculture Crops Zone
High Value Crops Zone
Medium Value Crops Zone
Bahawalpur
Low Value Crops Zone
Cotton-Wheat Zone
Rahim
Yar Khan Key Industrial Growth Corridors
Bahawalpur Industrial Corridors
Nodes
Early Harvest
Medium Term
Long Term
India
Large City
Intermediate City
N
Land Features
Forest Area
Builtup
Sindh
Desert
River
0 50 100
Koh-e-Suleman Mountain
Map 1.2.3: Potential Industrial Growth Corridors & Agricultural Crops Zone
SO-3
Transform cities into smart,
competitive and livable places
PS 3.1: Guide spatial development of
cities through coordinated urban and
regional planning
PS 3.2: Manage and guide growth in

cities by prioritising mixed use
development and adjusting densities
PS 3.3: Develop and extend options in

land supply and housing for multiple
target groups
PS 3.4: Inclusive and balanced access

to WASH services
PS 3.5: Accommodate emerging urban

population mobility needs through
availability of efficient transportation
PS 3.6: Incorporate ICT infrastructure

in urban systems to enhance efficiency,
public safety and convenience in
services delivery
03 Strategic
Objective
Transform cities into smart,
competitive and livable places
With 110 million inhabitants, Lack of master planning and planning. In the case of large
Punjab is growing as one of proper implementation has cities, where mass transit
South Asia’s most populous subjected rural areas to projects are underway, Transit
and fast urbanizing regions. It is development malpractices, Oriented Development (TOD)
experiencing a consistent and impacting the quality of life of zones should be introduced.
long-term demographic shift both rural and urban residents. These TOD zones will
from rural to urban areas, with This is particularly acute in encourage walkability, reduce
close to 40% of the population large cities such as Lahore, car dependency, and limit
now living in urban Punjab. Its Faisalabad and Multan. commute distances.
cities are facing challenges on Demarcation of urban growth
multiple fronts: uncontrolled boundaries is needed to
urbanization, incompatible contain development within
land-use, sprawl, pollution, and city limits.
municipal deficiencies. 50 of its
194 cities house 87% of the One of the primary benefits of
total urban population, with an urban planning in Punjab is
additional 53 million expected regulation of its population
by 2047 to become part of density. The average density of
Punjab’s urban population. the 50 largest cities in Punjab is
over 12,000 people/km2.
A strong foundation of urban However, the density in city
and regional planning is centers or core locations in
required for spatial Lahore, Rawalpindi and Multan
development in the future. The is over 40,000 people/km2. In
need for legislative instruments many residential locations, it is
is well established, along with less than 18,000 people/km2. To
the provision of a requisite address this disparity, urban
mandate to a regulatory body design guidelines that
to perform periodic audits encourage mixed-use
related to spatial planning, land development need to be
use and regulation. adopted as part of city
Inadequacies in public transport provision create

barriers to individual and community participation in
employment, health, and education-related activities.
Large cities of Punjab today are network, leading to traffic

subject to a growing sprawl, congestion. Where mass transit
leading to stress on urban exists, it has limited
infrastructure and service connectivity with residential
delivery departments. Along locations. Urban transport
with ensuring access to water plans that focus on reduced car
and sanitation services for all dependency and enhanced
urban residents, there is a need walkability need to be
to update land use policies and incorporated as part of city
zoning regulations to allow for master plans. Additionally,
provision of greater diversity of district-level transport planning
housing types in main urban entities are required to ensure
centers. Where issues of district-level application of the
affordable housing arise, PSS.
private market regulations are
required to incorporate rules of With growing usage of ICT, cities
inclusionary zoning by which in Punjab can innovate in terms
an optimum percentage of of service delivery mechanisms
housing units can be related to transport, policing,
rented/sold at rates affordable land registration, water and
to low income groups. Reforms sanitation, health, education,
in land titling will enable better housing and others. An
management and up gradation initiative in the form of Punjab
of squatter settlements, also Safe Cities Authority (PSCA)
leading to improvements in the already operates in Lahore. Its
quality of life of urban mandate includes regulating
residents. traffic violations and increasing
public safety. The model is set
In addition to addressing issues for replication in other cities of
of housing and land use, Punjab. With such ICT
Punjab’s cities need to improve infrastructure already in place,
their public transport hardware for monitoring air
infrastructure, in terms of both and water quality can be
capacity and connectivity. incorporated to facilitate other
Inadequacies in public functions of the city. This
transport provision create requires establishment of
barriers to individual and control centers throughout
community participation in urban Punjab for monitoring
employment, health, and and maintaining ICT and GIS
education-related activities. A systems.
rapid increase in population
has resulted in an undesirably
large number of private
vehicles plying the road
PS
3.1
Guide Spatial Policy Background

Development Almost 37% of Punjab’s population is urban, with
majority of it concentrated in 50 of its 194 cities.
of Cities However, the expansion of cities has been haphazard

due to lack of planning laws to establish the legal
premise for urban and regional planning, incoherent
through land use rules, and inadequate and fragmented
implementation mechanisms. Development projects
Coordinated implemented by various tiers of government are not
mandated to abide by the provisions of city plans. For
Urban and example, Lahore has a city master plan, but it is not
legally binding and no law has been promulgated to give
Regional this plan a legal cover. Moreover, the existing city plan
needs to be reviewed to ascertain its validity, spatial
Planning accuracy, incorporation of developments that have

taken place since its preparation, and an assessment of
deviations over time. The plan can be retrofitted to
include the present policy framework, investment
strategies, and design guidelines formulated by the
government. The increase in private sector
contributions in spatial development, its qualitative and
measurable assessment and regulation also need to be
dovetailed in the exercise. Furthermore, there is a need
to regulate land use based on output, such as
contribution to social and economic value of the area.
This methodology of performance-based regulation
supersedes dimension and standard based regulations,
allowing for a more robust and dynamic city plan.
Initially up to 5 cities will be selected as pilot sites for the
proposed regulatory methodology. Successful
development and implementation of city master plans
remains highly dependent on adequate and consistent
interaction with stakeholders and general public.
Based on the Punjab Regional and Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
Urban Planning Act, develop by-laws,
rules and regulations to enable urban Target 9.1
design schemes, adjustment of Develop quality, reliable, sustainable
densities and Transit Oriented and resilient infrastructure, including
Development (TOD) projects regional and trans border
development and human well-being,
with a focus on affordable and
equitable access for all.
Goal 11
Target 11.a
Support positive economic, social and
environmental links between urban,
peri-urban and rural areas by
strengthening national and regional
development planning
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Number of cities Updating the None 1 mega city and 1 mega city, 6 1 mega city, 12
implementing a cities atlas every 5 large cities large cities, and large cities and
City master plan five years 15 intermediate 43 intermediate
cities cities
Number of cities Prepare a None 1 mega city and 1 mega city, 6 1 mega city, 12
with a sectoral sectoral 5 large cities large cities, and large cities and
integration integration 15 intermediate 43 intermediate
profile profile based on cities cities
federal,
provincial and
local
development
projects by
mapping and
statistical profile
of all
development
projects

Required
Gradient transitions of densities; reduction in city
Designate a Spatial Planning Authority cores and rise in other neighborhoods.
of Punjab that will grant land
ownership and define regional land Urban physical patterns that promote planned
classification (urban, peri-urban, and mixed-use developments.
agriculture).
Regulated public and private development in
Promulgate and implement a Punjab cities.
Spatial Planning Act to establish city
master plans as a legally binding
document. This Act will create an
effective premise with requisite Key Stakeholders
mandate of a regulatory body that will
perform periodic audits related to Provincial
spatial planning, land use, and Housing, Urban Development & Public Health
regulation. Engineering Department
City master plans will be developed by

respective local governments with Key Agency
assistance from development
authorities of mega and large cities and Local Government & Community Development
be regulated by Regional Planning Department
Committees.
Capacity building of development

authorities of intermediate and small
cities to allow them to develop in
future, city master plans without
assistance.
Update the methodology of

regulations. Current regulations focus
on physical dimensions and standards,
whereas land use needs to be regulated
in terms of performance and
socioeconomic contribution.
City master plans to be updated every

10 years as per changing dynamics of
the city.
Provincial audit to take place every 10

years and penalties to be issued if land
use is not in accordance with the latest
city master plan.
Urban growth boundaries to be defined

for mega and large cities.
City master plan, land use, building,

and zoning to be governed and
regulated by the Regional Planning
Committees and executed by
respective individual cities.
Punjab Cities 2047
Taxila
Attock
Fateh Jhang Kahuta
Rawalpindi
Jehlum
Chakwal
Sialkot
Mandi Bahuddin
Sambarial
Jauharabad
Gujranwala Daska
Hafizabad
Sargodha Narrowal
Kamoki
Sheikhupura
Muridke
Chiniot Ferozwala
Faisalabad Khurrianwala
Lahore
Jaranwala
Jhang
Gojra
Layyah Kasur
Samundari
Sahiwal Okara
Taunsa
Kot Addu
Multan Pakpattan
Khanewal
DG Khan
Burewala
Vehari
Muzzaffargarh Bahawalnagar
Chishtian
Shehar Sultan
Haroonabad
Lodhran
Bahawalpur
Fazilpur
Rajanpur
Rahim
Yar Khan Khanpur
Sadiqabad
Legend
Mega Cities | 1
> 10,000,000
Large Cities | 12
1,000,001-10,000,000
N
Intermediate Cities | 43
250,001-1,000,000
Small Cities | 73
100,000-250,000
Towns | 65
0 50 100
< 100,000
Map 1.3.1: Punjab Cities 2047

PS
3.2
Manage and Policy Background

Guide Growth The average population density of cities in
Punjab is over 12,000 people/km2. In city
in Cities by centers such as Lahore, Rawalpindi and Multan,

the population density is over 40,000
people/km2. However, the population density
Prioritising in many residential locations and
neighborhoods is less than 18,000 people/km2.
Mixed Use By devising appropriate urban design
mechanisms and tools, low densities can be
Development enhanced. Through regulation of congestion
and overcrowding and by shifting population to
and Adjusting areas capable of more absorption, the pressure
on locations with very high densities can be
Densities eased. This way a balanced population

distribution can be achieved. Encouraging
mixed-use developments, promoting Transit
Oriented Developments (TOD), instituting time
bound urban growth boundaries, and
retrofitting planning and designs of existing
neighborhoods can be effective and helpful. A
framework aiming to regulate these
developments through evidence-based data
can facilitate and uphold efficiency in
infrastructural components and promote a
decent life style for a more diverse range of
citizens.
Building regulations and land use Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
planning. Government will seek to
revise zoning and land use rules by Target 9.1
encouraging mixed land use Develop quality, reliable, sustainable and
classification and high-density resilient infrastructure, including regional
transportation nodes. and trans border infrastructure, to
support economic development and
human well-being, with a focus on
affordable and equitable access for all.
Goal 11
Target 11.3
By 2030, enhance inclusive and
sustainable urbanization and capacity for
participatory, integrated and sustainable
human settlement planning and
management in all countries
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Number of cities Updating the cities None 1 mega city and 1 mega city, 6 large 1 mega city, 12
with spatial atlas every five 5 large cities cities, and 10 large cities and 15
density data years intermediate cities intermediate cities
Number of cities Notified bylaws, Lahore 5 large cities 6 large cities, and 12 large cities and
implementing regulations & 10 intermediate 15 intermediate
bylaws to manuals cities cities
regulate density
Number of TOD Preparation of None One project 4 projects each in 1 8 projects each in
projects in cities ToD projects each in 1 mega mega city and 6 1 mega city and 13
city and 5 large large cities 1 large cities 2
cities project each in 10 projects each in 15
intermediate cities intermediate cities
Number of cities Prepare time None 1 mega city and 1 mega city, 6 large 1 mega city, 12
with time bound bound growth 5 large cities cities, and 10 large cities and 15
growth rings rings of cities with intermediate cities intermediate cities
determination of
city boundaries
Number of cities Preparation of None 1 mega city and 1 mega city, 6 large 1 mega city, 12
applying urban neighbourhood & 5 large cities cities, and 10 large cities and 15
design guidelines sub-neighbourhood intermediate cities intermediate cities
level manuals

Required
Guided evolution of density adjustment in cities
Assessments of the density status of through project initiation and policies
areas within cities and identification
of locations in need of interventions, Clear demarcation of city boundaries and service
such as creating retail and cafe areas for social and physical infrastructure.
streets leading to station entrances
along main pedestrian connections. Visible decongestion from city cores and
facilitating gradual densification in relatively
Preparing urban design schemes as a distant neighborhoods
follow-up to proposed policy
statements. Implementation of model TOD projects in
designated locations
Mobilizing and facilitating
stakeholder consultations around
development schemes.
Key Stakeholders
Developing and enforcing urban
design guidelines to dictate Federal
provision of setbacks, shop fronts, Federal agencies with land ownership in
street furniture and fixtures, and identified cities
pedestrian and bicycle
infrastructure. Provincial
Punjab Board of Revenue,
Initiating detailed designing and Development Authorities of Municipal Bodies and
implementation of development Local Government & Community Development
schemes in a sequential manner. Department
Monitoring and oversight by

concerned regulatory bodies in Key Agency
consultation with stakeholders.
Housing, Urban Development & Public Health
Integration of TOD zones in land use Engineering Department
rules to allow for dense mixed-use
development within the zone.
Introducing new transit stations in

locations with highest ridership
potential and development
opportunities.
Enhancing multi-modal connections,

making transfers easy and direct.
Transit Oriented Development
Shahdara
Niazi Chowk
Timber Market Dera Gujaran Terminal

Azadi Chowk
Islam Park
Mahmood Salamat
Pakistan Pura
Bhatti Chowk Booti
Shalamar Mint
Garden
City District Courts Baghbanpura
UET
Sultanpura
Civil Secretariat Lahore
Railway Station
GPO Lakshami
MAO College
Janazgah
High density zones Chauburji
Qartaba Chowk
EXISTING DEVELOPMENT
Gulshan-e-Ravi
Average no. of storeys 3-4
Samanabad Shama
LAND USE
Residential and commercial Bund Road
Ichara
Salahudin Road
Medium density zones
Shahnoor Canal
Average no. of storeys 2-3
Sabzazar
Qaddafi Stadium LAND USE
Residential and small markets
Awan Town
Kalma Chowk
Model Town
Wahdat Road
Naseerabad
Hanjarwal
Canal View Ittefaq Hospital
Thoker Niaz Baig
Ali Town Terminal Low density zones Qainchi
Average no. of storeys 1-2 Ghazi Chowk
LAND USE Chungi Amar Sidhu

Residential and public buildings
Legend Kamahan
Transit Oriented Development Zones

High Density Atari Saroba
Medium Density
Low Density
Nishtar Colony
400 m is the radius of each zone
Youhanabad
Future development Potential

Dulu Khurd
Existing development
Gajjumata
Orange line (Metro)
Green line (BRT)
Future transit lines Figure 1.3.2 Transit Orientated Development
PS
3.3
Develop and Policy Background

Extend Access to housing is a basic need. The existing
average household size in Punjab is 6.4 people
Options in per household, with a total of 6.3 million urban

households in the province. By 2047, an
additional 11.3 million urban households are
Land Supply expected in Punjab, for whom housing is
currently not available. Some of the key
and Housing challenges in this regard include lack of
availability of suitable state land for housing,
for Multiple high prices of private land, low percentage of
housing mortgage options, higher demand for
Target housing owing to population increase and
migration and rising prices of construction
Groups material. In addition, options for rental housing

are also limited. Lack of trust between landlord
and tenants, long process of conflict/dispute
resolutions between tenants and landowners
and a general preference of people to become
house owners are further constraints. In many
cases, unauthorized sub-division of land for
housing - particularly in peri-urban agricultural
locations - puts a heavy strain on infrastructural
agencies to stretch services beyond prescribed
service zones.
By 2047, an additional 11.3 million urban households

are expected in Punjab, for whom housing is
currently not available.
Housing options for more than asset. Now it is increasingly

one third of the low-income traded as a saleable
population remain limited. The commodity. Urban land has
changing sociological become a product, attracting
dynamics in urban areas have huge capital investment. This
directly resulted in an increase leads to the lower and
in housing needs. The joint middle-income strata being
family structure in cities is priced out of affordable
changing and nuclear families housing. The large
are growing. It is expected that metropolitan centers suffer
by 2047, household size will from encroachments on public
decrease to 5.8 people per lands. This further limits
household. The demand for housing choices for the
housing apartments in large citizenry. At a more macro level,
cities such as Lahore and single the fundamental mismatch is
unit houses in other urban between political interests in
locations is hence growing. land supply and distribution,
Social and economic needs also and the social and
cause movements towards development need for housing.
cities, especially large urban
centers. Lahore hosts over 140
migrants/km2. The demand for
housing is further affected by
migration to cities for better
healthcare, educational,
employment & entrepreneurial
opportunities as well as due to
security concerns. In the past,
land was considered a social
Private sector will be encouraged to Sustainable Cities and Communities
provide housing facilities and katchi
abadis and unapproved land Target 11.1
sub-divisions will be upgraded to low By 2030, ensure access for all to
income residential buildings with adequate, safe and affordable housing
adequate provision of basic utilities and basic services and upgrade slums
Urban Development Sector Target 11.3

