Eriksson Culvert QC Document PDF

Eriksson Culvert
Program Version 4.3.0
Quality Control Document

Verification Problems 1 through 11
July 1, 2019
Limited Use Document.

The Eriksson Culvert QC Document is a privileged document with access strictly limited to active licensees of Eriksson Culvert. It is
issued under the terms and conditions of an Eriksson Culvert License. It may only be used as a support document for Eriksson
Culvert by Eriksson Culvert licensees. Distribution of this document or any portion of it or any information contained in it to any third
party in any manner whatsoever is prohibited without express written permission from Eriksson Software, Inc.
Copyright Notice
Copyright © 2010-2019 by Eriksson Software, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this
material may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without written
permission.
Eriksson Software, Inc.

http://www.ErikssonSoftware.com
e-mail: TechSupport@eriktech.com
Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 2

Table of Contents
Ex. 1: Four sided precast box culvert with no skew, LRFD Specs ........................... 6
a. Table 1: Comparisons of Key Eriksson Culvert Results to Mathcad Calculations
b. Eriksson Culvert Output: Main View, Detailed Text Report
c. Mathcad Verification Calculations
Ex. 2: Three sided precast culvert with no skew, LRFD Specs ............................... 50
Ex. 3: Four sided precast box culvert with 30˚ skew, LRFD Specs ........................ 93
Ex. 4: Two-Cell precast box culvert with no skew, LRFD Specs........................... 133
Ex. 5: Box culvert Permit Vehicle Design and Rating, LRFD Specs ..................... 179
Ex. 6: Four sided precast box culvert with no skew, AREMA Specs.................... 254
Ex. 7: Four sided precast box culvert with no skew, CHBDC Specs .................... 291
Ex. 8: Type II precast box culvert with no skew, LRFD Specs .............................. 326
Ex. 9: Type I precast box culvert with no skew, LRFD Specs ............................... 370
Ex. 10: Retaining Wall Design .................................................................................. 414

b. Eriksson Culvert Retaining Wall Output: Text Report

Ex. 11: Strip Footing Design .................................................................................... 456
b. Eriksson Culvert Strip Footing Output: Text Report

Topics Covered under each Verification Problem
Example Box Three Single Multiple Skew Rebar Wire Mesh Shear Live Load Live Load Permit Extension
Problem Culvert Sided Cell Cells Effects Reinforcing Reinforcing Steel Distribution Distribution Vehicle of Critical
Culvert Steel Steel for Fills for Fills Rating Sections
>2ft <2ft
1      
2    
3          
4        
5          

Table 1: Comparisons of Key Eriksson Culvert Results to Mathcad calculations for Example 1
Eriksson
Description Mathcad Δ%
Culvert
Steel Reinforcing Requirement
2
Flexural Steel Requirement (in /ft)
Top Slab-Bar A100 0.887 0.880 0.8%
Bottom Slab-Bar A200 0.783 0.779 0.5%
Top Corner-Bar AE1 0.492 0.494 -0.4%
Bottom Corner-Bar A2 0.584 0.582 0.3%
5.10.8 Temperature and Shrinkage (in2/ft)
Top Slab-Bar CE1 0.288 0.288 0.0%
Ext. Walls and Bottom Slab-Bar C1 0.288 0.288 0.0%
9.7.3.2 Distribution Steel (in2/ft)
Top Slab-Bar C100 0.288 0.288 0.0%
Flexural Strength Check

5.7.3.2 Allowable Moment Capacity (kip*ft)
Top Slab Midspan 40.42 40.52 -0.2%
Top Slab Left End 25.41 25.40 0.0%
Bottom Slab Midspan 35.31 35.44 -0.4%
Bottom Slab Left End 26.09 26.09 0.0%
Exterior Wall Bottom 25.61 25.61 0.0%
Exterior Wall Midspan (+) 11.97 11.97 0.0%
Exterior Wall Top 25.61 25.61 0.0%
Shear Strength Check

5.8.3.3 Shear Capacity (kip)
Bottom Slab Midspan 13.73 13.73 0.0%
Crack Control Check

5.7.3.4 Allowable Distribution Steel Spacing (in)
Top Slab Positive Moment Reinforcing 13.8 13.83 -0.2%
Bottom Slab Positive Moment Reinforcing 13.88 13.93 -0.4%
Exterior Wall Negative Moment Reinforcing 22.18 22.32 -0.6%
Top Corner Moment Reinforcement 19.91 20.02 -0.5%
Bottom Corner Moment Reinforcement 14.78 14.86 -0.5%
Load Rating
MBE 6A.4.2.1
A100-Flexure Inventory Rating 1.02 1.03 -1.0%
A100-Flexure Operating Rating 1.32 1.34 -1.5%
A200- Flexure Inventory Rating 1.15 1.17 -1.7%
A200- Flexure Operating Rating 1.49 1.51 -1.3%
Top Slab LT- Shear Inventory Rating 1.09 1.09 0.0%
Bottom Slab LT-Shear Inventory Rating 1.32 1.31 0.8%

Demo mode Sht_____of_____
By:RAA
Project : Eriksson Culvert QC Ck:________
Task : Verification Problem 1 Client: Eriksson Software 7/3/2019 9:33:39 AM
Job No. : 1 File: ETCulvert_VP1.etc p. 1 of 4
Spec.: LRFD 8th ed.

Type of Culvert: Precast
Physical Dimensions
Clear Span: 16'-0"
Clear Height: 8'-0"
Top Slab: 1'-0"
Bottom Slab: 11"
Ext. Wall: 10" z
Fill Depth: 1.99 ft
8'-0"
x
Length: 8'-0"
Skew Angle: 0.00 deg
Bottom Slab Support: Full Slab
Top Haunch, Width: 8"
Top Haunch, Height: 8"
Bottom Haunch, Width: 8"
Bottom Haunch, Height: 8" 17'-8"
Material Properties
Concrete
Strength, f'c: 5.000 ksi
Density: 0.150 kcf Plan View
Elasticity, Ec: 4287 ksi
Type: Normal wt
Steel
Yield, fy: 60 ksi
1'-0"
Allow Stress: 36 ksi
Elasticity, Es: 29000 ksi
Soil
Density: 0.120 kcf
Exposure Factor
y
Class 1 Exposure
8'-0"
Reinforcement Covers x
Ext. Cover Top Slab: 2"
Ext. Cover Bottom Slab 1"
Ext. Cover Walls 1"
Int. Cover Walls 1"
Int. Top Slab 1"
Int. Cover Bottom Slab 1"
11"
Loads 10" 16'-0" 10"
Live Load
Vehicle Names: HL-93
Traffic Direction: Parallel
Eq. Height of Soil: 2.00 ft (Entered) Typical Section
Max No. of Lanes: 1
Dead Load
Future Wearing Surface: 0.000 klf
Additional Dead Load: 0.000 klf
Concentrated Loads: none
Lateral Soil Loads
Eq. Fluid Press. Max: 60.00 pcf
Eq. Fluid Press. Min: 30.00 pcf
Consider Int. Water Press.: no
Eriksson Culvert - Analysis and design of culverts, version 4.03 Copyright © 2010-2019 Eriksson Software, Inc.(eriktech.com)

By:RAA
Concrete Summary
Volume of Concrete: 1.781 cy/ft Total Volume of Concrete: 14.247 cy
Reinforcing Steel Bar Schedule (lb)

Location Mark Qty Size Spacing Type Length Hor.Leg Ver.Leg Tot.Weight
Top Slab(Int) A100 16 6 6" S 17'-5" -- -- 419.0
Bot Slab(Int) A200 9 8 11" S 17'-5" -- -- 419.0
Top Slab(Ext) AE300 6 6 1'-6" S 17'-5" -- -- 157.0
Bot Slab(Ext) A400 6 6 1'-6" S 17'-5" -- -- 157.0
Corner(Top) AE1 24 5 8" L 7'-9" 4'-4" 3'-5" 194.0
Corner(Bot) A2 24 5 8" L 6'-11" 4'-5" 2'-6" 173.0
Wall(Int) B1 12 6 1'-6" S 8'-6" -- -- 153.0
Wall(Ext) B2 24 5 8" S 8'-0" -- -- 200.0
Longit. Top (Ext) CE1 11 6 1'-6" S 7'-11" -- -- 131.0
Longit. Top (Int) C100 11 6 1'-6" S 7'-11" -- -- 131.0
Longit. Bot (Int) C200 11 6 1'-6" S 7'-11" -- -- 131.0
Longit. Bot (Ext) C1 11 6 1'-6" S 7'-11" -- -- 130.7
Longit. Wall (Ext) C1 12 6 1'-6" S 7'-11" -- -- 142.6
Longit. Wall (Int) C1 12 6 1'-6" S 7'-11" -- -- 142.6
2681
1'-4" 11 CE1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-4" 1'-4" 11 C100 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-4"
1'-2 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-2 1/2"
1'-2 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-2 1/2"
1'-2 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-2 1/2"
1'-2 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-2 1/2"

1'-4" 11 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-4" 1'-4" 11 C200 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-4"
Section Ext. Longit. Reinf. Section Int. Longit. Reinf.

By:RAA
3"
3"
4"
4"
6 B1 Bars @ 1'-6"
6 B1 Bars @ 1'-6"
12 B2 Bars @ 8"
12 B2 Bars @ 8"
4"
4"
3"
3"
Ext. Wall Reinf. Int. Wall Reinf.
3" 6 AE300 Bars @ 1'-6" 3"
3"
16 A100 Bars @ 6"
3"
Top Slab Ext. Reinf. Top Slab Int. Reinf.

3" 6 A400 Bars @ 1'-6" 3"
4"
9 A200 Bars @ 11"
4"
Bottom Slab Ext. Reinf. Bottom Slab Int. Reinf.

By:RAA
4"
4"
4"
4"
12 AE1 Bars @ 8"
12 AE1 Bars @ 8"
12 A2 Bars @ 8"
12 A2 Bars @ 8"
4"
4"
4"
4"
Top Slab Corner Reinf. Bottom Slab Corner Reinf.

Sht:____of____
Eriksson Culvert v4.3.0 By: Chk:____
Copyright © 2010-2019 Eriksson Software, Inc.(www.ErikssonSoftware.com) 7/3/2019 11:11:46 AM
Filename: ETCulvert_VP1.etc Culvert p. 1 of 9
Project: Eriksson Culvert QC
Task : Verification Problem 1
Client : Eriksson Software
Job No.: 1
CULVERT PROPERTIES
==================
Type of Culvert: Precast Specification : LRFD 8th Edition
Operating Mode : Design
Physical Dimensions
-------------------
No. of Boxes: 1 Name: BoxCulvert
Clear Span : 16.0000 ft Fill Depth : 1.99 ft
Clear Height: 8.0000 ft Skew Angle : 0.00 deg
Length : 8.0000 ft Bottom Slab Support: Full Slab
Haunches: Top, Length: 8.0000 in Height: 8.0000 in
Bottom, Length: 8.0000 in Height: 8.0000 in
Minimum Thicknesses: Top Slab: 0.0000 in Bot Slab: 0.0000 in
Ext Wall: 0.0000 in
Wall Joint: None
Material Properties
-------------------
Concrete: Strength,f'c : 5.000 ksi Density : 0.150 kcf Elasticity,Ec: 4287 ksi
Type : Normal Weight Density Modification Factor : 1.00
Fr Factor : 0.24 Gamma1 : 1.60 Gamma3 : 1.00
Steel: Yield,fy : 60.00 ksi fss Limit : 0.6fy Elasticity,Es: 29000 ksi
Yield,fyv : 60.00 ksi Diameter : 1.000 in Type : Rebar
Soil: Density : 0.120 kcf Slope Factor: 1.150 (B1 Installation)
Poisson's : 0.5
Fe Factor : 1.150 (Maximum for Compacted Fill)
Serviceability, Gamma-e: 1.00
Loads
-----
Live Load: Vehicle: (AA) HL-93 - Design Vehicle
Axle No. Weight(k) Dist. From Previous(ft)
1 8.00 0.00
2 32.00 14.00
3 32.00 14.00
Gage Width: 6.00 ft, Tread Width: 20.00 in, Tread Length: 10.00 in
Include Tandem: yes
Tandem: Axle 1: 25.00 k, Axle 2: 25.00 k, Axle Spacing: 4.00 ft
Lane Load: 0.64 klf, P-Moment: 0.00 k, P-Shear: 0.00 k
Combine: Truck + Lane Or Tandem + Lane
Inventory Rating Load Factor: 1.75 Operating Rating Load Factor: 1.35
Design Load Combinations: Strength I
Override MPF: no
Override DLA: no
Include Lane Load : no Max. No. of Lanes: Computed by Program
Traffic Direction : Lanes Parallel to Main Reinforcement
Neglect Live Load for Large Fill Depths: yes
Apply Surcharge at Fill Depths > 2 ft : no
Compute Surcharge Depth: no Surcharge Depth : 2.00 ft
Dead Load: Future Wearing Surface : 0.00 klf Add. Dead Load : 0.00 klf
Concentrated Loads : none
Lateral Soil Loads: Max. Equiv. Fluid Press.: 60.00 pcf Min. Equiv. Fluid Press. : 30.00 pcf
Buoyancy Check : no
Fluid Pressures: Apply Water Press. : no
Load and Resistance Factors
---------------------------
Max Min
DC: 1.250 0.900
DW: 1.500 0.650
EV: 1.300 0.900
EH: 1.350 0.900
WA: 1.000
EQ: 1.000
LL I : 1.750 LL II : 1.350
Ductility: 1.000 Importance: 1.000 Redundancy, non-earth: 1.000 Redundancy, earth: 1.000
Condition: 1.000 System : 1.000
Phi Shear: 0.900 Phi Moment: 1.000 PM Compression: 0.750 PM Tension : 0.900
Load Factor Multipliers, Design Mode: 1.00 Analysis Mode: 1.00
Reinforcement
-------------
Reinforcement Covers : Exterior Interior
Top Slab: 2.0000 in 1.0000 in

Sht:____of____
Walls : 1.0000 in 1.0000 in
Bot Slab: 1.0000 in 1.0000 in
Design Options
--------------
Member Thick.: Top Slab : Variable Bottom Slab: Variable
Ext. Wall: Variable
LL Analysis : Automatically Set Traffic Direction to Account for Skew Effects: no
Limit Distribution Width to Culvert Length for Fills < 2 ft: no
Limit Distribution Width to Culvert Length for Fills > 2 ft: no
Combine Longitudinal Axle Overlaps for Fills > 2 ft: yes
Combine Transverse Axle Overlaps for Fills > 2 ft: no
Axle Placement Increment for Moving Load Analysis: 200
Include Impact on Bottom Slab: yes
Always Distribute Wheel Load: yes
Reinforcement: Always Include Distribution Steel: no
Distribution Slab Provided: no
User Defined Longitudinal Steel: no, Always Use % of Area
Ind. Top and Bottom Slab Design: yes
Max. As used in Vc Calcs: 2.00 in2/ft
Distribute Minimum Reinforcement per Face: yes
Use individual Member Thicknesses for Min Steel: no
Epoxy coat steel: top bars, if fill < 2'
Slenderness : Checked K Factor: 2.00
Analysis Modeling : Use Haunches in the Structural Analysis Model: no
Crit. Section: Consider Haunches when Selecting Critical Section Locations: yes
Extend Critical Section for Shear Beyond the End of the Haunch: no
Use Max. Moment with Max. Shear at the Critical Section for Shear: yes
Flexure : Ignore Axial Thrust: no
Use Eq. 12.10.4.2.4a-1: no
Shear : Check Iterative Beta Method Only When Appropriate
Environmental: Apply envirnomental duribility factors: no
Live Load Deflection Criteria: 1/800

Sht:____of____
DESIGN RESULTS
==============
Top Slab Thickness = 12.00 in (from HL-93 truck)
Bottom Slab Thickness = 11.00 in (from HL-93 truck)
Exterior Wall Thickness = 10.00 in (from HL-93 truck)
Modular Ratio (N) = 6.76 Max. Steel Ratio = 0.025
Design Span = 16.83 ft Design Height = 8.96 ft
Design Fill Depth = 1.99 ft
Volume of Concrete: 1.781 cy/ft Weight of Steel: 355 lb/ft
Edge beams or shear connection to adjacent slab not required per LRFD 4.6.2.10.4
M dimension = 3.43 ft (method of equivalent capacity)
= 5.42 ft (method of contraflexure - ASTM)
Reinforcing Steel Schedule
--------------------------
Bar Spacing As,prv As,rqd Length Wgt H Leg V Leg Truck
Location Mark Qty Size Type (in) (in2/ft)(in2/ft)(ft-in)(lbs)(ft-in)(ft-in)
Top Slab (int) A100 (AS2) 12 7 STR 8.00 0.900 0.887 17- 5 427 AA
Bot Slab (int) A200 (AS3) 9 8 STR 11.00 0.862 0.783 17- 5 419 AA
Top Slab (ext) AE300(AS7) 6 6 STR 18.00 0.293 0.288 17- 5 157 AA
Bot Slab (ext) A400 (AS8) 6 6 STR 18.00 0.293 0.288 17- 5 157 AA
Corner (Top) AE1 (AS1) 22 6 L-BAR 9.00 0.587 0.492 8- 3 273 4- 4 3-11 AA
Corner (Bottom) A2 (AS1) 22 6 L-BAR 9.00 0.587 0.584 7- 4 242 4- 5 2-11 AA
Ext Wall (int) B1 (AS4) 12 6 STR 18.00 0.293 0.288 8- 6 153 AA
Ext Wall (ext) B2 (AS1) 22 6 STR 9.00 0.587 0.446 8- 0 264 AA
Temperature ( 1) CE1 (AS6) 11 6 STR 18.00 0.293 0.288 7-11 131 AA
Top Slab (int- 1) C100 (AS5) 11 6 STR 18.00 0.293 0.288 7-11 131 AA
Bot Slab (int- 1) C200 11 6 STR 18.00 0.293 0.288 7-11 131 AA
Temperature ( 1) C1 (AS6) 11 6 STR 18.00 0.293 0.288 7-11 131 AA
Total 2901
Note: A denotes flexural steel, B denotes vertical steel, C denotes longitudinal steel
AS Bar Marks
----------------
Location Controling Case As gvrn in2/ft
Transverse Side Wall - Outside Face (AS1) a 0.59
Transverse Top Slab - Inside Face (AS2) a 0.90
Transverse Bottom Slab - Inside Face (AS3) a 0.86
Transverse Side Wall - Inside Face (AS4) b 0.29
Distribution Top Slab - Inside Face (AS5) 0.29
Distribution Top Slab - OutSide Face (AS6) 0.29
Transverse Top Slab - Outside Face (AS7) c 0.29
Transverse Bottom Slab - Outside Face (AS8) c 0.29
Notes: 1.) Final areas of steel provided must be checked in analysis mode
2.) As Controlled By: a - Flexure, b - Crack Control, c - Minimum Steel, d - Fatigue
Splice Lengths Table:
--------------------
Bar Splice Length
Mark Size (ft-in)
B1 6 2- 2
C1 6 2- 2
CE1 6 3- 2
C100 6 2- 2
C200 6 2- 2
Summary of Ratings Table:
-------------------------
Flexure Shear
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
Truck Fill Member Location IR OR Fill Member Location IR OR
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
(AA) HL-93 1.99 2 MID 1.02 1.32 1.99 2 LT 1.09 1.41
Critical Sections Summary: Flexure

----------------------------------
Member 1: (Exterior Wall), Thickness = 10.00 in
Design Corr. Load Ratings Fill
Loc Dist. Moment A. F. Mu ds Ma As Mcr IR OR Truck Depth
(in) (k-ft) (k) (k-ft) (in) (k-ft) phi (in2) (k-ft) (ft)

Sht:____of____
BOT 8.50 -23.80 14.87 24.29 8.63 25.61 0.90 0.59a 14.31 1.15 1.49 AA 1.99
MID 53.75 0.00 3.05 12.40 8.63 11.97 0.90 0.29b 14.31 NC NC AA 1.99
MID- 53.75 -18.38 14.87 24.29 8.63 25.61 0.90 0.59a 14.31 1.56 2.02 AA 1.99
TOP 9.00 -20.19 14.87 24.29 8.63 25.61 0.90 0.59a 14.31 1.39 1.81 AA 1.99
Member 2: (Top Slab), Thickness = 12.00 in
LT 7.00 -16.43 2.87 27.22 9.63 25.41 0.90 0.59b 20.61 1.79 2.32 AA 1.99
MID 101.00 39.89 -0.73 45.15 10.56 40.42 0.90 0.90a 20.61 1.02 1.32 AA 1.99
RT 7.00 -16.43 2.87 27.22 9.63 25.41 0.90 0.59b 20.61 1.79 2.32 AA 1.99
Member 4: (Bottom Slab), Thickness = 11.00 in
LT 7.50 -19.28 5.71 27.22 9.63 26.09 0.90 0.59a 17.32 1.63 2.11 AA 1.99
MID 101.00 32.50 1.61 38.75 9.50 35.31 0.90 0.86a 17.32 1.15 1.49 AA 1.99
RT 7.50 -19.28 5.71 27.22 9.63 26.09 0.90 0.59a 17.32 1.63 2.11 AA 1.99
As Controlled By: a - Flexure, b - Crack Control, c - Minimum Steel, d - Fatigue
Critical Sections Summary: Vertical Shear
------------------------------------------
Design Corr. Corr. Max. Load Ratings Fill
Loc Dist. Shear Moment A. F. Dv phi*Vn Beta Vc Vs Av Spac IR OR Truck Depth
(in) (k) (k-ft) (k) (in) (k) (k) (in2) (in) (ft)
BOT 13.15 4.52 -23.8 14.87 8.28 12.64 2.000 14.04b 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.23 6.78 AA 1.99
MID 53.75 1.59 0.0 3.05 8.45 12.90 2.000 14.33b 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.13 13.13 AA 1.99
MID- 53.75 1.59 -18.4 14.87 8.28 12.64 2.000 14.04b 0.00 0.00 0.00 29.23 37.89 AA 1.99
TOP 13.65 -2.34 -20.2 14.87 8.28 12.64 2.000 14.04b 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.03 13.01 AA 1.99
LT 13.64 13.33 -16.4 2.87 9.28 14.16 2.000 15.74b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.09 1.41 AA 1.99
MID 101.00 3.70 39.9 -0.73 10.03 12.93 1.688 14.36a 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.49 4.53 AA 1.99
RT 13.64 13.33 -16.4 2.87 9.28 14.16 2.000 15.74b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.09 1.41 AA 1.99
LT 13.55 11.96 -19.3 5.71 9.28 14.16 2.000 15.74b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.32 1.70 AA 1.99
MID 101.00 0.11 32.5 1.61 8.99 13.73 2.000 15.25b 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.99 99.99 AA 1.99
RT 13.55 11.96 -19.3 5.71 9.28 14.16 2.000 15.74b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.32 1.70 AA 1.99
Vc Calculation By: a - Iterative Beta, b - Constant Beta, c - Box Culvert, d - Standard/Arema

Sht:____of____
========================================================================================================
Design Results: Fill Depth = 1.99 ft
========================================================================================================
Load Parameters:
---------------
Fe = 1.02
Applied Horizontal Loads: (k/ft)
------------------------
Load Description Bottom of Wall Top of Wall
Horizontal Earth Load 0.687 0.149
Live Load Surcharge 0.120 0.120
Internal Water Pressure 0.000 0.000
Unfactored Moments due to All Loads: (k-ft) Unfactored Shears due to All Loads: (k)
----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
M-PT Mdc Mev Mdw Meh Mls Mwa M-PT Vdc Vev Vdw Veh Vls Vwa
Member 1: (Exterior Wall) Member 1: (Exterior Wall)
Bottom Bottom
1- 0 -4.46 -3.45 0.00 -1.19 -0.32 0.00 1- 0 0.34 0.06 0.00 2.26 0.53 0.00
1- 1 -4.15 -3.39 0.00 0.57 0.10 0.00 1- 1 0.34 0.06 0.00 1.67 0.42 0.00
1- 2 -3.84 -3.34 0.00 1.82 0.43 0.00 1- 2 0.34 0.06 0.00 1.13 0.31 0.00
1- 3 -3.53 -3.29 0.00 2.61 0.67 0.00 1- 3 0.34 0.06 0.00 0.63 0.21 0.00
1- 4 -3.22 -3.24 0.00 2.98 0.80 0.00 1- 4 0.34 0.06 0.00 0.19 0.10 0.00
1- 5 -2.91 -3.18 0.00 2.97 0.84 0.00 1- 5 0.34 0.06 0.00 -0.21 -0.01 0.00
1- 6 -2.61 -3.13 0.00 2.62 0.79 0.00 1- 6 0.34 0.06 0.00 -0.56 -0.12 0.00
1- 7 -2.30 -3.08 0.00 1.98 0.64 0.00 1- 7 0.34 0.06 0.00 -0.87 -0.22 0.00
1- 8 -1.99 -3.03 0.00 1.09 0.39 0.00 1- 8 0.34 0.06 0.00 -1.12 -0.33 0.00
1- 9 -1.68 -2.97 0.00 -0.01 0.04 0.00 1- 9 0.34 0.06 0.00 -1.33 -0.44 0.00
1-10 -1.37 -2.92 0.00 -1.27 -0.40 0.00 1-10 0.34 0.06 0.00 -1.48 -0.55 0.00
Top Top
Member 2: (Top Slab) Member 2: (Top Slab)
Left Left
2- 0 -1.37 -2.92 0.00 -1.31 -0.40 0.00 2- 0 1.34 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 1 0.58 0.19 0.00 -1.31 -0.40 0.00 2- 1 1.01 1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 2 2.06 2.62 0.00 -1.31 -0.40 0.00 2- 2 0.76 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 3 3.13 4.34 0.00 -1.31 -0.40 0.00 2- 3 0.50 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 4 3.76 5.38 0.00 -1.31 -0.40 0.00 2- 4 0.25 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 5 3.98 5.73 0.00 -1.31 -0.40 0.00 2- 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 6 3.76 5.38 0.00 -1.31 -0.40 0.00 2- 6 -0.25 -0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 7 3.13 4.34 0.00 -1.31 -0.40 0.00 2- 7 -0.50 -0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 8 2.06 2.62 0.00 -1.31 -0.40 0.00 2- 8 -0.76 -1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 9 0.58 0.19 0.00 -1.31 -0.40 0.00 2- 9 -1.01 -1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2-10 -1.37 -2.92 0.00 -1.31 -0.40 0.00 2-10 -1.34 -2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right Right
Member 4: (Bottom Slab) Member 4: (Bottom Slab)
Left Left
4- 0 -4.46 -3.45 0.00 -1.19 -0.32 0.00 4- 0 2.46 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 1 -0.74 -0.33 0.00 -1.19 -0.32 0.00 4- 1 1.97 1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 2 2.16 2.09 0.00 -1.19 -0.32 0.00 4- 2 1.47 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 3 4.23 3.82 0.00 -1.19 -0.32 0.00 4- 3 0.98 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 4 5.47 4.86 0.00 -1.19 -0.32 0.00 4- 4 0.49 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 5 5.88 5.20 0.00 -1.19 -0.32 0.00 4- 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 6 5.47 4.86 0.00 -1.19 -0.32 0.00 4- 6 -0.49 -0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 7 4.23 3.82 0.00 -1.19 -0.32 0.00 4- 7 -0.98 -0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 8 2.16 2.09 0.00 -1.19 -0.32 0.00 4- 8 -1.47 -1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 9 -0.74 -0.33 0.00 -1.19 -0.32 0.00 4- 9 -1.97 -1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4-10 -4.46 -3.45 0.00 -1.19 -0.32 0.00 4-10 -2.46 -2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right Right
Unfactored Thrusts due to All Loads: (k)
-----------------------------------
Member Pdc Pev Pdw Peh Pls Pwa
1 1.34 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 -0.34 -0.06 0.00 1.48 0.55 0.00
4 0.34 0.06 0.00 2.26 0.53 0.00
------------------------------------------ Analysis Truck, HL-93 --------------------------------------
Vehicle Axle Weight Length Dist. From
No. (k/ft) (ft) Previous (ft)
Truck 1 0.387 3.12
2 1.547 3.12 14.00
3 1.547 3.12 14.00
Tandem 1 1.209 3.12

Sht:____of____
2 1.209 3.12 4.00
Live Load Parameters:

--------------------
Traffic Direction is Parallel to Main Reinforcement
Distribution Width : 4.96 ft
Note: Distribution width is calculated for one wheel only.
Impact Factor : 1.25
Lane Load: 0.000 k/ft
Truck Positions That Cause Maximum Results:

-------------------------------------------
Maximum +Moment in Top Slab Maximum -Moment in Top Slab
Vehicle Axle Weight Length Dist. From Vehicle Axle Weight Length Dist. From
No. (k) (ft) Left End (ft) No. (k) (ft) Left End (ft)
Truck 1 0.387 3.12 22.42 Truck 1 0.387 3.12 21.62
2 1.547 3.12 8.42 2 1.547 3.12 7.62
3 1.547 3.12 -5.58 3 1.547 3.12 -6.38
Maximum +Moment : 12.92 k-ft Maximum -Moment : -5.58 k-ft
Corresponding Moment at End : -5.52 k-ft Corresponding Moment at Mid : 12.49 k-ft
Coincident Bottom Slab Load : 0.29 k/ft Coincident Bottom Slab Load : 0.29 k/ft
Maximum +Shear in Top Slab Maximum -Shear in Top Slab
Truck 1 0.387 3.12 29.56 Truck 1 0.387 3.12 29.27
2 1.547 3.12 15.56 2 1.547 3.12 15.27
3 1.547 3.12 1.56 3 1.547 3.12 1.27
Maximum +Shear : 4.76 k Maximum -Shear : -4.76 k
Corresponding Shear at Mid : -0.07 k Corresponding Shear at Mid : 0.07 k
Tandem 1 1.209 3.12 9.85 Tandem 1 1.209 3.12 9.77
2 1.209 3.12 5.85 2 1.209 3.12 5.77
Tandem 1 1.209 3.12 5.56 Tandem 1 1.209 3.12 15.27
2 1.209 3.12 1.56 2 1.209 3.12 11.27
Unfactored Moments and Shears due to Truck Loads: (k-ft, k)

-----------------------------------------------
Truck Tandem Lane
M-PT Mll+ Mll- Vll+ Vll- Mll+ Mll- Vll+ Vll- Mll+ Mll- Vll+ Vll-
Member 1: (Exterior Wall)
Bottom
1- 0 0.00 -8.47 0.70 -0.20 0.00 -6.97 0.28 -0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 1 0.00 -7.84 0.70 -0.20 0.00 -6.80 0.28 -0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 2 0.00 -7.22 0.70 -0.20 0.00 -6.72 0.28 -0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 3 0.00 -6.59 0.70 -0.20 0.00 -6.80 0.28 -0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 4 0.00 -5.97 0.70 -0.20 0.00 -6.94 0.28 -0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 5 0.00 -5.34 0.70 -0.20 0.00 -7.12 0.28 -0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 6 0.00 -4.90 0.70 -0.20 0.00 -7.30 0.28 -0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 7 0.00 -5.07 0.70 -0.20 0.00 -7.50 0.28 -0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 8 0.00 -5.23 0.70 -0.20 0.00 -7.70 0.28 -0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 9 0.02 -5.41 0.70 -0.20 0.01 -7.91 0.28 -0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1-10 0.10 -5.58 0.70 -0.20 0.08 -8.11 0.28 -0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Top
Member 2: (Top Slab)
Left
2- 0 0.10 -5.58 4.76 0.00 0.08 -8.11 6.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 1 3.99 -1.83 4.01 -0.12 3.20 -2.36 5.26 -0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 2 7.93 0.00 3.47 -0.48 8.93 0.00 4.47 -0.37 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 3 10.60 0.00 2.96 -0.95 13.06 0.00 3.68 -0.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 4 12.34 0.00 2.45 -1.44 15.50 0.00 2.89 -1.37 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 5 12.92 0.00 1.94 -1.94 16.20 0.00 2.12 -2.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 6 12.34 0.00 1.44 -2.45 15.50 0.00 1.37 -2.89 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 7 10.60 0.00 0.95 -2.96 13.06 0.00 0.77 -3.68 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 8 7.93 0.00 0.48 -3.47 8.93 0.00 0.37 -4.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 9 3.99 -1.83 0.12 -4.01 3.20 -2.36 0.09 -5.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2-10 0.10 -5.58 0.00 -4.76 0.08 -8.11 0.00 -6.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Sht:____of____
Right
Member 4: (Bottom Slab)
Left
4- 0 0.00 -8.47 4.61 0.00 0.00 -6.97 3.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 1 0.12 -1.48 3.69 0.00 0.01 -1.15 3.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 2 4.01 0.00 2.77 0.00 4.38 0.00 2.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 3 7.88 0.00 1.85 0.00 7.50 0.00 1.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 4 10.20 0.00 0.93 0.00 9.36 0.00 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 5 10.96 0.00 0.06 -0.06 9.98 0.00 0.06 -0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 6 10.20 0.00 0.00 -0.93 9.36 0.00 0.00 -0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 7 7.88 0.00 0.00 -1.85 7.50 0.00 0.00 -1.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 8 4.01 0.00 0.00 -2.77 4.38 0.00 0.00 -2.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 9 0.12 -1.48 0.00 -3.69 0.01 -1.15 0.00 -3.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4-10 0.00 -8.47 0.00 -4.61 0.00 -6.97 0.00 -3.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right

Sht:____of____
Serviceability Check: Crack Control
--------------------
Bar Moment Thrust Fss Spacing Allow
Mark Location (k-ft) (k) (ksi) (in) (in)
A1 Top Corner Bar -12.8 9.41 25.16 9.00 19.91
A2 Bot Corner Bar -15.7 9.41 32.53 9.00 14.78
A100 Top Slab (int) 25.3 -0.36 35.15 8.00 13.80
A200 Bot Slab (int) 21.5 1.29 33.84 11.00 13.88
B2 Ext Wall (ext) -11.9 9.41 22.87 9.00 22.18
Strength Limit State at Critical Sections: Flexure

--------------------------------------------------
Design Corr. Load Ratings
Loc Dist. Moment A. F. Mu ds Ma As Mcr IR OR
(in) (k-ft) (k) (k-ft) (in) (k-ft) phi (in2) (k-ft)
BOT 8.50 -23.80 14.87 24.29 8.63 25.61 0.90 0.59a 14.31 1.15 1.49
MID 53.75 0.00 3.05 12.40 8.63 11.97 0.90 0.29b 14.31 NC NC
MID- 53.75 -18.38 14.87 24.29 8.63 25.61 0.90 0.59a 14.31 1.56 2.02
TOP 9.00 -20.19 14.87 24.29 8.63 25.61 0.90 0.59a 14.31 1.39 1.81
LT 7.00 -16.43 2.87 27.22 9.63 25.41 0.90 0.59b 20.61 1.79 2.32
MID 101.00 39.89 -0.73 45.15 10.56 40.42 0.90 0.90a 20.61 1.02 1.32
RT 7.00 -16.43 2.87 27.22 9.63 25.41 0.90 0.59b 20.61 1.79 2.32
LT 7.50 -19.28 5.71 27.22 9.63 26.09 0.90 0.59a 17.32 1.63 2.11
MID 101.00 32.50 1.61 38.75 9.50 35.31 0.90 0.86a 17.32 1.15 1.49
RT 7.50 -19.28 5.71 27.22 9.63 26.09 0.90 0.59a 17.32 1.63 2.11
Notes: Mu - Resisting moment under pure flexure, Ma - Allowable moment under applied axial load
Strength Limit State at Critical Sections: Vertical Shear
---------------------------------------------------------
Design Corr. Corr. Max. Load Ratings
Loc Dist. Shear Moment A. F. Dv phi*Vn Beta Theta Vc Vs Av Spac IR OR
(in) (k) (k-ft) (k) (in) (k) (k) (k) (in2) (in)
BOT 13.15 4.52 -23.8 14.87 8.28 12.64 2.000 45.00 14.04b 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.23 6.78
MID 53.75 1.59 0.0 3.05 8.45 12.90 2.000 45.00 14.33b 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.13 13.13
MID- 53.75 1.59 -18.4 14.87 8.28 12.64 2.000 45.00 14.04b 0.00 0.00 0.00 29.23 37.89
TOP 13.65 -2.34 -20.2 14.87 8.28 12.64 2.000 45.00 14.04b 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.03 13.01
LT 13.64 13.33 -16.4 2.87 9.28 14.16 2.000 45.00 15.74b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.09 1.41
MID 101.00 3.70 39.9 -0.73 10.03 12.93 1.688 44.39 14.36a 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.49 4.53
RT 13.64 13.33 -16.4 2.87 9.28 14.16 2.000 45.00 15.74b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.09 1.41
LT 13.55 11.96 -19.3 5.71 9.28 14.16 2.000 45.00 15.74b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.32 1.70
MID 101.00 0.11 32.5 1.61 8.99 13.73 2.000 45.00 15.25b 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.99 99.99
RT 13.55 11.96 -19.3 5.71 9.28 14.16 2.000 45.00 15.74b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.32 1.70

Sht:____of____
Load Combination Results at Tenth Points: (k-ft, k)
----------------------------------------
M-PT +Moment -Moment +Axial -Axial +Shear -Shear
Bottom
1- 0 -9.286 -27.049 3.053 14.869 5.711 1.614
1- 1 -5.838 -22.943 3.053 14.869 4.725 1.215
1- 2 -3.244 -20.547 3.053 14.869 3.803 0.848
1- 3 -1.447 -18.831 3.053 14.869 2.947 0.514
1- 4 -0.388 -18.378 3.053 14.869 2.156 0.213
1- 5 -0.008 -18.235 3.053 14.869 1.588 -0.215
1- 6 -0.250 -18.344 3.053 14.869 1.351 -0.877
1- 7 -1.056 -18.666 3.053 14.869 1.147 -1.473
1- 8 -2.366 -19.165 3.053 14.869 0.976 -2.004
1- 9 -4.123 -19.809 3.053 14.869 0.837 -2.470
1-10 -6.187 -22.117 4.344 14.869 0.730 -2.872
Top
Left
2- 0 -6.211 -22.166 -0.730 2.872 14.869 3.053
2- 1 7.067 -5.620 -0.730 2.872 12.596 2.389
2- 2 20.734 1.754 -0.730 2.596 10.379 1.715
2- 3 31.537 4.268 -0.730 2.596 8.144 0.045
2- 4 37.950 5.775 -0.730 2.596 5.912 -1.663
2- 5 39.886 6.278 -0.730 2.596 3.702 -3.702
2- 6 37.950 5.775 -0.730 2.596 1.663 -5.912
2- 7 31.537 4.268 -0.730 2.596 -0.045 -8.144
2- 8 20.734 1.754 -0.730 2.596 -1.715 -10.379
2- 9 7.067 -5.620 -0.730 2.872 -2.389 -12.596
2-10 -6.211 -22.166 -0.730 2.872 -3.053 -14.869
Right
Left
4- 0 -9.286 -27.049 4.342 5.711 13.816 4.061
4- 1 -1.951 -6.116 1.614 5.711 11.054 3.249
4- 2 12.279 1.653 1.614 4.342 8.293 2.437
4- 3 23.232 5.071 1.614 4.342 5.532 1.624
4- 4 30.189 7.122 1.614 4.342 2.771 0.812
4- 5 32.498 7.805 1.614 4.342 0.113 -0.114
4- 6 30.189 7.122 1.614 4.342 -0.812 -2.771
4- 7 23.232 5.071 1.614 4.342 -1.624 -5.532
4- 8 12.279 1.653 1.614 4.342 -2.437 -8.293
4- 9 -1.951 -6.116 1.614 5.711 -3.249 -11.054
4-10 -9.286 -27.049 4.342 5.711 -4.061 -13.816
Right

Eriksson Culvert Verification Problem 1
Four-Sided Precast Box Culvert with 0˚ skew, LRFD Specs
1.1 Input
1.2 Preliminary Check
1.3 Loads
1.4 Unfactored Internal Member Forces
1.5 Factored Internal Member Forces
1.6 Critical Sections Moment and Shear
1.7 Flexural Strength Check
1.8 Service Stress Check
1.9 Temperature and Distribution Steel Check
1.10 Shear Strength Check
1.11 Bar Cutoff Analysis
1.12 Fatigue Analysis
1.13 Deflection Check
1.14 Load Rating
1.15 Reinforcement Details

Eriksson Culvert Verification Problem #1
Filename: Eriksson Culvert VP01.xmcd Mathcad Version: 15
Description: Eriksson Culvert verification problem 1. Design of a single cell four sided precast
box culvert with no skew
Specifications: AASHTO LRFD Specifications for Highway Bridges, 8th edition
Manual for Bridge Evaluation, 2nd edition, 2011
References:
3
Units: U.S. customary units kcf  kip ft ORIGIN  1
1.1 Input
Materials: Box Concrete: fc'  5 ksi w c  0.150 kcf Exposure  "Class 1"
K 1  1.0 Agg max  1.5in λ  1.0

Rebar: fy  60ksi Es  29000 ksi fs  24ksi D b  1 in
Soil: γs  120 pcf
Geometry: Box Culvert: H t  8 ft W  16ft L  8 ft skew  0 deg Clear_Span  W
tts  12in tbs  11in twa  10in th  8 in

Soil Fill: H s  1.99ft
Reinforcement : cover te  2 in cover be  1 in cover we  1 in
Cover
cover ti  1 in cover bi  1 in cover wi  1 in
Fill type: Fill_type  "Compacted"
Loads: Vehicle Live: HL-93 Truck Traffic Direction: Lanes Parallel to main reinforcement
Live Load Surcharge height: LSht  2 ft
Future Wearing Surface: w ws  0 psf
Water Density: w w  62.4pcf
Equivalent Soil Density: γsmin  30pcf γsmax  60pcf
Factors: Flexure: ϕf  1.0 Shear: ϕv  0.90 (LRFD Table 12.5.5-1)

Axial: ϕc  0.7 (Standard Specifications)
Modifiers: Redundancy ηR  1.0 Importance ηI  1.0 Ductility ηD  1.0
Figure 1: Cross section of box culvert with input variable definitions

Check Edge Calculate the clear span length for the cell and Span to
Beam Requirement: thickness ratios
Design_Span  Clear_Span  twa Design_Span  202  in

Design_Height  H t  0.5 tbs  tts  Design_Height  107.5  in
Span to Thickness Ratio Segment Length

Design_Span L
 16.833  8  ft
tts cos( skew)
c12.11.2.1  "Edge Beams Required" if H s  2 ft
Design_Span
 18
tts c12.11.2.1  "Edge Beam Not-Required"
"Edge Beams Required" if H s  2 ft

(LRFD 12.11.2.1)
L
 4 ft
cos( skew)
"Edge Beam Not-Required" otherwise
1.3 Loads
Dead Loads (DC):
top slab: w dts  w c tts 1 ft w dts  0.15 klf
bottom slab: w dbs  wc tbs  1 ft w dbs  0.137  klf
2
single haunch: th
w dha  wc 1 ft w dha  0.033  kip
weight 2
wall weight w wall  twa w c 1 ft w wall  0.125  klf
Distributed Load on bottom slab is all vertical load from the top slab and walls
1 kip

w bottom  wdts Design_Span  2  w wall Design_Height   Design_Span
w bottom  0.283 
ft

kip
Wearing Surface (DW): w dw  wws 1 ft w dw  0 
ft
Vertical Earth Load (EV):
Outside culvert: Bc  Clear_Span  2  twa
Bc  17.667 ft
width
Soil-Structure :  Hs 
F e  min1  0.2 1.15 if Fill_type = "compacted"
Interaction Factor  Bc 
  F e  1.023
 H 
min1  0.2 1.4 otherwise
s
 Bc  (LRFD 12.11.2.2)
 
kip
w e  Fe γs  Hs  1 ft w e  0.244 
ft
Horizontal Earth: Horizontal Soil Earth Load at the top and bottom of the wall according to the Equivalent
Load (EH) Fluid Method in provision 3.11.5.5. Two cases considered with minimum and maximum
pressures
Minimum Case
kip
w eh_top_min  γsmin Hs  1 ft w eh_top_min  0.06
ft
kip
 
w eh_bot_min  γsmin H s  tts  Ht  0.5tbs  1 ft w eh_bot_min  0.343 
ft
Maximum Case
kip
w eh_top_max  γsmax Hs  1 ft w eh_top_max  0.119 
ft
kip

w eh_bot_max  γsmax H s  tts  Ht  0.5tbs  1 ft  w eh_bot_max  0.687 
ft
Live Load : kip

w sllmin.h  γsmin LSht 1 ft w sllmin.h  0.06
Surcharge (LS) Minimum Case ft
kip
w sllmax.h  γsmax LSht 1 ft w sllmax.h  0.12
Maximum Case ft
Water Load : In this example no internal water pressure is used

(WA)

Figure 2: Cross section of box culvert with Static Loading Diagram

Use of HL-93 truck and tandem loading w/o lane load will be used according to Article 3.6.1.3.3. Axle
Live Loads : loads will be distributed over an equivalent contact area using the equivalent strip width per Article
(LL) 4.6.2.10 for fill depth less than 2ft. For fills less than 2ft the distribution width for a wheel load is
limited to length of the culvert. For traffic parallel to the span per Article 4.6.2.10.2 a single lane shall
be loaded with the single presence factor.
 Hs 
DLA  0.33 1  0.125   DLA  24.791 % (LRFD 3.6.2.2)
 ft 
 1.2 
 
 1.00 
MPF  Wheel_Gage  6 ft
0.85  Tire_Length  10in
  Lane_Sep  4 ft Fill_SlopeLRFD  1.15
0.65  Tire_Width  20in
(LRFD 3.6.1.2.6) (LRFD 3.6.1.2.5)
(LRFD Table 3.6.1.1.2-1) (LRFD 3.6.1.3.1)
Distribution width Perpendicular to Span:

Eperp  min2  L 96in  1.44in
Clear_Span 
(LRFD 4.6.2.10.2-1)
 Eperp  9.92 ft
 ft 
Distribution width Parallel to Span:
Length of tire contact area parallel to span Lt  Tire_Length

Live Load Distribution factor with fill depth LLDF  1.15
Eparallel  Lt  LLDF Hs (LRFD 4.6.2.10.2-2) Eparallel  3.122  ft
HL-93 Vehicle Properties

Number of Axles Axle Loads Axle Spacing
T T
naxle.Truck  3 P axle.Truck  ( 8 32 32 )  kip SPaxle.Truck  ( 14 14 ) ft (LRFD 3.6.1.2.2)
T
naxle.Tandem  2 P axle.Tandem  ( 25 25 )  kip SPaxle.Tandem  ( 4 )ft (LRFD 3.6.1.2.3)

For all axle loads, we will check 4 cases for the each axle correspond to the number of lanes loaded. If any single axle
distribution overlaps Eriksson Culvert will distribute the truck weight over the entire distribution length as shown below.
N Lanes  1
 
Waxle paxle s axle naxle  Al  for q  1  naxle
if Eparallel  min s axle  

DisL  Eparallel 
 saxle
for qq  1  NLanes
DisWid  Eperp
qq
 paxle qq MPF qq ( 1  DLA)

Axleload 
qq Dis Wid  Eparallel
qq
Axleload
otherwise
DisWid  Eperp
qq q
paxle  qq MPFqq ( 1  DLA)

q
Axleload 
qq q Dis Wid  Eparallel
qq q
Maxaxle  max Axleload

T
q  
Maxaxle
 max Al  if Eparallel  min s axle  

Al otherwise
For fill depths less than 2ft article (LRFD C4.6.2.10.2) the load length parallel to span in equation (4.6.2.10.2-2) may be
conservatively neglected and the load can be analyzed as a distributed line load beneath the wheels of each design vehicle
which is the default in Eriksson Culvert. This action can be removed and the distribution through the fill may be kept be
selecting to always distribute wheel load under the analysis option dialog box.
 
P axle naxle w axle  for q  1  naxle
Paxle  waxle Eparallel

q
Truck:

WTruck  Waxle Paxle.Truck SPaxle.Truck naxle.Truck  T
WTruck  ( 0.387 1.547 1.547 )  ksf

P truck  Paxle naxle.Truck WTruck  T
P truck  ( 1.208 4.831 4.831 )  klf
Tandem:

Wtandem  Waxle Paxle.Tandem SPaxle.Tandem naxle.Tandem  T
Wtandem  ( 1.209 1.209 )  ksf

P tandem  Paxle naxle.Tandem Wtandem  T
P tandem  ( 3.774 3.774 )  klf
Lane Loading:
Not applicable for box culverts under all spans

Bottom Slab Loading
All vertical loading from the top slab is uniformly distributed along the bottom slab. The load varies depending on the
number of axles on the culvert. The number of axles on the bridge are computed for both forward and backward truck
orientations to show the possible combinations of axles.
 
Bottom_Load naxle paxle  augment for q  1  naxle

 for q  1  naxle 

 q q 


Ptop 
q  paxle
j
P top 
q  
reverse paxle j  

j 1 j 1
 
 Ptop P top 
 Wbot  Wbot  
 q Design_Span q Design_Span 
Truck: 0.072 0.287 

Wbot.Truck  Bottom_Load naxle.Truck Ptruck  Wbot.Truck  0.359 0.574   ksf
0.646 0.646 
Tandem:
 

Wbot.Tandem  Bottom_Load naxle.Tandem P tandem  Wbot.Tandem  
0.224 0.224 
  ksf
0.448 0.448 
Load Modifier: 
ηmax  max ηR ηI ηD 0.95  (LRFD 1.3.2.1-2)
ηmin  min
 1
1.0
 (LRFD 1.3.2.1-3)
 ηR ηI ηD 
Load Factors: From the LRFD Table 3.4.1-1 and 3.4.1-2. The minimum load factor for water pressure is taken as
zero to account for the case where the culvert is empty
Strength Service Fatigue

Load Min. Max
DC 0.90 1.25 1.0 -
DW 0.65 1.50 1.0 -
EV 0.90 1.30 1.0 -
EH 0.90 1.35 1.0 -
LL 1.75 1.75 1.0 0.75
LS 1.75 1.75 1.0 -
WA 0.00 1.00 1.0 -
γDC  1.25 γDW  1.50 γEV  1.30 γEH  1.35 γWA  1.00 γLL  1.75
γDC.min  0.90 γDW.min  0.65 γEV.min  0.90 γEH.min  0.90 γWA.min  0.00 γLS  1.75
Section Section Heights and cover for each critical section:

Properties:
h  twa h  tts h  tbs cover  cover we cover  cover ti
1 5 8 1 6
cover  cover wi cover  cover te
h  twa h  tts h  tbs 2 7
2 6 9
cover  cover we cover  cover be
h  tbs 3 8
h  twa h  tts 10
3 7 cover  cover we cover  cover bi
4 9
h  twa cover  cover te cover  cover be
4 5 10
T T
h  ( 10 10 10 10 12 12 12 11 11 11 )  in cover  ( 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 )  in

A structural analysis was performed using a standard commercial matrix-analysis software. The box culvert model was
assumed to be a rigid two dimensional frame. All vertical loading from the top slab is assumed to be uniformly distributed
along the bottom slab as performed in Eriksson Culvert. A more refined method of analysis requires knowledge of the
in-situ soil properties to select an appropriate soil stiffness (LRFD 12.11.2.3). The haunches are not included in the
structural analysis model which is shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3: Structural Analysis Idealization Model

The internal member forces due to each load case are shown below at the tenth points. A single value for the axial force is
shown as the force does not change along the member length :
Each Column Corresponds to: ( "DC" "EV" "DW" "EH" "LS" "WA" "LL +" "LL -" )
Exterior Wall:
 4.46  3.45 0.00  1.19  0.32 0.00 0.00  8.47  0.34 0.06 0.00 2.26 0.53 0.00 0.70  0.24 
   
 3.39 0.00 0.00 0.70  0.24
 4.15 0.57 0.10 0.00 0.00  7.84
 0.34 0.06 0.00 1.67 0.42

 3.84  3.34 0.00 1.82 0.43 0.00 0.00  7.22  0.34 0.06 0.00 1.13 0.31 0.00 0.70  0.24 
 3.53  3.29 0.00 2.61 0.67 0.00 0.00  6.80
 0.34 0.06 0.00 0.63 0.21 0.00 0.70  0.24

   
 3.22  3.24 0.00 2.98 0.80 0.00 0.00  6.94  0.34 0.06 0.00 0.19 0.10 0.00 0.70  0.24 
M wa   2.91  3.18 0.00 2.97 0.84 0.00 0.00  7.12  kip ft V wa  0.34 0.06 0.00  0.21 0.01 0.00 0.70  0.24   kip
   
 2.61  3.13 0.00 2.62 0.79 0.00 0.00  7.30  0.34 0.06 0.00  0.56 0.12 0.00 0.70  0.24 
 2.30  3.08 0.00 1.98 0.64 0.00 0.00  7.50  0.34 0.06 0.00  0.87 0.22 0.00 0.70  0.24 
   
 1.99  3.03 0.00 1.09 0.39 0.00 0.00  7.70  0.34 0.06 0.00  1.12 0.33 0.00 0.70  0.24 
 1.68  2.97 0.00  0.01 0.04 0.00 0.20  7.91  0.34 0.06 0.00  1.33 0.44 0.00 0.70  0.24 
   
 1.37  2.92 0.00  1.27  0.40 0.00 0.10  8.11  0.34 0.06 0.00  1.48 0.55 0.00 0.70  0.24 
P wa  (  1.34  2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  6.01 )  kip

Top Slab:
 1.37 2.92 0.00  1.31  0.40 0.00 0.10  8.11   1.34 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.01 0.00 
   
0.00  1.31  0.40 0.00 3.99  2.36 1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.26  0.45
 0.58 0.19   1.01 
 2.06 2.62 0.00  1.31  0.40 0.00 8.93 0.00   0.76 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.47  0.92 
 3.13 4.34 0.00  1.31  0.40 0.00 13.06 0.00
  0.50 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.68  1.41

   
 3.76 5.38 0.00  1.31  0.40 0.00 15.50 0.00   0.25 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.89  2.07 
M ts   3.98 5.73 0.00  1.31  0.40 0.00 16.20 0.00  kip ft V ts   0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.12  2.12   kip
   
 3.76 5.38 0.00  1.31  0.40 0.00 15.50 0.00   0.25  0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.37  2.89 
 3.13 4.34 0.00  1.31  0.40 0.00 13.06 0.00   0.50  0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.77  3.68 
   
 2.06 2.62 0.00  1.31  0.40 0.00 8.93 0.00   0.76  1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.37  4.47 
 0.58 0.19 0.00  1.31  0.40 0.00 3.99  2.36   1.01  1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09  5.26 
   
 1.37 2.92 0.00  1.31  0.40 0.00 0.10  8.11   1.34  2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  6.01 
P ts  ( 0.34 0.06 0.00  1.48  0.55 0.00 0.70  0.23 )  kip
Bottom Slab:
4.46  3.45 0.00  1.19  0.32 0.00 0.00  8.47   2.46 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.61 0.00 
   
 0.33 0.00  1.19  0.32 0.00
0.74 0.12  1.48
  1.97 1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.69 0.00

 2.16 2.09 0.00  1.19  0.32 0.00 4.38 0.00   1.47 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.77 0.00 
 4.23 3.82 0.00  1.19  0.32 0.00 7.88 0.00
  0.98 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.85 0.00

   
 5.47 4.86 0.00  1.19  0.32 0.00 10.20 0.00   0.49 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.93 0.00 
M bs   5.88 5.20 0.00  1.19  0.32 0.00 10.96 0.00  kip ft V bs   0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06  0.06   kip
   
 5.47 4.86 0.00  1.19  0.32 0.00 10.20 0.00    0.49  0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  0.93 
 4.23 3.82 0.00  1.19  0.32 0.00 7.88 0.00  0.98  0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  1.85 
   
 2.16 2.09 0.00  1.19  0.32 0.00 4.38 0.00    1.47  1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  2.77 
0.74  0.33 0.00  1.19  0.32 0.00 0.12  1.48  1.97  1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  3.69 
   
4.46  3.45 0.00  1.19  0.32 0.00 0.00  8.47    2.46  2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  4.61 
P bs  (  0.34  0.06 0.00  2.26  0.53 0.00 0.24  0.70 )  kip

Load Combinations:
For Strength I and Service I limit states, three load cases will be considered, corresponding to:
1. Minimum Vertical Load on the top slab and maximum inward load on the walls
DCmin+DWmin+EVmin+LSmax+WAmin+EHmax
2. Maximum Vertical Load on the top slab and maximum inward load on the walls
DCmax+DWmax+EVmax+LSmax+WAmin+EHmax+(LL+IM)max
3. Maximum Vertical Load on the roof and maximum outward load on the walls
DCmax+DWmax+EVmax+EHmin+(LL+IM)max+WAmax
Strength II: N/A
Impact is included in the loading on the structural model and therefore will not be added in the load combinations. Also
due to the load modifier being equal to unity it is neglected in the load combinations

Strength I Load Combination
Eriksson Culvert determines the design case for the maximum and minimum moment and shear values and the
corresponding axial load combination is determined
 
Str1.c Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2
C1  γDC.min Intf  γEV.min Intf  γDW.min Intf  γEH Intf  γLS Intf  γWA.min Intf
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6
C2  γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γEH Intf  γLS Intf  γWA.min Intf  γLL  Intf
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 i 6 j
C3  γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γEH.min Intf  γWA Intf  γLL  Intf
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 6 i 6 j
Cc  augment C1 C2 C3  

i i
   minCcT 
 if j = 1 maxCc
T
Cp
i j       
Comboi j  if Cp = C1 1 if Cp = C2 2 3
 i j i j  i j i j 
Combo

TSstr1c.m  Str1.c M ts 11  WAstr1c.m  Str1.c M wa 11   BSstr1c.m  Str1.c Mbs 11  

TSstr1c.v  Str1.c V ts 11  WAstr1c.v  Str1.c V wa 11   BSstr1c.v  Str1.c Vbs 11  
 
Str1 C Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2
Cp  γDC.min Intf  γEV.min Intf  γDW.min Intf  γEH Intf  if Ci j = 1
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4
 γLS Intf  γWA.min Intf
i 5 i 6
γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γEH Intf  γLS Intf  if Ci j = 2
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5
 γWA.min Intf  γLL Intf
i 6 i 6 j
γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γEH.min Intf  γWA Intf  γLL  Intf otherwise
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 6 i 6 j
Cp

M str1.ts  Str1 TSstr1c.m M ts 11  
M str1.wa  Str1 WAstr1c.m M wa 11  
M str1.bs  Str1 BSstr1c.m M bs 11 
V str1.ts  Str1 TSstr1c.v V ts 11 V str1.wa  Str1 WAstr1c.v V wa 11 V str1.bs  Str1 BSstr1c.v V bs 11
P str1.ts  Str1 TSstr1c.m P ts 11 P str1.wa  Str1 WAstr1c.m P wa 11 P str1.bs  Str1 BSstr1c.m P bs 11

Service I Load Combination
 
Sv 1.c Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2
C1  Intf  Intf  Intf  Intf  Intf

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5
C2  Intf  Intf  Intf  Intf  Intf  Intf

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
γsmin
C3  Intf  Intf  Intf  Intf   Intf  Intf
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 γsmax i 6 i 6 j

 i
  T i 
 minCcT 
Cp  if j = 1 max Cc
i j       
 i j i j  i j i j 
Combo

TSsv1c.m  Sv1.c Mts 11  
WAsv1c.m  Sv1.c Mwa 11  
BSsv1c.m  Sv 1.c M bs 11 
TSsv1c.v  Sv 1.c V ts 11 WAsv1c.v  Sv 1.c V wa 11 BSsv1c.v  Sv1.c Vbs 11
Sv 1 C Intf i2  for j  1  2

for i  1  i2
Cp  Intf  Intf  Intf  Intf  Intf if Ci j = 1

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5
Intf  Intf  Intf  Intf  Intf  Intf if Ci j = 2

i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
γsmin
Intf  Intf  Intf  Intf   Intf  Intf otherwise
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 γsmax i 6 i 6 j
Cp

M s1.ts  Sv 1 TSsv1c.m M ts 11  
M s1.wa  Sv 1 WAsv1c.m M wa 11  
M s1.bs  Sv 1 BSsv1c.m Mbs 11 
V s1.ts  Sv 1 TSsv1c.v Vts 11 V s1.wa  Sv 1 WAsv1c.v Vwa 11 V s1.bs  Sv 1 BSsv1c.v V bs 11
P s1.ts  Sv 1 TSsv1c.m P ts 11 P s1.wa  Sv 1 WAsv1c.m P wa 11 P s1.bs  Sv 1 BSsv1c.m Pbs 11
Combine all strength and service load combinations

M str1  augment M str1.wa M str1.ts M str1.bs  
M s1  augment Ms1.wa M s1.ts Ms1.bs 
V str1  augment V str1.wa V str1.ts V str1.bs V s1  augment Vs1.wa V s1.ts Vs1.bs
P str1  augment P str1.wa P str1.ts P str1.bs P s1  augment Ps1.wa P s1.ts Ps1.bs

Load Combination Results at the Tenth Points
Exterior Wall Top Slab Bottom Slab Exterior Wall Top Slab Bottom Slab
+ Mom - Mom + Mom - Mom + Mom - Mom + Mom - Mom + Mom - Mom + Mom - Mom
 9.286  27.049  6.33  22.17  9.286  27.049  8.505  17.89  4.845  14.11  8.505  17.89 
   
 5.841  22.802 6.776 5.626 2.215  6.11
   6.87  15.095 4.105  3.3  1.545  4.06

 3.252  20.139 20.429 1.744 12.011 1.658    4.93  13.49 12.955 2.97 8.035 2.74 
 1.442  18.241 31.231 4.255 22.972 5.078
   3.54  12.315 19.875 5.76 15.335 6.54

   
 0.391  17.7 37.64 5.758 29.934 7.13    2.68  11.91 23.985 7.43 19.935 8.82 
M str1   0.001  17.558 39.595 6.271 32.219 7.805  kip ft Ms1    2.28
  11.725 25.255 8 21.445 9.57   kip
   
 0.246  17.748 37.64 5.758 29.934 7.13    2.33  11.73 23.985 7.43 19.935 8.82 
 1.049  18.222 31.231 4.255 22.972 5.078    2.76  11.89 19.875 5.76 15.335 6.54 
   
 2.364  18.92 20.429 1.744 12.011 1.658    3.54  12.175 12.955 2.97 8.035 2.74 
 4.129  19.813 6.776 5.626 2.215  6.11    4.42  12.565 4.105  3.3  1.545  4.06 
   
 6.275  22.115  6.33  22.17  9.286  27.049  4.825  14.07  4.845  14.11  8.505  17.89 
+ Shear - Shear + Shear - Shear + Shear - Shear + Shear - Shear + Shear - Shear + Shear - Shear
5.706 2.117 14.87 3.06 13.821 4.068   3.89 1.29 9.41 3.4 9.13 4.52 
   
4.718 1.586 12.6 2.385 11.052 3.249
  3.19 0.995 7.91 2.2 7.3 3.61

3.796 1.1 10.371 0.939 8.284 2.43   2.54 0.725 6.46 1.07 5.47 2.7 
2.946 0.65 8.131  0.776 5.529 1.62
  1.94 0.475 5  0.09 3.65 1.8

   
2.159 0.254 5.903  2.777 2.773 0.81   1.39 0.255 3.55  1.41 1.83 0.9 
V str1  1.539  0.218 3.71  3.71 0.105  0.105   kip V s1  0.995  0.06 2.12  2.12 0.06  0.06   kip
   
1.224 0.883 1.552  5.903  0.81  2.773   0.82  0.52 0.71  3.55  0.9  1.83 
0.945 1.477 0.343  8.131  1.62  5.529  0.665  0.93  0.55 5  1.8  3.65 
   
 0.72 2.006 1.791  10.371  2.43  8.284   0.54  1.29  1.62  6.46  2.7  5.47 
0.531 2.482 2.385  12.6  3.249  11.052  0.435  1.61  2.56  7.91  3.61  7.3 
   
0.396 2.878  3.06  14.87  4.068  13.821   0.36  1.87  3.4  9.41  4.52  9.13 
Exterior Wall Top Slab Bottom Slab

+ Axial - Axial + Axial - Axial + Axial - Axial
 3.06  14.87  2.601  2.86  4.339  5.706  3.4 9.41 0.36  1.86 1.29  3.89 
   
 3.06  14.87 0.396  2.86  2.117  5.706
 3.4  9.41 0.36  1.86  1.29  3.89

 3.06  14.87 0.396  2.601  2.117  4.339  3.4  9.41 0.36  1.63  1.29  3.19 
 3.06  14.87 0.396  2.601  2.117  4.339
 3.4  9.41 0.36  1.63  1.29  3.19

   
 3.06  14.87 0.396  2.601  2.117  4.339  3.4  9.41 0.36  1.63  1.29  3.19 
P str1   3.06  14.87 0.396  2.601  2.117  4.339   kip P s1   3.4  9.41 0.36  1.63  1.29  3.19   kip
   
 3.06  14.87 0.396  2.601  2.117  4.339  3.4  9.41 0.36  1.63  1.29  3.19 
 3.06  14.87 0.396  2.601  2.117  4.339  3.4  9.41 0.36  1.63  1.29  3.19 
   
 3.06  14.87 0.396  2.601  2.117  4.339  3.4  9.41 0.36  1.63  1.29  3.19 
 3.06  14.87 0.396  2.86  2.117  5.706  3.4  9.41 0.36  1.86  1.29  3.89 
   
 3.06  14.87  2.601  2.86  4.339  5.706  3.4  9.41 0.36  1.86  1.29  3.89 

1.6 Critical Sections Internal Member Forces
The location of the critical section for moment design is located a distance of 1.5 times the thickness of the member
which can be found by taking the distance as [Face of Section+(haunch width-(h/2))] per LRFD C5.6.3.2.1 when
haunches are considered. The location of the critical section for shear is located dv from the face of the support per
LRFD 5.6.3.2. Due to the fact that section properties are under design, the effective shear depth is therefore estimated
using the reinforcing bar diameter input in the material properties under the culvert properties tab.
 
