JOB PROFILE:

CRYPTOGRAPHER/ ABC
CRYPTANALYST DE F
AKA
ENCRYPTION
EXPERT
DEGREE REQUIRED? COMMON JOB DUTIES

Yes Protect important information from interception,

copying, modification and/or deletion
Master’s Degree
Focusing on Mathematics or Evaluate, analyze and target weaknesses in cryptographic
Computer Science is Encouraged security systems and algorithms
Design robust security systems to prevent vulnerabilities
MEDIAN SALARY
Develop statistical and mathematical models to analyze
+$100,000 data and solve security problems

JOB GROWTH Test computational models for reliability and accuracy

Investigate, research and test new cryptology theories and
21% applications

SOFT SKILLS Probe for weaknesses in communication lines (e.g. wireless

Intelligent, Analytical & Creative
Capable of Tackling
Complex Mathematical Problems
Trustworthiness
network, secure telephone, cellphones, email, etc.)
Ensure message transmission data (e.g. wireless network,
secure telephone, cellphones, email, etc.) are not
illegally accessed or altered in transit
Decode cryptic messages and coding systems for
military, political and/or law enforcement agencies

for more info

JOB PROFILE:

CYBER
CRIME CR
IM
E SC
EN
E
INVESTIGATOR CR
IM
ES
CE
N E
CR
IM
E S
DEGREE REQUIRED? COMMON JOB DUTIES

NO Find and navigate the dark web

Certification(s) encouraged Process crime scenes
but not essential
Conduct interviews of victims, witnesses, and/or suspects
Experience can supplement
Examine recovered data for information
MEDIAN SALARY Fuse computer network attack analyses with criminal
and counterintelligence investigations and operations
+$67,000 Determine whether a security incident is indicative of a
JOB GROWTH violation of law that requires specific legal action

10% Identify elements of proof of the crime

Identify, collect, and seize documentary or physical evidence,
SOFT SKILLS to include digital media and logs associated with cyber
intrusion incidents, investigations, and operations
Curiosity & Persistence
Strong Communication Provide criminal investigative support to trial
counsel during the judicial process
Information Use
Prepare reports to document the investigation
Critical Thinking

for more info

JOB PROFILE:

CYBER
DEFENSE
INCIDENT
RESPONDER
DEGREE REQUIRED? COMMON JOB DUTIES

No Actively monitor systems and networks for

intrusions
Bachelor’s Degree in
Cybersecurity or Computer Identify security flaws and vulnerabilities
Science is a plus though Perform security audits, risk analysis, network forensics
MEDIAN SALARY and penetration testing
Perform malware analysis and reverse engineering
+$80,000 Develop a procedural set of responses to security
problems
JOB GROWTH
Establish protocols for communication within an
+20% organization and dealings with law enforcement during
security incidents
SOFT SKILLS Create a program development plan that includes
security gap assessments, policies, procedures, playbooks,
Capable of Handling Stress training and tabletop testing
Flexible
Produce detailed incident reports and technical
Problem-Solving briefs for management, admins and end-users
Analytical
Good Communication Liaison with other cyber threat analysis entities

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JOB PROFILE:

CYBER
FORENSICS
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EXPERT
DEGREE REQUIRED? COMMON JOB DUTIES

Yes Conduct data breach and security incident

investigations
Bachelor’s Degree
in Cybersecurity or Recover and examine data from computers and
electronic storage devices
Computer Science
[Master’s Degree in Computer Forensics helps] Dismantle and rebuild damaged systems to retrieve lost data
MEDIAN SALARY Identify additional systems/networks compromised by
cyber attacks
+$70,000 Compile evidence for legal cases
JOB GROWTH
Draft technical reports, write declarations and prepare
+28% evidence for trial
Give expert counsel to attorneys about electronic
SOFT SKILLS evidence in a case
Curiosity & Insight Advise law enforcement on the credibility of acquired data
Strong Communication Train law enforcement officers on computer
Ability to Write Reports & evidence procedures
Explain Evidence, Potentially Keep abreast of emerging technologies, software
in Front of Lawyers & Judges and methodologies

for more info

JOB PROFILE:

CYBER
LEGAL
ADVISOR
DEGREE REQUIRED? COMMON JOB DUTIES

Yes Advocate for an organization in legal and legislative

proceedings
Juris Doctorate Degree Evaluate contracts
is required
Evaluate regulations, policies and procedures
MEDIAN SALARY
Interpret and apply laws
$92,000 Resolve conflicts in policies and procedures
JOB GROWTH
Maintain a working knowledge of relevant constitutional
28% issues