Plan 2014 – 2018 By 2030, enhance inclusive and
Affordable housing for all and a sustainable urbanization and capacity
stronger legal & institutional framework for participatory, integrated and
sustainable human settlement planning
Naya Pakistan Housing Project and management in all countries
Build five million Houses in the next
five years
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Population Additional housing By 2047, it is 2.5 million 6.1 million 11.3 million
growth in need of units to be provided predicted that housing units housing units housing units
a house between 2017 & 2047, an additional
considering decrease 11.3 million
in average household housing units
size from 6.4 to 5.8. will be required
This does not include
existing housing
shortage.
Proportion of Sustainable No data 40% reduction 65% reduction 85% reduction

urban population Development Goals from baseline from baseline from baseline
living in slums, (SDG) indicator 11.1.1
informal
settlements or
inadequate
housing
Key Actions Required Expected Outcome

Identify government land for Provision of low income and affordable housing in
development to effectively manage urban centers near sources of employment
unused land.
Provision of strategic land subsidies Explore Public Private Partnerships in
from government in urban centers for construction and financing, and grant of
low cost and affordable housing. government subsidies of land
Redevelopment of inadequate housing Prominence of apartment buildings to increase
areas to provide quality, safe and
housing supply of units and better utilization of
affordable housing within cities.
land within cities
Update land use, building and zoning
regulations to encourage development Priority interventions to tackle housing shortage
of low- and middle-income units in in high priority areas
development.
Ensure infrastructure has the capacity to Improvement in living conditions and quality of
support dense residential zones. life in cities
Update private housing scheme
regulations and specify percentage of
affordable units (not plots) in all
Key Stakeholders
residential schemes. Federal
Develop multiple typologies of buildings Naya Pakistan Housing Authority and
and housing units to increase housing Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
unit supply and quality.
Provincial
Reform apartment design to local
lifestyles towards encouraging Punjab Land Development Company,
apartment living. Punjab Housing & Town Planning Agency,
Private housing buildings, real estate developers
Promote rental housing by enforcing and scheme owners
rental laws and providing tax incentives
on rental incomes.
Efficient implementation of a Key Agency
foreclosure law to protect banks,
lenders, and land owners. Housing, Urban Development & Public Health
Engineering Department
Implement a land titling reform through
computerization of urban land records
by one single authority for ease of
residential landownership.
Enact and implement a Condominium
Act that caters to multiple ownership of
one land parcel in vertical structures,
and binding builder accountability for
maintenance and repair of shared areas.
Policy framework to discourage land
hoarding and speculation, and tax
vacant plots after a period of time.
Introduce Public Private Partnership
interventions for housing construction
and finance.
Publish data regarding quantity and
quality of housing units and inadequate
housing based on Population Census
2017 to accurately assess housing needs.
KPK Gilgit
Baltistan
Projected Increase in
Afghanistan
Housing Demand 2017-2047

(Medium Variant)
AJK
ICT Jammu and
Kashmir
Attock
Rawalpindi
Chakwal Jhelum
Mianwali Gujrat
FATA Mandi
Bahauddin Sialkot
Khushab
Narowal
Sargodha Gujranwala
Hafizabad
Sheikhupura
Bhakkar Chiniot
Nankana Lahore
Jhang Faisalabad
Layyah Kasur
Toba
Tek
Singh Okara
Muzaffargarh Sahiwal
Dera
Balochistan Ghazi Khanewal
Pakpattan
Khan
Multan Vehari
Bahawalnagar
Lodhran Housing unit demand has been
calculated keeping the district
household size constant between
Rajanpur
2017 and 2047. Average house-
hold size of urban Punjab is 6.4.
Bahawalpur *Due to data limitations, the

number of existing housing units is
Rahim unknown. Therefore, housing
Yar Khan supply and shortage cannot be
calculated. This map shows
projected increase in number of
households between 2017-2047.
The actual number of housing units
required will be 15.5 million + x,
with x being the unknown housing
shortage today.
India
Legends
N Projected Increase in Household 2017-47
30,805 - 75,000
75,001 - 150,000
Sindh
150,001 - 250,000
250,001 - 700,000
0 50 100
700,001 - 4,059,440
Map 1.3.3A: Projected Increase in Housing Demand 2017-2047 (Medium Variant)

KPK Gilgit
Baltistan
Projected Increase in
Afghanistan
Housing Demand 2017-2047

(High Variant)
AJK
ICT Jammu and
Kashmir
Attock
Rawalpindi
Chakwal Jhelum
Mianwali Gujrat
FATA Mandi
Bahauddin Sialkot
Khushab
Narowal
Sargodha Gujranwala
Hafizabad
Sheikhupura
Bhakkar Chiniot
Nankana Lahore
Jhang Faisalabad
Layyah Kasur
Toba
Tek
Singh Okara
Muzaffargarh Sahiwal
Dera
Balochistan Ghazi Khanewal
Pakpattan
Khan
Multan Vehari
Bahawalnagar
Lodhran
Housing unit demand has been
calculated using the projected
Rajanpur
decrease in district household size
between 2017 and 2047. Projected
average household size of urban
Bahawalpur Punjab in 2047 is 5.8.
Rahim *Due to data limitations, the number of

Yar Khan existing housing units is unknown.
Therefore, housing supply and shortage
cannot be calculated. This map shows
projected increase in number of
households between 2017-2047. The
actual number of housing units required
will be 17.86 million + x, with x being the
unknown housing shortage today.
India
Legends
N Projected Increase in Household 2017-47
36,323 - 75,000
75,001 - 150,000
Sindh
150,001 - 250,000
250,001 - 700,000
0 50 100
700,001 - 5,371,030
Map 1.3.3B: Projected Increase in Housing Demand 2017-2047 (High Variant)

PS
3.4
Inclusive and Policy Background

Balanced To improve inclusive socioeconomic
development, access to safe drinking water and
Access to improved sanitation facilities remain critical.

Due to rapid urbanization and population
growth, Pakistan has stressed its water
Wash resources, reducing access to safe drinking
water and sanitation facilities. Municipal
Services services – primarily, Water Supply and
Sanitation (WSS), and Solid Waste Management
(SWM) – are dependent on provincial transfers.
The five largest cities of the Punjab generate
Own Source Revenues (OSRs) that are less than
5% of total city receipts. Enabling quality access
to municipal services is one of the main drivers
of competitiveness in cities. The provision of
safe drinking water and sanitation services
through improved physical infrastructure
needs to be developed in light of existing
spatial deprivations.
Provision of sustainable and safe water Clean Water and Sanitation
and adequate sanitation services to the
entire population. Provide healthy and Target 6.1
clean environment through improved By 2030, achieve universal and
solid waste management services. equitable access to safe & affordable
drinking water for all
Target 6.2
By 2030, achieve access to adequate
and equitable sanitation and hygiene
for all and end open defecation
Goal 11
Target 11.6
By 2030, reduce the adverse per capita
environmental impact of cities,
including by paying special attention to
air quality and municipal and other
waste management
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Water Supply Punjab Cities 68% 80% 85% 90%

Coverage Governance (Large cities)
Improvement Project
(PCGIP) Reports and
Pakistan Water Operator
Network (PWON)
Sewerage PCGIP Reports 67% 75% 80% 85%

Coverage (Large cities)
SWM Coverage Waste Management 69% 85% 95% 95%

Companies & Local
Governments

Required Cities/areas to be provided quality and
sustainable municipal service infrastructure on
Development of an improved priority
governance model for service
delivery. Reduced intra-regional disparities where
Good governance with clarity in districts such as Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar D.G
institutional jurisdiction over services, Khan, Rajanpur, Muzaffargarh and Rahim Yar
improved development planning, linking Khan are on high priority
public officials’ promotion with training
and performance, improved financial
planning, incorporation of Public Private
Partnership mode and outsourcing Key Stakeholders
model
Technical assistance in all areas of Provincial

planning and execution to entities Water & Sanitation Agencies,
responsible for service provision Punjab Housing & Town Planning Agency,
Al Jazzari Water & Sanitation Academy and
Development of an efficient Local Governments and Development
service delivery model. Authorities
Special interventions to increase
operational efficiency, such as by
reducing Non-Revenue Water (NRW) Key Agency
through new targets in the Annual
Development Plan Housing, Urban Development & Public Health
Engineering Department
Addressing operational inefficiencies by
increasing customer base and energy
conservation practices
Allocation of resources to deprived areas

and provision of physical infrastructure
for safe drinking water, sanitation and
SWM
‘Awareness for all’ to improve household

practices for improved sanitation and
hygiene
Development of revenue
generation model to ensure
sustainability of service delivery.
Critical review of revenue and receipts of
entities and implementation of revenue
improvement actions like tariff
structuring on SWM, volumetric charge
for WSS, customer database, revamping
Urban Immovable Property Tax (UIPT)
system for additional revenue base,
harnessing potential of unused land of
local governments, and notification of
municipal taxes and user charges
Development of an integrated
revenue billing and collection
system for all property-based
taxes, fees and user charges.
PS
3.5
Accommodate Policy Background

Emerging Inadequacies in public transport provision
create barriers and limit individual
Urban participation in economic activities. In

Punjab rapid population and economic
growth has increased traffic on the existing
Population road network. Around 1600 buses are
currently providing intra-city public
Mobility transport services in seven cities of Punjab,
while the required number is above 3800.
Needs This demand and supply gap remains a big
challenge. Moreover, there is also no
through sub-urban or regional train service. At the
moment, various modes of intra-city
Availability transport operate in isolation. Further,

inter-city public transport is not strictly
of Efficient
regulated in Punjab. An unreliable and
inefficient public transport system has led
to high dependency on private transport
Transportation modes, in particular bikes. Motor vehicle
registration statistics from the last ten years
show a more than 300% increase in the
number of two wheelers plying the roads.
Similarly, there has been an increase of
more than 90% in motorcar use over the
last decade.
Target 9.1
National Transport Policy 2018 Develop quality, reliable, sustainable
Foster sustainable urban development and resilient infrastructure, including
regional and trans-border
Pakistan Railway Strategic infrastructure, to support economic
development and human well-being,
Plan (2017) with a focus on affordable and
Sets the overall direction for the future equitable access for all
development of Pakistan Railway
Goal 11
Integrated Bus Operation Sustainable Cities and Communities
Studies
For different cities of Punjab Target 11.2
By 2030, provide access to safe,
affordable, accessible and sustainable
transport systems for all, improving
road safety, notably by expanding
public transport, with special attention
to the needs of those in vulnerable
situations, women, children, persons
with disabilities and older persons
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Number of cities with intra-city Transport Department 6 12 16 20

Public Transportation
Percentage of population with Transport Department, 75 >82 >88 >95

access to intra-city public Land Scan population
transport in twenty cities database
Number of cities with Mass Transport Department, 3 Cities 3 Cities 5 Cities 7 Cities
Transit System Punjab Mass Transit (Single Line) (Corridors) (Corridors) (Corridors)
Authority 3 Cities 5 Cities 7 Cities
(Priority Lines) (Priority Lines) (Priority Lines)
Number of cities with Pakistan Railways 0 25 40 50

Sub-Urban Rail Connections Transport Department
Improvements in percentage Transport Department, 0 >33 >66 >99

Intra-city Bus Stops w.r.t Punjab Mass Transit
multi-modal facilities Authority
Improvements in percentage Transport Department 0 >33 >66 >99

Intercity Bus Terminals w.r.t
multi-modal facilities

Required Spatial planning to enhance people’s mobility
regarding desired activities
Developing urban transport plans
with a focus on promoting public Land use efficiency optimization through TOD
transport.
Improved accessibility to all parts of the cities
Transit Oriented Developments through availability of multiple modes
(TODs) by integrating land use and
transport planning. Reduced traffic congestion through improved
local urban transport plans
Prioritizing pedestrians and
non-motorized modes within local Spatial integration, social cohesion and
area plans. inclusive growth due to availability of alternate
affordable modes
Facilitating multi-modal intra-city
transport services through spatial
and temporal integration of various Key Stakeholders
modes.
Federal
Upgrading existing and developing Ministry of Communications,
new intercity bus terminal for National Highway Authority,
facilitating multi-modal operations. Pakistan Railways and
National Transport Research Centre
Spatially informed decision-making
for developing new or upgrading Provincial
existing bus stops allowing Provincial Transport Authority,
multi-modal operations. Punjab Masstransit Authority and
Lahore Transport Company
Upgrade existing and constructing
new high-speed rail links for
sub-urban commuters. Key Agency
Establishment of district-level Transport Department
transport planning entities to ensure
application of provincial strategy at
the district level.
Gilgit
KPK Baltistan
Afghanistan
Public Transport Portrait

Taxila AJK
Murree
Attock ICT Jammu and
Kashmir
Rawalpindi
Gujjar Khan
Chakwal
FATA Mianwali Wazirabad
Sialkot
Bhalwal
Khushab
Hafizabad Narrowal
Sargodha Gujranwala
Sangla Hill Farooqabad

Chiniot
Sheikhupura
Bhakkar Lahore
Faisalabad
Jhang Jaranwala
Kasur
Layyah Toba Tek Singh
Balochistan Shorkot
Sahiwal
Pakpattan
Khanewal
Multan
DG Khan Muzaffargarh
Vehari Bahawalnagar
Bahawalpur
Rajanpur Fortabbas
Legends
City
Rahim Yar Khan
Intra-City Public Transport
Mass Transit Network
Proposed Public Transport
India
Existing Public Transport
Airport
International
N Domestic
Airfield
Railway
Sindh Proposed High-Speed Commuter Link
High-Speed National Link
Branch Railway Line
0 50 100
Proposed Railway Line
Map 1.3.5: Public Transport Portrait

PS
3.6
Incorporate Policy Background

ICT ICT usage is rapidly increasing in
Punjab with more than 72% of the
Infrastrcutre population currently owning

mobile. Many urban functions are
increasingly relying on ICT, such as
in Urban the Punjab Safe Cities project. A
proper regulatory mechanism is
Systems to required to ensure growth, safe
avenues of investments, cyber
Enhance security, and innovation across
Punjab.
Efficiency,
Public Safety
and
Convenience
in Services
Delivery
Strategic Intervention: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
Urban development and smart cities
Target 9.4
sustainable, with increased
resource-use efficiency and greater
adoption of clean and environmentally
sound technologies and industrial
processes, with all countries taking
action in accordance with their
respective capabilities.
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Number of cities Punjab Police's Integrated 1 Lahore 1 mega city & 5 1 mega city, 6 1 mega city, 12
monitored under Command, Control and large cities large cities, & 15 large cities & 43
the safe cities Communication (PPIC3) intermediate intermediate
program Projects- Punjab Safe cities cities
Cities Authority (PSCA)
Tele density Annual report by Information does Full coverage in Full coverage in Full coverage in
Provincial Transport not exist for cities 1 mega city & 5 1 mega city, 6 1 mega city, 12
Authority (PTA) informing in Punjab large cities large cities, & 5 large cities, & 15
about coverage details in intermediate cities intermediate cities
cities in Punjab
Mobile phone usage Punjab in figures 2018, 72% 80% 90% 100%
Bureau of Statistics,
Planning and
Development Board
ICT usage in Application in mass None 1 mega city & 5 1 mega city, 6 1 mega city, 13
transportation transit schemes/Bus large cities large cities & 10 large cities & 15
services Rapid Transit projects intermediate cities intermediate cities
ICT usage in safety Safe city ICT Lahore 1 mega city & 5 1 mega city, 6 1 mega city, 13
infrastructure large cities large cities & 10 large cities & 15
intermediate cities intermediate cities
Multiple tools for Different tools including None 1 mega city & 5 1 mega city, 6 1 mega city, 13
facilitating service complaint reports, large cities large cities and large cities & 15
delivery and ownership records, user 10 intermediate intermediate
e-governance profiles and reports cities cities