Design_Height  H t  0.5 tbs  tts Design_Height  8.958  ft Design_Span  16.833 ft i  1  10 j  1  11
 tbs 0.5   th  twa 0.5 

   8.5   "BOT" 
 0.5 Design_Height     
  53.75  "MID +" 
 0.4 Design_Height   43   "MID -"  exterior wall
Design_Height  tts 0.5   th  twa 0.5     
    98.5   "TOP"  -------------------
 twa 0.5   th  tts 0.5   7   "LT" 
CSmoment    CSmoment     in  
 0.5 Design_Span   101   "MID"  top slab
 Design_Span  twa 0.5   th  tts 0.5   195   "RT" 
        -------------------
 twa 0.5   th  tbs 0.5   7.5   "LT" 
   101   "MID" 
 0.5 Design_Span      bottom slab
 Design_Span  t  0.5   t  t  0.5  194.5   "RT" 
  wa h bs 
Db
ds.assume  hi  coveri  dv.assume  max 0.9 ds.assume 0.72 hi
i 2 i  i 
 tbs  0.5  dv.assume 
 1 
 0.5 Design_Height   13.15   "BOT" 
     
 0.5 Design_Height   53.75  "MID +" 
Design_Height  t  0.5  d   53.75   "MID -"  exterior wall
ts v.assume4
      
 twa 0.5  dv.assume
  93.85   "TOP"  -------------------
 5   13.64   "LT" 
CSshear    CSshear     in  
 Design_Span  twa 0.5  dv.assume   188.36   "RT" 
  7      -------------------
 twa 0.5  dv.assume   13.55   "LT" 
 8   101   "MID" 
      bottom slab
 0.5 Design_Span
 188.45   "RT" 
Design_Span  twa 0.5  dv.assume  
  10 
Using each critical section the values of the moment,shear and axial force will be interpolated in the tenth point load
combination results.
LB( vector value)  j  1 UB ( vector value)  j  1
LB  1 UB  1
jmax  last( vector) jmax  last( vector)
while value  vectorj while value  vectorj
jj1 jj1
LB  j  1 UB  j
break if j  jmax break if j  jmax
LB UB

Lwa  Design_Height  [ 0.1 ( j  1 ) ] Lts  Design_Span [ 0.1 ( j  1 ) ] Lbs  Design_Span [ 0.1 ( j  1 ) ]
j j j
 
Intforce CS L Intf h1 h2 t1 t2  for h  h1  h2
for t  t1  t2
tracel  LB L CSt

t
traceh  UB L CS t

t
CS t  Ltrace
lt
Pert 
Ltrace  Ltrace
h t l t
Intforce  Pert Intf trace h  Intf trace h  Intf trace h
t h  h t lt  l t
Intforce

M str1.wall  Intforce CSmoment Lwa M str1 1 2 1 4  
V str1.wall  Intforce CSshear Lwa V str1 1 2 1 4 

M str1.ts  Intforce CS moment Lts Mstr1 3 4 5 7  V str1.ts  Intforce  CSshear Lts Vstr1 3 4 5 7 
M str1.bs  Intforce CSmoment Lbs Mstr1 5 6 8 10 V str1.bs  Intforce CSshear Lbs Vstr1 5 6 8 10
M s1.wall  Intforce CSmoment Lwa M s1 1 2 1 4  V s1.wall  Intforce CSshear Lwa V s1 1 2 1 4 
M s1.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts M s1 3 4 5 7  V s1.ts  Intforce CSshear Lts V s1 3 4 5 7 
M s1.bs  Intforce CSmoment Lbs Ms1 5 6 8 10 V s1.bs  Intforce CSshear Lbs Vs1 5 6 8 10
P str1.wall  Intforce CSmoment Lwa P str1 1 2 1 4 
P str1.ts  Intforce  CS moment Lts Pstr1 3 4 5 7 
P str1.bs  Intforce CSmoment Lbs Pstr1 5 6 8 10
P s1.wall  Intforce CSmoment Lwa P s1 1 2 1 4 
P s1.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts P s1 3 4 5 7 
P s1.bs  Intforce CSmoment Lbs Ps1 5 6 8 10
M str1.all  stack Mstr1.wall submatrix Mstr1.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix Mstr1.bs 8 10 5 6  
V str1.all  stack Vstr1.wall submatrix Vstr1.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix Vstr1.bs 8 10 5 6  
P str1.all  stack Pstr1.wall submatrix Pstr1.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix Pstr1.bs 8 10 5 6  
M s1.all  stack  M s1.wall submatrix M s1.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix Ms1.bs 8 10 5 6  
V s1.all  stack  V s1.wall submatrix V s1.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix Vs1.bs 8 10 5 6  
P s1.all  stack  P s1.wall submatrix P s1.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix Ps1.bs 8 10 5 6  
Both Positive and Negative Load Combinations are shown in the calculation above and each section is known to be
controlled by positive or negative moment, therefore the corresponding critical
Section  ( "Neg" "Pos" "Neg" "Neg" "Neg" "Pos" "Neg" "Neg" "Pos" "Neg" )

Critical Sections Design Strength Moments, Shears and Axial Forces under Strength I:
 
M sr1 Mst  for g  1  10  
P sr1 Pst  for g  1  10
Caseg  2 if Section  T
 g = "Neg" Caseg  
2 if Section
T
 g = "Neg"
1 otherwise
1 otherwise
P str  P st
M str  M st
g 
g  Case 
g 
g  Case
g 
g
P str  1
M str
 
V sr1 Vsr  for g  1  10
Vstr  max Vsr  Vsr 
g  g 1 g 2 
Vstr
M str1  M sr1 Mstr1.all   V str1  V sr1 Vstr1.all   

N str1  P sr1 Pstr1.all 
  23.69   4.51  14.87   "BOT" 
     
   1.54   3.06  "MID +" 
3
 1.5  10   1.54  14.87   "MID -" 
  exterior wall
 17.7      
   2.35  14.87   "TOP" 
  20.19  -------------------
13.34   2.86   "LT" 
  16.44  V str1     kip N str1     kip  
M str1     kip ft  3.71   0.40   "MID"  top slab
 39.59  13.34   2.86   "RT" 
  16.44        -------------------
   11.96   5.71   "LT" 
  19.27   0.11   2.12   "MID" 
 32.22        bottom slab
  11.96   5.71   "RT" 
  19.27 
Critical Sections Moments, Shears and Axial Forces under Service I:
M s1  Msr1 M s1.all   V s1  Vsr1 V s1.all   
N s1  Psr1 P s1.all 
  15.68  3.045   9.41   "BOT" 
       
 2.28  0.995   3.4  "MID +" 
  11.91  0.995   9.41   "MID -"  exterior wall
       
  12.81  1.524   9.41   "TOP"  -------------------
10.364  8.397   1.86   "LT" 
M s1     kip ft V s1     kip N s1     kip  
 25.255   2.12  0.36   "MID"  top slab
10.364  8.397   1.86   "RT" 
        -------------------
12.755  7.902   3.89   "LT" 
 21.445   0.06   1.29   "MID"  bottom slab
       
12.755  7.902   3.89   "RT" 
Critical Sections Factored Permanent Load Moment for slenderness evaluation consists of the Dead load of Components
(DC), Vertical Earth Load (EV), Horizontal Soil Load (EH) and the Dead load of the wearing surface (DW)
M d.wa  Mwa
j j 1
 γDC  M wa
j 2
 γEV  M wa
j 3
 γDW  M wa
j 4
 γEH 
M p.wall  Intforce CSmoment Lwa M d.wa 1 1 1 4 
M d.ts  Mts
j j 1
 γDC  M ts
j 2
 γEV  M ts
j 3
 γDW  M ts
j 4
 γEH  
M p.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts Md.ts 1 1 5 7
M d.bs  M bs  γDC  M bs  γEV  Mbs  γDW  M bs  γEH M p.bs  Intforce CSmoment Lbs Md.bs 1 1 8 10
j j 1 j 2 j 3 j 4
 
M d  stack M p.wall submatrix M p.ts 5 7 1 1 submatrix M p.bs 8 10 1 1   

Maximum Factored Permanent Moments
 9.42   "BOT" 
   
 3.762  "MID +" 
 4.214   "MID -"  exterior wall
   
 6.178   "TOP"  -------------------
 5.031   "LT" 
Md     kip ft  
10.655   "MID"  top slab
5.031   "RT" 
    -------------------
 8.434   "LT" 
12.503   "MID" 
    bottom slab
8.434   "RT" 
2.0 0.33
 wc   fc' 
Modulus of Elasticity: Ec  120000ksi K 1     Ec  4592.23  ksi (LRFD 5.4.2.4)
 kcf   ksi 
1 ft design width: b  12in
Minimum eccentricity requirement
emin  max  1 in 0.1 hi
i
 M str1 
cecc  if emin  "OK" "NG" 
i
i  i Nstr1 
 i 
T
cecc  ( "OK" "NG" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
increase the eccentricity if required
 M str1 Mstr1 
M str1  if emin  
i i
Mstr1 emin  Nstr1 
i  i Nstr1 i i i Mstr1 
 i i 
T
M str1  (  23.691  0.255  17.7  20.187  16.437 39.595  16.437  19.275 32.219  19.275 )  kip ft
Slenderness Effects Evaluation (Walls Only) (LRFD 5.6.4.3)
Effective Length Factor k  2.0 (LRFD 4.6.2.5)
Radius of Gyration r  0.3 twa r  3  in (LRFD C.5.6.4.3)
 k Ht 
slender check  if   22 "OK Ignore Slenderness" "NG Slenderness effects must be considered" 
 r 
slender check  "NG Slenderness effects must be considered"
q  1  4
Ratio of the maximum factored permanent moment to ultimate moment
Md
q
β d  T
q Mstr1 β d  ( 0.398 14.753 0.238 0.306 )
q
3
twa  b Ec Ig
Cm  1 Ig  ϕk  0.75 EIq  (LRFD 5.6.4.3-2)
12 2.5 1  βd 
  q

2
π  EIq
P c  T
P c  ( 351.879 31.219 397.222 376.558 )  kip
 k Ht
q 2
 Cm 
δq  min 1.0   T
   Nstr1   (LRFD 4.5.3.2.2) δ  (1 1 1 1 )
 1   q  
   ϕk Pc  
   q  
M str1  δq M str1

The resulting magnified moment for the walls q q
Input Bar Size and Spacing From ET Culvert at the critical sections
6   "BOT"  9 
     
6  "MID +"  18 
6   "MID -"  exterior wall 9 
     
6   "TOP"  ------------------- 9 
6   "LT"   9  in
BarNO      spacing   
7   "MID"  top slab  8  ft
6   "RT"  9 
    -------------------  
6   "LT"  9 
8   "MID"  bottom slab 11 
     
6   "RT"  9 
BarA  BarASBarNO  T 2
i  i BarA  ( 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.6 0.44 0.44 0.79 0.44 )  in
BarD  BarDBBarNO  T
i  i BarD  ( 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.875 0.75 0.75 1 0.75 )  in
Effective Depth to the non-prestressed reinforcing (LRFD 5.6.3.2.2)
BarD
i T
ds  hi  coveri  ds  ( 8.625 8.625 8.625 8.625 9.625 10.562 9.625 9.625 9.5 9.625 )  in
i 2
BarD
dc  min coveri 2 in 
i T
dc  ( 1.375 1.375 1.375 1.375 2.375 1.438 2.375 1.375 1.5 1.375 )  in
i 2
Coefficient of Flexural Resistance and reinforcement ratio
  fc'  4 ksi   
β 1  if fc'  4 ksi 0.85 if fc'  8 ksi 0.65 0.85  0.05  β 1  0.8 Stress Block Factor β (LRFD 5.6.2.2)
  ksi 
Mstr1
Rn 
i
i
2
T

Rn  0.318 3.428  10
3
0.238 0.271 0.177 0.355 0.177 0.208 0.357 0.208  ksi 
ϕf  b ds 
 
i
 2  Rn 
fc'
 i  T
ρreq  0.85  1  1  ρreq  ( 0.0055 0.0001 0.0041 0.0047 0.003 0.0062 0.003 0.0036 0.0062 0.0036 )
i fy 0.85 fc' 
 
Required Area of Reinforcing Steel per foot
T 2
A s_req  ρreq  ds  b A s_req  ( 0.572 0.006 0.423 0.484 0.349 0.784 0.349 0.411 0.709 0.411 )  in
i i i
 BarA 
sp req   i  T
sp req  ( 9.237 892.581 12.494 10.907 15.13 9.184 15.13 12.852 13.362 12.852
i  As_req 
 i
T
csp  if sp req  spacing i "OK" "NG"  csp  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
i  i 

In Eriksson Culvert an iterative loop is performed using the area of steel required checking the allowable moment capacity
against the design moment required. This loop therefore increases the area of steel required until this check is satisfied.
This process the is shown below.
A s.req_new( i)  A s_req2  As_req
i
M a  1 kip ft
while Ma  Mstr1
i
2 2
A s_req2  As_req2  0.002 in if A s_req2  0.75in
2
As_req2  0.01in otherwise
As_req2 fy
c
0.85 fc'  β1 b
 β 1 c 
M n2  As_req2 fy ds  
 i 2 

P o2  0.85 fc'  b hi  As_req  A s_req2 fy
P tc2  0.31875  fc'  b β 1 ds  A s_req2 fy
i
 hi   hi 
M tc2  0.31875  fc'  b β 1 ds    0.1875 β 1 ds   A s_req2 fy ds  
i 2 i  i 2
0.003  Es ds 
ab  β 1
 i
 0.003  Es  fy
 hi 
 
M cc  0.85 fc'  b ab hi  ab  0.5  A s_req2 fy ds 
 i 2

P cc  0.85 fc'  b ab  As_req2 fy
 Po2  Nstr1 
 i
M n.all 
 P  P   Mcc if Nstr1i  Pcc
 o2 cc 
 Mtc2  Mcc 
 N  P   Mtc2 if Ptc2  N str1  Pcc
 Ptc2  Pcc   str1i tc2 i
 
 Mtc2  Mn2 
 N   Mn2 if Nstr1  Ptc2
 Ptc2   str1i i
  0.582 
M cc if N str1 = Pcc  
i 0.006 
M tc2 otherwise
0.433 
 
ϕ 0.75 if Nstr1  Pcc 0.494 
i 0.369  2
A s.req_new( i)    in
0.90 if Nstr1  Ptc2
i 0.880 
0.369 
 ( 0.75  0.90)   M
0.90     n.all  Mtc2 otherwise  
  Mcc  Mtc2  0.421 
0.779 
M a  ϕ M n.all  
0.421 
A s_req2

BarA
i T 2
A s  A s  ( 0.59 0.29 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.9 0.59 0.59 0.86 0.59 )  in
i spacing i
As  fy
i
ci  T
0.85 fc'  β1 b c  ( 0.86 0.43 0.86 0.86 0.86 1.32 0.86 0.86 1.27 0.86 )  in
 ds  ci 
 i 
εt  0.003    T
εt  ( 0.027 0.057 0.027 0.027 0.03 0.021 0.03 0.03 0.019 0.03 )
i  ci 
 ci 
cy  if   0.6 "OK" "NG use strain compatibility"  (LRFD 5.6.2.1)
i  ds 
 i 
T
cy  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
Compute the allowable Moment capacity based on a P-M diagram. Four Points exist on the curve and a
straight line assumption is used to determine the allowable moment capacity.
Nominal and Ultimate Pure Moment Capacity (LRFD 5.6.3.2.3)
ai  β 1 ci T
a  ( 0.69 0.35 0.69 0.69 0.69 1.06 0.69 0.69 1.01 0.69 )  in
 ai 
M n  As  fy ds   T
i i  i 2 M n  ( 24.29 12.4 24.29 24.29 27.22 45.15 27.22 27.22 38.75 27.22 )  kip ft
T
M r  ϕf  M n M r  ( 24.29 12.4 24.29 24.29 27.22 45.15 27.22 27.22 38.75 27.22 )  kip ft
i i
Pure Axial Compression Capacity

T
P o  0.85 fc'  b hi  A s   A s  fy P o  ( 542.7 526.4 542.7 542.7 644.7 662.2 644.7 593.7 609 593.7 )  kip
i  i i
Tension Controlled Limit

 hi   hi 
P tc  0.31875  fc'  b β 1 ds  A s  fy M tc  0.31875  fc'  b β 1 ds    0.1875 β 1 ds   A s  fy ds  
i i i i i 2 i i  i 2
T
P tc  ( 96.76 114.36 96.76 96.76 112.06 107.61 112.06 112.06 93.64 112.06 )  kip
T
M tc  ( 51.391 46.074 51.391 51.391 66.547 79.997 66.547 61.878 66.595 61.878 )  kip ft
Compression Controlled Limit (Balanced Condition)
0.003  Es ds 
 i  hi 
ab  β 1 P cc  0.85 fc'  b ab  A s  fy M cc  0.85 fc'  b ab  hi  ab   0.5  A s  fy ds  
i  0.003  Es  fy i i i i i  i i  i 2
T
P cc  ( 173.07 190.67 173.07 173.07 197.21 201.05 197.21 197.21 177.69 197.21 )  kip
T
M cc  ( 61.97 56.66 61.97 61.97 82.71 94.91 82.71 74.49 79.38 74.49 )  kip ft
Construct the P-M diagram for all sections

P dia  0 kip Ptc Pcc Po 
i  i i i M dia  M n Mtc Mcc 0 kip ft 
i  i i i 

 Po  Nstr1  P-M Diagram
M n.all   i i
M if N str1  Pcc 600
i  Po  Pcc  cci i i
 i i  Ext. Wall Bottom
 Mtc  Mcc  Ext. Wall Mid +
 i i
 N  P   M tc if Ptc  Nstr1  P cc Ext. Wall Mid -
Axial Capacity (kip)

 Ptc  Pcc   str1i tci i i i i
Ext. Wall Top
 i i  400
 Mtc  Mn 
 i i
 N   Mn if Nstr1  Ptc
 Ptc   str1i i i i
 i 
M cc if Nstr1 = P cc 200
i i i
M tc otherwise
i
ϕi  0.75 if Nstr1  Pcc

i i
0
0 20 40 60 80
0.90 if Nstr1  Ptc
i i
Moment Capacity (kip*ft)
0.90  
 ( 0.75  0.90)   M
 n.all  Mtc  otherwise
 Mcci  Mtci   i i
 
T
ϕ  ( 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 )
M a  ϕi Mn.all T
i i M a  ( 25.61 11.97 25.61 25.61 25.40 40.52 25.40 26.09 35.44 26.09 )  kip ft
ccap  if M a  M str1 "OK" "NG"  T

i  i i  ccap  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
Minimum reinforcement Requirement
fc'
Modulus of Rupture: fr  0.24ksi λ (LRFD 5.4.2.6) fr  0.537  ksi
ksi
3
b  hi
Gross Moment of Inertia: Ig 
i 12
Ig
Distance to Extreme: hi i
yi  Section Modulus: S c 
Neutral Axis 2 i yi
Flexural cracking
γ1  1.6 Yield to ultimate ratio: γ3  0.67 (LRFD 5.6.3.3)
variability factor
Cracking moment 
M cr  γ3  γ1 fr  S c
  
c3.3.2  if Ma  min1.2 M cr 1.33 M str1  "OK" "NG" 
i  i  i i 
T
c3.3.2  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
Steel is provided in two faces so half of the requirement is used for each check
 As 
 i 
c4.3.2  if   0.001 "OK" "NG"  (LRFD 12.11.4.3.2)
i  b hi 
T

Crack Control Requirement

700  γe dc
s  2  dc for which βs = 1 
β s fss 
0.7 h  dc 
γe  1.0 if Exposure = "Class 1"
Exposure Factor: γe  1
0.75 otherwise
 dc  As Es
β s  1  
i i
ρi  n  (LRFD 5.6.1) n  6.315
i  0.7hi  dc   b ds Ec
  i  i
We will compute the tensile stress (fss) at service load state considering the effects of axial thrust stresses using the
AASHTO simplified method. However the program Eriksson Culvert computes this value based on the equilibrium
equation for each section. This equation is then solved by iterating the equilibrium equation using the Newton-Ralphson
Method (rigorous method). To show the process of the program this method will also be performed to compare exact
results from Eriksson Culvert.
M s1.abs  M s1 N s1.abs  N s1
Simplified Method i i i i
 Ms1.abs 
hi   
ei 1
ei  max 1.15 ds 
i
 ds  j i  min0.9 0.74  0.1   i12.11.3 
 Ns1.abs i 2 i   ds i  ds 
 i    i   i
 1  j i e 
 i 
  hi  
 Ms1.abs  N s1.abs  ds   
700 in γe
i  i 2 
fss  min0.6 fy 
i
(LRFD C.12.11.3) s max1   2  dc
i  A s  j i i12.11.3  ds  i fss i (LRFD 5.6.7)
 i i i  βs 
i
i ksi
T
fss  ( 32.768 6.329 22.834 25.206 22.628 35.214 22.628 26.645 34.128 26.645 )  ksi
T
s max1  ( 14.65 87.34 22.22 19.87 18.12 13.77 18.12 19.07 13.74 19.07 )  in
s max2  min  1.5 hi 18in

i (LRFD 5.10.3.2)
T
s max  min smax1 s max2  s max  ( 14.6 15 15 15 18 13.8 18 16.5 13.7 16.5 )  in
i  i i
cm.s  if s max  spacing i 1 ft "OK" "NG" 

i  i 
T
cm.s  ( "OK" "NG" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

Rigorous Method
h
Section Width br  12 in Section Height hr  in
in
As 2 M s1.abs
Area of Reinforcing steel A s.r  in Applied Moment
2 M r  kip in
in kip in
Effective depth ds N s1
dr  in Applied Axial Load P r  kip
in kip
Steel Centroid to
dc.r  dc
tension fiber
Guess x  3
Given
   hr     hr  As.r   hr  A s.r
3 i  2 i  i i  i
P r  dr  x  3 Mr  P r  dr    3  P r  dr  x  6  n Mr  P r  dr     x  6  n M r  Pr  dr    =0
i i   i i  i 2  i i  i i  i 2  br dr  i i  i 2  br dr
i i
solution ( i)  Find( x) xi  solution( i)
T
x  ( 0.278 0.28 0.294 0.289 0.237 0.257 0.237 0.246 0.27 0.246 in
)
  hr 
i 
2 ksiMr  Pr  dr 
xi  i i  i 2  1 
j i  1  fc  fss  fc  n   1
3 i br xi dr  j i dr i i  xi 
i i
T
fc  ( 1.974 0.351 1.497 1.611 1.082 1.918 1.082 1.346 1.974 1.346 )  ksi
 dc.r  700 in γe


β s.r  1 
i  s max.r   2  dc.r (LRFD 5.6.7)
i  0.7hr  in  dc.r   i fss i
  i i 
β s.r 
i
i ksi
Summary of the rigorous stress
calculation results. These T
fss  ( 32.37 5.71 22.74 25.04 22.04 35.07 22.04 26 33.73 26 )  ksi
results differ from the simple
calculation provided in AASHTO T
s max.r  ( 14.86 97.16 22.32 20.02 18.74 13.83 18.74 19.61 13.93 19.61 )  in
by 1-2% typically.
Minimum Steel Reinforcement Spacing
s min  max BarD 1 in 1.33 Aggmax (LRFD 5.10.3.1.2)
i  i 
cleari  spacingi 1 ft  BarD
i
cmin.s  if smin  cleari "OK" "NG" 
i  i 
T
cmin.s  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

Temperature and Shrinkage Reinforcement ii  1  3
Input Bar Size and 6  18   "CE1-Top Slab" 
Spacing From
BarNO.ts  6  spacing ts  18  in  "C1-Walls" 
Eriksson Culvert
6  18  "C1-Bottom Slab" 
     
T
BarD.ts  BarDBBarNO.ts  BarD.ts  ( 0.75 0.75 0.75 )  in

ii ii
T 2
BarA.ts  BarASBarNO.ts  BarA.ts  ( 0.44 0.44 0.44 )  in
ii  ii
BarA.ts 2
ii T in
A s.ts  A s.ts  ( 0.293 0.293 0.293 ) 
ii spacing ts ft
ii
Required Area of Temperature and shrinkage steel in each face in Article 5.10.6
1.3 b hts
ii
A s.ts.req 
ii b  hts  (LRFD 5.10.6)
fy
2
 ii

in ksi
These provisions do not apply to precast box culverts that are cast in segmented lengths less than 16ft according to Article
12.11.5.3.2. Therefore Eriksson Culvert uses 0.2% of the gross cross sectional area in this calculation and utilizes the
largest gross cross sectional area for all segments of the culvert. This area of reinforcing is placed in both faces of the
element or 0.1% per face.

hts  max tts tbs twa  A s.ts.req  0.002  hts b A s.ts.req  0.288  in
2
Check Temperature and Shrinkage Steel Requirement per LRFD 5.10.6-1 and LRFD 5.10.6-2
 ii

check5.10.8_1  if A s.ts.req  1 ft As.ts  ii "OK" "NG"  T
check5.10.8_1  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" )
check5.10.8_2  if 0.11in   1 ft A s.ts  0.60in "OK" "NG" 

2 2 T
check5.10.8_2  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" )
ii  ii 
s max.ts  min 3  hts 18in
ii
  T
s max.ts  ( 18 18 18 )  in (LRFD 5.10.6)
s max.ts2  min 1.5 hts 18in
ii
  T
s max.ts2  ( 18 18 18 )  in (LRFD 5.10.3.2)
checkmax.ts  if spacingts  mins max.ts smax.ts2  "OK" "NG"  T

ii  ii  ii ii  checkmax.ts  ( "NG" "NG" "NG" )
Distribution Steel Reinforcement
Percentage of Positive Moment Reinforcing

Input Distribution steel from ET culvert
4  10   "C100-Top Slab" 
BarNO.ds    spacing ds    in  
iii  1  2 4  12  "C200-Bottom Slab" 
BarD.ds  BarDBBarNO.ds  T
 iii iii BarD.ds  ( 0.5 0.5 )  in
BarA.ds  BarASBarNO.ds  T 2
iii  iii BarA.ds  ( 0.2 0.2 )  in
BarA.ds 2
iii T in
A s.ds  A s.ds  ( 0.24 0.2 ) 
iii spacing ds ft
iii

Distribution steel per LRFD 9.7.3.2 is required in the bottoms of all slabs, except culvert tops or bridge slabs, where the
depth of fill over the slab exceeds 2ft. If the fill depth exceeds 2ft Eriksson Culvert determines the appropriate steel
based on temperature and shrinkage.
 1 
A s.req As   min 0.50  As if Hs  2 ft
(LRFD 9.7.3.2)
 Clear_Span  twa 
 
 ft 
0.2% hts b otherwise
Top Slab Distribution steel requirement

1
A s.dis.top  A s.reqA s   ft
6  
2
in
A s.dis.top  0.288 
ft
Distribution Steel is provided by bars C100 and C200

checktop.dis  if As.dis.top  As.ds "OK" "NG"  checktop.dis  "NG"
 1 

Shear strength is determined per (LRFD 5.7.3.3) or LRFD (5.12.7.3) depending on fill depths more than or less than
2ft. for both the sidewalls and slabs.
β  2.0 (LRFD 5.7.3.4.1)
 ai 
dv  max 0.9 ds 0.72 hi ds   (LRFD 5.7.2.8)
i  i i 2
T
dv  ( 8.28 8.452 8.28 8.28 9.28 10.033 9.28 9.28 8.993 9.28 )  in
  fc' 
V c.5.7.3.3  min0.25λ fc'  b dv 0.0316ksi β  λ   b dv  (LRFD 5.7.3.3)
i  i  ksi i
  fc' A s.dis.top Vs1  dv  fc' 

V c.5.12.7.3  minksi 0.0676λ
i
 b dv 
i
 4.6ft   b dv 0.126 ksi λ (LRFD 5.12.7.3)
i   ksi b dv Ms1  i ksi i
  i i  

V c  if H s  2.0ft V c.5.12.7.3 Vc.5.7.3.3 
T
V c  ( 14.041 14.334 14.041 14.041 15.737 17.014 15.737 15.737 15.251 15.737 )  kip
V r  Vc  ϕv λ
i i
Note: Top slab is in tension at midspan and iterative beta method will be used, calculation for this will be shown in a
following verification problem Vr  13.85 kip
6
T
V r  ( 12.64 12.90 12.64 12.64 14.16 13.85 14.16 14.16 13.73 14.16 )  kip
csh  if V r  Vstr1 "OK" "NG"  T

i  i i  csh  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

1.11 Bar Cutoff Analysis (LRFD 5.10.8.2)
An initial estimate is obtained from the inflection point of the moment diagrams for the maximum negative moment
envelope. However, Eriksson Culvert continues all positive and negative moment reinforcing steel besides the corner bars
to the end of each span. Therefore only the corner bar cutoff location is required and will be calculated. A horizontal and
vertical cutoff distance is required for all corner bars. Distances are measured from the centerline of the exterior wall and
top slab. For the vertical corner bar cutoff, the distance to the location where the moment demand falls below the
capacity of the exterior wall reinforcing Steel (B2) is determined and the appropriate splice length is added.
Inflection point from Negative Moment Envelope Inflection point.h  22.75 in Inflection point.v  5.28in
Modification of Development Length (LRFD 5.10.8.2.1b & LRFD 5.10.8.2.1c)

Location  
yreinf  H t  tbs  tts  coverte  117  in
Location factor 
Mod loc  if yreinf  12.0in 1.3 1.0  1.3  Mod loc  1.3
Coating factor Mod ep  if spacing  ft  3  BarD 1.5 if clear  6  BarD 1.5 1.2 Mod ep  1.2
4 4
 4  4 
Excess A s.req_new( 4 )
reinforcement Mod as  Mod as  0.842
factor As
4
2 Atr
Transverse in in
A tr  0.20 s tr  12 ntr  1.0 ktr  40  0.667  in
reinforcement ft ft str ntr
index
 BarD

4
cb  min coverte  min ( spacing  ft)  2.375  in
 2 
  BarD  
Confinement
  4  
Mod c  min max
  c  k 0.4 1.0  0.4 Mod c  0.4
factor   b tr  
Development Length for Tension Bars (LRFD 5.10.8.2.1a)
Mod loc Mod ep Mod as Modc  fy 

Ldp   2.4 BarD   Ldp  25.383 in
λ  4 fc' 
 ksi 
 ksi 
The development length shall be not less than 12in

Ld  max Ldp 12in  Ld  25.383 in
Extension Length for Negative Moment Reinforcing
Exlength  max Ld 12 BarD 0.0625 Clear_Span ds  (LRFD 5.10.8.2.1c) Exlength  25.383 in
 4 4 
Final Horizontal Bar Cutoff Location
Cutoffh  Exlength  Inflection point.h Cutoffh  4.011  ft
Splice Length for a Class B Splice

Splice  max( 12in 1.3 Ld) (LRFD 5.10.8.4.3a) Splice  32.998 in
Final Vertical Bar Cutoff Location
Cutoffv  Splice  Inflectionpoint.v Cutoffv  3.19 ft

ASTM M-dimension
As7 size, spacing, and area:

BarAS BarAs7  2
BarAs7  4 Spacing As7  12in As7   b  0.2 in
Spacing As7
Moment capacity:
 As7 fy
cAs7   0.294  in
Depth of neutral axis: 0.85 fc'  β1 b
 BarDB BarAs7 
dAs7  tts  cover te   9.75 in
Depth of steel: 2
  dAs7  cAs7 
Strain in steel: εt.As7  0.003    0.096
 cAs7 
 
 cAs7  
Strain check: cy.As7  if   0.6 "OK" "NG use strain compatibility"   "OK"
 dAs7  
  
Depth of compression block: aAs7  β 1 cAs7  0.235  in
  aAs7 
Moment capacity: M n.As7  As7 fy dAs7     9.632  kip ft
  2 
Factored moment capacity: M r.As7  ϕf  Mn.As7  9.632  kip ft
 Mr.As7  Mstr1.top.slab  
Location where As7 takeover: As7_takeover  1 
 2    0.1 Design_Span  1.276  ft
 M str1.top.slab  Mstr1.top.slab 
 2 1 
Development of As7:
Mod ep  if spacing  12.0ft  6  BarD 1.5 if cover te  3  BarD 1.5 if cover we  3  BarD 1.5 1.2  1.5
 4 4  4  4 
Spacing: Mod s  if spacing  ft  6 in 1 if clear  3  BarD 1 0.8  0.8
4 4
  4 
 fy 1.25in BarA4 fy 

Base Length:
Ldp  Mod ep Mod s max 0.4 BarD 
 
   21.6 in
4 ksi
 fc' 
 kip 
 ksi 
Not less than 12 in.  
Ld  max 12.0in Ldp  21.6 in
Exlength  max Ld 12 BarD 0.0625 Clear_Span ds   21.6 in

Negitive moment:  4 4 
M  As7_takeover  Exlength  3.076  ft

M dimension:

Fatigue Check is not required in LRFD under article 5.5.3.1 for reinforced-concrete box culverts
1.13 Serviceability Deflection Check
Deflection Check is not required for box culverts for all spans

1.14 Load Rating
The manual for bridge Evaluation (MBE) will be utilized for Load and Resistance Factor Rating. Modifications to the
existing equations for bridge superstructures are made for several issues that apply to culverts. The general equation
used for this evaluation was adopted from MBE 6A.4.2.1-1 and shown below.
Condition Factor ψc  1.0 MBE (6A4.2.3) System factor ψs  1.0 MBE (6A4.2.4)
Cmoment  ψc ψs Ma Cshear  ψc ψs  Vr MBE (6A.4.2.1-2)

System Capacity: i i i i
The rating factor will be computed for the three separate cases used in the load combinations and the corresponding
minimum will be determined and displayed. First the unfactored moments and shears at each location is
interpolated

M rat.wa  Intforce CSmoment Lwa M wa 1 8 1 4  
V rat.wa  Intforce CSshear Lwa V wa 1 8 1 4 

M rat.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts M ts 1 8 5 7  V rat.ts  Intforce CSshear Lts V ts 1 8 5 7 
M rat.bs  Intforce CSmoment Lbs Mbs 1 8 8 10 V rat.bs  Intforce CSshear Lbs Vbs 1 8 8 10
M rat.all  stack  M rat.wa submatrix M rat.ts 5 7 1 8  submatrix Mrat.bs 8 10 1 8  
V rat.all  stack  V rat.wa submatrix V rat.ts 5 7 1 8  submatrix Vrat.bs 8 10 1 8  
General Rating Equation

The general rating equation used in Eriksson Culvert is shown below

RF C Intf γLL   for i  1  10

 T

Capi  if  Section i = "Neg"  Ci Ci

 
LL i  if  Section i = "Neg" Intf Intf 
T
 i 8 i 7 
LL mod  if  LL i = 0 0.0001kip ft LL i
i
Capi  γDC Intf  γDW Intf  γEH.min Intf  γEV Intf  γWA Intf
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF 1 
i γLL  LLmod
i
Capi  γDC Intf  γDW Intf  γEH Intf  γEV Intf  γWA.min Intf
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF 2 
i γLL LLmod  γLL Intf 
 i i 5
Capi  γDC.min Intf  γDW.min Intf  γEH Intf  γEV.min Intf  γWA.min Intf
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF 3 
i γLL  Intf
i 5

RF tot  augment RF 1 RF2 RF 3 

 T i
RF min  minRFtot  
i   
RF min
Inventory Rating (IR)

IRmoment  RF Cmoment Mrat.all γLL  T
IRmoment  ( 1.15 9.14 1.65 1.39 1.79 1.03 1.79 1.63 1.17 1.63 )

IRshear  RFs Cshear Vrat.all γLL  T
IRshear  ( 5.24 10.27 29.39 9.79 1.09 3.73 1.09 1.31 99.00 1.31 )

Operating Rating (OR)
Only the live load factor for calculating the operating load rating is changed according to MBE Table 6A.4.2.2-1 & LRFD
Table 3.4.1-2
Load Factors: γLL.OR  1.35

OR moment  RF Cmoment M rat.all γLL.OR  T
OR moment  ( 1.5 11.85 2.14 1.8 2.32 1.34 2.32 2.11 1.51 2.11 )
 
OR shear  RFs Cshear V rat.all γLL.OR
T
OR shear  ( 6.79 13.32 38.09 12.69 1.41 4.84 1.41 1.7 99 1.7 )
A100-#6 @ 6" O.C.

A200-#7 @ 9" O.C.
A300-#4 @ 12" O.C.
A400-#4 @ 12" O.C.
A1-----#5 @ 6" O.C.
A2-----#5 @ 6" O.C.
B1-----#4 @ 12" O.C.
B2-----#5 @ 6" O.C.
C100-#4 @ 10" O.C.
C200-#4 @ 12" O.C.
C1-----#4 @ 12" O.C.



Eriksson
Culvert
2
Top Slab-Bar A100 1.277 1.275 0.2%
Exterior Walls-Bar B2 0.517 0.520 -0.6%
Top Slab-Bar C1 0.204 0.204 0.0%
Top Slab-Bar C100 0.204 0.204 0.0%

Top Slab Right End 88.7 88.56 0.2%
Top Slab Midspan 87.6 87.61 0.0%
Exterior Wall Midspan (-) 35.46 35.1 1.0%

Top Slab Right End 20 19.98 0.1%
Top Slab Left End 20 19.98 0.1%
Crack Control Check

Top Slab Positive Moment Reinforcing 12.4 12.40 0.0%
Exterior Wall Negative Moment Reinforcing 22 21.96 0.2%
Top Corner Moment Reinforcement 14.44 14.29 1.0%
Load Rating
MBE 6A.4.2.1
A100-Flexure Inventory Rating 1.08 1.08 0.0%
A100-Flexure Operating Rating 1.39 1.39 0.0%
Top Slab LT-Shear Operating Rating 1.29 1.28 0.8%
Deflection Check
LRFD 3.6.1.3.2 (in)
Truck Live Load 0.060 0.060 0.0%
Tandem Live Load 0.077 0.077 0.0%
Lane Load 0.011 0.011 0.0%
LRFD 2.5.2.6.2 (in)
Live Load Deflection Criteria 1/3740 1/3740 0.0%

By:RAA
Spec.: LRFD 5th ed. 2010

Physical Dimensions
Clear Span: 24'-0"
Clear Height: 8'-0"
Top Slab: 1'-5"
Ext. Wall: 1'-0"
Fill Depth: 4.00 ft z
Length: 4'-0"
4'-0"
x
Bottom Slab Support: Pinned
Top Haunch, Height: 8" 26'-0"
Material Properties
Concrete
Density: 0.150 kcf
Type: Normal wt
Steel Plan View
Yield, fy: 60 ksi
Soil
Density: 0.120 kcf
Exposure Factor
Class 1 Exposure
1'-5"
Reinforcement Covers
y
Ext. Cover Walls 1 1/2"
Int. Cover Walls 1 1/2" x
8'-0"
Int. Top Slab 1 1/2"
Loads
Live Load
Traffic Direction: Parallel 1'-0" 24'-0" 1'-0"
Eq. Height of Soil: 2.00 ft (Entered)
Max No. of Lanes: 1
Dead Load
Concentrated Loads: none Typical Section
Lateral Soil Loads

By:RAA
Concrete Summary

Top Slab(Int) A100 12 6 4" S 25'-8" -- -- 463.0
Top Slab(Ext) A300 3 5 1'-6" S 25'-8" -- -- 80.0
Corner(Top) A1 10 10 11" L 13'-9" 7'-7" 6'-2" 592.0
Wall(Int) B1 6 5 1'-6" S 8'-6" -- -- 53.0
Wall(Ext) B2 10 7 11" S 8'-0" -- -- 164.0
Longit. Top (Int) C100 17 3 1'-6" S 3'-11" -- -- 25.0
Longit. Top (Ext) C1 17 5 1'-6" S 3'-11" -- -- 69.3
1544
11 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 11 1/2"
11 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 11 1/2"
11 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 11 1/2"
11 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 11 1/2"

1'-0" 17 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-0" 1'-0" 17 C100 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-0"

By:RAA
6" 3 B1 Bars @ 1'-6" 6"
6" 3 B1 Bars @ 1'-6" 6"

2" 5 B2 Bars @ 11" 2"
2" 5 B2 Bars @ 11" 2"

6" 3 A300 Bars @ 1'-6" 6"
2"
2" 12 A100 Bars @ 4"

2"
2"
2" 5 A1 Bars @ 11"
2" 5 A1 Bars @ 11"
Top Slab Corner Reinf.

Sht:____of____
Job No.: 2
CULVERT PROPERTIES
==================
Type of Culvert: Precast Specification : LRFD 5th Edition 2010
Physical Dimensions
-------------------
No. of Boxes: 1 Name: ThreeSidedCulvert
Length : 4.0000 ft Bottom Slab Support: No Bottom Slab, Pinned Supports
Ext Wall: 0.0000 in
Wall Joint: None
Material Properties
-------------------
Type : Normal Weight
Fr Factor : 0.37
Steel: Yield,fy : 60.00 ksi fss Limit : 1fy Elasticity,Es: 29000 ksi
Poisson's : 0.5
Loads
-----
1 8.00 0.00
2 32.00 14.00
3 32.00 14.00
Include Tandem: yes
Override MPF: no
Override DLA: no
Include Lane Load : yes Max. No. of Lanes: Computed by Program
Apply Surcharge at Fill Depths > 2 ft : yes
Buoyancy Check : no
---------------------------
Max Min
DC: 1.250 0.900
DW: 1.500 0.650
EV: 1.300 0.900
EH: 1.350 0.900
WA: 1.000
EQ: 1.000
LL I : 1.750 LL II : 1.350
Reinforcement
-------------
Top Slab: 2.0000 in 1.5000 in
Walls : 1.5000 in 1.5000 in

Sht:____of____
Design Options
--------------
Ext. Wall: Variable
Always Distribute Wheel Load: no
User Defined Longitudinal Steel: no, Follow Specification
Distribute Minimum Reinforcement per Face: no
Left Node on Rollers for 3-Sided Frames: no
Crit. Section: Consider Haunches when Selecting Critical Section Locations: no
Use Eq. 12.10.4.2.4a-1: no

Sht:____of____
DESIGN RESULTS
==============
--------------------------
Top Slab (ext) A300 (AS7) 3 5 STR 18.00 0.207 0.204 25- 8 80 AA
Corner (Top) A1 (AS1) 10 10 L-BAR 11.00 1.385 1.380 13- 9 592 7- 7 6- 2 AA
Total 1544
AS Bar Marks
----------------
Transverse Side Wall - Outside Face (AS1) b 1.39
--------------------
Bar Splice Length
Mark Size (ft-in)
B1 5 1- 9
C1 5 1- 9
C100 3 1- 1
>>>Warning: This is a three sided culvert, therefore foundation has not been design by this program.
Engineer should design the foundation. This program output reflects final service load
conditions only. Handling, shipping and erection stresses are neither checked nor
incorporated into program design and must be analyzed by the producer's engineer.
External bracing is an acceptable method to mitigate overstress and possible product
damage during the course of handling, shipping and erection.
-------------------------
Flexure Shear
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
(AA) HL-93 4.00 2 MID 1.08 1.39 4.00 2 LT 0.99 1.29

----------------------------------
Loc Dist. Moment A. F. Mu ds Ma As 1.2Mcr IR OR Truck Depth
BOT 0.00 0.0# 13.34 0.00 9.86 4.52 0.90 0.00b 23.83 NC NC AA 4.00
MID 41.80 0.00 8.84 9.88 10.19 12.25 0.90 0.21b 23.83 NC NC AA 4.00
MID- 52.25 -23.20 22.58 30.09 10.06 35.46 0.90 0.65b 23.83 2.18 2.83 AA 4.00

Sht:____of____
TOP 8.50 -50.30 22.58 59.56 9.86 62.70 0.90 1.39a 23.83 1.65 2.13 AA 4.00
LT 6.00 -48.91 10.19 89.17 14.36 88.70 0.90 1.39a 47.82 3.09 4.01 AA 4.00
MID 150.00 84.83 5.80 89.97 15.13 87.60 0.90 1.32a 47.82 1.08 1.39 AA 4.00
RT 6.00 -48.91 10.19 89.17 14.36 88.70 0.90 1.39a 47.82 3.09 4.01 AA 4.00
# - a 0.0 design moment indicates no negative moments at this location. Check the 'Load Combination
Results'table to determine if a positive moment exists.
------------------------------------------
BOT 0.00 1.70 1.3 13.34 9.86 15.06 2.000 16.73b 0.00 0.00 0.00 NC NC AA 4.00
MID 52.25 3.18 0.0 8.84 10.07 15.36 2.000 17.07b 0.00 0.00 0.00 NC NC AA 4.00
MID- 52.25 3.18 -23.2 22.58 9.68 14.77 2.000 16.41b 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.44 5.76 AA 4.00
TOP 17.50 -9.23 -50.3 22.58 9.05 13.81 2.000 15.35b 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.49 3.23 AA 4.00
LT 19.05 20.06 -48.9 10.19 13.55 20.00* 1.934 22.23a 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.99 1.29 AA 4.00
MID 150.00 3.39 84.8 5.80 14.35 17.14 1.566 19.05a 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.05 6.55 AA 4.00
RT 19.05 20.06 -48.9 10.19 13.55 20.00* 1.934 22.23a 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.99 1.29 AA 4.00

Sht:____of____
========================================================================================================
========================================================================================================
Load Parameters:
---------------
Fe = 1.03
------------------------
----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
Bottom Bottom
1- 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1- 0 -0.77 -1.78 -0.36 2.52 0.47 0.00
1- 1 -0.67 -1.55 -0.31 1.90 0.36 0.00 1- 1 -0.77 -1.78 -0.36 1.84 0.37 0.00
1- 2 -1.34 -3.10 -0.63 3.23 0.64 0.00 1- 2 -0.77 -1.78 -0.36 1.21 0.26 0.00
1- 3 -2.00 -4.65 -0.94 4.03 0.82 0.00 1- 3 -0.77 -1.78 -0.36 0.62 0.16 0.00
1- 4 -2.67 -6.20 -1.25 4.34 0.91 0.00 1- 4 -0.77 -1.78 -0.36 0.08 0.05 0.00
1- 5 -3.34 -7.75 -1.57 4.19 0.91 0.00 1- 5 -0.77 -1.78 -0.36 -0.41 -0.05 0.00
1- 6 -4.01 -9.30 -1.88 3.63 0.82 0.00 1- 6 -0.77 -1.78 -0.36 -0.87 -0.16 0.00
1- 7 -4.68 -10.85 -2.19 2.70 0.64 0.00 1- 7 -0.77 -1.78 -0.36 -1.27 -0.26 0.00
1- 8 -5.34 -12.40 -2.51 1.44 0.37 0.00 1- 8 -0.77 -1.78 -0.36 -1.63 -0.36 0.00
1- 9 -6.01 -13.95 -2.82 -0.12 0.01 0.00 1- 9 -0.77 -1.78 -0.36 -1.94 -0.47 0.00
1-10 -6.68 -15.50 -3.13 -1.93 -0.45 0.00 1-10 -0.77 -1.78 -0.36 -2.21 -0.57 0.00
Top Top
Left Left
2- 0 -6.68 -15.50 -3.13 -1.96 -0.45 0.00 2- 0 2.74 6.18 1.25 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 1 -0.66 -1.59 -0.32 -1.96 -0.45 0.00 2- 1 2.13 4.95 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 2 3.99 9.24 1.87 -1.96 -0.45 0.00 2- 2 1.59 3.71 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 3 7.31 16.97 3.43 -1.96 -0.45 0.00 2- 3 1.06 2.47 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 4 9.30 21.61 4.37 -1.96 -0.45 0.00 2- 4 0.53 1.24 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 5 9.96 23.15 4.68 -1.96 -0.45 0.00 2- 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 6 9.30 21.61 4.37 -1.96 -0.45 0.00 2- 6 -0.53 -1.24 -0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 7 7.31 16.97 3.43 -1.96 -0.45 0.00 2- 7 -1.06 -2.47 -0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 8 3.99 9.24 1.87 -1.96 -0.45 0.00 2- 8 -1.59 -3.71 -0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 9 -0.66 -1.59 -0.32 -1.96 -0.45 0.00 2- 9 -2.13 -4.95 -1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2-10 -6.68 -15.50 -3.13 -1.96 -0.45 0.00 2-10 -2.74 -6.18 -1.25 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right Right
-----------------------------------
1 2.74 6.18 1.25 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 0.77 1.78 0.36 2.21 0.57 0.00
Truck 1 0.168 5.43
2 0.671 5.43 14.00
3 0.671 5.43 14.00
Tandem 1 0.604 9.43

--------------------
Pinned Reactions Applied to Structure: (service load values, k/unit width)

-------------------------------------
____________
| |

Sht:____of____
| |
| |
| |
---->| |<----
A A
| |
| |
Vertical Horizontal
DC 4.05 0.77
DW 1.25 0.36
EV 6.18 1.78
EH 0.00 -2.52
LS 0.00 -0.47
WA 0.00 0.00
LL 5.28 1.36
Without LL 11.48 -0.09
With LL 16.76 1.27
Note: Reactions as shown - positive
-------------------------------------------
Truck 1 0.168 5.43 26.72 Truck 1 0.168 5.43 33.22
2 0.671 5.43 12.72 2 0.671 5.43 19.22
3 0.671 5.43 -1.28 3 0.671 5.43 5.22
Truck 1 0.168 5.43 30.72 Truck 1 0.168 5.43 36.28
2 0.671 5.43 16.72 2 0.671 5.43 22.28
3 0.671 5.43 2.72 3 0.671 5.43 8.28
Corresponding Shear at Mid : 0.81 k Corresponding Shear at Mid : -0.81 k
Maximum Deflection in Top Slab = 0.060 in
Vehicle Axle Weight Dist. From
No. (k) Left End (ft)
Truck 1 0.00 33.78
2 0.00 19.78
3 0.00 5.78
Tandem 1 0.604 9.43 12.50 Tandem 1 0.604 9.43 12.50
Tandem 1 0.604 9.43 4.72 Tandem 1 0.604 9.43 20.28
Tandem 1 0.00 12.50

-----------------------------------------------
Truck Tandem Lane
Bottom
1- 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 -1.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 -1.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.19
1- 1 0.00 -0.92 0.00 -1.06 0.00 -1.02 0.00 -1.17 0.00 -0.16 0.00 -0.19
1- 2 0.00 -1.84 0.00 -1.06 0.00 -2.04 0.00 -1.17 0.00 -0.33 0.00 -0.19
1- 3 0.00 -2.76 0.00 -1.06 0.00 -3.06 0.00 -1.17 0.00 -0.49 0.00 -0.19
1- 4 0.00 -3.68 0.00 -1.06 0.00 -4.08 0.00 -1.17 0.00 -0.66 0.00 -0.19
1- 5 0.00 -4.59 0.00 -1.06 0.00 -5.10 0.00 -1.17 0.00 -0.82 0.00 -0.19
1- 6 0.00 -5.51 0.00 -1.06 0.00 -6.12 0.00 -1.17 0.00 -0.99 0.00 -0.19
1- 7 0.00 -6.43 0.00 -1.06 0.00 -7.14 0.00 -1.17 0.00 -1.15 0.00 -0.19
1- 8 0.00 -7.35 0.00 -1.06 0.00 -8.16 0.00 -1.17 0.00 -1.32 0.00 -0.19
1- 9 0.00 -8.27 0.00 -1.06 0.00 -9.18 0.00 -1.17 0.00 -1.48 0.00 -0.19
1-10 0.00 -9.19 0.00 -1.06 0.00 -10.20 0.00 -1.17 0.00 -1.65 0.00 -0.19
Top

Sht:____of____
Left
2- 0 0.00 -9.19 4.46 0.00 0.00 -10.20 4.62 0.00 0.00 -1.65 0.66 0.00
2- 1 3.66 -2.95 3.73 -0.08 3.69 -4.26 4.05 -0.08 0.32 -0.49 0.53 -0.01
2- 2 7.97 -0.66 3.00 -0.34 10.22 -0.71 3.48 -0.30 1.04 -0.06 0.42 -0.03
2- 3 11.65 0.00 2.32 -0.70 14.93 0.00 2.91 -0.68 1.80 0.00 0.32 -0.06
2- 4 13.57 0.00 1.81 -1.06 17.74 0.00 2.34 -1.20 2.30 0.00 0.24 -0.11
2- 5 13.72 0.00 1.43 -1.43 18.69 0.00 1.77 -1.77 2.46 0.00 0.16 -0.16
2- 6 13.57 0.00 1.06 -1.81 17.74 0.00 1.20 -2.34 2.30 0.00 0.11 -0.24
2- 7 11.65 0.00 0.70 -2.32 14.93 0.00 0.68 -2.91 1.80 0.00 0.06 -0.32
2- 8 7.97 -0.66 0.34 -3.00 10.22 -0.71 0.30 -3.48 1.04 -0.06 0.03 -0.42
2- 9 3.66 -2.95 0.08 -3.73 3.69 -4.26 0.08 -4.05 0.32 -0.49 0.01 -0.53
2-10 0.00 -9.19 0.00 -4.46 0.00 -10.20 0.00 -4.62 0.00 -1.65 0.00 -0.66
Right
Note: Unfactored live load results computed at 4.00 ft and 0 ft fill depths, per LRFD 3.6.1.2.6

Sht:____of____
--------------------
A1 Top Corner Bar -34.7 15.46 28.58 11.00 14.44
A100 Top Slab (int) 58.0 4.01 36.82 4.00 12.40
B2 Ext Wall (ext) -16.5 15.46 20.77 11.00 22.56
Serviceability Check: Live Load Deflection
--------------------
Deflection Ratio of Top Slab = 1/3718 (Limit = 1/800)

--------------------------------------------------
Loc Dist. Moment A. F. Mu ds Ma As 1.2Mcr IR OR
BOT 0.00 0.0# 13.34 0.00 9.86 4.52 0.90 0.00b 23.83 NC NC
MID 41.80 0.00 8.84 9.88 10.19 12.25 0.90 0.21b 23.83 NC NC
MID- 52.25 -23.20 22.58 30.09 10.06 35.46 0.90 0.65b 23.83 2.18 2.83
TOP 8.50 -50.30 22.58 59.56 9.86 62.70 0.90 1.39a 23.83 1.65 2.13
LT 6.00 -48.91 10.19 89.17 14.36 88.70 0.90 1.39a 47.82 3.09 4.01
MID 150.00 84.83 5.80 89.97 15.13 87.60 0.90 1.32a 47.82 1.08 1.39
RT 6.00 -48.91 10.19 89.17 14.36 88.70 0.90 1.39a 47.82 3.09 4.01
---------------------------------------------------------
BOT 0.00 1.70 1.3 13.34 9.86 15.06 2.000 45.00 16.73b 0.00 0.00 0.00 NC NC
MID 52.25 3.18 0.0 8.84 10.07 15.36 2.000 45.00 17.07b 0.00 0.00 0.00 NC NC
MID- 52.25 3.18 -23.2 22.58 9.68 14.77 2.000 45.00 16.41b 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.44 5.76
TOP 17.50 -9.23 -50.3 22.58 9.05 13.81 2.000 45.00 15.35b 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.49 3.23
LT 19.05 20.06 -48.9 10.19 13.55 20.00* 1.934 44.35 22.23a 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.99 1.29
MID 150.00 3.39 84.8 5.80 14.35 17.14 1.566 48.22 19.05a 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.05 6.55
RT 19.05 20.06 -48.9 10.19 13.55 20.00* 1.934 44.35 22.23a 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.99 1.29
>>>Warning: Overstress due to fixed thickness

Sht:____of____
----------------------------------------
Bottom
1- 0 0.000 0.000 13.339 22.581 1.703 -3.924
1- 1 1.005 -3.683 8.844 22.581 0.605 -4.535
1- 2 1.080 -7.880 8.844 22.581 -0.432 -5.104
1- 3 0.278 -12.555 8.844 22.581 -1.408 -5.633
1- 4 -1.346 -17.673 8.844 22.581 -2.322 -6.120
1- 5 -3.740 -23.197 8.844 22.581 -3.175 -6.843
1- 6 -6.849 -29.092 8.844 22.581 -3.967 -7.634
1- 7 -10.621 -35.323 8.844 22.581 -4.697 -8.364
1- 8 -15.003 -41.854 8.844 22.581 -5.280 -9.033
1- 9 -19.939 -48.685 8.844 22.581 -5.562 -9.640
1-10 -25.378 -57.318 8.844 22.581 -5.804 -10.186
Top
Left
2- 0 -25.422 -57.363 6.518 10.186 22.581 8.844
2- 1 1.890 -15.110 5.804 10.186 18.614 7.015
2- 2 37.746 9.691 5.804 6.518 14.774 5.262
2- 3 63.856 20.653 5.804 6.518 10.957 3.508
2- 4 79.569 27.230 5.804 6.518 7.163 0.356
2- 5 84.829 29.422 5.804 6.518 3.392 -3.392
2- 6 79.569 27.230 5.804 6.518 -0.356 -7.163
2- 7 63.856 20.653 5.804 6.518 -3.508 -10.957
2- 8 37.746 9.691 5.804 6.518 -5.262 -14.774
2- 9 1.890 -15.110 5.804 10.186 -7.015 -18.614
2-10 -25.422 -57.363 6.518 10.186 -8.844 -22.581
Right

Three-Sided Precast Culvert with 0˚ skew, LRFD Specs
2.1 Input
2.3 Loads
2.14 Load Rating

Description: Eriksson Culvert verification problem 2. Design of a single cell three sided precast culvert with
no skew
Specifications: AASHTO LRFD Specifications for Highway Bridges, 5th edition, 2010
References:
3
2.1 Input
Materials: Box Concrete: fc'  5 ksi wc  0.150 kcf Exposure  "Class 1"
K1  1.0 Aggmax  0.75in

tts  17in twa  12in hauncht  8 in

Soil Fill: H s  4 ft
Reinforcement : coverte  2 in coverwe  1.5in
Cover
coverti  1.5in coverwi  1.5in

Future Wearing Surface: wws  100 psf
Water Density: ww  62.4pcf

Modifiers: Redundancy ηR  1.0 Importance ηI  1.0 Importance ηD  1.0

Design_Span  Clear_Span  twa Design_Span  25 ft

Design_Span L
 17.647  4  ft
tts cos ( skew)
c12.14.5.4 
 "Shear Transfer Not Adequate" if Design_Span  10ft  tts

 30

  c12.14.5.4  "Shear Transfer Adequate"
 Hs  2 ft 
  (LRFD 12.14.5.4)
 "Shear Transfer Adequate" otherwise 
2.3 Loads
Dead Loads (DC):
top slab: wdts  wc tts 1 ft wdts  0.212  klf
2
single haunch: hauncht
wdha  wc 1 ft  wdha  0.033  kip
weight 2
wall weight wwall  twa Ht wc 1 ft wwall  1.2 kip
Wearing Surface (DW): wdw  wws 1 ft wdw  0.1 klf

Bc  26 ft
width
Fe  min1  0.2 1.15 if Fill_type = "compacted"
  Fe  1.031
 Hs 
min 1  0.2 1.4 otherwise
 Bc  (LRFD 12.11.2.2)
 
we  Fe γs Hs 1 ft we  0.495  klf
pressures
Minimum Case
weh_top_min  γsmin Hs 1 ft weh_top_min  0.12 klf
 
weh_bot_min  γsmin H s  H t  tts  1 ft weh_bot_min  0.403  klf
Maximum Case
weh_top_max  γsmax  Hs 1 ft weh_top_max  0.24 klf

weh_bot_max  γsmax  H s  H t  tts  1 ft  weh_bot_max  0.805  klf

Live Load :
wsllmin.h  γsmin LSht 1 ft wsllmin.h  0.06 klf
Surcharge (LS) Minimum Case
wsllmax.h  γsmax  LSht 1 ft wsllmax.h  0.12 klf

Maximum Case

(WA)
Use of HL-93 truck and tandem loading w/ lane load will be used according to Article 3.6.1.3.3 for
Live Loads : three sided culverts with a span exceeding 15'. Axle loads will be distributed over an equivalent
(LL) contact area per Article 3.6.1.2.6 for fill depth greater than 2ft. For fills greater than 2ft the
distribution width for a wheel load is not limited to length of the culvert. Also according to LRFD
3.6.1.2.6 when several wheels overlap, the total load is uniformly distributed over the area. This
option is chosen in analysis options dialog box.
 Hs 
DLA  0.33 1  0.125   DLA  16.5 % (LRFD 3.6.2.2)
 ft 
Axle_Spacingtandem  4 ft
Wheel_Loadtandem12  12.5kip N lanes  1

 1.2 
  Axle_Spacingtruck  14ft
 1.00 
MPFLRFD  Wheel_Gage  6 ft Wheel_Loadtruck1  4 kip
  Lane_Sep  4 ft Wheel_Loadtruck23  16kip
0.65  Fill_SlopeLRFD  1.15
Tire_Width  20in
Lane_Load  0.64klf
(LRFD Table 3.6.1.1.2-1) (LRFD 3.6.1.3.1) (LRFD 3.6.1.2 & 3.6.1.3) (LRFD 3.6.1.2.6) (LRFD 3.6.1.2.5)
T T
n axle.Truck  3 Paxle.Truck  ( 8 32 32 )  kip SPaxle.Truck  ( 14 14 ) ft (LRFD 3.6.1.2.2)
T
n axle.Tandem  2 Paxle.Tandem  ( 25 25 )  kip SPaxle.Tandem  ( 4 )ft (LRFD 3.6.1.2.3)
For the top slab:

Dis_LengthL  H s Fill_SlopeLRFD  Tire_Length Dis_LengthL  5.433  ft
(LRFD 3.6.1.2.6)
Dis_Width T  Tire_Width  H s Fill_SlopeLRFD Dis_Width T  6.267  ft
Check if areas overlap and if so distribute uniformly over the area

checkoverlap  if Dis_WidthT  Wheel_Gage "Areas Overlap" "No Overlap use indivdual areas" 
checkoverlap  "Areas Overlap"

N Lanes  4
 
Waxle p axle saxle naxle  Al  for q  1  naxle
if Dis_LengthL  min saxle  

DisL  Dis_LengthL 
 saxle
DisWid  H s Fill_SlopeLRFD  qq Wheel_Gage  ( qq  1 )  Lane_Sep 

qq
 Tire_Width
 paxle qq MPFLRFD qq

 ( 1  DLA)
Axleload 
qq DisWid  DisL
qq
Axleload
otherwise
DisWid  Hs Fill_SlopeLRFD  qq Wheel_Gage  ( qq  1 )  Lane_Sep 

qq q
 Tire_Width
paxle  qq MPFLRFD  ( 1  DLA)
q qq
Axleload 
qq q DisWid  Dis_LengthL
qq q

T
q  
Maxaxle
 max Al  if Dis_LengthL  min saxle  

Al otherwise
Truck:

WTruck  Waxle Paxle.Truck SPaxle.Truck n axle.Truck  T
WTruck  ( 0.168 0.671 0.671 )  ksf
Tandem:

Wtandem  Waxle Paxle.Tandem SPaxle.Tandem n axle.Tandem  T
Wtandem  ( 0.604 )  ksf
Lane Loading:
Lane_Loadarea  for i  1  4
0.053 
Dist_Widthi  Hs Fill_SlopeLRFD  i  10ft  
 0.052 
Lane_Loadarea   ksf
Lane_Load i MPFLRFD 0.047 
Lane_Loadarea 
i  
i Dist_Widthi 0.037 
This is the load used as a distributed
Lane_Loadarea load per foot width, for both the top and
bottom slab
The corresponding lane width for the controlling lane load case
Caselane 
 match max Lane_Loadarea Lane_Loadarea Caselane  1
Dist_Width  Hs Fill_SlopeLRFD  Caselane  10ft Dist_Width  14.6 ft

Load Modifier: 
ηmax  max ηR  ηI ηD 0.95  (LRFD 1.3.2.1-2) ηmax  1
ηmin  min
 1 
1.0 (LRFD 1.3.2.1-3) ηmin  1

Load Min. Max
DC 0.90 1.25 1.0 -
DW 0.65 1.50 1.0 -
EV 0.90 1.30 1.0 -
EH 0.90 1.35 1.0 -
LL 1.75 1.75 1.0 0.75
LS 1.75 1.75 1.0 -
WA 0.00 1.00 1.0 -

Properties:
h  twa h  twa h  tts h  tts cover  coverwe cover  coverwe cover  coverte
1 3 5 7 1 4 7
cover  coverwi cover  coverte
h  twa h  twa h  tts 2 5
2 4 6
cover  coverwe cover  coverti
3 6
T T
h  ( 12 12 12 12 17 17 17 )  in cover  ( 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2 1.5 2 )  in
A structural analysis was performed using a standard commercial matrix-analysis software. The three-sided culvert
model was assumed to be a rigid two dimensional frame.The haunches are not included in the structural analysis
model which is shown in Figure 2.


Exterior Wall:
 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0.00  0.00 

 
 0.31
 0.67  1.55 1.9 0.36 0 0.00  1.02   0.16

 1.34  3.1  0.63 3.23 0.64 0 0.00  2.04   0.33 
 2.00  4.65  0.94 4.03 0.82 0 0.00  3.06   0.49

 
 2.67  6.2  1.25 4.34 0.91 0 0.00  4.08   0.66 
Mwa   3.34  7.75  1.57 4.19 0.91 0 0.00  5.10   0.82  kip ft
 
 4.01  9.3  1.88 3.63 0.82 0 0.00  6.12   0.99 
 4.68  10.85  2.19 2.70 0.64 0 0.00  7.14   1.15 
 
 5.34  12.4  2.51 1.44 0.37 0 0.00  8.16   1.32 
 6.01  13.95  2.82  0.12 0.01 0 0.00  9.18   1.48 
 
 6.68  15.5  3.13  1.93  0.45 0 0.00  10.20   1.65 
 0.77  1.78  0.36 2.52 0.47 0 0.00  1.17   0.19 

 
 1.78  0.36 1.84
 0.77 0.37 0 0.00  1.17   0.19

 0.77  1.78  0.36 1.21 0.26 0 0.00  1.17   0.19 
 0.77  1.78  0.36 0.62 0.16 0 0.00  1.17   0.19

 
 0.77  1.78  0.36 0.08 0.05 0 0.00  1.17   0.19 
Vwa   0.77  1.78  0.36  0.41  0.05 0 0.00  1.17   0.19   kip
 
 0.77  1.78  0.36  0.87  0.16 0 0.00  1.17   0.19 
 0.77  1.78  0.36  1.27  0.26 0 0.00  1.17   0.19 
 
 0.77  1.78  0.36  1.63  0.36 0 0.00  1.17   0.19 
 0.77  1.78  0.36  1.94  0.47 0 0.00  1.17   0.19 
 
 0.77  1.78  0.36  2.21  0.57 0 0.00  1.17   0.19 
Pwa  (  2.74  6.18  1.25 0 0 0 0  4.62 )  kip

Top Slab:
 6.68  15.5  3.13  1.96  0.45 0 0.0  0.0  10.21   1.65 

 
 1.59  0.32  1.96  0.45 0
 0.66 3.69  0.32  4.26   0.49

 3.99 9.24 1.87  1.96  0.45 0 10.22  1.04  0.71   0.06 
 7.31 16.97 3.43  1.96  0.45 0 14.93  1.80 0.00

 
 9.30 21.61 4.37  1.96  0.45 0 17.74  2.30 0.00 
Mts   9.96 23.15 4.68  1.96  0.45 0 18.69  2.46 0.00  kip ft
 
 9.30 21.61 4.37  1.96  0.45 0 17.74  2.30 0.00 
 7.31 16.97 3.43  1.96  0.45 0 14.93  1.80 0.00 
 
 3.99 9.24 1.87  1.96  0.45 0 10.22  1.04  0.71   0.06 
 0.66  1.59  0.32  1.96  0.45 0 3.69  0.32  4.26   0.49 
 
 6.68  15.5  3.13  1.96  0.45 0 0.00  0.00  10.21   1.65 
 2.74 6.18 1.25 0 0 0 4.62  0.66 0.00  0.00 

 
1 0 0 0 4.05  0.53  0.08   0.01
 2.13 4.95

 1.59 3.71 0.75 0 0 0 3.48  0.42  0.34   0.03 
 1.06 2.47 0.5 0 0 0 2.91  0.32  0.70   0.06

 
 0.53 1.24 0.25 0 0 0 2.34  0.24  1.20   0.11 
Vts   0 0 0 0 0 0 1.77  0.16  1.77   0.16   kip
 
 0.53  1.24  0.25 0 0 0 1.20  0.11  2.34   0.24 
 1.06  2.47  0.5 0 0 0 0.70  0.06  2.91   0.32 
 
 1.59  3.71  0.75 0 0 0 0.34  0.03  3.48   0.42 
 2.13  4.95 1 0 0 0 0.08  0.01  4.05   0.53 
 
 2.74  6.18  1.25 0 0 0 0.00  0.0  4.62   0.66 
Pts  (  0.77  1.78  0.36  2.21  0.57 0 0  1.17 )  kip

Load Combinations:
Strength II: N/A
 
Str1.c Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2
C1  γDC.min Intf  γEV.min Intf  γDW.min  Intf  γEH Intf  γLS  Intf  γWA.min Intf
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6
C2  γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γEH  Intf  γLS Intf  γWA.min Intf  γLL Intf
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 i 6 j
C3  γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γEH.min Intf  γWA Intf  γLL Intf
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 6 i 6 j
Cc  augment C 1 C 2 C 3  

i i
  
 if j = 1 max C c
T
Cp  minCcT 
i j       
Comboi j  if C p = C 1 1 if Cp = C2 2 3
 i j i j  i j i j 
Combo

TSstr1c.m  Str1.c Mts 11  WAstr1c.m  Str1.c Mwa 11  

TSstr1c.v  Str1.c Vts 11  WAstr1c.v  Str1.c Vwa 11  
 
Str1 C Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2
Cp  γDC.min Intf  γEV.min Intf  γDW.min  Intf  γEH Intf  if Ci j = 1
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4
i 5 i 6
γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γEH  Intf  γLS Intf  if Ci j = 2
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5
i 6 i 6 j
γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γEH.min Intf  γWA Intf  γLL Intf otherwise
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 6 i 6 j
Cp


Mstr1.ts  Str1 TSstr1c.m Mts 11  
Mstr1.wa  Str1 WAstr1c.m Mwa 11 
Vstr1.ts  Str1 TSstr1c.v Vts 11 Vstr1.wa  Str1 WAstr1c.v Vwa 11
Pstr1.ts  Str1 TSstr1c.m Pts 11 Pstr1.wa  Str1 WAstr1c.m Pwa 11
 
Sv1.c Intf i 2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i 2

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
γsmin
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 γsmax i 6 i 6 j
C c  augment C1 C2 C3  

i i
  
 if j = 1 maxCc
T
i j       
Combo i j  if Cp = C1 1 if C p = C 2 2 3
 i j i j  i j i j 
Combo
TSsv1c.m  Sv1.c Mts 11   WAsv1c.m  Sv1.c Mwa 11  


TSsv1c.v  Sv1.c Vts 11  WAsv1c.v  Sv1.c Vwa 11  
 
Sv1 C Intf i 2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i 2

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5
Intf  Intf  Intf  Intf  Intf  Intf if C i j = 2

i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
γsmin
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 γsmax i 6 i 6 j
Cp

Ms1.ts  Sv1 TSsv1c.m Mts 11  
Ms1.wa  Sv1 WAsv1c.m Mwa 11 
Vs1.ts  Sv1 TSsv1c.v Vts 11 Vs1.wa  Sv1 WAsv1c.v Vwa 11
Ps1.ts  Sv1 TSsv1c.m Pts 11 Ps1.wa  Sv1 WAsv1c.m Pwa 11

Mstr1  augment Mstr1.waMstr1.ts  
Ms1  augment Ms1.wa Ms1.ts 
Vstr1  augment Vstr1.waVstr1.ts Vs1  augment Vs1.wa Vs1.ts
Pstr1  augment Pstr1.waPstr1.ts Ps1  augment Ps1.wa Ps1.ts

Exterior Wall Top Slab Exterior Wall Top Slab
+ Mom - Mom + Mom - Mom + Mom - Mom + Mom - Mom
 0 0  25.43  57.383   0 0  26.29  39.58 

   
 3.673  15.118
 0.996 1.881
  0.27  2.76 0.46  9.73

 1.075  7.891 37.746 9.689    1.2  5.825 25.38 11.92 
 0.28  12.54 63.857 20.648
   2.74  9.125 43.46 25.3

   
  1.344  17.662 79.579 27.226    4.87  12.69 54.34 32.87 
Mstr1    3.752  23.194 84.814 29.407   kip ft Ms1    7.56  16.485 57.96 35.38   kip ft
   
  6.866  29.098 79.579 27.226   10.74  20.485 54.34 32.87 
10.636  35.317 63.857 20.648   14.38  24.66 43.46 25.3 
   
15.006  41.854 37.746 9.689   18.44  29.01 25.38 11.92 
19.941  48.677 1.881  15.118   22.84  33.55 0.46  9.73 
   
  25.39  57.325  25.43  57.383   26.275  39.54  26.29  39.58 
Exterior Wall Top Slab Exterior Wall Top Slab

+ Shear - Shear + Shear - Shear + Shear - Shear + Shear - Shear
 1.696  3.928 22.574 8.841   0.08  3.01 15.45 10.17 

   
 4.54
 0.603 18.613 7.022
  0.7  3.35 12.66 7.99

 0.44  5.108 14.761 5.257   1.44  3.665 9.95 5.68 
1.412  5.639 10.938 3.502
  2.13  3.96 7.26 3.27

   
2.333  6.125 7.165 0.357   2.78  4.23 4.6 0.71 
Vstr1    3.17  6.838 3.377  3.377   kip Vs1   3.115  4.73 1.93  1.93   kip
   
3.983  7.651  0.357  7.165   3.345  5.3  0.71  4.6 
4.699  8.366  3.502  10.938   3.545  5.8  3.27  7.26 
   
5.284  9.027  5.257  14.761   3.725  6.26  5.68  9.95 
5.563  9.638  7.022  18.613   3.88  6.68  7.99  12.66 
   
5.806  10.177  8.841  22.574   4.015  7.05  10.17  15.45 
Exterior Wall Top Slab

Exterior Wall Top Slab
+ Axial - Axial + Axial - Axial
+ Axial - Axial + Axial - Axial
8.841  8.841  6.51  9.845   10.17  10.17  4.015  6.86 
   
8.841  21.419  5.806  9.845
  10.17  14.79  4.015  6.86

8.841  21.419  5.806  6.51   10.17  14.79  4.015  6.86 
8.841  21.419  5.806  6.51
  10.17  14.79  4.015  5.69

   
8.841  21.419  5.806  6.51   10.17  14.79  4.015  5.69 
Pstr1   8.841  21.419  5.806  6.51   kip Ps1   10.17  14.79  4.015  5.69   kip
   
8.841  21.419  5.806  6.51   10.17  14.79  4.015  5.69 
8.841  21.419  5.806  6.51   10.17  14.79  4.015  5.69 
   
8.841  21.419  5.806  6.51   10.17  14.79  4.015  6.86 
8.841  21.419  5.806  9.845   10.17  14.79  4.015  6.86 
   
8.841  21.419  6.51  9.845   10.17  14.79  4.015  6.86 

The location of the critical section for moment design is located at the face of support per LRFD C5.7.3.2.1 when
haunches are not considered. The location of the critical section for shear is located dv from the face of the support per
Design_Height  Ht  0.5 tts Design_Height  8.708  ft Design_Span  25 ft i  1  7 j  1  11
 0.0001in   0   "BOT" 
 0.5 Design_Height  52.25  "MID +" 
      exterior wall
 0.5 Design_Height  52.25   "MID -" 
Design_Height  t  0.5 
CS moment   96   in
CS moment    "TOP" 
ts      -------------------
 twa 0.5   6   "LT" 
   150   "MID" 
 0.5 Design_Span      top slab
Design_Span  t  0.5   294   "RT" 
 wa 
Db
d s.assume  hi  coveri  d v.assume  max0.9 d s.assume 0.72 hi
i 2 i  i 
 0.0001in

 0.5 Design_Height   0   "BOT" 
 52.25  "MID +" 
 0.5 Design_Height      exterior wall
   52.25   "MID -" 
Design_Height  tts 0.5  dv.assume 
CS shear   87   in
CS shear   4  "TOP" 
     -------------------
 twa 0.5  dv.assume   19.05   "LT" 
 5   150   "MID" 
 0.5 Design_Span      top slab
  280.95   "RT" 
Design_Span  twa 0.5  dv.assume7 
 
LB  1 UB  1
j max  last( vector) j max  last( vector)
j j 1 j j 1
LB  j  1 UB  j
break if j  j max break if j  j max
LB UB

L wa  Design_Height [ 0.1 ( j  1 ) ] L ts  Design_Span [ 0.1 ( j  1 ) ]
j j
 
Intforce CS L Intf h 1 h 2 t1 t2  for h  h 1  h2
for t  t1  t2
tracel  LB L CS t  
t
traceh  UB L CS t  
t
CSt  L trace
l
t
Per t 
L trace  Ltrace
h l
t t
Intforce  Per t Intf trace h  Intf trace h  Intf trace h
t h h l l
 t t  t
Intforce

Mstr1.wall  Intforce CS moment L wa Mstr1 1 2 1 4  
Vstr1.wall  Intforce CS shear Lwa Vstr1 1 2 1 4 

Mstr1.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts Mstr1 3 4 5 7  
Vstr1.ts  Intforce CSshear L ts Vstr1 3 4 5 7
Ms1.wall  Intforce  CS moment L wa Ms1 1 2 1 4  Vs1.wall  Intforce CS shear Lwa Vs1 1 2 1 4 
Ms1.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts Ms1 3 4 5 7  Vs1.ts  Intforce CSshear L ts Vs1 3 4 5 7 
Pstr1.wall  Intforce CS moment L wa Pstr1 1 2 1 4  Ps1.wall  Intforce CS moment L wa Ps1 1 2 1 4 
Pstr1.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts Pstr1 3 4 5 7  Ps1.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts Ps1 3 4 5 7 
Mstr1.all  stack Mstr1.wall submatrix Mstr1.ts 5 7 3 4   Ms1.all  stack Ms1.wall submatrix Ms1.ts 5 7 3 4  
Vstr1.all  stack Vstr1.wall submatrix Vstr1.ts 5 7 3 4   Vs1.all  stack Vs1.wall submatrix Vs1.ts 5 7 3 4  
Pstr1.all  stack Pstr1.wall submatrix Pstr1.ts 5 7 3 4   Ps1.all  stack Ps1.wall submatrix Ps1.ts 5 7 3 4  
Section  ( "Pos" "Pos" "Neg" "Neg" "Neg" "Pos" "Neg" )

 
Msr1 Mst  for g  1  7  
Vsr1 Vsr  for g  1  4
Caseg  2 if  SectionT  g = "Neg" Caseg  2 if  SectionT  g = "Neg"