SOFT SKILLS Evaluate the impact of changes to laws and regulations

Good communicator Help implement changes to laws
Good listener
Approachable Provide legal guidance to management,
personnel, or clients
Interpersonal skills

for more info

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CYBER
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SECURITY
ENGINEER
DEGREE REQUIRED? COMMON JOB DUTIES

Yes Create new ways to solve existing production

security issues
Bachelor’s Degree
in Cybersecurity or Configure and install firewalls and intrusion detection systems
Computer Science Perform vulnerability testing, risk analyses and security
assessments
MEDIAN SALARY
Develop automation scripts to handle and track incidents
+$90,000 Investigate intrusion incidents, conduct forensic
JOB GROWTH investigations and mount incident responses
Collaborate with colleagues on authentication,
+20% authorization and encryption solutions

SOFT SKILLS Evaluate new technologies and processes that enhance

security capabilities
Complex Problem Solving Test security solutions using industry standard analysis criteria
Creativity
Strong Communication Respond to information security issues during each
stage of a project’s lifecycle
Ability to Work in a Team
Capable of Handling Stress Define, implement and maintain corporate security
policies

for more info

JOB PROFILE:
INFORMATION
SYSTEMS ABC
DE F
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SECURITY
MANAGER
DEGREE REQUIRED? COMMON JOB DUTIES

Yes Manage organizational resources (time, money,

personnel, etc.) to support security goals and policies
Bachelor’s Degree
in Cybersecurity or Create and execute strategies to improve the
Computer Science reliability and security of IT projects

MEDIAN SALARY Define, implement and maintain corporate security policies

and procedures
$110,000 Spearhead vulnerability audits, forensic investigations and
mitigation procedures
JOB GROWTH
Respond immediately to security-related incidents and provide
a thorough post-event analysis
+20% Manage a diverse team of security administrators, analysts
SOFT SKILLS and IT professionals
Strong Leadership Advise leadership on organization’s cybersecurity status
Good Communication Institute organization-wide training in security
Efficient Multi-tasker awareness, protocols and procedures
Creative Problem Solver Assess, test and select new security products and
Comfortable Delegating technologies

for more info

JOB PROFILE:

IT PROJECT
MANAGER

DEGREE REQUIRED? COMMON JOB DUTIES

Yes Develop methods to monitor and measure risk,

Bachelor’s Degree
in Systems Management,
Strategic Planning, Engineering &
Technology, or Related Field
MEDIAN SALARY
+$97,000
compliance, and assurance efforts
Provide advice on project costs, design concepts,
or design changes
Review or conduct audits of information technology
(IT) programs and projects
Manage end-to-end customer service

JOB GROWTH Gather feedback on customer satisfaction and

internal service performance to foster continual improvement
12% Develop supply chain, system, network, performance, and
cybersecurity requirements
SOFT SKILLS Identify and address cyber workforce planning and
management issues (e.g. recruitment, retention, and training)
Leadership & Team Building
Lead and oversee budget, staffing, and contracting
Resource Management
Technology Use Draft and publish supply chain security and risk
management documents
Systems Thinking

for more info

JOB PROFILE:

MULTI-DISCIPLINED
LANGUAGE
ANALYST
DEGREE REQUIRED? COMMON JOB DUTIES

Yes Analyze and process information using language and

Bachelor’s Degree
in target language is encouraged
if applicant is not a native speaker
MEDIAN SALARY
cultural expertise
Compile and interpret data for intelligence
Assess a target’s motivation and frame of reference for
intelligence context

$55,000 Analyze metadata to look for patterns, anomalies, or events

JOB GROWTH Identify cyber threat tactics

42% Identify foreign languages and dialects in inital source data

SOFT SKILLS Help optimize the development of language processing tools

Good Communicator
Detail-oriented
Analytical
Identify contexts & subtleties
in written & verbal communications
Analyze social network activities
Translate voice and graphic data
Identify cyber or technology-related terminology
used in target languages

for more info

JOB PROFILE:

SOFTWARE
DEVELOPER

DEGREE REQUIRED? COMMON JOB DUTIES

Yes Develops, creates, maintains, and write/code

computer applications, software, or utility programs
Associate’s Degree
(A Bachelor’s or Master’s in Design, implement, and test software
Computer Science is Encouraged)
Assist in the development of a company-wide software security
strategy
MEDIAN SALARY
Facilitate meetings and workshops to define client processes
$70,000 and needs

JOB GROWTH Create new software systems or forensic tools

Participate in the life-cycle development of software systems
24% using different methodologies