Required Established ICT infrastructure in mega, large
and intermediate cities of Punjab as per plan
Establish a Spatial Planning
Authority of Punjab to coordinate Established safe cities authorities in the mega
with PTA/Punjab Information city and five large cities and then expand into
Technology Board (PITB) to acquire intermediate cities as per plan
city and region-specific data on ICT.
Established funding mechanism to finance
PITB to review existing regulation building technology for Lahore, Rawalpindi,
and rules for managing ICT Multan, Gujranwala, and Faisalabad
infrastructure and services.
Devise a mechanism for periodic Key Stakeholders

replacement of service delivery
mechanism in transport, policing, Federal
land registration, water and Federal agencies with land ownership in
sanitation, health, education, identified cities
housing and other suitors for
incorporating ICT. Provincial
Punjab Board of Revenue,
Extend training and capacity building Development Authorities,
of existing staff in respect to ICT. Punjab Safe Cities Authority,
Housing, Urban Development & Public Health
An integrated Command, Control and Engineering Department and
Communication Centre to be Punjab Information Technology Board
established and operated by the safe
cities’ authority.
Key Agency
Setup of control centers to monitor
and maintain ICT and GIS systems for Local Governments
the city.
Incorporation of ICT infrastructure in

government departments to
establish e-governance systems and
establish citizen participation
platforms, while ensuring protection
of private data collected through the
ICT infrastructure.
Sensor-aided monitoring of air and

water quality in cities.
Upgrading of urban transport

systems by integrating ICT
infrastructure for traffic signals, road
signage, parking lots, and public
transit corridors.
SO-4
Sustainable natural resource
allocation & management
PS 4.1: Maximising the
agriculture potential through
efficient use of land
PS 4.2: Enhance output per

drop of water in agriculture
through efficient water
management
PS 4.3: Promote use of

sustainable energy sources to
meet the ever growing demand
04 Strategic
Objective
Sustainable natural resource
allocation & management
Natural resources include both benefit from land. At present regions heading towards
raw materials necessary for Pakistan’s per acre crop yields absolute water scarcity by 2025,
human activities and different are amongst the lowest in the as measured by the Falkenmark
environmental media, such as world. More efficient land use Index. Pakistan is also one of
air, water and soil that sustain can be ensured by improving countries most vulnerable to
life. Careful management and the value of produce per unit of climate change. There is hence
use of these resources is an land, as well as by making more a dire need for reforms in the
important element of land arable. To this end, high water sector to ensure
sustainable development. value cropping zones have sustainable economic growth.
been identified in the PSS that
Punjab’s natural resources are can lead to maximizing yield Similarly, fossil fuels are a key
divided amongst a population per area of land utilized. In resource of generating
of over 110 million people. With order to put this framework in electricity to cater to industrial
population figures projected to place, a strong mechanism to and household demands.
increase to over 200 million in replace subsidies and Overuse of these resources
2047, the strain on natural government support will be stresses the national resource
resources will also increase. required. endowment as well as foreign
Currently, there is significant exchange reserves. Relying
wastage, misallocation and Surface water as a depleting upon renewable resources and
mismanagement of natural natural resource also requires making a greater effort towards
resources. This calls for efficient better management. Industrial, conserving energy can improve
management required to domestic and agricultural water efficiency in resource
ensure optimal use of natural use suffers from an absence of management and use.
resources. incentives to conserve water by
recycling or reusing it.
Agriculture contributes Industries and municipalities
approximately 19% to the discharge 90% of their
country’s GDP and provides untreated water into river
employment to 42% of the streams, and the agricultural
population. There is a need to sector wastes up to 50%1 in
improve existing cropping transmission, conveyance and
patterns to draw maximum on the field. Punjab is one of the
1
Indus River System Authority (IRSA) 2017.
PS
4.1
Maximizing Policy Background

the At present spatial analysis is not
incorporated into policymaking and
Agriculture zoning for agriculture. Punjab has a total

cultivated area of 31 million acres. There
are two cropping seasons per year - Rabi
Potential and Kharif. Rabi crops occupy 22.7 million
acres while Kharif crops 18.4 million
through acres. Cotton, rice, fodder and sugarcane
make up 70% of the total Kharif cropped
Efficient Use area in Punjab while 75% of the Rabi
cropped area is used for growing wheat.
of Land Only 6% of the cropped area is cultivated
with fruits and vegetables even though it
is more profitable to grow them instead of
traditional crops. Currently, therefore,
profits are not being optimized. The
Punjab Spatial Strategy (PSS) seeks to
delimit specific zones where high value
crops can be cultivated. In such zones
targeted infrastructural support will be
provided with the aim of enhancing
Punjab’s agricultural GDP.
Envisages food security in the context No Poverty
of the entire supply chain from
production, processing, storage and Target 1.1
distribution of consumption by Eradicate extreme poverty
optimizing production and supply mix
in line with current and projected needs Goal 2
Zero hunger
National Food Security Target 2.1
Policy 2017 End Hunger and ensure access by all
To ensure modern and efficient food people
production and distribution system
Target 2.3
Punjab Agriculture Sector Double the agriculture productivity and
income of small scale food producers
Plan 2015
Promotion of high value crops in Target 2.4
agriculture and transform agriculture Ensure sustainable food production
sector into a diversified, sustainable systems and increase productivity
and market driven sector through
improved practices Goal 12
Responsible Consumption and
Agriculture Policy of Production
Punjab 2018 Target 12.1
To ensure inclusive growth, poverty Implement the 10 year framework of
reduction and food security programs of sustainable consumption
and production patterns
Target 12.2
Achieve the sustainable management
and efficient use of natural resources
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Area under high Optimal cropping pattern Currently used only Increase Increase Increase
value crops from low value crops to 6 % area under high area upto area upto area upto
high value crops value crops 12% 18% 25%
Share of fruits & Increase share of fruits 20% 30% 40% 50%
vegetables in and vegetables in total
agriculture total export of agriculture
export
Increase current share of 8% 16% 32% 50%
Export of processed fruits and
processed fruits vegetables in total export
and vegetables of fruits and vegetables
(Value added)

Required 25 crop zones developed with specific support
services in each zone and high priority accorded
Increase production of high value to high value export-oriented crops
export-oriented crops by increasing
cropped area in specific zones. Employment creation and value addition in each
zone through establishment of agro-based
Provide specialized and targeted industries
support system for each crop zone,
including seeding and nursing
infrastructure, specialized extension Key Stakeholders
services, availability of fertilizers,
and farmer trainings on better Federal
technologies and solutions. Ministry of National Food Security & Research
Provide better logistical support like Provincial

storage and transportation in each Industries, Commerce & Investment Department
high value export-oriented crop and Technical Education & Vocational Training
zone. Authority
Promote agro-based industry in each

zone focused on particular crops to Key Agency
aid value addition.
Agriculture Department
Establish export centers for each
crop zone to provide updated
information on demand, price and
quality for each crop (raw and/or
processed) in the international
market.
Potential Agricultural
Crops Zone
Attock
Rawalpindi
Jhelum
Chakwal
Mianwali Gujrat
Mandi
Bahauddin Sialkot
Narowal
Khushab Gujranwala
Sargodha
Hafizabad
Sheikhupura
Bhakar Chiniot
Nankana Lahore
Sahib
Jhang Faisalabad
Toba Kasur
Layyah
Tek
Singh
Sahiwal
Okara
Legends
DG Khan Muzaffargarh Khanewal High Value Crops Zone
Pakpattan
Multan Medium Value Crops Zone
Vehari
Low Value Crops Zone
Bahawalnagar
Lodhran
Cotton-Wheat Zone
Forest Area
Builtup
Rajanpur
Desert
Bahawalpur
River
Rahim koh Suleman Mountain
Yar Khan
Agro-Industry & Processing Centers
Sugar
Ginning
Pulses
Rice mill
Oil mill
Cold Storage
N Polishing & Packaging
Mangoes Processing
Guava Processing
PotatoProcessing
Meat & Dairy
0 50 100 Date Processing
Citrus Processing
Map 1.4.1: Potential Agricultural Crops Zone
PS
4.2
Enhance Policy Background

Output Per Almost 92% of Punjab’s surface water is
used for irrigation purposes alone. With
Drop of Punjab’s population projected to double

by 2047, there is a need to reallocate and
redistribute water across the different
Water in sectoral demands and enhance
agricultural productivity so that
Agriculture reallocation does not negatively impact
agricultural output. Nearly 45% of
through irrigation water is lost in transmission
from canal to farm through underground
Efficient seepage, and an additional 25% is lost in
field application. There are no incentives
Water for farmers to conserve water, ensure its

efficient use or grow high value crops that
Management
lead to higher output per drop. There is a
need to use water more efficiently in
agriculture, especially to ensure its
availability to the other sectors of the
economy.
Pillar IV: sufficient, reliable, clean and Clean Water and Sanitation
cost-effective availability of water
Target 6.4
Water National Policy 2018 By 2030, substantially increase
Objective 2.18 water-use efficiency across all sector
Promoting measures for the long-term
sustainability of the irrigation system
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Field application Irrigation 21 Million Acre 18 MAF 15 MAF 5 MAF

losses Department and Feet (MAF)
Agricultural
Department
Canal Irrigation 23 MAF 20 MAF 15 MAF 10 MAF

conveyance Department
losses

Required Developed water efficient corridors
along high value crop zones
Build institutional capacity for water
accounting frameworks that lead to Efficient water management techniques
policies that enhance water along each crop zone
efficiency.
Capacity building of public officials Key Stakeholders

and awareness campaigns for water
users i.e. farmers and general public. Federal
Indus River System Authority,
Incentivize farmers to sow crops that Water & Power Development Authority and
require less water and produce Pakistan Commissioner for Indus Waters
higher yields per acre.
Provincial
Introduce water conservation Agriculture Department
techniques through awareness
campaigns and interventions at farm
level. Key Agency
Introduce modern irrigation Irrigation Department
techniques, such as drip, spray and
fine nozzle, to farmers with a
cost-effective delivery mechanism to
ensure take up.
Identify priority areas (like

secondary, tributary or minor canals)
where interventions can be targeted
to limit leakage without affecting
groundwater recharge.
Punjab
Water Flows
Punjab’s share in canal water
55 MAF 24 MAF
Canal Conveyance
Losses
31 MAF 4 MAF
Rain Water
35 MAF 46 MAF
Pumped
Ground Water
81 MAF 20 MAF
Field Application
Losses
Total water available at farm

61 MAF
Water for Crops
1.96 Ft/Acre
Figure 1.4.2: Punjab Water Flows

PS
4.3
Promote Use Policy Background

of Sustainable In 2011, the United Nations initiated
Sustainable Energy for All to serve as a global
Energy forum for countries to make a joint effort

towards achieving three key objectives - a)
universal access to energy b) doubling the rates
Sources to of energy efficiency and conservation and c)
doubling the share of renewable energy in the
Meet the Ever overall energy mix. Pakistan joined this global
initiative in 2013. Between 2012 and 2017,
Growing energy consumption in Punjab rose by 30%, at
an average rate of 6% per annum. To keep up
Demand with such high demand, it has become
necessary to tap into renewable energy
solutions. Further, fossil fuel exploitation has
negative consequences for the environment.
Punjab can tap into alternate resources such as
biomass, solar energy and micro hydel.
Punjab’s biomass potential is around 61,000
Gigawatt hours (Gwh), solar energy potential is
4.5 to 5 kilowatt hours (kh)/m2/day in South
Punjab while micro hydel potential is ~7,000
megawatt (MW).
Pillar IV: sufficient, reliable, clean and Affordable and Clean Energy
cost-effective availability of energy
Target 7.2
Punjab Growth Strategy 2018 By 2030, increase substantially the
Resolving electricity shortage share of renewable energy in the global
energy mix
Punjab Power Generation
Policy
To provide adequate power generation
capacity at the least cost and to protect
the environment
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Renewable share Energy 34% 40% 45% 50%

in energy mix Year Book
(Hydro, Thermal
and Wind)
Energy savings No Baseline 15% network 10% network 5% network

across sectors energy saved energy saved energy saved
through through through
conservation conservation conservation
and technology and technology and technology
shifts shifts shifts

Required
Develop South Punjab as a solar energy zone with
Enhance public awareness about less reliance on the national grid
energy conservation in domestic and
commercial sectors. Power large cities to produce a domestic
consumer shift towards self-generated and
Leverage spatial and geological municipal solid waste
advantages, develop renewable
energy corridors to support future Cost-effective generation of power through
energy demands. effective utilization of residuals from zones of rice,
wheat and other crops
Promote and incentivize investment
in renewable energy resources in the
domestic and commercial spheres Key Stakeholders
through mechanisms such as
Public-Private Partnerships. Federal
National Electric Power Regulatory Authority
Introduce mandatory use of an
energy efficiency-labeling Provincial
framework. Punjab Power Development Board,
Housing Urban Development & Public Health
Use smart technology for streetlights Engineering Department,
and public buildings. Agriculture Department and
Local Governments
Generate on-site power for industrial
sectors to reduce transmission
losses. Key Agency
Declare South Punjab as priority Energy Department
solar zone to develop on/off grid
renewable energy projects.
Develop necessary collection and

transfer mechanisms in agricultural
zones to provide easy access to raw
materials.
Pioneer net metering at government

offices and expand it to urban
centers.
Develop energy management plans

for all utilities and conduct energy
audits.
Promote reliance of rural villages

and settlements on renewable
resources to ensure self-sufficiency.
Gilgit
Baltistan
KPK
Renewable
Afghanistan
Energy Potential Areas

AJK
ICT Jammu and
Kashmir
Attock
Rawalpindi
Jhelum
Chakwal
Gujrat
Mianwali
FATA
Mandi
Bahauddin Sialkot
Khushab Narowal
Sargodha Gujranwala
Hafizabad
Chiniot Sheikhupura
Bhakar
Nankana
Lahore
Sahib
Jhang Faisalabad
Balochistan
Layyah
Toba Tek Kasur
Singh
Okara
Sahiwal
Muzaffargarh
DG Khan Khanewal Pakpattan
Vehari
Multan
Lodhran Bahawalnagar
Rajanpur
Bahawalpur
Rahim
Yar Khan
India
Legends
Hydel Potential Sites
Sindh Biomass Sites
Wind Potential Zone

0 50 100
Solar Potential Zone
Map 1.4.3: Renewable Energy Potential Areas

SO-5
Enhance the quality of life for
all segments of society
PS 5.1: Reduce poverty,
disparity & deprivation
PS 5.2: Inclusive and

balanced access to quality
healthcare services
PS 5.3: Inclusive and

balanced access to quality
basic education
05
Enhance the quality of life for
Strategic
Objective
all segments of society
The 2030 agenda for The prevailing conditions Human capital, i.e. an educated
Sustainable Development calls suggest that districts in South workforce, is vital for economic
for a world with universal Punjab lag behind in education, growth. The relationship
access to quality education, health, sanitation and access to between productivity and
health care and social safe drinking water3 as shown educational capabilities of any
protection such that physical, by the Social Progress Index4. workforce is well established.
mental and social wellbeing are Investing in health is essential Existing development indices
assured. Enabling quality of life to enhance workforce reflect deepening urban-rural
through improved productivity and increase and north-south disparities,
socioeconomic wellbeing is workers’ physical capabilities, increasing consistently due to
necessary for equitable and including strength and rapid urbanization and
inclusive national development. endurance. The child mortality population growth. For
Punjab faces multiple rate per 1000 live births instance, net primary
intra-regional disparities, as fluctuates from a high 145 in enrollment is less than 60% and
shown in the Multi-dimensional Mandi Bahauddin to a low 44 in net secondary enrollment less
Poverty Index (MPI)2 that hinder Chakwal, with most of South than 40% in most districts of
attainment of Sustainable Punjab’s districts falling in the South Punjab.
Development Goals (SDGs). As bottom tier in terms of basic
long as spatial disparities health indicators. This calls for
persist, achieving SDGs may not an integrated healthcare
be possible. The north-south & system with targeted
urban-rural spatial inequalities interventions in the most
should be addressed if deprived districts and make
significant progress is to be SDGs attainment a realizable
made for achieving equitable goal.
growth and SDGs.
2
A study of the Planning Commission of Pakistan (2014-15) with mapping input by the Urban Unit.
3
Policies on poverty reduction, health and education are given under this strategic objective. The policy for WASH is given
under SO 3 as PS 3.4.
4
The index is based on analysis by the Urban Unit.
PS
5.1
Reduce Policy Background

Poverty, The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development recognizes eradication of
Disparity and poverty as the greatest global challenge

and an indispensable requirement for
achieving sustainable development.
Deprivation Punjab is Pakistan’s most economically
unequal province. Its per capita income
inequality (provincial Gini Coefficient)
has increased from 0.35 in 1987-88 to
0.43 in 2013-14. In terms of
Multi-dimensional Poverty Index (MPI),
Punjab fares comparatively better than
other provinces. However,
intra-provincial disparity is immense
with the MPI varying from 4.3% in
Lahore to 64.4% in Rajanpur. Such
disparity calls for spatially sensitive
policy reform. Inclusive development
requires strategic prioritization of social
sectors and a consolidated effort
towards inclusive growth.
Pillar-II: Achieving sustained, No Poverty
indigenous and inclusive growth Target: 1.1
End Extreme Poverty
Targeted interventions for poor Target 1.2
segment in terms of human capital/ Half Poverty by 2030
skills development, social sector and Target 1.3
job creation Implement Social Protection Mechanism
Target 1.5
Build Resilience for the Poor
Goal 8
Decent Work and Economic Growth
Target 8.5
By 2030 achieve full and productive
employment and decent work for all
Goal 10
Reduced Inequality
Target 10.3
Ensure equal opportunity and reduce
inequalities of outcome
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Extreme Poverty World Bank (National), 6.1% (2013) 2% 0% 0%

(percentage of Target Source: SDGs
people at USD (0% by 2030)
1.9/day)
Incidence of Planning Commission, 31.45% 16% 14% 12%

Poverty, Target Source: SDG (2014-15)
Headcount in (Half by 2030) Rural: 43.7% 28% 24% 22%
percentage Urban: 6.3% 5% 4% 3%
(Multidimensional)
Income Inequality Zaidi (2016)*, 0.43 0.25 0.22 0.20

(Income Gini) Target Source: Linking (2014-15)
to SDG poverty target Rural: 0.40 0.23 0.21 0.20
(almost half of Urban: 0.45 0.27 0.23 0.21
baseline)
District Level
Incidence of Planning Commission Top District: Top District: Top District: Top District:
Poverty Target Source: 64.4% 36% 30% 25%
(MPI by district) Localizing SDG targets Bottom: 4.3% Bottom: 4% Bottom: 4% Bottom: 3%
(Half by 2030)
* Zaidi, S. Akbar (2016). “An overview of inequality in Pakistan”. Development Advocate Pakistan, 3 (2): 2 -9.