1 otherwise 1 otherwise
Mstr  Mst if  Section  g = "Neg"

T Vstr  Vsr
 
g 
g  Case
g  g g  Case
g
for g  5  7
max 0 Mst  otherwise

 
g  Case 
g  Vstr  max Vsr  Vsr 
g  g 1 g 2 
Mstr
Vstr
 
Psr1 Pst  for g  1  7
Caseg  2 if  SectionT  g = "Neg"

1 otherwise
Pstr  Pst
g 
g  Case
g 
Pstr  1
Mstr1  Msr1 Mstr1.all   Vstr1  Vsr1 Vstr1.all   

N str1  Psr1 Pstr1.all
 0.00   1.70   8.84 
 0.00  3.17   8.84 
     
23.19  6.84  21.42 
Mstr1   50.29   kip ft Vstr1   9.23   kip N str1  21.42   kip
     
48.93  20.06   9.84 
 84.81   3.38   5.81 
     
48.93  20.06   9.84 
Ms1  Msr1 Ms1.all   Vs1  Vsr1 Vs1.all   
N s1  Psr1 Ps1.all 
 0.00   0.08  10.17 
 0.00   3.12  10.17 
     
 16.48   4.73  14.79 
Ms1   34.67   kip ft Vs1   6.40   kip N s1  14.79   kip
     
 33.61  13.68   6.86 
 57.96   1.93   4.01 
     
 33.61  13.68   6.86 
Md.wa  Mwa
j j 1
 γDC  Mwa
j 2
 γEV  Mwa
j 3
 γDW  Mwa
j 4
 γEH 
Mp.wall  Intforce CS moment L wa Md.wa 1 1 1 4 
Md.ts  Mts
j j 1
 γDC  Mts
j 2
 γEV  Mts
j 3
 γDW  Mts
j 4
 γEH 
Mp.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts Md.ts 1 1 5 7 

Md  stack Mp.wallsubmatrix Mp.ts 5 7 1 1  
T
Maximum Factored Permanent Moments Md  ( 0  10.948  10.948  31.115  29.876 46.919  29.876 )  kip ft

1.5
 wc  fc'
Modulus of Elasticity: Ec  33000 ksi  K1    Ec  4286.83  ksi (LRFD 5.4.2.4)
 kcf  ksi

e min  max 1 in 0.1 hi  T
e min  ( 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.7 1.7 1.7 )  in
i
 Mstr1 
i T
cecc  ( "NG" "NG" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
i  i Nstr1 
 i 
 Mstr1 Mstr1 
Mstr1  if e min  
i i
Mstr1 emin  N str1  1 on error
i  i N str1 i i i Mstr1 
 i i 
T
Mstr1  (  0.884 0.884  23.194  50.291  48.93 84.814  48.93 )  kip ft
Slenderness Effects Evaluation (Walls Only) q  1  4 (LRFD 5.7.4.3)
Radius of Gyration r  0.3 twa r  3.6 in (LRFD C.5.7.4.3)
 k Ht 
slendercheck  if   22 "OK Ignore Slenderness" "NG Slenderness effects must be considered" 
 r 
slendercheck  "NG Slenderness effects must be considered"
Md
β d 
q Mstr1
q T

β d  8.145  10
6
12.384 0.472 0.619 
q
3
twa  b Ec Ig
C m  1 Ig  ϕk  0.75 EIq  (LRFD 5.7.4.3-2)
12 2.5 1  βd 
  q
2
π  EIq
Pc  T
Pc  ( 793.292 59.27 538.911 490.086 )  kip
 k Ht
q 2
 Cm 
δq  min1.0   T
   Nstr1   (LRFD 4.5.3.2.2) δ  (1 1 1 1 )
 1   q 

   ϕk Pc   Mstr1  δq  Mstr1
   q   q q

0   "BOT"  12 
5  "MID +"  18 
    exterior wall  
7   "MID -"  11 
Bar NO  10   "TOP"  spacing  11 
in
    -------------------   ft
10   "LT"  11 
6   "MID"  4 
    top slab  
10   "RT"  11 
T 2
Bar A  Bar ASBarNO  Bar A  ( 0 0.31 0.6 1.27 1.27 0.44 1.27 )  in
 i i
T
Bar D  BarDB BarNO  Bar D  ( 0 0.625 0.875 1.27 1.27 0.75 1.27 )  in
i  i
Effective Depth to the non-prestressed reinforcing (LRFD 5.7.3.2.2) q  2  7

Bar D
q
d s  h q  coverq 
q 2
T
d s  minds d s ds  d s  ( 9.86 10.19 10.06 9.86 14.36 15.12 14.36 )  in
1  2 3 4
BarD
  q T
d c  min coverq 2 in  d c  h  d s d c  ( 2.14 1.81 1.94 2.14 2.64 1.87 2.64 )  in
q 2 1 1 1
   fc'  4ksi 
  ksi 
Mstr1
i T
R n  R n  ( 0.01 0.009 0.241 0.544 0.25 0.39 0.25 )  ksi
i 2
ϕf  b d s 
 i
 2 Rn 
 fc' i  T
ρreq  0.85  1  1  ρreq  ( 0.0002 0.0001 0.0041 0.0097 0.0043 0.0068 0.0043 )
i fy 0.85 fc' 
 
T 2
As_req  ρreq  ds  b As_req  ( 0.019 0.018 0.5 1.152 0.739 1.24 0.739 )  in
i i i
 BarA 
spacingreq  
i 
T
i  As_req  spacingreq  ( 0 203.408 14.404 13.224 20.609 4.257 20.609 )
 i
csp  if spacingreq  spacingi "OK" "NG"  T

i  i  csp  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

As.req_new( i )  As_req2  As_req
i
Ma  1 kip ft
while Ma  Mstr1
i
2 2 2
As_req2  As_req2  0.005 in if 1.45in  As_req2  1.15in
2
As_req2  fy
c
0.85 fc' β1 b
 β1 c 
Mn2  As_req2  fy d s  
 i 2 

Po2  0.85 fc' b h i  As_req  As_req2 fy 
Ptc2  0.31875  fc' b β 1  ds  As_req2 fy
i
 hi   hi 
Mtc2  0.31875  fc' b β 1  ds    0.1875 β 1  ds   As_req2 fy ds  
i 2 i  i 2
0.003  Es ds 
ab  β 1
 i
 0.003  Es  fy
 hi 
 
Mcc  0.85 fc' b a b hi  ab  0.5  As_req2 fy ds  
 i 2
Pcc  0.85 fc' b a b  As_req2 fy
 i
Mn.all 
 o2 cc 
 Mtc2  Mcc 
 
 Mtc2  Mn2 
 
Mcc if Nstr1 = Pcc
i 0.019 
Mtc2 otherwise
0.018 
 
ϕ 0.75 if Nstr1  Pcc  0.52 
 1.157   in
i 2
As.req_new( i )
 
i 0.759 
1.275 
 ( 0.75  0.90)   M
  n.all  Mtc2
0.90   otherwise  
  Mcc  Mtc2 
0.759 
Ma  ϕ Mn.all
As_req2

Bar A
i T 2
As  As  ( 0 0.21 0.65 1.39 1.39 1.32 1.39 )  in
i spacingi
As  fy
i
ci  T
0.85 fc' β1 b c  ( 0 0.3 0.96 2.04 2.04 1.94 2.04 )  in
 ds  ci 
 i 
εt  0.003  
i
 ci 
 T
 5
εt  2.012  10 0.098 0.028 0.012 0.018 0.02 0.018 
 ci 
i  ds 
 i 
T
cy  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
Compute the allowable Moment capacity based on a P-M diagram. Four Points exist on
the curve and a straight line assumption is used to determine the allowable moment
capacity.

a i  β 1  ci T
a  ( 0 0.24 0.77 1.63 1.63 1.55 1.63 )  in
 ai 
Mn  As  fy ds   T
i i  i 2 Mn  ( 0 10.401 31.672 62.692 93.865 94.7 93.865 )  kip ft
T
Mr  ϕf  Mn Mr  ( 0 9.88 30.09 59.56 89.17 89.97 89.17 )  kip ft
i i
T
Po  0.85 fc' b  hi  As   As  fy Po  ( 612 623.522 648.491 689.239 944.239 940.59 944.239 )  kip
i  i i
 hi   hi 
Ptc  0.31875  fc' b  β 1 d s  As  fy Mtc  0.31875  fc' b  β 1 d s    0.1875 β 1 d s   As  fy ds  
i i i i i 2 i i  i 2
T
Ptc  ( 150.934 143.469 114.684 67.807 136.657 152.212 136.657 )  kip
T
Mtc  ( 56.855 62.413 70.909 83.629 156.844 163.891 156.844 )  kip ft
0.003  Es ds 
a b  β 1 
 i
Pcc  0.85 fc' b a b  As  fy  hi 
i  0.003  Es  fy  i i i Mcc  0.85 fc' b a b  h i  a b   0.5  As  fy d s 
i i  i i  i 2

T
Pcc  ( 238.21 233.597 203.706 155.082 263.744 286.022 263.744 )  kip
T
Mcc  ( 72.745 77.886 86.551 99.519 188.028 193.448 188.028 )  kip ft
Pdia  0 kip Ptc Pcc Po  Mdia  Mn Mtc Mcc 0 kip ft 

i  i i i i  i i i 

Mn.all   i i
 i i
 N  P   Mtc if Ptc  N str1  Pcc 600 Ext. Wall Mid -

 Ptc  Pcc   str1i tci i i i i Ext. Wall Top
 i i
 Mtc  Mn 
 i i
 N   Mn if Nstr1  Ptc 400
 i 
Mcc if Nstr1 = Pcc
i i i 200
Mtc otherwise
i
i i
0
0 20 40 60 80 100
i i
0.90  
 ( 0.75  0.90)   M
 
T
ϕ  ( 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 )
Ma  ϕi Mn.all T
i i Ma  ( 3 12.25 35.1 62.38 88.56 87.61 88.56 )  kip ft
ccap  if Ma  Mstr1 "OK" "NG"  T

i  i i  ccap  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
fc'
Modulus of Rupture: fr  0.37ksi (LRFD 5.4.2.6) fr  0.827  ksi
ksi
Gross Moment of Inertia:

b hi  3
Ig 
i 12
Distance to Extreme: hi
yi 
Neutral Axis 2
Ig
i
Section Modulus: Sc 
i yi
Mcr  fr Sc T
i i 1.2 Mcr  ( 23.83 23.83 23.83 23.83 47.82 47.82 47.82 )  kip ft
c3.3.2  if Ma  min1.2 Mcr 1.33 Mstr1  "OK" "NG"  (LRFD 5.7.3.3.2)
i  i  i i 
T
c3.3.2  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
 As 
 i 
c4.3.2  if   0.001 "OK" "NG"  (LRFD 12.11.4.3.2)
i
 b hi 
T
c4.3.2  ( "NG" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )


700  γe dc
β s fss 
0.7 h  dc 
0.75 otherwise
 dc  As Es

β s  1 
i  ρi 
i
n  (LRFD 5.7.1) n  6.765
i  0.7hi  dc   b ds Ec
  i  i
Simplified Method Ms1.abs  Ms1
i i
 Ms1.abs hi    
ei 1
e i  max   ds  1.15 ds  j i  min0.9 0.74  0.1   i 12.11.3 
 Ns1 i 2 i   ds  i  ds 
 i    i   i
1  j i e 
 i 
 hi 
Ms1.abs  N s1  d s  
i i  i 2  700 in γe 
fss  (LRFD C.12.11.3) smax1  max   2  d c 0.00in (LRFD 5.7.3.4)
i As  j i i12.11.3  d s i  fss i 
i i i i
 βs  
 i ksi 
T
 7
fss  3.883  10 19.635 35.796 31.756 21.778 37.146 21.778  ksi 
T
smax1  ( 0 24.8 11.46 12.57 20.2 12.26 20.2 )  in

smax2  min 1.5 h i 18in  (LRFD 5.10.3.2)
i
T
smax  minsmax1 smax2  smax  ( 0 18 11.5 12.6 18 12.3 18 )  in
i  i i
cm.s  if smax  spacingi 1 ft "OK" "NG" 

i  i 
T
cm.s  ( "NG" "NG" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

Rigorous Method
h
Section Width b r  12 in Section Height h r  in
in
As 2 Ms1.abs
Area of Reinforcing steel As.r  in Applied Moment kip in
2 Mr 
in kip in
Effective depth ds Ns1
d r  in Applied Axial Load Pr  kip
in kip
Steel Centroid to
d c.r  dc
tension fiber
Guess x  3
Given
   h r 
 2   hr  As.r   h r  As.r
3 i  i  i i  i
Pr  d r  x  3 Mr  Pr  d r    3  Pr  d r x  6  n  Mr  Pr  dr     x  6  n Mr  Pr  d r    b  d =0
i i   i i  i 2  i 
i  i i  i 2  r r
b  d  i i  i 2  r r
i i
solution( i )  Find( x) xi  solution( i)
T
x  ( 1.825 1.76 0.321 0.37 0.307 0.277 0.307 ) in
  h r 
i 
2 ksiMr  Pr  dr  
xi  i i i 2   1 
j i  1  fc  fss  max 0.00001 ksi fc  n   1
3 i br xi d r  j i dr i
 i
 xi 
i i
T
fc  ( 0.094 0.094 1.482 2.499 1.301 2.089 1.301 )  ksi
 d c.r   700 in γe 


β s.r  1 
i  smax.r  min  2  d c.r 99in (LRFD 5.7.3.4)
i  0.7hr  in  dc.r   i  fss i 
  i i 
 βs.r 
i

 i ksi 
fss  ( 0 0 21.247 28.813 19.875 36.813 19.875 )  ksi
smax.r  ( 99 99 21.963 14.287 22.638 12.404 22.638 )  in
by 1-2% typically.
smin  max BarD 1 in 1.33 Aggmax (LRFD 5.10.3.1.2)

i  i 
i

i  i 
T
cmin.s  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

Temperature and Shrinkage Reinforcement
ii  1  2
Input Bar Size and  tts 
4  10    "C1-Top Slab" 
Spacing From Bar NO.ts    spacingts    in h ts   
ET Culvert 4  10  twa   "C1-Walls" 
 
Bar D.ts  BarDB BarNO.ts  T
 iiii Bar D.ts  ( 0.5 0.5 )  in
Bar A.ts  BarASBar NO.ts  T 2

ii  ii Bar A.ts  ( 0.2 0.2 )  in
BarA.ts 2
ii T in
As.ts  As.ts  ( 0.24 0.24 ) 
ii spacingts ft
ii
1.3 b hts
ii
As.ts.req 
ii b  hts  (LRFD 5.10.8)
fy
2
 ii

in ksi
h ts  max tts twa   As.ts.req  0.001  h ts b As.ts.req  0.204  in
2
check5.10.8_1  if As.ts.req  1 ft As.ts "OK" "NG" 

ii 
  ii 
T
check5.10.8_1  ( "OK" "OK" ) (LRFD 5.10.8-1)
check5.10.8_2  if 0.11in  1 ft  As.ts   ii  0.60in2 "OK" "NG" 

2 T
check5.10.8_2  ( "OK" "OK" ) (LRFD 5.10.8-2)
ii 

smax.ts  min 3  hts 18in
ii
 T
smax.ts  ( 18 18 )  in (LRFD 5.10.8)

smax.ts2  min 1.5 hts 18in
ii
 T
smax.ts2  ( 18 18 )  in (LRFD 5.10.3.2)
T
checkmax.ts  if spacingts  minsmax.ts smax.ts2  "OK" "NG"  checkmax.ts  ( "OK" "OK" )
ii  ii  ii ii 
Distribution Steel Reinforcement iii  1  1
Distribution steel is not required when the depth of fill is greater than 2ft according to LRFD Article 5.14.4.1. Therefore
Eriksson Culvert uses the temperature and shrinkage requirement for all distribution steel in this case
Input Distribution
Bar NO.ds  ( 4 ) spacingds  ( 10 )in ( "C100-Top Slab" )
steel from ET culvert
Bar D.ds  Bar DBBar NO.ds  T
 iii
iii Bar D.ds  ( 0.5 )  in
Bar A.ds  BarASBar NO.ds  T 2

iii  iii Bar A.ds  ( 0.2 )  in
BarA.ds 2
iii T in
As.ds  As.ds  ( 0.24 ) 
iii spacingds ft
iii
2
As.dis.top  As.ts.req As.dis.top  0.204  in
Distribution Steel is provided by bars C100

checktop.dis  if As.dis.top  As.ds  1 ft "OK" "NG"  checktop.dis  "OK"
 1 

The shear strength of non-prestressed concrete members follows the procedure of either the simplified procedure or general
procedure. Each method involves the calculation of the shear strength parameters β'E2 and θ'E8 for use in the nominal shear
resistance equation of LRFD 5.8.3.3-3. The shear strength of concrete is determined in Eriksson Culvert assuming all sections
contain less than the minimum transverse requirements of LRFD 5.8.2.5. Therefore, the simplified procedure is used for
culvert members under 16" and the general procedure is employed in Eriksson Culvert when the overall depth of the section is
16"
or greater using the provisions of LRFD Appendix B5 under the sectional design model.
 fc' 
Vc  min0.25 fc' b  dv 0.0316ksi  β  b d v 
 ksi 
The first step to obtain the shear parameters β and θ in the above equation, we need crack spacing parameter Sxe and the
longitudinal tensile strain εx.
First, compute Sxe:
  ai
d v  max 0.9d s
i  
  i 0.72 hi dsi  2  T
d v  ( 9.86 10.07 9.68 9.05 13.55 14.35 13.55 )  in
(LRFD 5.8.2.9)
sx  dv T
i i sx  ( 9.86 10.07 9.68 9.05 13.55 14.35 13.55 )  in (LRFD Figure B5.2-3)
  sx  1.38 
1  
80in
i
sxe   min T
i in   Aggmax  sxe  ( 9.865 10.066 9.677 9.05 13.55 14.349 13.55 ) (LRFD B5.2-4)
   0.63 
  in 
Compute : (moved to Appendix B5)
Step 1: Assumed initial value of  (see above): θi  20.4deg
A check of the minimum amount of reinforcement at each section follows LRFD 5.8.2.5 whereby the method for calculating
the shear strength varies.
b s
Av  0.0316 fc' LRFD 5.8.2.5
fy
No shear reinforcing is provided in this design and therefore the minimum reinforcing is not provided
Step 2: Compute x: using LRFD B5.2-2:

Mu
dv
 
 0.5 Nu  0.5 Vu  Vp  cot( θ)  Aps_ft fpo Note: Evaluation has been disabled for this
equation to enable it to be shown without first
εx  evaluating its parameters.
Ep Aps_ft  Es As 
 i
T
Mstr1  (  0.9 0.9  23.2  50.3  48.9 84.8  48.9 )  kip ft
Aps, Ep, Vp and Fpo are zero

To compute compute critical section assume:
 max Vstr1  d v  Mstr1  

   
 
i i i
 0.5 N str1  0.5 Vstr1   cot θi
 dv i  i 
εx  min 0.002
i
(LRFD B5.2-2)
i  Es As  
  i 
T
εx  (  153.53223  0.00092 0.00047 0.00108 0.00163 0.0019 0.00163 )

Step 3: If x < 0, x must be taken as:
hi
Ac  b
i 2
 max Vstr1  dv  Mstr1  
   
 
i i i
 0.5 Nstr1  0.5 Vstr1   cot θi
 dv i  i  
(LRFD B5.2-3)
εx2  max   0.0002
i
i  2  Ec Ac  Es As  
  i i  
T

εx2   7.21272  10
7
 8.75938  10
6
0.00001 0.00006 0.00007 0.00008 0.00007 
εx  if εx  0 εx2 εx 
i  i i i
T

εx   7.21272  10
7
 8.75938  10
6
0.00047 0.00108 0.00163 0.0019 0.00163 
Step 4: Now, knowing Sxe and x, a new value of  can be looked up in LRFD Table B5.2-2. This procedure has
been automated below using a double interpolation procedure.
Table 1: LRFD Table B5.2-2 for sections with less than minimum transverse reinforcement. Vector C is the column
headings (x), vector R is the row headings (Sxe), x are the  values, and x are the  values corresponding to the 
values. 25.4 25.5 25.9 26.4 27.7 28.9 30.9 32.4 33.7 35.6 37.2 
 
27.6 27.6 28.3 29.3 31.6 33.5 36.3 38.4 40.1 42.7 44.7 
29.5 29.5 29.7 31.1 34.1 36.5 39.9 42.4 44.4 47.4 49.7 
 0.20   
  31.2 31.2 31.2 32.3 36.0 38.8 42.7 45.5 47.6 50.9 53.4 
 0.10  θx    deg
 0.05  5  34.1 34.1 34.1 34.2 38.9 42.3 46.9 50.1 52.6 56.3 59.0 
 0.00     
10  36.6 36.6 36.6 36.6 41.2 45.0 50.2 53.7 56.3 60.2 63.0 
 
0.125  15  40.8 40.8 40.8 40.8 44.5 49.2 55.1 58.9 61.8 65.8 68.6 
   
C   0.25  20 44.3 44.3 44.3 44.3 47.1 52.3 58.7 62.8 65.7 69.7 72.4 
  R   
 0.50  30  6.36 6.06 5.56 5.15 4.41 3.91 3.26 2.86 2.58 2.21 1.96 
   
 0.75  5.78 5.38 4.89 4.05 3.52 2.88 2.50 2.23 1.88 1.65 
  40  5.78
60  5.34 5.34 5.27 4.73 3.82 3.28 2.64 2.26 2.01 1.68 1.46 
 1.00   
 1.50   
80  4.99 4.99 4.99 4.61 3.65 3.09 2.46 2.09 1.85 1.52 1.31 
  βx  
 2.00  4.46 4.46 4.46 4.43 3.39 2.82 2.19 1.84 1.60 1.30 1.10 
 
4.06 4.06 4.06 4.06 3.20 2.62 2.00 1.66 1.43 1.14 0.95 
3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 2.92 2.32 1.72 1.40 1.18 0.92 0.75 
 
3.10 3.10 3.10 3.10 2.71 2.11 1.52 1.21 1.01 0.76 0.62 
LB ( vector value)  j 1 UB ( vector value)  j  1
LB  1 UB  1
j j 1 j j 1
LB  j  1 UB  j
LB UB
C l  LBC εx  1000 x  Cl R l  LBR sxe  k  Rl

i  i  i  i
C u  UBC εx  1000 j  Cu R u  UBR sxe  l  R u

i  i  i  i

   εx  1000  C x   
θa  if Cu = 1 θxk x if Cl = last ( C ) θxk last ( C) θxk x  
  i 
 θxk j  θxk x 
i
 i i i  i i i  C
i
 
i
  i
j
Cx
 i   i i i i
   εx  1000  C x   
 
θb  if Cu = 1 θxl x if C l = last( C) θxl last ( C) θxl x   i i 
 θxl j  θxl x 
 i i i  i i i  C
i
 
i
  i
j
 C
 xi   i i i i

 sxe  R k 
 i 
 i
θi  θa  CPi θb  θa 
   
CP i  if R l = R k 0.0 
 i Rl Rk   i i

i
 i  
i 
i
T
θ  ( 29.207 29.148 35.585 39.301 46.6 48.577 46.6 )  deg
Since the accuracy of the  values in LRFD Table B5.2-2 is only to the 0.1 degree, if the looked-up value of  is not within
0.1 degrees of the value from the previous trial (the assumed value for the first trial), then another iteration should be
performed. A small program was executed to find the correct Theta and Beta Values for each section

θnew( i )  θint  θi
θp  θi
errθ  θp  θint
sxe  sxe
i
θend  θp if errθ  0.1deg
for w 1  50 otherwise
θp  if w = 1 θp θp 
w 1  w

  i i i 
 0.5 Nstr1  0.5 Vstr1   cotθp 

 dv i  i  w 1 
εxi1  min
 i
0.002

w 1  Es As  
  i 
  i i i 
 0.5 Nstr1  0.5 Vstr1   cotθp 

 dv i  i  w 1 
εxi2  max  i
 0.0002
w 1  2 Ec Ac  Es As  
  i i 
εx  if εxi1  0 εxi2 εxi1 
w 1  w 1 w 1 w 1
C l  LB C εx  1000
 w 1 
C u  UB C εx  1000
 w 1 
R l  LB R sxe  
R u  UB R sxe  
x  Cl θff  θnew( i )
i
j  Cu
k  Rl
l  Ru
   εx  1000  C( x)  
   w 1  
θa  if C u = 1 θxk x if C l = last( C) θxk last ( C) θxk x 
      θx k j  θx 
k x 
   C( j)  C( x)  
   εx  1000  C( x)  
   w 1  
θb  if C u = 1 θxl x if Cl = last ( C ) θxl last ( C) θxl x      θxl j  θxl x
   C( j)  C( x)  
 s xe  ( k) 
R
CP w  if R ( l) = R ( k) 0.0  
 R ( l)  R ( k) 
θp
w 1
 θa  CP w θb  θa  
T
return θp CP w εx x j k l if θp  θp  0.1deg
 w 1 w 1  w w 1
θf  if h i  16in 45deg θff   CP i  θff  εx  θff  xi  θff  j i  θff  ki  θff  l i  θff 

i   i   i i  i  i  i  i  i
 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

With Theta known, the corresponding value of β can now be interpolated:
T
θf  ( 45 45 45 45 44.371 48.219 44.371 )  deg
T
1000 εx   1.957  10 3
 6.503  10
3
0.718 1.257 1.211 1.817 1.211 
   εx  1000  C x   
 
β a  if C u = 1 βx k x if Cl = last ( C ) βx k last ( C) βx k x   i i 
 βx k j  βx k x 
 i i i  i i i  C  i i
i
 
i
  i
j
 C
 xi   i i 
   εx  1000  C x   
β b  if C u = 1 βx l x if C l = last( C) βx l last ( C) βx l x  
  i 
 βx l j  βx l x 
i
 i i i  i i i  C
i
 
i
  i
j
Cx
 i   i i i i
β i  if hi  16in 2.0 β a  CPi β b  β a  T

 i  i i β  ( 2 2 2 2 1.932 1.566 1.932 )
Compute Vc:
  fc' 
Vc  min0.25 fc' b  dv 0.0316ksi β i   b d v  (LRFD 5.8.3.3)
Vr  Vc  ϕv T
i i Vr  ( 15.06 15.36 14.77 13.81 19.98 17.15 19.98 )  kip
T
csh  if Vr  Vstr1 "OK" "NG"  csh  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "NG" "OK" "NG" )
i  i i 
2.11 Bar Cutoff Analysis (LRFD 5.11.2)
Inflection point from Negative Moment Envelope Inflectionpoint.h  28.74 in Inflectionpoint.v  2.26in
Modification of Development Length (LRFD 5.11.2.1.2 and 5.11.2.1.3)
Area of steel As.req_new( 4 )

Modas  Modas  0.835
provided As
4
Spacing Mods  if spacing  ft  6 in 1 if clear  3  Bar D 1 0.8 Mods  0.8
4 4
  4 

Development Length for Tension Bars less than No. 11 (LRFD 5.11.2.1)
 1.25in BarA  fy fy 
4
Ldp  Modas Mods max  0.4 BarD   Ldp  28.469 in
4 ksi
 fc' 
 kip ksi 
 

Ld  max Ldp 12in  Ld  28.469 in
Exlength  max Ld 12 BarD 0.0625 Clear_Span d s  (LRFD 5.11.2.3) Exlength  28.469 in
 4 4
Cutoffh  Exlength  Inflectionpoint.h Cutoffh  4.767  ft
Splice Length for a Class C Splice

Splice  max ( 12in 1.7 Ld) (LRFD 5.11.5.3.1) Splice  48.398 in

Cutoffv  Splice  Inflectionpoint.v Cutoffv  4.221  ft
Maximum Deflection of top Slab under Vehicular Live Load
Δtruck  0.06in Δtandem  0.077 in Δlane  0.011 in

Δtruck.gov  max Δtruck Δtandem  0.077  in 
Live Load Deflection Criteria

Δmax  max 0.25 Δtruck.gov  Δlane Δtruck.gov  (LRFD 3.6.1.3.2) Δmax  0.077  in
Δmax 1
Deflection Ratio Δratio  Δratio 
Clear_Span 3740
Allowable deflection criteria under vehicular load for a concrete bridge
Clear_Span
Δallowable  (LRFD 2.5.2.6.2) Δallowable  0.36 in
800

checkdeflection  if Δallowable  Δmax "OK" "NG"  checkdeflection  "OK"

2.14 Load Rating
C moment  ψc ψs Ma C shear  ψc ψs Vr MBE (6A.4.2.1-2)

interpolated

Mrat.wa  Intforce CS moment L wa Mwa 1 8 1 4  
Vrat.wa  Intforce CS shear Lwa Vwa 1 8 1 4 

Mrat.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts Mts 1 8 5 7  
Vrat.ts  Intforce CSshear L ts Vts 1 8 5 7 

Mrat.all  stack Mrat.wasubmatrix Mrat.ts 5 7 1 8  
Vrat.all  stack Vrat.wasubmatrix Vrat.ts 5 7 1 8  
The general rating equation used in Eriksson Culvert is
shown below
 
RF C Intf γLL  for i  1  7

 T

Capi  if  Section i = "Neg"  Ci C i

 
LLi  if  Section = "Neg" Intf Intf 
i
T
 i 8 i 7 

LLmod  if LLi = 0 0.0001kip ft LLi 
i
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF1 
i γLL LLmod
i
Capi  γDC Intf  γDW Intf  γEH  Intf  γEV Intf  γWA.min Intf
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF2 
 i i 5
Capi  γDC.min Intf  γDW.min Intf  γEH  Intf  γEV.min Intf  γWA.min Intf
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF3 
i γLL Intf
i 5
RFtot  augment RF1 RF2 RF3  

i
 T 
RFmin  minRFtot  
i   
RFmin

IRmoment  1.66  10  4
11.05 2.15 1.63 3.08 1.08 3.08 

IRshear  RFs C shear Vrat.all γLL  T
IRshear  ( 17.24 99 4.21 2.49 0.99 5.08 0.99 )

Table 3.4.1-2

ORmoment  RF Cmoment Mrat.all γLL.OR  T

ORmoment  2.15  10
4
14.32 2.79 2.11 3.99 1.39 3.99 

ORshear  RFs C shear Vrat.all γLL.OR  T
ORshear  ( 22.35 99 5.46 3.23 1.28 6.58 1.28 )

Eriksson
Culvert
2
Top Slab-Bar A100 0.754 0.752 0.3%
Bottom Slab-Bar A200 0.844 0.847 -0.4%
Top Corner-Bar AE1 0.468 0.467 0.2%
Top Slab-Bar CE1 0.168 0.168 0.0%
Top Slab-Bar C100 0.404 0.404 0.0%
Bottom Slab-Bar C200 0.452 0.462 -2.2%

Exterior Wall Midspan (+) 7.54 7.55 -0.1%

Crack Control Check

Bottom Slab Positive Moment Reinforcing 13.58 13.58 0.0%
Exterior Wall Negative Moment Reinforcing 23.12 23.11 0.0%
Bottom Corner Moment Reinforcement 15.94 15.96 -0.1%

By:RAA
Task : Verification Problem 3 Client: Eriksson Software 9/19/2018 3:03:53 PM

Physical Dimensions
Clear Span: 16'-0"
Clear Height: 8'-0"
Top Slab: 1'-2"
Bottom Slab: 1'-2"
Ext. Wall: 10" z
Fill Depth: 1.99 ft
8'-0"
x
Length: 8'-0"
Material Properties
Concrete
Type: Normal wt
Steel
Yield, fy: 60 ksi
1'-2"
Soil
Density: 0.120 kcf
Exposure Factor
y
Class 1 Exposure
8'-0"
Ext. Cover Walls 1"
Int. Cover Walls 1"
Int. Top Slab 1"
1'-2"
Loads
10" 16'-0" 10"
Live Load
Max No. of Lanes: 1
Dead Load
Lateral Soil Loads

By:RAA
Concrete Summary

Top Slab(Int) A100 14 6 7" S 17'-5" -- -- 366.0
Bot Slab(Int) A200 9 8 11" S 17'-5" -- -- 419.0
Top Slab(Ext) AE300 7 4 1'-2" S 17'-5" -- -- 81.0
Bot Slab(Ext) A400 7 4 1'-2" S 17'-5" -- -- 81.0
Corner(Top) AE1 22 6 9" L 7'-11" 3'-11" 4'-0" 262.0
Corner(Bot) A2 22 6 9" L 6'-11" 3'-10" 3'-1" 229.0
Wall(Int) B1 14 4 1'-2" S 8'-6" -- -- 79.0
Wall(Ext) B2 22 6 9" S 8'-0" -- -- 264.0
Longit. Top (Int) C100 15 6 1'-1" S 7'-11" -- -- 178.0
Longit. Bot (Int) C200 25 5 8" S 7'-11" -- -- 206.0
Longit. Bot (Ext) C1 14 4 1'-2" S 7'-11" -- -- 74.0
2482
1'-3" 14 CE1 Bars @ 1'-2" 1'-3" 1'-3" 15 C100 Bars @ 1'-1" 1'-3"
1'-1"
1'-1"
1'-1"
1'-1"
8 C1 Bars @ 1'-2"
8 C1 Bars @ 1'-2"
8 C1 Bars @ 1'-2"
8 C1 Bars @ 1'-2"
1'-1"
1'-1"
1'-1"
1'-1"
1'-3" 14 C1 Bars @ 1'-2" 1'-3" 10" 25 C200 Bars @ 8" 10"

By:RAA
3"
3"
6"
6"
7 B1 Bars @ 1'-2"
7 B1 Bars @ 1'-2"
11 B2 Bars @ 9"
11 B2 Bars @ 9"
6"
6"
3"
3"
2 1/2"
6"
6" 7 AE300 Bars @ 1'-2"
2 1/2" 14 A100 Bars @ 7"

4"
6" 7 A400 Bars @ 1'-2" 6"
9 A200 Bars @ 11"

4"

By:RAA
3"
3"
3"
3"
11 AE1 Bars @ 9"
11 AE1 Bars @ 9"
11 A2 Bars @ 9"
11 A2 Bars @ 9"
3"
3"
3"
3"

Licensee: Demo mode Sht:____of____
Eriksson Culvert v4.00 Analysis and design of culverts By:RAA Chk:____
Copyright © 2010-2018 Eriksson Software, Inc.(www.ErikssonSoftware.com) 9/19/2018 3:04:21 PM
Job No.: 3
CULVERT PROPERTIES
==================
Physical Dimensions
-------------------
Ext Wall: 0.0000 in
Wall Joint: None
Material Properties
-------------------
Fr Factor : 0.37
Poisson's : 0.5
Loads
-----
1 8.00 0.00
2 32.00 14.00
3 32.00 14.00
Include Tandem: yes
Override MPF: no
Override DLA: no
Traffic Direction** : Lanes Parallel to Main Reinforcement
Buoyancy Check : no
---------------------------
Max Min
DC: 1.250 0.900
DW: 1.500 0.650
EV: 1.300 0.900
EH: 1.350 0.900
WA: 1.000
LL I : 1.750 LL II : 1.350
Reinforcement
-------------
Top Slab: 2.0000 in 1.0000 in
Walls : 1.0000 in 1.0000 in

Bot Slab: 1.0000 in 1.0000 in
Design Options
--------------
Ext. Wall: Variable
LL Analysis : Automatically Set Traffic Direction to Account for Skew Effects: yes (**Will override previo
Use Eq. 12.10.4.2.4a-1: no

DESIGN RESULTS
==============
Bottom Slab Thickness = 14.00 in (from HL-93 truck)
ASTM M dimension = 2.80 ft
--------------------------
Corner (Top) AE1 (AS1) 22 6 L-BAR 9.00 0.587 0.468 7-11 262 3-11 4- 0 AA
Corner (Bottom) A2 (AS1) 22 6 L-BAR 9.00 0.587 0.581 6-11 229 3-10 3- 1 AA
Total 2482
AS Bar Marks
----------------
Location Controling Case Req Area in2/ft
Transverse Side Wall - Inside Face (AS4) c 0.168
--------------------
Bar Splice Length
Mark Size (ft-in)
B1 4 1- 5
C1 4 1- 5
CE1 4 2- 1
C100 6 2- 1
C200 5 1- 9
-------------------------
Flexure Shear
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
(AA) HL-93 1.99 2 MID 1.01 1.31 1.99 2 RT 1.01 1.31

----------------------------------
BOT 10.00 -23.54 15.42 24.29 8.63 25.75 0.90 0.59a 16.55 1.14 1.47 AA 1.99
MID 55.00 0.81 3.24 7.41 8.75 7.54 0.90 0.17c 16.55 NC NC AA 1.99

MID- 55.00 -18.09 15.42 24.29 8.63 25.75 0.90 0.59a 16.55 1.54 1.99 AA 1.99
TOP 10.00 -19.11 15.42 24.29 8.63 25.75 0.90 0.59a 16.55 1.48 1.92 AA 1.99
LT 6.00 -15.85 3.08 33.09 11.63 30.91 0.90 0.59b 32.43 2.36 3.06 AA 1.99
MID 101.00 41.07 0.23 45.94 12.63 41.43 0.90 0.75a 32.43 1.01 1.31 AA 1.99
RT 6.00 -15.85 3.08 33.09 11.63 30.91 0.90 0.59b 32.43 2.36 3.06 AA 1.99
LT 6.00 -19.91 5.36 36.02 12.63 34.33 0.90 0.59b 32.43 2.16 2.81 AA 1.99
MID 101.00 46.21 2.11 51.68 12.50 47.24 0.90 0.86a 32.43 1.03 1.34 AA 1.99
RT 6.00 -19.94 5.36 36.02 12.63 34.33 0.90 0.59b 32.43 2.16 2.80 AA 1.99
------------------------------------------
BOT 14.59 3.79 -23.5 15.42 8.28 12.64 2.000 14.04b 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.72 10.01 AA 1.99
MID 55.00 0.75 0.8 3.24 8.65 13.20 2.000 14.67b 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.99 99.99 AA 1.99
MID- 55.00 0.75 -18.1 15.42 8.28 12.64 2.000 14.04b 0.00 0.00 0.00 24.45 31.69 AA 1.99
TOP 14.59 -2.64 -19.1 15.42 8.28 12.64 2.000 14.04b 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.73 20.40 AA 1.99
LT 15.29 13.52 -15.8 3.08 11.28 17.22 2.000 19.13b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.38 1.79 AA 1.99
MID 101.00 3.80 41.1 0.23 12.18 18.59 2.000 20.66b 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.90 6.35 AA 1.99
RT 15.29 17.11 -15.8 3.08 11.28 17.22 2.000 19.13b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.01 1.31 AA 1.99
LT 16.19 13.44 -19.9 5.36 12.28 18.74 2.000 20.82b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.63 2.12 AA 1.99
MID 101.00 0.05 46.2 2.11 11.99 18.30 2.000 20.34b 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.99 99.99 AA 1.99
RT 16.19 16.55 -19.9 5.36 12.28 18.74 2.000 20.82b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.19 1.54 AA 1.99

========================================================================================================
========================================================================================================
Load Parameters:
---------------
Fe = 1.02
------------------------
----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
Bottom Bottom
1- 0 -3.48 -2.31 0.00 -1.92 -0.50 0.00 1- 0 0.25 0.00 0.00 2.41 0.55 0.00
1- 1 -3.25 -2.31 0.00 0.01 -0.05 0.00 1- 1 0.25 0.00 0.00 1.79 0.44 0.00
1- 2 -3.03 -2.31 0.00 1.39 0.30 0.00 1- 2 0.25 0.00 0.00 1.22 0.33 0.00
1- 3 -2.80 -2.31 0.00 2.27 0.56 0.00 1- 3 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.22 0.00
1- 4 -2.58 -2.31 0.00 2.70 0.71 0.00 1- 4 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.11 0.00
1- 5 -2.35 -2.31 0.00 2.73 0.76 0.00 1- 5 0.25 0.00 0.00 -0.18 0.00 0.00
1- 6 -2.12 -2.31 0.00 2.39 0.71 0.00 1- 6 0.25 0.00 0.00 -0.55 -0.11 0.00
1- 7 -1.90 -2.31 0.00 1.74 0.56 0.00 1- 7 0.25 0.00 0.00 -0.87 -0.22 0.00
1- 8 -1.67 -2.31 0.00 0.82 0.30 0.00 1- 8 0.25 0.00 0.00 -1.14 -0.33 0.00
1- 9 -1.45 -2.31 0.00 -0.32 -0.05 0.00 1- 9 0.25 0.00 0.00 -1.35 -0.44 0.00
1-10 -1.22 -2.31 0.00 -1.64 -0.50 0.00 1-10 0.25 0.00 0.00 -1.52 -0.55 0.00
Top Top
Left Left
2- 0 -1.22 -2.31 0.00 -1.68 -0.50 0.00 2- 0 1.55 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 1 1.05 0.80 0.00 -1.68 -0.50 0.00 2- 1 1.18 1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 2 2.78 3.22 0.00 -1.68 -0.50 0.00 2- 2 0.88 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 3 4.02 4.95 0.00 -1.68 -0.50 0.00 2- 3 0.59 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 4 4.76 5.99 0.00 -1.68 -0.50 0.00 2- 4 0.29 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 5 5.01 6.34 0.00 -1.68 -0.50 0.00 2- 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 6 4.76 5.99 0.00 -1.68 -0.50 0.00 2- 6 -0.29 -0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 7 4.02 4.95 0.00 -1.68 -0.50 0.00 2- 7 -0.59 -0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 8 2.78 3.22 0.00 -1.68 -0.50 0.00 2- 8 -0.88 -1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 9 1.05 0.80 0.00 -1.68 -0.50 0.00 2- 9 -1.18 -1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2-10 -1.22 -2.31 0.00 -1.68 -0.50 0.00 2-10 -1.55 -2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right Right
Left Left
4- 0 -3.48 -2.31 0.00 -1.92 -0.50 0.00 4- 0 2.69 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 1 0.60 0.80 0.00 -1.92 -0.50 0.00 4- 1 2.15 1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 2 3.78 3.22 0.00 -1.92 -0.50 0.00 4- 2 1.62 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 3 6.04 4.95 0.00 -1.92 -0.50 0.00 4- 3 1.08 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 4 7.40 5.99 0.00 -1.92 -0.50 0.00 4- 4 0.54 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 5 7.86 6.34 0.00 -1.92 -0.50 0.00 4- 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 6 7.40 5.99 0.00 -1.92 -0.50 0.00 4- 6 -0.54 -0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 7 6.04 4.95 0.00 -1.92 -0.50 0.00 4- 7 -1.08 -0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 8 3.78 3.22 0.00 -1.92 -0.50 0.00 4- 8 -1.62 -1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 9 0.60 0.80 0.00 -1.92 -0.50 0.00 4- 9 -2.15 -1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4-10 -3.48 -2.31 0.00 -1.92 -0.50 0.00 4-10 -2.69 -2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right Right
-----------------------------------
1 -1.55 -2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 0.25 0.00 0.00 -1.52 -0.55 0.00
4 -0.25 0.00 0.00 -2.41 -0.55 0.00
No. (k) Previous (ft)
Truck 1 1.82 0.00
2 1.82 6.00
3 1.82 4.00
4 1.82 6.00

Tandem 1 2.84 0.00
2 2.84 6.00
3 2.84 4.00
4 2.84 6.00
--------------------
Traffic Direction is Perpendicular to Main Reinforcement
Distribution Width : 10.97 ft (+) Distribution Width: 8.00 ft (-)

-------------------------------------------
Vehicle Axle Weight Dist. From Vehicle Axle Weight Dist. From
No. (k) Left End (ft) No. (k) Left End (ft)
Truck 1 1.82 14.42 Truck 1 2.50 13.57
2 1.82 8.42 2 2.50 7.57
3 1.82 4.42 3 2.50 3.57
4 1.82 -1.58 4 2.50 -2.43
Truck 1 1.82 10.10 Truck 1 2.50 22.73
2 1.82 4.10 2 2.50 16.73
3 1.82 0.10 3 2.50 12.73
4 1.82 -5.90 4 2.50 6.73
Tandem 1 2.84 14.42 Tandem 1 3.90 13.57
2 2.84 8.42 2 3.90 7.57
3 2.84 4.42 3 3.90 3.57
4 2.84 -1.58 4 3.90 -2.43
Tandem 1 2.84 10.10 Tandem 1 3.90 22.73
2 2.84 4.10 2 3.90 16.73
3 2.84 0.10 3 3.90 12.73
4 2.84 -5.90 4 3.90 6.73

-----------------------------------------------
Truck Tandem Lane
Bottom
1- 0 0.00 -6.06 0.22 -0.19 0.00 -9.47 0.35 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 1 0.00 -5.85 0.22 -0.19 0.00 -9.14 0.35 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 2 0.00 -5.64 0.22 -0.19 0.00 -8.82 0.35 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 3 0.00 -5.44 0.22 -0.19 0.00 -8.50 0.35 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 4 0.00 -5.23 0.22 -0.19 0.00 -8.17 0.35 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 5 0.00 -5.02 0.22 -0.19 0.00 -7.85 0.35 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 6 0.00 -4.82 0.22 -0.19 0.00 -7.53 0.35 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 7 0.00 -4.76 0.22 -0.19 0.00 -7.43 0.35 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 8 0.00 -4.86 0.22 -0.19 0.01 -7.59 0.35 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 9 0.21 -4.95 0.22 -0.19 0.32 -7.74 0.35 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1-10 0.41 -5.05 0.22 -0.19 0.64 -7.89 0.35 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Top
Left
2- 0 0.41 -5.05 3.92 0.00 0.64 -7.89 6.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 1 2.74 -0.61 3.41 -0.14 4.28 -0.96 5.33 -0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 2 5.95 0.00 2.83 -0.57 9.29 0.00 4.42 -0.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

2- 3 8.16 0.00 2.31 -0.72 12.75 0.00 3.61 -1.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 4 9.78 0.00 1.64 -1.31 15.28 0.00 2.57 -2.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 5 10.27 0.00 1.39 -1.64 16.04 0.00 2.17 -2.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 6 9.78 0.00 0.95 -2.25 15.28 0.00 1.49 -3.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 7 8.16 0.00 0.64 -3.12 12.75 0.00 1.00 -4.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 8 5.95 0.00 0.31 -3.92 9.29 0.00 0.49 -6.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 9 2.74 -0.61 0.10 -4.68 4.28 -0.96 0.16 -7.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2-10 0.40 -5.05 0.00 -5.38 0.62 -7.89 0.00 -8.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right
Left
4- 0 0.00 -6.06 3.64 0.00 0.00 -9.47 5.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 1 1.24 0.00 2.92 0.00 1.94 0.00 4.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 2 5.43 0.00 2.19 0.00 8.48 0.00 3.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 3 8.49 0.00 1.46 0.00 13.26 0.00 2.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 4 10.32 0.00 0.73 0.00 16.13 0.00 1.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 5 10.93 0.00 0.02 -0.03 17.08 0.00 0.03 -0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 6 10.32 0.00 0.00 -1.00 16.13 0.00 0.00 -1.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 7 8.49 0.00 0.00 -2.00 13.26 0.00 0.00 -3.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 8 5.43 0.00 0.00 -3.00 8.48 0.00 0.00 -4.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 9 1.24 0.00 0.00 -4.00 1.94 0.00 0.00 -6.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4-10 0.00 -6.07 0.00 -5.00 0.00 -9.49 0.00 -7.81 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right

--------------------
A1 Top Corner Bar -12.0 -9.78 22.85 9.00 22.20
A2 Bot Corner Bar -15.0 -9.78 30.50 9.00 15.94
A100 Top Slab (int) 26.6 -0.04 36.19 7.00 13.99
A200 Bot Slab (int) 30.3 -1.24 36.04 11.00 13.58
B2 Ext Wall (ext) -11.7 -9.78 22.04 9.00 23.12

--------------------------------------------------
BOT 10.00 -23.54 15.42 24.29 8.63 25.75 0.90 0.59a 16.55 1.14 1.47
MID 55.00 0.81 3.24 7.41 8.75 7.54 0.90 0.17c 16.55 NC NC
MID- 55.00 -18.09 15.42 24.29 8.63 25.75 0.90 0.59a 16.55 1.54 1.99
TOP 10.00 -19.11 15.42 24.29 8.63 25.75 0.90 0.59a 16.55 1.48 1.92
LT 6.00 -15.85 3.08 33.09 11.63 30.91 0.90 0.59b 32.43 2.36 3.06
MID 101.00 41.07 0.23 45.94 12.63 41.43 0.90 0.75a 32.43 1.01 1.31
RT 6.00 -15.85 3.08 33.09 11.63 30.91 0.90 0.59b 32.43 2.36 3.06
LT 6.00 -19.91 5.36 36.02 12.63 34.33 0.90 0.59b 32.43 2.16 2.81
MID 101.00 46.21 2.11 51.68 12.50 47.24 0.90 0.86a 32.43 1.03 1.34
RT 6.00 -19.94 5.36 36.02 12.63 34.33 0.90 0.59b 32.43 2.16 2.80
Note: Mu - Resisting moment under pure flexure, Ma - Allowable moment under applied axial load
---------------------------------------------------------
BOT 14.59 3.79 -23.5 15.42 8.28 12.64 2.000 45.00 14.04b 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.72 10.01
MID 55.00 0.75 0.8 3.24 8.65 13.20 2.000 45.00 14.67b 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.99 99.99
MID- 55.00 0.75 -18.1 15.42 8.28 12.64 2.000 45.00 14.04b 0.00 0.00 0.00 24.45 31.69
TOP 14.59 -2.64 -19.1 15.42 8.28 12.64 2.000 45.00 14.04b 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.73 20.40
LT 15.29 13.52 -15.8 3.08 11.28 17.22 2.000 45.00 19.13b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.38 1.79
MID 101.00 3.80 41.1 0.23 12.18 18.59 2.000 45.00 20.66b 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.90 6.35
RT 15.29 17.11 -15.8 3.08 11.28 17.22 2.000 45.00 19.13b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.01 1.31
LT 16.19 13.44 -19.9 5.36 12.28 18.74 2.000 45.00 20.82b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.63 2.12
MID 101.00 0.05 46.2 2.11 11.99 18.30 2.000 45.00 20.34b 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.99 99.99
RT 16.19 16.55 -19.9 5.36 12.28 18.74 2.000 45.00 20.82b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.19 1.54

----------------------------------------
Bottom
1- 0 -8.687 -27.395 3.243 15.422 5.138 1.970
1- 1 -5.085 -23.149 3.243 15.422 4.108 1.412
1- 2 -2.397 -20.972 3.243 15.422 3.146 0.899
1- 3 -0.560 -19.329 3.243 15.422 2.252 0.431
1- 4 0.490 -18.093 3.243 15.422 1.426 0.008
1- 5 0.813 -17.224 3.243 15.422 0.751 -0.451
1- 6 0.473 -16.680 3.243 15.422 0.419 -1.141
1- 7 -0.469 -16.818 3.243 15.422 0.133 -1.763
1- 8 -1.949 -17.633 3.243 15.422 -0.108 -2.316
1- 9 -3.905 -18.881 3.243 15.422 -0.303 -2.802
1-10 -4.884 -21.443 4.604 15.422 -0.453 -3.220
Top
Left
2- 0 -4.919 -21.495 0.228 3.082 15.334 3.243
2- 1 8.329 -2.479 0.228 3.082 12.938 2.540
2- 2 22.417 2.254 0.228 2.795 10.439 1.140
2- 3 32.261 4.927 0.228 2.795 8.116 -0.174
2- 4 38.975 6.530 0.228 2.795 5.395 -2.669
2- 5 41.067 7.065 0.228 2.795 3.798 -4.489
2- 6 38.975 6.530 0.228 2.795 1.703 -7.065
2- 7 32.261 4.927 0.228 2.795 -0.058 -10.333
2- 8 22.417 2.254 0.228 2.795 -1.859 -13.429
2- 9 8.329 -2.479 0.228 3.082 -2.540 -16.398
2-10 -4.952 -21.495 0.228 3.082 -3.243 -19.312
Right
Left
4- 0 -8.687 -27.395 4.444 5.364 16.003 4.274
4- 1 3.457 -2.212 2.108 4.444 12.804 3.419
4- 2 22.026 2.825 2.108 4.444 9.605 2.564
4- 3 35.472 6.422 2.108 4.444 6.406 1.710
4- 4 43.534 8.580 2.108 4.444 3.207 0.855
4- 5 46.213 9.300 2.108 4.444 0.051 -0.070
4- 6 43.534 8.580 2.108 4.444 -0.855 -3.952
4- 7 35.469 6.422 2.108 4.444 -1.710 -7.889
4- 8 22.019 2.825 2.108 4.444 -2.564 -11.827
4- 9 3.457 -2.212 2.108 4.444 -3.419 -15.764
4-10 -8.687 -27.431 4.444 5.364 -4.274 -19.702
Right

Four-Sided Precast Box Culvert with 30˚skew, LRFD Specs
3.1 Input
3.2 Loads
3.3 Skew Effects for Live Load Distribution
3.11 Moment and Shear Comparison
3.12 Reinforcing Steel Comparison
3.13 Buoyancy Check

Description: Eriksson Culvert verification problem 3. Design of a single cell four sided precast box culvert with a 30
degree skew
References:
3
3.1 Input
K1  1.0 Aggmax  1.5in

Rebar: fy  60ksi Es  29000 ksi fs  24ksi D b  1.125 in
Geometry: Box Culvert: H t  8 ft W  16ft L  8 ft skew  30deg Clear_Span  W
tts  14in tbs  14in twa  10in haunchb  8 in hauncht  8 in

Reinforcement : coverte  2 in coverbe  1 in coverwe  1 in

Cover
coverti  1 in coverbi  1 in coverwi  1 in

Loads: Vehicle Live: HL-93 Truck Traffic Direction: Lanes perpendicular to main reinforcement
Future Wearing Surface: wws  0 psf

3.2 Loads To save space and for the sake of redundancy the static loads including dead loads, vertical and horizontal
earth pressure and live load surcharge will not be repeated. These loads are shown in example problem #1
and are not affected by the skew of the culvert.

3.3 Skew Effects for Live Load Distribution Skew Comparison
According to Article 12.14.5.3 for culvert elements with skews 20
greater than 15 degrees, the effect of skew on the wheel distribution
Distribution Width (ft)

of the live loads shall be considered. However no guidance on
methods to analyze such cases is given. One method adopted by
15
agencies such as NYSDOT have chosen to consider these effects in
the case of fills less than 2ft and lanes parallel to main reinforcement
by changing the orientation of the direction of traffic to perpendicular.
This option results in a conservative design as shown in figure 1 due 10
to a reduced distribution width for spans up to 24ft and multiple lanes Parallel
loaded for spans greater than 24ft. For fills greater than 2ft article Perp.
3.6.1.2.6 accounts for skew by restricting areas of overlapping 5
wheels to the area of the culvert. This method has been adopted in 0 20 40 60
Eriksson Culvert and is up to the user to account for by selecting the
appropriate condition under the analysis options in the input menu. Span Length (ft)
For this example we will show the differences in results between the Figure 1: Distribution Width comparison for no
two options to allow the user to select the appropriate setting. skew(parallel) and 90 degree skew(perpendicular).
Design_Span  W  twa Design_Span  16.833 ft
 1.2 
 
 1.00 
MPFLRFD 
0.85  Tire_Lenght  10in
 
0.65  Lane_sep  4 ft
(LRFD Table 3.6.1.1.2-1) (LRFD 3.6.1.3.1) (LRFD 3.6.1.2.5)
 Hs 
DLA  0.33 1  0.125   DLA  24.791 % (LRFD 3.6.2.2)
 ft 
Distribution for traffic perpendicular to main reinforcement
Follows the equivalent strip equations presented in LRFD Article 4.6.2.1

Dis_Width pos  min26in  6.6in
Clear_Span 
 Dis_Width pos  10.967 ft
 ft 
From Table 4.6.2.1.3-1

Dis_Width neg  min48in  3.0in
Clear_Span 
 Dis_Width neg  8  ft
 ft 
In the case of perpendicular travel one must consider the possibly of multiple sets of axles from a single vehicle within the
distribution length:

cpos.truck  if Dis_Width pos  Axle_Spacingtruck "Investigate Mulitple Axles on single vehicle" "Use Largest Single Axle" 
cneg.truck  if  Dis_Width neg  Axle_Spacingtruck "Investigate Mulitple Axles on single vehicle" "Use Largest Single Axle" 
cpos.truck  "Use Largest Single Axle" cneg.truck  "Use Largest Single Axle"

cpos.tandem  if Dis_Width pos  Axle_Spacingtandem "Investigate Mulitple Axles on single vehicle" "Use Largest Single Axle" 
cneg.tandem  if  Dis_Width neg  Axle_Spacingtandem "Investigate Mulitple Axles on single vehicle" "Use Largest Single Axle" 
cpos.tandem  "Investigate Mulitple Axles on single vehicle" cneg.tandem  "Investigate Mulitple Axles on single vehicle"

N lanes  4
T T
T
How many sets of axles of the design truck and tandem can fit in distribution width
   Dis_Widthpos  
Axle_Nopos.Truck  maxfloor 1 Axle_Nopos.Truck  1
 min SPaxle.Truck  
   

   Dis_Widthneg   
  ft ceil  
   ft   1
Axle_Noneg.Truck  max floor Axle_Noneg.Truck  1
  min SP
axle.Truck  
 
 
   Dis_Widthpos  
Axle_Nopos  maxfloor 1
  min SPaxle.Tandem   Axle_Nopos  2
   
   Dis_Width neg   
  ft ceil  
   ft   1
Axle_Noneg  max floor
  min SP
axle.Tandem  
  Axle_Noneg  2
 
Eriksson Culvert determines the distributed wheel load on the culvert as follows:
 
WLL Dis_Width Axle_LoadAxle_Spacing nlanes naxles  for w 1  naxles
for q  1  n lanes
if Dis_Width  min( Axle_Spacing)

max( Axle_Load)
Wheel_Loadq   MPFLRFD  ( 1  DLA)
2  Dis_Width q
Wheel_Load
otherwise

w  if w = naxles n axles  1 w 
N wheels  floor
 ft round  Dis_Width ft 1
5  
w  min( Axle_Spacing) 
Axle_Loadw N wheels
w
Wheel_Loadw q   MPFLRFD  ( 1  DL
2  Dis_Width q
Wheel_Load
Wheel_Load
Truck

WTruck.POS  WLL Dis_Width pos Paxle.Truck SPaxle.Truck N lanes n axle.Truck 
T
WTruck.POS  ( 2.185 1.821 1.548 1.183 )  klf

WTruck.NEG  WLL Dis_Width neg Paxle.Truck SPaxle.Truck Nlanes naxle.Truck 
T
WTruck.NEG  ( 2.995 2.496 2.121 1.622 )  klf

Tandem

WTandem.POS  WLL Dis_Width pos Paxle.Tandem SPaxle.Tandem N lanes n axle.Tandem 
WTandem.POS  ( 3.414 2.845 2.418 1.849 )  klf

WTandem.NEG  WLL Dis_Width neg Paxle.Tandem SPaxle.Tandem Nlanes naxle.Tandem 
WTandem.NEG  ( 4.68 3.9 3.315 2.535 )  klf
The wheel load on the bridge is uniformly distributed over the base of the culvert. A value for the number of wheels
incremented by a single wheel is shown below. The exact number of axles present to create the maximum effects are
unknown but shown in the program and are entered below to replicate the results.
 
Bottom_Load Wheel_Load nlanes ntrucks  for w 1  2  n lanes
w Wheel_Loadn  1 ft
trucks
B_Lw 
Design_Span
B_L
Truck

Bot_Loadpos  Bottom_Load WTruck.POS Nlanes 2 
T
Bot_Loadpos  ( 0.108 0.216 0.324 0.433 0.541 0.649 0.757 0.865 )  klf

Bot_Loadneg  Bottom_Load WTruck.NEG N lanes 2 
T
Bot_Loadneg  ( 0.148 0.297 0.445 0.593 0.741 0.89 1.038 1.186 )  klf
Tandem
Bot_Loadtan.pos  Bottom_LoadWTandem.POS N lanes 2
T
 
T
Bot_Loadtan.pos  ( 0.169 0.338 0.507 0.676 0.845 1.014 1.183 1.352 )  klf
Bot_Loadtan.neg  Bottom_LoadWTandem.NEG Nlanes 2

T
 
T
Bot_Loadtan.neg  ( 0.232 0.463 0.695 0.927 1.158 1.39 1.622 1.853 )  klf
Load Modifier: 
ηmax  max ηR  ηI ηD 0.95  (LRFD 1.3.2.1-2) ηmax  1
ηmin  min
 1 
1.0 (LRFD 1.3.2.1-3) ηmin  1
γDC  1.25 γWA  1.00
Strength II Service Fatigue
Load Min. Max γDC.min  0.90 γWA.min  0.00
DC 0.90 1.25 1.0 - γDW  1.50 γLL  1.75
DW 0.65 1.50 1.0 - γDW.min  0.65 γLS  1.75
EV 0.90 1.30 1.0 -
γEV  1.30
EH 0.90 1.35 1.0 -
γEV.min  0.90
LL 1.72 1.72 1.0 0.75
LS 1.72 1.72 1.0 - γEH  1.35
WA 0.00 1.00 1.0 - γEH.min  0.90

Properties:
h  twa h  tts h  tbs cover  coverwe cover  coverti
1 5 8 1 6
2 6 9
cover  coverwe cover  coverbe
h  tbs 3 8
3 7 cover  coverwe cover  coverbi
4 9
h  twa cover  coverte cover  coverbe
4 5 10
T T
h  ( 10 10 10 10 14 14 14 14 14 14 )  in cover  ( 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 )  in
For the sake of redundancy and to save space, the design process for steel reinforcing design will not be presented for both
cases, as the process for the parallel case was demonstrated in Example problem 1. Only the process for the
perpendicular case will be shown and then the two results will be compared at the end. The structural model used in
analysis is similar to the one produced for example problem 1 with only the thickness of the members changed to reflect
the larger cross sections for this case.
Exterior Wall:
 3.48  2.31 0.00  1.92  0.50 0.00 0.00  9.47  0.25 0.00 0.00 2.41 0.55 0.00 0.35  0.29 
   
 2.31 0.00 0.01  0.05 0.00 0.00  9.14 0.00 0.35  0.29
 3.25  0.25 0.00 0.00 1.79 0.44

 3.03  2.31 0.00 1.39 0.30 0.00 0.00  8.82  0.25 0.00 0.00 1.22 0.33 0.00 0.35  0.29 
 2.80  2.31 0.00 2.27 0.56 0.00 0.00  8.50
 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.22 0.00 0.35  0.29

   
 2.58  2.31 0.00 2.70 0.71 0.00 0.00  8.17  0.25 0.00 0.00 0.24 0.11 0.00 0.35  0.29 
Mwa   2.35  2.31 0.00 2.73 0.76 0.00 0.00   ftwa  0.25
 7.85 kipV 0.00 0.00  0.18 0.00 0.00 0.35  0.29   kip
   
 2.12  2.31 0.00 2.39 0.71 0.00 0.00  7.53  0.25 0.00 0.00  0.55  0.11 0.00 0.35  0.29 
 1.90  2.31 0.00 1.74 0.56 0.00 0.00  7.43  0.25 0.00 0.00  0.87  0.22 0.00 0.35  0.29 
   
 1.67  2.31 0.00 0.82 0.30 0.00 0.01  7.59  0.25 0.00 0.00  1.14  0.33 0.00 0.35  0.29 
 1.45  2.31 0.00  0.32  0.05 0.00 0.32  7.74  0.25 0.00 0.00  1.35  0.44 0.00 0.35  0.29 
   
 1.22  2.31 0.00  1.64  0.50 0.00 0.64  7.89  0.25 0.00 0.00  1.52  0.55 0.00 0.35  0.29 
Top Slab: Pwa  (  1.55  2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  6.18 )  kip
 1.22  2.31 0.00  1.68  0.50 0.00 0.64  7.89   1.55 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.13 0.00 
   
0.00  1.68  0.50 0.00 4.28  0.96 1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.33  0.22
 1.05 0.80
  1.18 
 2.78 3.22 0.00  1.68  0.50 0.00 9.29 0.00   0.88 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.47  0.66 
 4.02 4.95 0.00  1.68  0.50 0.00 12.75 0.00
  0.59 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.61  1.13

   
 4.76 5.99 0.00  1.68  0.50 0.00 15.28 0.00   0.29 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.87  1.64 
Mts   5.01 6.34 0.00  1.68  0.50 0.00 16.04 0.00 kipV ftts   0.00
 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.17  2.57   kip
   
 4.76 5.99 0.00  1.68  0.50 0.00 15.27 0.00   0.29  0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.49  3.52 
 4.02 4.95 0.00  1.68  0.50 0.00 12.75 0.00   0.59  0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00  4.87 
   
 2.78 3.22 0.00  1.68  0.50 0.00 9.29 0.00   0.88  1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.65  6.06 
 1.05 0.80 0.00  1.68  0.50 0.00 4.28  0.96   1.18  1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.32  7.24 
   
 1.22  2.31 0.00  1.68  0.50 0.00 0.62  7.89   1.55  2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  8.40 
Pts  ( 0.25 0.00 0.00  1.52  0.55 0.00 0.476  0.213 )  kip

Bottom Slab:
 3.48  2.31 0.00  1.92  0.50 0.00 0.00  9.47   2.69 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.69 0.00 
   
0.00  1.92  0.50 0.00 1.94 0.00 1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.56 0.00
 0.60 0.80
  2.15 
 3.78 3.22 0.00  1.92  0.50 0.00 8.48 0.00   1.62 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.42 0.00 
 6.04 4.95 0.00  1.92  0.50 0.00 13.26 0.00
  1.08 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.28 0.00

   
 7.40 5.99 0.00  1.92  0.50 0.00 16.13 0.00   0.54 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.14 0.00 
Mbs   7.86 6.34 0.00  1.92  0.50 0.00 17.08  ftbs   0.00
0.00 kipV 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03  0.04   kip
   
 7.40 5.99 0.00  1.92  0.50 0.00 16.13 0.00   0.54  0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  1.57 
 6.04 4.95 0.00  1.92  0.50 0.00 13.26 0.00   1.08  0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  3.13 
   
 3.78 3.22 0.00  1.92  0.50 0.00 8.48 0.00   1.62  1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  4.69 
 0.60 0.80 0.00  1.92  0.50 0.00 1.94 0.00   2.15  1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  6.25 
   
 3.48  2.31 0.00  1.92  0.50 0.00 0.00  9.49   2.69  2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  7.81 
Pbs  (  0.25 0.00 0.00  2.41  0.55 0.00 0.21  0.48 )  kip

Load Combinations:
Strength II: N/A
 
Str1.c Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 i 6 j
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 6 i 6 j

Cc  augment C 1 C 2 C 3 
i i
  
 if j = 1 max C c
T
i j       
 i j i j  i j i j 
Combo

TSstr1c.m  Str1.c Mts 11  WAstr1c.m  Str1.c Mwa 11   BSstr1c.m  Str1.c Mbs 11  

TSstr1c.v  Str1.c Vts 11  WAstr1c.v  Str1.c Vwa 11   BSstr1c.v  Str1.c Vbs 11  
 
Str1 C Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4
i 5 i 6
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5
i 6 i 6 j
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 6 i 6 j
Cp

Mstr1.wa  Str1 WAstr1c.m Mwa 11  
Mstr1.bs  Str1 BSstr1c.m Mbs 11 
Vstr1.ts  Str1 TSstr1c.v Vts 11 Vstr1.wa  Str1 WAstr1c.v Vwa 11 Vstr1.bs  Str1 BSstr1c.v Vbs 11
Pstr1.ts  Str1 TSstr1c.m Pts 11 Pstr1.wa  Str1 WAstr1c.m Pwa 11 Pstr1.bs  Str1 BSstr1c.m Pbs 11
 
Sv1.c Intf i 2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i 2

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
γsmin
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 γsmax i 6 i 6 j

i i
  
 if j = 1 maxCc
T
i j       
 i j i j  i j i j 
Combo
TSsv1c.m  Sv1.c Mts 11   WAsv1c.m  Sv1.c Mwa 11   BSsv1c.m  Sv1.c Mbs 11  

TSsv1c.v  Sv1.c Vts 11  WAsv1c.v  Sv1.c Vwa 11   BSsv1c.v  Sv1.c Vbs 11  

 
Sv1 C Intf i 2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i 2

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5

i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
γsmin
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 γsmax i 6 i 6 j
Cp

Ms1.wa  Sv1 WAsv1c.m Mwa 11  
Ms1.bs  Sv1 BSsv1c.m Mbs 11 
Vs1.ts  Sv1 TSsv1c.v Vts 11 Vs1.wa  Sv1 WAsv1c.v Vwa 11 Vs1.bs  Sv1  BSsv1c.v Vbs 11
Ps1.ts  Sv1 TSsv1c.m Pts 11 Ps1.wa  Sv1 WAsv1c.m Pwa 11 Ps1.bs  Sv1  BSsv1c.m Pbs 11
Summary of the Strength and Service I Internal Member Forces

Mstr1  augment Mstr1.waMstr1.ts Mstr1.bs  
Ms1  augment Ms1.wa Ms1.ts Ms1.bs 
Vstr1  augment Vstr1.waVstr1.ts Vstr1.bs Vs1  augment Vs1.wa Vs1.ts Vs1.bs
Pstr1  augment Pstr1.waPstr1.ts Pstr1.bs Ps1  augment Ps1.wa Ps1.ts Ps1.bs

8.678  27.393  4.92  21.478  8.678  27.393   6.75  17.68  3.73  13.6  6.75  17.68 
   
5.078  23.134 8.331  2.47 3.457  2.207
  5.555  14.74 5.29  1.29 2.38  1.02

2.404  20.975 22.406 2.257 22.023 2.833   3.65  13.465 14.45 3.82 14.52 4.58 
0.554  19.335 32.261 4.93 35.462 6.424
  2.28  12.475 20.88 6.79 23.29 8.57

   
 0.487  18.096 38.965 6.532 43.536 8.584   1.48  11.71 25.19 8.57 28.56 10.97 
Mstr1   0.821  17.221 41.062 7.072 46.229 9.313   kip ft Ms1    1.17  11.145 26.55 9.17 30.32 11.78   kip ft
   
 0.482  16.68 38.947 6.532 43.536 8.584   1.33  10.765 25.18 8.57 28.56 10.97 
 0.46  16.814 32.261 4.93 35.462 6.424   1.91  10.77 20.88 6.79 23.29 8.57 
   
  1.95  17.635 22.406 2.257 22.023 2.833   2.85  11.16 14.45 3.82 14.52 4.58 
3.904  18.88 8.331  2.47 3.457  2.207   3.6  11.87 5.29  1.29 2.38  1.02 
   
4.884  21.425  4.955  21.478  8.678  27.427   3.71  13.56  3.75  13.6  6.75  17.7 
 5.141 1.974 15.343 3.249 15.998 4.275   3.56 1.165 9.74 3.61 10.44 4.75 
   
 4.112 1.416 12.934 2.538 12.799 3.411
  2.83 0.855 8.15 2.6 8.35 3.79

 3.15 0.903 10.521 1.544 9.609 2.565   2.15 0.57 6.58 1.45 6.27 2.85 
 2.255 0.435 8.121  0.174 6.406 1.71
  1.52 0.31 5.02 0.28 4.18 1.9

   
 1.441 0.021 5.918  1.975 3.203 0.855   0.95 0.08 3.57  0.94 2.09 0.95 
Vstr1   0.763  0.438 3.797  4.498 0.053  0.07   kip Vs1   0.51  0.22 2.17  2.57 0.03  0.04   kip
   
 0.43  1.13 1.712  7.056  0.855  3.956   0.325  0.7 0.79  4.22  0.95  2.52 
 0.142  1.755  0.053  10.326  1.71  7.894   0.165  1.13  0.41  6.28  1.9  5.03 
   
0.101  2.312  1.562  13.304  2.565  11.832   0.03  1.51  1.46  8.17  2.85  7.54 
  0.29  2.788  2.538  16.277  3.411  15.757   0.075  1.83  2.5  10.06  3.79  10.04 
   
0.443  3.209  3.249  19.316  4.275  19.708   0.16  2.11  3.61  12.01  4.75  12.56 
+ Axi. - Axi. + Axi. - Axi. + Axi. - Axi. + Axi. - Axi. + Axi. - Axi. + Axi. - Axi.
3.249 15.43 0.223 3.075 4.441 5.369   3.61 9.79  0.034  2.033  1.245  3.69 
   
3.249  15.43  0.223  3.075  2.114  4.441
  3.61  9.79  0.034  2.033  1.245  3.21

3.249  15.43  0.223  2.789  2.114  4.441   3.61  9.79  0.034  1.82  1.245  3.21 
3.249  15.43  0.223  2.789  2.114  4.441
  3.61  9.79  0.034  1.82  1.245  3.21

   
3.249  15.43  0.223  2.789  2.114  4.441   3.61  9.79  0.034  1.82  1.245  3.21 
Pstr1   3.249  15.43  0.223  2.789  2.114  4.441   kip Ps1   3.61  9.79  0.034  1.82  1.245  3.21   kip
   
3.249  15.43  0.223  2.789  2.114  4.441   3.61  9.79  0.034  1.82  1.245  3.21 
3.249  15.43  0.223  2.789  2.114  4.441   3.61  9.79  0.034  1.82  1.245  3.21 
   
3.249  15.43  0.223  2.789  2.114  4.441   3.61  9.79  0.034  1.82  1.245  3.21 
3.249  15.43  0.223  3.075  2.114  4.441   3.61  9.79  0.034  2.033  1.245  3.21 
   
4.615  15.43  0.223  3.075  4.441  5.369   3.61  9.79  0.034  2.033  1.245  3.69 

3.6 Critical Sections Moments and Shears
The location of the critical section for moment design is located a distance of 1.5 times the thickness of the member which
can be found by taking the distance as [Face of Section+(haunch width-(h/2))] per LRFD C5.7.3.2.1 when haunches are
considered. The location of the critical section for shear is located dv from the face of the support per LRFD 5.8.3.2. Due
to the fact that section properties are under design, the effective shear depth is therefore estimated using the reinforcing
bar diameter input in the material properties under the culvert properties tab.