SOFT SKILLS Design and build proof-of-concept prototype solutions

Good Communicator
Able to Work on a Team
Analytical
Meet Deadlines
Institute programming techniques that are free from logical
design and technical implementation flaws
Gain a thorough knowledge of attack vectors that
may be used to exploit software
Support software deployments to customers

for more info

JOB PROFILE:

TECHNICAL
SUPPORT
SPECIALIST
DEGREE REQUIRED? COMMON JOB DUTIES

NO Install and maintain network infrastructures,

device operating systems
Certification(s) encouraged
but not essential Troubleshoot system hardware and software issues
Experience can supplement Analyze incident data for emerging trends
Develop and deliver technical training to users and other
MEDIAN SALARY customers
$50,000 Diagnose and resolve customer-reported system incidents,
problems, and security events
JOB GROWTH
Make recommendations based on trend analysis for changes
11% to software and hardware to enhance user experience
Install and configure hardware, software, and other
SOFT SKILLS equipment for system users that adheres to security standards
Complex Problem Solving Administer accounts, network rights, and access to
Systems Thinking systems and equipment
Attention to Detail Perform asset management/inventory of
information technology (IT) resources
Resource Management

for more info

JOB PROFILE: 01110110 01110101
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VULNERABILITY
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ASSESSMENT
ANALYST
AKA
VULNERABILITY ASSESSOR

DEGREE REQUIRED? COMMON JOB DUTIES

No Identify critical flaws in applications and systems

that cyber attackers could exploit
Real-world experience is much
more valued than a degree, Conduct vulnerability assessments for networks, applications
though a degree won’t hurt and operating systems

MEDIAN SALARY Conduct network security audits and scanning on a

predetermined basis
$75,000 Use automated tools (e.g. Nessus) to pinpoint vulnerabilities
and reduce time-consuming tasks
JOB GROWTH
Use manual testing techniques and methods to gain a better
understanding of the environment and reduce false negatives
+20% Develop, test and modify custom scripts and applications
SOFT SKILLS for vulnerability testing
Alternative Problem Solving Compile and track vulnerabilities over time for metrics purposes
Curious & Creative Write and present a comprehensive Vulnerability
Attention to Detail Assessment and maintain a database
Strong Communication Supply hands-on training for network and systems
Interest in Hacking administrators

for more info

JOB PROFILE:

CYBER
5

OPERATOR 8

DEGREE REQUIRED? COMMON JOB DUTIES

Yes
Bachelor’s in Computer
Analyze network architecture, tools and
procedures for ways to improve performance
Science/Engineering Identify potential points of strength and vulnerability
Certification(s) recommended within a network
Collect and process information on wireless networks and
MEDIAN SALARY connected devices
+$100,000 Deploy, test, and utilize network tools
Monitor and track diagnostic information on network
JOB GROWTH health

20% Operate and maintain automated systems for gaining

access to networks
SOFT SKILLS Collaborate with development organizations to create
and deploy the tools needed to achieve objectives
Critical Thinking
Conduct exploitation testing of devices and
Excellent Communication networks
(written and verbal)
Analytical

for more info

JOB PROFILE:

SYSTEM
TESTING & EVALUATION
SPECIALIST
DEGREE REQUIRED? COMMON JOB DUTIES

No Develop test plans to address specifications

and requirements
Certification(s) recommended;
experience can supplement Analyze the results of software, hardware, or
interoperability testing

MEDIAN SALARY Test, evaluate, and verify hardware and/or software

to determine compliance with defined specifications
+$47,000 and requirements
Install and maintain network infrastructure device
JOB GROWTH operating system software (e.g., IOS, firmware)

+20% Make recommendations based on test results

SOFT SKILLS Perform developmental testing on systems under

development
Planning & organization Record and manage test data
Problem-solving
Validate specifications and requirements for
Analytical testability
Systems thinking

for more info

JOB PROFILE:

SYSTEMS
ADMINISTRATOR

DEGREE REQUIRED? COMMON JOB DUTIES

No Manage accounts, network rights, and access to

systems and equipment
However, Bachelor of Science in
IT/Network Administration Maintain baseline system security according to
recommended organizational policies

MEDIAN SALARY Provide ongoing optimization and problem-solving

support
+$62,000 Install, update, and troubleshoot systems/servers
JOB GROWTH Troubleshoot hardware/software interface and
interoperability problems
+8% Oversee installation, implementation, configuration, and
support of system components
SOFT SKILLS
Manage system/server resources including
performance, capacity, availability, serviceability, and
Strong Leader & Communicator recoverability
Organization
Design group policies and access control
Problem-Solver lists to ensure compatibility with organizational
Analytical standards, business rules, and needs

for more info