Required Reduced spatial disparity amongst districts
Allocate and prioritize Improved social cohesion in society

development budget for deprived
areas. Improved rural-urban cohesion
Target the development of each

area according to its potential Key Stakeholders
vis-à-vis human capital
endowment, proximity to markets Federal
and rural and urban centers. Planning Commission (Ministry of Planning,
Development & Reforms) and
Improve the identification Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper Secretariat
mechanism for vulnerable (Ministry of Finance)
population groups for social
protection provision (for instance, Provincial
through the Benazir Income Punjab Social Protection Authority,
Support Program, Punjab Social Labor & Human Resource Department and
Protection Authority Khidmat Social Welfare Department
Cards, Health Cards etc.) in each
area.
Key Agency
Implement minimum wage laws
especially in high priority Planning & Development Board
(deprived) areas.
Expand focus of micro-loaning

system to high priority (deprived)
areas.
Develop a spatial decision support

system for Annual Development
Plan allocation and use
formula-based development
spending for deprived areas.
KPK
Gilgit
Afghanistan Baltistan
Priority Areas for Poverty

Related Interventions
AJK
ICT Jammu and
Kashmir
Attock
Rawalpindi
Jhelum
Chakwal
Mianwali Gujrat
FATA
Mandi
Bahauddin Sialkot
Narowal
Khushab Gujranwala
Sargodha
Hafizabad
Sheikhupura
Bhakar Chiniot
Nankana Lahore
Sahib
Jhang Faisalabad
Toba Kasur
Layyah
Tek
Singh
Okara
Sahiwal
Muzaffargarh
DG Khan Khanewal
Balochistan Pakpattan
Multan
Vehari
Bahawalnagar
Lodhran
Rajanpur
Bahawalpur
Rahim
Yar Khan
India
Legends
Low
N
Medium (Low)
Medium (High)
High
Sindh
*The map is based on Poverty Incidence

0 50 100
by UNDP (2014-15), Mapped by Urban Unit
Map 1.5.1: Priority Areas for Poverty Related Interventions

PS
5.2

Balanced Provision of inclusive, affordable and quality
healthcare is an important measure of the
Access to quality of life. According to the Economic

Survey of Pakistan 2011, healthcare in Pakistan
is administered mainly by the private sector,
Quality accounting for approximately 80% of all
outpatient visits. Punjab faces major disparities
Healthcare in terms of health, affecting inclusive human
development and access to quality healthcare
Services services. Existing disparities are evident
spatially, hindering achievement of sustainable
socioeconomic development. The disparity is
evident, in terms of health indicators, at the
intra-provincial level across the north-south
and rural-urban divide. Child mortality rate per
1,000 live births fluctuate from being as high as
145 in Mandi Bahauddin to 44 for Chakwal, with
most of South Punjab districts falling at the
bottom tier in terms of basic health indicators.
Health infrastructure development needs to
account for prevalent inequalities in the South
to bring these regions at par with Central and
North Punjab. Access to an integrated health
eco-system with adequate expenditure on
health sector should target most deprived
districts on high priority if Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs) are to be achieved.
Pillar I: Developing social and human Good health & well-being
capital and empowering women
Target 3.1
Punjab Growth Strategy 2018 By 2030, reduce the global maternal
Pillar IV: Better performing social mortality ratio to less than 70 per
sectors and a stronger social safety net 100,000 live births
Target 3.2
By 2030, end preventable deaths of
newborns and children under 5 years of
age, with all countries aiming to reduce
neonatal mortality to at least as low as
12 per 1,000 live births and under-5
mortality to at least as low as 25 per
1,000 live births
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Infant Mortality Multiple Punjab: 75 25 12 10

(0-12 months) per Indicators Cluster Bottom tier Districts:
1,000 live births Survey (MICS) 74-111
(2014-15) Top tier Districts: 37 - 68
Target 2027:
National SDG
Framework (2018)
Child Mortality MICS (2014-15) Punjab: 93 40 17 15

(under 5) per Target 2027: Bottom tier Districts: 93 - 145
1,000 live births National SDG Top tier Districts: 44 - 88
Framework (2018)

Required Reduced intra-provincial disparities in healthcare
by focusing on high-priority intervention areas
Optimize financial and non-financial
resources for healthcare in Reduced rural-urban disparities in healthcare by
underserved areas, especially South expanding outreach to underserved areas on the
Punjab, through geographically periphery
targeted interventions.
Increase awareness of preventive Key Stakeholders

healthcare.
Provincial
Improve quality of maternal Punjab Healthcare Commission and
healthcare delivery services. Local Governments
Integrate the existing healthcare

management system in both rural Key Agency
and urban areas through provision of
adequate medical infrastructure for Primary & Secondary Healthcare Department and
newborns. Specialized Healthcare & Medical Education
Department
Increase Public-Private Partnerships
to expand health outreach,
particularly in underserved areas
where the private sector does not
readily invest.
Localize the healthcare related SDGs

targets by focusing on primary,
secondary and tertiary healthcare.
KPK
Gilgit
Afghanistan Baltistan
Priority Areas for

Intervention in Health
AJK
ICT Jammu and
Kashmir
Attock
Rawalpindi
Jhelum
Chakwal
Mianwali Gujrat
FATA
Mandi
Bahauddin Sialkot
Narowal
Khushab Gujranwala
Sargodha
Hafizabad
Sheikhupura
Bhakar Chiniot
Nankana Lahore
Sahib
Jhang Faisalabad
Toba Kasur
Layyah
Tek
Singh
Okara
Sahiwal
Muzaffargarh
DG Khan Khanewal
Multan
Vehari
Bahawalnagar
Lodhran
Rajanpur
Bahawalpur
Rahim
Yar Khan
India
Legends
N Low
Medium (Low)
Medium (High)
Sindh High
*The map is based on analysis by Urban Unit

0 50 100
on Health Dimension of the Social Progress Index (2015)
Map 1.5.2: Priority Areas for Interventions in Health

PS
5.3

Balanced Access to education is central to
achieving inclusive socioeconomic
Access to growth. Current education

indicators reflect that distinct
urban-rural and north-south
Quality Basic disparities are constantly on the rise
due to rapid urbanization and
Education population growth. For instance, net
primary enrollment remains less
than 60% and net secondary
enrollment less than 40% for most of
South Punjab. Punjab also has
limited public education
infrastructure. At present there are
0.54 educational institutions per
1,000 people. The education
infrastructure thus needs a dire
upgrade to ensure that universal
access to education is made a reality
for all.
Pillar I: Developing social and human Quality Education
capital and empowering women
Target 4.1
Punjab Growth Strategy 2018 By 2030, ensure that all girls and boys
Pillar IV, Better performing social complete free, equitable and quality
sectors and a stronger social safety net primary and secondary education
leading to relevant and effective
learning outcomes
Target 4.2
By 2030, ensure that all girls and boys
have access to quality early childhood
development, care and pre-primary
education so that they are ready for
primary education
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Net Enrollment Pakistan Standard Punjab 72 100 100 100

Rate (primary) of Living Bottom tier Districts: 38 - 60
Measurement Top tier Districts: 58 - 82
(PSLM) (2014-15)
Target 2027:
National
Sustainable
Development Goal
(SDG) Framework
(2018)
Primary or higher PSLM (2014-15) Punjab: 69 100 100 100

level completion Target 2027: Bottom tier Districts: 29 - 51
rate (%) National SDG Top tier Districts: 52 - 75
Framework (2018)
Youth Literacy Multiple Indicators 75.9 100 100 100

rate (16-25) Cluster Survey
(MICS) (2014-15)
Target 2027:
National SDG
Framework (2018)
Gender Parity PSLM (2014-15) 0.88 1 1 1

Index (primary) Target 2027:
National SDG
Framework (2018)

Required
Reduced intra-provincial disparities in education
Spatially map schools in districts of by focusing on South Punjab
Punjab to identify under-served
areas, for more targeted investment. Reduced rural-urban disparities in education by
extending educational facilities to peripheral and
Identifying pockets of areas, where underserved areas
accessibility to higher levels of
education is limited (middle,
secondary, higher secondary) and Key Stakeholders
improving quality and accessibility
to higher levels of education. Provincial
Local Governments and Literacy & Non-formal
Increase Public-Private Partnerships Basic Education Department
to expand education outreach to
underserved areas.
Key Agency
Provide targeted infrastructure
development to underserved areas. School Education Department
Improve quality of educational

services in schools.
Design interventions in the

education sector, such as capacity
building initiatives for teachers.
Create awareness of ‘education for

all’ targeting out-of-school children.
Afghanistan
Gilgit
KPK
Baltistan
Priority Areas for Intervention

in Education
AJK
ICT Jammu and
Kashmir
Attock
Rawalpindi
Jhelum
Chakwal
Mianwali Gujrat
FATA
Mandi
Bahauddin Sialkot
Narowal
Khushab Gujranwala
Sargodha
Hafizabad
Sheikhupura
Bhakar Chiniot
Nankana Lahore
Sahib
Jhang Faisalabad
Toba Kasur
Layyah
Tek
Singh
Okara
Sahiwal
Muzaffargarh
DG Khan Khanewal
Multan
Vehari
Bahawalnagar
Lodhran
Rajanpur
Bahawalpur
Rahim
Yar Khan
India
Legends
N Low
Medium (Low)
Medium (High)
Sindh High
*The map is based on analysis by Urban Unit on

0 50 100
Education Dimension of the Social Progress Index (2015)
Map 1.5.3: Priority Areas for Interventions in Education

SO-6
Enhance environment
protection & management
PS 6.1: Conserve and enhance
biodiversity and environmental
value
PS 6.2: Greening of regions for

improving livability
PS 6.3: Align development to

climate change resilience
06 Strategic
Objective
Enhance environment
protection & management
Punjab, especially its urban policy statements that broadly led to a poor state of
areas present a dire need for target climate change, livability environmental governance in
environment protection and and forest cover can make Punjab.
management owing to various Punjab an environmentally
issues widely linked to sustainable province. The overarching impacts of
uncontrolled urbanization, interventions under these
haphazard industrialization, air Pakistan is among top 10 policy statements are expected
quality deterioration, declining countries most affected by to trickle down and ultimately
water quality and quantity, climate change as per the 2017 improve the current state of
improper waste disposal and Global Climate Risk Index. Punjab’s environment.
mismanagement of natural According to the Food and Environmental considerations
resources. This has seriously Agriculture Organization5, the need to be mainstreamed at
impacted public health and forest degradation rate in both the macro and micro level
livability of Punjab’s Pakistan is the highest in Asia in Punjab. By implementing
inhabitants. and the country is ranked 110th identified key actions and using
in the world with respect to the strategic management tools
Being the most populous forest cover. Punjab’s Environment under PSS, it is hoped that
province of Pakistan, and with Protection Department, the environmental governance and
heavy dependence on natural prime authority responsible for monitoring will be improved
resources, improvement in protection, conservation and along with environment’s
Punjab’s environment can improvement of the quality, thereby leading to a
contribute to economic environment along with clean, green, climate resilient
development at the macro promotion of sustainable and livable Punjab.
level. This strategic objective development, has unfortunately
complements the Punjab been unable to perform its
Spatial Strategy environment- mandated functions efficiently.
related objectives of Issues such as limited capacity
conservation of natural and insufficient human
resources through sustainable resource vis a vis. demand,
development and protection inappropriate monitoring,
and improvement of limited funds and over 2,500
environment. Implementing pending assessment cases have
5
Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations, 2012
PS
6.1
Conserve and Policy Background

Enhance Pakistan is home to over 2000 living species
including mammals, birds, reptiles, fish,
Biodiversity & amphibians and invertebrates that are under

various International Union for Conservation of
Nature (IUCN) categories of threat: critically
Environmental endangered, endangered, vulnerable, near
threatened. Some of the world’s rarest animals
Value like the Indus River dolphin and the snow
leopard are local to Pakistan. Forest cover in
Pakistan is just 2% of its total area, while
Punjab’s forest cover is 3.2%. Of the 80 mammal
varieties found in Punjab, six are threatened as
per IUCN’s red list while of the 670 bird species,
21 have an IUCN status demanding
conservation. The total area of high
conservation priority in Punjab is
approximately 63,695 km (29.72%). There are
2
120,788 km2 (56.35%) with a moderate

conservation value, and 29,870 km2 (13.93%)
with a low conservation priority. The protected
area of Punjab constitutes only 1.03% of its
total area. According to the Punjab Protection
Preservation Conservation and Management
Act, special permission will be required for
development in wildlife sanctuaries and
national parks.
Relevance to National Relevance to

Visions and Strategies Sustainable
Development Goals
Pakistan Vision 2025
Promote long-term sustainability, Goal 15
conservation and protection of natural Life on Land
resources.
Target 15.1
Punjab Growth Strategy 2018 By 2020, ensure conservation,
Improving land resources and restoration and sustainable use of
environment, by tackling water logging terrestrial and inland freshwater
and improving soil quality, and mitigating ecosystems and their services, in
the impact of climate change. particular forests, wetlands, mountains
and dry lands, in line with obligations
Biodiversity Action Plan of under international agreements
Pakistan, 2000
Mainstreaming of biodiversity into Target 15.5
policies and plans for sustainable Take urgent and significant action to
development reduce the degradation of natural
habitats, halt the loss of biodiversity
Convention on Biological and, by 2020, protect and prevent the
Diversity (CBD) extinction of threatened species
Develop national strategies, plans or
programmes, or adapt existing plans, to
address the provisions of the convention;
and to integrate biodiversity work into
sectoral and cross-sectoral plans,
programmes and policies
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Forest area Forest, Wildlife & Punjab’s forest cover Increase Increase Increase
Fisheries is 3.2% Punjab’s forest Punjab’s forest Punjab’s forest
Department and cover to 6% cover to 10% cover to 15%
the World Bank
High value Forest, Wildlife & National Parks 5 The protected The protected The protected
conservation Fisheries Wildlife Sanctuary 36 areas network areas network areas network
areas Department, and Game Reserves 23 will be will be will be
transformation IUCN Total land covered by expanded expanded expanded
into protected Punjab’s protected through at least through at least through at least
areas areas is 3,315,803 ha two new areas three new four new areas
(16.14%) classified as so as to cover at areas so as to so as to cover at
above least 18% of cover at least least 22% of
Punjab’s 20% of Punjab’s
terrestrial area Punjab’s terrestrial area
terrestrial area

Required Improved conservation of existing protected
areas and their habitat e.g. Murree (for snow
Development and implementation of leopards), Attock (Kala Chitta National Park)
Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan
with creation of a biodiversity High conservation value areas promoted, and
inventory for Punjab. new protected areas developed –such as
Chakwal and Rawalpindi (for Urial), Khushab
Expand and improve the information (for Indian Pangolin), Narowal (for Hog Deer),
base on biodiversity by appointing a Cholistan (for Houbara Buster)
provincial center to coordinate
biodiversity identification and
monitoring activities e.g. through
introduction of a Forest Key Stakeholders
Management Information System.
Federal
Promote factors contributing to Ministry of Climate Change
biodiversity richness, and
restoration of protected sites. Provincial
Environment Protection Department
Regular monitoring by agencies
responsible for conservation and
sustainable use of natural resources. Key Agency
Develop an effective legal framework Forest, Wildlife & Fisheries Department
for implementation of the
Convention on Biological Diversity,
along with a mechanism linking
Punjab with federal entities such as
the Ministry of Climate Change.
Gilgit
Baltistan
Afghanistan KPK
Conservation Areas
AJK
ICT Jammu and