Design_Height  Ht  0.5 tbs  tts  Design_Height  9.167  ft Design_Span  16.833 ft i  1  10 j  1  11
 tbs  0.5   haunchb  twa 0.5 

   10.00   "BOT" 
   55.00  "MID +" 
 0.4 Design_Height   44.00   "MID -"  exterior wall
Design_Height  tts 0.5   hauncht  twa 0.5     
   100.00   "TOP"  -------------------
 twa 0.5   hauncht  tts 0.5   6.00   "LT" 
CS moment    CS moment     in  
 0.5 Design_Span  101.00   "MID"  top slab
 Design_Span  twa 0.5   hauncht  tts 0.5  196.00   "RT" 
       -------------------
 twa 0.5   haunchb  tbs 0.5   6.00   "LT" 
  101.00   "MID" 
Design_Span  t  0.5   haunch  t  0.5  196.00   "RT" 
  wa b bs 
Db
i 2 i  i 
 tbs  0.5  d v.assume 
 1 
     
 Design_Height  t  0.5  d   55.00   "MID -"  exterior wall
ts v.assume4
      
  95.41   "TOP"  -------------------
 5   15.29   "LT" 
CS shear    CS shear     in  
 0.5 Design_Span  101.00   "MID"  top slab
  7      -------------------
 twa 0.5  dv.assume   16.19   "LT" 
 8  101.00   "MID" 
 185.81   "RT" 
  10 
LB  1 UB  1
j j 1 j j 1
LB  j  1 UB  j
LB UB

L wa  Design_Height [ 0.1 ( j  1 ) ] L ts  Design_Span [ 0.1 ( j  1 ) ] L bs  Design_Span [ 0.1 ( j  1 ) ]
j j j
 
for t  t1  t2
t
t
CSt  L trace
l
t
Per t 
L trace  Ltrace
h l
t t
t h h l l
 t t  t
Intforce


Mstr1.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts Mstr1 3 4 5 7  Vstr1.ts  Intforce CSshear L ts Vstr1 3 4 5 7 
Mstr1.bs  Intforce  CS moment L bs Mstr1 5 6 8 10 Vstr1.bs  Intforce CS shear Lbs Vstr1 5 6 8 10
Ms1.bs  Intforce CSmoment Lbs Ms1 5 6 8 10 Vs1.bs  Intforce CSshear L bs Vs1 5 6 8 10
Pstr1.wall  Intforce CS moment L wa Pstr1 1 2 1 4 
Pstr1.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts Pstr1 3 4 5 7 
Pstr1.bs  Intforce CS moment L bs Pstr1 5 6 8 10
Ps1.wall  Intforce CS moment L wa Ps1 1 2 1 4 
Ps1.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts Ps1 3 4 5 7 
Ps1.bs  Intforce CSmoment Lbs Ps1 5 6 8 10
Mstr1.all  stack Mstr1.wall submatrix Mstr1.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix Mstr1.bs 8 10 5 6  
Vstr1.all  stack Vstr1.wall submatrix Vstr1.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix Vstr1.bs 8 10 5 6  
Pstr1.all  stack Pstr1.wall submatrix Pstr1.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix Pstr1.bs 8 10 5 6  
Ms1.all  stack Ms1.wall submatrix Ms1.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix Ms1.bs 8 10 5 6  
Vs1.all  stack Vs1.wall submatrix Vs1.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix Vs1.bs 8 10 5 6  
Ps1.all  stack Ps1.wall submatrix Ps1.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix Ps1.bs 8 10 5 6  

 
Msr1 Mst  for g  1  10  
Psr1 Pst  for g  1  10

1 otherwise
1 otherwise
Pstr  Pst
Mstr  Mst
g 
g  Case
g 
g 
g  Case
g 
Pstr  1
Mstr
 
Vsr1 Vsr  for g  1  10
g  g 1 g 2 
Vstr

Mstr1  Msr1 Mstr1.all  Vstr1  Vsr1 Vstr1.all   
N str1  Psr1 Pstr1.all 
23.52   3.80  15.43   "BOT" 
       
 0.82   0.76   3.25  "MID +" 
18.10   0.76  15.43   "MID -"  exterior wall
       
19.11   2.63  15.43   "TOP"  -------------------
15.83  13.52   3.07   "LT" 
Mstr1     kip ft Vstr1     kip N str1     kip  
 41.06   4.50   0.22   "MID"  top slab
15.83  17.02   3.07   "RT" 
        -------------------
19.91  13.43   5.29   "LT" 
 46.23   0.07   2.11   "MID" 
        bottom slab
19.94  16.54   5.29   "RT" 

Ms1  Msr1 Ms1.all  Vs1  Vsr1 Vs1.all   
 15.01   2.61  9.79   "BOT" 
       
 1.17   0.51  3.61  "MID +" 
 11.71   0.51  9.79   "MID -"  exterior wall
       
 12.02   1.73  9.79   "TOP"  -------------------
 9.94   8.54  2.03   "LT" 
Ms1     kip ft Vs1     kip N s1     kip  
 26.55   2.57  0.03   "MID"  top slab
 9.94  10.53  2.03   "RT" 
        -------------------
 12.73   8.76  3.65   "LT" 
 30.32   0.04  1.25   "MID"  bottom slab
       
 12.75  10.54  3.65   "RT" 
Md.wa  Mwa
j j 1
 γDC  Mwa
j 2
 γEV  Mwa
j 3
 γDW  Mwa
j 4
 γEH 
Md.ts  Mts
j j 1
 γDC  Mts
j 2
 γEV  Mts
j 3
 γDW  Mts
j 4
 γEH 
Md.bs  Mbs
j j 1
 γDC  Mbs
j 2
 γEV  Mbs
j 3
 γDW  Mbs
j 4
 γEH 
Mp.bs  Intforce CSmoment Lbs Md.bs 1 1 8 10 
 
Md  stack Mp.wallsubmatrix Mp.ts 5 7 1 1 submatrix Mp.bs 8 10 1 1   

 7.315   "BOT" 
   
 2.255  "MID +" 
   
 5.383   "TOP"  -------------------
 4.752   "LT" 
Md     kip ft  
12.236   "MID"  top slab
4.752   "RT" 
    -------------------
 7.229   "LT" 
15.475   "MID" 
7.229   "RT" 
1.5
 wc  fc'
 kcf  ksi
Minimum eccentricity requirement i  1  10

e min  max 1 in 0.1 hi 
i
 Mstr1 
i
i  i Nstr1 
 i 
T
cecc  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
 Mstr1 Mstr1 
i i
Mstr1 emin  N str1 
 i i 
T
Mstr1  (  23.522 0.821  18.096  19.111  15.833 41.062  15.833  19.912 46.229  19.936 )  kip ft


 k Ht 
 r 
Ratio of the maximum factored permanent moment to ultimate moment q  1  4
Md
q T
β d  β d  ( 0.311 2.745 0.143 0.282 )
q Mstr1
q
3
twa  b Ec Ig
C m  1 Ig  ϕk  0.75 EIq 
12 2.5 1  βd  (LRFD 5.7.4.3-2)
2   q
π  EIq T
Pc  Pc  ( 350.182 122.587 401.74 358.189 )  kip
 k Ht
q 2
 Cm 
δq  min1.0   T
   Nstr1   (LRFD 4.5.3.2.2) δ  (1 1 1 1 )
 1   q 
 Mstr1  δq  Mstr1
   ϕk Pc   q q
   q  
The resulting magnified moment for the walls
Input Bar Size and Spacing From Eriksson Culvert at the critical sections
6   "BOT"  9 
     
4  "MID +"  14 
     
6   "TOP"  ------------------- 9 
6   "LT"   9  in
Bar NO      spacing   
6   "MID"  top slab  7  ft
6   "RT"  9 
    -------------------  
6   "LT"  9 
     
6   "RT"  9 
Bar A  Bar ASBarNO  T 2
i  i Bar A  ( 0.44 0.2 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.79 0.44 )  in
Bar D  BarDB BarNO  T

i  i Bar D  ( 0.75 0.5 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 1 0.75 )  in
Bar D
i T
d s  h i  coveri  d s  ( 8.625 8.75 8.625 8.625 11.625 12.625 11.625 12.625 12.5 12.625 )  in
i 2
BarD
  i T
d c  min coveri 2 in  d c  ( 1.375 1.25 1.375 1.375 2.375 1.375 2.375 1.375 1.5 1.375 )  in
i 2
  
fc'  4 ksi  
  ksi 

Mstr1
i T
R n  R n  ( 0.316 0.011 0.243 0.257 0.117 0.258 0.117 0.125 0.296 0.125 )  ksi
i 2
ϕf  b d s 
  i

fc'  2 Rn 
i  T
ρreq  0.85  1  1  ρreq  ( 0.0055 0.0002 0.0042 0.0044 0.002 0.0044 0.002 0.0021 0.0051 0.0021 )
i fy 0.85 fc' 
 
T 2
As_req  ρreq  ds  b As_req  ( 0.567 0.019 0.432 0.457 0.276 0.672 0.276 0.32 0.767 0.321 )  in
i i i
 BarA 
i 
T in
i  As_req  spacingreq  ( 9.306 127.653 12.212 11.543 19.113 7.863 19.113 16.489 12.354 16.469 ) 
 i ft
csp  if spacingreq  spacingi "OK" "NG" 
i  i 
T
csp  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

This process is shown below.
i
Ma  1  kip ft
while Ma  Mstr1
i
2
As_req2  As_req2  0.01in
As_req2  fy
c
0.85 fc' β1 b
 β1 c 
Mn2  As_req2  fy d s  
 i 2 

i
 hi   hi 
i 2 i  i 2
0.003  Es ds 
ab  β 1 
 i
 0.003  Es  fy
 hi 
 
 i 2
 i
Mn.all 
 o2 cc 
 Mtc2  Mcc 
 
 Mtc2  Mn2 
 
Mcc if Nstr1 = Pcc
i 0.577 
 
Mtc2 otherwise 0.019 
ϕ 0.75 if Nstr1  Pcc
0.442 
i  
0.467 
0.90 if Nstr1  Ptc2 0.286  2
i
As.req_new( i )    in
 ( 0.75  0.90)   M 0.752 
0.90     n.all  Mtc2 otherwise
  Mcc  Mtc2 
0.286 
 
Ma  ϕ Mn.all  0.33 
0.847 
As_req2  
0.331 

Bar A
i T 2
As  As  ( 0.59 0.17 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.75 0.59 0.59 0.86 0.59 )  in
i spacingi
As  fy
i
ci  T
0.85 fc' β1 b c  ( 0.86 0.25 0.86 0.86 0.86 1.11 0.86 0.86 1.27 0.86 )  in
 ds  ci 
 i 
εt  0.003    T
εt  ( 0.027 0.101 0.027 0.027 0.037 0.031 0.037 0.041 0.027 0.041 )
i
 ci 
 ci 
i  ds 
 i 
T
capacity.

a i  β 1  ci T
a  ( 0.69 0.2 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.89 0.69 0.69 1.01 0.69 )  in
 ai 
Mn  As  fy ds   T
i i  i 2 Mn  ( 24.29 7.41 24.29 24.29 33.09 45.94 33.09 36.02 51.68 36.02 )  kip ft
T
Mr  ϕf  Mn Mr  ( 24.29 7.41 24.29 24.29 33.09 45.94 33.09 36.02 51.68 36.02 )  kip ft
i i
T
Po  0.85 fc' b  hi  As   As  fy Po  ( 542.707 519.557 542.707 542.707 746.707 756.051 746.707 746.707 762.046
i  i i
 hi   hi 
i i i i i 2 i i  i 2
T
Ptc  ( 96.762 123.589 96.762 96.762 142.662 147.905 142.662 157.962 139.541 157.962 )  kip
T
Mtc  ( 51.391 44.353 51.391 51.391 91.474 103.409 91.474 98.695 105.38 98.695 )  kip ft
0.003  Es ds 
a b  β 1 
 i
Pcc  0.85 fc' b a b  As  fy  hi 
i  0.003  Es  fy  i i i Mcc  0.85 fc' b a b  h i  a b   0.5  As  fy d s 
i i  i i  i 2

T
Pcc  ( 173.067 201 173.067 173.067 245.508 259.598 245.508 269.655 250.128 269.655 )  kip
T
Mcc  ( 61.974 54.778 61.974 61.974 112.936 123.118 112.936 118.404 125.339 118.404 )  kip ft
Pdia  0 kip Ptc Pcc Po  Mdia  Mn Mtc Mcc 0 kip ft 

i  i i i i  i i i 

 i i
 N  P   Mtc if Ptc  N str1  Pcc Ext. Wall Mid -

 i i 400
 Mtc  Mn 
 i i
 i 
Mcc if Nstr1 = Pcc 200
i i i
Mtc otherwise
i
i i
0
0 20 40 60 80
i i
 ( 0.75  0.90)   M
0.90    n.all  Mtc  otherwise
  T
ϕ  ( 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 )
i i Ma  ( 25.75 7.55 25.75 25.75 30.91 41.42 30.91 34.31 47.24 34.31 )  kip ft

fc'
ksi

b hi  3
Ig 
i 12
yi 
Neutral Axis 2
Ig
i
i yi
T
Mcr  fr Sc Mcr  ( 13.789 13.789 13.789 13.789 27.027 27.027 27.027 27.027 27.027 27.027 )  kip ft
i i
T
1.2 Mcr  ( 16.55 16.55 16.55 16.55 32.43 32.43 32.43 32.43 32.43 32.43 )  kip ft
i  i  i i 
T
 As 
 i 
c4.3.2  if   0.001 "OK" "NG"  (LRFD 12.11.4.3.2)
i
 b hi 
T

700  γe dc
β s fss 
0.7 h  dc 
0.75 otherwise
 dc  As Es

β s  1 
i  ρi 
i
n  (LRFD 5.7.1) n  6.765
i  0.7hi  dc   b ds Ec
  i  i
Ms1.abs  Ms1
Simplified Method i i
 Ms1.abs hi 
e i  max  1.15 ds 
i
 ds    
ei 1
 Ns1 i 2 i j i  min0.9 0.74  0.1   i 12.11.3 
 i    ds  i  ds 
  i   i
1  j i e 
 i 
 hi 
Ms1.abs  N s1  d s   700 in γe
fss 
i i  i 2
(LRFD C.12.11.3) smax1   2  dc
i As  j i i12.11.3  d s i fss i (LRFD 5.7.3.4)
i i i i
βs 
i ksi
T
fss  ( 30.65 5.516 21.962 22.788 17.507 37.151 17.507 19.781 36.789 19.807 )  ksi
T
smax1  ( 15.85 102.9 23.21 22.27 26.2 13.56 26.2 27.87 13.24 27.83 )  in
smax2  min 1.5 h i 18in  (LRFD 5.10.3.2)

i
T
smax  minsmax1 smax2  smax  ( 15 15 15 15 18 13.6 18 18 13.2 18 )  in
i  i i

i  i 
T
cm.s  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

Rigorous Method
h
in
As 2 Ms1.abs
Area of Reinforcing steel As.r  in Applied Moment
2 Mr  kip in
in kip in
in kip
Steel Centroid to
d c.r  dc
tension fiber
Guess x  3
Given
   h r 
 2   hr  As.r   h r  As.r
3 i  i  i i  i
Pr  d r  x  3 Mr  Pr  d r    3  Pr  d r x  6  n  Mr  Pr  dr     x  6  n Mr  Pr  d r    b  d =0
i i   i i  i 2  i 
i  i i  i 2  r r
b  d  i i  i 2  r r
i i
T
x  ( 0.29 0.498 0.306 0.304 0.23 0.228 0.23 0.231 0.247 0.231 ) in
  h r 
i 
2 ksiMr  Pr  dr  
xi  i i i 2   1  
j i  1  fc  fss  max fc  n   1 0.0001ksi
 i
 xi  
i i
T
fc  ( 1.842 0.145 1.436 1.475 0.748 1.581 0.748 0.85 1.746 0.851 )  ksi
 d c.r   700 in γe 


β s.r  1 
i  smax.r  min  2  d c.r 99.99 in
 0.7hr  in  dc.r   (LRFD 5.7.3.4)
i i  fss i 
  i i 
 βs.r 
i

 i ksi 
fss  ( 30.48 0.986 22.045 22.846 16.975 36.187 16.975 19.134 36.049 19.158 )  ksi
smax.r  ( 15.96 99.99 23.11 22.21 27.17 13.99 27.17 28.91 13.58 28.87 )  in
by 1-2% typically.

i  i 
i

i  i 
T


Input Bar Size and
Spacing From
ET Culvert
4  12   "CE1-Top Slab" 

Bar NO.ts  4  spacingts  12  in  "C1-Walls" 
ii  1  3
4  12  "C1-Bottom Slab" 
     
Bar D.ts  BarDB BarNO.ts  T

ii ii Bar D.ts  ( 0.5 0.5 0.5 )  in
Bar A.ts  BarASBar NO.ts  T 2

ii  ii Bar A.ts  ( 0.2 0.2 0.2 )  in
BarA.ts 2
ii T in
As.ts  As.ts  ( 0.2 0.2 0.2 ) 
ii spacingts ft
ii
1.3 b hts
ii
As.ts.req 
ii b  hts  (LRFD 5.10.8)
fy
2
 ii

in ksi

h ts  max tts tbs twa  As.ts.req  0.001  h ts b
As.ts.req  0.168  in
2

ii 
  ii 
T
check5.10.8_1  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" ) (LRFD 5.10.8-1)
check5.10.8_2  if 0.11in  1 ft  As.ts   ii  0.60in2 "OK" "NG" 

2
ii 
T
ii

smax.ts  min 3  hts 18in  T
smax.ts  ( 18 18 18 )  in
(LRFD 5.10.8)

ii
 T
smax.ts2  ( 18 18 18 )  in
(LRFD 5.10.3.2)
checkmax.ts  if spacingts  minsmax.ts smax.ts2  "OK" "NG" 

T
checkmax.ts  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" )


5  8   "C100-Top Slab" 
iii  1  2
Bar NO.ds    spacingds    in  
5  7  "C200-Bottom Slab" 

iii iii Bar D.ds  ( 0.625 0.625 )  in

iii  iii Bar A.ds  ( 0.31 0.31 )  in
BarA.ds 2
iii T in
As.ds  As.ds  ( 0.465 0.531 ) 
iii spacingds ft
iii
p s.dis  min
 2.2
0.67

(LRFD 9.7.3.2) p s.dis  53.621 %
Design_Span
 
 ft 
As
6 2
As.dis.top  p s.dis in
ft As.dis.top  0.404 
ft
Bottom Slab Distribution steel requirement
As 2
9 in
As.dis.bot  p s.dis As.dis.bot  0.462 
ft ft
checktop.dis  if As.dis.top  As.ds "OK" "NG"  checktop.dis  "OK"
 1 
checkbottom.dis  if As.dis.bot  As.ds "OK" "NG"  checkbottom.dis  "OK"
 2 
Per LRFD (5.14.5.3), the provisions of (5.8) apply to fill depths less than 2ft for both the sidewalls and top slab.
β  2.0 (LRFD 5.8.3.4.1)

 ai 
d v  max 0.9 ds 0.72 hi d s   (LRFD 5.8.2.9)
i  i i 2
T
d v  ( 8.28 8.649 8.28 8.28 11.28 12.181 11.28 12.28 11.993 12.28 )  in
  fc' 
Vc  min0.25 fc' b  dv 0.0316ksi β    b d v  (LRFD 5.8.3.3)
T
Vr  Vc  ϕv Vc  ( 14.041 14.668 14.041 14.041 19.129 20.657 19.129 20.825 20.338 20.825 )  kip
i i
T
Vr  ( 12.64 13.2 12.64 12.64 17.22 18.59 17.22 18.74 18.3 18.74 )  kip
csh  if Vr  Vstr1 "OK" "NG"  T


3.11 Critical Sections Moments and Shears Comparison
Critical Sections Result Comparison

Bot Mid + Mid - Top LT Mid RT LT Mid RT
Traffic Parallel -25.20 0.26 -16.82 -18.13 -14.78 43.26 -14.78 -20.81 32.94 -20.81
Moment
Design
1 lane -24.55 0.33 -18.20 -17.33 -13.79 39.01 -13.79 -17.20 34.01 -17.20
(kip*ft)
Traffic
Perpendicular 2 lane -23.46 0.98 -17.95 -19.19 -15.96 40.95 -15.96 -16.80 56.96 -16.80
Shear (kip)
Traffic Parallel 4.98 1.90 1.90 -2.13 14.53 4.97 14.53 12.41 0.10 12.41
Design
Traffic 1 lane 4.45 1.36 1.36 -2.07 12.66 3.80 15.94 12.29 0.06 10.36
Perpendicular 2 lane 3.87 0.72 0.72 -2.73 13.50 3.80 17.08 16.47 0.07 13.36
Table 1: Critical Sections Result Comparison for Parallel and Perpendicular traffic travel
% Difference From Perperdicular to Parallel Case

. Bot Mid + Mid - Top LT Mid RT LT Mid RT
Design Moment -7.4% 73.5% 6.3% 5.5% 7.4% -5.6% 7.4% -23.9% 42.2% -23.9%
Design Shear -28.7% -163.9% -163.9% 22.0% -7.6% -30.8% 14.9% 24.7% -42.9% 7.1%
Table 2: Critical Sections Result Percentage difference from Perpendicular to Parallel traffic travel
Table 1 and 2 show the results for the critical sections of the box culvert when the effects of skew are considered and not.
One can see from table 2 that considering the effects of skew by changing the traffic direction result in increased moment
demand on the reinforcing steel by approximately 8% in all locations of the frame. While the effect on shear is more
dependent on the location in the frame with an average decrease of 80% in the walls and 6% decrease in the top and bottom
slab. This effect increases the thickness of the slabs of the culvert and requires more reinforcing steel in all areas. The
reduction of shear in the exterior wall is not critical as this section is controlled by moment and shear demand is far below
the strength for both cases.
3.12 Critical Sections Reinforcing Comparison
Member Thickness (in)
Top Slab Bottom Slab Ext. Wall
Parallel 13 11 10
Perpendicular 14 14 10
Table 3: Member thickness Comparison
2
Steel Reinforcing (in )
Location A100 A200 A300 A400 B1 B2 A1 A2 C1 C100 C200
Parallel 0.88 0.80 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.20 0.24 0.20
Perpendicular 0.80 1.05 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.20 0.47 0.59
Table 4: Steel Reinforcing Comparison for Parallel and Perpendicular traffic travel
Tables 3 and 4 show the conservative design results obtained when considering the effects of skew by switching the
orientation of the traffic direction. This process is slightly different than the method used in modifying bridge components for
skew effects. The effect of skew on superstructure components has been shown to lead to an increase in shear at the
obtuse corner and a reduction in moment demand as the load path is changed to the shortest path (Zoakie, 2000). However
this method produces a conservative design result.

3.13 Buoyancy Check
Weight: 
Volts  L tts W  twa 2  164.889 ft  3

Volbs  L tbs W  twa 2  164.889 ft  3
3
Volwall  L  twa Ht  53.333 ft

weightculvert  wc Volts  Volbs  2  Volwall  65.467 kip 

weightsoil  Hs L  2  twa  W  120 pcf  33.75 kip
weight  weightculvert  weightsoil  99.217 kip
Buoyant force:   
Fbuoyancy  ww L twa 2  W   H t  tts  tbs  91.132 kip
  
Sliding resistance: 
height  H t  0.5 tbs  tts  9.167 ft 
 tts 
Ftop  γsmax  Hs    0.154 ksf
 2
 tts 
Fbot  γsmax  Hs  height    0.704 ksf
 2
L height Ftop  Fbot 

   
Fresistance   31.489 kip
2
Factor of safety:
 weight  Fresistance
FS   1.434
Fbuoyancy

References
Zoakie, Toorak (2000) AASHTO-LRFD Live Load Distribution Factors, Journal of Bridge Engineering, Vol. 5 (2), 131-138
QC comparison table
Steel reinforcement req Flexural strength check Shear strength check

2
As.req_new( 6 )  0.752  in Ma  41.42  kip ft
 "BOT" 
6 Vr  18.59  kip  
2
As.req_new( 9 )  0.847  in Ma  30.91  kip ft 6 "MID +" 
5 Vr  17.22  kip  "MID -" 
As.req_new( 4 )  0.467  in
2
Ma  47.24  kip ft 5  
9 Vr  18.30  kip  "TOP" 
As.req_new( 1 )  0.577  in
2
Ma  34.31  kip ft 9  "LT" 
8 Vr  18.74  kip
 
8  "MID" 
2 Ma  25.75  kip ft
As.ts.req  0.168  in 1  "RT" 
Vr  12.64  kip  
1
As.ts.req  0.168  in
2 Ma  7.55 kip ft
2
 "LT" 
Vr  13.20  kip  "MID" 
2
in
2 Ma  25.75  kip ft  
As.dis.top  0.404  4 Vr  12.64  kip  "RT" 
ft 4
2
in
As.dis.bot  0.462 
ft
Crack control check ET
smax.r  13.99  in 3
6
smax.r  13.58  in 4
9
smax.r  23.11  in 6
3
smax.r  22.21  in 1
4
smax.r  15.96  in 2
1

Eriksson
Culvert
Top Slab Left End 4.40 4.41 -0.2%
Bottom Slab Right End 10.54 10.54 0.0%
Interior Wall Bottom 5.57 5.61 -0.7%
Interior Wall Midspan 3.46 3.46 0.0%
Interior Wall Top 5.57 5.56 0.2%

Exterior Wall Midspan (+) 7.27 7.40 -1.8%
Interior Wall Bottom 7.27 7.34 -1.0%
Interior Wall Midspan 7.34 7.34 0.0%
Interior Wall Top 7.34 7.34 0.0%
Shear Spacing Check

Crack Control Check

Top Slab Positive Moment Reinforcing 13.48 13.52 -0.3%
Top Slab Negative Moment Reinforcing 12.31 12.28 0.2%
Bottom Slab Negative Moment Reinforcing 17.94 17.95 -0.1%
Load Rating
MBE 6A.4.2.1
Top Slab RT-Shear Inventory Rating 1.51 1.50 0.7%
Bottom Slab RT-Shear Inventory Rating 1.71 1.71 0.2%

By:RAA

Physical Dimensions
Clear Span: 7'-0"
Clear Height: 5'-0"
Top Slab: 8"
Bottom Slab: 8"
Ext. Wall: 6" z
Int. Wall: 6"
5'-0"
x
Fill Depth: 1.99 ft
Length: 5'-0"
Top Haunch, Height: 8" 15'-6"
Bottom Haunch, Height: 8"
Material Properties
Concrete
Strength, f'c: 5.000 ksi Plan View
Density: 0.150 kcf
Type: Normal wt
Steel
Yield, fy: 65 ksi
8"
Soil
Density: 0.120 kcf
y
Exposure Factor
5'-0"
Class 1 Exposure x
Ext. Cover Walls 1"
8"
Int. Cover Walls 1"
Int. Top Slab 1" 6" 14'-6" 6"
Loads
Live Load
Traffic Direction: Parallel Typical Section
Eq. Height of Soil: 2.00 ft (Entered)
Max No. of Lanes: 1
Dead Load
Lateral Soil Loads

By:RAA
Concrete Summary

Location Mark Sheets Included As Provided
Top Slab(Int) A100 Top 0.460
Bot Slab(Int) A200 Bot 0.270
Top Slab(Ext) AE300 L&R 0.360
Bot Slab(Ext) A400 L&R 0.320
Corner(Top) AE1 L&R 0.140
Corner(Bot) A2 L&R 0.140
Wall(Int) B1 Bot 0.060
Int Wall B3 Bot 0.120
Longit. Top (Ext) CE1 L&R 0.120
Longit. Top (Int) C100 Top 0.180
Longit. Bot (Int) C200 Bot 0.120
Longit. Bot (Ext) C1 L&R 0.120
Longit. Wall (Ext) C1 L&R 0.120
Longit. Wall (Int) C1 T&B 0.120
Longit. Int C1 L&R 0.120

Job No.: 4
CULVERT PROPERTIES
==================
Operating Mode : Analysis
Physical Dimensions
-------------------
No. of Boxes: 2 Name: TwoCellBoxCulvert
Member Thicknesses: Top Slab: 8.0000 in Bot Slab: 8.0000 in
Ext Wall: 6.0000 in Int Wall: 6.0000 in
Wall Joint: None
Material Properties
-------------------
Fr Factor : 0.37
Yield,fyv : 65.00 ksi Diameter : 0.600 in Type : Mesh
Poisson's : 0.5
Loads
-----
1 8.00 0.00
2 32.00 14.00
3 32.00 14.00
Include Tandem: yes
Override MPF: no
Override DLA: no
Buoyancy Check : no
---------------------------
Max Min
DC: 1.250 0.900
DW: 1.500 0.650
EV: 1.300 0.900
EH: 1.350 0.900
WA: 1.000
LL I : 1.750 LL II : 1.350
Reinforcement
-------------
Top Slab: 2.0000 in 1.0000 in
Walls : 1.0000 in 1.0000 in

Bot Slab: 1.0000 in 1.0000 in
Assigned reinforcement: Spacing # of
Location Mark Size (in) Layers
Top Slab Inside A100 (AS2) W23 6.0000 1
Bottom Slab Inside A200 (AS3) W9 4.0000 1
Top Slab Outside AE300 (AS7) W18 6.0000 1
Bottom Slab Outside A400 (AS8) W16 6.0000 1
Top Corner AE1 (AS1) W7 6.0000 1
Bottom Corner A2 (AS1) W7 6.0000 1
Ext. Wall Inside B1 (AS4) W4 8.0000 1
Interior Wall B3 W4 4.0000 1
Longitudinal C1 (AS6) W4 4.0000 1
Top Distribution C100 (AS5) W6 4.0000 1
Bottom Distribution C200 W4 4.0000 1
Shear Steel: Zone Start End Length Area
Member # (ft) (ft) (ft) (in2/ft)
Top Slab Exterior 1 0.00 2.00 2.00 0.27
2 2.00 5.00 3.00 0.00
3 5.00 7.00 2.00 0.27
Analysis Options
----------------
User Defined Longitudinal Steel: yes
Use Eq. 12.10.4.2.4a-1: no

ANALYSIS RESULTS
================
Top Slab Thickness = 8.00 in
Bottom Slab Thickness = 8.00 in
Exterior Wall Thickness = 6.00 in
Interior Wall Thickness = 6.00 in
Volume of Concrete: 1.109 cy/ft
--------------------------
Mat As,prv
Location Mark Sheets Included Layers (in2/ft)
Top Slab (int) A100 (AS2) Top 1 0.460
Bot Slab (int) A200 (AS3) Bot 1 0.270
Top Slab (ext) AE300(AS7) L&R 1 0.360
Bot Slab (ext) A400 (AS8) L&R 1 0.320
Corner Top-U AE1 (AS1) L&R 1 0.140
Corner Bottom-U A2 (AS1) L&R 1 0.140
Ext Wall (int) B1 (AS4) Bot 1 0.060
Int Wall B3 Bot 1 0.120
Temperature ( 1) CE1 (AS6) L&R 1 0.120
Top Slab (int- 1) C100 (AS5) Top 1 0.180
Bot Slab (int- 1) C200 Bot 1 0.120
Temperature ( 1) C1 (AS6) L&R 1 0.120
Temperature ( 1) C1 (AS6) T&B 1 0.120
AS Bar Marks
----------------
Location Controling Case Prv Area in2/ft
Transverse Side Wall - Outside Face (AS1) c 0.14
Transverse Bottom Slab - Inside Face (AS3) c 0.27
Sheet Inventory
---------------
Interior sheets - 2 sheet layout with laps located in the wall
Sheet |-------------------------Line Wires-------------------| |-Cross Wires(L,tot= 4-11)-|
Loc. Mat Zone Size Spac. Length Area H leg V leg Mat Size Spac. Area Wgt
Mark (in) (ft-in)(in2/ft)(ft-in)(ft-in) Mark (in) (in2/ft) (lbs)
Top A100 Base W23 6.00 13- 7 0.460 7- 2 3- 3 C100 W6 4.00 0.180 151
B1 Base W4 8.00 13- 1 0.060 7- 2 2-12 C1 W4 4.00 0.120 21
B3 Base W4 4.00 13- 1 0.120 7- 2 2-12 C1 W4 4.00 0.120 21
(2) sheets, Total weight: 386
Bot A200 Base W9 4.00 13- 1 0.270 7- 2 2-12 C200 W4 4.00 0.120 91
B1 Base W4 8.00 13- 1 0.060 7- 2 2-12 C1 W4 4.00 0.120 21
B3 Base W4 4.00 13- 1 0.120 7- 2 2-12 C1 W4 4.00 0.120 21
Exterior sheets - 2 sheet layout with laps located in the slab

Sheet |-------------------------Line Wires-------------------| |-Cross Wires(L,tot= 4-11)-|
Loc. Mat Zone Size Spac. Length Area H leg V leg Mat Size Spac. Area Wgt
Mark (in) (ft-in)(in2/ft)(ft-in)(ft-in) Mark (in) (in2/ft) (lbs)
L&R A300 Base W18 6.00 22- 5 0.360 8- 2 6- 1 C1 W4 4.00 0.120 187
A1 Base W7 6.00 4- 6 0.140 1- 2 3- 4 C1 W4 4.00 0.120 -----
A2 Base W7 6.00 4- 7 0.140 1- 2 3- 5 C1 W4 4.00 0.120 -----
A400 Base W16 6.00 22- 3 0.320 8- 1 6- 1 C1 W4 4.00 0.120 50

Weight of Steel: 225 lb/ft Total weight of all sheets: 1126
Notes:
Epoxy coating may be needed for A1, A300, and some C1 reinforcement, check with governing agency.
L&R - left and right, TC - top corner, BC - bottom corner, INT - interior walls, EXT - exterior walls
Nested line wires are additive to the base line wires, but nested cross wires replace base cross wires.
Adder sheets may require cross wires, check with mesh supplier.
--------------------
Bar Splice Length
Mark Size (ft-in)
B1 W4 0- 9
B3 W4 0- 9
C1 W4 0- 9
CE1 W4 0- 9
C100 W6 0- 9
C200 W4 0- 9
-------------------------
Flexure Shear
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
(AA) HL-93 1.99 2 MID 1.06 1.37 1.99 2 RT 1.51 1.95

----------------------------------
BOT 9.00 -2.31 11.96 3.61 4.85 5.21 0.90 0.14 5.96 2.89 3.75 AA 1.99
MID 34.00 0.84 1.23 1.58 4.89 1.62 0.90 0.06 5.96 2.93 3.80 AA 1.99
MID- 34.00 -1.99 11.82 3.61 4.85 5.18 0.90 0.14 5.96 2.58 3.34 AA 1.99
TOP 9.00 -3.76 11.96 3.61 4.85 5.21 0.90 0.14 5.96 1.48 1.92 AA 1.99
LT 7.00 -1.94 2.07 4.37 5.85 4.40 0.90 0.14 10.59 2.64 3.42 AA 1.99
MID 36.00 13.73 0.16 16.04 6.73 14.47 0.90 0.46 10.59 1.06 1.37 AA 1.99
RT 7.00 -7.13 1.17 10.79 5.76 9.96 0.90 0.36 10.59 1.51 1.96 AA 1.99
Member 3: (Interior Wall), Thickness = 6.00 in
BOT 9.00 -1.40 16.75 3.13 4.89 5.57 0.90 0.12 5.96 6.22 8.06 AA 1.99
MID 34.00 1.03 3.92 3.13 4.89 3.46 0.90 0.12 5.96 3.35 4.34 AA 1.99
TOP 9.00 -2.95 16.75 3.13 4.89 5.57 0.90 0.12 5.96 1.88 2.44 AA 1.99
LT 7.00 -1.45 2.48 5.13 6.85 5.15 0.90 0.14 10.59 6.08 7.88 AA 1.99
MID 36.00 6.28 0.41 9.74 6.83 8.85 0.90 0.27 10.59 1.57 2.03 AA 1.99
RT 7.00 -7.56 1.41 11.39 6.77 10.54 0.90 0.32 10.59 1.55 2.00 AA 1.99

------------------------------------------
BOT 8.32 1.91 -2.3 11.96 4.76 7.27 2.000 8.07b 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.12 9.23 AA 1.99
MID 34.00 0.41 0.8 1.23 4.85 7.40 2.000 8.22b 0.00 0.00 0.00 17.05 22.10 AA 1.99
MID- 34.00 0.41 -2.0 11.82 4.76 7.27 2.000 8.07b 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.62 16.36 AA 1.99
TOP 8.32 -1.78 -3.8 11.96 4.76 7.27 2.000 8.07b 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.28 8.14 AA 1.99

LT 8.76 10.06 -1.9 2.07 5.76 16.38 2.000 9.77b 8.43 0.27 4.61 1.71 2.22 AA 1.99
MID 45.00 4.07 13.7 0.16 6.44 9.82 2.000 10.91b 0.00 0.00 5.15 2.28 2.95 AA 1.99
RT 8.76 11.40 -7.1 1.17 5.76 16.37 2.000 9.77b 8.42 0.27 4.61 1.51 1.95 AA 1.99
BOT 8.32 0.92 -1.4 16.75 4.81 7.34 2.000 8.16b 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.96 10.32 AA 1.99
MID 34.00 0.92 1.0 3.92 4.81 7.34 2.000 8.16b 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.96 10.32 AA 1.99
TOP 8.32 0.92 -3.0 16.75 4.81 7.34 2.000 8.16b 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.96 10.32 AA 1.99
LT 9.03 4.54 -1.4 2.48 6.76 10.32 2.000 11.47b 0.00 0.00 5.41 2.90 3.76 AA 1.99
MID 45.00 0.01 6.3 0.41 6.66 10.16 2.000 11.29b 0.00 0.00 5.33 NC NC AA 1.99
RT 9.03 6.69 -7.6 1.41 6.57 10.03 2.000 11.14b 0.00 0.00 5.26 1.71 2.22 AA 1.99

========================================================================================================
Analysis Results: Fill Depth = 1.99 ft
========================================================================================================
Load Parameters:
---------------
Fe = 1.03
------------------------
----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
Bottom Bottom
1- 0 -0.26 -0.25 0.00 -0.69 -0.25 0.00 1- 0 0.03 0.00 0.00 1.05 0.34 0.00
1- 1 -0.24 -0.25 0.00 -0.17 -0.08 0.00 1- 1 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.79 0.27 0.00
1- 2 -0.22 -0.25 0.00 0.21 0.06 0.00 1- 2 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.55 0.20 0.00
1- 3 -0.20 -0.25 0.00 0.46 0.15 0.00 1- 3 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.33 0.14 0.00
1- 4 -0.18 -0.25 0.00 0.58 0.21 0.00 1- 4 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.07 0.00
1- 5 -0.16 -0.26 0.00 0.60 0.23 0.00 1- 5 0.03 0.00 0.00 -0.06 0.00 0.00
1- 6 -0.14 -0.26 0.00 0.52 0.21 0.00 1- 6 0.03 0.00 0.00 -0.23 -0.07 0.00
1- 7 -0.12 -0.26 0.00 0.35 0.15 0.00 1- 7 0.03 0.00 0.00 -0.38 -0.14 0.00
1- 8 -0.10 -0.26 0.00 0.10 0.06 0.00 1- 8 0.03 0.00 0.00 -0.50 -0.20 0.00
1- 9 -0.08 -0.26 0.00 -0.22 -0.08 0.00 1- 9 0.03 0.00 0.00 -0.61 -0.27 0.00
1-10 -0.06 -0.26 0.00 -0.59 -0.25 0.00 1-10 0.03 0.00 0.00 -0.70 -0.34 0.00
Top Top
Left Left
2- 0 -0.06 -0.26 0.00 -0.60 -0.25 0.00 2- 0 0.35 0.74 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00
2- 1 0.15 0.22 0.00 -0.51 -0.21 0.00 2- 1 0.22 0.56 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00
2- 2 0.28 0.58 0.00 -0.42 -0.18 0.00 2- 2 0.14 0.38 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00
2- 3 0.36 0.79 0.00 -0.33 -0.14 0.00 2- 3 0.07 0.19 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00
2- 4 0.38 0.87 0.00 -0.24 -0.10 0.00 2- 4 -0.01 0.01 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00
2- 5 0.35 0.81 0.00 -0.15 -0.06 0.00 2- 5 -0.08 -0.17 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00
2- 6 0.26 0.61 0.00 -0.06 -0.03 0.00 2- 6 -0.16 -0.36 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00
2- 7 0.11 0.27 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.00 2- 7 -0.23 -0.54 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00
2- 8 -0.09 -0.21 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00 2- 8 -0.31 -0.72 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00
2- 9 -0.35 -0.82 0.00 0.20 0.09 0.00 2- 9 -0.39 -0.91 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00
2-10 -0.69 -1.57 0.00 0.29 0.12 0.00 2-10 -0.52 -1.09 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00
Right Right
Member 3: (Interior Wall) Member 3: (Interior Wall)
Bottom Bottom
3- 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3- 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3- 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3- 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3- 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3- 4 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3- 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 6 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3- 6 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3- 7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3- 8 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3- 9 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3-10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3-10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Top Top
Left Left
4- 0 -0.26 -0.25 0.00 -0.69 -0.25 0.00 4- 0 0.62 0.74 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00
4- 1 0.15 0.24 0.00 -0.59 -0.21 0.00 4- 1 0.46 0.55 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00
4- 2 0.44 0.59 0.00 -0.49 -0.18 0.00 4- 2 0.31 0.37 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00
4- 3 0.62 0.79 0.00 -0.38 -0.14 0.00 4- 3 0.16 0.19 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00
4- 4 0.69 0.87 0.00 -0.28 -0.10 0.00 4- 4 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00
4- 5 0.64 0.80 0.00 -0.17 -0.06 0.00 4- 5 -0.14 -0.18 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00
4- 6 0.48 0.60 0.00 -0.07 -0.03 0.00 4- 6 -0.29 -0.36 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00
4- 7 0.21 0.25 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.00 4- 7 -0.44 -0.55 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00
4- 8 -0.17 -0.23 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00 4- 8 -0.59 -0.73 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00
4- 9 -0.67 -0.84 0.00 0.24 0.09 0.00 4- 9 -0.74 -0.92 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00
4-10 -1.28 -1.60 0.00 0.35 0.13 0.00 4-10 -0.89 -1.10 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00
Right Right

-----------------------------------
1 -0.35 -0.74 0.00 -0.12 -0.05 0.00
2 0.03 0.00 0.00 -0.70 -0.34 0.00
3 -1.03 -2.18 0.00 0.24 0.10 0.00
4 -0.03 0.00 0.00 -1.05 -0.34 0.00
No. (k) Previous (ft)
Truck 1 1.36 0.00
2 5.42 14.00
3 5.42 14.00
Tandem 1 4.23 0.00
2 4.23 4.00
--------------------

-------------------------------------------
Vehicle Axle Weight Dist. From Vehicle Axle Weight Dist. From
No. (k) Left End (ft) No. (k) Left End (ft)
Truck 1 1.36 17.75 Truck 1 1.36 18.50
2 5.42 3.75 2 5.42 4.50
3 5.42 -10.25 3 5.42 -9.50
Truck 1 1.36 14.25 Truck 1 1.36 21.13
2 5.42 0.25 2 5.42 7.13
3 5.42 -13.75 3 5.42 -6.88
Tandem 1 4.23 7.00 Tandem 1 4.23 9.25
2 4.23 3.00 2 4.23 5.25
Tandem 1 4.23 4.13 Tandem 1 4.23 7.38
2 4.23 0.13 2 4.23 3.38

-----------------------------------------------
Truck Tandem Lane
Bottom
1- 0 0.00 -0.93 0.23 -0.33 0.00 -0.82 0.24 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 1 0.00 -0.86 0.23 -0.33 0.00 -0.68 0.24 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 2 0.00 -0.86 0.23 -0.33 0.00 -0.66 0.24 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 3 0.00 -0.87 0.23 -0.33 0.00 -0.82 0.24 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 4 0.00 -0.87 0.23 -0.33 0.00 -0.98 0.24 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 5 0.01 -1.00 0.23 -0.33 0.01 -1.14 0.24 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 6 0.13 -1.19 0.23 -0.33 0.08 -1.31 0.24 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 7 0.25 -1.38 0.23 -0.33 0.20 -1.47 0.24 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 8 0.38 -1.56 0.23 -0.33 0.33 -1.63 0.24 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 9 0.50 -1.75 0.23 -0.33 0.47 -1.80 0.24 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1-10 0.63 -1.93 0.23 -0.33 0.61 -1.96 0.24 -0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Top
Left
2- 0 0.63 -1.93 5.17 -0.44 0.61 -1.96 5.74 -0.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 1 2.95 -0.26 4.83 -0.56 2.21 -0.04 5.01 -0.46 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 2 4.89 -0.16 4.24 -0.88 4.24 -0.12 4.13 -0.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 3 6.32 -0.42 3.62 -1.49 5.49 -0.43 3.28 -1.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 4 7.05 -0.73 2.99 -2.11 5.84 -0.77 2.48 -1.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 5 7.07 -1.06 2.37 -2.74 5.52 -1.11 1.85 -2.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 6 6.42 -1.38 1.77 -3.35 5.32 -1.46 1.16 -3.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 7 5.21 -1.71 1.22 -3.93 4.35 -1.80 0.64 -3.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 8 3.59 -2.04 0.72 -4.46 2.47 -2.15 0.22 -4.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 9 1.77 -2.36 0.30 -4.92 0.00 -2.58 0.00 -5.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2-10 0.01 -4.52 0.00 -5.29 0.00 -5.17 0.00 -6.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right
Member 3: (Interior Wall)
Bottom
3- 0 0.83 -0.83 0.47 -0.47 0.91 -0.91 0.53 -0.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 1 0.56 -0.56 0.47 -0.47 0.61 -0.61 0.53 -0.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 2 0.31 -0.31 0.47 -0.47 0.31 -0.31 0.53 -0.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 3 0.09 -0.09 0.47 -0.47 0.07 -0.07 0.53 -0.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 4 0.30 -0.30 0.47 -0.47 0.29 -0.29 0.53 -0.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 5 0.55 -0.55 0.47 -0.47 0.59 -0.59 0.53 -0.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 6 0.81 -0.81 0.47 -0.47 0.89 -0.89 0.53 -0.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 7 1.07 -1.07 0.47 -0.47 1.19 -1.19 0.53 -0.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 8 1.34 -1.34 0.47 -0.47 1.49 -1.49 0.53 -0.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3- 9 1.60 -1.60 0.47 -0.47 1.78 -1.78 0.53 -0.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3-10 1.87 -1.87 0.47 -0.47 2.08 -2.08 0.53 -0.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Top
Left
4- 0 0.00 -0.93 2.24 0.00 0.00 -0.82 1.74 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 1 0.65 0.00 1.69 0.00 0.81 0.00 1.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 2 1.68 0.00 1.15 0.00 1.63 0.00 0.89 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 3 2.34 0.00 0.61 0.00 2.13 0.00 0.47 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 4 2.60 0.00 0.07 -0.06 2.31 0.00 0.05 -0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 5 2.45 0.00 0.00 -0.52 2.18 0.00 0.00 -0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 6 1.89 0.00 0.00 -1.06 1.73 0.00 0.00 -0.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 7 0.92 0.00 0.00 -1.61 0.96 0.00 0.00 -1.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 8 0.01 -0.82 0.00 -2.15 0.01 -0.93 0.00 -1.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 9 0.00 -2.63 0.00 -2.69 0.00 -2.38 0.00 -2.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4-10 0.00 -4.85 0.00 -3.23 0.00 -4.15 0.00 -2.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right

--------------------
A1 Top Corner Bar -2.3 -7.15 15.51 6.00 31.41
A2 Bot Corner Bar -1.5 -7.15 3.56 6.00 99.99
A100 Top Slab (int) 8.2 -0.08 34.40 6.00 13.48
A300 Top Slab (ext) -4.5 -0.65 26.81 6.00 12.31
A200 Bot Slab (int) 4.0 -0.23 27.42 4.00 18.18
A400 Bot Slab (ext) -4.8 -0.80 27.28 6.00 17.94
B1 Ext Wall (int) 0.4 -0.80 10.79 8.00 46.71

--------------------------------------------------
BOT 9.00 -2.31 11.96 3.61 4.85 5.21 0.90 0.14 5.96 2.89 3.75
MID 34.00 0.84 1.23 1.58 4.89 1.62 0.90 0.06 5.96 2.93 3.80
MID- 34.00 -1.99 11.82 3.61 4.85 5.18 0.90 0.14 5.96 2.58 3.34
TOP 9.00 -3.76 11.96 3.61 4.85 5.21 0.90 0.14 5.96 1.48 1.92
LT 7.00 -1.94 2.07 4.37 5.85 4.40 0.90 0.14 10.59 2.64 3.42
MID 36.00 13.73 0.16 16.04 6.73 14.47 0.90 0.46 10.59 1.06 1.37
RT 7.00 -7.13 1.17 10.79 5.76 9.96 0.90 0.36 10.59 1.51 1.96
BOT 9.00 -1.40 16.75 3.13 4.89 5.57 0.90 0.12 5.96 6.22 8.06
MID 34.00 1.03 3.92 3.13 4.89 3.46 0.90 0.12 5.96 3.35 4.34
TOP 9.00 -2.95 16.75 3.13 4.89 5.57 0.90 0.12 5.96 1.88 2.44
LT 7.00 -1.45 2.48 5.13 6.85 5.15 0.90 0.14 10.59 6.08 7.88
MID 36.00 6.28 0.41 9.74 6.83 8.85 0.90 0.27 10.59 1.57 2.03
RT 7.00 -7.56 1.41 11.39 6.77 10.54 0.90 0.32 10.59 1.55 2.00
---------------------------------------------------------
BOT 8.32 1.91 -2.3 11.96 4.76 7.27 2.000 45.00 8.07b 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.12 9.23
MID 34.00 0.41 0.8 1.23 4.85 7.40 2.000 45.00 8.22b 0.00 0.00 0.00 17.05 22.10
MID- 34.00 0.41 -2.0 11.82 4.76 7.27 2.000 45.00 8.07b 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.62 16.36
TOP 8.32 -1.78 -3.8 11.96 4.76 7.27 2.000 45.00 8.07b 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.28 8.14
LT 8.76 10.06 -1.9 2.07 5.76 16.38 2.000 45.00 9.77b 8.43 0.27 4.61 1.71 2.22
MID 45.00 4.07 13.7 0.16 6.44 9.82 2.000 45.00 10.91b 0.00 0.00 5.15 2.28 2.95
RT 8.76 11.40 -7.1 1.17 5.76 16.37 2.000 45.00 9.77b 8.42 0.27 4.61 1.51 1.95
BOT 8.32 0.92 -1.4 16.75 4.81 7.34 2.000 45.00 8.16b 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.96 10.32
MID 34.00 0.92 1.0 3.92 4.81 7.34 2.000 45.00 8.16b 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.96 10.32
TOP 8.32 0.92 -3.0 16.75 4.81 7.34 2.000 45.00 8.16b 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.96 10.32

LT 9.03 4.54 -1.4 2.48 6.76 10.32 2.000 45.00 11.47b 0.00 0.00 5.41 2.90 3.76
MID 45.00 0.01 6.3 0.41 6.66 10.16 2.000 45.00 11.29b 0.00 0.00 5.33 NC NC
RT 9.03 6.69 -7.6 1.41 6.57 10.03 2.000 45.00 11.14b 0.00 0.00 5.26 1.71 2.22

----------------------------------------
Bottom
1- 0 -1.263 -3.649 0.709 11.958 2.483 0.413
1- 1 -0.771 -2.491 0.709 11.958 2.010 0.177
1- 2 -0.037 -1.918 1.232 11.818 1.564 -0.041
1- 3 0.482 -1.678 1.232 11.818 1.143 -0.243
1- 4 0.771 -1.744 1.232 11.818 0.748 -0.426
1- 5 0.843 -1.992 1.232 11.818 0.407 -0.621
1- 6 0.791 -2.330 0.850 11.818 0.258 -0.964
1- 7 0.693 -2.748 0.850 11.818 0.126 -1.280
1- 8 0.430 -3.235 0.850 11.818 0.012 -1.571
1- 9 0.241 -4.014 0.709 11.958 -0.085 -1.836
1-10 0.148 -5.082 0.709 11.958 -0.165 -2.074
Top
Left
2- 0 0.140 -5.094 0.165 2.074 11.703 0.709
2- 1 5.188 -1.038 0.165 2.074 10.015 0.124
2- 2 9.289 -0.098 0.165 1.510 8.337 -0.767
2- 3 12.247 0.049 0.165 2.074 6.924 -2.158
2- 4 13.727 -0.241 0.165 2.074 5.490 -3.586
2- 5 13.715 -0.781 0.165 2.074 4.067 -5.018
2- 6 12.291 -1.571 0.165 2.074 2.686 -6.424
2- 7 9.662 -2.640 1.074 1.165 1.380 -7.771
2- 8 6.141 -4.034 1.074 1.165 0.180 -9.572
2- 9 2.018 -5.833 1.074 1.165 -0.886 -11.353
2-10 -1.421 -11.679 1.510 1.165 -1.201 -13.078
Right
Member 3: (Interior Wall)
Bottom
3- 0 1.584 -1.584 3.919 16.745 0.922 -0.922
3- 1 1.062 -1.062 3.919 17.026 0.922 -0.922
3- 2 0.547 -0.547 3.919 16.745 0.922 -0.922
3- 3 0.157 -0.157 3.919 16.745 0.922 -0.922
3- 4 0.520 -0.520 3.919 16.745 0.922 -0.922
3- 5 1.034 -1.034 3.919 16.745 0.922 -0.922
3- 6 1.556 -1.556 3.919 16.745 0.922 -0.922
3- 7 2.079 -2.079 3.919 17.026 0.922 -0.922
3- 8 2.601 -2.601 3.919 16.745 0.922 -0.922
3- 9 3.124 -3.124 3.919 16.745 0.922 -0.922
3-10 3.646 -3.646 3.919 16.745 0.922 -0.922
Top
Left
4- 0 -1.263 -3.649 0.413 2.483 5.917 1.493
4- 1 1.380 -0.821 0.413 2.047 4.542 1.193
4- 2 3.821 -0.039 0.413 2.047 3.166 0.892
4- 3 5.567 0.517 0.413 2.047 1.791 0.573
4- 4 6.281 0.847 0.413 2.047 0.415 0.038
4- 5 5.964 0.953 0.413 2.047 -0.010 -1.196
4- 6 4.615 0.832 0.413 2.047 -0.311 -2.571
4- 7 2.347 0.486 1.483 2.047 -0.612 -3.947
4- 8 -0.085 -2.018 2.047 1.413 -0.912 -5.322
4- 9 -0.882 -6.325 2.047 1.413 -1.213 -6.698
4-10 -1.905 -11.864 2.047 1.413 -1.514 -8.073
Right

Twin Cell Precast Box Culvert with 0˚ skew, LRFD Specs
4.1 Input
4.3 Loads
4.10 Vertical Shear Design
4.14 Load Rating

Description: Eriksson Culvert verification problem 4. Design of a twin cell four sided precast box culvert with
smooth welded wire fabric, shear steel and no skew
References:
3
4.1 Input
Materials: Box Concrete: fc'  5ksi wc  0.150kcf Exposure  "Class 1"
K1  1.0 Aggmax  1.5in

Wire Mesh: fy  65ksi Es  29000ksi fs  24ksi D b  0.60in
Shear Steel: fyv  65ksi
Soil: γs  120pcf
Geometry: Box Culvert: H t  5ft W  7ft L  5ft skew  0deg Clear_Span  W
tts  8in tbs  8in twa.in  6in twa.ex  6in th  8in

Reinforcement : covertsex  2in coverbs  1in coverwa  1in coverint  1in
Cover
coverte  2in coverbe  1in coverwe  1in
coverti  1in coverbi  1in coverwi  1in

Live Load Surcharge height: LSht  2ft
Future Wearing Surface: wws  0psf

Check Edge Calculate the clear span length for the cell and Span to thickness ratios
Beam Requirement:
 twa.ex twa.in 
Design_Span  Clear_Span     Design_Span  7.5 ft
 2 2 
Design_Span L
 11.25  5 ft
tts cos ( skew)
c12.11.2.1  "Edge Beams Required" if H s  2ft
Design_Span
 18 c12.11.2.1  "Edge Beam Not-Required"
tts
"Edge Beams Required" if H s  2ft
L
(LRFD 12.11.2.1)
 4ft
cos ( skew)
4.3 Loads
Dead Loads (DC):
top slab: wdts  wc tts 1ft wdts  0.1 klf
bottom slab: wdbs  wc tbs 1 ft

wdbs  0.1 klf
2
single haunch: th
wdha  wc 1ft wdha  0.033 kip
weight 2
wwall.ex  wc twa.ex Ht wwall.ex  0.375 klf

Weight of Walls
wwall.in  wc twa.in Ht wwall.in  0.375 klf
Bottom Slab Load

 wdts 2 Clear_Span  2 wwall.ex 1ft  wwall.in 1ft  4 wdha
wbottom  wbottom  0.19 klf
2  Clear_Span

Wearing Surface (DW): wdw  wws 1 ft wdw  0  klf

Outside culvert: Bc  2Clear_Span  2  twa.ex  twa.in
Bc  15.5 ft
width
Fe  min1  0.2  1.15 if Fill_type = "compacted"
  Fe  1.026
 H 
min1  0.2  1.4 otherwise
s
 Bc  (LRFD 12.11.2.2)
 
kip
we  Fe γs Hs 1 ft we  0.245
ft
pressures
Minimum Case
 
weh_bot_min  γsmin H s  H t  tts  0.5tbs  1 ft weh_bot_min  0.24 klf
Maximum Case
 
weh_bot_max  γsmax  H s  H t  tts  0.5tbs  1 ft weh_bot_max  0.479 klf
Live Load :
wsllmin.h  γsmin LSht 1ft wsllmin.h  0.06 klf
wsllmax.h  γsmax  LSht 1 ft wsllmax.h  0.12 klf

Maximum Case

(WA)
 Hs 
DLA  0.33 1  0.125  DLA  24.791 % (LRFD 3.6.2.2)
 ft 
 1.2 
 
 1.00 
MPF  Wheel_Gage  6ft
  Lane_Sep  4ft
0.65  Fill_SlopeLRFD  1.15
(LRFD Table 3.6.1.1.2-1) (LRFD 3.6.1.3.1) (LRFD 3.6.1.2.6) (LRFD 3.6.1.2.5)


Eperp  min2  L 96in  1.44in
Clear_Span 
(LRFD 4.6.2.10.2-1)
 Eperp  8.84 ft
 ft 
Length of tire contact area parallel to span L t  Tire_Length

Eparallel  Lt  LLDF Hs (LRFD 4.6.2.10.2-2) Eparallel  3.122 ft

T T
T
N Lanes  1
 
Waxle p axle saxle naxle  Al  for q  1  naxle

if Eparallel  min saxle 
 saxle
DisWid  Eperp
qq

Axleload 
qq DisWid  Eparallel
qq
Axleload
otherwise
DisWid  Eperp
qq q

q
Axleload 
qq q DisWid  Eparallel
qq q

T
q  
Maxaxle
 max Al  if Eparallel  min saxle  

Al otherwise

 
Paxle naxle waxle  for q  1  n axle

q
Truck:

WTruck  Waxle Paxle.Truck SPaxle.Truck n axle.Truck  T
WTruck  ( 0.434 1.736 1.736 )  ksf

Ptruck  Paxle n axle.Truck WTruck  T
Ptruck  ( 1.355 5.421 5.421 )  klf
Tandem:

Wtandem  Waxle Paxle.Tandem SPaxle.Tandem n axle.Tandem  T
Wtandem  ( 1.357 1.357 )  ksf

Ptandem  Paxle n axle.Tandem Wtandem  T
Ptandem  ( 4.235 4.235 )  klf
Lane Loading:
Bottom Slab Loading

 
Bottom_Load n axle paxle  augment for q  1  naxle

 for q  1  n axle 

 q q 


Ptop 
q  p axle
j
Ptop 
q  
reverse p axle j  

j 1 j 1
 
 Ptop Ptop 
 q 2 Design_Span q 2  Design_Span 
Truck:  0.09 0.361 


Wbot.Truck  Bottom_Load n axle.Truck Ptruck  Wbot.Truck  0.452 0.723   ksf
0.813 0.813 
Tandem:


Wbot.Tandem  Bottom_Load n axle.Tandem Ptandem  0.282 0.282 
Wbot.Tandem     ksf
0.565 0.565 

1
Load Modifier: η 
ηR ηI ηD (LRFD 1.3.2.1) η1

Load Min. Max
DC 0.90 1.25 1.0 -
DW 0.65 1.50 1.0 -
EV 0.90 1.30 1.0 -
EH 0.90 1.35 1.0 -
LL 1.75 1.75 1.0 0.75
LS 1.75 1.75 1.0 -
WA 0.00 1.00 1.0 -

Section
Section Heights and cover for each critical section:
Properties:
h 1  twa.ex h 5  tts h 9  twa.in cover1  coverwe cover6  coverti cover11  coverbe
h 10  twa.in cover2  coverwi cover7  coverte cover12  coverbi

h 2  twa.ex h 6  tts
h 11  tbs cover3  coverwe cover8  coverwi
cover13  coverbe
h 3  twa.ex h 7  tts
cover4  coverwe cover9  coverwi
h 12  tbs
h 4  twa.ex h 8  twa.in cover5  coverte cover10  coverwi
h 13  tbs
T T
h  ( 6 6 6 6 8 8 8 6 6 6 8 8 8 )  in cover  ( 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 )  in

Exterior Wall:
 0.26  0.25 0.00  0.69  0.25 0.00 0.00  0.93  0.03 0.00 0.00 1.05 0.34 0.00 0.24  0.33 
   
 0.25 0.00  0.17  0.08 0.00 0.00  0.86 0.00 0.24  0.33
 0.24  0.03 0.00 0.00 0.79 0.27

 0.22  0.25 0.00 0.21 0.06 0.00 0.00  0.86  0.03 0.00 0.00 0.55 0.20 0.00 0.24  0.33 
 0.20  0.25 0.00 0.46 0.15 0.00 0.00  0.87
 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.33 0.14 0.00 0.24  0.33

   
 0.18  0.25 0.00 0.58 0.21 0.00 0.00  0.98  0.03 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.07 0.00 0.24  0.33 
Mwa   0.16  0.26 0.00 0.60 0.23 0.00 0.01   ftwa  0.03
 1.14 kipV 0.00 0.00  0.06 0.00 0.00 0.24  0.33   kip
   
 0.14  0.26 0.00 0.52 0.21 0.00 0.13  1.31  0.03 0.00 0.00  0.23  0.07 0.00 0.24  0.33 
 0.12  0.26 0.00 0.35 0.15 0.00 0.25  1.47  0.03 0.00 0.00  0.38  0.14 0.00 0.24  0.33 
   
 0.10  0.26 0.00 0.10 0.06 0.00 0.38  1.63  0.03 0.00 0.00  0.50  0.20 0.00 0.24  0.33 
 0.08  0.26 0.00  0.22  0.08 0.00 0.50  1.80  0.03 0.00 0.00  0.61  0.27 0.00 0.24  0.33 
   
 0.06  0.26 0.00  0.59  0.25 0.00 0.63  1.96  0.03 0.00 0.00  0.70  0.34 0.00 0.24  0.33 
Pwa  (  0.35  0.74 0.00  0.12  0.05 0.00 0.46  5.89 )  kip
Top Slab:
 0.06  0.26 0.00  0.60  0.25 0.00 0.63  1.96   0.35 0.74 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00 5.74  0.46 
   
0.15 0.00  0.51  0.21 0.00 2.95  0.26 0.56 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00 5.01  0.56
 0.15   0.22 
 0.28 0.58 0.00  0.42  0.18 0.00 4.89  0.16   0.14 0.38 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00 4.24  0.88 
 0.36 0.79 0.00  0.33  0.14 0.00 6.32  0.43
  0.07 0.19 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00 3.62  1.49

   
 0.38 0.87 0.00  0.24  0.10 0.00 7.05  0.77   0.01 0.01 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00 2.99  2.11 
Mts   0.36 0.81 0.00  0.15  0.06 0.00 7.07  1.11 kipV ftts   0.08
  0.17 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00 2.37  2.74   kip
   
 0.26 0.61 0.00  0.06  0.03 0.00 6.42  1.46   0.16  0.36 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00 1.77  3.35 
 0.11 0.27 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.00 5.18  1.80   0.23  0.54 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00 0.96  4.20 
   
 0.09  0.21 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00 3.59  2.15   0.31  0.72 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00 0.72  4.77 
 0.35  0.82 0.00 0.20 0.09 0.00 1.77  2.58   0.39  0.91 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00 0.30  5.60 
   
 0.69  1.57 0.00 0.29 0.12 0.00 0.01  5.19   0.52  1.09 0.00 0.12 0.05 0.00 0.00  6.35 
Interior Wall: Pts  ( 0.03 0.00 0.00  0.70  0.34 0.00 0.24  0.33 )  kip
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.91  0.91  0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.53  0.53 
   
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.61  0.61 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.53  0.53
0.00  0.00 
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.31  0.31  0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.53  0.53 
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09  0.09
 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.53  0.53

   
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.30  0.30  0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.53  0.53 
Mint  0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.59  0.59  kip ft Vint  0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.53  0.53   kip
   
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.89  0.89  0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.53  0.53 
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.19  1.19  0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.53  0.53 
   
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.49  1.49  0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.53  0.53 
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.78  1.78  0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.53  0.53 
   
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.08  2.08  0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.53  0.53 
Pint  (  1.03  2.18 0.00 0.24 0.10 0.00 0.00  7.49 )  kip

Bottom Slab:
 0.26  0.25 0.00  0.69  0.25 0.00 0.00  0.93   0.62 0.74 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00 2.24 0.00 
   
0.24 0.00  0.56  0.21 0.00 0.81 0.00 0.55 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00 1.69 0.00
 0.15   0.46 
 0.44 0.59 0.00  0.49  0.18 0.00 1.68 0.00   0.31 0.37 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00 1.15 0.00 
 0.62 0.79 0.00  0.38  0.14 0.00 2.34 0.00
  0.16 0.19 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00 0.61 0.00

   
 0.69 0.87 0.00  0.28  0.10 0.00 2.60 0.00   0.01 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00 0.07  0.06 
Mbs   0.64 0.80 0.00  0.17  0.06 0.00 2.45 0.00 kipVftbs   0.14
  0.18 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00 0.00  0.52   kip
   
 0.48 0.60 0.00  0.07  0.03 0.00 1.89 0.00   0.29  0.36 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00 0.00  1.06 
 0.21 0.25 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.96 0.00   0.44  0.55 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00 0.00  1.61 
   
 0.17  0.23 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00 0.01  0.93   0.59  0.73 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00 0.00  2.15 
 0.67  0.84 0.00 0.24 0.09 0.00 0.00  2.63   0.74  0.92 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00 0.00  2.69 
   
 1.28  1.60 0.00 0.33 0.13 0.00 0.00  4.85   0.89  1.10 0.00 0.14 0.05 0.00 0.00  3.23 
Pbs  (  0.03 0.00 0.00  1.05  0.34 0.00 0.33  0.24 )  kip

Load Combinations:
Strength II: N/A
 
Str1.c Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 i 6  j
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 6 i 6  j

i i
  
 if j = 1 max C c
T
i j       
 i j i j  i j i j 
Combo

TSstr1c.m  Str1.c Mts 11  WAstr1c.m  Str1.c Mwa 11   BSstr1c.m  Str1.c Mbs 11   INTstr1c.m  Str1.c Mint 11  

TSstr1c.v  Str1.c Vts 11  WAstr1c.v  Str1.c Vwa 11   BSstr1c.v  Str1.c Vbs 11   INTstr1c.v  Str1.c Vint 11  

 
Str1 C Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4
i 5 i 6
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5
i 6 i 6  j
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 6 i 6  j
Cp

Mstr1.wa  Str1 WAstr1c.m Mwa 11 
Vstr1.ts  Str1 TSstr1c.v Vts 11 Vstr1.wa  Str1 WAstr1c.v Vwa 11
Pstr1.ts  Str1 TSstr1c.m Pts 11 Pstr1.wa  Str1 WAstr1c.m Pwa 11
Mstr1.bs  Str1  BSstr1c.m Mbs 11 Mstr1.int  Str1  INTstr1c.m Mint 11
Vstr1.bs  Str1 BSstr1c.v Vbs 11 Vstr1.int  Str1 INTstr1c.v Vint 11
Pstr1.bs  Str1 BSstr1c.m Pbs 11 Pstr1.int  Str1 INTstr1c.m Pint 11
 
Sv1.c Intf i 2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i 2

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6  j
γsmin
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 γsmax i 6 i 6  j

i i
  
 if j = 1 maxCc
T
i j       
 i j i j  i j i j 
Combo
TSsv1c.m  Sv1.c Mts 11   WAsv1c.m  Sv1.c Mwa 11   BSsv1c.m  Sv1.c Mbs 11   INTsv1c.m  Sv1.c Mint 11  

TSsv1c.v  Sv1.c Vts 11  WAsv1c.v  Sv1.c Vwa 11   BSsv1c.v  Sv1.c Vbs 11   INTsv1c.v  Sv1.c Vint 11  

 
Sv1 C Intf i 2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i 2

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5

i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6  j
γsmin
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 γsmax i 6 i 6  j
Cp

Vs1.ts  Sv1 TSsv1c.v Vts 11 Vs1.bs  Sv1  BSsv1c.v Vbs 11
Ps1.ts  Sv1 TSsv1c.m Pts 11 Ps1.bs  Sv1  BSsv1c.m Pbs 11
Ms1.wa  Sv1  WAsv1c.m Mwa 11 Ms1.int  Sv1  BSsv1c.m Mint 11
Vs1.wa  Sv1 WAsv1c.v Vwa 11 Vs1.int  Sv1  BSsv1c.v Vint 11
Ps1.wa  Sv1 WAsv1c.m Pwa 11 Ps1.int  Sv1  BSsv1c.m Pint 11
Summary of the Strength and Service I Internal Member Forces

Mstr1  augment Mstr1.waMstr1.ts Mstr1.int Mstr1.bs  
Ms1  augment Ms1.wa Ms1.ts Ms1.int Ms1.bs 
Vstr1  augment Vstr1.waVstr1.ts Vstr1.int Vstr1.bs Vs1  augment Vs1.wa Vs1.ts Vs1.int Vs1.bs
Pstr1  augment Pstr1.waPstr1.ts Pstr1.int Pstr1.bs Ps1  augment Ps1.wa Ps1.ts Ps1.int Ps1.bs
Exterior Wall Top Slab Interior Wall Bottom Slab

1.271  3.647 0.15  5.09 1.592  1.592  1.271  3.647 

 
 2.499 5.086  1.129 1.067  1.067 1.413  0.773
0.778 
0.035  1.916 9.283  0.108 0.542  0.542 3.816  0.05 
 0.479  1.684 12.24 0.034 0.157  0.157 5.555 0.511

 
 0.763  1.743 13.728  0.241 0.525  0.525 6.291 0.851 
Mstr1   0.835  1.993 13.741  0.747 1.032  1.032 5.975 0.962   kip ft
 
 0.784  2.338 12.299  1.57 1.557  1.557 4.624 0.825 
 0.685  2.745 9.611  2.634 2.082  2.082 2.325 0.472 
 
 0.442  3.225 6.146  4.04 2.607  2.607  0.083  2.013 
 0.239  4.025 2.021  5.838 3.115  3.115  0.877  6.316 
 
 0.158  5.077  1.433  11.725 3.64  3.64  1.919  11.87 

+ Shear - Shear + Shear - Shear+ Shear - Shear + Shear - Shear
 2.47 0.405 11.694 0.703 0.928  0.928 5.934 1.5 
 
0.171 10.02 0.131 0.928  0.928 4.524 1.186
 1.997 
 1.55  0.045 8.338  0.763 0.928  0.928 3.158 0.888 
 1.148  0.243 6.919  2.165 0.928  0.928 1.791 0.573

 
 0.742  0.432 5.482  3.584 0.928  0.928 0.412 0.034 
Vstr1   0.404  0.621 4.076  5.008 0.928  0.928  0.011  1.193   kip
 
 0.25  0.973 2.679  6.423 0.928  0.928  0.308  2.56 
 0.115  1.298 0.94  8.232 0.928  0.928  0.614  3.957 
 
 0.007  1.565 0.186  9.563 0.928  0.928  0.911  5.323 
0.092  1.836  0.896  11.362 0.928  0.928  1.218  6.703 
 
0.173  2.08  1.2  13.072 0.928  0.928  1.515  8.069 

+ Axi. - Axi. + Axi. - Axi. + Axi. - Axi. + Axi. - Axi
0.703  11.957  0.173  2.08  3.623  17.013  0.405  2.47 

 
 11.957  0.173  2.08  3.623  17.013  0.405  2.04
0.703 
  1.23  11.815  0.173  1.513  3.623  17.013  0.405  2.04 
  1.23  11.815  0.173  2.08  3.623  17.013  0.405  2.04

 
  1.23  11.815  0.173  2.08  3.623  17.013  0.405  2.04 
Pstr1    1.23  11.815  0.173  2.08  3.906  17.013  0.405  2.04   kip
 
0.844  11.815  0.173  2.08  3.906  16.73  0.405  2.04 
0.844  11.815  1.083  1.17  3.906  16.73  1.473  2.04 
 
0.844  11.815  1.083  1.17  3.906  16.73  2.04  1.403 
0.703  11.957  1.083  1.17  3.906  16.73  2.04  1.403 
 
0.703  11.957  1.513  1.17  3.906  16.73  2.04  1.403 

 0.855  2.38 0.01  3.13 0.91  0.91  0.855  2.38 
 
 1.6 2.995  0.68  0.38
 0.575 0.61 0 0.92

  0.2  1.225 5.54 0.1 0.31 0 2.465 0.36 
 0.16  1.09 7.305 0.25 0.09 0 3.56 0.89

 
 0.36  1.12 8.18 0.14 0.3 0 4.02 1.18 
Ms1   0.42  1.26 8.165  0.15 0.59 0 3.805 1.21   kip ft
 
 0.46  1.45 7.26  0.68 0.89 0 2.935 0.98 
 0.37  1.675 5.6  1.405 1.19  1.19 1.46 0.475 
 
 0.18  1.94 3.46  2.39 1.49  1.49  0.2  1.26 
 0.05  2.44 0.89  3.65 0  1.78  1.18  4.02 
 
 0.015  3.12  1.84  7.305 0  2.08  2.42  7.565 

+ Shear - Shear + Shear - Shear+ Shear - Shear + Shear - Shear
 1.66 0.225 7 0.69 0.53  0.53 3.79 1.43 
 
0.095 5.96 0.28 0.53  0.53 2.89 1.08
 1.33 
 1.02  0.025 4.93  0.3 0.53  0.53 2.02 0.75 
 0.74  0.135 4.05  1.17 0.53  0.53 1.15 0.42

 
 0.46  0.24 3.16  2.05 0.53  0.53 0.27 0.02 
Vs1   0.24  0.36 2.29  2.93 0  0.53  0.13  0.77   kip
 
 0.155  0.6 1.42  3.81 0  0.53  0.46  1.64 
 0.08  0.82 0.36  4.91 0  0.53  0.8  2.53 
 
 0.02 1  0.14  5.74 0  0.53  1.13  3.4 
 0.035  1.18  0.83  6.84 0  0.53  1.47  4.28 
 
 0.08  1.34  1.44  7.9 0  0.53  1.8  5.15 

+ Axi. - Axi. + Axi. - Axi. + Axi. - Axi. + Axi. - Axi
 0.69  7.15  0.08  1.34  3.09  10.36  0.225  1.66 

 
 7.15  0.08  1.34  3.09  2.87  0.225  1.42
 0.69 
 1.26  7.04  0.08  1.34  3.09  2.87  0.225  1.42 
 1.26  7.04  0.08  1.34  3.09  2.87  0.225  1.42

 
 1.26  7.04  0.08  1.34  3.09  2.87  0.225  1.42 
Ps1    0.8  7.04  0.08  1.34  3.09  2.87  0.225  1.42   kip
 
 0.8  7.04  0.08  1.34  3.09  2.87  0.225  1.42 
 0.8  7.04  0.77  0.65  2.87  10.58  1.09  0.795 
 
 0.8  7.04  0.77  0.65  2.87  10.58  1.09  0.795 
 0.69  7.15  0.77  0.65  2.87  10.58  1.42  0.795 
 
 0.69  7.15  0.77  0.65  2.87  10.58  1.42  0.795 

4.6 Critical Sections Moments and Shears
The location of the critical section for moment design is located a distance of 1.5 times the thickness of the member which
can be found by taking the distance as [Face of Section+(haunch width-(h/2))] per LRFD C5.7.3.2.1 when haunches are
considered. The location of the critical section for shear is located dv from the face of the support per LRFD 5.8.3.2. Due
to the fact that section properties are under design, the effective shear depth is therefore estimated using the reinforcing
bar diameter input in the material properties under the culvert properties tab.

