Simple Structure:

A simple organizational structure is the default operating system

used by most small businesses, because it centralizes decision-making with the
owner. Unlike other organizational structures, the simple, or flat, structure doesn’t have
formal departments and layers of management. This method of running a company
has advantages and disadvantages, and understanding them will help you operate
under this system more effectively, so that you can prepare for a transition to a more
formal structure.

Example:
It is simply a small business managed by the owner so it may include
a Utility/Grocery store and a farm

Functional Structure:
A functional organizational structure is a structure used to organize
workers. They are grouped based on their specific skills and knowledge. It vertically
structures each department with roles from president to finance and sales
departments, to customer service, to employees assigned to one product or service.
Functional organizations contain specialized units that report to a single authority,
usually called top management.

Each functional unit handles one aspect of the product or service provided such as:
Information technology, Marketing, Development, Research, etc.

Example:
It can include Bata a shoes company and Levi’s. Both of these are
working according to the functional structure.

Divisional Structure:
Divisional structures group various organizational functions into
product or regional divisions.

Example:
ABC International, Samsung as the electronics department of
Samsung is completely responsible for its own actions. The smartphones department
is responsible for its own actions. Moreover, a firm’s city division might be completely
independent of its other city’s division.
Team based Structure:

The team structure is a newer, less hierarchical organizational

structure in which individuals are grouped into teams.

Example:

NIIT’s e-learning division, managers realized that their functional

structure was slowing their delivery time to customers. As a result, they restructured
the division into teams representing specific market segments, such as corporate,
higher education, high-tech and so on depending on special learning needs of each
segment. In doing so, NIIT witnessed significant reduction in content development as
well as delivery time, in addition to an increase in customer satisfaction. And at HPCL
the management team has launched an organization wide change effort focusing on
empowerment and team working in order to improve customer satisfaction and
employees involvement.

Matrix structure:

The matrix structure is a type of organizational structure in which

individuals are grouped via two operational frames.

Example:

If you are a software engineer at a firm and that firm receives a

project that requires a software engineer, so they hire you instead of a new candidate.
Existing employees are also more trustworthy. Moreover, when the project is
complete, no need of laying off; everyone will go back to their primary jobs without
causing any disturbance.

Project Structure:

A project organization is a structure that facilitates the coordination

and implementation of project activities. Its main reason is to create an environment
that fosters interactions among the team members with a minimum amount of
disruptions, overlaps and conflict.

Example:

In a construction housing project together. The team can be made

up of employees from different departments, such as project management,
architecture, design, engineering and construction, but they are all working on the
project together as part of the same company, a group of employees may be working
on a residential team. Ahmed Construction (Pvt.) Ltd. Is its real time example. Auto
mobile companies can also include in it.

…..END….