Kashmir
Rawalpindi
FATA
Gujranwala
Sargodha
Lahore
Faisalabad
Balochistan Dera Ghazi Khan

Sahiwal
Multan
Bahawalpur
Legends
National Park
Wildlife Sanctuary
Game Reserves
India Forest
Protected Area
N Conservation Area
River
Proposed Protected Areas

Hog Deer
Sindh
Leopard
Urial
0 50 100
Indian Bustard
Reserved Forest
Map 1.6.1: Conservation Areas

PS
6.2
Greening of Policy Background

Regions for Clean environment including breathable air and
safe water with regard to accessibility, availability
Improving and quality impacts the livability and public

health of the community. A reduced amount of
public space negatively impacts life in the cities.
Livability Concentration of Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 is
alarmingly high in Punjab, over the levels deemed
acceptable by Punjab Environmental Quality
Standards (PEQS) and six times higher than the
WHO standard. Almost 68% of the polluting
industries in Punjab lie within city boundaries
causing serious externalities in the form of poor air
and water quality and depleting water quantity.
High levels of total dissolved solids, arsenic,
nitrate and fluoride have contributed to poor
water quality index in the region. Wastewater in
Punjab is discharged untreated into water bodies
due to lack of proper facilities for waste disposal,
thereby polluting and making water unsuitable for
drinking, industrial, agricultural and recreational
consumption. According to World Cities Culture
Forum, the lowest quartile of cities in terms of
percentage of public green space includes Dubai
(2%), Istanbul (2.2%), Mumbai (2.5%) and
Shanghai (2.8%). Cities in Punjab are expected to
match at least these values. Uncontrolled
urbanization, haphazard industrialization,
improper waste management, out-dated
technologies and rapid increase in transportation
have deteriorated environmental quality of
Punjab. Livability of Punjab’s population has to be
improved through green growth.
Development of an integrated energy Clean Water and Sanitation
development model and promote
long-term sustainability, conservation Target 6.3
and protection of natural resources By 2030, improve water quality by
reducing pollution, eliminating
Punjab Growth Strategy 2018 dumping and minimizing release of
Punjab’s growth has to be private hazardous chemicals and materials,
sector-led, employment-intensive and halving the proportion of untreated
export-oriented while being regionally wastewater and substantially
balanced and environmentally sound increasing recycling and safe reuse
and improving land resources and globally
environment, by tackling water logging
and improving soil quality, and Goal 9
mitigating the impact of climate change Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
Smog Policy 2017 Target 9.4

Identify reasons behind formation of By 2030, upgrade infrastructure and
dense smog and on the onset of winters retrofit industries to make them
each year and provide plan including sustainable, with increased
measures for protection of school going resource-use efficiency and greater
children; minimizing road accidents & adoption of clean and environmentally
creating mass awareness on sound technologies and industrial
precautionary measures for citizens processes, with all countries taking
at large action in accordance with their
respective capabilities
Goal 11
Target 11.6
By 2030 reduce the adverse per capita
environmental impact of cities,
including by paying special attention to
air quality and municipal and other
waste management.
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Air Quality Index Environment PM2.5 levels are Bring AQI to the Bring AQI to the Bring AQI to the
(AQI) Protection above PEQS in value of 51-100 value of 0-50 for value of 0-30 for
Department entire Punjab for 10 large all cities all cities
cities
Water Quality Environment Poor Water Bring WQI to Bring WQI to the Bring WQI to the
Index (WQI) Protection Quality index the value of value of 26-50 for value of 0-25 for
Department shows that poor 26-50 for 10 all cities all cities
quality is large cities
affecting 16
million people
Urban forest Forest, Wildlife & To be Increase urban Increase urban Increase urban
Fisheries determined forest cover by forest cover by forest cover by
Department and 6% 10% 15%
Local Governments
PEQS compliant Environment To be 20% of the 40% of the urban 70% of the
urban industries Protection determined urban industries to urban industries
Department industries to comply to PEQS to comply to
comply to PEQS
PEQS
Health and safety International Labor To be Development 40% reduction in 70% reduction in
related incidents organization determined and notification EHS related EHS related
and accidents Labour & Human of Environment incidents incidents
Resource Health and
Department Safety (EHS)
Act,
20% reduction
in EHS related
incidents
Percentage of World Cities Culture To be Increase Increase Increase

public green Forum determined percentage of percentage of percentage of
space public green public green public green
space to 3% in space to 4% in 10 space to 5% in
5 large cities of large cities of 25 large cities of
Punjab Punjab Punjab

Required Increase compliance of PEQS for air and water
quality by greening industries in four major
Restructure Environment Protection concentrations: Faisalabad, the Golden
Department and revise the Triangle, Lahore and Multan
Environment Protection Act for
improved environmental Improved aesthetic value, environmental
governance. condition and public health of the province
through provision of adequate green spaces
Regularly monitor industries and afforestation
(especially those within cities) to
comply with PEQS. Reduced industrial and municipal pollution
loads into rivers and other tributaries and thus,
Digitally map sources of pollution improve quality and aesthetic value of water
such as industrial zones and bodies
demarcate high-risk zones based on
pollution loads and peak pollution
timings of the year. Key Stakeholders
Implement intervention measures in Provincial
identified priority areas. Industries, Commerce & Investment
Department,
Prepare and implement plantation Parks & Horticulture Authorities,
projects with special focus on Water & Sanitation Agencies,
greening cities. Local Governments and
Development Authorities
Install air quality monitor to verify air
quality baseline.
Key Agency
Develop and implement Health,
Safety and Environmental Policy in Environmental Protection Department
large and medium size industries.
Introduce Best Available Techniques

(BAT) and Market Based Instruments
(MBIs) for controlling industrial
pollution.
Approve new industrial estates

subject to the development of
Combined Effluent Treatment Plants
(CETP) and bind current industrial
estates to develop within their
boundaries.
Gilgit
Baltistan
Afghanistan KPK
Priority Areas
Environmental Protection
AJK
ICT Jammu and

Kashmir
Rawalpindi
FATA
Gujranwala
Sargodha
Lahore
Faisalabad
Balochistan Dera Ghazi Khan

Sahiwal
Multan
Bahawalpur
Legends
Priority Areas for Intervention
Greening of Industries
India
High
Medium
N
Water Quality
High
Medium
Sindh
Air Quality-PM 2.5
High
0 50 100
Medium
Map 1.6.2: Priority Areas Environmental Protection

PS
6.3
Align Policy Background

Development Pakistan lies in the high-risk
extreme category according to the
to Climate Climate Change Vulnerability Index.

The negative effect of floods alone is
estimated to be USD 6 billion/year.
Change Road traffic remains a main source
of fine air pollutant (Particulate
Resilience Matter - PM2.5 and Carbon Dioxide
-CO) in Pakistan. Pakistan’s urban
air pollution is among the highest in
South Asia and the resulting
damage has caused high rate of
mortality and morbidity in the
region. Such variability has led to
considerable increase in the
frequency and intensity of extreme
weather events, erratic monsoon
rain and floods, posing a threat to
water, food, energy and even
national security. With increasing
global focus on actions to counter
climate change, there is a dire need
to address climate change in
planning and implementation of
development projects across
Punjab.
Design water, food and energy security Climate Action
policies and plans of the country with
specific reference to the profound Targets 13.1
challenges posed by climate change Strengthen resilience and adaptive
and explicit recognition of the relevant capacity to climate-related hazards and
risks associated economic and social natural disasters in all countries
costs and implementation of
well-defined mitigation and adaptation
strategies/measures and protecting Target 13.2
natural resources and addressing Integrate climate change measures into
climate change. policies, strategies and planning
National Climate Change Policy

Mainstreaming of climate change into
economically and socially vulnerable
sectors of the economy and to steer
Pakistan towards climate resilient
development.

Improving land resources and
environment and mitigating the impact
of Climate Change
Smog Policy 2017

Identify reasons behind formation of
dense smog and on the onset of winters
each year and provide plan including
measures for protection of school going
children; minimizing road accidents
and creating mass awareness on
precautionary measures for citizens at
large
United Nations Framework

Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC)
Pakistan’s Nationally Determined
Contribution (NDC) to the Paris
Agreement is 20% reduction of 2030
projected Green House Gas (GHG)
emissions
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
GHG emissions Intergovernmental Pakistan ranked 18% reduction 25% reduction in 35% reduction in
Panel on Climate seventh in the the provincial the provincial GHG
amongst the provincial GHG GHG emissions emissions
Change (IPCC)
most adversely emissions
affected
countries by
Climate Change
Urban heat Environment 60 to 70% of the Reduce Reduce Reduce

island Protection urban air quality temperature temperature temperature
degradation is difference in difference in difference in
Department
affected areas by
and Transport related to affected areas affected areas by
one degrees
Department vehicular by two degree one degree (identified as low
emissions in (identified as (identified as priority areas)
Pakistan High priority Medium priority
areas) areas)
Urban forest To be Increase urban Increase urban Increase urban

Forest, Wildlife &
forest cover by
Fisheries determined forest cover by forest cover by
15%
Department and 6% 10%
Local Governments
Percent Urban Transportation 75 >82 >88 >95

population with Department Punjab
access to and Land Scan
intra-city public population database
transport (also
listed in PS 3.6)

Required Reduced impact of climate change in large and
intermediate cities for 2047 through climate
Improve environmental governance resilient infrastructure and greening
through development of a Climate
Change Act and Climate Change Reduced impact of urban heat island and smog
Resilient Infrastructure Codes and in the ten largest and intermediate cities
Rules. by 2047
Develop an active GHG inventory at

provincial level starting with the ten Key Stakeholders
largest cities.
Federal
Introduce Best Available Techniques Ministry of Climate Change
(BAT) in the system to obtain
environmental permits for Provincial
industries. Forest, Wildlife & Fisheries Department
Develop future climate change
scenarios with quantification and Key Agency
mapping of risks to urban service
delivery sectors (water storage, Environmental Protection Department
transport, health, solid waste,
energy systems) with the help of
impact assessment models,
identification of adaptation
strategies to enhance resilience of
the climate sensitive development
projects’ components at design and
construction phases.
Afforestation to help more forests to

act as carbon sinks.
Gilgit
Baltistan
Afghanistan KPK
Urban Heat Islands

Attock AJK
Rawalpindi Jammu and

Taxila Kashmir
Chakwal Jehlum
Mandi
Mianwali Bahuddin Gujrat
FATA Sialkot
Wazirabad
Khushab Daska
Gujranwala
Sargodha Hafizabad Narrowal
Kamoki
Muridke
Chiniot Sheikhupura
Bhakkar Lahore
Faisalabad Nankana
Jhang Sahib
Jaranwala
Toba Tek Gojra Kasur
Layyah Singh
Okara
Kamalia
Balochistan sahiwal
Kot Addu
Khanewal Pakpattan
Multan
Burewala
DG Khan
Vehari Bahawalnagar
Muzzaffargarh
Chishtian
Lodhran
Bahawalpur
Rajanpur Ahmadpur East
Rahim Yar Khan

Khanpur
Sadiqabad
India
Legends
Sindh Temperature Difference ('C)
0 to 2 (Medium Priority)
0 50 100
> 2 (High Priority)
Map 1.6.3: Urban Heat Islands

SO-7
Implementation of an integrated
spatial planning system
PS 7.1: Implement geographically
disaggregated data driven
decision support system and tools
PS 7.2: Institutional capacity

building to plan and implement
Punjab Spatial Strategy
PS 7.3: Implement policies and

align institutions through
integrated development planning
frameworks
07 Strategic
Objective
Implementation of integrated
spatial planning system
An essential component of sources such as acquiring local level, as well as
successful implementation of remotely sensed data in establishment of city level
government reform is strong addition to using conventional support service offices, can
governance. Overlapping survey technology. The aim is ensure efficient data collection
mandates of multiple not only to build foundations of and dissemination. Additional
institutions in the urban sector, geospatial data but also institutions such as an
disintegrated development maintain a database for use in economic development
efforts and lack of spatial focus policymaking. Standardization department in cities, and
in planning systems have will be a prerequisite for regulatory bodies to manage
aggravated policy developing and sharing the these institutions, can facilitate
ineffectiveness in Punjab. When geospatial data, information, cities to emerge as efficient
institutions operate in silos, it and services efficiently. drivers of the economy.
creates a disconnect between Standards for interoperability
individual schemes and the of spatial data will also be a Another significant issue
larger development vision. The priority. Organizations - local, remains the lack of technical
key aim of the Punjab Spatial foreign, public and private - knowledge and spatial
Strategy (PSS) is to enhance may also require some of this planning at the regional and
sustainable development in spatial data for city levels. Moreover,
Punjab by 2047 through decision-making, leading to overlapping mandates of
targeted policy actions, direct investments in priority multiple institutions
reforms, and mechanisms by areas of the government. accentuate inefficiency and
ensuring an integrated delays in service provision.
mechanism for planning via an Due to a lack of appropriate Spatial data provision, regional
evidence-based spatial lens. human resources with spatial planning, and integrated
Implementation of this system technological understanding, planning system from
will require development of a strategies for capacity building provincial and local
strong foundation in spatial remain a central part of government bodies will be the
data and analysis, capacity strategy’s framework. Existing first steps for reducing such
building of departments and technical and institutional gaps inefficiencies. Effective
agencies, and ensure vertical in the governance system can governance also requires both
and horizontal integration of only be addressed via capacity horizontal and vertical
planning systems. building and training programs integration at all levels. The PSS
for public officials. The training proposes policies, which
Lack of updated spatial data needs can be identified by the through support of federal and
and evidence-based departments in need of such provincial level institutions can
decision-making remains a services, in addition to create a conducive
barrier to effective policy specifying thematic areas environment for sustainable
solutions. Using new under which a specialized economic development in
technologies and strategies for focused is required. Capacity Punjab.
geospatial data, Punjab can building of the Bureau of
exploit alternative information Statistics at the provincial and
PS
7.1
Implement Policy Background

Geographically Many advanced and developing countries
are engaged in spatial data development
Disaggregated that involves the formulation of geospatial

services to support policymaking and public
service delivery and ultimately economic
Data-Driven growth, improved governance, and
environmental sustainability. Public sector
Decision investment decisions across Punjab,
especially in growth-related infrastructure
Support projects, have been implemented without
spatial sensitivity resulting in imbalanced
Systems & and inequitable development. Such
sub-optimal selection of infrastructure
Tools projects affects the outcomes in many ways.

