ECOLOGY

ECOLOGY – S5
ENVIRONMENT

THE LIVING AND NON LIVING

FACTORS SURROUNDING AN
ORGANISM, WHICH AFFECTS ITS
SURVIVAL & DEVELOPMENT.

MICRO MACRO
FACTORS FACTORS

IMMEDIATE THE BIOTIC AND

LOCAL ABOTIC FACTORS
SURROUNDING ACTING UPON
OF AN AN ORGANISM
ORGANISM

ECOLOGY – S5
ENVIRONMENT

THE LIVING AND NON LIVING

FACTORS SURROUNDING AN
ORGANISM, WHICH AFFECTS ITS
SURVIVAL & DEVELOPMENT.

BIOTIC (LIVING) ABIOTIC

(NON LIVING)

PRODUCERS WATER
LIGHT
CONSUMERS RADIATION
PRECIPITATION
DECOMPOSERS TEMPERATURE

ECOLOGY – S5
BIOTIC FACTORS

PRODUCERS CONSUMERS (HETEROTROPHS)

(HETEROTROPHS)
PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY

https://srekja.mk/mudrost-vo-tri-rechenitsi-pouchna-prikazna-za-lugeto-na-vrvot-onie-dolu/

ECOLOGY – S5 https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/fox/

https://www.ephotozine.com/article/white-tailed-eagle-portrait-awarded-potw--32141
BIOTIC FACTORS

DECOMPOSERS
(DETRIVORES)

ECOLOGY – S5 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detritivore
ABIOTIC FACTORS

WATER
LIGHT
RADIATION
PRECIPITATION
TEMPERATURE

ECOLOGY – S5
ECOSYSTEM

AN ECOSYSTEM IS A COMPLEX OF
ORGANISMS, THEIR PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
AND THEIR INTERRELATIONSHIPS IN A GIVEN
UNIT OF SPACE (ENCYCLOPEDIA
BRITANNICA, 1998).

ECOLOGY – S5
ECOLOGY

• COINED BY ERNST HAECKL (GERMANY) – THE STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP

OF AN ORGANISM WITH ITS ENVIRONMENT.
• ECOLOGY CAN BE DIVIDED INTO PLANT ECOLOGY & ANIMAL ECOLOGY,
BUT ECOLOGISTS PREFER:

AUTOECOLOGY SYNECOLOGY

STUDY OF INDIVIDUAL ORGANISM OR STUDY OF A GROUP OF ORGANISMS

SPECIES IN RELATION TO THEIR IN RELATION TO THEIR ENVIRONMENT.
ENVIRONMENT.

ECOLOGY – S5 http://www.biology-today.com/ecology/what-are-the-subdivisions-of-ecology/
SYNECOLOGY

POPULATION ECOLOGY • GROWTH, TROPHIC STRUCTURE, METABOLISM & REGULATION

COMMUNITY ECOLOGY • DIFFERENT POPULATIONS, SAME HABITAT & ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

TAXONOMIC ECOLOGY • DIFFERENT TAXONOMIC GROUPS – MICROBIAL, MAMMALIAN, INSECT ETC.

HABITAT ECOLOGY • PLANTS & ANIMALS IN DIFFERENT HABITATS.

HUMAN ECOLOGY • EFFECT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON ENVIRONMENT & VICE VERSA.

APPLIED ECOLOGY • WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, FORESTRY AND

CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES.
CHEMICAL ECOLOGY • CHEMICAL PREFERENCES SHOWED BY ORGANISMS.

PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY • PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION TO LIVING CONDITIONS.

ECOLOGY – S5 http://www.biology-today.com/ecology/what-are-the-subdivisions-of-ecology/
SYNECOLOGY

PALAEO ECOLOGY • ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF THE PAST AGES

EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY • EVOLUTIONARY PROBLEMS LIKE SPECIATION & SEGREGATION.

ECOLOGICAL GENETICS • RELATIONSHIP OF ENVIRONMENT WITH GENETIC VARIABILITY.

ECO GEOGRAPHY • PLANTS & ANIMALS IN DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS – HABITATS.

PEDOLOGY • SOIL AND ITS NATURE – ACIDITY, ALKALINITY, MINERAL CONTENTS, SOIL
TYPES.
ETHOLOGY • ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR IN DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS UNDER NATURAL
CONDITIONS.
SOCIOLOGY • ECOLOGY & ETHOLOGY.

SYSTEM ECOLOGY • ANALYSING FUNCTION OF ECOSYSTEMS USING APPLIED MATH &

STATISTICS.

ECOLOGY – S5 http://www.biology-today.com/ecology/what-are-the-subdivisions-of-ecology/
ECOLOGICAL BALANCE

A STABLE BALANCE IN THE NUMBERS OF

EACH SPECIES IN AN ECOSYSTEM
(JUNGIUS, 2018)

ECOLOGY – S5
WOLVES IN YELLOWSTONE

ECOLOGY – S5 https://www.allwallpaper.in/grey-wolf-portrait-wallpaper-55.html
CARRYING CAPACITY

THE CARRYING CAPACITY OF A GIVEN ECOSYSTEM IS THE

SIZE OF THE POPULATION IT CAN SUPPORT INDEFINITELY
WITH ITS AVAILABLE RESOURCES AND PROCESSES .

ECOLOGY – S5 http://www.sustainablemeasures.com/node/33
 ECOLOGY

ECOLOGY – S5