ENGINEERING MECHANICS 2

Second year
Mechanical students
Time 3 hours
Answer either 1. a or 1. b and all other questions

1.
a.
i. Most mechanical components are subject to vibrations, which, depending on
circumstances may be desirable or undesirable. Explain.
ii. Determine the natural frequencies of the system shown in figure below.
Consider the pulley as a solid cylinder.

Or

b. In a slider crank mechanism the length of the crank shaft AB is 100mm and it
makes 450 from inner dead center (IDC) in upward direction. The length of the
connecting rod is 400mm.The crank rotates about A in anticlockwise direction
with angular velocity of 15rad/s. Find the velocity of the piston using
i. Instantaneous center method
ii. Velocity diagram method.

2.
a) What is backlash in gears?
b) Write the applications, advantages and disadvantages of gear drives
c) Identify the numbers shown in the following figure of gear nomenclature.
3.
A machine is coupled to a two-stroke engine which produces a torque of
(800+sin3θ) Nm. where θ is the crank angle. The mean engine speed is 400rpm.
The flywheel and the other rotating parts attached to the engine have a mass of
350 kg at a radius of gyration of 220mm. Calculate
a) the power of the engine
b) the total fluctuation of speed of the flywheel when
i. the resisting torque is constant
ii. the resisting torque is (800+ 80 sin3 θ) Nm

4.
a) What is meant by static and dynamic unbalance in machinery?

b) A shaft carries four rotating masses A, B, C and D in this order along its axis.
The mass A may be assumed to be concentrated at radius of 18cm,B of 24cm,C
of 12cm and D of 15cm.The masses of B,C and D are 30Kg,50Kg and 40Kg
respectively. The planes containing B and C are 30cm apart. The angular
spacing of the plane containing C and D are 90˚ and 210˚ respectively relative to
B measured in the same plane. If the shaft and masses are to be in complete
dynamic balance, find
i. the mass and the angular position of mass
ii. the position of planes A and D

5.
a) What are the functions of governors?
b) Derive an expression for the equilibrium speed of Porter governor
c) A Porter governor has equal arms each 250 mm long and pivoted on the axis of
rotation. Each ball has a mass of 5 kg and the mass of the central load on the
sleeve is 25 kg. The radius of rotation of the ball is 150 mm when the governor
begins to lift and 200 mm when the governor is at maximum speed. Find the
minimum and maximum speeds and range of speed of the governor.