The government policy of developing an
industrial estate in every district coupled
with absence of a location selection
mechanism has cost the exchequer
significantly while impacts are yet to
translate into any kind of industrial
development. Similarly, agriculture-related
infrastructure is not always optimally
positioned and lacks integration with
existing infrastructure, leading to wasted
potential of specific areas.
Pillar II: Informed decision-making Reduce inequalities
Pakistan Growth Strategy 2018 Target 10.1

Identification of areas to be earmarked Ensure equal opportunity and reduced
as Special Economic Zones inequalities of income
Textiles Policy 2014-19

Clusters would be systematically
developed and existing clusters will be
strengthened
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Annual Planning and N/A 90% 95% 100%

Development Development Board
Plans (ADPs) are
aligned with PSS
to support
integrated
development
Data-driven Technical House Tools for industries, All major data Developed and AI
Spatial Decision (The Urban Unit) roads, water supply sets are in widely used for supported
Support System and sanitation, geographically decision decision
health and schools disaggregated making in all making
forms to key sectors
support policy
decisions

Required With informed decision-making, the strategy
will offer a framework to support and
Develop and implement enabling promote investments in highly feasible
instruments and guiding frameworks projects with spatial and regional linkages.
aligned with the Punjab Spatial All departments and agencies will be
Strategy to ensure evidence-based supported and trained to align their
decision-making. development initiatives and projects for a
spatially integrated, equitable and
Prioritize and align public sector prosperous Punjab
investments based on localized
competitiveness, needs and
priorities with set principals and Key Stakeholders
criteria using ICT.
Federal
Establish a central repository of data Ministry of Planning, Development and
with a special focus on geospatial Reforms and Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
data to support policymaking.
Provincial
Enact necessary spatial data policies All other Government Departments
through legal instruments to ensure and Agencies
collection and usage of standardized and the Urban Unit as Technical Home of
spatial data for policies at provincial, PSS
regional and local levels.
Develop a provincial data Key Agency

eco-system that integrates national
statistical data and also covers Planning and Development Board
departments, agencies and the
private sector.
Introduce a district and city level

GDP measurement mechanism
starting with annual monitoring.
Figure 1.7.1: Data Driven Spatial Decision Support System

PS
7.2
Institutional Policy Background

Capacity Capacity building is integral to building
strong and effective institutions. At
Building to present, government departments are not

fully equipped with spatial data and to
undertake evidence-based decision-
Plan and making owing to data constraints and lack
of analytical assessment frameworks and
Implement tools. In order to successfully integrate
the Punjab Spatial Strategy (PSS) into
Punjab department plans, there is a need to
enhance government’s institutional
Spatial capacity. Such capacity enhancement will
be required at all levels-provincial,
Strategy sectoral, regional and local-including

relevant departments and regional and
local stakeholders. This process will equip
the government to utilize spatial data and
tools for projects in accordance with
strategic objectives and policy views of
PSS. Existing resources within Punjab can
utilize this infrastructure to achieve the
targets set under PSS. Institutions like
Al-Jazari Water and Sanitation Academy
(AJWA), Management & Professional
Development Department (MPDD),
Punjab Local Government Academy
(PLGA) in Lala Musa can be leveraged to
make these important interventions
through curriculum enrichment, training
design and implementation of training
programs.
Focuses on technical and vocational Partnership for the Goals
training of public and private officials.
Capacity building programs include but Target 17.9
not limited to areas of alternative Enhance international support for
service delivery, project management, implementing effective and targeted
public private partnership, tourism, and capacity-building in developing
entrepreneurship countries to support national plans to
implement all the SDGs, including
Punjab Growth Strategy 2018 through north-south, south-south and
Focuses on demand driven good triangular cooperation
quality skills training opportunities
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Deployment of Technical Home Nil Provincial, Local Private Sector

Curriculum of PSS Department Governments Stakeholders
(Urban Unit) and Regional
level
Trained Human MPDD, AJWA, Nil +3,000 officials +6,000 officials +10,000 officials
Resources PLGA trained trained trained

Required Developed capacities in relation to PSS policies at
the provincial, regional and local levels
Renew curriculum and improve
areas of service delivery, PSS Development of Spatial Strategy Nodes in key
checklists, environmental departments, fully trained to support them
assessment, spatial planning, GIS,
governance, monitoring, and impact Improved capacity of departments to result in
assessment. successful implementation and
institutionalization of PSS
Establish training programs in
agriculture, industries, urban
development, municipal services, Key Stakeholders
and environment i.e. the core areas
of reform under the PSS. Provincial
Al-Jazari Water & Sanitation Academy,
Undertake capacity building for Management & Professional Development
training of trainers and public Department,
servants in collaboration with Punjab Local Government Academy,
international partners. and the Urban Unit
Notify AJWA and PLGA as training

centers for capacity building of Key Agency
municipal services and establish a
renewed rewards system built into Planning & Development Board
performance appraisal.
Establish MPDD and AJWA in South

Punjab and a Solid Waste
Management (SWM) training center
in Sahiwal.
Capacity Building
Framework
Organizational PSS Requirements
Assessment Strategic Objectives, Policy Satements
Departments and Agencies Actions, Spatial Data
TRAINING
NEED
ASSESSMENT
Knowledge, Skills &
Attitude Model
Target Curriculum Performance

Management Development Management
Integrated plan of Training modules and Integrated with Performance
Capacity building courses for officials and Appraisal & promotion
with M&E framework resources within training plan
Ongoing Monitoring Trainings Performance

and evaluation Assessment of staff
Spatial planning, GIS, SDGs,
Environment Assessment,
Data analytics, Project cycle
Training Evaluation
Figure 1.7.2: Capacity Building Framework

PS
7.3
Implement Policy Background

Policies and At present there is an absence of spatial and
evidence-based planning in Punjab. Different
Align departments of the provincial government prepare

development schemes to address sectoral needs
identified by various stakeholders. After assessment
Institutions and due review, these schemes inform the Annual
Development Plans. In addition, the federal
Through government also undertakes development projects
in different sectors in coordination with relevant
Integrated provincial departments. At the local level, municipal
institutions prepare and launch small-scale schemes
Development and projects within their jurisdictions according to
local needs and requirements. All these initiatives,
Planning though essential and important, respond to sectoral

demands with limited attention to the need for
Frameworks
integration across sectors to attain maximum spatial
benefit and impact. It is essential therefore to
integrate these sectoral development initiatives with
the urban and regional planning process via a spatial
lens. Assessment of environmental impacts in
different territories, calculation of demographic
variations in the implementation of development
projects, prioritization of land utilization for different
competing demands, examining the possibilities of
migration of under privileged communities and
value addition and economic gains from sectoral
investments are some key elements that should be
addressed through integrated planning. Possible
intervention instruments include regional and urban
coordination frameworks.
Institutional reform and modernization Partnership for goals
of public sector
Target 17.14
Punjab Growth Strategy 2018 Enhance policy coherence for
Propose institutional reforms and sustainable development
capacity building
Goal 11
Target 11.a
Support positive economic, social and
environmental links between urban,
peri-urban and rural areas by
strengthening national and regional
development planning
Expected Targets
Source 2027 2037 2047
Integrated Nil Punjab Spatial Development of Development Local

Development Strategy & district plans of town plans Development
Planning Regional and City master of all cities in planning till
Strategies by plan of 50 cities Punjab Union Council
2020 (UC) level

Required Better directed and sustained public and
private investments in areas of comparative
Adopt a Local Development and competitive advantage, under a regional
Framework by local governments for vision and marketing plan
spatial planning.
Improved coordination of sectoral
Form Regional Planning Committees investments ensured through accurate
to develop and coordinate regional assessment of its spatial dimensions
and local plans with the provincial
strategy.
Key Stakeholders
Add a Directorate General Strategic
Support Unit under Planning and Provincial
Development Board to oversee Housing, Urban Development & Public
inter-regional coordination and give Health Engineering Department,
effect to spatial policies at the Local Governments,
provincial and regional level. Development Authorities and
Local Government & Community
Develop Spatial Strategy Nodes at Development Department
key departments and regions under
PSS, responsible for providing
technical assistance and support in Key Agency
development of spatial plans and
evidence-based interventions in the Planning & Development Board
form of projects.
Undertake capacity building of

departments and local governments
for systemized data collection and
survey activities to ensure timely
provision of data for development
planning.
Develop information systems for

managing, consolidating and sharing
of data for the region.
Integration of Regional &

Local Development Frameworks
Planning Regional Development Planning

Hierarchy Framework Instrument
Regional tiers allow for strategic planning &
coordination mechanisms for local government for
long term coordinated development under
a unified vision.
Province Punjab Core Strategy

Provides the direction for Rawalpindi - Sargodha - Multan - D.G. Khan
development and Bahawalpur - Gujranwala - Faisalabad
legislative support Sahiwal - Lahore
Regions (Divisions) Regional Spatial

Form the economic units Development
based on a regional vision Plans
& development plans
Districts Local Development Framework District

Form the basic LDFs lay down which documents & plans are to be Development
administrative tier. Focus made by who and when for integrated city Plans
on resource strategies & development. Focus remains on aligning local
administration as per the priorities with the provincial and regional vision.
regional strategy (city, rural areas & towns)
Cities Master Plans

Metopolitan and Municipal Spatial planning, economic planning, transport,
Corporations oversee land zoning, policies, mega projects, data management
use & development in
collaboration with
development authorities
Tehsils/Towns Town Plans

Headed by either Town planning, land-use planning, regulations,
Municipal Corporations or enforcement, surveys, inter-departmental
Municipal Committees coordination
Union Councils
Lowest tier of local Problem identification, community engagement,
government responsible local oversight, coordination for implementation
for safeguarding
citizen needs
Figure 1.7.3: Integration of Regional & Local Development Frameworks

02
IMPLEMENTATION
FRAMEWORK
FOR INSTITUTIONAL
& LEGAL REFORM
2.1
Overview
The Punjab Spatial Strategy (PSS) with its policies and planning
landscape will have a lasting spatial impact on policymaking,
planning and development interventions by both public and private
sector in Punjab.
Therefore, implementation and spatial strategies, frameworks, taking forward spatial planning
institutionalization of PSS policies, and plans. along with its implementation
requires strong and sustainable and regulatory aspects at the
institutional anchorage The Punjab Spatial Planning Act provincial and regional level. It
through a sound regulatory will enact a governance will be guided by a high-level
framework. In order to achieve structure comprising of a approving forum, which will be
the overarching mandate of Spatial Planning Council of the SPCP.
provincial and regional spatial Punjab (SPCP – the Council) at
planning in Punjab, provincial the approval level and a Spatial The following overarching
legislation in the form of a Planning Authority of Punjab institutional design and
Punjab Spatial Planning Act (SPAP – the Authority) for arrangement is also proposed
passed by the Provincial policy, regulatory and for the Policy:
Assembly, will give effect to execution purposes. The role of
both provincial and regional SPAP will be paramount in
Spatial Planning Directorate General

Authority of Punjab SPAP
(SPAP) Implementation/Regulation
Spatial Planning Director
Council of Punjab General
(SPCP) SPAP
Figure 2.1.1: Proposed Institutional Arrangement for Spatial Planning

The SPAP will formulate and • System of cities, based on

execute cross-cutting policies economic potential as mega,
for spatial planning, zoning and large and intermediate, for
structure plans for Punjab and development interventions and
its regions, including, but not support systems
limited to, the following:
• Suitable areas for industrial
• Crop zones for improved estate development and
productivity & cropping industrial corridors, with
patterns support mechanisms including
technical and vocational
• Surface and ground water training
management zones for water
conservation, management • Priority and negative areas
and support systems, under the for animal breeding, dairy, and
Water Regulatory Authority poultry farming
• Disaster prone areas and • Negative area zoning for

sensitive areas as negative mining activities
zones especially in relation to
infrastructure • Tourism zones and circuits
for development and
• Connectivity, freight and interventions
transport corridors at
provincial, inter-district and • Urban and peri-urban forest
intra-district levels policies
• Negative areas where energy • Taxation and fiscal measures

generation activities are to be zones and areas to support
forbidden spatial planning interventions
• Conservation, protected • Capacity building in areas

areas, national parks and/or relevant to spatial planning
biological zones for
conservation and management • Regional land use planning
of environment for improved
environmental governance • Others
2.2
Spatial Planning
Council Punjab
The Council shall be a high-level approval forum in Punjab with a
key objective to provide advisory support, and guidance and
propose policy for spatial and regional planning in Punjab. It shall
also act as a high-level body for coordination and liaison with the
Federal Government and other Provincial Governments.
Proposed membership of the xxi. Three Members of the guidelines for provincial,
said Council is as follows, with Provincial Assembly Punjab regional and local spatial
the private/elected members to xxii. Three Members of NGOs/ planning
be notified by the Government, Civil Society
and the Chair having authority xxiii. Two Research • Planning and coordination
to co-opt further members: Representatives from for spatial planning activities
Academia or Research among concerned
i. Chief Minister Punjab (Chair) Institutes organizations as well as
ii. Minister Planning (Vice Chair) provincial departments to
In case of busy schedule of the achieve objectives of organized
iii. Minister Finance
Chair, or absence of the Chair spatial and economic
iv. Minister Law development
for any reasons, the Vice Chair
v. Minister Agriculture
shall periodically hold the
vi.Minister Communications & meetings and submit approved • Create an enabling
Works minutes to the Chair. The environment that shall
vii. Minister Environment Council shall perform the promote broader
viii. Minister Housing following functions, including multi-stakeholder participation
but not limited to: and integrated spatial planning
ix. Minister Industries
with due consideration for
x. Minister Irrigation sustainable balanced and
• Review the strategies,
xi. Minister Local Government equitable developments
frameworks policies and plans
xii. Minister Tourism pertaining to provincial,
xiii. Chief Secretary Punjab regional and local spatial • Review, in consultation with
xiv. Chairman P&D Board planning concerned organizations, the
progress on spatial planning
xv. Senior Member, BOR
xvi. Inspector General Police • Review and coordinate
implementation of the In case the Council fails to meet
xvii. Finance Secretary over a six-month period, the
measures taken under Punjab
xviii. Director General SPAP Authority Punjab shall be
Spatial Strategy and periodic
(Secretary) allowed to undertake any or all
updating of the same
xix. CEO Urban Unit of the above functions and seek
xx. Two Spatial Planning • Ensure implementation of post facto approval whenever
Experts, as may be prescribed legislation, strategies, the Council meets next.
by the Chair frameworks, policies, plans and
2.3
Spatial Planning
Authority Punjab
There shall be a Spatial Planning Authority Punjab to regulate and
supervise spatial planning in Punjab and its regions. Its key
objective will be to provide policy execution, rule making and
regulation for spatial planning in Punjab.
The Authority shall comprise of xviii. Director General SPAP on it under this policy or under
the following: (Secretary) the Punjab Spatial Strategy, the
xix. Director General Provincial Authority shall have the
i. Chairman P&D (Chair) Disaster Management Authority following functions:
ii. Secretary Finance Department xx. Director General Lahore
iii. Secretary FW&F Department Development Authority • Allowing, declaring and
iv. Secretary Agriculture xxi. Director General Parks and restricting the structure or
Department Horticulture Authority Lahore layout plan of certain areas
v. Secretary C&W Department xxii. Director General Civil under spatial and regional
vi. Secretary Environment Defence planning, keeping in view the
Protection Department xxiii. Director General Punjab principles of sustainability and
vii. Secretary HUD&PHE Emergency Services economic development
Department (Rescue 1122)
viii. Secretary IC&I Department xxiv. Director General Punjab • Technical advice, oversight
ix. Secretary Irrigation Department Social Protection Authority and consultancies in the field of
x. Secretary LG&CD Department xxv. CEO Infrastructure Urban Planning & Architecture,
xi. Secretary YASAT Department Development Authority of Regional Planning, Institutional
xii. Secretary Food Department Punjab Development, Capacity Building,
xiii. Secretary L&DD Department xxvi. CEO Urban Unit Environmental and Social
xiv. Secretary Cooperatives xxvii. Representatives of the Safeguards, Urban Economics,
Department Federal Government institutions, Municipal Finance, Solid Waste
xv. Secretary Labour & HR co-opted by the Chair Management, Industrial and
Department xxviii. Any other person Agricultural Planning, Water &
xvi. Representative of Senior co-opted by the Chair Sanitation, Tourism Development,
Member, BOR Urban Transport &
xvii. Additional IG Police For implementing this policy Connectivity, GIS and Remote
(Operations) and any consequent legislation Sensing and Capacity Building
• Plan, promote, organize, by the provincial departments planning through development

re-organize, implement and • Approve any regional, zonal of necessary frameworks,
execute programs (as executing or local strategies, frameworks, procedures, policies, standards
agency) either as a Project plans and policies related to and guidelines including but
Management Unit or otherwise spatial planning not limited to resilience, SMART,
in the fields of Governance, sustainable infrastructure,
Urban Planning and • Make policies or rules for monitoring and evaluation
Development, Regional utilization of the Fund procedures, green
Planning, Architecture and maintained by the DG development, urban forest,
Design, Environmental conservation principles, and
Management and Governance, • Act as the implementing, others
Solid Waste Management, executing, coordinating and
Water and Sanitation, Survey monitory body for spatial The Government may, on the
and Census, Taxation Systems, planning in Punjab, as request of the Authority,
Asset Management, and GIS executing agency transfer the services of an
Development employee to the Authority on
• Promote general education the terms and conditions,
• Prepare annual budget of the and awareness in the matters which shall not be less
Authority related to spatial planning favorable than those
admissible to him immediately
• Case studies, surveys, • Make necessary before his transfer to the
consultancies, experiments or appointments or to borrow Authority. An employee
technical researches to be human resources from the transferred so shall continue to
made and contribute towards Government be the employee of the
the cost of any such studies, Government, liable to be
surveys, consultancies, • Maintain its own Fund known transferred back to the
experiments or technical as Spatial Planning & Government unless, with the
researches made by any other Development Fund and its consent of the employee and
agency for furtherance of accounts in prescribed manner approval of the, Government,
objectives of this legislation he is absorbed in the service of
• Ensure development and the Authority in such manner
• Lay down policies and maintenance of GIS based and on such terms and
guidelines on spatial planning spatial data infrastructure and conditions as may be
or any other related aspect decision support systems/tools prescribed, and until so
and take all necessary prescribed as the Authority may
• Approve the strategies, measures to give effect to the determine.
plans, policies, frameworks and same
guidelines on spatial planning
and ensure alignments of the • Prepare projects and
plans prepared by the schemes for construction,
departments of the provincial development, rehabilitation,
government improvement, operations,
maintenance, execution,
• Direct any provincial widening, planning, designing
department or private entity to and monitoring in relation to
take any actions pertaining to spatial planning and
the implementation of the development in order to
strategies, frameworks, polices, achieve objectives of the
plans, or of rules thereof, Authority
related to spatial planning
• Promote, regulate and guide
• Lay down guidelines on provincial and regional spatial
spatial planning to be followed planning and local master
2.3.1
Director General of the Authority