Design_Height  Ht  0.5  tbs  tts  Design_Height  5.667 ft Design_Span  7.5 ft i  1  13 j  1  11
Check if larger positive moment is at 4/10 or 1/2 point k  ( 0  3 ) CS pos.M


 if Mstr1  Mstr1 
4 5
 
T
k 1  5 ( k 2  1 ) 6 ( k 2  1 ) 10 10
CS pos.M  ( 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 )
 tbs 0.5   th  twa.ex 0.5  

 
 CS pos.M  Design_Height 
 1  9   "BOT" 
 0.5  Design_Height     
  34  "MID +" 
Design_Height  tts 0.5   th  twa.ex 0.5  34   "MID -"  Exterior wall
     
 twa.ex 0.5   th  tts 0.5   59   "TOP"  -------------------
 CSpos.M  Design_Span  7   "LT" 
 2  45   "MID" 
      top slab
CS moment   Design_Span  twa.in 0.5   th  tts 0.5  CS moment  83   in  "RT" 
 tbs 0.5   th  twa.in 0.5  9   "BOT"  -------------------
     
 CS pos.M  Design_Height  34   "MID" 
 3  59   "TOP" 
Design_Height  t  0.5  t  t Interior wall
  ts  h wa.in 0.5   
7 

 "LT" 

-------------------
 twa.ex 0.5   th  tbs 0.5   36   "MID" 
     
 CSpos.M  Design_Span  83   "RT"  bottom slab
 4 
 Design_Span  t
  wa.in  0.5   t 
h bst  0.5 


d s.assume  hi  coveri 
Db
i 2
 tbs  0.5  dv.assume  d v.assume  max0.9  ds.assume 0.72 h i
 1  i  i 
 0.5 Design_Height

 
 Design_Height  t  0.5  d     
ts v.assume  
  4  34  "MID +" 
   34   "MID -"  Exterior wall
twa.ex 0.5  d v.assume
 5     
  59.68   "TOP"  -------------------
 0.5  Design_Span   8.76   "LT" 
 Design_Span  t   45   "MID" 
wa.in  0.5  d v.assume7
CS shear         top slab
 tbs  0.5  dv.assume  CS shear  81.24   in  "RT" 
 8   8.32   "BOT"  -------------------
     
 0.5 Design_Height   34   "MID" 
 Design_Height  tts 0.5  dv.assume   59.68   "TOP"  Interior wall
  10      -------------------
 twa.ex 0.5  d v.assume   9.03   "LT" 
 11   45   "MID" 
 0.5  Design_Span
     bottom slab
  80.97   "RT" 
Design_Span  twa.in 0.5  dv.assume  
  13 

LB( vector value)  j 1 UB ( vector value)  j 1
LB  1 UB  1
j j 1 j j 1
LB  j  1 UB  j
LB UB

j j j
 
for t  t1  t2
t
t
CSt  L trace
l
t
Per t 
L trace  Ltrace
h l
t t
t h h l l
 t t  t
Intforce


Mstr1.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts Mstr1 3 4 5 7   
Vstr1.ts  Intforce CSshear L ts Vstr1 3 4 5 7
Mstr1.in  Intforce CSmoment Lwa Mstr1 5 6 8 10 Vstr1.in  Intforce CSmoment Lwa Vstr1 5 6 8 10
Ms1.wall  Intforce  CS moment L wa Ms1 1 2 1 4  Vs1.wall  Intforce CS shear Lwa Vs1 1 2 1 4
Ms1.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts Ms1 3 4 5 7 Vs1.ts  Intforce CSshear L ts Vs1 3 4 5 7
Ms1.in  Intforce CSmoment Lwa Ms1 5 6 8 10 Vs1.in  Intforce CSmoment Lwa Vs1 5 6 8 10
Pstr1.wall  Intforce CS moment L wa Pstr1 1 2 1 4 Ps1.wall  Intforce CS moment L wa Ps1 1 2 1 4
Pstr1.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts Pstr1 3 4 5 7 Ps1.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts Ps1 3 4 5 7
Pstr1.in  Intforce CSmoment Lwa Pstr1 5 6 8 10 Ps1.in  Intforce CSmoment Lwa Ps1 5 6 8 10
Pstr1.bs  Intforce  CS moment L bs Pstr1 7 8 11 13 Ps1.bs  Intforce CSmoment Lbs Ps1 7 8 11 13

     
Mstr1.all  stack Mstr1.wall submatrix Mstr1.ts 5 7 3 4 submatrix Mstr1.in 8 10 5 6 submatrix Mstr1.bs 11 13 7 8 
Vstr1.all  stack Vstr1.wall submatrix Vstr1.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix Vstr1.in 8 10 5 6 submatrix Vstr1.bs 11 13 7 8 
Pstr1.all  stack Pstr1.wall submatrix Pstr1.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix Pstr1.in 8 10 5 6 submatrix Pstr1.bs 11 13 7 8 
Ms1.all  stack Ms1.wall submatrix Ms1.ts 5 7 3 4 submatrix Ms1.in 8 10 5 6  submatrix Ms1.bs 11 13 7 8 
Vs1.all  stack Vs1.wall submatrix Vs1.ts 5 7 3 4 submatrix Vs1.in 8 10 5 6 submatrix Vs1.bs 11 13 7 8 
Ps1.all  stack Ps1.wall submatrix Ps1.ts 5 7 3 4 submatrix Ps1.in 8 10 5 6 submatrix Ps1.bs 11 13 7 8 
Section  ( "Neg" "Pos" "Neg" "Neg" "Neg" "Pos" "Neg" "Neg" "Pos" "Neg" "Neg" "Pos" "Neg" )
Sectionloc  ( "LT" "CEN" "CEN" "RT" "LT" "CEN" "RT" "LT" "CEN" "RT" "LT" "CEN" "RT" )
 
Msr1 Mst  for g  1  13  
Psr1 Pst  for g  1  13

1 otherwise
1 otherwise
Pstr  Pst
Mstr  Mst
g 
g  Case
g 
g 
g  Case
g 
Pstr  1
Mstr
 
Vsr1 Vsr  for g  1  13
Caseg  2 if Section T = "RT"

 loc 
g
1 otherwise
Vstr  Vsr
g 
g  Case
g 
Vstr

Mstr1  Msr1 Mstr1.all  
Vstr1  Vsr1 Vstr1.all  
2.31   1.90  11.91   "BOT" 
       
 0.83   0.40   1.23  "MID +" 
1.99   0.40  11.81   "MID -"  Exterior wall
       
3.77   1.78  11.91   "TOP"  -------------------
2.01  10.06   2.08   "LT" 
13.74   4.08   0.17   "MID" 
        top slab
Mstr1   7.15   kip ft Vstr1  11.41   kip N str1   1.17   kip  "RT" 
0.90   0.93  17.01   "BOT"  -------------------
       
 1.03   0.93   3.91   "MID"  Interior wall
2.95   0.93  16.73   "TOP" 
        -------------------
1.41   4.52   2.14   "LT" 
 6.29   0.01   0.41   "MID" 
        bottom slab
7.55   6.70   1.40   "RT" 

Ms1  Msr1 Ms1.all   

Vs1  Vsr1 Vs1.all  
N s1  Psr1 Ps1.all
 1.48  1.26   7.11   "BOT" 
       
 0.42  0.24   0.80  "MID +" 
 1.26  0.24   7.04   "MID -"  Exterior wall
       
 2.28  1.14   7.11   "TOP"  -------------------
 1.22  5.99   1.34   "LT" 
 8.17  2.29   0.08   "MID" 
        top slab
Ms1   4.46   kip ft Vs1  6.87   kip N s1   0.65   kip  "RT" 
 0.00  0.53   2.87   "BOT"  -------------------
       
 0.59  0.00   3.09   "MID" 
 1.69  0.53  10.58   "TOP"  Interior wall
        -------------------
 0.82  2.89   1.47   "LT" 
 4.02  0.13   0.23   "MID" 
        bottom slab
 4.81  4.28   0.80   "RT" 
Md.wa  Mwa
j j 1
 γDC  Mwa
j 2
 γEV  Mwa
j 3
 γDW  Mwa
j 4
 γEH 
Md.ts  Mts
j j 1
 γDC  Mts
j 2
 γEV  Mts
j 3
 γDW  Mts
j 4
 γEH 
Md.int  Mint
j j 1
 γDC  Mint
j 2
 γEV  Mint
j 3
 γDW  Mint
j 4
 γEH  
Mp.int  Intforce CSmoment Lwa Md.int 1 1 8 10
Md.bs  Mbs  γDC  Mbs  γEV  Mbs  γDW  Mbs  γEH Mp.bs  Intforce CSmoment Lbs Md.bs 1 1 11 13
j j 1 j 2 j 3 j 4
   
Md  stack Mp.wallsubmatrix Mp.ts 5 7 1 1 submatrix Mp.int 8 10 1 1 submatrix Mp.bs 11 13 1 1   
 0.68   "BOT" 
   
 0.272  "MID +" 
 0.272   "MID -"  Exterior wall
   
 0.603   "TOP"  -------------------
 0.51   "LT" 
 1.3   "MID" 
    top slab
Md   1.518   kip ft  "RT" 
 0   "BOT"  -------------------
   
 0   "MID" 
 0   "TOP"  Interior wall
    -------------------
 0.551   "LT" 
 1.615   "MID" 
 1.968   "RT" 

4.7 Flexural Strength Check i  1  13
1.5
 wc  fc'
Modulus of Elasticity: Ec  33000ksi  K1    Ec  4286.83 ksi (LRFD 5.4.2.4)
 kcf  ksi
e min  max 1in 0.1 h i 
i
 Mstr1 
i
i  i Nstr1 
 i 
T
cecc  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "NG" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
 Mstr1 Mstr1 
i i
 i i 
T
Mstr1  (  2.311 0.835  1.993  3.766  2.009 13.741  7.147  1.418 1.032  2.951  1.411 6.291  7.55 )  kip ft
Radius of Gyration rin  0.3  twa.in rin  1.8 in

(LRFD C.5.7.4.3)
rex  0.3 twa.ex rex  1.8 in
 k Ht 
 min rin rex
   

q  1  4 q2  8  10
Exterior Wall
Interior Wall
Md
q Md
β d  T q2
q Mstr1 β d  ( 0.294 0.326 0.136 0.16 ) β d.in 
q q2 Mstr1
q2
3
twa.ex  b 3
C m  1 ϕk  0.75 twa.in  b
Ig.ex 
12 Ig.in 
12
Ec Ig.ex
Ec Ig.in
EIex 
q 2.5 1  βd  (LRFD 5.7.4.3-2) EIin 
  q q2 2.5 1  βd.in 
  q2
2
π  EIex 2
q π  EIin
Pc.ex  q2
Pc.in 
 
q 2
k Ht
 k Ht
q2 2

  Cm  Cm 
δq  min1.0   δ2 q2  min1.0  
   Nstr1   (LRFD 4.5.3.2.2)    Nstr1  
 1   q 
  1   q2 

   ϕk Pc.ex      ϕk Pc.in  
   q      q2  
Mstr1  δq  Mstr1 Mstr1  δ2 q2 Mstr1

q q q2 q2
T
Mstr1  (  2.311 0.835  1.993  3.766  2.009 13.741  7.147  1.418 1.032  2.951  1.411 6.291  7.55 )  kip ft
Input Smooth WWF Size and Spacing From Eriksson Culvert at the critical sections
0.140   "BOT"  8   "W7" 
       
0.060  "MID +"  8   "W4" 
0.140   "MID -"  Exterior wall 6   "W7" 
       
0.140   "TOP"  ------------------- 6   "W7" 
0.140   "LT"  6   "W7"  Reinforceing area
0.460   "MID"  6  "W23"  consists of
  2   top slab   in   multiple wires, wire
A.s  0.360  in  "RT"  spacing  6  Wire NO  "W18" 
number is shown
0.120   "BOT"  ------------------- 4  ft  "W4"  is the largest wire
       
in group.
0.120   "MID"  4   "W4" 
0.120   "TOP"  Interior wall 4   "W4" 
    -------------------    
0.140   "LT"  6   "W7" 
0.270   "MID"  4   "W9" 
    bottom slab    
 0.32   "RT"  6  "W16" 
Wire A  Wire ASWireNO  Wire D  WireDB WireNO 
i  i i  i
T 2
Wire A  ( 0.07 0.04 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.23 0.18 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.09 0.16 )  in
T
Wire D  ( 0.299 0.226 0.299 0.299 0.299 0.541 0.479 0.226 0.226 0.226 0.299 0.338 0.451 )  in
Wire D
i T
d s  h i  coveri  d s  ( 4.85 4.89 4.85 4.85 5.85 6.73 5.76 4.89 4.89 4.89 6.85 6.83 6.77 )  in
i 2
WireD
  i T
d c  min coveri 2in  d c  ( 1.15 1.11 1.15 1.15 2.15 1.27 2.24 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.15 1.17 1.23 )  in
i 2
   fc'  4ksi 
β 1  if fc'  4ksi 0.85 if fc'  8ksi 0.65 0.85  0.05  β 1  0.8 Stress Block Factor β (LRFD 5.7.2.2)
  ksi 
Mstr1
i T
R n  R n  ( 0.098 0.035 0.085 0.16 0.059 0.303 0.215 0.059 0.043 0.124 0.03 0.135 0.165 )  ksi
i 2
ϕf  b d s 
  i

fc'  2 R n 
i
ρreq  0.85  1  1
i fy 0.85 fc' 
 

T
ρreq  ( 0.0015 0.0005 0.0013 0.0025 0.0009 0.0048 0.0034 0.0009 0.0007 0.0019 0.0005 0.0021 0.0026 )

As_req  ρreq  ds  b
i i i
T 2
As_req  ( 0.089 0.032 0.077 0.146 0.064 0.391 0.235 0.054 0.039 0.113 0.038 0.173 0.21 )  in
 WireA 
i 
i  As_req 
 i
T in
spacingreq  ( 9.439 15.163 10.962 5.747 13.158 7.05 9.185 8.899 12.243 4.242 22.01 6.249 9.147 ) 
ft
  
csp  if ceil spacingreq i  spacingi "OK" "NG"
i

T
csp  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )


i
while Ma  Mstr1
i
2
As_req2  As_req2  0.01in
As_req2  fy
c
0.85 fc' β 1 b
 β1 c 
Mn2  As_req2  fy d s  
 i 2 

Ptc2  0.31875 fc' b β 1 ds  As_req2 fy
i
 hi   hi 
Mtc2  0.31875 fc' b β 1  ds    0.1875 β 1 d s   As_req2 fy d s  
i 2 i  i 2
0.003 Es ds 
ab  β 1
 i
 0.003 Es  fy
 hi 
 
Mcc  0.85 fc' b a b hi  ab  0.5  As_req2 fy d s  
 i 2
 i
Mn.all 
 o2 cc 
 Mtc2  Mcc 
 
 Mtc2  Mn2 
  0.099 
Mcc if Nstr1 = Pcc  
i 0.032 
0.087 
Mtc2 otherwise
 
ϕ 0.75 if N str1  Pcc 0.156 
i 0.074 
0.441 
0.90 if N str1  Ptc2
i   2
As.req_new( i )  0.255   in
 ( 0.75  0.90)   M 0.064 
0.90     n.all  Mtc2 otherwise
  Mcc  Mtc2 
 
0.049 
Ma  ϕ Mn.all 0.123 
 
As_req2 0.048 
0.193 
 
 0.23 

T 2
As  ( 0.140 0.060 0.140 0.140 0.140 0.460 0.360 0.120 0.120 0.120 0.140 0.270 0.320 )  in
As  fy
i
ci  T
0.85 fc' β 1 b c  ( 0.22 0.1 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.73 0.57 0.19 0.19 0.19 0.22 0.43 0.51 )  in
 ds  ci 
 i  T
εt  0.003  εt  ( 0.062 0.15 0.062 0.062 0.076 0.025 0.027 0.074 0.074 0.074 0.089 0.045 0.037 )

i
 ci 
 ci 
i  ds 
 i 
T
cy  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
capacity.

a i  β 1  ci T
a  ( 0.18 0.08 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.59 0.46 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.18 0.34 0.41 )  in
 ai  T
Mn  As  fy ds   Mn  ( 3.61 1.58 3.61 3.61 4.37 16.04 10.79 3.13 3.13 3.13 5.13 9.74 11.39 )  kip ft
i i  i 2
T
Mr  ϕf  Mn Mr  ( 3.61 1.58 3.61 3.61 4.37 16.04 10.79 3.13 3.13 3.13 5.13 9.74 11.39 )  kip ft
i i
Po  0.85 fc' b  hi  As   As  fy
i  i i
T
Po  ( 314.5 309.64 314.5 314.5 416.5 435.94 429.87 313.29 313.29 313.29 416.5 424.4 427.44 )  kip

 hi   hi 
Ptc  0.31875 fc' b  β 1 d s  As  fy Mtc  0.31875 fc' b  β 1 d s    0.1875 β 1  ds   As  fy d s  
i i i i i 2 i i  i 2
T
Ptc  ( 65.11 70.87 65.11 65.11 80.41 73.06 64.74 66.97 66.97 66.97 95.71 86.96 82.85 )  kip
T
Mtc  ( 15.46 14.74 15.46 15.46 24.69 32.46 26.47 15.35 15.35 15.35 28.12 30.05 30.58 )  kip ft
0.003 Es ds 
a b  β 1 
 i
Pcc  0.85 fc' b a b  As  fy  hi 
i  0.003 Es  fy i i i Mcc  0.85 fc' b a b  h i  a b   0.5  As  fy ds 
i i  i i  i 2

T
Pcc  ( 104.2 110.2 104.2 104.2 127.5 127.3 111.1 106.3 106.3 106.3 150.9 142 137.4 )  kip
T
Mcc  ( 19.24 18.5 19.24 19.24 31.69 39.01 33.49 19.12 19.12 19.12 34.58 36.52 37.1 )  kip ft
Pdia  0kip Ptc Pcc Po  Mdia  Mn Mtc Mcc 0kip ft 

i  i i i i  i i i 

 Po  Nstr1 
M if N str1  Pcc P-M Diagram
i  Po  Pcc  cci i i 400
 i i 
Ext. Wall Bottom
 Mtc  Mcc 
 i i Ext. Wall Mid +
 N  P   Mtc if Ptc  N str1  Pcc
 Ptc  Pcc   str1i tci i i i i 300 Ext. Wall Mid -

 i i
Ext. Wall Top
 Mtc  Mn 
 i i
 Ptc   str1i i i i 200
 i 
Mcc if Nstr1 = Pcc
i i i
Mtc otherwise 100

i
ϕi  0.75 if N str1  Pcc
i i
0.90 if N str1  Ptc 0

i i 0 5 10 15 20
0.90  
 ( 0.75  0.90)   M Moment Capacity (kip*ft)
 
T
ϕ  ( 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 )
Ma  ϕi Mn.all ccap  if Ma  Mstr1 "OK" "NG" 

i i i  i i 
T
Ma  ( 5.2 1.62 5.18 5.2 4.41 14.47 9.96 5.61 3.46 5.56 5.08 8.85 10.54 )  kip ft
T
ccap  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
fc'
Modulus of Rupture: fr  0.37ksi (LRFD 5.4.2.6) fr  0.827 ksi
ksi

b hi  3
Ig 
i 12
yi 
Neutral Axis 2
Ig
i
i yi
T
Mcr  fr Sc Mcr  ( 4.964 4.964 4.964 4.964 8.825 8.825 8.825 4.964 4.964 4.964 8.825 8.825 8.825 )  kip ft
i i
Mmin  min1.2 Mcr 1.33 Mstr1 

i  i i
T
Mmin  (  3.073 1.11  2.651  5.009  2.672 10.59  9.505  1.886 1.373  3.925  1.877 8.368  10.042 )  kip ft
c3.3.2  if Ma  Mmin "OK" "NG" 

i  i i  (LRFD 5.7.3.3.2)
T
c3.3.2  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

700 γe dc
s  2 dc for which βs = 1 
β s fss 
0.7 h  dc 
0.75 otherwise
 dc  As Es
β s  1  
i i
ρi  n  (LRFD 5.7.1) n  6.765
i  0.7 hi  dc   b ds Ec
  i  i
Ms1.abs  Ms1
 Ms1.abs 
hi   
ei
e i  max  1.15 ds 
i 1
 ds  j i  min0.9 0.74  0.1    i 12.11.3 
 Ns1 i 2 i   ds  i  ds 
 i    i   i
1  j i
 ei 

 hi 
Ms1.abs  N s1  d s   700in γe
fss 
i i  i 2
(LRFD C.12.11.3) smax1   2 dc
i i i i
βs 
i ksi
T
fss  ( 13.656 11.485 12.436 18.751 13.725 35.073 27.497 2.771 6.605 20.566 6.182 28.612 28.216 )  ksi
T
smax1  ( 35.99 43.76 39.75 25.59 29.15 13.18 11.89 188.4 77.73 23.46 89.05 17.32 17.26 )  in
smax2  min 1.5  hi 18in  (LRFD 5.10.3.2)

i
T
smax  minsmax1 smax2  smax  ( 9 9 9 9 12 12 11.9 9 9 9 12 12 12 )  in
i  i i

i  i 
T
cm.s  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

Rigorous Method
h
in
As
2 Ms1.abs
in kip in
in kip
Steel Centroid to
d c.r  dc
tension fiber
Guess x  3
Given
   h r 
 2   hr  As.r   h r  As.r
3 i  i  i i  i
Pr  d r  x  3Mr  Pr  d r    3  P 
r rd x  6  n   ri ri dri 
M  P     x  6  n Mr  Pr  d r    b  d = 0
i i   i i i 2  i i   2  br d r  i i  i 2  r r
i i
T
x  ( 0.494 0.163 0.611 0.309 0.195 0.242 0.239 1.834 0.544 0.706 0.229 0.193 0.214 )
  h r 
i 
2ksiMr  Pr  d r  
xi  i i  i 2   1 
j i  1  fc  fss  max 0.01ksi fc  n   1
 i
 xi 
i i
T
fc  ( 0.531 0.296 0.41 1.036 0.459 1.623 1.248 0.053 0.202 0.52 0.237 0.969 1.096 )  ksi
 dc.r   700in γe 
β s.r  1  
i
smax.r  min99in   2 d c.r  (LRFD 5.7.3.4)
i  0.7h r  in  dc.r   i  fss i
  i i 
 β s.r 
i

 i ksi 
Summary of the rigorous stress calculation results. These results differ from the simple calculation provided in
AASHTO by 1-2% typically.
T
fss  ( 3.67 10.29 1.77 15.68 12.85 34.34 26.85 0.01 1.15 1.47 5.39 27.48 27.27 )  ksi
T
smax.r  ( 99.00 49.11 99.00 31.06 31.42 13.52 12.28 99.00 99.00 99.00 99.00 18.13 17.95 )  in
smin  max WireD 1in 1.33 Aggmax (LRFD 5.10.3.1.2)

i  i 
cleari  spacingi 1 ft  WireD
i

i  i 
T
cmin.s  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

Input Wire Size and
Spacing From
ET Culvert
"W4"  4   "CE1-Top Slab" 
Wire NO.ts  "W4"  spacingts  4  in  "C1-Walls" 
ii  1  3
"W4"  4  "C1-Bottom Slab" 
     
Wire D.ts  WireDB WireNO.ts  T
 ii ii Wire D.ts  ( 0.226 0.226 0.226 )  in
Wire A.ts  WireASWire NO.ts 

ii  ii T
Wire A.ts  ( 0.04 0.04 0.04 )  in
2
Wire A.ts
ii 2
As.ts  T in
ii spacingts As.ts  ( 0.12 0.12 0.12 ) 
ii ft
1.3 b  hts
ii
As.ts.req 
ii b  hts  (LRFD 5.10.8)
fy
2
 ii

in ksi

h ts  max tts tbs twa.ex twa.in  As.ts.req  0.001 h ts b
2
As.ts.req  0.096 in
check5.10.8_1  if As.ts.req  1ft As.ts "OK" "NG"

ii 
  ii 
T
check5.10.8_2  if 0.11in  1ft  As.ts

ii 
2
  ii  0.60in2 "OK" "NG"
T

ii
  T
smax.ts  ( 18 18 18 )  in (LRFD 5.10.8)
smax.ts2  min 1.5 h ts 18in

ii
  T
smax.ts2  ( 12 12 12 )  in (LRFD 5.10.3.2)
checkmax.ts  if spacingts  minsmax.ts smax.ts2  "OK" "NG" 

T
checkmax.ts  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" )

Percentage of Positive Moment Reinforcing of Top and Bottom Slab

"W6"  4   "C100-Top Slab" 

iii  1  2
Wire NO.ds    spacingds    in  
"W4"  4  "C200-Bottom Slab" 
Wire D.ds  Wire DBWire NO.ds  T

iii iii Wire D.ds  ( 0.276 0.226 )  in
Wire A.ds  WireASWire NO.ds  T 2

iii  iii Wire A.ds  ( 0.06 0.04 )  in
Wire A.ds 2
iii T in
As.ds  As.ds  ( 0.18 0.12 ) 
iii spacingds ft
iii
p s.dis  min
 1
0.50

p s.dis  36.515 %
 Design_Span
 (LRFD 9.7.3.2)
 ft 
As
6 2
As.dis.top  p s.dis in
ft As.dis.top  0.168
ft
As 2
11 in
As.dis.bot  p s.dis As.dis.bot  0.051
ft ft
 1 
 2 
4.10 Vertical Shear Design
Per LRFD (5.14.5.3), the provisions of (5.8) apply to fill depths less than 2ft. for the both the sidewalls and slabs
β  2.0 θ  45deg (LRFD 5.8.3.4.1)

 a i
d v  max  0.9ds
i 
  i 0.72 hi dsi  2  (LRFD 5.8.2.9)
T
d v  ( 4.761 4.849 4.761 4.761 5.761 6.436 5.76 4.811 4.811 4.811 6.761 6.659 6.571 )  in
  fc' 
Vc  min0.25 fc' b d v 0.0316ksi  β    b  dv  Vr  Vc  ϕv (LRFD 5.8.3.3)
i  i  ksi i i i
T
Vc  ( 8.074 8.223 8.074 8.074 9.77 10.915 9.768 8.158 8.158 8.158 11.466 11.292 11.143 )  kip
T
Vr  ( 7.27 7.4 7.27 7.27 8.79 9.82 8.79 7.34 7.34 7.34 10.32 10.16 10.03 )  kip
Check is the Shear Capacity of the Concrete Alone is sufficient
csh  if Vr  Vstr1 "OK" "NG" 
i  i i 
T
csh  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "NG" "OK" "NG" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

Design the Shear Stirrups if required
 Vstr1  Vr  
  i i 
Vs.req  max 0  T
i  ϕv  Vs.req  ( 0 0 0 0 1.413 0 2.908 0 0 0 0 0 0 )  kip
 
Assume W1.5 wire spaced at 4 in wrapped in the shape of U stirrup for the top slab
in in
Wire NO.shear  "W1.5" Spacingshear  4 Spacingshear  4 Spacingshear  0
5 ft 7 ft 13
Wire A.shear  WireAS WireNO.shear  Wire A.shear  0.015 in

2
 2Wire A.shear 
Av  if Spacingshear = 0 0   T 2
i  i Spacingshear  Av  ( 0 0 0 0 0.09 0 0.09 0 0 0 0 0 0 )  in
 i
Input in Eriksson Culvert is Av per foot

width
 Av  2

ETCulverti  if Spacingshear  0 0 
i  T
ETCulvert  ( 0 0 0 0 0.27 0 0.27 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) 
in
 i Spacingshear  1 ft  ft
 i 
 Av  dv  fyv cot( θ) 

Vs  if Vs.req  0 0 
i i  (LRFD 5.8.3.3-4)
T
Vs  ( 0 0 0 0 8.426 0 8.424 0 0 0 0 0 0 )  kip
i  i Spacingshear  1ft 
 i 
Final Shear Capacity
Vn  Vc  Vs (LRFD 5.8.3.3-1) Vu  ϕv Vn

i i i i i
T
Vu  ( 7.27 7.40 7.27 7.27 16.38 9.82 16.37 7.34 7.34 7.34 10.32 10.16 10.03 )  kip
csh  if Vu  Vstr1 "OK" "NG" 

i  i i 
T
csh  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
The transverse shear reinforcement requirement of LRFD article 5.8.2.4 is exempt for culverts and therefore the shear
reinforcement shall be provided until the design shear force Vu is less than the shear capacity of the concrete alone ϕVc.
The shear capacity of the concrete alone (Vc) is taken from above and the location where the shear stirrups can be removed
is found by investigating the factored moments and shears at the tenth points
0  11.694 0.703
   
0.131 LBvstr1( Vector value)  for j  1  11
9   10.02 
18   8.338  0.763  return j if Vector j  value
27   6.919  2.165

    UB vstr1( Vector value)  for j  1  11
36   5.482  3.584  return j  1 if Vectorj  value
L ts  45   in Vstr1.tsi   4.076  5.008   kip
    Vc.LT  ϕv Vc Vc.RT   ϕv Vc
54   2.679  6.423  5 7
63   0.94  8.232 
    
LTvstr1  submatrix Vstr1.tsi 1 11 1 1 
72   0.186  9.563 
81   0.896 RTvstr1  submatrix Vstr1.tsi 1 11 2 2 
 11.362 
   
90    1.2  13.072 

Find the Upper and Lower Bound Location where the shear strength is found
UB LT  UB vstr1 LTvstr1 Vc.LT  UB LT  2 
UB RT  UB vstr1 RTvstr1 Vc.RT  UB RT  8

LBLT  LBvstr1 LTvstr1 Vc.LT  LBLT  3 
LBRT  LBvstr1 RTvstr1 Vc.RT  LBRT  9
The length from each end to where the transverse reinforcing can be stopped is found:
value  ForceLB
Stirrupstop( UB LB L value Force)  Per 
ForceUB  ForceLB

Stop  Per LUB  LLB  L LB 

LT  Stirrupstop UB LT LBLT L ts Vc.LT LTvstr1  RT  Lts 
 Stirrupstop UBRT LB RT Lts Vc.RT RTvstr1 
 
last L ts
LT  15.566 in RT  23.217 in
Therefore the shear stirrup zone can be removed after 2ft from each slab end
Maximum Spacing Requirement
Vstr1
i
ν u  (LRFD 5.8.2.9)
i ϕv b d v
i
smax  if νu  0.125 fc' min0.8 dv 24in min0.4 d v 12in (LRFD 5.8.2.7)
i  i  i   i 
T
smax  ( 3.81 3.88 3.81 3.81 4.61 5.15 4.61 3.85 3.85 3.85 5.41 5.33 5.26 )  in
checkshear.spacing  if smax  Spacingshear  1 ft "OK" "NG" 

i  i i 
T
checkshear.spacing  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
top slab. No vertical distance is required as the clear height is less than 5ft and therefore Eriksson Culvert omits bar B2
and makes bars A1 and A2 have the same spacing with a class C splice
Inflection point from Negative Moment Envelope Inflectionpoint.h  10.98in
Epoxy coated Bar Modep  if spacing4  ft  3 Wire D 1.5 if clear4  6 Wire D 1.5 1.2 Modep  1.2
 4  4 
Area of steel As.req_new( 4)
provided As
4
Spacing Mods  if spacing4  ft  6in 1 if clear4  3 Wire D 1 0.8 Mods  0.8
  4 

Development Length for Deformed Wire in Tension (LRFD 5.11.2.1)
0.95 WireD  fy
4
Ldp  Modep Modas  Mods Ldp  8.842 in
fc'
ksi 
ksi

Ld  max Ldp 12in  Ld  12 in
Extension Length
Exlength  max Ld 12 WireD 0.0625 Clear_Span ds  (LRFD 5.11.2.3)
 4 4
Exlength  12 in

Cutoffh  Exlength  Inflectionpoint.h Cutoffh  1.915 ft


Deflection Criteria is not checked for multi-cell box culverts in Eriksson Culvert
4.14 Load Rating

The manual for bridge Evaluation (MBE) will be utilized for Load and Resistance Factor Rating. Modifications to
the existing equations for bridge superstructures are made for several issues that apply to culverts. The general
equation used for this evaluation was adopted from MBE 6A.4.2.1-1 and shown below.
C moment  ψc ψs Ma C shear  ψc ψs Vu MBE (6A.4.2.1-2)
interpolated

Mrat.wa  Intforce CS moment L wa Mwa 1 8 1 4  Mrat.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts Mts 1 8 5 7
Mrat.int  Intforce  CS moment L wa Mint 1 8 8 10 Mrat.bs  Intforce  CS moment L bs Mbs 1 8 11 13
Vrat.wa  Intforce CS shear Lwa Vwa 1 8 1 4 Vrat.ts  Intforce CSshear L ts Vts 1 8 5 7
Vrat.int  Intforce  CS shear Lwa Vint 1 8 8 10 Vrat.bs  Intforce CS shear Lbs Vbs 1 8 11 13
Mrat.all  stack Mrat.wasubmatrix Mrat.ts 5 7 1 8  submatrix Mrat.int 8 10 1 8 submatrix Mrat.bs 11 13 1 8 
Vrat.all  stack Vrat.wasubmatrix Vrat.ts 5 7 1 8  submatrix Vrat.int 8 10 1 8  submatrix Vrat.bs 11 13 1 8  

 
RF C Intf γLL  for i  1  13

 T


 
LLi  if  Section = "Neg" Intf Intf 
i
T
 i 8 i 7 

i
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF1 
i γLL LLmod
i
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF2 
 i i 5
RF3  99 if Intf =0
i i 5
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
otherwis
γLL Intf
i 5

RFtot  augment RF1 RF2 RF3 
i
 T 
i   
RFmin

IRmoment  RF Cmoment Mrat.all γLL  
IRshear  RFs C shear Vrat.all γLL 
T
IRmoment  ( 2.89 2.96 2.60 1.48 2.60 1.06 1.51 6.25 3.35 1.89 6.08 1.56 1.55 )
T
IRshear  ( 7.21 17.66 12.51 6.37 1.71 2.36 1.50 7.92 7.92 7.92 2.91 99.00 1.71 )

Table 3.4.1-2

ORmoment  RF Cmoment Mrat.all γLL.OR  
ORshear  RFs C shear Vrat.all γLL.OR 
T
ORmoment  ( 3.74 3.84 3.37 1.91 3.37 1.37 1.96 8.1 4.34 2.44 7.88 2.03 2.01 )
T
ORshear  ( 9.34 22.89 16.21 8.26 2.22 3.06 1.95 10.26 10.26 10.26 3.77 99 2.21 )

QC comparison table
Flexural strength check

Shear strength check Shear spacing check
Ma  4.41 kip ft
5 Vu  16.38 kip smax  4.61 in
5 5
Ma  14.47 kip ft
6 Vu  9.82 kip smax  4.61 in
6 7
Ma  9.96 kip ft
7 Vu  16.37 kip smax  5.41 in
7 11
Ma  5.08 kip ft
11 Vu  10.16 kip smax  5.26 in
12 13
Ma  8.85 kip ft
12 Vu  10.03 kip
13
Ma  10.54 kip ft
13 Vu  7.27 kip
1 Crack control check ET
Ma  5.20 kip ft
1 Vu  7.40 kip smax.r  13.52 in 3
2 6
Ma  1.62 kip ft
2 Vu  7.27 kip smax.r  12.28 in 4
3 7
Ma  5.18 kip ft
3 Vu  7.27 kip smax.r  18.13 in 5
4 12
Ma  5.20 kip ft
4 Vu  7.34 kip smax.r  17.95 in 6
8 13
Ma  5.61 kip ft
8 Vu  7.34 kip
9
Ma  3.46 kip ft
9 Vu  7.34 kip
10 Load rating
Ma  5.56 kip ft
10
IRmoment  1.06
6
IRmoment  1.56
debug  0 12
IRshear  1.50
7
IRshear  1.71
13

Eriksson
Culvert
2
Top Slab-Bar A100 1.070 1.083 -1.2%
Bottom Slab-Bar A200 1.199 1.206 -0.6%
Top Corner-Bar AE1 0.480 0.482 -0.4%
2
5.10.8 Temperature and Shrinkage (in /ft)
Top Slab-Bar CE1 0.120 0.120 0.0%
Top Slab-Bar C100 0.120 0.120 0.0%
Bottom Slab-Bar C200 0.120 0.120 0.0%


Permit Load Rating

MBE 6A.4.2.1
A2- Flexure Operating Rating 1.33 1.33 0.0%
Top Slab LT- Shear Operating Rating 1.64 1.64 0.0%
Bot. Slab RT- Shear Operating Rating 1.52 1.52 0.0%
HL-93 Design Vehicle Rating

MBE 6A.4.2.1
A1- Flexure Inventory Rating 1.82 1.82 0.0%
A2- Flexure Operating Rating 2.69 2.69 0.0%
Bottom Slab LT-Shear Operating Rating 3.36 3.36 0.0%

By:RAA
Task : Verification Problem #5 Client: Eriksson Software 9/19/2018 3:06:50 PM
Job No. : 5 File: ETCulvert_VP5_Permit.etc p. 1 of 4

Physical Dimensions
Clear Span: 12'-0"
Clear Height: 12'-0"
Top Slab: 10"
Bottom Slab: 10"
Ext. Wall: 10" z
Fill Depth: 2.50 ft
6'-0"
x
Length: 6'-0"
Material Properties
Concrete
Type: Normal wt
10"
Steel
Yield, fy: 60 ksi
Soil
Density: 0.125 kcf
Exposure Factor
y
Class 1 Exposure
12'-0"
Ext. Cover Walls 2"
Int. Cover Walls 2"
Int. Top Slab 2"
Loads
10"
Live Load
Vehicle Names: CT-Permit-204 10" 12'-0" 10"
Max No. of Lanes: 1
Dead Load
Lateral Soil Loads
Consider Int. Water Press.: yes

By:RAA
Concrete Summary

Top Slab(Int) A100 9 8 8" S 13'-3" -- -- 318.0
Bot Slab(Int) A200 12 7 6" S 13'-3" -- -- 325.0
Top Slab(Ext) A300 7 3 11" S 13'-3" -- -- 35.0
Bot Slab(Ext) A400 7 3 11" S 13'-3" -- -- 35.0
Corner(Top) A1 16 6 9" L 5'-11" 3'-3" 2'-8" 142.0
Corner(Bot) A2 16 6 9" L 8'-3" 5'-7" 2'-8" 198.0
Wall(Int) B1 10 6 1'-3" S 12'-6" -- -- 188.0
Wall(Ext) B2 16 6 9" S 12'-0" -- -- 288.0
Longit. Top (Int) C100 9 3 1'-6" S 5'-11" -- -- 20.0
Longit. Bot (Int) C200 9 3 1'-6" S 5'-11" -- -- 20.0
Longit. Top (Ext) C1 15 3 11" S 5'-11" -- -- 33.4
Longit. Bot (Ext) C1 15 3 11" S 5'-11" -- -- 33.4
Longit. Wall (Ext) C1 28 3 11" S 5'-11" -- -- 62.3
Longit. Wall (Int) C1 28 3 11" S 5'-11" -- -- 62.3
1760
5" 15 C1 Bars @ 11" 5" 10" 9 C100 Bars @ 1'-6" 10"

10 1/2"
10 1/2"
10 1/2"
10 1/2"
14 C1 Bars @ 11"
14 C1 Bars @ 11"
14 C1 Bars @ 11"
14 C1 Bars @ 11"
10 1/2"
10 1/2"
10 1/2"
10 1/2"
5" 15 C1 Bars @ 11" 5" 10" 9 C200 Bars @ 1'-6" 10"


By:RAA
4 1/2" 8 B2 Bars @ 9" 4 1/2"
4 1/2" 8 B2 Bars @ 9" 4 1/2"
6"
6"
6" 5 B1 Bars @ 1'-3"
6" 5 B1 Bars @ 1'-3"

3"
4"
3" 7 A300 Bars @ 11"
4" 9 A100 Bars @ 8"

3"
3"
3" 7 A400 Bars @ 11"
3" 12 A200 Bars @ 6"

By:RAA
4 1/2" 8 A1 Bars @ 9" 4 1/2"
4 1/2" 8 A1 Bars @ 9" 4 1/2"
4 1/2" 8 A2 Bars @ 9" 4 1/2"
4 1/2" 8 A2 Bars @ 9" 4 1/2"


Filename: ETCulvert_VP5_Permit.etc Culvert p. 1 of 9
Task : Verification Problem #5
Job No.: 5
CULVERT PROPERTIES
==================
Physical Dimensions
-------------------
Ext Wall: 10.0000 in
Wall Joint: None
Material Properties
-------------------
Fr Factor : 0.37
Poisson's : 0.5
Fe Factor : 1.400 (Maximum for Uncompacted Fill)
Loads
-----
Live Load: Vehicle: (AA) CT-Permit-204 - Permit Vehicle
1 15.00 0.00
2 27.00 11.00
3 27.00 4.00
4 27.00 4.00
5 27.00 24.00
6 27.00 4.00
7 27.00 4.00
8 27.00 4.00
Include Tandem: no
Combine: Truck Or Tandem Or Lane
Rating Load Factor: 1.35
Design Load Combinations: Strength II
Override MPF: no
Override DLA: no
Buoyancy Check : no
Fluid Pressures: Apply Water Press. : yes, to the interior
Int. Pressure Head : 0.00
---------------------------
Max Min
DC: 1.250 0.900
DW: 1.500 0.650
EV: 1.300 0.900
EH: 1.350 0.900
WA: 1.000
LL I : 1.750 LL II : 1.720

Reinforcement
-------------
Top Slab: 2.0000 in 2.0000 in
Walls : 2.0000 in 2.0000 in
Bot Slab: 2.0000 in 2.0000 in
Design Options
--------------
Ext. Wall: Variable
Extend Critical Section for Shear Beyond the End of the Haunch: yes
Use Max. Moment with Max. Shear at the Critical Section for Shear: no
Use Eq. 12.10.4.2.4a-1: no

DESIGN RESULTS
==============
Top Slab Thickness = 10.00 in (from CT-Permit-204 truck)
Bottom Slab Thickness = 10.00 in (from CT-Permit-204 truck)
Exterior Wall Thickness = 10.00 in (from CT-Permit-204 truck)
--------------------------
Corner (Top) A1 (AS1) 16 6 L-BAR 9.00 0.587 0.480 5-11 142 3- 3 2- 8 AA
Corner (Bottom) A2 (AS1) 16 6 L-BAR 9.00 0.587 0.568 8- 3 198 5- 7 2- 8 AA
Total 1760
AS Bar Marks
----------------
Transverse Side Wall - Inside Face (AS4) a 0.351
Distribution Top Slab - Inside Face (AS5) 0
--------------------
Bar Splice Length
Mark Size (ft-in)
B1 6 2- 1
C1 3 1- 1
C100 3 1- 1
C200 3 1- 1
-------------------------
Flexure Shear
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
(AA) CT-Permi 2.50 4 MID 1.19 1.19 2.50 4 LT 1.82 1.82

----------------------------------
BOT 13.00 -20.36 15.76 21.35 7.63 23.37 0.90 0.59a 16.55 1.58 1.58 AA 2.50
MID 77.00 9.47 2.65 13.06 7.63 12.48 0.90 0.35a 16.55* NC NC AA 2.50
MID- 77.00 -17.50 15.76 21.35 7.63 23.37 0.90 0.59a 16.55 1.77 1.77 AA 2.50
TOP 13.00 -17.34 15.76 21.35 7.63 23.37 0.90 0.59a 16.55 1.78 1.78 AA 2.50

LT 13.00 -9.91 4.77 21.35 7.63 20.48 0.90 0.59b 16.55 3.54 3.54 AA 2.50
MID 77.00 33.27 0.04 40.31 7.50 36.29 0.90 1.18a 16.55 1.34 1.34 AA 2.50
RT 13.00 -9.91 4.77 21.35 7.63 20.48 0.90 0.59b 16.55 3.54 3.54 AA 2.50
LT 13.00 -10.15 7.69 21.35 7.63 21.24 0.90 0.59b 16.55 4.89 4.89 AA 2.50
MID 77.00 36.91 0.30 41.14 7.56 37.10 0.90 1.20a 16.55 1.19 1.19 AA 2.50
RT 13.00 -10.15 7.69 21.35 7.63 21.24 0.90 0.59b 16.55 4.89 4.89 AA 2.50
------------------------------------------
BOT 20.20 5.37 19.1 15.76 7.28 11.11 2.000 12.35b 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.85 6.85 AA 2.50
MID 77.00 0.58 9.5 2.65 7.42 11.32 2.000 12.58b 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.99 99.99 AA 2.50
MID- 77.00 0.58 9.5 15.76 7.28 11.11 2.000 12.35b 0.00 0.00 0.00 96.19 96.19 AA 2.50
TOP 20.20 -3.91 16.4 15.76 7.28 11.11 2.000 12.35b 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.17 10.17 AA 2.50
LT 20.20 11.79 7.6 4.77 7.63 17.46 n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.98 1.98 AA 2.50
MID 77.00 2.83 33.3 0.04 7.50 17.17 n/a 19.08c 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.33 7.33 AA 2.50
RT 20.20 11.79 7.6 4.77 7.63 17.46 n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.98 1.98 AA 2.50
LT 20.20 13.05 5.9 7.69 7.63 17.46 n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.82 1.82 AA 2.50
MID 77.00 0.08 36.9 0.30 7.56 17.31 n/a 19.24c 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.99 99.99 AA 2.50
RT 20.20 13.05 5.9 7.69 7.63 17.46 n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.82 1.82 AA 2.50

========================================================================================================
========================================================================================================
Load Parameters:
---------------
Fe = 1.04
------------------------
----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
Bottom Bottom
1- 0 -3.10 -2.22 -0.20 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 1- 0 0.21 0.00 0.00 4.16 0.72 -3.24
1- 1 -2.83 -2.22 -0.20 0.81 0.06 -0.75 1- 1 0.21 0.00 0.00 3.07 0.57 -2.33
1- 2 -2.56 -2.22 -0.20 4.12 0.71 -3.22 1- 2 0.21 0.00 0.00 2.08 0.43 -1.51
1- 3 -2.30 -2.22 -0.20 6.21 1.17 -4.70 1- 3 0.21 0.00 0.00 1.18 0.29 -0.79
1- 4 -2.03 -2.22 -0.20 7.21 1.44 -5.31 1- 4 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.37 0.14 -0.17
1- 5 -1.76 -2.22 -0.20 7.22 1.54 -5.19 1- 5 0.21 0.00 0.00 -0.35 0.00 0.36
1- 6 -1.50 -2.22 -0.20 6.38 1.44 -4.45 1- 6 0.21 0.00 0.00 -0.97 -0.14 0.79
1- 7 -1.23 -2.22 -0.20 4.79 1.17 -3.21 1- 7 0.21 0.00 0.00 -1.50 -0.29 1.13
1- 8 -0.96 -2.22 -0.20 2.58 0.71 -1.61 1- 8 0.21 0.00 0.00 -1.94 -0.43 1.37
1- 9 -0.70 -2.22 -0.20 -0.14 0.06 0.24 1- 9 0.21 0.00 0.00 -2.29 -0.57 1.51
1-10 -0.43 -2.22 -0.20 -3.25 -0.77 2.22 1-10 0.21 0.00 0.00 -2.55 -0.72 1.56
Top Top
Left Left
2- 0 -0.43 -2.22 -0.20 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 0 0.88 2.08 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 1 0.53 0.18 0.02 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 1 0.64 1.66 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 2 1.25 2.05 0.18 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 2 0.48 1.25 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 3 1.77 3.38 0.30 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 3 0.32 0.83 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 4 2.08 4.18 0.37 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 4 0.16 0.42 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 5 2.18 4.45 0.40 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 6 2.08 4.18 0.37 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 6 -0.16 -0.42 -0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 7 1.77 3.38 0.30 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 7 -0.32 -0.83 -0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 8 1.25 2.05 0.18 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 8 -0.48 -1.25 -0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 9 0.53 0.18 0.02 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 9 -0.64 -1.66 -0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00
2-10 -0.43 -2.22 -0.20 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2-10 -0.88 -2.08 -0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right Right
Left Left
4- 0 -3.10 -2.22 -0.20 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 0 2.48 2.08 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 1 -0.23 0.18 0.02 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 1 1.99 1.66 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 2 2.00 2.05 0.18 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 2 1.49 1.25 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 3 3.59 3.38 0.30 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 3 0.99 0.83 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 4 4.54 4.18 0.37 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 4 0.50 0.42 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 5 4.86 4.45 0.40 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 6 4.54 4.18 0.37 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 6 -0.50 -0.42 -0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 7 3.59 3.38 0.30 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 7 -0.99 -0.83 -0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 8 2.00 2.05 0.18 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 8 -1.49 -1.25 -0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 9 -0.23 0.18 0.02 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 9 -1.99 -1.66 -0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00
4-10 -3.10 -2.22 -0.20 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4-10 -2.48 -2.08 -0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right Right
-----------------------------------
1 -0.88 -2.08 -0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 0.21 0.00 0.00 -2.55 -0.72 1.56
4 -0.21 0.00 0.00 -4.16 -0.72 3.24
------------------------------------------ Analysis Truck, CT-Permit-204 ----------------------------------
Truck 1 0.581 3.71
2 1.046 3.71 11.00
3 1.046 3.71 4.00
4 1.046 3.71 4.00
5 1.046 3.71 24.00

6 1.046 3.71 4.00
7 1.046 3.71 4.00
8 1.046 3.71 4.00

--------------------

-------------------------------------------
Truck 1 0.581 3.71 56.85 Truck 1 0.581 3.71 21.50
2 1.046 3.71 45.85 2 1.046 3.71 10.50
3 1.046 3.71 41.85 3 1.046 3.71 6.50
4 1.046 3.71 37.85 4 1.046 3.71 2.50
5 1.046 3.71 13.85 5 1.046 3.71 -21.50
6 1.046 3.71 9.85 6 1.046 3.71 -25.50
7 1.046 3.71 5.85 7 1.046 3.71 -29.50
8 1.046 3.71 1.85 8 1.046 3.71 -33.50
Truck 1 0.581 3.71 56.85 Truck 1 0.581 3.71 53.98
2 1.046 3.71 45.85 2 1.046 3.71 42.98
3 1.046 3.71 41.85 3 1.046 3.71 38.98
4 1.046 3.71 37.85 4 1.046 3.71 34.98
5 1.046 3.71 13.85 5 1.046 3.71 10.98
6 1.046 3.71 9.85 6 1.046 3.71 6.98
7 1.046 3.71 5.85 7 1.046 3.71 2.98
8 1.046 3.71 1.85 8 1.046 3.71 -1.02

-----------------------------------------------
Truck Tandem Lane
Bottom
1- 0 0.00 -6.70 0.12 -0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 1 0.00 -6.70 0.12 -0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 2 0.00 -6.69 0.12 -0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 3 0.00 -6.69 0.12 -0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 4 0.00 -6.69 0.12 -0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 5 0.00 -6.68 0.12 -0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 6 0.00 -6.68 0.12 -0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 7 0.00 -6.68 0.12 -0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 8 0.00 -6.68 0.12 -0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 9 0.00 -6.70 0.12 -0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1-10 0.03 -6.76 0.12 -0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Top
Left
2- 0 0.03 -6.76 6.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 1 1.93 -1.37 5.16 -0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 2 6.20 0.00 4.07 -0.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 3 10.15 0.00 3.11 -0.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 4 12.57 0.00 2.28 -1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 5 13.37 0.00 1.57 -1.57 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 6 12.57 0.00 1.00 -2.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 7 10.15 0.00 0.57 -3.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 8 6.20 0.00 0.25 -4.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 9 1.93 -1.37 0.06 -5.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2-10 0.03 -6.76 0.00 -6.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right

Left
4- 0 0.00 -6.70 6.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 1 0.69 -0.17 5.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 2 6.15 0.00 3.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 3 10.16 0.00 2.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 4 12.57 0.00 1.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 5 13.37 0.00 0.05 -0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 6 12.57 0.00 0.00 -1.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 7 10.16 0.00 0.00 -2.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 8 6.15 0.00 0.00 -3.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 9 0.69 -0.17 0.00 -5.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4-10 0.00 -6.70 0.00 -6.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right

--------------------
A1 Top Corner Bar -10.5 -9.50 21.53 9.00 17.75
A2 Bot Corner Bar -13.0 -9.50 28.86 9.00 12.03
A100 Top Slab (int) 21.0 0.62 32.34 8.00 9.66
A200 Bot Slab (int) 24.0 1.03 36.30 6.00 8.33
B1 Ext Wall (int) 4.6 -3.14 16.68 15.00 24.29
B2 Ext Wall (ext) -12.9 -9.50 28.42 9.00 12.29

--------------------------------------------------
BOT 13.00 -20.36 15.76 21.35 7.63 23.37 0.90 0.59a 16.55 1.58 1.58
MID 77.00 9.47 2.65 13.06 7.63 12.48 0.90 0.35a 16.55* NC NC
MID- 77.00 -17.50 15.76 21.35 7.63 23.37 0.90 0.59a 16.55 1.77 1.77
TOP 13.00 -17.34 15.76 21.35 7.63 23.37 0.90 0.59a 16.55 1.78 1.78
LT 13.00 -9.91 4.77 21.35 7.63 20.48 0.90 0.59b 16.55 3.54 3.54
MID 77.00 33.27 0.04 40.31 7.50 36.29 0.90 1.18a 16.55 1.34 1.34
RT 13.00 -9.91 4.77 21.35 7.63 20.48 0.90 0.59b 16.55 3.54 3.54
LT 13.00 -10.15 7.69 21.35 7.63 21.24 0.90 0.59b 16.55 4.89 4.89
MID 77.00 36.91 0.30 41.14 7.56 37.10 0.90 1.20a 16.55 1.19 1.19
RT 13.00 -10.15 7.69 21.35 7.63 21.24 0.90 0.59b 16.55 4.89 4.89
---------------------------------------------------------
BOT 20.20 5.37 19.1 15.76 7.28 11.11 2.000 45.00 12.35b 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.85 6.85
MID 77.00 0.58 9.5 2.65 7.42 11.32 2.000 45.00 12.58b 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.99 99.99
MID- 77.00 0.58 9.5 15.76 7.28 11.11 2.000 45.00 12.35b 0.00 0.00 0.00 96.19 96.19
TOP 20.20 -3.91 16.4 15.76 7.28 11.11 2.000 45.00 12.35b 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.17 10.17
LT 20.20 11.79 7.6 4.77 7.63 17.46 n/a n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.98 1.98
MID 77.00 2.83 33.3 0.04 7.50 17.17 n/a n/a 19.08c 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.33 7.33
RT 20.20 11.79 7.6 4.77 7.63 17.46 n/a n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.98 1.98
LT 20.20 13.05 5.9 7.69 7.63 17.46 n/a n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.82 1.82
MID 77.00 0.08 36.9 0.30 7.56 17.31 n/a n/a 19.24c 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.99 99.99
RT 20.20 13.05 5.9 7.69 7.63 17.46 n/a n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.82 1.82

----------------------------------------
Bottom
1- 0 -7.735 -26.334 4.284 15.764 7.693 0.299
1- 1 -3.191 -19.253 2.650 15.764 5.895 0.327
1- 2 2.892 -18.650 2.650 15.764 4.227 0.333
1- 3 6.919 -18.055 2.650 15.764 2.689 0.317
1- 4 9.056 -17.494 2.650 15.764 1.283 0.280
1- 5 9.473 -16.995 2.650 15.764 0.581 -0.354
1- 6 8.336 -16.587 2.650 15.764 0.499 -1.499
1- 7 5.814 -16.297 2.650 15.764 0.396 -2.513
1- 8 2.074 -16.156 2.650 15.764 0.271 -3.396
1- 9 -2.716 -16.451 2.650 15.764 0.124 -4.149
1-10 -4.307 -22.119 4.284 15.764 -0.045 -4.771
Top
Left
2- 0 -4.284 -22.259 0.045 4.771 15.764 2.650
2- 1 4.017 -7.630 0.045 4.771 12.667 2.069
2- 2 15.487 -3.189 0.045 4.731 9.858 1.552
2- 3 25.315 -1.530 0.045 4.731 7.287 0.649
2- 4 31.290 -0.534 0.045 4.731 4.956 -0.968
2- 5 33.269 -0.202 0.045 4.731 2.835 -2.835
2- 6 31.290 -0.534 0.045 4.731 0.968 -4.956
2- 7 25.315 -1.530 0.045 4.731 -0.649 -7.287
2- 8 15.487 -3.189 0.045 4.731 -1.552 -9.858
2- 9 4.017 -7.630 0.045 4.771 -2.069 -12.667
2-10 -4.284 -22.259 0.045 4.771 -2.650 -15.764
Right
Left
4- 0 -7.735 -26.334 0.299 7.693 17.684 4.025
4- 1 0.891 -7.159 0.299 7.693 14.148 3.220
4- 2 16.494 -3.234 0.299 7.373 10.611 2.415
4- 3 27.838 -0.651 0.299 7.373 7.075 1.610
4- 4 34.643 0.898 0.299 7.373 3.538 0.805
4- 5 36.910 1.415 0.299 7.373 0.085 -0.085
4- 6 34.643 0.898 0.299 7.373 -0.805 -3.538
4- 7 27.838 -0.651 0.299 7.373 -1.610 -7.075
4- 8 16.494 -3.234 0.299 7.373 -2.415 -10.611
4- 9 0.891 -7.159 0.299 7.693 -3.220 -14.148
4-10 -7.735 -26.334 0.299 7.693 -4.025 -17.684
Right

By:RAA

Physical Dimensions
Clear Span: 12'-0"
Clear Height: 12'-0"
Top Slab: 10"
Bottom Slab: 10"
Ext. Wall: 10" z
Fill Depth: 2.50 ft
6'-0"
x
Length: 6'-0"
Material Properties
Concrete
Type: Normal wt
10"
Steel
Yield, fy: 60 ksi
Soil
Density: 0.125 kcf
Exposure Factor
y
Class 1 Exposure
12'-0"
Ext. Cover Walls 2"
Int. Cover Walls 2"
Int. Top Slab 2"
Loads
10"
Live Load
Vehicle Names: HL-93 10" 12'-0" 10"
Max No. of Lanes: 1
Dead Load
Lateral Soil Loads
Consider Int. Water Press.: yes

By:RAA
Concrete Summary

Top Slab(Int) A100 15 6 5" S 13'-3" -- -- 299.0
Bot Slab(Int) A200 9 8 8" S 13'-3" -- -- 318.0
Top Slab(Ext) A300 6 4 1'-0" S 13'-3" -- -- 53.0
Bot Slab(Ext) A400 6 4 1'-0" S 13'-3" -- -- 53.0
Corner(Top) A1 16 6 9" L 5'-8" 3'-0" 2'-8" 136.0
Corner(Bot) A2 16 6 9" L 8'-4" 5'-8" 2'-8" 200.0
Wall(Int) B1 16 5 10" S 12'-6" -- -- 209.0
Wall(Ext) B2 16 6 9" S 12'-0" -- -- 288.0
Longit. Top (Int) C100 9 3 1'-6" S 5'-11" -- -- 20.0
Longit. Bot (Int) C200 9 3 1'-6" S 5'-11" -- -- 20.0
Longit. Top (Ext) C1 15 3 11" S 5'-11" -- -- 33.4
Longit. Bot (Ext) C1 15 3 11" S 5'-11" -- -- 33.4
1787
5" 15 C1 Bars @ 11" 5" 10" 9 C100 Bars @ 1'-6" 10"

10 1/2"
10 1/2"
10 1/2"
10 1/2"
14 C1 Bars @ 11"
14 C1 Bars @ 11"
14 C1 Bars @ 11"
14 C1 Bars @ 11"
10 1/2"
10 1/2"
10 1/2"
10 1/2"
5" 15 C1 Bars @ 11" 5" 10" 9 C200 Bars @ 1'-6" 10"


By:RAA
4 1/2" 8 B2 Bars @ 9" 4 1/2"
4 1/2" 8 B2 Bars @ 9" 4 1/2"
1"
1"
8 B1 Bars @ 10"
8 B1 Bars @ 10"
1"
1"
1"
6" 6 A300 Bars @ 1'-0" 6"
1" 15 A100 Bars @ 5"

4"
6" 6 A400 Bars @ 1'-0" 6"
4" 9 A200 Bars @ 8"

By:RAA
4 1/2" 8 A1 Bars @ 9" 4 1/2"
4 1/2" 8 A1 Bars @ 9" 4 1/2"
4 1/2" 8 A2 Bars @ 9" 4 1/2"
4 1/2" 8 A2 Bars @ 9" 4 1/2"


Task : Verification Problem #5
Job No.: 5
CULVERT PROPERTIES
==================
Operating Mode : Analysis
Physical Dimensions
-------------------
Member Thicknesses: Top Slab: 10.0000 in Bot Slab: 10.0000 in
Wall Joint: None
Material Properties
-------------------
Fr Factor : 0.37
Poisson's : 0.5
Fe Factor : 1.400 (Maximum for Uncompacted Fill)
Loads
-----
1 8.00 0.00
2 32.00 14.00
3 32.00 14.00
Include Tandem: yes
Override MPF: no
Override DLA: no
Buoyancy Check : no
Fluid Pressures: Apply Water Press. : yes, to the interior
Int. Pressure Head : 0.00
---------------------------
Max Min
DC: 1.250 0.900
DW: 1.500 0.650
EV: 1.300 0.900
EH: 1.350 0.900
WA: 1.000
LL I : 1.750 LL II : 1.350
Reinforcement
-------------
Top Slab: 2.0000 in 2.0000 in

Walls : 2.0000 in 2.0000 in
Bot Slab: 2.0000 in 2.0000 in
Assigned reinforcement: Spacing
Location Mark Size (in)
Top Slab Inside A100 (AS2) 6 5.0000
Bottom Slab Inside A200 (AS3) 8 8.0000
Top Slab Outside A300 (AS7) 4 12.0000
Bottom Slab Outside A400 (AS8) 4 12.0000
Top Corner A1 (AS1) 6 9.0000
Bottom Corner A2 (AS1) 6 9.0000
Ext. Wall Inside B1 (AS4) 5 10.0000
Ext. Wall Outside B2 (AS1) 6 9.0000
Longitudinal C1 (AS6) 3 11.0000
Top Distribution C100 (AS5) 3 18.0000
Bottom Distribution C200 3 18.0000
Analysis Options
----------------
Use Max. Moment with Max. Shear at the Critical Section for Shear: no
Use Eq. 12.10.4.2.4a-1: no

ANALYSIS RESULTS
================
--------------------------
Bar Spacing As,prv Length Wgt H Leg V Leg
Location Mark Qty Size Type (in) (in2/ft) (ft-in) (lbs) (ft-in)(ft-in)
Top Slab (int) A100 (AS2) 15 6 STR 5.00 1.056 13- 3 299
Bot Slab (int) A200 (AS3) 9 8 STR 8.00 1.185 13- 3 318
Top Slab (ext) A300 (AS7) 6 4 STR 12.00 0.200 13- 3 53
Bot Slab (ext) A400 (AS8) 6 4 STR 12.00 0.200 13- 3 53
Corner (Top) A1 (AS1) 16 6 L-BAR 9.00 0.587 5- 8 136 3- 0 2- 8
Corner (Bottom) A2 (AS1) 16 6 L-BAR 9.00 0.587 8- 4 200 5- 8 2- 8
Ext Wall (int) B1 (AS4) 16 5 STR 10.00 0.372 12- 6 209
Ext Wall (ext) B2 (AS1) 16 6 STR 9.00 0.587 12- 0 288
Top Slab (int- 1) C100 (AS5) 9 3 STR 18.00 0.073 5-11 20
Bot Slab (int- 1) C200 9 3 STR 18.00 0.073 5-11 20
Temperature ( 1) C1 (AS6) 15 3 STR 11.00 0.120 5-11 33
Total 1787
AS Bar Marks
----------------
Location Controling Case Prv Area in2/ft
Transverse Side Wall - Outside Face (AS1) b 0.587

--------------------
Bar Splice Length
Mark Size (ft-in)
B1 5 1- 9
C1 3 1- 1
C100 3 1- 1
C200 3 1- 1
-------------------------
Flexure Shear
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
(AA) HL-93 2.50 2 MID 1.16 1.51 2.50 2 LT 1.79 2.32

----------------------------------
BOT 13.00 -15.73 13.59 21.35 7.63 22.80 0.90 0.59 16.55 1.93 2.50 AA 2.50
MID 77.00 9.52 2.65 13.89 7.69 13.22 0.90 0.37 16.55 NC NC AA 2.50
MID- 77.00 -13.40 13.59 21.35 7.63 22.80 0.90 0.59 16.55 1.96 2.55 AA 2.50
TOP 13.00 -14.81 13.59 21.35 7.63 22.80 0.90 0.59 16.55 1.71 2.21 AA 2.50

LT 13.00 -9.48 4.92 21.35 7.63 20.51 0.90 0.59 16.55 3.02 3.92 AA 2.50
MID 77.00 28.46 0.01 36.98 7.63 33.28 0.90 1.06 16.55 1.16 1.51 AA 2.50
RT 13.00 -9.48 4.92 21.35 7.63 20.51 0.90 0.59 16.55 3.02 3.92 AA 2.50
LT 13.00 -9.50 7.75 21.35 7.63 21.26 0.90 0.59 16.55 4.70 6.09 AA 2.50
MID 77.00 27.43 0.18 40.31 7.50 36.32 0.90 1.18 16.55 1.48 1.92 AA 2.50
RT 13.00 -9.50 7.75 21.35 7.63 21.26 0.90 0.59 16.55 4.70 6.09 AA 2.50