The post of Director General of • Formulate strategies, objectives, or for responding to
the Authority shall be created in frameworks, policies, plans and any violations of the same
Directorate General SPAP guidelines for spatial planning
(Implementation & Regulation). at provincial level • Coordinate between all
Director General will be the departments and private
administrative head of the • Lay down guidelines for entities for any measure
Authority and shall be preparation of plans by pertaining to spatial planning
appointed by Government on different departments and
such terms and conditions as it regions • Requisition the services of
may determine. any person from other
• Provide necessary technical departments, for any specific
Director General shall be assistance to the departments purpose or for general
responsible for the functions, for aligning their strategies and assistance.
and additional regulatory plans according to the spatial
functions may be assigned to strategy • Perform such other functions
the Director General through as the Authority may assign to it
the proposed Punjab Spatial • Monitor the execution of
Planning Act of the Provincial plans of the departments and
Assembly. He/She shall inter private entities, and to direct
alia perform following them in case of non-compliance
functions, and assume all the or for improving their efficiency
responsibilities and powers:
• Take other measures to
• Implement any or all of the prevent any developments
functions assigned to the contrary to spatial strategy or
Authority plans, or for implementation of
the strategy, policies,
• Exercise such powers and frameworks and plans and
perform such functions as the preparedness and capacity
Authority may assign or building for enforcing it, as it
delegate considered necessary
• Arrange for, and oversee, • Direct any provincial

provision of funds for the department or private entity to
spatial planning, and to take any action pertaining to
maintain the Fund’s bank the implementation of the
account (in a non-lapsable strategy, frameworks, plans,
assignment account) guidelines or of rules thereof,
related to spatial planning
• Provide such other support
to other departments or • Give directions to any
institutions, whether they be provincial department or
public or private, to implement private institute regarding
spatial strategy, policies, plans actions to be taken for
and guidelines fulfillment of the policy
2.3.2
Regional Planning Committees

The said Authority may The said Committees shall PSS. It shall further ensure
designate Regional Planning undertake planning and alignment of private sector
Committees (at Division level) supervise enforcement of developments with the PSS and
under the chairmanship of the spatial strategy, framework, report the same to Authority for
relevant Commissioner, with plan and other key policy enforcement actions.
Deputy Commissioners, head of documents at a regional level,
relevant Development to be approved by the said
Authority and key local Authority. It shall also ensure
government representatives as alignment of the public sector
its members. development program with the
2.3.3
Spatial Planning and Development Fund

There shall be a Fund known as • Income from toll, fee, The Funds shall be kept in one
the Spatial Planning and charges, rentals and fines or more accounts maintained
Development Fund to be collected by the Authority and by the Authority, in local or
administered and controlled by from the lease or sale of foreign currency, in a scheduled
the Authority. The Authority property; bank in Pakistan and shall be
shall meet all its expenses from operated in accordance with
this Fund and carry out • Funds raised by issuance of the directions of the Authority.
activities to achieve objectives bonds or securities with the
of Punjab Spatial Planning Act. approval of the Provincial
Government; and
The Fund shall consist of:
• Any other sums received by
• Funds provided by the the Authority.
Provincial Government;
The Provincial Government
• Loans or grants by the shall, in its annual budget,
Provincial or Federal make provision for funds for the
Government; purpose of carrying out key
activities, schemes and
• Loans or funds obtained by programs set out in spatial
the Authority; strategy, plans, framework and
policies.
• Grants and loans negotiated
and raised, or otherwise
obtained, by the Authority;
03
IMPLEMENTATION
FRAMEWORK FOR
DEVELOPMENT PLANNING
3.1
Overview
The Punjab Spatial Strategy (PSS) will be a long-term spatial
planning and development framework for the province of Punjab.
It is designed to ensure integrated spatial planning that aims to
structurally transform Punjab into an economically developed
region.
The PSS sets out an ambitious • Government Departments • An Approval Mechanism to
agenda for shaping the provide a systematic approach
contours of development in • Development Authorities for endorsing the PSS at the
Punjab - over the next three and Agencies involved with provincial level.
decades – to be based on physical or social infrastructure
integrated and coordinated provision, such as the Lahore • An Implementation
spatial planning across Development Authority (LDA) Framework to provide a
multiple sectors of the and Traffic Engineering and step-by-step guiding roadmap
economy. Structures and Planning Agency (TEPA). to align the existing functions of
mechanisms will be put in place the Government of Punjab
to ensure that the PSS • Local Governments such as through a proposed spatial
influences the spatial aspects of Metropolitan and Municipal data-oriented setting for
public sector planning, policies Corporations, Municipal development planning.
and programs, including Committees and other entities
decisions on prioritizing future performing infrastructure- • A Monitoring and
investment. Implementation of related municipal functions. Evaluation Framework to
the PSS requires a concrete ensure tracking of progress via
framework that will need to be • Private sector stakeholders periodic reporting and
integrated within the existing associated with the provision of monitoring actions.
provincial development and development-related
planning procedures of the interventions. • A Review Mechanism to
Government of Punjab. ensure incorporation of
The implementation process necessary amendments in the
The PSS will be implemented will have the following key PSS to achieve long-term goals
by the Planning and components: in Punjab.
Development (P&D) Board with
support of
The institutional design An Implementation Home:

proposed for implementation Administrative Departments
of the PSS entails the following: will form the Implementation
Home, responsible for
An Institutional Home: The providing guidance and
P&D Board will act as the support to individual Local
Institutional Home for the PSS. Governments and all
A unified supporting entity administrative and attached
within the P&D Board will be Departments and Authorities
needed to integrate the covering all aspects of projects
activities of various and plans in accordance with
stakeholders. For this purpose, the PSS requirements.
a Strategic Support Unit (SSU)
will be created as an SNE and An Operational Home: Line
placed under the P&D Board. It Departments, Development
will be headed by a Head of Authorities and Local
SSU, who will also be a member Government bodies will form
of the Provincial Development the Operational Home
Working Party (PDWP), along responsible for preparing,
with ancillary/support staff. The implementing and managing
Institutional Home will be the process at the Local
responsible for: Government and field level.
1. Ensuring safe custody and A Technical Home: The Urban

management of legal Unit will be the Technical Home
requirements for notification, responsible for providing
maintenance, dissemination, technical assistance to the
distribution, implementation Institutional, Implementation
and revision of the PSS. and Operational Homes.
2. Ensuring that PC-Is Spatial Strategy Nodes: Few

submitted by the departments key departments already have
are aligned with the PSS, and technical or planning wings.
accordingly guiding PDWP and Support mechanisms in the
departments. form of Spatial Strategy Nodes
can be set up to ensure
3. Undertaking capacity alignment of sector strategies
building of Line Departments and development plans with
and Development Authorities. the PSS.
3.2
Approval
Mechanism
The PSS has been prepared in consultation with Line Departments
and other key stakeholders. It will be validated by a PSS technical
committee of experts as notified by the P&D Board. The final version
has already been shared with the Institutional Home for consent and
approval. The Institutional Home has reviewed the Strategy. The
Program Steering Committee of Punjab Jobs and Competitiveness
Program has also endorsed the PSS. The complete and final
document has now been placed for approval by the Cabinet6.
(Figure 3.2.1).
1 2 3 4 5
Appraisal Final Approval

By Concerned Members of By Cabinet
Planning & Development
Board
Validation Endorsement Approved

By Technical By Program
Committee of Steering
Experts Committee
(National/International) (National/International)
Figure 3.2.1: Approval Mechanism
6
As per the Rules of Business 2011 [Part E -24 (e) & (f)], all the cases involving major economic and administrative policies and/or
the cases, which the Minister considers important, have to be brought before the Cabinet for its ultimate approval.
3.3
Implementation
Framework
In Punjab development planning depends upon multiple factors
varying across the province. Generally, departments are responsible
for developing schemes. Some schemes have local stakeholder input,
while others are promoted by public representatives or conceived
by donor agencies.
To implement a successful Punjab, 80% of the total value ADPs, approval and monitoring
scheme, the Provincial of all infrastructure and of development projects and
Government needs to industrial sector PC-Is need to programs per PC-Is, acquiring
determine priorities for be consistent with the PSS. concept clearance approvals
development in relevant areas. Infrastructure PC-Is cover the and funding of consultancies
Planners require robust tools to PC-Is/Umbrella PC-Is for and developing feasibility
assist them in determining projects or programs with a studies as per PC-Is, monitoring
needs and prioritizing, value of PKR 400 million or and evaluation of projects and
particularly related to achieving above, bundled in Annual issuing PC-IVs. P&D Board is
development goals. The PSS Development Programs (ADPs) also the secretariat for the
provides a long-term strategy under infrastructure and urban PDWP and a clearinghouse for
for Punjab to help Departments development, water supply or development schemes under
and Agencies formulate and sanitation, industries, the jurisdiction of the Central
prioritize schemes and plans, commerce and investment. Development Working Party
accordingly. (CDWP) and the Executive
The P&D Board plays an integral Committee of the National
To ensure appropriate role in issuing ADP Formulation Economic Council (ECNEC).
prioritization and coordination Guidelines for Line
of public investments in Departments, formulation of
The most critical stage in the Medium Term Development Department, Agriculture
project life cycle7 is Framework (MTDF) need to be Department, Environment
identification of projects closely aligned with the PSS, Protection Department, Youth
(Figure 3.3.1). The Line and the national and provincial Affairs, Sports, Archeology and
Departments play an essential policy frameworks along with Tourism Department and Local
role in ‘accurately’ identifying the overall development Government and Community
projects that are aligned with portfolio. Development Department,
the development portfolio of Development Authorities along
the Government. In view of Involvement of key with agencies involved in
existing planning and approval stakeholders is essential in physical or social infrastructure
procedures, key interventions guiding implementation provision (such as LDA and
will be required for efforts. These stakeholders TEPA), Local Government
implementation of the PSS. include Government bodies such as Metropolitan
Departments such as the Corporations, Municipal
Integration of the PSS in the Industries, Commerce and Corporations and Committees,
planning, development and Investment Department, and private sector actors
approval processes of various Housing, Urban Development involved in provision of
projects is crucial. All projects and Public Health Engineering infrastructure.
forming part of the ADP and the Department, Transport
Project Planning (PC-I Preparation)
II
PC
I
PC
III
PC
IV
PC
V
PC
Concept Approval by Project Project Annual Impact

Clearance PDWP Progress Terminal Evaluation
Reporting Evaluation (Till 5 years)
Origination Project Approval Project Execution Project Closure Implementation

Project Initiation (PDWP) Design/Erection/
Installation/
Construction
Figure 3.3.1: Life Cycle of Development Projects
7
PC – I: Detailed project document
PC – II: For preparation of pre-feasibility and feasibility surveys
PC – III: For submission of monthly/annual monitoring/progress report of project
PC – IV: For submission of completion report of project
PC – V: For submission of evaluation/implementation report on annual basis for five years
3.3.1
Institutional Arrangement
To implement the project decision-making processes. e v i d e n c e - b a s e d
efficiently and in line with the This arrangement will ideally be decision-making process
PSS, interventions will be provided for two years and may among necessary stakeholders.
required at every stage. be extended depending upon
Integrating the activities of the need. • Monitoring progress of
various organizations will projects and programs through
require a focal agency. The P&D The key responsibilities of the the SDSS to provide a visual and
Board (supported by the SSU) Technical Home will include, clear representation of the
will be the Institutional Home but not limited, to the strategic objective and the
responsible for ensuring safe following: extent of its alignment with PSS
custody and management of policies and targets.
legal requirements for • Assisting the SSU in ensuring
notification, maintenance, that strategic objectives and the • Supporting responsive and
dissemination, distribution, policy approach of the PSS is effective monitoring of the PSS
implementation and revision of integrated well into the plans at the SSU by DG Monitoring
the PSS. and projects of various public and Evaluation (M&E) team by
bodies and in facilitating the tracking progress through an
The Urban Unit will be the Line Departments in achieving independent survey of schemes
Technical Home, providing the targets set by the PSS. to check if the objectives set
technical assistance to the therein are being achieved.
Institutional, Implementation • Strengthening the SSU under
and Operational Homes. It may the P&D Board and supporting • Conducting periodic
house experts in relevant fields key departments by providing broad-based consultations
and will work in harmony with human resources either from (through the SSU) with all
all sectors of the Institutional the Technical Home in Spatial Administrative Departments,
Home. It will also be Strategy Nodes or/otherwise Agencies, Authorities, Local
responsible for advising the building the capacity of the Government bodies and other
Institutional Home, building existing technical stakeholders to get feedback on
their capacity and providing wings/committees/units to plan the PSS strategic objectives and
tangible support for successful and assess ADP schemes and policy statements/action plans.
implementation of the PSS. ensure schemes and related On the same pattern, Spatial
PC-Is are spatially aligned. Strategy Nodes will also be
The Technical Home will created in the key departments.
provide guidance to PDWP and • Assisting the SSU at the
Departments in areas where Institutional Home to ensure At the Institutional Home, the
they lack capacity till these are that ADP is in line with the foremost requirement for
able to independently carry out requirements of PSS. kickstarting the
the required functions. This implementation process of the
capacity will be rapidly • Assisting the SSU at the PSS is establishing the SSU. The
supplemented by the creation Institutional Home to ensure competent human resource will
of the SSU under the P&D that Project proposals are in be employed at the SSU for
Board. line with the requirements of effective and sustainable
PSS and environmental implementation of the PSS.
The PDWP comprises sector laws/regulations. Role of the technical wings,
specialists, which may require especially environment, of the
further expertise in spatial • Providing guidance in areas P&D Board in the planning and
planning. Input from the where the SSU, PDWP, and approval process of
Technical Home and SSU can be Departments lack capacity till development projects and
beneficial in this regard. Thus, it they are able to independently programs will be significant.
is imperative that capacity carry out these functions.
building is undertaken by
specialists and that support of • Supporting updates of the
experts in spatial planning is Spatial Decision Support
made available to guarantee a System (SDSS) or tools to
spatial perspective, in line with facilitate dissemination of
policy statements, during the relevant data and ensure an
P&D Board
Head of SSU CEO

Urban Unit
Strategic Urban Sector

Support Unit Planning &
(SSU) Management
Services Unit
(Pvt.)Ltd
Figure 3.3.2: Proposed Institutional Arrangement for Spatial Planning and Development under PSS
3.3.2
Implementation Phases
The alignment of development plan future development as per Phase I – First two years of the
schemes with the PSS will the guidelines provided by the implementation process
require the following to be implementation team. This phase will include the
undertaken. development and approval of
• Completing the process of schemes, projects and
• Integration of the policy mobilizing local interests and programs under PC-I at the
approach of the PSS into the integrating the PSS approach PDWP level i.e. all projects up to
plans and programs of various into various plans and PKR 400 Million and above
departments, with clear targets programs. including all foreign assisted
and responsibilities. projects.
• Underpinning the
• Ensuring that identification implementation process by Phase II – Implementation
of schemes above PKR 400 reliable systems of monitoring, process after project closure
million during the ADP communication and support. This phase will include
formulation process is aligned development and approval of
to the PSS. • Preparing regional strategies schemes, projects and
and planning guidelines, crucial programs under PC-I at PDWP
• Undertake capacity building for ensuring implementation of levels i.e. projects up to PKR 400
of Departments, Development the PSS. Million and above, including all
Authorities and Local foreign assisted projects.
Governments, where required The alignment of development Projects, schemes, and
schemes with PSS will be programs by Development
• Communication and carried out till PDWP level for FY Authorities and Local
dissemination of information 20 and 21 to meet DLI-4 of Governments of PKR 400 Million
regarding the PSS so that all Punjab Jobs and and above will also be aligned
stakeholders are aware of its Competitiveness Program by to the PSS.
use and benefit and are able to World Bank.
PSS will be integrated in development planning

processes as given in figure 3.3.3
Development of
PC-Is with technical
Updating and Circulation assistance of the SSU,
of ADP Formulation Scrutiny of Draft ADPs Spatial Strategy
Guidelines with PSS by Member of Relevant Nodes, or Technical
Checklists, Maps & Tools Sector and SSU Home
1 2 3 4 5 6
Notification of Appraisal & Technical

Departmental ADP Approval of ADPs Evaluation of
Formulation Team by Chairman P&D/ PC-Is by the
With support from SSU Cabinet/Provincia relevant sector,
& Technical Home l Assembly. technical &
80% Approved economic wing,
PSS-aligned ADP SSU & also
Schemes Environment Wing
of P&D Board
ECNEC CDWP PDWP Pre-PDWP
Monitoring and Evaluation by DG M&E

Figure 3.3.3: Broader Steps for Integration of PSS into Existing Processes
Arrangement Role
ECNEC All projects referred by Provincial Government exceeding PKR 10,000 Million
Executive Committee of or having Federal Government or external financing (irrespective of cost)
National Economic Council
CDWP Approving provincial projects up to PKR 3,000 Million, where federal or

Central Development foreign component is involved. Clearing house for ECNEC
Working Party
PDWP Projects ranging from PKR 400 Million to PKR 10,000 million (with provincial
Provincial Development funding and external financing for up to 25% of the project). Consultancies
Working Party and concept clearances irrespective of the cost
DDSC Projects ranging from PKR 200 Million up to PKR 400 Million
Departmental Development
Sub-Committee
DDWP
Divisional Development Working Projects up to PKR 200 Million
Party
DDC
District Development Committee Projects up to PKR 50 Million
Resource Planning aligned and fulfil compliance to

environmental laws and
the project is conceived
spatially will be with the
Process regulations. In subsequent Administrative Secretary.
During the first six to eight years, the PSS Checklist will
months of the financial year, become an integral part of ADP • Initially the Line
two main exercises are guidelines. Departments, Authorities/
conducted by the P&D Board in Companies/ Local Governments
collaboration with the Finance • The Departments and will only be provided with basic
Department: Agencies will notify an ‘Internal guidelines to help them during
Team’ to lead the process of the ADP planning process. The
• Estimation of the expected ADP formulation. The ADP rest of the responsibility for
resource availability for Formulation Team will get ensuring that schemes are
development expenditure support from the SSU and the consistent with the PSS will lie
during the next financial year Technical Home of the PSS. This with the departments. These
based on trends of the past few team will be responsible for Authorities/ Companies/ Local
years, economic requirement analysing projects through the Governments will send their
and expected external capital PSS lens and for carrying out annual development plans to
assistance. evidence-based project/ their Administrative
program planning. The team Departments for ensuring their
• Determination of will also assist the department alignment with PSS. This
inter-sectoral priorities as per in developing a logical applies to projects by
government policies regarding framework, taking a three-year Development Authorities and
concerned sectors and the medium term approach and Local Government in phase II.
MTDF - completion of ongoing confirming its alignment to the This will guide policymakers to
schemes and initiation of new PSS and the Punjab Growth rectify and address any
programs. This will determine Strategy, Sustainable discrepancy with the PSS.
resource allocation across Development Goals and other
sectors. related programs. • In accordance with the PSS
Checklist of the ADP
Following this, a tentative size • Some of the Departments Formulation Guidelines and
of the ADP indicating and Agencies have technical technical assistance from the
sector-wise allocation for the wings or committees that could Technical Home, the Line
next financial year is be strengthened by adding Departments, Authorities,
communicated to concerned technical team member(s) from Companies, and Local
departments. the SSU and the Technical Governments will review the
Home, for planning and ADP schemes and forward them
assessing ADP schemes to to the Administrative Secretary
ADP Formulation confirm such schemes are for further action. To effectively
Process spatially aligned. implement the PSS, this step
may require a capacity building
To effectively integrate the PSS
into the development process, • The Administrative Head of program for officials of relevant
interventions are required at the relevant department and Line Departments.
the stage of formulating the agency will further investigate
ADP, which is a key policy the schemes - before sending • Based on this exercise, the
instrument to implement the them to the P&D - through the department will initially
development vision of the Smart Monitoring of develop and upload a strategy
Government. The following Development Projects (SMDP) paper followed by a draft
steps will be taken to formalize portal. The Administrative Head concept paper of all spatially
ADP schemes: may also consider, in aligned ADP schemes. In
exceptional cases, priority addition, departments will also
• During the first year, the P&D schemes not aligned to the PSS consider the PSS while
Board will update and circulate requirements. However, the developing their respective
ADP Formulation Guideline maximum limit for such sectoral plans and identify and
along with PSS maps, schemes has been set at 20% of undertake development of
assessment checklists and tools the total development portfolio skills to improve institutional,
to help Line Departments select of each department. The final governance, and capacity
projects that are spatially responsibility for ensuring that building endeavors.
• Members of the relevant approves the ADP, the P&D submitted to the P&D Board for
sectors including environment Board will ask all concerned placement before the PDWP.
and Head of SSU will conduct a entities to develop PC-Is of new During the PDWP meetings,
preliminary review of the draft projects, with technical chaired by Chairman P&D
ADP and call departmental assistance from their Spatial Board, Head of SSU will present
meetings to discuss, identify Strategy Nodes, SSU or the an overview of the alignment of
and prioritize an appropriate Technical Home. PC-I with the PSS. The ultimate
and new ADP. The Head of SSU decision will be taken by PDWP
will confirm the proposed In case of projects above or to either approve the project
project or program’s alignment equal to PKR 400 million, the with no significant changes or
with the PSS and relevant wing aligned PC-Is will be received in with changes to the scope or
in P&D Board will ensure Coordination Wing of P&D cost of the project, or
compliance with environmental Board, for appraisal and postpone/permanently defer
laws and regulations. The Head approval. Since it will be the scheme. In the latter case,
will also provide comments, ensured at the time of ADP the departments will re-submit
where required, for revision of formulation that the the revised PC-I.
the draft ADP. This process can schemes/projects are aligned to
be repeated at this stage. the PSS, it will be expected that Approvals of Projects above
PC-I for these schemes/projects PKR 400 Million have to be
• In case the Head of SSU will automatically be aligned to acquired from
differs with any scheme in the the PSS. However, in the PDWP/CDWP/ECNEC. The
ADP i.e. it does not correspond approval process of the Administrative Departments
to the guidelines of the PSS, the projects, Head of SSU as part of will send the projects to the
scheme will not be included in the P&D Board will be fully P&D Board for placement
the ADP. This decision will be involved and will identify any before the PDWP, empowered
subject to the final approval of deviation from the PSS. to sanction projects ranging
the Chairman P&D Board. The from PKR 400 Million to PKR
scheme may be counted in the The Coordination Wing, after 10,000 Million in case of
20% quota of schemes that can receiving the projects from the provincial funding. The PDWP
be outside the purview of the Departments, will circulate the will also act as a clearinghouse
PSS. At this stage, the P&D PC-Is to the relevant sectors and for development projects that
Board may initiate briefing Head of SSU. The SSU will carry are to be forwarded to CDWP or
sessions/consultations on the out the technical review and ECNEC.
proposed ADP with the relevant provide comments on its
forum. alignment with the PSS. For approving projects
exceeding PKR 10,000 Million or
• For finalizing the draft ADP & After receiving all the having Federal
removal of any discrepancies, comments, the relevant sector Government/external financing
the Chairman P&D will hold will develop the working paper (irrespective of the cost), the
inter-departmental meetings and member of that sector will PDWP will clear projects aligned
with all the Line Departments hold a pre-PDWP meeting with to the PSS and send them
(headed by the concerned the departmental team for a onwards to CDWP or ECNEC for
Secretaries). These meetings detailed discussion on the further approvals.
will be attended by the development project. Here
concerned member, Head of engagement of Head of SSU will In phase II, the projects of
SSU and other relevant be essential. The process may Development Authorities,
stakeholders. Following this be repeated if significant Companies and Local
meeting, the ADP will be changes and thinking is Governments will be
finalized and presented to the required. A satisfactory synchronized with the PSS by
Cabinet. response will lead to the ensuring representation from
development of a working the Institutional Home
• After the endorsement of the paper for PDWP. Otherwise the especially the SSU. During
Cabinet with or without pre-PDWP will be held again Phase-1, only necessary
amendments, the final ADP will after addressing all guidelines and advice will be
be placed at the Provincial observations. issued to the Development
Assembly for approval. Authorities, Companies and
After discussion in the Local Governments for ensuring
PC-I Approval pre-PDWP session and alignment.
Process incorporation of the suggested
Once the Provincial Assembly amendments, PC-I will be
3.4
Monitoring
and Evaluation
Framework
The PSS sets out key policies and action plans for spatial
development and planning in Punjab that require periodical reviews
and targeted monitoring on a regular basis.
Thus, it is important to have a
sound monitoring system, to
ensure tracking of progress
through reporting and
monitoring actions. This will
enable assessment of ongoing
progress, and evaluation of
outcomes from the interventions
made under the PSS.
Directorate General
Monitoring and Evaluation
(DG) 02 04
Nomination of a Development of
(M&E) is an attached entity of representative comprehensive
the P&D Board that assesses by Technical monitoring
the performance of a program
or project, analyzes 01 Home that
would be a
03 report on
PC-IVs
organizational performance Updating of Review of the
member of
and examines features and Monitoring and projects
M&E team
processes in the environment Evaluation and provide
of an organization or scheme. It Guidelines with comments
covers aspects of finance, the PSS in PC-IV
quantity and quality of inputs, monitoring
and implementation timelines component
and carries out regular
assessment of output/ Figure 3.4.1: Monitoring Mechanism
outcomes and changes brought
about by these schemes.
To avoid duplication of effort necessary comments in PC-IV. view on the level of alignment
and to effectively use overall The SSU and the Institutional to the PSS. The Administrative
resources of the Institutional Home’s representative for M&E Department will be encouraged
Home, monitoring of the will also prepare a to set up its own monitoring
implementation of the PSS will comprehensive report after mechanism in line with the
be dovetailed to the existing each cycle (development year) provincial set up.
M&E system of the P&D Board. based on the comments in all
Thus, in future the core PC-IVs. The review will cover For effective performance of the
responsibility for monitoring aspects of project’s alignment PSS, its monitoring and key
the PSS would lie with DG M&E, to the PSS and identify gaps and development indicators will be
during entire life of the project any spatial imbalances. The examined and continuing
from implementation to report will also describe validity of all assumptions,
completion. Representative(s) common mistakes and forecasts and objectives
nominated by the SSU or the shortcomings found in most checked. Moreover, in order to
Technical Home, will initially be projects. This report will help visualize the extent of
a part of the DG M&E to support the departments take timely conformity between planning
a responsive and effective corrective action to avoid such and physical structure –
monitoring of the PSS and also drawbacks in the future. This identifying which projects
ensure capacity building. report will be circulated by the contributed to which strategic
Representative(s) will play a Institutional Home to all objective and the extent of its
significant role in both stages, departments. alignment with PSS objectives –
i.e. monitoring during an IT-based monitoring
implementation and evaluation To further strengthen the dashboard will be developed
after the completion of the monitoring process, the SSU and updated periodically. This
schemes. with support of the Technical will contribute towards
Home, will conduct an performance measurements of
M&E guidelines will be updated independent survey by projects and aid in visual
to include a monitoring deploying monitoring teams in representation.
component for the PSS. As per Punjab. The overarching
the amended guidelines, the principal will be to assess if the
representative will assess PSS targets are being met. The
whether the project after teams will carry out the sample
completion was in variance with survey and submit independent
the PSS targets set therein or reports to the Institutional,
otherwise. The Operational and
representative(s) will further Implementation Homes, at
assess whether the project least once every quarter. This
remains aligned with the PSS will confirm if the projects need
policies, spatial locations and any mid-term corrections. It will
sustainability principles. Based be a secondary check by the
on the review, the SSU and the Technical Home
representatives will record and will give an independent
3.5
Review
Mechanism
The Institutional Home will be responsible for reviewing the action
plans on yearly basis and policies at least once every 5 years.
These reviews are important for ensuring dynamism, flexibility and
mid-term course correction in the Strategy, besides removing
difficulties if any, in implementation.
The Technical Home may Recommend

initially facilitate the changes in the
Institutional Home during its SOPs or
Data & Information
tenure to review plans and improvement in
from Spatial Team PSS Checklist
polices. Afterwards, the
Institutional Home will manage Challenges faced by the
the review process with support Govt. Departments
from SSU. The strategic
framework will be developed by Quarterly Reports Head of SSU
the Institutional Home and based on PC-IV
aspirations for respective findings
sectors will be provided by the
Implementation and Challenges faced by
Operational Homes. P&D/Technical Home
Approval by
Chairman P&D
Figure 3.5.1: Review Mechanism – Operational Level Annual

Proposed
Amendments
Recommendations by
the Institutional,
Implementation,
Operational and
Technical Homes
for PSS
Recommendations by Head of SSU

other stakeholders
(Academia, NPOs,
Donors, and etc.)
Review and
Recommendations by Appraisal by
Panel of Experts P&D Board
Final Approval
by Cabinet
Figure 3.5.2: Review Mechanism – Policy Level once in Five Years
The review mechanism will be and to recommend actions to The Cabinet will finally approve
based on reports of PC-IVs from address any revisions, gaps, the revised PSS. This whole
DG M&E and monitoring data. challenges or modifications in exercise will help to revise
The departments will upload all relation to Standard Operating policies and actions under the
data and information in the Protocols and processes. PSS in an efficient manner.
SDSS on a regular basis and
confirm alignment with the However, review of policies
PSS. should be done at least once
every five years in order to
The Technical Home, along with streamline strategic objectives,
the SSU and Institutional Home policy statements, targets and
will also conduct broad-based key actions within the
consultations with all development and planning
Administrative Departments, process. Head of SSU will play a
Agencies, Authorities, Local crucial role in the review
Governments and other process and will present
stakeholders on a yearly basis. proposed recommendations to
This will help the Technical and the Chairman P&D Board.
Institutional Home to get
feedback from departments
Copyrights @THE URBAN UNIT All Rights Reserved. No part of this magazine may be reprinted or reused without permission.
Published & Printed by The Urban Unit, Planning & Development Department, Government of the Punjab
Design & Layout by Razia Liaqat; Usman Zia
ISBN: 978-969-9508-37-0
Planning & Development Board

Government of Punjab
Civil Secretariat, Lahore
Ph: 92-42-99210480
E-mail: info@pndpunjab.gov.pk
www.pndpunjab.gov.pk
The Urban Unit

503 - Shaheen Complex,
Edgerton Road, Lahore - Pakistan
Ph: 042-99205316-22
Fax: 042-99205323
E-mail: uspmu@punjab.gov.pk
www.urbanunit.gov.pk
/TheUrbanUnit @urbanunittwitte /urban_unit
* Punjab Spatial Strategy has been developed under World banks Program of Punjab Jobs & Competitiveness.

PSS Core Strategy

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Punjab Spatial

BAT Best Available Techniques

C&W Communication and Works

DDC District Development Committee

ECNEC Executive Committee of the National Economic Council

FDI Foreign Direct Investment

GDP Gross Domestic Product

ICT Information and Communication Tools

LDA Lahore Development Authority

MAF Million Acre Feet

NDC Nationally Determined Contribution

P&D Planning and Development

R&D Research and Development

SDGs Sustainable Development Goals

TEPA Traffic Engineering and Transport Planning Agency

WHO World Health Organization

The PSS advocates spatial implementation, monitoring

Sardar Usman Buzdar

Habib ur Rehman Gilani

Dr. Salman Shah

‘Upper-Middle Emerging global tourist destination Improving mobility through efficient

Ever since Pakistan’s creation in sustainable development. It is provides decision-makers a

Figure 1.1.1: Means of Transformation

SOCIAL DEVELOPEMENT ENVIRONMENT

Figure 1.1.2: Areas of Transformation

PS 1.2: Enable diversification

PS 1.3: Develop human capital

PS 1.4: Preserve & promote the

The image of Punjab in the economic development. education. There is lack of

Leverage Policy Background

Opportunities Punjab, witnessed an unprecedented decline of

Investment 0.32% to 0.24%. However, the province has the

Industries Sector Plan 2018 Target 17.11

Punjab industrial Survey of 4.1% > 10% >15% ~15%

Punjab’s firms in Census for 6% 15% 25% 40%

Foreign Direct No data is 5% of the 10% of the 15% of the

Pakistan’s share International Food 0.12% Food 1% Food 2% Food 5%

Key Actions Expected Outcome

Develop and implement

Offer and upgrade both hard and soft

Deploy certification and reward

Undertake and pioneer the ‘Made in

Growth and Investment

KPK Taxila AJK

Sargodha Gujranwala Gujranwala

Dera Ghazi Khan Multan

Map 1.1.1: Growth and Investment Areas for Industries

Enable Policy Background

through exports in high-technology sectors. However

National Science, Technology Target 8.2

Share of Census for 32% 45% 50% 60%

Share of hi-tech CMI 2016 Less than 1% 2% 5% 15%

Number of CMI 2016 Textiles: 8 Double from Retain Attain

Key Actions Expected Outcome

Develop centers of excellence to

Support establishment of effluent

Support economic agglomeration

Develop Policy Background

Capital to and has remained unable to attract regional

Population with Pakistan 5.6% 10% 15% 30%

Population with PSLM 2015 0.5% 5% 8% 10%

Key Actions Expected Outcome

Prioritize public sector investments Key Stakeholders

Support youth to integrate them into