------------------------------------------
BOT 20.20 5.43 14.5 13.59 7.28 11.11 2.000 12.35b 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.15 6.68 AA 2.50
MID 77.00 0.62 9.5 2.65 7.47 11.40 2.000 12.67b 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.99 99.99 AA 2.50
MID- 77.00 0.62 9.5 13.59 7.28 11.11 2.000 12.35b 0.00 0.00 0.00 39.61 51.35 AA 2.50
TOP 20.20 -4.05 13.7 13.59 7.28 11.11 2.000 12.35b 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.84 10.17 AA 2.50
LT 20.20 10.62 7.7 4.92 7.63 17.46 n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.79 2.32 AA 2.50
MID 77.00 2.94 28.5 0.01 7.63 17.46 n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.64 7.31 AA 2.50
RT 20.20 10.62 7.7 4.92 7.63 17.46 n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.79 2.32 AA 2.50
LT 20.20 9.65 6.0 7.75 7.63 17.46 n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.40 3.11 AA 2.50
MID 77.00 0.09 27.4 0.18 7.50 17.17 n/a 19.08c 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.99 99.99 AA 2.50
RT 20.20 9.65 6.0 7.75 7.63 17.46 n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.40 3.11 AA 2.50

========================================================================================================
Analysis Results: Fill Depth = 2.50 ft
========================================================================================================
Load Parameters:
---------------
Fe = 1.04
------------------------
----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
Bottom Bottom
1- 0 -3.10 -2.22 -0.20 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 1- 0 0.21 0.00 0.00 4.16 0.72 -3.24
1- 1 -2.83 -2.22 -0.20 0.81 0.06 -0.75 1- 1 0.21 0.00 0.00 3.07 0.57 -2.33
1- 2 -2.56 -2.22 -0.20 4.12 0.71 -3.22 1- 2 0.21 0.00 0.00 2.08 0.43 -1.51
1- 3 -2.30 -2.22 -0.20 6.21 1.17 -4.70 1- 3 0.21 0.00 0.00 1.18 0.29 -0.79
1- 4 -2.03 -2.22 -0.20 7.21 1.44 -5.31 1- 4 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.37 0.14 -0.17
1- 5 -1.76 -2.22 -0.20 7.22 1.54 -5.19 1- 5 0.21 0.00 0.00 -0.35 0.00 0.36
1- 6 -1.50 -2.22 -0.20 6.38 1.44 -4.45 1- 6 0.21 0.00 0.00 -0.97 -0.14 0.79
1- 7 -1.23 -2.22 -0.20 4.79 1.17 -3.21 1- 7 0.21 0.00 0.00 -1.50 -0.29 1.13
1- 8 -0.96 -2.22 -0.20 2.58 0.71 -1.61 1- 8 0.21 0.00 0.00 -1.94 -0.43 1.37
1- 9 -0.70 -2.22 -0.20 -0.14 0.06 0.24 1- 9 0.21 0.00 0.00 -2.29 -0.57 1.51
1-10 -0.43 -2.22 -0.20 -3.25 -0.77 2.22 1-10 0.21 0.00 0.00 -2.55 -0.72 1.56
Top Top
Left Left
2- 0 -0.43 -2.22 -0.20 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 0 0.88 2.08 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 1 0.53 0.18 0.02 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 1 0.64 1.66 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 2 1.25 2.05 0.18 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 2 0.48 1.25 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 3 1.77 3.38 0.30 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 3 0.32 0.83 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 4 2.08 4.18 0.37 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 4 0.16 0.42 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 5 2.18 4.45 0.40 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 6 2.08 4.18 0.37 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 6 -0.16 -0.42 -0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 7 1.77 3.38 0.30 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 7 -0.32 -0.83 -0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 8 1.25 2.05 0.18 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 8 -0.48 -1.25 -0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 9 0.53 0.18 0.02 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2- 9 -0.64 -1.66 -0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00
2-10 -0.43 -2.22 -0.20 -3.35 -0.77 2.32 2-10 -0.88 -2.08 -0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right Right
Left Left
4- 0 -3.10 -2.22 -0.20 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 0 2.48 2.08 0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 1 -0.23 0.18 0.02 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 1 1.99 1.66 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 2 2.00 2.05 0.18 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 2 1.49 1.25 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 3 3.59 3.38 0.30 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 3 0.99 0.83 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 4 4.54 4.18 0.37 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 4 0.50 0.42 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 5 4.86 4.45 0.40 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 6 4.54 4.18 0.37 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 6 -0.50 -0.42 -0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 7 3.59 3.38 0.30 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 7 -0.99 -0.83 -0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 8 2.00 2.05 0.18 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 8 -1.49 -1.25 -0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 9 -0.23 0.18 0.02 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4- 9 -1.99 -1.66 -0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00
4-10 -3.10 -2.22 -0.20 -3.83 -0.77 2.82 4-10 -2.48 -2.08 -0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right Right
-----------------------------------
1 -0.88 -2.08 -0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 0.21 0.00 0.00 -2.55 -0.72 1.56
4 -0.21 0.00 0.00 -4.16 -0.72 3.24
Truck 1 0.310 3.71
2 1.239 3.71 14.00
3 1.239 3.71 14.00
Tandem 1 0.968 3.71

2 0.968 3.71 4.00

--------------------

-------------------------------------------
Truck 1 0.310 3.71 20.42 Truck 1 0.310 3.71 20.99
2 1.239 3.71 6.42 2 1.239 3.71 6.99
3 1.239 3.71 -7.58 3 1.239 3.71 -7.01
Truck 1 0.310 3.71 15.85 Truck 1 0.310 3.71 24.98
2 1.239 3.71 1.85 2 1.239 3.71 10.98
3 1.239 3.71 -12.15 3 1.239 3.71 -3.02
Tandem 1 0.968 3.71 8.27 Tandem 1 0.968 3.71 7.92
2 0.968 3.71 4.27 2 0.968 3.71 3.92
Tandem 1 0.968 3.71 5.85 Tandem 1 0.968 3.71 10.98
2 0.968 3.71 1.85 2 0.968 3.71 6.98

-----------------------------------------------
Truck Tandem Lane
Bottom
1- 0 0.00 -2.90 0.14 -0.13 0.00 -4.03 0.07 -0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 1 0.00 -2.79 0.14 -0.13 0.00 -4.07 0.07 -0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 2 0.00 -2.77 0.14 -0.13 0.00 -4.11 0.07 -0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 3 0.00 -2.84 0.14 -0.13 0.00 -4.20 0.07 -0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 4 0.00 -2.96 0.14 -0.13 0.00 -4.34 0.07 -0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 5 0.00 -3.11 0.14 -0.13 0.00 -4.50 0.07 -0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 6 0.00 -3.25 0.14 -0.13 0.00 -4.67 0.07 -0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 7 0.00 -3.41 0.14 -0.13 0.00 -4.84 0.07 -0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 8 0.00 -3.57 0.14 -0.13 0.00 -5.01 0.07 -0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 9 0.00 -3.74 0.14 -0.13 0.00 -5.19 0.07 -0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1-10 0.04 -3.90 0.14 -0.13 0.03 -5.36 0.07 -0.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Top
Left
2- 0 0.04 -3.90 3.97 0.00 0.03 -5.36 5.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 1 2.28 -1.21 3.52 -0.07 1.78 -1.29 4.33 -0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 2 5.05 0.00 3.05 -0.29 5.38 0.00 3.59 -0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 3 7.07 0.00 2.57 -0.67 8.28 0.00 2.84 -0.53 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 4 8.33 0.00 2.08 -1.13 10.00 0.00 2.11 -0.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 5 8.75 0.00 1.60 -1.60 10.52 0.00 1.45 -1.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 6 8.33 0.00 1.13 -2.08 10.00 0.00 0.93 -2.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 7 7.07 0.00 0.67 -2.57 8.28 0.00 0.53 -2.84 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 8 5.05 0.00 0.29 -3.05 5.38 0.00 0.23 -3.59 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 9 2.28 -1.21 0.07 -3.52 1.78 -1.29 0.06 -4.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2-10 0.04 -3.90 0.00 -3.97 0.03 -5.36 0.00 -5.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right

Left
4- 0 0.00 -2.90 2.34 0.00 0.00 -4.03 3.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 1 0.57 -0.21 1.89 0.00 0.68 -0.16 2.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 2 2.60 0.00 1.43 0.00 3.88 0.00 2.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 3 4.04 0.00 0.97 0.00 6.16 0.00 1.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 4 4.91 0.00 0.51 0.00 7.52 0.00 0.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 5 5.20 0.00 0.05 -0.05 7.98 0.00 0.04 -0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 6 4.91 0.00 0.00 -0.51 7.52 0.00 0.00 -0.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 7 4.04 0.00 0.00 -0.97 6.16 0.00 0.00 -1.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 8 2.60 0.00 0.00 -1.43 3.88 0.00 0.00 -2.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 9 0.57 -0.21 0.00 -1.89 0.68 -0.16 0.00 -2.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4-10 0.00 -2.90 0.00 -2.34 0.00 -4.03 0.00 -3.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right

--------------------
A1 Top Corner Bar -9.0 -8.21 18.41 9.00 21.57
A2 Bot Corner Bar -10.4 -8.21 22.42 9.00 16.86
A100 Top Slab (int) 18.2 0.64 30.75 5.00 11.00
A200 Bot Slab (int) 18.6 1.09 28.85 8.00 11.44
B1 Ext Wall (int) 4.6 -3.14 15.71 10.00 26.55
B2 Ext Wall (ext) -10.5 -8.21 22.83 9.00 16.47

--------------------------------------------------
BOT 13.00 -15.73 13.59 21.35 7.63 22.80 0.90 0.59 16.55 1.93 2.50
MID 77.00 9.52 2.65 13.89 7.69 13.22 0.90 0.37 16.55 NC NC
MID- 77.00 -13.40 13.59 21.35 7.63 22.80 0.90 0.59 16.55 1.96 2.55
TOP 13.00 -14.81 13.59 21.35 7.63 22.80 0.90 0.59 16.55 1.71 2.21
LT 13.00 -9.48 4.92 21.35 7.63 20.51 0.90 0.59 16.55 3.02 3.92
MID 77.00 28.46 0.01 36.98 7.63 33.28 0.90 1.06 16.55 1.16 1.51
RT 13.00 -9.48 4.92 21.35 7.63 20.51 0.90 0.59 16.55 3.02 3.92
LT 13.00 -9.50 7.75 21.35 7.63 21.26 0.90 0.59 16.55 4.70 6.09
MID 77.00 27.43 0.18 40.31 7.50 36.32 0.90 1.18 16.55 1.48 1.92
RT 13.00 -9.50 7.75 21.35 7.63 21.26 0.90 0.59 16.55 4.70 6.09
---------------------------------------------------------
BOT 20.20 5.43 14.5 13.59 7.28 11.11 2.000 45.00 12.35b 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.15 6.68
MID 77.00 0.62 9.5 2.65 7.47 11.40 2.000 45.00 12.67b 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.99 99.99
MID- 77.00 0.62 9.5 13.59 7.28 11.11 2.000 45.00 12.35b 0.00 0.00 0.00 39.61 51.35
TOP 20.20 -4.05 13.7 13.59 7.28 11.11 2.000 45.00 12.35b 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.84 10.17
LT 20.20 10.62 7.7 4.92 7.63 17.46 n/a n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.79 2.32
MID 77.00 2.94 28.5 0.01 7.63 17.46 n/a n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.64 7.31
RT 20.20 10.62 7.7 4.92 7.63 17.46 n/a n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.79 2.32
LT 20.20 9.65 6.0 7.75 7.63 17.46 n/a n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.40 3.11
MID 77.00 0.09 27.4 0.18 7.50 17.17 n/a n/a 19.08c 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.99 99.99
RT 20.20 9.65 6.0 7.75 7.63 17.46 n/a n/a 19.40c 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.40 3.11

----------------------------------------
Bottom
1- 0 -7.735 -21.655 4.284 13.591 7.751 0.177
1- 1 -3.190 -14.639 2.650 13.591 5.948 0.205
1- 2 2.914 -14.120 2.650 13.591 4.276 0.211
1- 3 6.955 -13.697 2.650 13.591 2.734 0.195
1- 4 9.102 -13.399 2.650 13.591 1.323 0.157
1- 5 9.521 -13.194 2.650 13.591 0.616 -0.476
1- 6 8.382 -13.099 2.650 13.591 0.535 -1.625
1- 7 5.851 -13.128 2.650 13.591 0.432 -2.644
1- 8 2.097 -13.309 2.650 13.591 0.307 -3.532
1- 9 -2.714 -13.885 2.650 13.591 0.160 -4.290
1-10 -4.295 -19.782 4.284 13.591 -0.009 -4.916
Top
Left
2- 0 -4.271 -19.922 0.009 4.916 13.591 2.650
2- 1 4.728 -7.554 0.009 4.916 11.309 2.069
2- 2 14.177 -3.213 0.009 4.754 9.105 1.552
2- 3 22.186 -1.554 0.009 4.754 6.902 0.438
2- 4 26.958 -0.558 0.009 4.754 4.718 -1.236
2- 5 28.464 -0.227 0.009 4.754 2.940 -2.940
2- 6 26.958 -0.558 0.009 4.754 1.236 -4.718
2- 7 22.186 -1.554 0.009 4.754 -0.438 -6.902
2- 8 14.177 -3.213 0.009 4.754 -1.552 -9.105
2- 9 4.728 -7.554 0.009 4.916 -2.069 -11.309
2-10 -4.271 -19.922 0.009 4.916 -2.650 -13.591
Right
Left
4- 0 -7.735 -21.655 0.177 7.751 13.061 4.025
4- 1 0.893 -7.261 0.177 7.751 10.464 3.220
4- 2 12.505 -3.258 0.177 7.396 7.866 2.415
4- 3 20.797 -0.676 0.177 7.396 5.269 1.610
4- 4 25.769 0.874 0.177 7.396 2.671 0.805
4- 5 27.427 1.391 0.177 7.396 0.086 -0.086
4- 6 25.769 0.874 0.177 7.396 -0.805 -2.671
4- 7 20.797 -0.676 0.177 7.396 -1.610 -5.269
4- 8 12.505 -3.258 0.177 7.396 -2.415 -7.866
4- 9 0.893 -7.261 0.177 7.751 -3.220 -10.464
4-10 -7.735 -21.655 0.177 7.751 -4.025 -13.061
Right

Box Culvert Permit Vehicle Design and Rating, LRFD Specs
5.1 Input
5.2 Design Process
5.4 Loads
5.15 Load Rating

Description: Eriksson Culvert verification problem 5. Design and Rating of a single cell four sided precast box
culvert with no skew under both a design and permit vehicle
References:
3
5.1 Input
K1  1.0 Aggmax  1.5in

Soil: γs  125 pcf Water: γw  62.4pcf
Asphalt: γa  140 pcf LRFD Table 3.5.1-1
Geometry: Box Culvert: H t  12ft W  12ft L  6 ft skew  0 deg Clear_Span  W

Reinforcement : coverte  2 in coverbe  2 in coverwe  2 in
Cover
Fill type: Fill_type  "Uncompacted"
Future Wearing Surface: h fws  2.5in
Condition Factor ψc  0.95 System factor ψs  1.0

5.2 Design Process
For the design of culverts and other bridge structures the state or local agency typically specifies permit vehicles
or legal loads required in the design of the structure. The process of load rating the structure ensures sufficient
live load carrying capacity under all applicable limit states. Typically the level of load rating is performed in a
sequential manner in the order of design loads, legal loads and permit loads. However depending on the vehicles
and live load factors legal or permit loads may govern the design.
In this verification problem, A 12X12 box culvert will be designed and load rated under the HL-93 design load. Both
inventory and operating ratings are going to be produced per MBE Table 6.A4.2.2-1. A permit vehicle found in the
State of Connecticut shown in figure 2 will be also assessed for the live load carrying capacity . The permit
vehicle type is assumed to be a routine or annual crossing mixed with traffic. Therefore according to
MBE6A.4.5.4.2a-1 the Live Load Factor is set to 1.72 due to the maximum axle weights on the bridge as
108kips. Therefore due the high load factor and axle weighs from inspection the permit vehicle will control the
design. Therefore we will conduct a first run under design mode with the Strength II limit state and permit vehicle.
Following the design, a check of the live load carry capacity under the design HL-93 vehicle will be verified under
analysis mode. This is the typical process for the design and load rating of a new culvert
Figure 2: Permit Live Load Vehicle


Design_Height  Ht  0.5 tbs  tts  Design_Height  154  in

Design_Span L
 15.4  6  ft
tts cos ( skew)
Design_Span
 18

(LRFD 12.11.2.1)
L
 4 ft
cos ( skew)

5.4 Loads
Dead Loads (DC):
bottom slab: wdbs  wc tbs 1 ft wdbs  0.125  klf
2
single haunch: th
weight 2
wall weight wwall  twa wc 1 ft wwall  0.125  klf
1

wbottom  wdts Design_Span  2  wwall Design_Height   Design_Span
wbottom  0.375  klf
Wearing Surface (DW): wdw  h fws γa  1 ft wdw  0.029  klf

Bc  13.667 ft
width
Fe  min1  0.2 1.15 if Fill_type = "Compacted"
  Fe  1.037
 Hs 
min 1  0.2 1.4 otherwise
 Bc  (LRFD 12.11.2.2)
 
we  Fe γs Hs 1 ft we  0.324  klf
pressures
Minimum Case
 
weh_bot_min  γsmin H s  tts  Ht  tbs  1 ft weh_bot_min  0.453  klf
Maximum Case

weh_bot_max  γsmax  H s  tts  Ht  tbs  1 ft weh_bot_max  0.905  klf
Live Load :
wsllmin.h  γsmin LSht 1 ft wsllmin.h  0.056  klf
wsllmax.h  γsmax  LSht 1 ft wsllmax.h  0.112  klf
Maximum Case
Water Load : Internal Water pressure is used in the design of the culvert. Two cases are checked within the program
(WA) corresponding to the culvert full of water and empty. The water load varies from zero at the top slab to
the maximum shown below:
Maximum Case wwa.max  H t γw 1 ft wwa.max  0.749  klf

Use of CT-P204 loading for the design of the reinforcing. Axle loads will be distributed over an
Live Loads : equivalent contact area per Article 3.6.1.2.6 for fill depth greater than 2ft. For fills greater than 2ft the
(LL) distribution width for a wheel load is not limited to length of the culvert. Also according to LRFD
3.6.1.2.6 when several wheels overlap, the total load is uniformly distributed over the area. This
option is chosen in analysis options dialog box.
 Hs 
DLA  0.33 1  0.125   DLA  22.688 % (LRFD 3.6.2.2)
 ft 
 1.2 
 
 1.00 
MPFLRFD  Wheel_Gage  6 ft Tire_Length  10in
0.85  Fill_SlopeLRFD  1.15
  Lane_Sep  4 ft Tire_Width  20in
0.65 
(LRFD Table 3.6.1.1.2-1) (LRFD 3.6.1.3.1) (LRFD 3.6.1.2.6) (LRFD 3.6.1.2.5)
T
Axle Loads Paxle.204  ( 15 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 ) kip N axle  8
T
Axle Spacing SPaxle.204  ( 11 4 4 24 4 4 4 )  ft
For the top slab:
Dis_LengthL  H s Fill_SlopeLRFD  Tire_Length Dis_LengthL  3.708  ft
(LRFD 3.6.1.2.6)
Dis_Width T  Tire_Width  H s Fill_SlopeLRFD Dis_Width T  4.542  ft
Check if any of the wheels overlap and if so distribute uniformly over the entire area

checkoverlap  if Dis_WidthT  Wheel_Gage "Areas Overlap" "No Overlap use indivdual areas" 
checkoverlap  "No Overlap use indivdual areas"

N Lanes  1
 
Waxle p axle saxle naxle n lanes  Al  for q  1  naxle
if Dis_LengthL  min saxle  

DisL  Dis_LengthL 
 saxle
for qq  1  nlanes
DisWid  H s Fill_SlopeLRFD  qq Wheel_Gage  ( qq  1 )  Lane_Sep 

qq
 Tire_Width
 paxle qq MPFLRFD qq

 ( 1  DLA)
Axleload 
qq DisWid  DisL
qq
Dis_Wid  H s Fill_SlopeLRFD  Tire_Width  Lane_Sep

NLanes 1
 paxle MPFLRFD2 ( 1  DLA)

Axleload 
NLanes 1 q Dis_Wid  Dis_LengthL
NLanes 1
Axleload
otherwise
for qq  1  nlanes
DisWid  Hs Fill_SlopeLRFD  qq Wheel_Gage  ( qq  1 )  Lane_Sep 

qq q
 Tire_Width
paxle  qq MPFLRFD  ( 1  DLA)
q qq
Axleload 
qq q DisWid  Dis_LengthL
qq q
if n lanes  1
Dis_Wid  H s Fill_SlopeLRFD  Tire_Width  Lane_Sep

NLanes 1
p axle  MPFLRFD  ( 1  DLA)

q 2
Axleload 
NLanes 1 q Dis_Wid  Dis_LengthL
NLanes 1
Axleload
 max Al  if Dis_LengthL  min saxle  

Al otherwise
Permit Vehicle

WP204  Waxle Paxle.204 SPaxle.204 N axle NLanes  WP204  ( 0.565 1.017 1.017 1.017 1.017 1.017 1.017 1.017 )  ksf

Lane Loading:
Bottom Slab Loading
orientations to show the possible combinations of axles, however partial axle loads are not shown.
 
B_L n axle waxle  augment for q  1  naxle

 for q  1  naxle 

 q q 


Ptop 
q  waxle   Dis_LengthL
 j 
Ptop 
q  reverse axle j 
w  Dis_LengthL  

j 1 j1
 
 Ptop 1 ft Ptop 1 ft 
 Wbot  Wbot  
 q Design_Span q Design_Span 
Permit:
0.163 0.457 0.751 1.045 1.339 1.632 1.926 2.22 
Wbot.Truck  B_LNaxle WP204
T T
Wbot.Truck     klf
  0.294 0.588 0.881 1.175 1.469 1.763 2.057 2.22 

Load Modifier: 
ηmax  max ηR  ηI ηD 0.95  (LRFD 1.3.2.1-2) ηmax  1.05
ηmin  min
 1 
1.0 (LRFD 1.3.2.1-3) ηmin  0.952
Strength II Service Fatigue

Load Min. Max
DC 0.90 1.25 1.0 -
DW 0.65 1.50 1.0 -
EV 0.90 1.30 1.0 -
EH 0.90 1.35 1.0 -
LL 1.72 1.72 1.0 0.75
LS 1.72 1.72 1.0 -
WA 0.00 1.00 1.0 -
Strength I Load Factors for the Design Vehicle

Properties:
1 5 8 1 6
2 6 9
h  tbs 3 8
4 9
4 5 10
T T
h  ( 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 )  in cover  ( 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 )  in
assumed to be a rigid two dimensional frame. All vertical loading from the top slab is assumed to be uniformly
distributed along the bottom slab as performed in Eriksson Culvert. A more refined method of analysis requires
knowledge of the in-situ soil properties to select an appropriate soil stiffness (LRFD 12.11.2.3). The haunches are not
included in the structural analysis model which is shown in Figure 3.

Exterior Wall:
 3.10  2.22  0.2  3.86  0.77 2.82 0.00  6.70  0.21 0.00 0.00 4.16 0.72  3.24 0.12  0.07 
   
 2.22  0.2  0.75 0.00  6.70  2.33 0.12  0.07
 2.83 0.81 0.06
 0.21 0.00 0.00 3.07 0.57

 2.56  2.22  0.2 4.12 0.71  3.22 0.00  6.69  0.21 0.00 0.00 2.08 0.43  1.51 0.12  0.07 
 2.30  2.22  0.2 6.21 1.17  4.70 0.00  6.69
 0.21 0.00 0.00 1.18 0.29  0.79 0.12  0.07

   
 2.03  2.22  0.2 7.21 1.44  5.31 0.00  6.69  0.21 0.00 0.00 0.37 0.14  0.17 0.12  0.07 
Mwa   1.76  2.22  0.2 7.22 1.54  5.19 0.00  6.68 kip ftVwa  0.21
 0.00 0.00  0.35 0.00 0.36 0.12  0.07   kip
   
 1.50  2.22  0.2 6.38 1.44  4.45 0.00  6.68  0.21 0.00 0.00  0.97  0.14 0.79 0.12  0.07 
 1.23  2.22  0.2 4.79 1.17  3.21 0.00  6.68  0.21 0.00 0.00  1.50  0.29 1.13 0.12  0.07 
   
 0.96  2.22  0.2 2.58 0.71  1.61 0.00  6.68  0.21 0.00 0.00  1.94  0.43 1.37 0.12  0.07 
 0.70  2.22  0.2  0.14 0.06 0.24 0.00  6.70  0.21 0.00 0.00  2.29  0.57 1.51 0.12  0.07 
   
 0.43  2.22  0.2  3.25  0.77 2.32 0.03  6.76  0.21 0.00 0.00  2.55  0.72 1.56 0.12  0.07 
Top Slab: Pwa  (  0.88  2.08  0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  6.36 )  kip
 0.43  2.22  0.2  3.35  0.77 2.32 0.03  6.76   0.88 2.08 0.19 0 0 0 6.36 0.00 
   
0.18 0.02  3.35  0.77 2.32 1.94  1.37 1.66 0.15 0 0 0 5.17  0.06
 0.53   0.64 
 1.25 2.05 0.18  3.35  0.77 2.32 6.23 0.00   0.48 1.25 0.11 0 0 0 4.07  0.25 
 1.77 3.38 0.3  3.35  0.77 2.32 10.16 0.00
  0.32 0.83 0.07 0 0 0 3.11  0.55

   
 2.08 4.18 0.37  3.35  0.77 2.32 12.64 0.00   0.16 0.42 0.04 0 0 0 2.29  1.00 
Mts   2.18 4.45 0.4  3.35  0.77 2.32 13.46 0.00 kip ftVts   0.00
 0 0 0 0 0 1.57  1.57   kip
   
 2.08 4.18 0.37  3.35  0.77 2.32 12.60 0.00   0.16  0.42  0.04 0 0 0 1.00  2.28 
 1.77 3.38 0.3  3.35  0.77 2.32 10.28 0.00   0.32  0.83  0.07 0 0 0 0.57  3.11 
   
 1.25 2.05 0.18  3.35  0.77 2.32 6.33 0.00   0.48  1.25  0.11 0 0 0 0.25  4.07 
 0.53 0.18 0.02  3.35  0.77 2.32 1.96  1.47   0.64  1.66  0.15 0 0 0 0.06  5.16 
   
 0.43  2.22  0.2  3.35  0.77 2.32 0.03  6.82   0.88  2.08  0.19 0 0 0 0.00  6.36 
Pts  ( 0.21 0.00 0.00  2.55  0.72 1.56 0.12  0.07 )  kip
Bottom Slab:
 3.10  2.22  0.2  3.83  0.77 2.82 0.00  6.70   2.48 2.08 0.19 0 0 0 6.25 0.00 
   
0.02  3.83  0.77 2.82 0.69  0.17
 0.23 0.18
  1.99 1.66 0.15 0 0 0 5.00 0.00

 2.00 2.05 0.18  3.83  0.77 2.82 6.15 0.00   1.49 1.25 0.11 0 0 0 3.75 0.00 
 3.59 3.38 0.3  3.83  0.77 2.82 10.16 0.00
  0.99 0.83 0.07 0 0 0 2.50 0.00

   
 4.54 4.18 0.37  3.83  0.77 2.82 12.57 0.00   0.50 0.42 0.04 0 0 0 1.25 0.00 
Mbs   4.86 4.45 0.4  3.83  0.77 2.82 13.37 0.00 kip ftVbs   0.00
 0 0 0 0 0 0.05  0.05   kip
   
 4.54 4.18 0.37  3.83  0.77 2.82 12.57 0.00   0.50  0.42  0.04 0 0 0 0.00  1.25 
 3.59 3.38 0.3  3.83  0.77 2.82 10.16 0.00   0.99  0.83  0.07 0 0 0 0.00  2.50 
   
 2.00 2.05 0.18  3.83  0.77 2.82 6.15 0.00   1.49  1.25  0.11 0 0 0 0.00  3.75 
 0.23 0.18 0.02  3.83  0.77 2.82 0.69  0.17   1.99  1.66  0.15 0 0 0 0.00  5.00 
   
 3.10  2.22  0.2  3.83  0.77 2.82 0.00  6.70   2.48  2.08  0.19 0 0 0 0.00  6.25 
Pbs  (  0.21 0.00 0.00  4.16  0.72 3.24 0.07  0.12 )  kip

Load Combinations:
For Strength II and Service I limit states, three load cases will be considered, corresponding to:
Strength I: N/A
Impact is included in the loading on the structural model and therefore will not be added in the load combinations. The
applicable load modifier is applied to each load case in the combinations above
Strength II Load Combination
 
Str2.c Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2
C1  ηmin γDC.min Intf  γEV.min Intf  γDW.min  Intf  γWA.min Intf  
i j  i 1 i 2 i 3 i 6
 ηmax γEH Intf  γLS  Intf 
 i 4 i 5
C2  ηmax γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γEH  Intf  γLS Intf  γLL Intf  
i j  i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
 ηmin γWA.min Intf
i 6
C3  ηmax γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γWA Intf  γLL Intf  
i j  i 1 i 2 i 3 i 6 i 6 j
 ηmin γEH.min Intf 
 i 4

i i
  
 if j = 1 max C c
T
i j       
 i j i j  i j i j 
Combo

TSstr2c.m  Str2.c Mts 11  WAstr2c.m  Str2.c Mwa 11   BSstr2c.m  Str2.c Mbs 11  


 
Str2 C Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2
Cp  ηmin γDC.min Intf  γEV.min Intf  γDW.min  Intf  γWA.min Intf   if C i j = 1
i j  i 1 i 2 i 3 i 6 
 i 4 i 5
ηmax γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γEH  Intf  γLS Intf  γLL Intf   if C i j = 2
 i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
i 6
ηmax γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γWA Intf  γLL Intf   otherwise
 i 1 i 2 i 3 i 6 i 6 j
 i 4
Cp

 
Sv1.c Intf i 2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i 2

TSsv1c.m  Sv1.c Mts 11  
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5

TSsv1c.v  Sv1.c Vts 11  
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
γsmin
WAsv1c.m  Sv1.c Mwa 11  
C3
i j
 Intf
i 1
 Intf
i 2
 Intf
i 3
 Intf
i 4

γsmax
 Intf
i 6
 Intf
i 6 j 
WAsv1c.v  Sv1.c Vwa 11 
C c  augment C1 C2 C3   BSsv1c.m  Sv1.c Mbs 11
i i
   BSsv1c.v  Sv1.c Vbs 11
 if j = 1 maxCc
T
i j       
 i j i j  i j i j 
Combo
 
Sv1 C Intf i 2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i 2

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5

i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
γsmin
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 γsmax i 6 i 6 j
C

Ms1.ts  Sv1 TSsv1c.m pMts 11  



7.76  26.38  4.29 22.26 7.74  26.33   4.63 16.85 2.17  13.73  4.62 16.82 
   
3.20  19.25 4.04  7.64 0.90  7.15
  4.38  12.30 3.32  4.76 1.56  4.80

 2.90  18.64 15.54  3.20 16.49  3.24   0.15  12.83 10.35  0.64 11.28  0.37 
 6.92  18.06 25.32  1.54 27.83  0.66
  2.66  13.00 16.25 1.33 18.33 2.67

   
 9.05  17.49 31.41  0.54 34.63 0.88   4.20  12.84 19.91 2.51 22.56 4.49 
Mstr2   9.48  16.98 33.44  0.21 36.91 1.41   kip ft Ms1   4.58  12.44 21.13 2.91 23.98 5.11   kip ft
   
 8.33  16.58 31.34  0.54 34.63 0.88   3.90  11.86 19.87 2.51 22.56 4.49 
 5.82  16.29 25.54  1.54 27.83  0.66   2.31  11.14 16.38 1.33 18.33 2.67 
   
 2.09  16.15 15.72  3.20 16.49  3.24   0.09  10.38 10.46  0.64 11.28  0.37 
2.72  16.45 4.08  7.82 0.90  7.15   2.95  9.90 3.33  4.86 1.56  4.80 
   
4.21  22.12  4.29  22.37  7.74  26.33   2.13  13.63  2.17  13.79  4.62  16.82 
 7.689 0.313 15.780 2.655 17.681 4.026  5.210 1.020 9.510 3.150 11.000 4.750 
   
 5.873 0.334 12.679 2.064 14.144 3.221
 3.970 0.655 7.620 2.390 8.800 3.800

 4.217 0.347 9.860 1.551 10.608 2.417  2.840 0.330 5.910 1.590 6.600 2.850 
 2.689 0.331 7.280 0.670 7.058 1.603
 1.800 0.060 4.330 0.670 4.390 1.890

   
 1.270 0.288 4.982  0.960 3.550 0.813  0.840 0.155 2.910  0.380 2.210 0.960 
Vstr2   0.570  0.347 2.835  2.835 0.090  0.090   kip Vs1  0.515  0.210 1.570  1.570 0.050  0.050   kip
   
 0.490  1.479 0.960  4.964  0.813  3.550  0.635 0.970 0.380  2.900  0.960  2.210 
 0.393  2.501  0.634  7.280  1.603  7.058  0.710 1.650  0.650  4.330  1.890  4.390 
   
 0.268  3.377  1.551  9.860  2.417  10.608  0.730 2.230  1.590  5.910  2.850  6.600 
 0.115  4.126  2.064  12.661  3.221  14.144  0.695 2.720  2.390  7.610  3.800  8.800 
   
0.055  4.766  2.655  15.780  4.026  17.681  0.615 3.130  3.150  9.510  4.750  11.000 
+ Axial - Axial + Axial - Axial + Axial - Axial + Axial - Axial + Axial - Axial + Axial - Axial
4.293 15.780 0.055 4.766 0.313 7.689   3.150  9.510 0.615 3.130 1.020  5.210 
   
2.655  15.780  0.055  4.766  0.313  7.689
  3.150  9.510 0.615  3.130 1.020  5.210

2.655  15.780  0.055  4.735  0.313  7.377   3.150  9.510 0.615  3.060 1.020  5.090 
2.655  15.780  0.055  4.735  0.313  7.377
  3.150  9.510 0.615  3.060 1.020  5.090

   
2.655  15.780  0.055  4.735  0.313  7.377   3.150  9.510 0.615  3.060 1.020  5.090 
Pstr2   2.655  15.780  0.055  4.735  0.313  7.377   kip Ps1   3.150  9.510 0.615  3.060 1.020  5.090   kip
   
2.655  15.780  0.055  4.735  0.313  7.377   3.150  9.510 0.615  3.060 1.020  5.090 
2.655  15.780  0.055  4.735  0.313  7.377   3.150  9.510 0.615  3.060 1.020  5.090 
   
2.655  15.780  0.055  4.735  0.313  7.377   3.150  9.510 0.615  3.060 1.020  5.090 
2.655  15.780  0.055  4.766  0.313  7.689   3.150  9.510 0.615  3.130 1.020  5.210 
   
4.293  15.780  0.055  4.766  0.313  7.689   3.150  9.510 0.615  3.130 1.020  5.210 

When haunches are considered and the analysis option to extend critical sections is selected the location for both the
flexural and shear design is extended. The location of the critical section for moment design is located per LRFD
12.11.4.2 is taken at the intersection of the haunch and uniform member when monolithic haunches at 45degrees are
specified. The location of the critical section for shear is located dv from the face of the support per LRFD 5.8.3.2
whereby the face of support is taken at the intersection of the haunch and uniform member. Due to the fact that section
properties are under design, the effective shear depth is therefore estimated using the reinforcing bar diameter input in
the material properties under the culvert properties tab.

Design_Height  Ht  0.5 tbs  tts Design_Height  12.833 ft Design_Span  12.833 ft i  1  10 j  1  11
 tbs 0.5  th 
   13   "BOT" 
   77  "MID +" 
 0.4 Design_Height  61.6   "MID -"  exterior wall
Design_Height   tts 0.5  th     
   141   "TOP"  -------------------
 twa 0.5  th   13   "LT" 
Design_Span   twa 0.5  th   141   "RT" 
      -------------------
 twa 0.5  th   13   "LT" 
   77   "MID" 
Design_Span   t  0.5  t    141   "RT" 
 wa h 
Db
i 2 i  i 
 tbs  0.5  th  dv.assume 

 1 
 0.5 Design_Height 
   20.2   "BOT" 
 Design_Height  t  0.5  t  d   77  "MID +" 
ts h v.assume4  77   "MID -"  exterior wall
  
     

twa 0.5  th  d v.assume
 133.8   "TOP"  -------------------
5  20.2   "LT" 
CS shear   
0.5 Design_Span CS shear     in  
 
 Design_Span  twa 0.5  th  dv.assume    77   "MID"  top slab
  7  133.8   "RT" 
      -------------------

twa 0.5  th  d v.assume
  20.2   "LT" 
8
   77   "MID" 
0.5 Design_Span     bottom slab
  133.8   "RT" 
Design_Span  twa 0.5  th  dv.assume  
  10 

LB  1 UB  1
j j 1 j j 1
LB  j  1 UB  j
LB UB

j j j
 
for t  t1  t2
t
t
CSt  L trace
l
t
Per t 
L trace  Ltrace
h l
t t
t h h l l
 t t  t
Intforce



   
Ps1.all  stack Ps1.wall submatrix Ps1.ts 5 7 3 4 submatrix Ps1.bs 8 10 5 6 

Critical Sections Design Strength Moments, Shears and Axial Forces under Strength II:
 
Msr Mst  for g  1  10  
Psr Pst  for g  1  10

1 otherwise
1 otherwise
Pstr  Pst
Mstr  Mst
g 
g  Case
g 
g 
g  Case
g 
Pstr  1
Mstr
 
Vsr Vsr  for g  1  10
Vstr  max  Vsr  Vsr 
g  g 1 g 2 
Vstr

Mstr2  Msr Mstr2.all  Vstr2  Vsr Vstr2.all   
N str2  Psr Pstr2.all 
20.36   5.36  15.78   "BOT" 
       
 9.48   0.57   2.65  "MID +" 
17.49   0.57  15.78   "MID -"  exterior wall
       
17.34   3.89  15.78   "TOP"  -------------------
  9.92  11.80   4.77   "LT" 
Mstr2     kip ft Vstr2     kip N str2     kip  
 33.44   2.84   0.06   "MID"  top slab
10.09  11.79   4.77   "RT" 
        -------------------
10.14  13.04   7.69   "LT" 
 36.91   0.09   0.31   "MID" 
        bottom slab
10.14  13.04   7.69   "RT" 

Ms1  Msr Ms1.all  Vs1  Vsr Vs1.all   
N s1  Psr Ps1.all 
 13.00  3.62   9.51   "BOT" 
       
 4.58  0.51   3.15  "MID +" 
 12.84  0.51   9.51   "MID -"  exterior wall
       
 10.48  2.57   9.51   "TOP"  -------------------
 6.16  7.09   3.13   "LT" 
 21.13  1.57  0.62   "MID"  top slab
 6.25  7.08   3.13   "RT" 
        -------------------
 6.67  8.11   5.21   "LT" 
 23.98  0.05  1.02   "MID"  bottom slab
       
 6.67  8.11   5.21   "RT" 
Md.wa  Mwa
j j 1
 γDC  Mwa
j 2
 γEV  Mwa
j 3
 γDW  Mwa
j 4
 γEH 
Md.ts  Mts
j j 1
 γDC  Mts
j 2
 γEV  Mts
j 3
 γDW  Mts
j 4
 γEH 
Md.bs  Mbs
j j 1
 γDC  Mbs
j 2
 γEV  Mbs
j 3
 γDW  Mbs
j 4
 γEH 
 
Md  stack Mp.wallsubmatrix Mp.ts 5 7 1 1 submatrix Mp.bs 8 10 1 1   

 6.665   "BOT" 
   
 4.361  "MID +" 
 4.01   "MID -"  exterior wall
   
 4.852   "TOP"  -------------------
 4.321   "LT" 
Md     kip ft  
 4.587   "MID"  top slab
 4.321   "RT" 
    -------------------
 6.291   "LT" 
 7.289   "MID" 
 6.291   "RT" 
1.5
 wc  fc'
 kcf  ksi

e min  max 1 in 0.1 hi 
i
 Mstr2 
i
i  i Nstr2 
 i 
T
 Mstr2 Mstr2 
i i
 i i 
T
Mstr2  (  20.363 9.48  17.487  17.337  9.919 33.439  10.088  10.141 36.907  10.141 )  kip ft
 k Ht 
 r 
q  1  4
Md
q
β d  T
q Mstr2 β d  ( 0.327 0.46 0.229 0.28 )
q
3
twa  b Ec Ig
C m  1 Ig  ϕk  0.75 EIq  (LRFD 5.7.4.3-2)
12 2.5 1  βd 
  q

2
π  EIq
Pc  T
Pc  ( 153.723 139.752 165.978 159.423 )  kip
 k Ht
q 2
 Cm 
δq  min1.0   T
   Nstr2   (LRFD 4.5.3.2.2) δ  (1 1 1 1 )
 1   q 

   ϕk Pc  
   q  
Mstr2  δq  Mstr2
6   "BOT"  9 
     
6  "MID +"  15 
     
6   "TOP"  ------------------- 9 
6   "LT"   9  in
Bar NO      spacing   
8   "MID"  top slab  8  ft
6   "RT"  9 
    -------------------  
6   "LT"  9 
     
6   "RT"  9 
i  i Bar A  ( 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.79 0.44 0.44 0.6 0.44 )  in

i  i Bar D  ( 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 1 0.75 0.75 0.875 0.75 )  in
Bar D
i T
d s  h i  coveri  d s  ( 7.63 7.63 7.63 7.63 7.63 7.50 7.63 7.63 7.56 7.63 )  in
i 2
BarD
  i T
i 2
  fc'  4 ksi   
  ksi 
Mstr2
i T
R n  R n  ( 0.35 0.163 0.301 0.298 0.171 0.594 0.174 0.174 0.645 0.174 )  ksi
i 2
ϕf  b d s 
  i

fc'  2 Rn 
i  T
ρreq  0.85  1  1  ρreq  ( 0.0061 0.0028 0.0052 0.0052 0.0029 0.0107 0.003 0.003 0.0117 0.003 )
i fy 0.85 fc' 
 
T 2
i i i
 BarA 
sp req  
i  T
sp req  ( 9.46 20.818 11.088 11.189 19.879 9.827 19.539 19.434 6.766 19.434 )
i  As_req 
 i
T
csp  if spreq  spacingi "OK" "NG"  csp  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
i  i 

i
while Ma  Mstr2
i
2 2
As_req2  As_req2  0.002 in if As_req2  0.75in
2
As_req2  fy
c
0.85 fc' β1 b
 β 1 c 
Mn2  As_req2  fy d s.assume  
 i 2 
 
Po2  0.85 fc' b h i  As_req  As_req2 fy

i
 hi   hi 
Mtc2  0.31875  fc' b β 1  ds.assume    0.1875 β 1 d s.assume   As_req2 fy ds.assume  
i 2 i  i 2
0.003  Es ds.assume 
ab  β 1
 i
 0.003  Es  fy
 hi 
 
Mcc  0.85 fc' b a b hi  ab  0.5  As_req2 fy ds.assume  
 i 2
 i
Mn.all 
 o2 cc 
 Mtc2  Mcc 
 
 Mtc2  Mn2 
  0.568 
 
Mcc if Nstr2 = Pcc 0.274 
i
0.486 
Mtc2 otherwise  
0.482 
ϕ 0.75 if Nstr2  Pcc 0.276  2
i
0.90 if Nstr2  Ptc2 1.083 
i  0.28 
 ( 0.75  0.90)   M  
0.90     n.all  Mtc2 otherwise 0.282 
  Mcc  Mtc2  1.206 
Ma  ϕ Mn.all  
0.282 
As_req2

Bar A
i T 2
As  As  ( 0.59 0.35 0.59 0.59 0.59 1.19 0.59 0.59 1.2 0.59 )  in
i spacingi
As  fy
i
ci  T
0.85 fc' β1 b c  ( 0.86 0.52 0.86 0.86 0.86 1.74 0.86 0.86 1.76 0.86 )  in
 ds  ci 
 i 
εt  0.003  
i
 ci 
 T

εt  0.024 0.041 0.024 0.024 0.024 9.911  10
3
0.024 0.024 9.856  10
3
0.02
 ci 
i  ds 
 i 
T
a i  β 1  ci T
a  ( 0.69 0.41 0.69 0.69 0.69 1.39 0.69 0.69 1.41 0.69 )  in
 ai 
Mn  As  fy ds   T
i i  i 2 Mn  ( 21.35 13.06 21.35 21.35 21.35 40.31 21.35 21.35 41.14 21.35 )  kip ft
T
Mr  ϕf  Mn Mr  ( 21.35 13.06 21.35 21.35 21.35 40.31 21.35 21.35 41.14 21.35 )  kip ft
i i

T
Po  0.85 fc' b  hi  As   As  fy Po  ( 542.7 529.6 542.7 542.7 542.7 576.1 542.7 542.7 576.9 542.7 )  kip
i  i i

 hi   hi 
i i i i i 2 i i  i 2
T
Ptc  ( 81.46 95.54 81.46 81.46 81.46 43.65 81.46 81.46 43.71 81.46 )  kip
T
Mtc  ( 45.19 42.11 45.19 45.19 45.19 51.867 45.19 45.19 52.648 45.19 )  kip ft
0.003  Es ds 
 i  hi 
a b  β 1  Pcc  0.85 fc' b a b  As  fy Mcc  0.85 fc' b a b  h i  a b   0.5  As  fy d s  
i  0.003  Es  fy i i i i i  i i  i 2
T
Pcc  ( 148.92 163 148.92 148.92 148.92 110 148.92 148.92 110.61 148.92 )  kip
T
Mcc  ( 56.72 53.64 56.72 56.72 56.72 63.48 56.72 56.72 64.22 56.72 )  kip ft

Pdia  0 kip Ptc Pcc Po 
i  i i i Mdia  Mn Mtc Mcc 0 kip ft 
i  i i i 

 i i

 i i 400
 Mtc  Mn 
 i i
 i 
i i i
Mtc otherwise
i
i i
0
0 20 40 60
i i
0.90  
 ( 0.75  0.90)   M
 
T
ϕ  ( 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 )
i i Ma  ( 23.37 12.48 23.37 23.37 20.47 36.29 20.47 21.24 37.1 21.24 )  kip ft

fc'
ksi

b hi  3
Ig 
i 12
yi 
Neutral Axis 2
Ig
i
i yi
i i 1.2Mcr  ( 16.55 16.55 16.55 16.55 16.55 16.55 16.55 16.55 16.55 16.55 )  kip ft
i  i  i i 
T
c3.3.2  ( "OK" "NG" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
 As 
 i 
c4.3.2  if   0.001 "OK" "NG"  (LRFD 12.11.4.3.2)
i
 b hi 
T


700  γe dc
β s fss 
0.7 h  dc 
0.75 otherwise
 dc  As Es

β s  1 
i  ρi 
i
n  (LRFD 5.7.1) n  6.765
i  0.7hi  dc   b ds Ec
  i  i
Ms1.abs  Ms1
 Ms1.abs 
hi   
ei 1
e i  max  1.15 ds 
i
 ds  j i  min0.9 0.74  0.1   i 12.11.3 
 Ns1 i 2 i   ds  i  ds 
 i    i   i
1  j i e 
 i 
 hi 
Ms1.abs  N s1  d s   700 in γe
fss 
i i  i 2
(LRFD C.12.11.3) smax1   2  dc
i i i i
βs 
i ksi
T
fss  ( 28.753 17.226 28.277 21.231 15.06 8.51 15.34 14.407 9.429 14.407 )  ksi
T
smax1  ( 12.1 23.37 12.38 18.07 27.42 50.72 26.83 28.88 45.96 28.88 )  in
smax2  min 1.5 h i 18in   (LRFD 5.10.3.2)

i
T
smax  minsmax1 smax2  smax  ( 12.1 15 12.4 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 )  in
i  i i

i  i 
T

Rigorous Method
h
in
As 2 Ms1.abs
in kip in

in kip
Steel Centroid to
d c.r  dc
tension fiber
Guess x  3
Given
   h r 
 2   hr  As.r   h r  As.r
3 i  i  i i  i
Pr  d r  x  3 Mr  Pr  d r    3  Pr  d r x  6  n  Mr  Pr  dr     x  6  n Mr  Pr  d r    =0
i i   i i i 2  i i  i i i 2  br dr  i i i 2  br dr
i i
T
x  ( 0.307 0.246 0.307 0.321 0.289 0.34 0.289 0.311 0.34 0.311 in
)
  h r 
i 
2 ksiMr  Pr  dr  
xi  i i i 2  1 
j i  1  fc  fss  fc  n   1
3 i br xi d r  j i dr i i
 xi 
i i
T
fc  ( 1.886 0.804 1.862 1.506 0.901 2.477 0.915 0.965 2.759 0.965 )  ksi
 d c.r  700 in γe


β s.r  1 
i  smax.r   2  dc.r (LRFD 5.7.3.4)
i  0.7hr  in  dc.r   i fss i
  i i 
β s.r 
i
i ksi
fss  ( 28.86 16.71 28.4 21.53 14.98 32.51 15.25 14.5 36.29 14.5 )  ksi
smax.r  ( 12.03 24.24 12.31 17.75 27.59 9.59 27.01 28.66 8.33 28.66 )  in
by 1-2% typically.
i  i 
i
i  i 
T

Spacing From
ET Culvert
4  12  "C1-Bottom Slab" 
     
T
Bar D.ts  BarDB BarNO.ts  Bar D.ts  ( 0.5 0.5 0.5 )  in
ii  ii
T 2
Bar A.ts  BarASBar NO.ts  Bar A.ts  ( 0.2 0.2 0.2 )  in
ii  ii
BarA.ts 2
ii T in
As.ts  As.ts  ( 0.2 0.2 0.2 ) 
ii spacingts ft
ii
1.3 b hts
ii
As.ts.req 
ii b  hts  (LRFD 5.10.8)
fy
2
 ii

in ksi

h ts  max tts tbs twa  As.ts.req  0.001  h ts b As.ts.req  0.12 in
2
 ii ii 
  T
check5.10.8_1  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" )
check5.10.8_2  if 0.11in   1 ft  As.ts  0.60in "OK" "NG" 

2 2  T
check5.10.8_2  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" )
ii  ii 
ii
  T
smax.ts  ( 18 18 18 )  in (LRFD 5.10.8)
ii
  T
smax.ts2  ( 15 15 15 )  in (LRFD 5.10.3.2)
checkmax.ts  if spacingts  minsmax.ts smax.ts2  "OK" "NG"  T

ii  ii  ii ii  checkmax.ts  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" )

4  12   "C100-Top Slab" 
iii  1  2
4  12  "C200-Bottom Slab" 
 iii iii Bar D.ds  ( 0.5 0.5 )  in

iii  iii Bar A.ds  ( 0.2 0.2 )  in
BarA.ds 2
iii T in
As.ds  As.ds  ( 0.2 0.2 ) 
iii spacingds ft
iii

depth of fill over the slab exceeds 2ft. If the fill depth exceeds 2ft Eriksson Culvert determines the appropriate steel based on
temperature and shrinkage.
 1 
 
As.req As  min 0.50  As if H s  2 ft
(LRFD 5.14.4.1)
 
 ft 

1 2
As.dis.top  As.reqAs   ft in
6   As.dis.top  0.12
ft
1 2
As.dis.bot  As.reqAs   ft in
9   As.dis.bot  0.12
ft
 1 
 2 
Per LRFD (5.14.5.3), the provisions of (5.8) apply to fill depths less than 2ft. for the both the sidewalls and slabs
however the equation from LRFD 5.14.5.3 apply to the slabs of the culvert under 2'-0" or more of fill. The use of
equation 5.14.5.3 involve an interaction between the applied shear and moment at the critical section for shear. The
default method employed in the program is to calculate the shear capacity based on the max moment and max
shear taken at there respective critical sections. However 5.14.5.3 specifies that the factored moment shall be
taken simultaneously with factored shear at the section considered. Therefore the factored moment occurring
concurrently at the critical shear section can be used if you unselect to use the max moment with max shear in the
analysis options dialog box
Shear Strength Parameters for members under 16" in depth without a minimum amount of transverse steel
β  2.0 θ  45deg LRFD 5.8.3.4.1
Effective Shear Depth
 a i
d v  max  0.9ds
i 
  i 0.72 hi dsi  2  (LRFD 5.8.2.9)
T
d v  ( 7.28 7.42 7.28 7.28 7.28 7.2 7.28 7.28 7.2 7.28 )  in
We have selected to not use the max moment with max shear therefore the factored moment occurring at the critical shear
section must be interpolated form the tenth points.

Mstr2.wall  Intforce CS shear Lwa Mstr2.ALL 1 2 1 4 

Mstr2.ts  Intforce CSshear L ts Mstr2.ALL 3 4 5 7 
Mstr2.bs  Intforce  CS shear Lbs Mstr2.ALL 5 6 8 10
Mstr2.Vu  Msr Mstr2.all
T
Mstr2.Vu  (  19.061 9.48  16.98  16.359  6.256 33.439  6.381  5.931 36.907  5.931 )  kip ft

Eriksson Culvert doesn't consider the effects of axial compression in capacity of the sections in shear per
C5.14.5.3
  fc' 
Vc  Vc  min0.25 fc' b  dv 0.0316ksi β    b d v  if i  4
otherwise
 Vstr2  ds 
Ratioi  min 1.0
i i
 Mstr2.Vu 
 i  (LRFD 5.8.3.3 and LRFD 5.14.5.3-1)
 fc' As 

Vc  0.0676ksi  4.6ksi 
i
 Ratioi  b d s
 ksi b ds  i
 i 
fc'
Vc.max  0.126 ksi  b d s
ksi i
fc'
Vc.min  0.0948ksi   b ds
ksi i
 
Vc  max Vc.min min Vc Vc.max 
T
Vc  ( 12.346 12.58 12.346 12.346 19.396 19.078 19.396 19.396 19.237 19.396 )  kip
Vr  Vc  ϕv
i i
T
Vr  ( 11.11 11.32 11.11 11.11 17.46 17.17 17.46 17.46 17.31 17.46 )  kip


Epoxy coated Bar Modep  if spacing  ft  3  Bar D 1.5 if clear  6  BarD 1.5 1.2 Modep  1.2
4 4
 4 4  
provided As
4
4 4
  4 

 1.25in BarA  fy fy 
4
Ldp  Modep Modas  Mods max  0.4 BarD   Ldp  14.194 in
4 ksi
 fc' 
 kip ksi 
 

Ld  max Ldp 12in  Ld  14.194 in
Exlength  max Ld 12 BarD 0.0625 Clear_Span d s  (LRFD 5.11.2.3) Exlength  14.194 in
 4 4


5.15 Load Rating
5.15.1 CT-P204 Design Vehicle Load Rating

interpolated


Mrat.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts Mts 1 8 5 7  Vrat.ts  Intforce CSshear L ts Vts 1 8 5 7 
Mrat.bs  Intforce  CS moment L bs Mbs 1 8 8 10 Vrat.bs  Intforce CS shear Lbs Vbs 1 8 8 10
Mrat.all  stack Mrat.wasubmatrix Mrat.ts 5 7 1 8  submatrix Mrat.bs 8 10 1 8  
Vrat.all  stack Vrat.wasubmatrix Vrat.ts 5 7 1 8  submatrix Vrat.bs 8 10 1 8  

 
RF C Intf γLL  for i  1  10


T


 
i
T
 i 8 i 7 

i
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF1 
i γLL LLmod
i
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF2 
 i i 5
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF3 
i γLL Intf
i 5
RFtot  augment RF1 RF2 RF3  

i
 T 
i   
RFmin

ORmoment  RF Cmoment Mrat.all γLL  T
ORmoment  ( 1.33 2.2 1.53 1.49 2.95 1.13 2.86 4.13 1.02 4.13 )

ORshear  RFs C shear Vrat.all γLL  T
ORshear  ( 5.91 50.62 85.93 8.62 1.64 6.04 1.65 1.52 99 1.52 )
The design load results above show that the strength is sufficient under the live load requirements of the permit vehicle.
Now an investigation of the live load carrying capacity of the design HL-93 vehicle will be investigated. The investigation is
carried out by altering the mode of the program into analysis and entering the appropriate design vehicle. The details of the
analysis of the strength and demand requirements are not shown for redundancy and sake of space and only the final load
ratings are shown below.
HL-93 Design Vehicle Analysis
N Lanes  4
T T
qq  1  n axle.Truck
T
qqq  1  naxle.Tandem
Truck: 0.301 1.205 1.205 
 

WTruck  Waxle Paxle.Truck SPaxle.Truck n axle.Truck N Lanes  WTruck  
0.31 1.239 1.239 
 ksf
0.221 0.884 0.884 
Tandem:  
 0.17 0.679 0.679 

Wtandem  Waxle Paxle.Tandem SPaxle.Tandem n axle.Tandem N Lanes  0.942

0.942 

0.968 0.968 
Wtandem    ksf
Lane Loading: 0.691 0.691 
Not appliacle for box culverts under all spans
 
 0.53 0.53 


Load Min. Max j  1  11
DC 0.90 1.25 1.0 -
γLL  1.75
DW 0.65 1.50 1.0 -
γLS  1.75
EV 0.90 1.30 1.0 -
EH 0.90 1.35 1.0 -
LL 1.75 1.75 1.0 0.75
LS 1.75 1.75 1.0 -
WA 0.00 1.00 1.0 -

Exterior Wall:
 3.10 2.22  0.2 3.83  0.77 2.82 0.00  4.03  0.21 0 0 4.16 0.72  3.24 0.14  0.14 
   
 2.22  0.2  4.07  2.33 0.14  0.14
 2.83 0.81 0.06  0.75 0.00
 0.21 0 0 3.07 0.57

 2.56  2.22  0.2 4.12 0.71  3.22 0.00  4.11  0.21 0 0 2.08 0.43  1.51 0.14  0.14 
 2.30  2.22  0.2 6.21 1.17  4.70 0.00  4.20
 0.21 0 0 1.18 0.29  0.79 0.14  0.14

   
 2.03  2.22  0.2 7.21 1.44  5.31 0.00  4.34  0.21 0 0 0.37 0.14  0.17 0.14  0.14 
Mwa   1.76  2.22  0.2 7.22 1.54  5.19 0.00  4.50 kip ftVwa  0.21
 0 0  0.35 0 0.36 0.14  0.14   kip
   
 1.50  2.22  0.2 6.38 1.44  4.45 0.00  4.67  0.21 0 0  0.97  0.14 0.79 0.14  0.14 
 1.23  2.22  0.2 4.79 1.17  3.21 0.00  4.84  0.21 0 0  1.50  0.29 1.13 0.14  0.14 
   
 0.96  2.22  0.2 2.58 0.71  1.61 0.00  5.01  0.21 0 0  1.94  0.43 1.37 0.14  0.14 
 0.70  2.22  0.2  0.14 0.06 0.24 0.00  5.19  0.21 0 0  2.29  0.57 1.51 0.14  0.14 
   
 0.43  2.22  0.2  3.25  0.77 2.22 0.04  5.36  0.21 0 0  2.55  0.72 1.56 0.14  0.14 
Top Slab: Pwa  (  0.88  2.08  0.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  5.07 )  kip
 0.43  2.22  0.2  3.35  0.77 2.32 0.04  5.36   0.88 2.08 0.19 0 0 0 5.07 0.00 
   
0.18 0.02  3.35  0.77 2.32 2.28  1.29 1.66 0.15 0 0 0 4.34  0.07
 0.53   0.64 
 1.25 2.05 0.18  3.35  0.77 2.32 5.38 0.00   0.48 1.25 0.11 0 0 0 3.59  0.29 
 1.77 3.38 0.3  3.35  0.77 2.32 8.28 0.00
  0.32 0.83 0.07 0 0 0 2.84  0.67

   
 2.08 4.18 0.37  3.35  0.77 2.32 10.00 0.00   0.16 0.42 0.04 0 0 0 2.11  1.13 
Mts   2.18 4.45 0.4  3.35  0.77 2.32 10.52 0.00 kip ftVts   0.00
 0 0 0 0 0 1.60  1.60   kip
   
 2.08 4.18 0.37  3.35  0.77 2.32 10.00 0.00   0.16  0.42  0.04 0 0 0 1.13  2.11 
 1.77 3.38 0.3  3.35  0.77 2.32 8.28 0.00   0.32  0.83  0.07 0 0 0 0.67  2.84 
   
 1.25 2.05 0.18  3.35  0.77 2.32 5.38 0.00   0.48  1.25  0.11 0 0 0 0.29  3.59 
 0.53 0.18 0.02  3.35  0.77 2.32 2.28  1.28   0.64  1.66  0.15 0 0 0 0.07  4.33 
   
 0.43  2.22  0.2  3.35  0.77 2.32 0.04  5.34   0.88  2.08  0.19 0 0 0 0.00  5.07 
Pts  ( 0.20 0.00 0.00  2.41  0.72 1.56 0.14  0.14 )  kip

Bottom Slab:
 3.10  2.22  0.2  3.83  0.77 2.82 0.00  4.03   2.48 2.08 0.19 0 0 0 3.63 0.00 
   
0.02  3.83  0.77 2.82 0.68  0.21
 0.23 0.18
  1.99 1.66 0.15 0 0 0 2.91 0.00

 2.00 2.05 0.18  3.83  0.77 2.82 3.88 0.00   1.49 1.25 0.11 0 0 0 2.19 0.00 
 3.59 3.38 0.3  3.83  0.77 2.82 6.16 0.00
  0.99 0.83 0.07 0 0 0 1.48 0.00

   
 4.54 4.18 0.37  3.83  0.77 2.82 7.52 0.00   0.50 0.42 0.04 0 0 0 0.76 0.00 
Mbs   4.86 4.45 0.4  3.83  0.77 2.82 7.98 0.00 kip ftVbs   0.00
 0 0 0 0 0 0.05  0.05   kip
   
 4.54 4.18 0.37  3.83  0.77 2.82 7.52 0.00   0.50  0.42  0.04 0 0 0 0.00  0.76 
 3.59 3.38 0.3  3.83  0.77 2.82 6.16 0.00   0.99  0.83  0.07 0 0 0 0.00  1.48 
   
 2.00 2.05 0.18  3.83  0.77 2.82 3.88 0.00   1.49  1.25  0.11 0 0 0 0.00  2.19 
 0.23 0.18 0.02  3.83  0.77 2.82 0.68  0.21   1.99  1.66  0.15 0 0 0 0.00  2.91 
   
 3.10  2.22  0.2  3.83  0.77 2.82 0.00  4.03   2.48  2.08  0.19 0 0 0 0.00  3.63 
Pbs  (  0.21 0.00 0.00  4.16  0.72 3.24 0.15  0.14 )  kip

Load Combinations:
Strength II: N/A

 
Str1.c Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2
C1  ηmin γDC.min Intf  γEV.min Intf  γDW.min  Intf  γWA.min Intf  
i j  i 1 i 2 i 3 i 6
 i 4 i 5
C2  ηmax γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γEH  Intf  γLS Intf  γLL Intf  
i j  i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
i 6
C3  ηmax γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γWA Intf  γLL Intf  
i j  i 1 i 2 i 3 i 6 i 6 j
 i 4
Cc  augment C 1 C 2 C 3  

i i
  
 if j = 1 max C c
T
i j       
 i j i j  i j i j 
Combo

TSstr1c.m  Str1.c Mts 11  WAstr1c.m  Str1.c Mwa 11   BSstr1c.m  Str1.c Mbs 11  

 
Str1 C Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2
Cp  ηmin γDC.min Intf  γEV.min Intf  γDW.min  Intf  γWA.min Intf   if C i j = 1
i j  i 1 i 2 i 3 i 6
 i 4 i 5
ηmax γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γEH  Intf  γLS Intf  γLL Intf   if C i j = 2
 i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
i 6
ηmax γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γWA Intf  γLL Intf   otherwise
 i 1 i 2 i 3 i 6 i 6 j
 i 4
Cp


 
Sv1.c Intf i 2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i 2

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
γsmin
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 γsmax i 6 i 6 j

i i
  
 if j = 1 maxCc
T
i j       
 i j i j  i j i j 
Combo
TSsv1c.m  Sv1.c Mts 11   WAsv1c.m  Sv1.c Mwa 11   BSsv1c.m  Sv1.c Mbs 11  

TSsv1c.v  Sv1.c Vts 11  WAsv1c.v  Sv1.c Vwa 11   BSsv1c.v  Sv1.c Vbs 11  
 
Sv1 C Intf i 2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i 2
Cp  ηmin γDC.min Intf  γEV.min  Intf  γDW.min Intf  γWA.min Intf   if Ci j = 1
i j  i 1 i 2 i 3 i 6
 ηmax  γEH  Intf  γLS Intf 
 i 4 i 5
ηmax  γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γEH Intf  γLS  Intf  γLL Intf   if Ci j = 2
 i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
i 6
ηmax  γDC Intf  γEV Intf  γDW Intf  γWA Intf  γLL Intf   otherwise
 i 1 i 2 i 3 i 6 i 6 j
 i 4
Cp



7.736  21.663  4.272  19.922  7.736  21.663   7.736  21.663  4.272  19.922  7.736  21.663 
   
3.194  14.632 4.727  7.561 0.903  7.254
  3.194  14.632 4.727  7.561 0.903  7.254

 2.924  14.107 14.173  3.224 12.514  3.261   2.924  14.107 14.173  3.224 12.514  3.261 
 6.954  13.694 22.188  1.564 20.795  0.684
  6.954  13.694 22.188  1.564 20.795  0.684

   
 9.1  13.38 26.958  0.569 25.743 0.859   9.1  13.38 26.958  0.569 25.743 0.859 
Mstr1   9.529  13.185 28.461  0.233 27.424 1.384  kip ftMs1   9.529
  13.185 28.461  0.233 27.424 1.384  
   
 8.377  13.099 26.958  0.569 25.743 0.859   8.377  13.099 26.958  0.569 25.743 0.859 
 5.859  13.118 22.188  1.564 20.795  0.684   5.859  13.118 22.188  1.564 20.795  0.684 
   
 2.112  13.29 14.173  3.224 12.514  3.261   2.112  13.29 14.173  3.224 12.514  3.261 
2.715  13.889 4.727  7.543 0.903  7.254   4.132  13.889 4.727  7.543 0.903  7.254 
   
4.291  19.78  4.272  19.885  7.736  21.663   4.291  19.78  4.272  19.885  7.736  21.663 
 7.753 0.182 13.61 2.655 13.064 4.026   7.753 0.182 13.61 2.655 13.064 4.026 
   
 5.932 0.203 11.317 2.064 10.461 3.221
  5.932 0.203 11.317 3.214 10.461 3.221

 4.271 0.216 9.106 1.551 7.859 2.417   4.271 0.216 9.106 1.977 7.859 2.417 
 2.738 0.2 6.882 0.432 5.262 1.603
  2.738 0.2 6.882 0.432 5.262 1.603

   
 1.315 0.157 4.723  1.23 2.689 0.813   1.315 0.157 4.723  1.23 2.689 0.813 
Vstr1   0.611  0.478 2.94  2.94 0.092  0.092   kip Vs1   0.611  0.478 2.94  2.94 0.092  0.092   ki
   
 0.531  1.614 1.23  4.723  0.813  2.689   0.531  1.614 1.23  4.723  0.813  2.689 
 0.434  2.641  0.432  6.882  1.603  5.262   0.434  2.641  0.432  6.882  1.603  5.262 
   
 0.309  3.522  1.551  9.106  2.417  7.859   0.309  3.522  1.977  9.106  2.417  7.859 
 0.156  4.275  2.064  11.299  3.221  10.461   0.156  4.275  3.214  11.299  3.221  10.461 
   
0.015  4.919  2.655  13.61  4.026  13.064   0.015  4.919  2.655  13.61  4.026  13.064 

4.293  13.61 0.092  4.734  0.164  7.753   4.293  13.61 0.092 4.734 0.164 7.753 
   
2.655  13.61 0.092  4.734  0.164  7.753
  2.655  13.61 0.092  4.734  0.164  7.753

2.655  13.61 0.092  4.568  0.164  7.4   2.655  13.61 0.092  4.568  0.164  7.4 
2.655  13.61 0.092  4.568  0.164  7.4
  2.655  13.61 0.092  4.568  0.164  7.4

   
2.655  13.61 0.092  4.568  0.164  7.4   2.655  13.61 0.092  4.568  0.164  7.4 
Pstr1   2.655  13.61 0.092  4.568  0.164  7.4   kip Ps1   2.655  13.61 0.092  4.568  0.164  7.4   kip
   
2.655  13.61 0.092  4.568  0.164  7.4   2.655  13.61 0.092  4.568  0.164  7.4 
2.655  13.61 0.092  4.568  0.164  7.4   2.655  13.61 0.092  4.568  0.164  7.4 
   
2.655  13.61 0.092  4.568  0.164  7.4   2.655  13.61 0.092  4.568  0.164  7.4 
2.655  13.61 0.092  4.734  0.164  7.753   4.293  13.61 0.092  4.734  0.164  7.753 
   
4.293  13.61 0.092  4.734  0.164  7.753   4.293  13.61 0.092  4.734  0.164  7.753 



Ps1.all  stack Ps1.wall submatrix Ps1.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix Ps1.bs 8 10 5 6  
 
Msr1 Mst  for g  1  10  
Psr1 Pst  for g  1  10

1 otherwise
1 otherwise
Pstr  Pst
Mstr  Mst
g 
g  Case
g 
g 
g  Case
g 
Pstr  1
Mstr
 
Vsr1 Vsr  for g  1  10
g  g 1 g 2 
Vstr


Mstr1  Msr1 Mstr1.all  
Vstr1  Vsr1 Vstr1.all  
 5.41   13.61   "BOT" 
15.73       
   0.61   2.655  "MID +" 
 9.53   0.61   13.61   "MID -" 
13.38  exterior wall
     
   4.04   13.61   "TOP" 
14.81  -------------------
10.63   4.734   "LT" 
  9.49  Vstr1     kip N str1     kip  
Mstr1     kip ft  2.94   0.092   "MID"  top slab
 28.46  10.62   4.734   "RT" 
 9.47        -------------------
   9.65   7.753   "LT" 
  9.50   0.09   0.164   "MID" 
 27.42        bottom slab
   9.65   7.753   "RT" 
 9.50 

Ms1  Msr1 Ms1.all  Vs1  Vsr1 Vs1.all  
 15.727   5.414   13.61   "BOT" 
       
 9.529   0.611   2.655  "MID +" 
 13.38   0.611   13.61   "MID -"  exterior wall
       
 14.807   4.04   13.61   "TOP"  -------------------
 9.487  10.628   4.734   "LT" 
 28.461   2.94  0.092   "MID"  top slab
 9.466  10.615   4.734   "RT" 
        -------------------
  9.5   9.65   7.753   "LT" 
 27.424   0.092   0.164   "MID"  bottom slab
       
  9.5   9.65   7.753   "RT" 
Md.wa  Mwa
j j 1
 γDC  Mwa
j 2
 γEV  Mwa
j 3
 γDW  Mwa
j 4
 γEH 
Md.ts  Mts
j j 1
 γDC  Mts
j 2
 γEV  Mts
j 3
 γDW  Mts
j 4
 γEH 
Md.bs  Mbs
j j 1
 γDC  Mbs
j 2
 γEV  Mbs
j 3
 γDW  Mbs
j 4
 γEH 
 
Md  stack Mp.wallsubmatrix Mp.ts 5 7 1 1 submatrix Mp.bs 8 10 1 1  

 6.659   "BOT" 
   
 4.361  "MID +" 
 4.01   "MID -"  exterior wall
   
 4.852   "TOP"  -------------------
 4.321   "LT" 
Md     kip ft  
 4.587   "MID"  top slab
 4.321   "RT" 
    -------------------
 6.291   "LT" 
 7.289   "MID" 
 6.291   "RT" 
1.5
 wc  fc'
 kcf  ksi

e min  max 1 in 0.1 hi 
i
 Mstr1 
i
i  i Nstr1 
 i 
T
 Mstr1 Mstr1 
i i
 i i 
T
Mstr1  (  15.727 9.529  13.38  14.807  9.487 28.461  9.466  9.5 27.424  9.5 )  kip ft
 k Ht 
 r 
q  1  4
Md
q
β d  T
q Mstr1 β d  ( 0.423 0.458 0.3 0.328 )
q
3
twa  b Ec Ig
C m  1 Ig  ϕk  0.75 EIq  (LRFD 5.7.4.3-2)
12 2.5 1  βd 
  q

2
π  EIq
Pc  T
Pc  ( 143.346 139.976 156.988 153.682 )  kip
 k Ht
q 2
 Cm 
δq  min1.0   T
   Nstr1   (LRFD 4.5.3.2.2) δ  (1 1 1 1 )
 1   q 

   ϕk Pc  
   q  
Mstr1  δq  Mstr1
Mstr1
i T
R n  R n  ( 0.271 0.164 0.23 0.255 0.163 0.506 0.163 0.163 0.48 0.163 )  ksi
i 2
ϕf  b d s 
  i

fc'  2 Rn 
i  T
ρreq  0.85  1  1  ρreq  ( 0.0047 0.0028 0.0039 0.0044 0.0028 0.009 0.0028 0.0028 0.0085 0.0028 )
i fy 0.85 fc' 
 
T 2
i i i
 BarA 
sp req  
i  T
sp req  ( 12.378 20.71 14.626 13.175 20.802 11.697 20.85 20.774 9.331 20.774
i  As_req 
 i
T
i  i 

i
Ma  ϕ Mn.all
while Ma  Mstr1
i
2 2
2
As_req2  fy
c
0.85 fc' β1 b
 β1 c 
Mn2  As_req2  fy d s  
 i 2 

i
 hi   hi 
i 2 i  i 2
0.003  Es ds 
ab  β 1
 i
 0.003  Es  fy
 hi 
 
 i 2
 i
Mn.all 
 o2 cc 
 Mtc2  Mcc 
 
 Mtc2  Mn2 
  0.427 
 
Mcc if Nstr1 = Pcc 0.255 
i
0.361 
Mtc2 otherwise  
0.401 
ϕ 0.75 if Nstr1  Pcc 0.254  2
i
0.90 if Nstr1  Ptc2  0.81 
i 0.253 
 ( 0.75  0.90)   M  
0.90     n.all  Mtc2 otherwise 0.254 
  Mcc  Mtc2  0.772 
Ma  ϕ Mn.all  
0.254 
As_req2

Bar A
i T 2
As  As  ( 0.59 0.35 0.59 0.59 0.59 1.19 0.59 0.59 1.2 0.59 )  in
i spacingi
As  fy
i
ci  T
0.85 fc' β1 b c  ( 0.86 0.52 0.86 0.86 0.86 1.74 0.86 0.86 1.76 0.86 )  in
 ds  ci 
 i 
εt  0.003  
i
 ci 
 T

εt  0.024 0.041 0.024 0.024 0.024 9.911  10
3
0.024 0.024 9.856  10

 ci 
i  ds 
 i 
T
a i  β 1  ci T
a  ( 0.69 0.41 0.69 0.69 0.69 1.39 0.69 0.69 1.41 0.69 )  in
 ai 
Mn  As  fy ds   T
i i  i 2 Mn  ( 21.35 13.06 21.35 21.35 21.35 40.31 21.35 21.35 41.14 21.35 )  kip ft

T
Po  0.85 fc' b  hi  As   As  fy Po  ( 542.7 529.6 542.7 542.7 542.7 576.1 542.7 542.7 576.9 542.7 )  kip
i  i i

 hi   hi 
i i i i i 2 i i  i 2
T
Ptc  ( 81.46 95.54 81.46 81.46 81.46 43.65 81.46 81.46 43.71 81.46 )  kip
T
Mtc  ( 45.19 42.11 45.19 45.19 45.19 51.867 45.19 45.19 52.648 45.19 )  kip ft
0.003  Es ds 
 i  hi 
a b  β 1  Pcc  0.85 fc' b a b  As  fy Mcc  0.85 fc' b a b  h i  a b   0.5  As  fy d s  
i  0.003  Es  fy i i i i i  i i  i 2
T
Pcc  ( 148.92 163 148.92 148.92 148.92 110 148.92 148.92 110.61 148.92 )  kip
T
Mcc  ( 56.72 53.64 56.72 56.72 56.72 63.48 56.72 56.72 64.22 56.72 )  kip ft

Pdia  0 kip Ptc Pcc Po 
i  i i i Mdia  Mn Mtc Mcc 0 kip ft 
i  i i i 

 i i

 i i 400
 Mtc  Mn 
 i i
 i 
i i i
Mtc otherwise
i
i i
0
0 20 40 60
i i
 ( 0.75  0.90)   M
0.90    n.all  Mtc  otherwise
 
T
ϕ  ( 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 )
i i Ma  ( 22.80 12.48 22.80 22.80 20.47 36.25 20.47 21.26 37.06 21.26 )  kip ft

fc'
ksi

b hi  3
Ig 
i 12
yi 
Neutral Axis 2
Ig
i
i yi
i i 1.2 Mcr  ( 16.55 16.55 16.55 16.55 16.55 16.55 16.55 16.55 16.55 16.55 )  kip ft
i  i  i i 
T
 As 
 i 
c4.3.2  if   0.001 "OK" "NG"  (LRFD 12.11.4.3.2)
i
 b hi 
T


700  γe dc
β s fss 
0.7 h  dc 
0.75 otherwise
 dc  As Es

β s  1 
i  ρi 
i
n  (LRFD 5.7.1) n  6.765
i  0.7hi  dc   b ds Ec
  i  i
Ms1.abs  Ms1
 Ms1.abs 
hi   
ei 1
e i  max  1.15 ds 
i
 ds  j i  min0.9 0.74  0.1   i 12.11.3 
 Ns1 i 2 i   ds  i  ds 
 i    i   i
1  j i e 
 i 
 hi 
Ms1.abs  N s1  d s   700 in γe
fss 
i i  i 2
(LRFD C.12.11.3) smax1   2  dc
i i i i
βs 
i ksi
T
fss  ( 32.553 42.68 25.556 29.81 23.296 11.522 23.233 20.156 40.208 20.156 )  ksi
T
smax1  ( 10.13 6.6 14.21 11.5 16.05 36.16 16.1 19.28 7.05 19.28 )  in
smax2  min 1.5 h i 18in   (LRFD 5.10.3.2)

i
T
smax  minsmax1 smax2  smax  ( 10.1 6.6 14.2 11.5 15 15 15 15 7 15 )  in
i  i i

i  i 
T

Rigorous Method
h
in
As 2 Ms1.abs
in kip in

in kip
Steel Centroid to
d c.r  dc
tension fiber
Guess x  3
Given
   h r 
 2   hr  As.r   h r  As.r
3 i  i  i i  i
Pr  d r  x  3 Mr  Pr  d r    3  Pr  d r x  6  n  Mr  Pr  dr     x  6  n Mr  Pr  d r    =0
i i   i i i 2  i i  i i i 2  br dr  i i i 2  br dr
i i
T
x  ( 0.318 0.219 0.331 0.322 0.288 0.342 0.289 0.313 0.343 0.313
in )
  h r 
i 
2 ksiMr  Pr  dr  
xi  i i i 2  1 
j i  1  fc  fss  fc  n   1
3 i br xi d r  j i dr i i
 xi 
i i
T
fc  ( 2.265 1.711 1.911 2.127 1.388 3.337 1.385 1.372 3.158 1.372 )  ksi
 d c.r  700 in γe


β s.r  1 
i  smax.r   2  dc.r (LRFD 5.7.3.4)
i  0.7hr  in  dc.r   i fss i
  i i 
β s.r 
i
i ksi
fss  ( 32.92 41.22 26.12 30.25 23.16 43.42 23.1 20.32 40.87 20.32 )  ksi
smax.r  ( 9.97 7 13.79 11.26 16.16 5.92 16.22 19.09 6.85 19.09 )  in
by 1-2% typically.
i  i 
i
i  i 
T

Spacing From
ET Culvert
4  12  "C1-Bottom Slab" 
     
T
ii  ii
T 2
ii  ii
BarA.ts 2
ii T in
As.ts  As.ts  ( 0.2 0.2 0.2 ) 
ii spacingts ft
ii
1.3 b hts
ii
As.ts.req 
ii b  hts  (LRFD 5.10.8)
fy
2
 ii

in ksi

h ts  max tts tbs twa  As.ts.req  0.001  h ts b As.ts.req  0.12 in
2
 ii ii 
  T
check5.10.8_1  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" )
check5.10.8_2  if 0.11in   1 ft  As.ts  0.60in "OK" "NG" 

2 2  T
check5.10.8_2  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" )
ii  ii 
ii
  T
smax.ts  ( 18 18 18 )  in (LRFD 5.10.8)
ii
  T
smax.ts2  ( 15 15 15 )  in (LRFD 5.10.3.2)
checkmax.ts  if spacingts  minsmax.ts smax.ts2  "OK" "NG"  T

ii  ii  ii ii  checkmax.ts  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" )

4  10   "C100-Top Slab" 
iii  1  2
4  12  "C200-Bottom Slab" 
 iii iii Bar D.ds  ( 0.5 0.5 )  in

iii  iii Bar A.ds  ( 0.2 0.2 )  in
BarA.ds 2
iii T in
As.ds  As.ds  ( 0.24 0.2 ) 
iii spacingds ft
iii

 1 
 
As.req As  min 0.50  As if H s  2 ft
(LRFD 5.14.4.1)
 
 ft 

1 2
As.dis.top  As.reqAs   ft in
6   As.dis.top  0.12
ft
1 2
As.dis.bot  As.reqAs   ft in
9   As.dis.bot  0.12
ft
 1 
 2 
We have selected to not use the max moment with max shear therefore the factorded moment occuring at the critical shear
section must be interpolated form the tenth points.

Mstr1.wall  Intforce CS shear Lwa Mstr1.ALL 1 2 1 4 

Mstr1.ts  Intforce CSshear L ts Mstr1.ALL 3 4 5 7 
Mstr1.bs  Intforce  CS shear Lbs Mstr1.ALL 5 6 8 10
Mstr1.Vu  Msr Mstr1.all
T
Mstr2.Vu  (  19.061 9.48  16.98  16.359  6.256 33.439  6.381  5.931 36.907  5.931 )  kip ft

Eriksson Culvert doesn't consider the effects of axial compression in capacity of the sections in shear per
C5.14.5.3
  fc' 
Vc  Vc  min0.25 fc' b  dv 0.0316ksi β    b d v  if i  4
otherwise
 Vstr2  ds 
Ratioi  min 1.0
i i
 Mstr2.Vu 
 i  (LRFD 5.8.3.3 and LRFD 5.14.5.3-1)
 fc' As 

Vc  0.0676ksi  4.6ksi 
i
 Ratioi  b d s
 ksi b ds  i
 i 
fc'
Vc.max  0.126 ksi  b d s
ksi i
fc'
Vc.min  0.0948ksi   b ds
ksi i
 
Vc  max Vc.min min Vc Vc.max 
T
Vc  ( 12.346 12.58 12.346 12.346 19.396 19.078 19.396 19.396 19.237 19.396 )  kip
i i
T
Vr  ( 11.11 11.32 11.11 11.11 17.46 17.17 17.46 17.46 17.31 17.46 )  kip


Epoxy coated Bar Modep  if spacing  ft  3  Bar D 1.5 if clear  6  BarD 1.5 1.2 Modep  1.2
4 4
 4  4 
provided As
4
4 4
  4 
 1.25in BarA  fy fy 
4
Ldp  Modep Modas  Mods max  0.4 BarD   Ldp  11.805 in
4 ksi
 fc' 
 kip ksi 
 

Ld  max Ldp 12in  Ld  12 in
Exlength  max Ld 12 BarD 0.0625 Clear_Span d s  (LRFD 5.11.2.3) Exlength  12 in
 4 4


Cutoffv  Splice  Inflectionpoint.v Cutoffv  2.14 ft

1.14 Load Rating

interpolated


Mrat.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts Mts 1 8 5 7  Vrat.ts  Intforce CSshear L ts Vts 1 8 5 7 
Mrat.bs  Intforce  CS moment L bs Mbs 1 8 8 10 Vrat.bs  Intforce CS shear Lbs Vbs 1 8 8 10
Mrat.all  stack Mrat.wasubmatrix Mrat.ts 5 7 1 8  submatrix Mrat.bs 8 10 1 8  
Vrat.all  stack Vrat.wasubmatrix Vrat.ts 5 7 1 8  submatrix Vrat.bs 8 10 1 8  

 
RF C Intf γLL  for i  1  10

 T


 
i
T
 i 8 i 7 

i
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF1 
i γLL LLmod
i
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF2 
 i i 5
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF3 
i γLL Intf
i 5

RFtot  augment RF1 RF2 RF3 
i
 T 
i   
RFmin
HL-93 Design Vehicle Analysis
5.15.2 HL-93 Design Vehicle Load Rating



IRmoment  ( 2.07 2.16 2.25 1.82 3.21 1.41 3.22 5.04 1.67 5.04 )
 
IRshear  RFs C shear Vrat.all γLL
T
IRshear  ( 5.63 42.65 42.23 8.47 1.9 5.83 1.9 2.57 99 2.57 )

An operating rating of the design vehicle is performed under the strength II category with a live load factor of 1.35 per MBE
Table 6A.4.3.2.2-1
γLL.OR  1.35

ORmoment  RF Cmoment Mrat.all γLL.OR  T
ORmoment  ( 2.69 2.8 2.92 2.36 4.16 1.83 4.18 6.54 2.17 6.54 )

ORshear  RFs C shear Vrat.all γLL.OR  T
ORshear  ( 7.3 55.28 54.74 10.98 2.46 7.55 2.47 3.34 99 3.34 )

Eriksson
Culvert
2
Top Slab-Bar A100 1.380 1.356 1.8%
Bottom Slab-Bar A200 1.312 1.301 0.8%
Top Corner-Bar A1 1.089 1.092 -0.3%
Bottom Corner-Bar A2 1.093 1.095 -0.2%
16.5.4 Longitudinal Reinforcement (in2/ft)
Top Slab-Bar C100 0.360 0.360 0.0%
Bottom Slab-Bar C200 0.360 0.360 0.0%


Crack Control Check

Exterior Wall Negative Moment Reinforcing 27.39 27.39 0.0%
Bottom Corner Moment Reinforcement 20.67 20.67 0.0%

By:RAA
Task : Client: Eriksson Software 9/19/2018 3:07:48 PM
Job No. : File: ETCulvert_VP6.etc p. 1 of 4
Spec.: AREMA 2012

Design Method: Load Factor
Physical Dimensions
Clear Span: 12'-0"
Clear Height: 4'-0"
Top Slab: 1'-3"
Bottom Slab: 1'-2" z
Ext. Wall: 1'-0"
8'-0"
x
Fill Depth: 3.00 ft
Length: 8'-0"
Bottom Haunch, Height: 8"
14'-0"
Material Properties
Concrete
Strength, f'c: 7.500 ksi Plan View
Density: 0.150 kcf
Type: Normal wt
Steel
Yield, fy: 60 ksi
1'-3"
Soil
Density: 0.120 kcf
y
4'-0"
Ext. Cover Top Slab: 2" x
Ext. Cover Walls 2"
Int. Cover Walls 2"
Int. Top Slab 2"
1'-2"
Loads 1'-0" 12'-0" 1'-0"

Live Load
Vehicle Names: Cooper E80
Max No. of Lanes: 1
Dead Load Typical Section
Lateral Soil Loads
Lateral Press. Coeff. Max: 1.00
Lateral Press. Coeff. Min: 0.33

By:RAA
Concrete Summary

Top Slab(Int) A100 20 7 5" S 13'-7" -- -- 555.0
Bot Slab(Int) A200 24 6 4" S 13'-7" -- -- 490.0
Top Slab(Ext) A300 10 5 10" S 13'-7" -- -- 142.0
Bot Slab(Ext) A400 10 5 10" S 13'-7" -- -- 142.0
Corner(Top) A1 12 11 1'-5" L 13'-2" 7'-8" 5'-6" 839.0
Corner(Bot) A2 12 11 1'-5" L 11'-1" 5'-8" 5'-5" 707.0
Wall(Int) B1 20 5 10" S 4'-6" -- -- 94.0
Longit. Top (Int) C100 9 3 1'-6" S 7'-11" -- -- 27.0
Longit. Bot (Int) C200 9 3 1'-6" S 7'-11" -- -- 27.0
Longit. Top (Ext) C1 16 5 10" S 7'-11" -- -- 132.0
Longit. Bot (Ext) C1 16 5 10" S 7'-11" -- -- 132.0
3518
9" 16 C1 Bars @ 10" 9" 1'-0" 9 C100 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-0"

8 1/2"
8 1/2"
8 1/2"
8 1/2"
8 1/2" 7 C1 Bars @ 10"
8 1/2" 7 C1 Bars @ 10"
8 1/2" 7 C1 Bars @ 10"
8 1/2" 7 C1 Bars @ 10"

9" 16 C1 Bars @ 10" 9" 1'-0" 9 C200 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-0"

By:RAA
3"
3"
10 B1 Bars @ 10"
10 B1 Bars @ 10"
3"
3"
1/2"
3"
10 A300 Bars @ 10"
20 A100 Bars @ 5"

1/2"
3"

2"
3"
10 A400 Bars @ 10"
24 A200 Bars @ 4"

3"
2"

By:RAA
5 1/2"
5 1/2"
5 1/2"
5 1/2"
6 A1 Bars @ 1'-5"
6 A1 Bars @ 1'-5"
6 A2 Bars @ 1'-5"
6 A2 Bars @ 1'-5"
5 1/2"
5 1/2"
5 1/2"
5 1/2"

Task :
Job No.:
CULVERT PROPERTIES
==================
Type of Culvert: Precast Specification : AREMA 2012
Design Method: Load Factor
Physical Dimensions
-------------------
Wall Joint: None
Material Properties
-------------------
Poisson's : 0.5
Fe Factor : 1.000 (User Defined)
Serviceability, Z : 130 k/in
Loads
-----
Live Load: Vehicle: (AA) Cooper E80 - Design Vehicle
1 40.00 0.00
2 80.00 8.00
3 80.00 5.00
4 80.00 5.00
5 80.00 5.00
6 52.00 9.00
7 52.00 5.00
8 52.00 6.00
9 52.00 5.00
10 40.00 8.00
11 80.00 8.00
12 80.00 5.00
13 80.00 5.00
14 80.00 5.00
15 52.00 9.00
16 52.00 5.00
17 52.00 6.00
18 52.00 5.00
Include Tandem: no
Combine: Truck Or Tandem Or Lane
Override DLA: no
Include Lane Load : yes Max. No. of Lanes: 1
Track Width : 8.50 ft
Lateral Soil Loads: Max. Pressure Coeff. : 1.00 Min. Press. Coeff. : 0.33
Buoyancy Check : no
---------------------------
Gamma : 1.400 Beta-d : 1.000
Beta-l I : 1.670 Beta-l Ib : 1.000
Phi Slab : 0.850 Phi Ext. : 0.800
Phi Shear: 0.850 Phi Moment: 0.900
Reinforcement

-------------
Top Slab: 2.0000 in 2.0000 in
Walls : 2.0000 in 2.0000 in
Bot Slab: 2.0000 in 2.0000 in
Design Options
--------------
Ext. Wall: Variable
LL Analysis : Automatically Set Distribution Width to Account for Skew Effects: no

DESIGN RESULTS
==============
Top Slab Thickness = 15.00 in (from Cooper E80 truck)
Bottom Slab Thickness = 14.00 in (from Cooper E80 truck)
Exterior Wall Thickness = 12.00 in (from Cooper E80 truck)
--------------------------
Corner (Top) A1 (AS1) 12 11 L-BAR 17.00 1.101 1.089 13- 2 839 7- 8 5- 6 AA
Total 3518
AS Bar Marks
----------------
--------------------
Bar Splice Length
Mark Size (ft-in)
B1 5 1- 9
C1 5 1- 9
C100 3 1- 1
C200 3 1- 1

----------------------------------
Design Corr. Fill
Loc Dist. Moment A. F. Mu ds Ma As 1.2Mcr Truck Depth
BOT 9.00 -44.63 36.85 43.92 9.30 55.32 0.90 1.10a 18.71 AA 3.00
MID 31.25 0.00 5.26 15.97 9.69 17.69 0.90 0.37c 18.71 AA 3.00
MID- 31.25 -44.01 36.85 44.27 9.36 55.62 0.90 1.10a 18.71 AA 3.00
TOP 9.50 -44.48 36.85 43.92 9.30 55.32 0.90 1.10a 18.71 AA 3.00
Design Corr. Fill
LT 6.50 -31.81 4.86 58.79 12.30 60.65 0.90 1.10a 29.23 AA 3.00
MID 78.00 74.25 -0.13 77.75 12.56 77.70 0.90 1.44a 29.23 AA 3.00
RT 6.50 -31.81 4.86 58.79 12.30 60.65 0.90 1.10a 29.23 AA 3.00

Design Corr. Fill
LT 7.00 -28.64 6.20 53.83 11.30 56.06 0.90 1.10a 25.46 AA 3.00
MID 78.00 64.84 0.77 65.98 11.63 66.24 0.90 1.32a 25.46 AA 3.00
RT 7.00 -28.64 6.20 53.83 11.30 56.06 0.90 1.10a 25.46 AA 3.00
Critical Sections Summary: Vertical Shear:
------------------------------------------
Design Corr. Corr. Max. Fill
Loc Dist. Shear Moment A. F. Dv phi*Vn Beta Vc Vs Av Spac Truck Depth
BOT 16.50 3.44 -44.6 36.85 9.30 24.63 2.000 28.98b 0.00 0.00 0.00 AA 3.00
MID 31.25 1.39 0.0 5.26 9.69 25.67 2.000 30.20b 0.00 0.00 0.00 AA 3.00
MID- 31.25 1.39 -44.0 36.85 9.36 24.82 2.000 29.20b 0.00 0.00 0.00 AA 3.00
TOP 17.00 -2.91 -44.5 36.85 9.30 24.63 2.000 28.98b 0.00 0.00 0.00 AA 3.00
LT 18.50 28.46 -31.8 4.86 12.30 32.58 2.000 38.33b 0.00 0.00 0.00 AA 3.00
MID 78.00 6.93 74.3 -0.13 12.56 33.29 2.000 39.17b 0.00 0.00 0.00 AA 3.00
RT 18.50 28.46 -31.8 4.86 12.30 32.58 2.000 38.33b 0.00 0.00 0.00 AA 3.00
LT 17.50 26.33 -28.6 6.20 11.30 29.93 2.000 35.21b 0.00 0.00 0.00 AA 3.00
MID 78.00 0.23 64.8 0.77 11.63 30.81 2.000 36.24b 0.00 0.00 0.00 AA 3.00
RT 17.50 26.33 -28.6 6.20 11.30 29.93 2.000 35.21b 0.00 0.00 0.00 AA 3.00

========================================================================================================
========================================================================================================
Load Parameters:
---------------
Fe = 1.00
------------------------
Horizontal Earth Load (max) 1.060 0.435
Horizontal Earth Load (min) 0.350 0.144
Unfactored Moments and Shears due to All Loads: (k-ft, k)

----------------------------------------------
M-PT Mdl Msp Mwp Vdl Vsp Vwp
Bottom
1- 0 -6.27 -1.05 0.00 0.40 3.38 0.00
1- 1 -6.06 0.51 0.00 0.40 2.61 0.00
1- 2 -5.85 1.68 0.00 0.40 1.87 0.00
1- 3 -5.64 2.46 0.00 0.40 1.16 0.00
1- 4 -5.44 2.89 0.00 0.40 0.48 0.00
1- 5 -5.23 2.97 0.00 0.40 -0.17 0.00
1- 6 -5.02 2.72 0.00 0.40 -0.78 0.00
1- 7 -4.81 2.17 0.00 0.40 -1.36 0.00
1- 8 -4.61 1.32 0.00 0.40 -1.91 0.00
1- 9 -4.40 0.19 0.00 0.40 -2.42 0.00
1-10 -4.19 -1.20 0.00 0.40 -2.90 0.00
Top
Left
2- 0 -4.19 -1.21 0.00 3.76 0.00 0.00
2- 1 0.15 -1.21 0.00 2.94 0.00 0.00
2- 2 3.49 -1.21 0.00 2.20 0.00 0.00
2- 3 5.87 -1.21 0.00 1.47 0.00 0.00
2- 4 7.31 -1.21 0.00 0.73 0.00 0.00
2- 5 7.78 -1.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 6 7.31 -1.21 0.00 -0.73 0.00 0.00
2- 7 5.87 -1.21 0.00 -1.47 0.00 0.00
2- 8 3.49 -1.21 0.00 -2.20 0.00 0.00
2- 9 0.15 -1.21 0.00 -2.94 0.00 0.00
2-10 -4.19 -1.21 0.00 -3.76 0.00 0.00
Right
Left
4- 0 -6.27 -1.05 0.00 4.54 0.00 0.00
4- 1 -0.96 -1.05 0.00 3.63 0.00 0.00
4- 2 3.17 -1.05 0.00 2.72 0.00 0.00
4- 3 6.12 -1.05 0.00 1.81 0.00 0.00
4- 4 7.89 -1.05 0.00 0.91 0.00 0.00
4- 5 8.48 -1.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 6 7.89 -1.05 0.00 -0.91 0.00 0.00
4- 7 6.12 -1.05 0.00 -1.81 0.00 0.00
4- 8 3.17 -1.05 0.00 -2.72 0.00 0.00
4- 9 -0.96 -1.05 0.00 -3.63 0.00 0.00
4-10 -6.27 -1.05 0.00 -4.54 0.00 0.00
Right
------------------------------------------ Analysis Truck, Cooper E80 -------------------------------------
Truck 1 1.039 5.00
2 2.079 5.00 8.00
3 2.079 5.00 5.00
4 2.079 5.00 5.00
5 2.079 5.00 5.00
6 1.351 5.00 9.00
7 1.351 5.00 5.00
8 1.351 5.00 6.00
9 1.351 5.00 5.00
10 1.039 5.00 8.00
11 2.079 5.00 8.00

12 2.079 5.00 5.00
13 2.079 5.00 5.00
14 2.079 5.00 5.00
15 1.351 5.00 9.00
16 1.351 5.00 5.00
17 1.351 5.00 6.00
18 1.351 5.00 5.00

--------------------

-------------------------------------------
Truck 1 1.039 5.00 20.50 Truck 1 1.039 5.00 18.10
2 2.079 5.00 12.50 2 2.079 5.00 10.10
3 2.079 5.00 7.50 3 2.079 5.00 5.10
4 2.079 5.00 2.50 4 2.079 5.00 0.10
5 2.079 5.00 -2.50 5 2.079 5.00 -4.90
6 1.351 5.00 -11.50 6 1.351 5.00 -13.90
7 1.351 5.00 -16.50 7 1.351 5.00 -18.90
8 1.351 5.00 -22.50 8 1.351 5.00 -24.90
9 1.351 5.00 -27.50 9 1.351 5.00 -29.90
10 1.039 5.00 -35.50 10 1.039 5.00 -37.90
11 2.079 5.00 -43.50 11 2.079 5.00 -45.90
12 2.079 5.00 -48.50 12 2.079 5.00 -50.90
13 2.079 5.00 -53.50 13 2.079 5.00 -55.90
14 2.079 5.00 -58.50 14 2.079 5.00 -60.90
15 1.351 5.00 -67.50 15 1.351 5.00 -69.90
16 1.351 5.00 -72.50 16 1.351 5.00 -74.90
17 1.351 5.00 -78.50 17 1.351 5.00 -80.90
18 1.351 5.00 -83.50 18 1.351 5.00 -85.90
Truck 1 1.039 5.00 20.50 Truck 1 1.039 5.00 20.50
2 2.079 5.00 12.50 2 2.079 5.00 12.50
3 2.079 5.00 7.50 3 2.079 5.00 7.50
4 2.079 5.00 2.50 4 2.079 5.00 2.50
5 2.079 5.00 -2.50 5 2.079 5.00 -2.50
6 1.351 5.00 -11.50 6 1.351 5.00 -11.50
7 1.351 5.00 -16.50 7 1.351 5.00 -16.50
8 1.351 5.00 -22.50 8 1.351 5.00 -22.50
9 1.351 5.00 -27.50 9 1.351 5.00 -27.50
10 1.039 5.00 -35.50 10 1.039 5.00 -35.50
11 2.079 5.00 -43.50 11 2.079 5.00 -43.50
12 2.079 5.00 -48.50 12 2.079 5.00 -48.50
13 2.079 5.00 -53.50 13 2.079 5.00 -53.50
14 2.079 5.00 -58.50 14 2.079 5.00 -58.50
15 1.351 5.00 -67.50 15 1.351 5.00 -67.50
16 1.351 5.00 -72.50 16 1.351 5.00 -72.50
17 1.351 5.00 -78.50 17 1.351 5.00 -78.50
18 1.351 5.00 -83.50 18 1.351 5.00 -83.50
Corresponding Shear at Mid : 0.00 k Corresponding Shear at Mid : 0.00 k
Truck 1 0.00 20.50
2 0.00 12.50
3 0.00 7.50
4 0.00 2.50
5 0.00 -2.50
6 0.00 -11.50
7 0.00 -16.50
8 0.00 -22.50
9 0.00 -27.50
10 0.00 -35.50

11 0.00 -43.50
12 0.00 -48.50
13 0.00 -53.50
14 0.00 -58.50
15 0.00 -67.50
16 0.00 -72.50
17 0.00 -78.50
18 0.00 -83.50

-----------------------------------------------
Truck Tandem Lane
Bottom
1- 0 0.00 -15.49 0.39 -0.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.49 0.03 -0.02
1- 1 0.00 -15.60 0.39 -0.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.48 0.03 -0.02
1- 2 0.00 -15.71 0.39 -0.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.47 0.03 -0.02
1- 3 0.00 -15.82 0.39 -0.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.47 0.03 -0.02
1- 4 0.00 -15.93 0.39 -0.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.46 0.03 -0.02
1- 5 0.00 -16.03 0.39 -0.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.46 0.03 -0.02
1- 6 0.00 -16.14 0.39 -0.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.45 0.03 -0.02
1- 7 0.00 -16.25 0.39 -0.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.45 0.03 -0.02
1- 8 0.00 -16.36 0.39 -0.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.44 0.03 -0.02
1- 9 0.00 -16.47 0.39 -0.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.44 0.03 -0.02
1-10 0.02 -16.62 0.39 -0.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.43 0.03 -0.02
Top
Left
2- 0 0.02 -16.62 13.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.43 0.36 0.00
2- 1 2.42 -4.22 10.93 -0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 -0.11 0.29 0.00
2- 2 11.53 0.00 8.60 -0.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.32 0.00 0.23 -0.01
2- 3 20.31 0.00 6.54 -0.74 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.56 0.00 0.18 -0.03
2- 4 25.58 0.00 4.69 -1.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.00 0.13 -0.05
2- 5 27.34 0.00 2.96 -2.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.74 0.00 0.09 -0.09
2- 6 25.58 0.00 1.36 -4.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.70 0.00 0.05 -0.13
2- 7 20.31 0.00 0.74 -6.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.56 0.00 0.03 -0.18
2- 8 11.53 0.00 0.32 -8.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.32 0.00 0.01 -0.23
2- 9 2.42 -4.22 0.08 -10.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 -0.11 0.00 -0.29
2-10 0.02 -16.62 0.00 -13.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.43 0.00 -0.36
Right
Left
4- 0 0.00 -15.49 11.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.49 0.36 0.00
4- 1 0.05 -1.69 9.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.06 0.29 0.00
4- 2 9.05 0.00 7.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.22 0.00
4- 3 16.73 0.00 4.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.14 0.00
4- 4 21.33 0.00 2.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.64 0.00 0.07 0.00
4- 5 22.86 0.00 0.10 -0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.69 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 6 21.33 0.00 0.00 -2.36 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.64 0.00 0.00 -0.07
4- 7 16.73 0.00 0.00 -4.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 -0.14
4- 8 9.05 0.00 0.00 -7.08 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.00 -0.22
4- 9 0.05 -1.69 0.00 -9.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.06 0.00 -0.29
4-10 0.00 -15.49 0.00 -11.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.49 0.00 -0.36
Right

--------------------
Bar Moment Fss Allow
Mark Location (k-ft) (ksi) (ksi)
A1 Top Corner Bar -20.1 17.51 20.67
A2 Bot Corner Bar -20.6 18.08 20.67
A100 Top Slab (int) 33.9 24.02 33.32
A300 Top Slab (ext) 0.0 0.00 99.99
A200 Bot Slab (int) 30.3 24.80 36.52
A400 Bot Slab (ext) 0.0 0.00 99.99
B1 Ext Wall (int) -2.3 0.00 27.39
B2 Ext Wall (ext) 0.0 0.00 0.00
Serviceability Check: Live Load Deflection
--------------------
Deflection Ratio of Top Slab = 1/3400 (Limit = 1/800)

--------------------------------------------------
Design Corr.
Loc Dist. Moment A. F. Mu ds Ma As 1.2Mcr
BOT 9.00 -44.63 36.85 43.92 9.30 55.32 0.90 1.10a 18.71
MID 31.25 0.00 5.26 15.97 9.69 17.69 0.90 0.37c 18.71
MID- 31.25 -44.01 36.85 44.27 9.36 55.62 0.90 1.10a 18.71
TOP 9.50 -44.48 36.85 43.92 9.30 55.32 0.90 1.10a 18.71
Design Corr.
LT 6.50 -31.81 4.86 58.79 12.30 60.65 0.90 1.10a 29.23
MID 78.00 74.25 -0.13 77.75 12.56 77.70 0.90 1.44a 29.23
RT 6.50 -31.81 4.86 58.79 12.30 60.65 0.90 1.10a 29.23
Design Corr.
LT 7.00 -28.64 6.20 53.83 11.30 56.06 0.90 1.10a 25.46
MID 78.00 64.84 0.77 65.98 11.63 66.24 0.90 1.32a 25.46
RT 7.00 -28.64 6.20 53.83 11.30 56.06 0.90 1.10a 25.46
---------------------------------------------------------
Design Corr. Corr. Max.
Loc Dist. Shear Moment A. F. Dv phi*Vn Beta Theta Vc Vs Av Spac
BOT 16.50 3.44 -44.6 36.85 9.30 24.63 n/a n/a 28.98d 0.00 0.00 0.00
MID 31.25 1.39 0.0 5.26 9.69 25.67 n/a n/a 30.20d 0.00 0.00 0.00
MID- 31.25 1.39 -44.0 36.85 9.36 24.82 n/a n/a 29.20d 0.00 0.00 0.00
TOP 17.00 -2.91 -44.5 36.85 9.30 24.63 n/a n/a 28.98d 0.00 0.00 0.00
LT 18.50 28.46 -31.8 4.86 12.30 32.58 n/a n/a 38.33d 0.00 0.00 0.00
MID 78.00 6.93 74.3 -0.13 12.56 33.29 n/a n/a 39.17d 0.00 0.00 0.00
RT 18.50 28.46 -31.8 4.86 12.30 32.58 n/a n/a 38.33d 0.00 0.00 0.00
LT 17.50 26.33 -28.6 6.20 11.30 29.93 n/a n/a 35.21d 0.00 0.00 0.00
MID 78.00 0.23 64.8 0.77 11.63 30.81 n/a n/a 36.24d 0.00 0.00 0.00
RT 17.50 26.33 -28.6 6.20 11.30 29.93 n/a n/a 35.21d 0.00 0.00 0.00

----------------------------------------
Bottom
1- 0 -9.257 -46.462 5.257 36.848 6.201 0.768
1- 1 -8.246 -44.795 5.257 36.848 5.116 0.410
1- 2 -7.417 -44.417 5.257 36.848 4.077 0.067
1- 3 -6.763 -44.157 5.257 36.848 3.083 -0.261
1- 4 -6.276 -44.007 5.257 36.848 2.135 -0.574
1- 5 -5.948 -43.957 5.257 36.848 1.389 -1.028
1- 6 -5.771 -44.002 5.257 36.848 1.106 -1.885
1- 7 -5.738 -44.132 5.257 36.848 0.838 -2.697
1- 8 -5.840 -44.341 5.257 36.848 0.585 -3.463
1- 9 -6.070 -44.628 5.257 36.848 0.348 -4.183
1-10 -6.373 -46.404 5.257 36.848 0.125 -4.858
Top
Left
2- 0 -6.379 -46.424 -0.125 4.858 36.848 5.257
2- 1 5.306 -11.359 -0.125 4.858 29.668 3.929
2- 2 31.276 4.538 -0.125 4.858 23.193 2.334
2- 3 55.151 7.880 -0.125 4.858 17.344 0.333
2- 4 69.477 9.885 -0.125 4.858 11.992 -2.141
2- 5 74.252 10.553 -0.125 4.858 6.931 -6.931
2- 6 69.477 9.885 -0.125 4.858 2.141 -11.992
2- 7 55.151 7.880 -0.125 4.858 -0.333 -17.344
2- 8 31.276 4.538 -0.125 4.858 -2.334 -23.193
2- 9 5.306 -11.359 -0.125 4.858 -3.929 -29.668
2-10 -6.379 -46.424 -0.125 4.858 -5.257 -36.848
Right
Left
4- 0 -9.257 -46.462 0.768 6.201 33.943 6.351
4- 1 -1.709 -6.753 0.768 6.201 27.155 5.081
4- 2 25.123 4.135 0.768 6.201 20.366 3.811
4- 3 47.186 8.263 0.768 6.201 13.577 2.540
4- 4 60.424 10.740 0.768 6.201 6.789 1.270
4- 5 64.837 11.565 0.768 6.201 0.234 -0.234
4- 6 60.424 10.740 0.768 6.201 -1.270 -6.789
4- 7 47.186 8.263 0.768 6.201 -2.540 -13.577
4- 8 25.123 4.135 0.768 6.201 -3.811 -20.366
4- 9 -1.709 -6.753 0.768 6.201 -5.081 -27.155
4-10 -9.257 -46.462 0.768 6.201 -6.351 -33.943
Right

Four-Sided Precast Box Culvert with 0˚ skew, AREMA Specs
1.1 Input
1.2 Loads

box culvert with no skew following AREMA specifications.
Specifications: AASHTO Standard Bridge Design Specifications, 17th ed Load Factor Design
AREMA Manual for Railway Engineering, 2010
References: Manual for Bridge Evaluation, 2nd edition, 2011
3
Units: U.S. customary units kcf  kip ft
6.1 Input
kip
Materials: Box concrete: fc'  7.5ksi wc  0.150 kcf Z  130
in
K1  1.0 Aggmax  1.5in
Geometry: Box culvert: H t  4 ft W  12ft L  8 ft skew  0 deg Clear_Span  W

Soil fill: H s  3 ft L d  8.5ft  Hs  11.5 ft
Reinforcement: coverte  2 in coverbe  2 in coverwe  2 in
Fill type: Fill_type  "Compacted" Slope_Factor  1.00
Loads: Vehicle live: Cooper E80 Traffic Direction: Lanes parallel to main reinforcement
Future wearing surface: wws  0 psf
Water density: ww  62.4pcf
Earth pressure coefficients: ke.min  0.33 ke.max  1.00 ks  0.33
Factors: Flexure: ϕf  0.9 Shear: ϕv  0.85 Axial: ϕc  0.7
Load factors γAREMA  1.4 β D  1 β L  1.67 AREMA 2.2.4

6.2 Loads
Dead Loads (DC):
bottom slab: wdbs  wc tbs 1 ft wdbs  0.175  klf
2
single haunch: th
weight 2
wall weight wwall  twa wc 1 ft wwall  0.15 klf

Design_Height  Ht  0.5 tbs  tts  Design_Height  62.5 in
1 kip

wbottom  wdts Design_Span  2  wwall Design_Height   Design_Span
wbottom  0.308 
ft
200 lbf kip

Vertical Earth Load (EV): we  γs Hs 1 ft   0.377  klf we  0.377 
Ld ft
pressures
Minimum Case

Pe.top.min  ke.min γs Hs  0.5 tts  Pe.top.min  143.55 psf
Pe.bot.min  ke.min γs  Hs  tts  H t  0.5 tbs  Pe.bot.min  349.8  psf
Maximum Case

Pe.top.max  ke.max  γs Hs  0.5 tts  Pe.top.max  435  psf
Pe.bot.max  ke.max  γs  Hs  tts  H t  0.5 tbs  Pe.bot.max  1060 psf
ks γs
Live Load : Ps 
 80kip 
 Ps  459.13 psf

Surcharge (LS) ft
 5  γs Ld 


Live Loads :
(LL)
Cooper E 80 properties (AREMA 2.2.3)

Track width Track_Width  8.5ft
T
Axle Loads Paxle  ( 40 80 80 80 80 52 52 52 52 40 80 80 80 80 52 52 52 52 )  kip
T
Axle Spacing SPaxle  ( 8 5 5 5 9 5 6 5 8 8 5 5 5 9 5 6 5 ) ft
  Hs  18in 
Impact Impact  60%  1    Impact  49.412 % (AREMA 2.2.3d)
  10ft  18in 
Eperp  Slope_Factor H s  Track_Width (AREMA 16.4.3) Eperp  11.5 ft

Eparallel  5 ft Eparallel  5  ft
Distributed load acting on a 1 foot wide culvert

Paxle
Loadaxle 
Eperp Eparallel
T klf
Loadaxle  ( 0.7 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.7 1.39 1.39 1.39 1.39 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 ) 
ft

Properties:
1 5 8 1 6
2 6 9
h  tbs 3 8
4 9
4 5 10
T T
h  ( 12 12 12 12 15 15 15 14 14 14 )  in cover  ( 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 )  in

Each Column Corresponds to: ( "DL" "SP" "WP" "LL+" "LL-" )
Exterior Wall:
 6.27  1.05 0 0  15.49  0.40 3.38 0 0.39  0.58 

   
 15.6 0 0.39  0.58
 6.06 0.51 0 0
 0.40 2.16 
 5.85 1.68 0 0  15.71  0.40 1.87 0 0.39  0.58 
 5.64 2.46 0 0  15.82
 0.40 1.16 0 0.39  0.58

   
 5.44 2.89 0 0  15.93  0.40 0.48 0 0.39  0.58 
Mwa   5.23 2.97 0 0  16.03   kip ft Vwa  0.40  0.17 0 0.39  0.58   kip
   
 5.02 2.72 0 0  16.14  0.40  0.78 0 0.39  0.58 
 4.81 2.17 0 0  16.25  0.40  1.36 0 0.39  0.58 
   
 4.61 1.32 0 0  16.36  0.40  1.91 0 0.39  0.58 
 4.40 0.19 0 0  16.47  0.40  2.42 0 0.39  0.58 
   
 4.19  1.20 0 0.02  16.62  0.40  2.90 0 0.39  0.58 
Pwa  (  3.672 0.000 0.000 0.000  13.512 )  kip

Top Slab:
 4.19  1.21 0 0.02  16.62   3.76 0 0 13.51 0 

   
 1.21 0 2.42  4.22 0 0 10.93  0.08
 0.15   2.94 
 3.49  1.21 0 11.53 0   2.20 0 0 8.6  0.32 
 5.87  1.21 0 20.32 0
  1.47 0 0 6.54  0.74

   
 7.31  1.21 0 25.61 0   0.73 0 0 4.68  1.36 
Mts   7.78  1.21 0 27.41 0   kip ft Vts   0 0 0 2.95  2.96   kip
   
 7.31  1.21 0 25.69 0   0.73 0 0 1.34  4.69 
 5.87  1.21 0 20.46  0.05   1.47 0 0 0.74  6.54 
   
 3.49  1.21 0 11.72  0.1   2.20 0 0 0.32  8.6 
 0.15  1.21 0 2.45  4.28   2.94 0 0 0.08  10.93 
   
 4.19  1.21 0 0  16.62   3.76 0 0 0  13.51 
Pts  ( 0.375  1.768 0.000 0.388  0.579 )  kip
Bottom Slab:
 6.27  1.05 0 0  15.49   4.54 0 0 11.8 0 

   
 1.69
 0.96  1.05 0 0.05
  3.63 0 0 9.44 0

 3.17  1.05 0 9.05 0   2.72 0 0 7.08 0 
 6.12  1.05 0 16.73 0
  1.81 0 0 4.72 0

   
 7.89  1.05 0 21.33 0   0.91 0 0 2.36 0 
Mbs   8.48  1.05 0 22.86 0   kip ft Vbs   0 0 0 0.1  0.1   kip
   
 7.89  1.05 0 21.33 0   0.91 0 0 0  2.36 
 6.12  1.05 0 16.73 0   1.81 0 0 0  4.72 
   
 3.17  1.05 0 9.05 0   2.72 0 0 0  7.08 
 0.96  1.05 0 0.05  1.69   3.63 0 0 0  9.44 
   
 6.27  1.05 0 0  15.49   4.54 0 0 0  11.8 
Pbs  (  0.375  1.908 0.000 0.579  0.388 )  kip

indices: j  1  6 i  1  11
Load factored design γAREMA  1.4 βD  1 β L  1.67
MLFD  γAREMA  β D  Mwa  Mwa  Mwa   β L Mwa  if j  2

i j   i 1 i 2 i 3 i 5 mod  j 2
γAREMA  β D  Mts  Mts  Mts   β L Mts  if j  2  j  4

  i 1 i 2 i 3 i 5 mod  j 2
γAREMA  β D  Mbs  Mbs  Mbs   β L Mbs  if j  4

  i 1 i 2 i 3 i 5 mod  j 2
VLFD  γAREMA  β D  Vwa  Vwa  Vwa   β L Vwa  if j  2

i j   i 1 i 2 i 3 i 5 mod  j 2
γAREMA  β D  Vts  Vts  Vts   β L Vts  if j  2  j  4

  i 1 i 2 i 3 i 5 mod  j 2
γAREMA  β D  Vbs  Vbs  Vbs   β L Vbs  if j  4

  i 1 i 2 i 3 i 5 mod  j 2
PLFD  γAREMA  β D  Pwa  Pwa  Pwa   β L Pwa  if j  2

i j   1 1 1 2 1 3 1 5 mod  j 2
γAREMA  β D  Pts  Pts  Pts   β L Pts  if j  2  j  4

  1 1 1 2 1 3 1 5 mod  j 2
γAREMA  β D  Pbs  Pbs  Pbs   β L Pbs  if j  4

  1 1 1 2 1 3 1 5 mod  j 2
Service load factors γAREMA  1.0 β D  1.0 β L  1.0
MSVC  γAREMA  β D  Mwa  Mwa  Mwa   β L Mwa  if j  2

i j   i 1 i 2 i 3 i 5 mod  j 2
γAREMA  β D  Mts  Mts  Mts   β L Mts  if j  2  j  4

  i 1 i 2 i 3 i 5 mod  j 2
γAREMA  β D  Mbs  Mbs  Mbs   β L Mbs  if j  4

  i 1 i 2 i 3 i 5 mod  j 2
VSVC  γAREMA  β D  Vwa  Vwa  Vwa   β L Vwa  if j  2

i j   i 1 i 2 i 3 i 5 mod  j 2
γAREMA  β D  Vts  Vts  Vts   β L Vts  if j  2  j  4

  i 1 i 2 i 3 i 5 mod  j 2
γAREMA  β D  Vbs  Vbs  Vbs   β L Vbs  if j  4

  i 1 i 2 i 3 i 5 mod  j 2
PSVC  γAREMA  β D  Pwa  Pwa  Pwa   β L Pwa  if j  2

i j   1 1 1 2 1 3 1 5 mod  j 2
γAREMA  β D  Pts  Pts  Pts   β L Pts  if j  2  j  4

  1 1 1 2 1 3 1 5 mod  j 2
γAREMA  β D  Pbs  Pbs  Pbs   β L Pbs  if j  4

  1 1 1 2 1 3 1 5 mod  j 2

 10.248  46.464  7.513  46.418  10.248  46.464   7.32 22.81 5.38  22.02  7.32 22.81 
   
  7.77  44.243 4.174  11.35  2.697  6.765
  5.55  21.15 1.36  5.28  1.96  3.7

 5.838  42.568 30.149 3.192 24.127 2.968   4.17  19.88 13.81 2.28 11.17 2.12 
 4.452  41.439 54.032 6.524 46.213 7.098
  3.18  19 24.98 4.66 21.8 5.07

   
  3.57  40.814 68.416 8.54 59.446 9.576   2.55  18.48 31.71 6.1 28.17 6.84 
MLFD    3.164  40.642 73.283 9.198 63.849 
10.402  kip
M ft   2.26  18.29 33.98 6.57 30.29 7.43  ft kip
  SVC  
  3.22  40.955 68.603 8.54 59.446 9.576   2.3  18.44 31.79 6.1 28.17 6.84 
 3.696  41.688 54.359 6.407 46.213 7.098   2.64  18.89 25.12 4.61 21.8 5.07 
   
 4.606  42.856 30.593 2.958 24.127 2.968   3.29  19.65 14 2.18 11.17 2.12 
 5.894  44.401 4.244  11.491  2.697  6.765   4.21  20.68 1.39  5.34  1.96  3.7 
   
 7.499  46.404  7.56  46.418  10.248  46.464   5.37  22.01  5.4  22.02  7.32  22.81 
 6.204 3.936 36.85 5.264 33.944 6.356   4.17 3.2 17.27 3.76 16.34 4.54 
   
 4.496 2.228 29.67 3.929 27.153 5.082
  2.95 1.98 13.87 2.86 13.07 3.63

 4.09 1.822 23.187 2.332 20.361 3.808   2.66 1.69 10.8 1.88 9.8 2.72 
 3.096 0.828 17.349 0.328 13.569 2.534
  1.95 0.98 8.01 0.73 6.53 1.81

   
 2.144  0.124 11.964  2.158 6.792 1.274   1.27 0.3 5.41  0.63 3.27 0.91 
VLFD   1.234  1.034 6.897  6.92 0.234  0.234   kip VSVC   0.62  0.35 2.95  2.96 0.1  0.1   kip
   
 0.38  1.888 2.111  11.987  1.274  6.792   0.01 0.96 0.61  5.42  0.91  3.27 
 0.432  2.7  0.328  17.349  2.534  13.569   0.57 1.54  0.73  8.01  1.81  6.53 
   
 1.202  3.47  2.332  23.187  3.808  20.361   1.12 2.09  1.88  10.8  2.72  9.8 
 1.916  4.184  3.929  29.67  5.082  27.153   1.63  2.6  2.86  13.87  3.63  13.07 
   
 2.588  4.856  5.264  36.85  6.356  33.944   2.11 3.08  3.76  17.27  4.54  16.34 
+ Axial - Axial + Axial - Axial + Axial - Axial + Axial - Axial + Axial - Axial + Axial - Axial
 5.141  36.732  1.043  3.304  1.842  4.103   3.672  17.184  1.005  1.972  1.704  2.671 
   
 5.141  36.732  1.043  3.304  1.842  4.103
  3.672  17.184  1.005  1.972  1.704  2.671

 5.141  36.732  1.043  3.304  1.842  4.103   3.672  17.184  1.005  1.972  1.704  2.671 
 5.141  36.732  1.043  3.304  1.842  4.103
  3.672  17.184  1.005  1.972  1.704  2.671

   
 5.141  36.732  1.043  3.304  1.842  4.103   3.672  17.184  1.005  1.972  1.704  2.671 
PLFD   5.141  36.732  1.043  3.304  1.842  4.103   kip PSVC   3.672  17.184  1.005  1.972  1.704  2.671   kip
   
 5.141  36.732  1.043  3.304  1.842  4.103   3.672  17.184  1.005  1.972  1.704  2.671 
 5.141  36.732  1.043  3.304  1.842  4.103   3.672  17.184  1.005  1.972  1.704  2.671 
   
 5.141  36.732  1.043  3.304  1.842  4.103   3.672  17.184  1.005  1.972  1.704  2.671 
 5.141  36.732  1.043  3.304  1.842  4.103   3.672  17.184  1.005  1.972  1.704  2.671 
   
 5.141  36.732  1.043  3.304  1.842  4.103   3.672  17.184  1.005  1.972  1.704  2.671 


Design_Height  Ht  0.5 tbs  tts  Design_Height  5.208  ft Design_Span  13 ft i  1  10 j  1  11
 tbs 0.5   th  twa 0.5 

   9   "BOT" 
  31.25  "MID +" 
    53   "TOP"  -------------------
 twa 0.5   th  tts 0.5   6.5   "LT" 
 Design_Span  twa 0.5   th  tts 0.5  149.5   "RT" 
       -------------------
 twa  0.5   h bs 
t  t  0.5   7   "LT" 
   78   "MID" 
Design_Span  t  0.5   t  t  0.5   149   "RT" 
  wa h bs 
Db
d s.assume  hi  coveri  d v.assume  ds.assume
i 2 i i
 tbs  0.5  d v.assume 
 1 
     
 0.5 Design_Height  31.25  "MID +" 
 Design_Height  t  0.5  d  31.25   "MID -"  exterior wall
ts v.assume4
      
  45.5   "TOP"  -------------------
 5   18.5   "LT" 
CS shear    CS shear     in  
  7      -------------------
 twa 0.5  dv.assume   17.5   "LT" 
 8   78   "MID" 
 138.5   "RT" 
  10 
LB  1 UB  1
j j 1 j j 1
LB  j  1 UB  j
LB UB

j j j
 
for t  t1  t2
t
t
CSt  L trace
l
t
Per t 
L trace  Ltrace
h l
t t
t h h l l
 t t  t
Intforce

MLFD.wall  Intforce CS moment L wa MLFD 1 2 1 4  
VLFD.wall  Intforce CS shear Lwa VLFD 1 2 1 4 

MLFD.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts MLFD 3 4 5 7  
VLFD.ts  Intforce CSshear L ts VLFD 3 4 5 7 

MLFD.bs  Intforce CSmoment Lbs MLFD 5 6 8 10  
VLFD.bs  Intforce CSshear L bs VLFD 5 6 8 10 

MSVC.wall  Intforce CS moment L wa MSVC 1 2 1 4  
VSVC.wall  Intforce CS shear Lwa VSVC 1 2 1 4 

MSVC.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts MSVC 3 4 5 7  
VSVC.ts  Intforce CSshear L ts VSVC 3 4 5 7 

MSVC.bs  Intforce CSmoment Lbs MSVC 5 6 8 10  VSVC.bs  Intforce CSshear L bs VSVC 5 6 8 10
PLFD.wall  Intforce  CS moment L wa PLFD 1 2 1 4 
PLFD.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts PLFD 3 4 5 7 
PLFD.bs  Intforce CSmoment Lbs PLFD 5 6 8 10
PSVC.wall  Intforce  CS moment L wa PSVC 1 2 1 4 
PSVC.ts  Intforce CSmoment Lts PSVC 3 4 5 7 
PSVC.bs  Intforce CSmoment Lbs PSVC 5 6 8 10
MLFD.all  stack MLFD.wall submatrix MLFD.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix MLFD.bs 8 10 5 6  
VLFD.all  stack VLFD.wall submatrix VLFD.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix VLFD.bs 8 10 5 6  
PLFD.all  stack PLFD.wall submatrix PLFD.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix PLFD.bs 8 10 5 6  
MSVC.all  stack MSVC.wall submatrix MSVC.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix MSVC.bs 8 10 5 6  
VSVC.all  stack VSVC.wall submatrix VSVC.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix VSVC.bs 8 10 5 6  
PSVC.all  stack PSVC.wall submatrix PSVC.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix PSVC.bs 8 10 5 6  
MLFD.all  minMLFD M 

3 2  5 2 LFD.all3 2

 
Msr1 Mst  for g  1  10  
Psr1 Pst  for g  1  10

1 otherwise
1 otherwise
Pstr  Pst
Mstr  Mst
g 
g  Case
g 
g 
g  Case
g 
Pstr  1
Mstr
 
Vsr1 Vsr  for g  1  10
g  g 1 g 2 
Vstr

MLFD  Msr1 MLFD.all  VLFD  Vsr1 VLFD.all   
N LFD  Psr1 PLFD.all 
 3.45  36.73   "BOT" 
 43.51       
   1.23   5.14  "MID +" 
 3.16   1.23  36.73   "MID -" 
 40.81  exterior wall
     
   2.92  36.73   "TOP" 
 43.60  -------------------
28.47   3.30   "LT" 
 31.81  VLFD     kip N LFD     kip  
MLFD     kip ft  6.92   1.04   "MID"  top slab
 73.28  28.47   3.30   "RT" 
 31.86        -------------------
  26.33   4.10   "LT" 
 28.65   0.23   1.84   "MID" 
 63.85        bottom slab
  26.33   4.10   "RT" 
 28.65 
Critical Sections Moments, Shears and Axial Forces under Service:

MSVC  Msr1 MSVC.all  VSVC  Vsr1 VSVC.all   N SVC  Psr1 PSVC.all 
 20.591   2.206  17.184   "BOT" 
       
  2.26   0.62   3.672  "MID +" 
 18.29   0.62  17.184   "MID -"  exterior wall
       
 20.144   1.694  17.184   "TOP"  -------------------
 15.045  13.299   1.972   "LT" 
MSVC     kip ft VSVC     kip N SVC     kip  
 33.98   2.96   1.005   "MID"  top slab
 15.07  13.299   1.972   "RT" 
        -------------------
 14.235  12.672   2.671   "LT" 
 30.29   0.1   1.704   "MID"  bottom slab
       
 14.235  12.672   2.671   "RT" 
Md.wa  γAREMA β D Mwa
j   j 1
 Mwa
j 2
 Mwa
j 3
 Mwa 
j 4

Md.ts  γAREMA β D Mts
j   j 1
 Mts  Mts  Mts 
j 2 j 3 j 4

Md.bs  γAREMA β D Mbs  Mbs  Mbs  Mbs 
j   j 1 j 2 j 3 j 4

  
Md  stack Mp.wallsubmatrix Mp.ts 5 7 1 1 submatrix Mp.bs 8 10 1 1  

 4.943   "BOT" 
   
 2.26  "MID +" 
 2.26   "MID -"  exterior wall
   
 3.732   "TOP"  -------------------
 2.572   "LT" 
Md     kip ft  
 33.98   "MID"  top slab
 2.571   "RT" 
    -------------------
 4.915   "LT" 
 30.29   "MID" 
 4.915   "RT" 
1.5
 wc  fc'
Modulus of Elasticity: Ec  33000 ksi  K1    Ec  5250 ksi (STD 9-8)
 kcf  ksi

e min  max 1 in 0.1 hi 
i
 MLFD 
cecc  if emin  
i
"OK" "NG"
i  i NLFD 
 i 
T
 MLFD MLFD 
MLFD  if emin  
i i
MLFD e min  NLFD 
i  i NLFD i i i MLFD 
 i i 
T
MLFD  (  43.506  3.164  40.814  43.597  31.806 73.283  31.865  28.65 63.849  28.65 )  kip ft
Slenderness Effects Evaluation (Walls Only) (AREMA 2.34.2)
Effective Length Factor k  2.0 (STD appendix table C-1)
Radius of Gyration r  0.3 twa r  3.6 in (AREMA 2.34.2b)
 k Ht 
slendercheck  if   22 "OK Ignore Slenderness" "NG Slenderness effects must be considered"  (AREMA 2.34.2d)
 r 
q  1  4
Md
q
β d  T
q MLFD β d  ( 0.114 0.714 0.055 0.086 )
q
3
twa  b Ec Ig
C m  1 Ig  ϕk  0.75 EIq 
12 2.5 1  βd 
  q

2
π  EIq
Pc  (STD 8-43) T
Pc  ( 3489.864 2267.04 3682.448 3579.94 )  kip
 k Ht
q 2
 Cm 
δq  min1.0   T
   NLFD   (STD 8-41) δ  (1 1 1 1 )
 1   q 

   ϕk Pc  
   q  
MLFD  δq  MLFD
Input Bar Size and Spacing From Eriksson Culvert at the critical sections
11   "BOT"  17 

     
5  "MID +"  10 
     
11   "TOP"  ------------------- 17 
11   "LT"  17  in
Bar NO      spacing   
7   "MID"  top slab  5  ft
11   "RT"  17 
    -------------------  
11   "LT"  17 
     
11   "RT"  17 
i  i Bar A  ( 1.56 0.31 1.56 1.56 1.56 0.6 1.56 1.56 1 1.56 )  in

i  i Bar D  ( 1.41 0.625 1.41 1.41 1.41 0.875 1.41 1.41 1.128 1.41 )  in
Effective Depth to the non-prestressed reinforcing
Bar D
i T
d s  h i  coveri  d s  ( 9.29 9.69 9.29 9.29 12.30 12.56 12.30 11.29 11.44 11.29 )  in
i 2
BarD
  i T
i 2
  fc'  4 ksi   
β 1  if fc'  4 ksi 0.85 if fc'  8 ksi 0.65 0.85  0.05  β 1  0.675 Stress Block Factor β (AREMA 2.31.1f)
  ksi 
MLFD
i T
R n  R n  ( 0.56 0.037 0.525 0.561 0.234 0.516 0.234 0.25 0.542 0.25 )  ksi
i 2
ϕf  b d s 
  i

fc'  2 Rn 
i  T
ρreq  0.85  1  1  ρreq  ( 0.0098 0.0006 0.0091 0.0098 0.004 0.009 0.004 0.0042 0.0095 0.0042 )
i fy 0.85 fc' 
 
T 2
i i i
 BarA 
sp req  
i  T
sp req  ( 17.17 51.103 18.359 17.132 31.955 5.32 31.896 32.547 9.241 32.547 )
i  As_req 
 i
T
i  i 

i
Ma  1 kip ft
while Ma  MLFD
i
2 2
2
As_req2  fy
c
0.85 fc' β1 b
 β1 c 
Mn  As_req2  fy d s  
 i 2 

Po  0.85 fc' b h i  As_req  As_req2 fy 
ab  
 87000 psi   β  d
 1 si
 87000 psi  fy 
 hi 
 
Mb  0.85 fc' b  ab  hi  a b  0.5  As_req2 fy d s  
 i 2
Pb  0.85 fc' b  ab  As_req2 fy
Ma  ϕb  Mb if N LFD = ϕb Pb
i
ϕb Mb
ϕb  Mb   N  ϕb Pb if NLFD  ϕb  Pb
ϕo Po  ϕb  Pb  LFDi  i
ϕb Mb  ϕf  Mn
 N LFD  ϕf  Mn if N LFD  ϕb Pb
ϕb  Pb i i
As_req2
1.092 
 
0.083 
1.022 
As.req  As.req_new( i )  
i
1.095 
T
As.req  ( 1.092 0.083 1.022 1.095 0.596 1.356 0.597 0.585 1.301 0.585 )  in
2 0.596  2
As.req     in
1.356 
0.597 
 
0.585 
1.301 
 
0.585 

Bar A
i T
As  As  ( 1.101 0.372 1.101 1.101 1.101 1.44 1.101 1.101 1.333 1.101 )  i
i spacingi
As  fy
i
ci  T
0.85 fc' β1 b c  ( 1.28 0.43 1.28 1.28 1.28 1.67 1.28 1.28 1.55 1.28 )  in
 ds  ci 
 i 
εt  0.003    T
εt  ( 0.019 0.064 0.019 0.019 0.026 0.02 0.026 0.023 0.019 0.023 )
i
 ci 
 ci 
i  ds 
 i 
T
Compute the allowable Moment capacity based on a P-M diagram. Three Points exist on the curve and a
Nominal and Ultimate Pure Moment Capacity (AREMA 2.32.4)

a i  β 1  ci T
a  ( 0.86 0.29 0.86 0.86 0.86 1.13 0.86 0.86 1.05 0.86 )  in
 ai 
Mn  As  fy ds   T
i i  i 2 Mn  ( 48.8 17.75 48.8 48.8 65.32 86.38 65.32 59.81 72.75 59.81 )  kip ft
T
Mr  ϕf  Mn Mr  ( 43.92 15.97 43.92 43.92 58.79 77.75 58.79 53.83 65.48 53.83 )  kip ft
i i
Pure Axial Compression Capacity (AREMA 2.33.2a)

T
Pc  0.85 fc' b h i  As   As  fy Pc  ( 977.1 937.9 977.1 977.1 1206.6 1224.7 1206.6 1130.1 1142.5 1130.1 )  ki
i  i i
Balanced Strain Condition ϕb  ϕf (AREMA 2.33.2c)
 87000 psi   β  d  hi 
a b   87000 psi  f  1 si Pb  0.85 fc' b  ab  As  fy Mb  0.85 fc' b  ab  hi  ab   0.5  As  fy ds  
i
 y i i i i i  i i  i 2
T
Pb  ( 217.99 273.74 217.99 217.99 309.68 297.52 309.68 279.12 269.5 279.12 )  kip
T
Mb  ( 116.22 107.15 116.22 116.22 184.34 196.12 184.34 160.11 166.92 160.11 )  kip ft

Pdia  0 kip ϕb  Pb ϕc Pc  Mdia  ϕf  Mn ϕb Mb 0 kip ft 
i  i i i  i i 

Ma  ϕb  Mb if N LFD = ϕb Pb
i i i i P-M Diagram
800
ϕb Mb
i Ext. Wall Bottom
ϕb  Mb   N LFD  ϕb Pb  if NLFD  ϕb  Pb
i ϕc Pc  ϕb  Pb  i i i i Ext. Wall Mid +
i i
600 Ext. Wall Mid -

ϕb  Mb  ϕf  Mn Ext. Wall Top
i i
 N LFD  ϕf  Mn if N LFD  ϕb Pb
ϕb Pb i i i i
i
400
ϕi  ϕb if N LFD  Pb
i i
ϕo  ϕb 200
 NLFD  Pb   ϕb if NLFD  Pb
Pc  Pb  i i i i
i i
0
0 50 100 150
T
ϕ  ( 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 )
T
Ma  ( 55.28 17.65 55.28 55.28 60.06 78.13 60.06 55.3 66.12 55.3 )  kip ft
ccap  if Ma  MLFD "OK" "NG"  T

fc'
Modulus of Rupture: fr  7.5psi fr  0.65 ksi (AREMA 2.26.1a)
psi

b hi 3
Ig 
i 12
yi 
Neutral Axis 2
Ig
i
i yi
i i 1.2  Mcr  ( 18.71 18.71 18.71 18.71 29.23 29.23 29.23 25.46 25.46 25.46 )  kip ft
c2.7  if Ma  1.2 Mcr "OK" "NG"  (AREMA 2.7)

i  i i 
T
c2.7  ( "OK" "NG" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

Allowable stress in reinforcement
Z Es
Aten  2  dc  spacingi ft fss.allow  n 
i i i 3 AREMA EQ 2-60 Ec
d c  Aten
i i
The function below solves for the neutral axis and determines stress in rebar
 hi 
Fss( i )  xc  MSVC  NSVC  ds  
i i  i 2
As
i
ps 
12 ds
i
1
c1  N SVC  d s  ( lbf  in)
i i
1
c2  3  xc  3  NSVC  ds   ( lbf  in)
 i i
 
1
2
c3  6  n xc p s lbf  in
0.2 ds
i
x1 
in
count  0
while count  10
count  count  1
3 2
fx  c1  x1  c2 x1  c3  x1  c3
2
ffx  3  c1 x1  2c2 x1  c3
fx
x2  x1 
ff x
break if x2  x1  0.01
x1  x2
x2
cj  1 
3
xc
Fss  n  
1 
 1  2
 x2  12in ds   x2 cj
2
i  
Fss

Calculate stress for specific bars and set up the table
List of bars to consider

T
Bar  ( "A1" "A2" "A100" "A200" "B1" )
Service moment
T
Momentcc  MSVC MSVC MSVC MSVC MSVC 
 4 1 6 9 2
Service stress in bar

Fss  Fss( 4 ) Fss( 1 ) Fss( 6 ) Fss( 9 ) Fss( 2 ) T
Allowable stress for crack control
T
Fssallow  fss.allow fss.allow fss.allow fss.allow fss.allow 
 4 1 6 9 2 
Table headers and creation of table

"Bar" "Moment" "Fss" "Allow" 
Headers   
 "" "kip-ft" "ksi" "ksi" 
  Momentcc Fss Fssallow 
Crack_control  stackHeaders augment Bar    
  kip ft ksi ksi 
Output table
 "Bar" "Moment" "Fss" "Allow" 
 "" "kip-ft" "ksi" "ksi"

 
 "A1"  20.14 17.55 20.67 
Crack_control   "A2"  20.59 18.12 20.67 
 
"A100" 33.98 24.47 33.32 
"A200" 30.29 25.58 26.48 
 
 "B1"  2.26 2.80 27.39 
checkcc  if Fsscc  Fssallow "OK" "NG" 

cc  cc 
T
checkcc  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

Temperature and Shrinkage Reinforcement (AREMA 2.12) ii  1  3
Spacing From
ET Culvert
5  10  "C1-Bottom Slab" 
     
T
ii  ii
T 2
ii  ii
BarA.ts 2
ii T in
As.ts  As.ts  ( 0.372 0.372 0.372 ) 
ii spacingts ft
ii
Required area of temperature and shrinkage steel in each face

2
in
As.ts.req  0.25
ft
Maximum spacing not more than three times the wall or slab thickness, nor 18 inches
 
smax.ts  min 3 min twa tts tbs 18in  18 in  
Check temperature and shrinkage steel requirements

T
checkA.ts  if As.ts.req  As.ts "OK" "NG"  checkA.ts  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" )
ii  ii 
Longitudinal Reinforcement (AREMA 16.5.4)

Minimum longitudinal reinforcement shall be 0.4% of concrete cross section for fill depths less than or equal to 10 ft. For fill
depths greater than 10 ft, increase percentage proportionally to 1.0% for fills of 100 ft.
LRreq  0.4% if Hs  10ft LRreq  0.4 %
0.6%
100 ft  10ft
 
 H s  10ft  0.4% otherwise
Half of this requirement shall be provided on each face of the slab or wall

max twa tts tbs  in
2
As.lr.req  LRreq  0.36
2 ft
T
checkA.ts  if As.lr.req  As.ts "OK" "NG"  checkA.ts  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" )
ii  ii 
Distribution Reinforcement (STD 3.24.10)

Additional distribution reinforcement not required where depth of fill over the slab exceeds 2 feet.

6.9 Shear Strength Check AREMA 2.35.2
For fill depths greater than 2 ft, Vc may be computed by the following equations for box culverts
 fc' As  VLFD  d s  Vu  d
Vc  2.14psi  min1    d  b
i i i
 4600psi shall not be taken greater than 1
i  psi b ds  MLFD  si Mu
 i  i 
Vc shall not exceed 4 and

fc for single cell box culverts, Vc need not be taken less than 3 fc
fc' fc'
Vc.min  3 psi  b d s Vc.max  4 psi  b ds
i psi i i psi i
Vc  minmax Vc.min Vc  Vc.max 

i   i i i
i i
T
Vr  ( 24.63 25.67 24.63 24.63 32.58 33.29 32.58 29.93 30.31 29.93 )  kip
csh  if Vr  VLFD "OK" "NG"  T


Basic development length
 0.04 BarA  fy 
l db  max
 4

0.0004
 BarD  fy

 lbf  fc' psi 4 
  l db  43.232 in
Modification for well spaced reinforcement

Modspc  if spacing  6
in 
0.8 1
4
 ft 
Modspc  0.8
Horizontal bars
Zero moment point from negative moment envelope Inflectionpoint.h  27.2in
Modification for top bars Modtop  1.4
Development length l d  ldb Modtop Modspc l d  48.42  in
Splice length for a Class C splice 
Splice  max 1.7 l d 12in  Splice  82.314 in
Horizontal leg required for development
H leg.A1.d  Splice  twa  coverwe  0.5in H leg.A1.d  7.651 ft
Extension Length for negative moment reinforcing

Exlength  max 12 Bar D 0.0625 Clear_Span tts  coverte  0.5in Exlength  16.92  in
 4 
Horizontal leg required for negative moment reinforcing
H leg.A1.nm  twa 0.5  coverwe  0.5in  Inflectionpoint.h  Exlength  0.9in if W  5 ft H leg.A1.nm  4.043 ft
 
W  twa  coverwe  0.5in  2 otherwise
Horizontal leg of A1 bars


H leg.A1  max H leg.A1.nm Hleg.A1.d  H leg.A1  7.651 ft
Vertical bars
Development length l d  ldb Modspc l d  34.586 in
Splice length for a Class C splice 
Splice  max 1.7 l d 12in  Splice  58.796 in
Vleg.A1  tts  coverte  0.5in  Splice if Ht  6 ft Vleg.A1  5.491 ft
Ht 0.5  tts  coverte  0.5in  Splice 0.5 otherwise

6.11 Fatigue Analysis AREMA 2.38
Check for reversal in stress
Stress_reversali  if MSVC.all  MSVC.all  0 "Yes" "No" 

 i 1 i 2 
T
Stress_reversal  ( "No" "No" "No" "No" "No" "No" "No" "No" "No" "No" )
Algebraic minimum stress level

Mmin  if  MSVC.all  MSVC.all MSVC.all MSVC.all 
i  i 1 i 2 i 2 i 1

2  ρreq n  ρreq n    2  ρreq n
cj  1 
3
Mmin
i
fs.min 
i cj  d s  As_req
i i i
T
fs.min  (  6.453  39.508  3.146  4.861  4.572 5.094  4.562  9.707 6.611  9.707 )  ksi
Change in stress between maximum positive and maximum negative

Mchg  MSVC.all  MSVC.all
i i 1 i 2
Mchg
i
fs.chg 
i cj  d s  As_req
i i i
T
fs.chg  ( 20.43 280.231 22.314 21.382 22.176 21.251 22.181 18.408 20.339 18.408 )  ksi
Allowable stress range

fr  21ksi  0.33 fs.min  2.4ksi AREMA 2.38a
T
fr  ( 25.53 36.438 24.438 25.004 24.909 21.719 24.906 26.603 21.218 26.603 )  ksi
Check fatigue
checkfatigue  if i = 2 "NC" if fr  fs.chg "OK" "NG" 
i   i i  Fatigue check not done at inside face of wall
T
checkfatigue  ( "OK" "NC" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

QC Comparison table
Steel reinforcement Flexural strength check Shear strength check Crack control
2
As.req  1.356  in Ma  78.13  kip ft Vr  32.58  kip fss.allow  33.32  ksi
6 6 5 6
2 Ma  60.06  kip ft Vr  30.31  kip fss.allow  26.48  ksi
As.req  1.301  in 5 9 9
9
Ma  66.12  kip ft Vr  29.93  kip fss.allow  27.39  ksi
2 9 8 2
As.req  1.092  in
2 8 1 4
As.req  1.095  in
2 1 2 1
in
As.lr.req  0.360  Ma  17.65  kip ft Vr  24.63  kip
ft 2 4
2 Ma  55.28  kip ft
in 4
As.lr.req  0.360 
ft
2
in
As.lr.req  0.360 
ft

Eriksson
Culvert
2
Flexural Steel Requirement (mm /m)
Top Slab-Bar A100 2480 2518 -1.5%
Bottom Slab-Bar A200 2298 2333 -1.5%
16.5.4 Longitudinal Reinforcement (mm2/m)

Ext. Walls and Bottom Slab-Bar C1 300 300 0.0%
Top Slab-Bar C100 300 300 0.0%
Bottom Slab-Bar C200 300 300 0.0%

5.7.3.2 Allowable Moment Capacity (kN*m)

5.8.3.3 Shear Capacity (kN)
Exterior Wall Top 194.0 196.5 -1.3%

By:RAA
Job No. : 7 File: QC Problem 7.etc p. 1 of 4
Spec.: CSA-S6-06
Physical Dimensions
Clear Span: 6.00 m
Clear Height: 3.00 m
Top Slab: 0.30 m
Bottom Slab: 0.30 m
Ext. Wall: 254 mm z
3.00 m
Fill Depth: 1.00 m
x
Length: 3.00 m
Top Haunch, Width: 203 mm
Top Haunch, Height: 203 mm
Bottom Haunch, Width: 203 mm
Bottom Haunch, Height: 203 mm 6.51 m
Material Properties
Concrete
Strength, f'c: 35.00 MPa
Density: 2447 kg/m3 Plan View
Elasticity, Ec: 27053 MPa
Type: Normal wt
Steel
Yield, fy: 400 MPa
0.30 m
Allow Stress: 180 MPa
Elasticity, Es: 200000 MPa
Soil
Density: 2243 kg/m3
y
Ext. Cover Top Slab: 51 mm
3.00 m
Ext. Cover Bottom Slab 25 mm x
Ext. Cover Walls 25 mm
Int. Cover Walls 25 mm
Int. Top Slab 25 mm
Int. Cover Bottom Slab 25 mm
0.30 m
Loads
Live Load
Vehicle Names: CL-625 Design 254 mm 6.00 m 254 mm
Max No. of Lanes: 1
Dead Load
Future Wearing Surface: 0.00 kN/m Typical Section
Additional Dead Load: 0.00 kN/m
Lateral Soil Loads
Horiz Arching Factor Max: 0.50
Horiz. Arching Factor Min: 0.30

By:RAA
Concrete Summary
Volume of Concrete: 5.574 m3/m Total Volume of Concrete: 16.721 m3
Reinforcing Steel Bar Schedule (kg)

Top Slab(Int) A100 15 25 200 mm S 6.45 m -- -- 379.7
Bot Slab(Int) A200 24 20 125 mm S 6.45 m -- -- 364.7
Top Slab(Ext) A300 10 10 300 mm S 6.45 m -- -- 50.8
Bot Slab(Ext) A400 10 10 300 mm S 6.45 m -- -- 50.8
Corner(Top) A1 22 25 275 mm L 2.62 m 1.37 m 1.24 m 225.9
Corner(Bot) A2 22 25 275 mm L 2.59 m 1.32 m 1.27 m 223.6
Wall(Int) B1 28 10 225 mm S 3.18 m -- -- 69.9
Wall(Ext) B2 22 25 275 mm S 3.02 m -- -- 260.8
Longit. Top (Int) C100 14 10 0.45 m S 3.00 m -- -- 33.1
Longit. Bot (Int) C200 14 10 0.45 m S 3.00 m -- -- 33.1
Longit. Top (Ext) C1 21 10 300 mm S 3.00 m -- -- 49.4
Longit. Bot (Ext) C1 21 10 300 mm S 3.00 m -- -- 49.4
Longit. Wall (Ext) C1 24 10 300 mm S 3.00 m -- -- 56.4
Longit. Wall (Int) C1 24 10 300 mm S 3.00 m -- -- 56.4
1904
254 mm 21 C1 Bars @ 300 mm 254 mm 0.33 m 14 C100 Bars @ 0.45 m 0.33 m

155 mm
155 mm
155 mm
155 mm
155 mm 12 C1 Bars @ 300 mm
155 mm 12 C1 Bars @ 300 mm
155 mm 12 C1 Bars @ 300 mm
155 mm 12 C1 Bars @ 300 mm

254 mm 21 C1 Bars @ 300 mm 254 mm 0.33 m 14 C200 Bars @ 0.45 m 0.33 m

By:RAA
11 B2 Bars @ 275 mm 125 mm
11 B2 Bars @ 275 mm 125 mm
38 mm
38 mm
38 mm 14 B1 Bars @ 225 mm
38 mm 14 B1 Bars @ 225 mm
125 mm
125 mm
150 mm
100 mm
150 mm 10 A300 Bars @ 300 mm
100 mm 15 A100 Bars @ 200 mm

150 mm 10 A400 Bars @ 300 mm 150 mm
63 mm
62 mm 24 A200 Bars @ 125 mm

By:RAA
125 mm
125 mm
125 mm
125 mm
11 A1 Bars @ 275 mm
11 A1 Bars @ 275 mm
125 mm 11 A2 Bars @ 275 mm
125 mm 11 A2 Bars @ 275 mm

125 mm
125 mm

Filename: QC Problem 7.etc Culvert p. 1 of 9
Job No.: 7
CULVERT PROPERTIES
==================
Type of Culvert: Precast Specification : CSA-S6-06
Physical Dimensions
-------------------
Clear Span : 6.00 m Fill Depth : 1.000m
Clear Height: 3.00 m Skew Angle : 0.00 deg
Length : 3.00 m Bottom Slab Support: Full Slab
Haunches: Top, Length: 203 mm Height: 203 mm
Bottom, Length: 203 mm Height: 203 mm
Minimum Thicknesses: Top Slab: 0 mm Bot Slab: 0 mm
Ext Wall: 0 mm
Wall Joint: None
Material Properties
-------------------
Concrete: Strength,f'c : 35.000 MPa Density : 2447 kg/m3 Elasticity,Ec: 27053 MPa
Type : Normal-Density Exposure : Moderate
Max Crack Width : 0.250000 mm
Steel: Yield,fy : 400.0 MPa fss Limit : 6.9fy Elasticity,Es: 200000 MPa
Yield,fyv : 400.0 MPa Diameter : 25 mm Type : Rebar
Soil: Density : 2243 kg/m3 Vertical Arching Factor: 1.20 (B1 Installation)
Poisson's : 0.5
Loads
-----
Live Load: Vehicle: (AA) CL-625 Design - Design Vehicle
Axle No. Weight(kN) Dist. From Previous(m)
1 174.99 0.00
Gage Width: 1.80 m, Tread Width: 600 mm, Tread Length: 250 mm
Include Tandem: yes
Tandem: Axle 1: 124.99 kN, Axle 2: 124.99 kN, Axle Spacing: 1.20 m
Override DLA: no
Max. No. of Lanes: Computed by Program Max. No. of Lanes: 1
Dead Load: Future Wearing Surface : 0.00 kN/m Add. Dead Load : 0.00 kN/m
Lateral Soil Loads: Horizontal Arching Factor, Min: 0.30 Max: 0.50 (B1 Installation)
Buoyancy Check : no
---------------------------
Max Min
DC: 1.100 0.950
DW: 1.500 0.650
EV: 1.250 0.800
EH: 1.250 0.800
WA: 1.100
LL: 1.700
Phi Steel : 0.900 Phi Concrete: 0.800
Reinforcement
-------------
Top Slab: 51 mm 25 mm
Walls : 25 mm 25 mm
Bot Slab: 25 mm 25 mm
Design Options
--------------
Ext. Wall: Variable
LL Analysis : Automatically Set Distribution Width to Account for Skew Effects: no
Limit Distribution Width to Culvert Length for Fills > 0.61 m: no
Combine Longitudinal Axle Overlaps for Fills > 0.61 m: yes
Combine Transverse Axle Overlaps for Fills > 0.61 m: no


DESIGN RESULTS
==============
Top Slab Thickness = 305 mm (from CL-625 Design truck)
Bottom Slab Thickness = 305 mm (from CL-625 Design truck)
Exterior Wall Thickness = 254 mm (from CL-625 Design truck)
Design Span = 6.25 m Design Height = 3.30 m
Design Fill Depth = 1.00 m
Volume of Concrete: 5.574 m3/m Weight of Steel: 628 kg/m
ASTM M dimension = 2 m
--------------------------
Bar Spacing As,prv As,rqd Length Mass H Leg V Leg Truck
Location Mark Qty Size Type (mm) (mm2/m) (mm2/m) (m) (kg) (m) (m)
Top Slab (int) A100 (AS2) 15 25 STR 200 2500 2480 6.45 380 AA
Bot Slab (int) A200 (AS3) 24 20 STR 125 2400 2298 6.45 365 AA
Top Slab (ext) A300 (AS7) 10 10 STR 300 333 300 6.45 51 AA
Bot Slab (ext) A400 (AS8) 10 10 STR 300 333 300 6.45 51 AA
Corner (Top) A1 (AS1) 22 25 L-BAR 275 1818 1720 2.62 226 1.37 1.24 AA
Corner (Bottom) A2 (AS1) 22 25 L-BAR 275 1818 1287 2.59 224 1.32 1.27 AA
Ext Wall (int) B1 (AS4) 28 10 STR 225 444 423 3.18 70 AA
Ext Wall (ext) B2 (AS1) 22 25 STR 275 1818 1032 3.02 261 AA
Top Slab (int- 1) C100 (AS5) 14 10 STR 450 222 0 3.00 33 AA
Bot Slab (int- 1) C200 14 10 STR 450 222 0 3.00 33 AA
Temperature ( 1) C1 (AS6) 21 10 STR 300 333 300 3.00 49 AA
Total 1904
AS Bar Marks
----------------
Location Controling Case Req Area mm2/m
--------------------
Bar Splice Length
Mark Size (m)
B1 10 0.36
C1 10 0.36
C100 10 0.36
C200 10 0.36

----------------------------------
Member 1: (Exterior Wall), Thickness = 254 mm
Design Corr. Fill
(mm) (kN-m) (kN) (kN-m) (mm) (kN-m) (mm2) (kN-m) (m)
BOT 355 -118.83 225.2 132.05 216 152.91 1818a 30.53 AA 1.00
MID 1652 0.00 88.8 35.16 223 45.63 444b 30.53 AA 1.00
MID- 1652 -102.01 225.2 132.05 216 152.91 1818a 30.53 AA 1.00
TOP 355 -117.25 225.2 132.05 216 152.91 1818a 30.53 AA 1.00
Member 2: (Top Slab), Thickness = 305 mm
Design Corr. Fill
LT 330 -72.03 36.5 148.28 241 152.75 1818a 43.96 AA 1.00
MID 3127 224.03 14.4 222.34 267 223.95* 2500a 43.96 AA 1.00
RT 330 -72.03 36.5 148.28 241 152.75 1818a 43.96 AA 1.00

Member 4: (Bottom Slab), Thickness = 305 mm
Design Corr. Fill
LT 330 -72.57 64.2 165.30 267 173.11 1818a 43.96 AA 1.00
MID 3127 211.24 35.3 216.61 270 220.59 2400a 43.96 AA 1.00
RT 330 -72.57 64.2 165.30 267 173.11 1818a 43.96 AA 1.00
Critical Sections Summary: Vertical Shear:
------------------------------------------
Loc Dist. Shear Moment A. F. Dv Vn Beta Vc Vs Av Spac Truck Depth
(mm) (kN) (kN-m) (kN) (mm) (kN) (kN) (mm2) (mm) (m)
BOT 572 40.7 -118.8 225.2 195 190.1 0.206 190.1a 0.0 0 0 AA 1.00
MID 1652 6.3 0.0 88.8 201 411.9 0.433 411.9a 0.0 0 0 AA 1.00
MID- 1652 6.3 -102.0 225.2 195 215.6 0.234 215.6a 0.0 0 0 AA 1.00
TOP 572 -28.3 -117.3 225.2 195 194.0 0.210 194.0a 0.0 0 0 AA 1.00
LT 571 188.8 -72.0 36.5 219 218.3 0.210 218.3a 0.0 0 0 AA 1.00
MID 3127 30.0 224.0 14.4 240 196.2 0.172 196.2a 0.0 0 0 AA 1.00
RT 571 188.8 -72.0 36.5 219 218.3 0.210 218.3a 0.0 0 0 AA 1.00
LT 597 175.2 -72.6 64.2 240 248.8 0.219 248.8a 0.0 0 0 AA 1.00
MID 3127 1.0 211.2 35.3 243 206.3 0.179 206.3a 0.0 0 0 AA 1.00
RT 597 175.2 -72.6 64.2 240 248.8 0.219 248.8a 0.0 0 0 AA 1.00
Vc Calculation By: a - Direct Beta

========================================================================================================
Design Results: Fill Depth = 1.00 m
========================================================================================================
Applied Horizontal Loads: (kN/m)
------------------------
Unfactored Moments due to All Loads: (kN-m) Unfactored Shears due to All Loads: (kN)
----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
Bottom Bottom
1- 0 -26.71 -44.97 0.00 -10.18 0.21 0.00 1- 0 5.1 0.0 0.0 44.2 -0.7 0.0
1- 1 -25.03 -44.97 0.00 2.58 0.00 0.00 1- 1 5.1 0.0 0.0 33.0 -0.6 0.0
1- 2 -23.34 -44.97 0.00 11.77 -0.18 0.00 1- 2 5.1 0.0 0.0 22.6 -0.5 0.0
1- 3 -21.66 -44.97 0.00 17.68 -0.32 0.00 1- 3 5.1 0.0 0.0 13.1 -0.4 0.0
1- 4 -19.97 -44.97 0.00 20.59 -0.42 0.00 1- 4 5.1 0.0 0.0 4.5 -0.2 0.0
1- 5 -18.29 -44.97 0.00 20.79 -0.48 0.00 1- 5 5.1 0.0 0.0 -3.3 -0.1 0.0
1- 6 -16.60 -44.97 0.00 18.57 -0.48 0.00 1- 6 5.1 0.0 0.0 -10.2 0.1 0.0
1- 7 -14.92 -44.97 0.00 14.20 -0.41 0.00 1- 7 5.1 0.0 0.0 -16.2 0.3 0.0
1- 8 -13.23 -44.97 0.00 7.98 -0.27 0.00 1- 8 5.1 0.0 0.0 -21.4 0.5 0.0
1- 9 -11.55 -44.97 0.00 0.19 -0.06 0.00 1- 9 5.1 0.0 0.0 -25.7 0.8 0.0
1-10 -9.86 -44.97 0.00 -8.88 0.24 0.00 1-10 5.1 0.0 0.0 -29.2 1.0 0.0
Top Top
Left Left
2- 0 -9.86 -44.97 0.00 -9.12 0.24 0.00 2- 0 24.0 82.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2- 1 3.16 1.49 0.00 -9.12 0.24 0.00 2- 1 18.3 66.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2- 2 13.18 37.62 0.00 -9.12 0.24 0.00 2- 2 13.7 49.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2- 3 20.33 63.43 0.00 -9.12 0.24 0.00 2- 3 9.1 33.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2- 4 24.62 78.92 0.00 -9.12 0.24 0.00 2- 4 4.6 16.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2- 5 26.05 84.08 0.00 -9.12 0.24 0.00 2- 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2- 6 24.62 78.92 0.00 -9.12 0.24 0.00 2- 6 -4.6 -16.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2- 7 20.33 63.43 0.00 -9.12 0.24 0.00 2- 7 -9.1 -33.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2- 8 13.18 37.62 0.00 -9.12 0.24 0.00 2- 8 -13.7 -49.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2- 9 3.16 1.49 0.00 -9.12 0.24 0.00 2- 9 -18.3 -66.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2-10 -9.86 -44.97 0.00 -9.12 0.24 0.00 2-10 -24.0 -82.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Right Right
Left Left
4- 0 -26.71 -44.97 0.00 -10.18 0.21 0.00 4- 0 44.1 82.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4- 1 -1.87 1.49 0.00 -10.18 0.21 0.00 4- 1 35.3 66.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4- 2 17.45 37.62 0.00 -10.18 0.21 0.00 4- 2 26.5 49.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4- 3 31.24 63.43 0.00 -10.18 0.21 0.00 4- 3 17.7 33.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4- 4 39.52 78.92 0.00 -10.18 0.21 0.00 4- 4 8.8 16.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4- 5 42.28 84.08 0.00 -10.18 0.21 0.00 4- 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4- 6 39.52 78.92 0.00 -10.18 0.21 0.00 4- 6 -8.8 -16.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4- 7 31.24 63.43 0.00 -10.18 0.21 0.00 4- 7 -17.7 -33.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4- 8 17.45 37.62 0.00 -10.18 0.21 0.00 4- 8 -26.5 -49.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4- 9 -1.87 1.49 0.00 -10.18 0.21 0.00 4- 9 -35.3 -66.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
4-10 -26.71 -44.97 0.00 -10.18 0.21 0.00 4-10 -44.1 -82.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Right Right
Unfactored Thrusts due to All Loads: (kN)
-----------------------------------
1 -24.0 -82.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 5.1 0.0 0.0 -29.2 1.0 0.0
4 -5.1 0.0 0.0 -44.2 0.7 0.0
------------------------------------------ Analysis Truck, CL-625 Design ----------------------------------
No. (kN/m) (m) Previous (m)
Truck 1 26.63 2.00
Tandem 1 23.36 3.20

--------------------
Distribution Width : 3.55 m

Truck Impact Factor: 0.20 Tandem Impact Factor: 0.15
Distribution Width : 4.75 m
Lane Load: 0.00 kN/m

-------------------------------------------
No. (kN) (m) Left End (m) No. (kN) (m) Left End (m)
Truck 1 8.12 2.00 3.13 Truck 1 8.12 2.00 2.88
Maximum +Moment : 155.60 kN-m Maximum -Moment : -74.65 kN-m
Corresponding Moment at End : -73.92 kN-m Corresponding Moment at Mid : 153.41 kN-m
Coincident Bottom Slab Load : 8.5 kN/m Coincident Bottom Slab Load : 8.5 kN/m
Truck 1 8.12 2.00 1.00 Truck 1 8.12 2.00 5.25
Maximum +Shear : 45.26 kN Maximum -Shear : -45.26 kN
Corresponding Shear at Mid : -8.00 kN Corresponding Shear at Mid : 8.00 kN
Maximum Deflection in Top Slab = 2.34 mm
No. (kN) Left End (m)
Truck 1 0.0 3.13
Tandem 1 7.12 3.20 3.13 Tandem 1 7.12 3.20 2.85
Maximum +Moment : 188.30 kN-m Maximum -Moment : -97.96 kN-m
Corresponding Moment at End : -97.28 kN-m Corresponding Moment at Mid : 186.38 kN-m
Tandem 1 7.12 3.20 1.60 Tandem 1 7.12 3.20 4.65
Maximum +Shear : 56.28 kN Maximum -Shear : -56.28 kN
Corresponding Shear at Mid : -16.76 kN Corresponding Shear at Mid : 16.76 kN
Maximum Deflection in Top Slab = 3.04 mm
No. (kN) Left End (m)
Tandem 1 0.0 3.13
Unfactored Moments and Shears due to Truck Loads: (kN-m, kN)

-----------------------------------------------
Truck Tandem Lane
Bottom
1- 0 0.00 -16.96 1.9 -2.9 0.00 -22.22 1.7 -3.3 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
1- 1 0.00 -16.44 1.9 -2.9 0.00 -22.25 1.7 -3.3 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
1- 2 0.00 -16.37 1.9 -2.9 0.00 -22.34 1.7 -3.3 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
1- 3 0.00 -16.80 1.9 -2.9 0.00 -22.88 1.7 -3.3 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
1- 4 0.00 -17.48 1.9 -2.9 0.00 -23.70 1.7 -3.3 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
1- 5 0.00 -18.28 1.9 -2.9 0.00 -24.63 1.7 -3.3 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
1- 6 0.00 -19.12 1.9 -2.9 0.00 -25.63 1.7 -3.3 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
1- 7 0.00 -20.01 1.9 -2.9 0.00 -26.68 1.7 -3.3 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
1- 8 0.00 -20.92 1.9 -2.9 0.00 -27.73 1.7 -3.3 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
1- 9 0.00 -21.83 1.9 -2.9 0.00 -28.79 1.7 -3.3 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
1-10 0.19 -22.75 1.9 -2.9 0.17 -29.86 1.7 -3.3 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Top
Left
2- 0 0.19 -22.75 45.3 0.0 0.17 -29.86 56.3 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
2- 1 11.35 -7.42 40.0 -0.7 9.98 -8.69 48.7 -0.7 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
2- 2 26.78 0.00 34.5 -3.1 29.74 0.00 40.9 -2.7 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
2- 3 38.12 0.00 28.9 -7.0 45.02 0.00 33.0 -6.1 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
2- 4 45.07 0.00 23.3 -12.2 54.24 0.00 25.2 -11.1 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
2- 5 47.43 0.00 17.7 -17.7 57.39 0.00 17.7 -17.7 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
2- 6 45.07 0.00 12.2 -23.3 54.24 0.00 11.1 -25.2 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
2- 7 38.12 0.00 7.0 -28.9 45.02 0.00 6.1 -33.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
2- 8 26.78 0.00 3.1 -34.5 29.74 0.00 2.7 -40.9 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
2- 9 11.35 -7.42 0.7 -40.0 9.98 -8.69 0.7 -48.7 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
2-10 0.19 -22.75 0.0 -45.3 0.17 -29.86 0.0 -56.3 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Right
Left

4- 0 0.00 -16.96 27.2 0.0 0.00 -22.22 38.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
4- 1 2.61 -1.65 21.9 0.0 3.01 -1.44 30.5 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
4- 2 14.02 0.00 16.6 0.0 19.17 0.00 23.1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
4- 3 22.15 0.00 11.2 0.0 30.67 0.00 15.6 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
4- 4 27.02 0.00 5.9 0.0 37.57 0.00 8.1 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
4- 5 28.64 0.00 0.6 -0.6 39.87 0.00 0.6 -0.6 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
4- 6 27.02 0.00 0.0 -5.9 37.57 0.00 0.0 -8.1 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
4- 7 22.15 0.00 0.0 -11.2 30.67 0.00 0.0 -15.6 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
4- 8 14.02 0.00 0.0 -16.6 19.17 0.00 0.0 -23.1 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
4- 9 2.61 -1.65 0.0 -21.9 3.01 -1.44 0.0 -30.5 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
4-10 0.00 -16.96 0.0 -27.2 0.00 -22.22 0.0 -38.0 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
Right

--------------------
Bar Moment Calculated Allowable
Crack Width Crack Width
Mark Location (kN/m) (mm) (mm)
A1 Top Corner Bar -84.6 0.234819 0.250000
A2 Bot Corner Bar -88.8 0.250011 0.250000*
A100 Top Slab (int) 158.4 0.233876 0.250000
A300 Top Slab (ext) 0.0 0.000000 0.250000
A200 Bot Slab (int) 156.1 0.171331 0.250000
A400 Bot Slab (ext) 0.0 0.000000 0.250000
B1 Ext Wall (int) -28.6 0.000000 0.250000
B2 Ext Wall (ext) -68.0 0.175582 0.250000

--------------------------------------------------
Design Corr.
(mm) (kN-m) (kN) (kN-m) (mm) (kN-m) (mm2) (kN-m)
BOT 355 -118.83 225.2 132.05 216 152.91 1818a 30.53
MID 1652 0.00 88.8 35.16 223 45.63 444b 30.53
MID- 1652 -102.01 225.2 132.05 216 152.91 1818a 30.53
TOP 355 -117.25 225.2 132.05 216 152.91 1818a 30.53
Design Corr.
LT 330 -72.03 36.5 148.28 241 152.75 1818a 43.96
MID 3127 224.03 14.4 222.34 267 223.95* 2500a 43.96
RT 330 -72.03 36.5 148.28 241 152.75 1818a 43.96
Design Corr.
LT 330 -72.57 64.2 165.30 267 173.11 1818a 43.96
MID 3127 211.24 35.3 216.61 270 220.59 2400a 43.96
RT 330 -72.57 64.2 165.30 267 173.11 1818a 43.96
---------------------------------------------------------
Loc Dist. Shear Moment A. F. Dv Vn Beta Theta Vc Vs Av Spac
(mm) (kN) (kN-m) (kN) (mm) (kN) (kN) (kN) (mm2) (mm)
BOT 572 40.7 -118.8 225.2 195 190.1 0.206 2.67 190.1a 0.0 0 0
MID 1652 6.3 0.0 88.8 201 411.9 0.433 2.34 411.9a 0.0 0 0
MID- 1652 6.3 -102.0 225.2 195 215.6 0.234 2.58 215.6a 0.0 0 0
TOP 572 -28.3 -117.3 225.2 195 194.0 0.210 2.66 194.0a 0.0 0 0
LT 571 188.8 -72.0 36.5 219 218.3 0.210 2.98 218.3a 0.0 0 0
MID 3127 30.0 224.0 14.4 240 196.2 0.172 3.44 196.2a 0.0 0 0
RT 571 188.8 -72.0 36.5 219 218.3 0.210 2.98 218.3a 0.0 0 0
LT 597 175.2 -72.6 64.2 240 248.8 0.219 3.21 248.8a 0.0 0 0
MID 3127 1.0 211.2 35.3 243 206.3 0.179 3.44 206.3a 0.0 0 0
RT 597 175.2 -72.6 64.2 240 248.8 0.219 3.21 248.8a 0.0 0 0
Vc Calculation By: a - Direct Beta
>>>Warning: Overstress due to fixed thickness

Load Combination Results at Tenth Points: (kN-m, kN)
----------------------------------------
Bottom
1- 0 -73.712 -136.081 88.82 225.22 64.18 35.33
1- 1 -56.513 -119.501 88.82 225.22 50.14 26.34
1- 2 -43.431 -110.449 88.82 225.22 37.18 18.05
1- 3 -34.445 -104.790 88.82 225.22 25.30 10.45
1- 4 -29.206 -101.998 88.82 225.22 14.51 3.54
1- 5 -27.357 -101.569 88.82 225.22 6.27 -4.16
1- 6 -28.539 -103.195 88.82 225.22 0.74 -12.79
1- 7 -32.397 -106.609 88.82 225.22 -4.09 -20.34
1- 8 -38.572 -111.520 88.82 225.22 -8.23 -26.82
1- 9 -46.707 -117.707 88.82 225.22 -11.69 -32.21
1-10 -56.030 -128.920 88.82 225.22 -14.44 -36.52
Top
Left
2- 0 -56.338 -129.218 29.84 36.52 225.22 88.82
2- 1 17.336 -20.838 14.44 36.52 185.38 70.21
2- 2 104.779 31.215 14.44 31.62 146.46 52.65
2- 3 170.888 58.657 14.44 31.62 107.46 35.10
2- 4 210.633 75.122 14.44 31.62 68.57 4.90
2- 5 224.026 80.610 14.44 31.62 30.03 -30.03
2- 6 210.633 75.122 14.44 31.62 -4.90 -68.57
2- 7 170.888 58.657 14.44 31.62 -35.10 -107.46
2- 8 104.779 31.215 14.44 31.62 -52.65 -146.46
2- 9 17.336 -20.838 14.44 36.52 -70.21 -185.38
2-10 -56.338 -129.218 29.84 36.52 -88.82 -225.22
Right
Left
4- 0 -73.712 -136.081 59.00 64.18 216.36 107.95
4- 1 -3.225 -15.718 35.33 64.18 173.29 86.36
4- 2 90.659 33.949 35.33 60.13 130.23 64.77
4- 3 157.651 67.705 35.33 60.13 87.16 43.18
4- 4 197.851 87.959 35.33 60.13 44.09 21.59
4- 5 211.242 94.710 35.33 60.13 1.02 -1.02
4- 6 197.851 87.959 35.33 60.13 -21.59 -44.09
4- 7 157.651 67.705 35.33 60.13 -43.18 -87.16
4- 8 90.659 33.949 35.33 60.13 -64.77 -130.23
4- 9 -3.225 -15.718 35.33 64.18 -86.36 -173.29
4-10 -73.712 -136.081 59.00 64.18 -107.95 -216.36
Right

Four-Sided Precast Box Culvert with 0˚ skew, CHBDC Specs
1.1 Input
1.2 Preliminary Checks
1.3 Loads

box culvert with no skew
Specifications: CSA CHBDC 2006
Units: Metric
1.1 Input
kN wc kg
Materials: Box Concrete: f'c  35MPa w c  24 γc   2447.319
3 g 3
m m
K 1  1.0 Agg max  20 mm
Rebar: fy  400 MPa Es  200000MPa fs  180 MPa D b  25 mm
kN γs kg
Soil: γs  22  2243.376
3 g 3
m m
Geometry: Box Culvert: H t  3  m W  6  m L  3  m skew  0  deg Clear_Span  W
tts  305  mm tbs  305  mm twa  254  mm th  203  mm

Soil Fill: H s  1.0 m
Reinforcement : cover te  51 mm cover be  25 mm cover we  25 mm
Cover
cover ti  25 mm cover bi  25 mm cover wi  25 mm
Loads: Vehicle Live: CL-625 Traffic Direction: Lanes Parallel to main reinforcement
kg
Future Wearing Surface: w ws  0 
3
m
kg
Water Density: w w  1000
3
m
Installation Type B  "B1"
Factors: ϕc  0.80 Strength reduction factor for cocnrete

ϕs  0.90 Strength reduction factor for steel

Design_Span  Clear_Span  twa  6.254 m
 
Design_Height  H t  0.5 tbs  tts  3.305 m
1.3 Loads
Dead Loads (DC):
kN
top slab: w dts  w c tts ( 1  m) w dts  7.32
m
bottom slab: w dbs  wc tbs  ( 1  m) kN
w dbs  7.32
m
2
single haunch: th
w dha  wc ( 1  m)  w dha  0.495  kN
weight 2
kN
wall weight w wall  twa w c ( 1  m) w wall  6.096 
m
1 kN

w bottom  13.763
m
kN
Wearing Surface (DW): w dw  wws ( 1  m) w dw  0 
m
Bc  6.508  m
width
Soil-Structure : λv  1.2 if B = "B1"  1.2 CHBDC 7.8.4.2.3 - Table 13

Interaction Factor
1.35 if B = "B2"
kN
w e  λv γs H s ( 1  m) w e  26.4
m
pressures
Minimum Case
λh  0.3 if B = "B1"  0.3

0.25 if B = "B2"
kN
w eh_top_min  λh H s γs 1  m w eh_top_min  6.6
m
kN
 
w eh_bot_min  λh Hs  tts  H t  0.5tbs  γs 1  m  w eh_bot_min  29.419
m

Maximum Case
λh  0.5 if B = "B1"  0.5
0.5 if B = "B2"
kN
w eh_top_max  λh γs H s ( 1  m) w eh_top_max  11
m
kN
 
w eh_bot_max  λh γs Hs  tts  H t  0.5tbs  ( 1  m) w eh_bot_max  49.032
m
Live Load : 10.2

w slltop.h   kPa w slltop.h  10.2 kPa
Surcharge (LS) Minimum Case Hs
m
10.2
w sllbot.h   kPa w sllbot.h  2.213  kPa
Maximum Case  Ht tbs tts
    Hs
 mm mm mm 

1000 m
(WA)

Use of CL-625 truck will be used according to CHBDC 3.6.3.2. Axle loads will be distributed over an
Live Loads :
equivalent contact area using the equivalent strip width per Article 7.8.5.3.3 for fill depth less than
(LL)
0.6m. For fills less than 2ft the distribution width for a wheel load is limited to length of the culvert.
 Hs 
DLA  0.4 1  0.5  DLA  20 % (CHBDC 3.8.4.5.3) Under
 m  the assumption of 2 axles
1.0 
  Wheel_Gage  1.8 m Tire_Length  0.25 m
0.9
MPF    Lane_Sep  4 ft Tire_Width  0.6 m
0.8 
  (CHBDC 3.8.3.2)
0.7 
CL-625 Vehicle Properties
Wtotal  625  kN
kN Number of Axles
Lane_Load  9  A m  1.0 if Lane_Load = 0  0.8
m naxle.Truck  5
0.8 otherwise

Axle Loads
T T
P axle.Truck  Wtotal A m ( 0.064 0.16 0.16 0.224 0.192 ) P axle.Truck  ( 32 80 80 112 96 )  kN
Axle Spacing
T
SPaxle.Truck  ( 3.6 1.2 6.6 6.6 ) m (CHBDC 3.8.3.2)
For all axle loads, we will check 4 cases for the each axle correspond to the number of lanes loaded. Per CHBDC 6.9.6,
When the depth of fill over a structure is less than 0.6 m, no distribution beyond the footprint of the wheels shall be
considered. Thus,
Truck:
slope  1.75
P axle.Truck
T
WTruck  WTruck  ( 2.081 5.203 5.203 7.285 6.244 )  kPa
 
Tire_Length  2  H s slope  Tire_Width  2  Hs  slope 
Bottom Slab Loading
Load Factors: From the CHDBC 7.5.2, 3.5.1, Table 3.2. The minimum load factor for water pressure is taken as
Strength
Load Min. Max
DC 0.95 1.10
DW 0.65 1.50
EV 0.80 1.25
EH 0.80 1.25
LL 0.00 1.70
WA 0.00 1.00
γDC.min  0.95 γDW.min  0.65 γEV.min  0.8 γEH.min  0.8 γWA.min  0.00

Properties:
1 5 8 1 6
2 6 9
h  tbs 3 8
4 9
4 5 10
T
h  ( 254 254 254 254 305 305 305 305 305 305 )  mm
T
cover  ( 25 25 25 25 51 25 51 25 25 25 )  mm

along the bottom slab as performed in Eriksson Culvert.

Exterior Wall:
 26.71  44.97 0  10.18  0.21 0 0  22.22  5.1 0.9 0 44.2 0.7 0 2.1  3.3 
   
 22.25
 25.03  44.97 0 2.58 0 0 0
 5.1 0.9 0 33.0 0.6 0 2.1  3.3

 23.34  44.97 0 11.77 0.18 0 0  22.34  5.1 0.9 0 22.6 0.5 0 2.1  3.3 
 21.66  44.97 0 17.68 0.32 0 0  22.88
 5.1 0.9 0 13.1 0.4 0 2.1  3.3

   
 19.97  44.97 0 20.59 0.42 0 0  23.70  5.1 0.9 0 4.5 0.2 0 2.1  3.3 
M wa   18.29  44.97 0 20.79 0.48 0 0  24.63  kN  m V wa  5.1 0.9 0  3.3 0.1 0 2.1  3.3   kN
   
 16.06  44.97 0 18.57 0.48 0 0  25.63  5.1 0.9 0  10.2  0.1 0 2.1  3.3 
 14.92  44.97 0 14.20 0.41 0 0  26.68  5.1 0.9 0  16.2  0.3 0 2.1  3.3 
   
 13.23  44.97 0 7.98 0.27 0 0  27.73  5.1 0.9 0  21.4  0.6 0 2.1  3.3 
 11.55  44.97 0 0.19 0.05 0 0  28.79  5.1 0.9 0  25.7  0.8 0 2.1  3.3 
   
 9.86  44.97 0  8.88  0.24 0 0.19  29.46  5.1 0.9 0  29.2  1.1 0 2.1  3.3 
P wa  (  24.0  82.5 0 0 0 0 0  56.2 )  kN

Top Slab:
 9.86  44.97 0  9.12  0.24 0 0.19  29.86   24.0 82.5 0 0 0 0 56.3 0 

   
1.49 0  9.12  0.24 0 11.35  8.69 66 0 0 0 0 48.7  0.7
 3.16   18.3 
13.18 37.62 0  9.12  0.24 0 29.74 0   13.7 49.5 0 0 0 0 40.9  3.1 
20.33 63.43 0  9.12  0.24 0 45.02 0
  9.1 33 0 0 0 0 33.0  7.0

   
24.62 78.92 0  9.12  0.24 0 54.24 0   4.6 16.5 0 0 0 0 25.2  12.2 
M ts  26.05 84.08 0  9.12  0.24 0 57.39 0  kN m V ts   0 0 0 0 0 0 17.7  17.7   kN
   
24.62 78.92 0  9.12  0.24 0 54.24 0   4.6  16.5 0 0 0 0 12.2  25.2 
20.33 63.43 0  9.12  0.24 0 45.02 0   9.1  33 0 0 0 0 7.0  33.0 
   
13.18 37.62 0  9.12  0.24 0 29.74 0   13.7  49.5 0 0 0 0 3.1  40.9 
 3.16 1.49 0  9.12  0.24 0 11.35  8.69   18.3  66 0 0 0 0 0.7  48.7 
   
 9.86  44.97 0  9.12  0.24 0 0.15  29.86   24.0  82.5 0 0 0 0 0  56.3 
P ts  ( 5.1 0.9 0  27.5  1.1 0 2.1  2.8 )  kN
Bottom Slab:
26.71  44.97 0  10.18  0.21 0 0  22.22   44.1 82.5 0 0 0 0 38 0 

   
 1.87 1.49 0  10.18  0.21 0 3.01 1.65
  35.3 66.0 0 0 0 0 30.5 0

 17.45 37.62 0  10.18  0.21 0 19.17 0   26.5 49.5 0 0 0 0 23 0 
 31.24 63.43 0  10.18  0.21 0 30.67 0
  17.7 33.0 0 0 0 0 15.5 0

   
 39.52 78.92 0  10.18  0.21 0 37.57 0   8.8 16.5 0 0 0 0 8 0 
M bs   42.28 84.08 0  10.18  0.21 0 39.87 0  kN  m V bs   0 0 0 0 0 0 0.6  0.6   kN
   
 39.52 78.92 0  10.18  0.21 0 37.57 0    8.8  16.5 0 0 0 0 0 8 
 31.24 63.43 0  10.18  0.21 0 30.67 0  17.7  33.0 0 0 0 0 0  15.5 
   
 17.45 37.62 0  10.18  0.21 0 19.17 0  26.5  49.5 0 0 0 0 0  23 
 1.87 1.49 0  10.18  0.21 0 3.01 1.65  35.3  66.0 0 0 0 0 0  30.5 
   
  26.71  44.97 0  10.18  0.21 0 0  22.22  44.1  82.5 0 0 0 0 0  38 
P bs  (  5.1  0.9 0  42.2  0.7 0 2.8  2.1 )  kN

Load Combinations:
1) Maximum vertical and minimum horizontal inward

DCmax + DWmax + EVmax + LL + EHmin + WAmax
2) Maximum vertical and maximum horizontal inward
DCmax + DWmax + EVmax + LL + EHmax + WAmin
3) Minimum vertical and miximum horizontal inward
DCmin + DWmin + EVmin + EHmax + WAmin
4) Maximum vertical and maximum horizontal inward
DCmax + DQmin + EVmax + LS + EHmax + WAmin
5) Minimum vertical and maximum horizontal inward
DCmin + DWmin + EVmin + LS + EHmax + WAmin
Load Combination 1
M pLC.1.ts  M ts  γDC  M ts  γDW  Mts  γEV  M ts  γLL  M ts  γEH.min  Mts  γWA
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
M nLC.1.ts  M ts  γDC  M ts  γDW  Mts  γEV  M ts  γLL  M ts  γEH.min  Mts  γWA

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6
M pLC.1.bs  Mbs  γDC  M bs  γDW  M bs  γEV  M bs  γLL  Mbs  γEH.min  Mbs  γWA
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
M nLC.1.bs  Mbs  γDC  M bs  γDW  M bs  γEV  M bs  γLL  Mbs  γEH.min  Mbs  γWA
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6
M pLC.1.wa  M wa  γDC  M wa  γDW  Mwa  γEV  M wa  γLL  M wa  γEH.min  Mwa  γWA

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
M nLC.1.wa  M wa  γDC  M wa  γDW  Mwa  γEV  M wa  γLL  M wa  γEH.min  Mwa  γWA

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6
V pLC.1.ts  V ts  γDC  V ts  γDW  Vts  γEV  V ts  γLL  V ts  γEH.min  Vts  γWA

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
V nLC.1.ts  V ts  γDC  V ts  γDW  Vts  γEV  V ts  γLL  V ts  γEH.min  Vts  γWA

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6
V pLC.1.bs  Vbs  γDC  V bs  γDW  V bs  γEV  V bs  γLL  Vbs  γEH.min  Vbs  γWA
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
V nLC.1.bs  Vbs  γDC  V bs  γDW  V bs  γEV  V bs  γLL  Vbs  γEH.min  Vbs  γWA
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6
V pLC.1.wa  V wa  γDC  V wa  γDW  Vwa  γEV  V wa  γLL  V wa  γEH.min  Vwa  γWA

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
V nLC.1.wa  V wa  γDC  V wa  γDW  Vwa  γEV  V wa  γLL  V wa  γEH.min  Vwa  γWA

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6
P pLC.1.ts  P ts  γDC  P ts  γDW  Pts  γEV  P ts  γLL  P ts  γEH.min  Pts  γWA

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
P nLC.1.ts  P ts  γDC  P ts  γDW  Pts  γEV  P ts  γLL  P ts  γEH.min  Pts  γWA

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6
P pLC.1.bs  Pbs  γDC  P bs  γDW  P bs  γEV  P bs  γLL  Pbs  γEH.min  Pbs  γWA
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
P nLC.1.bs  Pbs  γDC  P bs  γDW  P bs  γEV  P bs  γLL  Pbs  γEH.min  Pbs  γWA
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6
P pLC.1.wa  P wa  γDC  P wa  γDW  Pwa  γEV  P wa  γLL  P wa  γEH.min  Pwa  γWA

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
P nLC.1.wa  P wa  γDC  P wa  γDW  Pwa  γEV  P wa  γLL  P wa  γEH.min  Pwa  γWA

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6

Load Combination 2
M pLC.2.ts  M ts  γDC  M ts  γDW  Mts  γEV  M ts  γLL  M ts  γEH  Mts  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
M nLC.2.ts  M ts  γDC  M ts  γDW  Mts  γEV  M ts  γLL  M ts  γEH  Mts  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6
M pLC.2.bs  Mbs  γDC  M bs  γDW  M bs  γEV  M bs  γLL  Mbs  γEH  Mbs  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
M nLC.2.bs  Mbs  γDC  M bs  γDW  M bs  γEV  M bs  γLL  Mbs  γEH  Mbs  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6
M pLC.2.wa  M wa  γDC  M wa  γDW  Mwa  γEV  M wa  γLL  M wa  γEH  Mwa  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
M nLC.2.wa  M wa  γDC  M wa  γDW  Mwa  γEV  M wa  γLL  M wa  γEH  Mwa  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6
V pLC.2.ts  V ts  γDC  V ts  γDW  Vts  γEV  V ts  γLL  V ts  γEH  Vts  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
V nLC.2.ts  V ts  γDC  V ts  γDW  Vts  γEV  V ts  γLL  V ts  γEH  Vts  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6
V pLC.2.bs  Vbs  γDC  V bs  γDW  V bs  γEV  V bs  γLL  Vbs  γEH  Vbs  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
V nLC.2.bs  Vbs  γDC  V bs  γDW  V bs  γEV  V bs  γLL  Vbs  γEH  Vbs  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6
V pLC.2.wa  V wa  γDC  V wa  γDW  Vwa  γEV  V wa  γLL  V wa  γEH  Vwa  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
V nLC.2.wa  V wa  γDC  V wa  γDW  Vwa  γEV  V wa  γLL  V wa  γEH  Vwa  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6
P pLC.2.ts  P ts  γDC  P ts  γDW  Pts  γEV  P ts  γLL  P ts  γEH  Pts  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
P nLC.2.ts  P ts  γDC  P ts  γDW  Pts  γEV  P ts  γLL  P ts  γEH  Pts  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6
P pLC.2.bs  Pbs  γDC  P bs  γDW  P bs  γEV  P bs  γLL  Pbs  γEH  Pbs  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
P nLC.2.bs  Pbs  γDC  P bs  γDW  P bs  γEV  P bs  γLL  Pbs  γEH  Pbs  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6
P pLC.2.wa  P wa  γDC  P wa  γDW  Pwa  γEV  P wa  γLL  P wa  γEH  Pwa  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 7 k 4 k 6
P nLC.2.wa  P wa  γDC  P wa  γDW  Pwa  γEV  P wa  γLL  P wa  γEH  Pwa  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 8 k 4 k 6

Load Combination 3
M LC.3.ts  M ts  γDC.min  Mts  γDW.min  M ts  γEV.min  Mts  γEH  M ts  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 4 k 6
M LC.3.bs  Mbs  γDC.min  Mbs  γDW.min  Mbs  γEV.min  Mbs  γEH  Mbs  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 4 k 6
M LC.3.wa  M wa  γDC.min  Mwa  γDW.min  M wa  γEV.min  Mwa  γEH  M wa  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 4 k 6
V LC.3.ts  V ts  γDC.min  Vts  γDW.min  V ts  γEV.min  Vts  γEH  V ts  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 4 k 6
V LC.3.bs  Vbs  γDC.min  Vbs  γDW.min  Vbs  γEV.min  Vbs  γEH  Vbs  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 4 k 6
V LC.3.wa  V wa  γDC.min  Vwa  γDW.min  V wa  γEV.min  Vwa  γEH  V wa  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 4 k 6
P LC.3.ts  P ts  γDC.min  Pts  γDW.min  P ts  γEV.min  Pts  γEH  P ts  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 4 k 6
P LC.3.bs  Pbs  γDC.min  Pbs  γDW.min  Pbs  γEV.min  Pbs  γEH  Pbs  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 4 k 6
P LC.3.wa  P wa  γDC.min  Pwa  γDW.min  P wa  γEV.min  Pwa  γEH  P wa  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 4 k 6
Load Combination 4
M pLC.4.ts  M ts  γDC  M ts  γDW.min  Mts  γEV  M ts  γLL  M ts  γEH  Mts  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6
M pLC.4.bs  Mbs  γDC  M bs  γDW.min  M bs  γEV  M bs  γLL  Mbs  γEH  Mbs  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6
M pLC.4.wa  M wa  γDC  M wa  γDW.min  Mwa  γEV  M wa  γLL  M wa  γEH  Mwa  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6
V pLC.4.ts  V ts  γDC  V ts  γDW.min  Vts  γEV  V ts  γLL  V ts  γEH  Vts  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6
V pLC.4.bs  Vbs  γDC  V bs  γDW.min  V bs  γEV  V bs  γLL  Vbs  γEH  Vbs  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6
V pLC.4.wa  V wa  γDC  V wa  γDW.min  Vwa  γEV  V wa  γLL  V wa  γEH  Vwa  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6
P pLC.4.ts  P ts  γDC  P ts  γDW.min  Pts  γEV  P ts  γLL  P ts  γEH  Pts  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6
P pLC.4.bs  Pbs  γDC  P bs  γDW.min  P bs  γEV  P bs  γLL  Pbs  γEH  Pbs  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6
P pLC.4.wa  P wa  γDC  P wa  γDW.min  Pwa  γEV  P wa  γLL  P wa  γEH  Pwa  γWA.min

k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6
Load Combination 5
M pLC.5.ts  M ts  γDC.min  Mts  γDW.min  M ts  γEV.min  Mts  γLL  Mts  γEH  M ts  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6
M pLC.5.bs  Mbs  γDC.min  Mbs  γDW.min  Mbs  γEV.min  Mbs  γLL  M bs  γEH  M bs  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6
M pLC.5.wa  M wa  γDC.min  Mwa  γDW.min  M wa  γEV.min  Mwa  γLL  Mwa  γEH  M wa  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6
V pLC.5.ts  V ts  γDC.min  Vts  γDW.min  V ts  γEV.min  Vts  γLL  Vts  γEH  V ts  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6
V pLC.5.bs  Vbs  γDC.min  Vbs  γDW.min  Vbs  γEV.min  Vbs  γLL  V bs  γEH  V bs  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6
V pLC.5.wa  V wa  γDC.min  Vwa  γDW.min  V wa  γEV.min  Vwa  γLL  Vwa  γEH  V wa  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6
P pLC.5.ts  P ts  γDC.min  Pts  γDW.min  P ts  γEV.min  Pts  γLL  Pts  γEH  P ts  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6
P pLC.5.bs  Pbs  γDC.min  Pbs  γDW.min  Pbs  γEV.min  Pbs  γLL  P bs  γEH  P bs  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6
P pLC.5.wa  P wa  γDC.min  Pwa  γDW.min  P wa  γEV.min  Pwa  γLL  Pwa  γEH  P wa  γWA.min
k k 1 k 3 k 2 k 5 k 4 k 6

M pTS  maxM pLC.5.ts MpLC.4.ts M LC.3.ts MpLC.2.ts M pLC.1.ts 
k  k k k k k
M nTS  minM pLC.5.ts MpLC.4.ts M LC.3.ts MnLC.2.ts M nLC.1.ts 

k  k k k k k
V pTS  maxV pLC.5.ts VpLC.4.ts V LC.3.ts VpLC.2.ts V pLC.1.ts 

k  k k k k k
V nTS  minV pLC.5.ts VpLC.4.ts V LC.3.ts VnLC.2.ts V nLC.1.ts 

k  k k k k k
P pTS  maxP pLC.5.ts PpLC.4.ts P LC.3.ts PpLC.2.ts P pLC.1.ts 

k  k k k k k
P nTS  minP pLC.5.ts PpLC.4.ts P LC.3.ts PnLC.2.ts P nLC.1.ts 

k  k k k k k
M pBS  max MpLC.5.bs MpLC.4.bs MLC.3.bs MpLC.2.bs MpLC.1.bs 

k  k k k k k
M nBS  min MpLC.5.bs MpLC.4.bs MLC.3.bs MnLC.2.bs MnLC.1.bs 

k  k k k k k
V pBS  max VpLC.5.bs VpLC.4.bs VLC.3.bs VpLC.2.bs VpLC.1.bs 

k  k k k k k
V nBS  min VpLC.5.bs VpLC.4.bs VLC.3.bs VnLC.2.bs VnLC.1.bs 

k  k k k k k
P pBS  max PpLC.5.bs PpLC.4.bs PLC.3.bs PpLC.2.bs PpLC.1.bs 

k  k k k k k
P nBS  min PpLC.5.bs PpLC.4.bs PLC.3.bs PnLC.2.bs PnLC.1.bs 

k  k k k k k
M pWA  maxM pLC.5.wa MpLC.4.wa M LC.3.wa MpLC.2.wa M pLC.1.wa 


k k k k k k
M nWA  minM pLC.5.wa MpLC.4.wa M LC.3.wa MnLC.2.wa M nLC.1.wa 

k  k k k k k
V pWA  maxV pLC.5.wa VpLC.4.wa V LC.3.wa VpLC.2.wa V pLC.1.wa 

k  k k k k k
V nWA  minV pLC.5.wa VpLC.4.wa V LC.3.wa VnLC.2.wa V nLC.1.wa 

k  k k k k k
P pWA  maxP pLC.5.wa PpLC.4.wa P LC.3.wa PpLC.2.wa P pLC.1.wa 

k  k k k k k
P nWA  minP pLC.5.wa PpLC.4.wa P LC.3.wa PnLC.2.wa P nLC.1.wa 

k  k k k k k
M str1  M pWA M str1  M nWA

k 1 k k 2 k
M str1  M pTS M str1  M nTS

k 3 k k 4 k
M str1  M pBS M str1  M nBS

k 5 k k 6 k
V str1  V pWA V str1  V nWA

k 1 k k 2 k
V str1  V pTS V str1  V nTS

k 3 k k 4 k
V str1  V pBS V str1  V nBS

k 5 k k 6 k
P str1  P pWA P str1  P nWA

k 1 k k 2 k
P str1  P pTS P str1  P nTS

k 3 k k 4 k
P str1  P pBS P str1  P nBS

k 5 k k 6 k

+ Mom - Mom + Mom - Mom + Mom - Mom
 74.08  136.09  56.74  129.22  74.08  136.09 
 
 56.53  119.51 17.34  20.83  3.22  15.72

 43.13  110.45 104.78 30.81 90.67 33.59 
 33.91  104.79 170.89 58.25 157.65 67.34

 
 28.50  102.00 210.64 74.72 197.85 87.60 
M str1   26.55  101.57 224.02 80.20 211.24 94.35   kN m
 
 27.20  102.59 210.64 74.72 197.85 87.60 
 31.70  106.62 170.89 58.25 157.65 67.34 
 
 38.11  111.52 104.78 30.81 90.67 33.59 
 46.63  117.71 17.34  20.83  3.22  15.72 
 
 56.44  128.24  56.74  129.22  74.08  136.09 

+ Shear - Shear + Shear - Shear + Shear - Shear
 65.5550 36.4850 225.2350 88.8000 216.2350 107.8950 
 
 51.5550 27.5250 185.4200 70.1850 173.1800 86.3350

 38.5550 19.2050 146.4750 52.6150 130.1250 64.7750 
 26.6800 11.6050 107.3600 35.0450 87.0700 43.2150

 
 15.9300 4.7250 68.5250 4.9450 43.9050 21.5600 
V str1   7.6650  3.0000 30.0900  30.0900 1.0200  1.0200   kN
 
 2.1450 11.6250 4.9450  68.5250  21.5600  43.9050 
 2.6550 19.1250  35.0450  107.3600  43.2150  87.0700 
 
 6.8150 25.6250  52.6150  146.4750  64.7750  130.1250 
 10.2550 31.0000  70.1850  185.4200  86.3350  173.1800 
 
 13.0550 35.3750  88.8000  225.2350  107.8950  216.2350 

 88.80  225.06  11.70  32.40  35.73  63.05 
 
 88.80  225.06  11.70  32.40  35.73  63.05

 88.80  225.06  11.70  32.40  35.73  63.05 
 88.80  225.06  11.70  32.40  35.73  63.05

 
 88.80  225.06  11.70  32.40  35.73  63.05 
P str1   88.80  225.06  11.70  32.40  35.73  63.05   kN
 
 88.80  225.06  11.70  32.40  35.73  63.05 
 88.80  225.06  11.70  32.40  35.73  63.05 
 
 88.80  225.06  11.70  32.40  35.73  63.05 
 88.80  225.06  11.70  32.40  35.73  63.05 
 
 88.80  225.06  11.70  32.40  35.73  63.05 

The location of the critical section for moment design is located at the face of the haunch as long as the rise to run ratio
is greater than 1:1 (since it is a change in thickness) The location of the critical section for shear is located d from the
face of the support per CHBDC 8.9.4.1. Due to the fact that section properties are under design, the effective shear
depth is therefore estimated using the reinforcing bar diameter input in the material properties under the culvert
properties tab.

Design_Height  H t  0.5 tbs  tts  Design_Height  3.305  m Design_Span  6.254  m i  1  10 j  1  11
 tbs 0.5  th 
   355.5   "BOT" 
  1652.5  "MID +" 
Design_Height   tts 0.5  th     
  2949.5   "TOP"  -------------------
 twa 0.5  th   330   "LT" 
CSmoment    CSmoment     mm  
Design_Span   twa 0.5  th   5924   "RT" 
      -------------------
 twa 0.5  th   330   "LT" 
   3127   "MID" 
Design_Span   t  0.5  t    5924   "RT" 
 wa h 
Db
ds.assume  hi  coveri  dv.assume  ds.assume
i 2 i i
 tbs  0.5  th  dv.assume 
 1 
 0.5 Design_Height   572   "BOT" 
     
 0.5 Design_Height  1652.5  "MID +" 
Design_Height  t  0.5  t  d  1652.5   "MID -"  exterior wall
ts h v.assume4
      
 twa 0.5  th  dv.assume
  2733   "TOP"  -------------------
 5   571.5   "LT" 
CSshear    CSshear     mm  
 Design_Span  twa 0.5  th  dv.assume   5682.5   "RT" 
  7      -------------------
 twa 0.5  th  dv.assume   597.5   "LT" 
 8   3127   "MID" 
 5656.5   "RT" 
Design_Span  twa 0.5  th  dv.assume  
  10 
LB  1 UB  1
jj1 jj1
LB  j  1 UB  j
LB UB

j j j
 
for t  t1  t2

t

t
CS t  Ltrace
lt
Pert 
Ltrace  Ltrace
h t l t
Intforce

S crit CS Lwa Lts Lbs Mstr   
M str1.wall  Intforce CS Lwa M str 1 2 1 4 

M str1.ts  Intforce CS Lts Mstr 3 4 5 7 
M str1.bs  Intforce  CS Lbs Mstr 5 6 8 10
stack  M str1.wall submatrix M str1.ts 5 7 3 4  submatrix M str1.bs 8 10 5 6  
 
M sr1 Mst  for g  1  10  
P sr1 Pst  for g  1  10
a 
2 if Section
T
2 if Section
T
 g = "Neg"
1 otherwise
1 otherwise
P str  P st
M str  M st
g g a
g 
g  Case
g 
M str P str  1
 
V sr1 Vsr  for g  1  10 M STR  M str1 V STR  V str1 P STR  P str1
g  g 1 g 2 
Vstr

M str1.all  Scrit CSmoment Lwa Lts Lbs MSTR 
V str1.all  Scrit CSmoment Lwa Lts Lbs VSTR
P str1.all  Scrit CSmoment Lwa Lts Lbs PSTR


M str1  M sr1 Mstr1.all  
V str1  V sr1 Vstr1.all  
 118.821   50.572  225.065   "BOT" 
       
 0   7.665   88.8  "MID +" 
       
 117.241   30.593  225.065   "TOP"  -------------------
 72.029  204.226   32.4   "LT" 
M str1     kN m V str1     kN N str1     kN  
 224.022   30.09   11.695   "MID"  top slab
 72.029  204.226   32.4   "RT" 
        -------------------
 72.579  193.516   63.055   "LT" 
 211.243   1.02   35.735   "MID" 
        bottom slab
 72.579  193.516   63.055   "RT" 
M d.wa  Mwa
j j 1
 γDC  M wa
j 2
 γEV  M wa
j 3
 γDW  M wa
j 4
 γEH 
M d.ts  Mts
j j 1
 γDC  M ts
j 2
 γEV  M ts
j 3
 γDW  M ts
j 4
 γEH  
j j 1 j 2 j 3 j 4
  
M d  stack M p.wall submatrix M p.ts 5 7 1 1 submatrix M p.bs 8 10 1 1  
 79.511   "BOT" 
   
 50.344  "MID +" 
   
 68.083   "TOP"  -------------------
 40.257   "LT" 
Md     kN m  
122.355   "MID"  top slab
40.257   "RT" 
    -------------------
 53.257   "LT" 
138.883   "MID" 
53.257   "RT" 
1.5
 f'c   γc m3 
Modulus of Elasticity: Ec  3000  6900     MPa Ec  27053.91 MPa (CHBDC 8.4.1.7)
 MPa   2300 kg 
1 m design width: b  1  m
Slenderness Effects Evaluation (Walls Only) (CHBDC 8.8.5.2)
Effective Length Factor k  2.0
Radius of Gyration r  0.3 twa r  76.2 mm
 k Ht 
 r 
slender check  "OK Ignore Slenderness"
q  1  4

 Md 
β d  if M str1 = 0 1.0  
q
T
q  q Mstr1  β d  ( 0.669 1 0.496 0.581 )
 q 
3 4
twa  b π  Db  0.2 Ec Ig  Es Is
Cm  1 Ig  Is    ϕk  0.75 EIq  (CHBDC 8.8.5.3)
12 4  2  1  βd
q
2
π  EIq
P c  T
P c  ( 1214.237 1013.38 1355.098 1282.181 )  kN
 
q 2
k Ht
 Cm 
δq  min 1.0   T
   Nstr1   (CHBDC 8.8.5.3) δ  (1 1 1 1 )
 1   q  
   ϕk Pc  
   q  

25   "BOT"  275 

     
10  "MID +"  225 
25   "MID -"  275  exterior wall
     
25   "TOP"  275  -------------------
25   "LT"  275 
BarNO      spacing    mm
25   "MID"  200  top slab
25   "RT"  275 
      -------------------
25   "LT"  275 
20   "MID"  125  bottom slab
     
25   "RT"  275 
i  i BarA  ( 500 100 500 500 500 500 500 500 300 500 )  mm
i  i BarD  ( 25.2 11.3 25.2 25.2 25.2 25.2 25.2 25.2 19.5 25.2 )  mm
BarD
i T
ds  hi  coveri  ds  ( 216.4 223.35 216.4 216.4 241.4 267.4 241.4 267.4 270.25 267.4 )  mm
i 2
BarD
dc  min coveri 51 mm  
i T
dc  ( 37.6 30.65 37.6 37.6 63.6 37.6 63.6 37.6 34.75 37.6 )  mm
i 2
Compute the allowable Moment capacity based the modified pipe equation
Nominal and Ultimate Pure Moment Capacity

b  1m
 f'c 
α  max0.67 0.85  0.0015   0.797
 MPa 
kN
g  α ϕc b f'c  22330 
m

 f'c

A req M b d fc fy ϕc ϕs   α  max0.67 0.85  0.0015


MPa  A s.req  A reqM str1 b ds f'c fy ϕc ϕs
i  i i 
M
a
2
b d
 α ϕc f'c  2  a 

ρ  1.0  1 
 ϕs fy  α ϕc f'c

  
ρ  b d
T 2
A s.req  ( 1623.397 0 1374.127 1600.337 853.142 2518.348 853.142 771.919 2333.72 771.919 )  mm
1000 mm T
A s  BarA  A s  ( 1818.182 444.444 1818.182 1818.182 1818.182 2500 1818.182 1818.182 2400 1818.182 )  mm
i i spacingi
ccap  if A s  A s.req "OK" "NG"  T

i  i i  ccap  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "NG" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
 2
 ϕs As  fy  Nstr1  g ds  
1  2  h i   i i i
M a     g ds   2  Nstr1  ds    
i 2   i i  i 2.0  g 
T
M a  ( 152.902 45.628 152.902 152.902 152.382 223.832 152.382 173.111 220.819 173.111 )  kN m
Maximum Reinforcement Requirement (CHBDC 8.8.4.5)

0.5 ds  b α ϕc f'c  Nstr1
i i
A s.max 
i ϕs fy
T 2
A s.max  ( 6086.225 6680.285 6086.225 6086.225 7396.753 8260.628 7396.753 8117.961 8282.24 8117.961 )  mm
ccap  if A s  A s.max "OK" "NG"  T

CHBDC 7.8.8.1.1
f'c
Cracking Strength: fr  0.4 MPa fr  2.366  MPa (CHBDC 8.4.1.8)
MPa
3
b  hi
i 12
yi 
Neutral Axis 2
Ig
i
Section Modulus: S c 
i yi
M cr  fr S c T
i i M cr  ( 25.445 25.445 25.445 25.445 36.69 36.69 36.69 36.69 36.69 36.69 )  kN  m
c7.8.8.1.1  if Ma  min1.2 M cr 1.33 Mstr1  "OK" "NG" 

i  i  i i  
T
c7.8.8.1.1  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

CHBDC 7.8.11
T 2
A s.min  0.002 b hi A s.min  ( 508 508 508 508 610 610 610 610 610 610 )  mm
i
c7.8.11  if As  As.min "OK" "NG" 

i  i i 
T

Input Bar Size and 10  250   "CE1-Top Slab" 
Spacing From
BarNO.ts  10  spacing ts  250  mm  "C1-Walls" 
ET Culvert
10  250  "C1-Bottom Slab" 
     
T
BarD.ts  BarDBBarNO.ts  BarD.ts  ( 11.3 11.3 11.3 )  mm

ii ii
T 2
BarA.ts  BarASBarNO.ts  BarA.ts  ( 100 100 100 )  mm
ii  ii
BarA.ts 2
ii T mm
A s.ts  A s.ts  ( 400 400 400 ) 
ii spacing ts m
ii
Required Area of Temperature and shrinkage steel in each face in Table 7.18
2
mm
A s.ts.req  300 
ii m
c7.8.11.2  if As.ts.req  As.ts "NG" "OK" 
ii  ii ii 
T
c7.8.11.2  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" )
Per CHBDC 7.8.12.1, since the depth of fill is greater than 0.6 m, the distribution steel becomes the shrinkage and
temperature reinforcement.
10  250 
BarNO.ds    spacing ds    mm "C100-Top Slab"
iii  1  1 10  250 

iii iii BarD.ds  ( 11.3 )  mm
iii  iii BarA.ds  ( 100 )  mm
BarA.ds 2
iii T mm
A s.ds  A s.ds  ( 400 ) 
iii spacing ds m
iii

2
A s.req  300  mm (CHBDC Table 7.18)
iii
checktop.dis  if As.req  A s.ds  m "OK" "NG"  checktop.dis  ( "OK" )
iii  iii iii 

M str1.all  Scrit CSmoment Lwa Lts Lbs MSTR 
V str1.all  Scrit CSshear Lwa Lts Lbs VSTR
P str1.all  Scrit CSshear Lwa Lts Lbs PSTR
M str1  M sr1 Mstr1.all V str1  V sr1 Vstr1.all 

 118.821   42.056  225.065   "BOT" 
       
 0   7.665   88.8  "MID +" 
       
 117.241   27.072  225.065   "TOP"  -------------------
 72.029  188.851   17.5   "LT" 
M str1     kN m V str1     kN N str1     kN  
 224.022   30.09   11.695   "MID"  top slab
 72.029  188.851   17.5   "RT" 
        -------------------
 72.579  175.101   63.055   "LT" 
 211.243   1.02   35.735   "MID" 
        bottom slab
 72.579  175.101   63.055   "RT" 

dv  max  0.9ds 0.72 hi
i 
i 
(CHBDC 8.9.1.5)
T
dv  ( 194.76 201.015 194.76 194.76 219.6 240.66 219.6 240.66 243.225 240.66 )  mm
dv  dv
1 3
  Mstr1 
  i
 V str1  0.5 N str1 
  dv i i 
εx  max 0.0 min0.003 
 
i
(CHBDC 8.9.3.8)
i   2  Es As 
  i 
T
εx  ( 0.00074 0 0.00057 0.00071 0.0007 0.00096 0.0007 0.00061 0.00089 0.00061 )
35 sz
i
s z  dv s ze 
i i i 15 mm  Aggmax (CHBDC 8.9.2.6)
T
s ze  ( 194.76 201.015 194.76 194.76 219.6 240.66 219.6 240.66 243.225 240.66 )
0.4 1300
β i   (CHBDC 8.9.3.7)
1  1500 εx 1000  sze
i i
T
β  ( 0.206 0.433 0.234 0.211 0.208 0.172 0.208 0.219 0.179 0.219 )
fcr  fr  2.366  MPa

V c  2.5 ϕc β i fcr b dv (CHBDC 8.9.3.4)
i i
T
V c  ( 189.87 411.915 215.769 194.25 216.381 196.244 216.381 248.886 206.584 248.886 )  kN
T
V str1  ( 42.056 7.665 7.665 27.072 188.851 30.09 188.851 175.101 1.02 175.101 )  kN
csh  if V c  V str1 "OK" "NG"  T

MSTR
2 4 twa
hA1 devLoc   0.1 Clear_Span  0.1 Clear_Span   0.969 m Located at inflection point
M STR  MSTR 2
3 4 2 4
MSTR
2 6 twa
hA2 devLoc   0.1 Clear_Span  0.1 Clear_Span   0.918 m
M STR  MSTR 2
3 6 2 6
vA1 devLoc  tts  cover te  BarD  0.229 m vA2 devLoc  tbs  coverbe  BarD  0.255 m
4 1
Modification of Development Length (CHBDC 8.15.2.4)
Coating Factor k1  1.0 k1  1
Bar Size Factor k2  if BarNO  20 1.0 0.8 k2  1
 4 
Location Factor k3  1.0 k3  1
Development length (CHBDC 8.15.2.3)

fy fy
LdA1  0.18 k1 k2 k3  BarD  766.724  mm LdA2  0.18 k1 k2 k3  BarD  766.724  mm
fcr 4 fcr 1
Extension Length for Negative Moment Reinforcing (CHBDC 8.15.1.3)

ExA1length  maxLdA1 12 BarD 0.06 Clear_Span ds   766.724  mm
 4 4
ExA2length  maxLdA2 12 BarD 0.06 Clear_Span ds   766.724  mm
 1 1

CutoffA1h  ExA1length  hA1 devLoc  1.736 m CutoffA2h  ExA2length  hA2 devLoc  1.685 m

SpliceA1  max ( 300  mm 1.3 LdA1) (CHBDC 8.15.9.3) SpliceA1  996.741  mm
SpliceA2  max ( 300  mm 1.3 LdA2) SpliceA2  996.741  mm

3
CutoffA1v  SpliceA1  vA1devLoc CutoffA1v  1  10  mm
3
CutoffA2v  SpliceA2  vA2devLoc CutoffA2v  1  10  mm

QC comparison table
Steel reinforcement req Flexural strength check Shear strength check
1623.397  152.902   189.87 
     
 0   45.628  411.915 
1374.127  exterior wall 152.902  215.769 
     
1600.337  ------------------- 152.902   194.25 
 853.142  2 152.382  216.381 
A flex.req     mm Ma     kN m Vc     kN
 2518.348  top slab 223.832  196.244 
 853.142  152.382  216.381 
  -------------------    
 771.919  173.111  248.886 
 2333.72  220.819  206.584 
  bottom slab    
 771.919  173.111  248.886 

Eriksson
Culvert
2
Top Slab-Bar A100 0.671 0.675 -0.6%
Bottom Slab-Bar A200 0.619 0.609 1.6%
Bottom Corner-Bar A2 0.645 0.647 -0.3%
Top Slab-Bar CE1 0.288 0.288 0.0%
Top Slab-Bar C100 0.288 0.288 0.0%


Bottom Slab Left End 13.84 14.01 -1.2%
Exterior Wall Bottom 12.32 12.48 -1.3%
Exterior Wall Top 12.32 12.48 -1.3%
Load Rating
MBE 6A.4.2.1
A200- Flexure Operating Rating 1.33 1.34 -0.7%
Top Slab LT- Shear Inventory Rating 1.07 1.08 -0.9%
Bottom Slab LT-Shear Inventory Rating 1.27 1.29 -1.6%

By:
Job No. : 1 File: ETCulvert_VP8.etcx p. 1 of 4
Spec.: LRFD 8th ed.

Physical Dimensions
Clear Span: 16'-0"
Clear Height: 8'-0"
Top Slab: 1'-0"
Bottom Slab: 11"
Ext. Wall: 10" z
Fill Depth: 1.99 ft
8'-0"
x
Length: 8'-0"
Material Properties
Concrete
Type: Normal wt
Steel
Yield, fy: 60 ksi
1'-0"
Soil
Density: 0.120 kcf
Exposure Factor
y
Class 1 Exposure
8'-0"
Ext. Cover Walls 1"
Int. Cover Walls 1"
Int. Top Slab 1"
11"
Loads 10" 16'-0" 10"
Live Load
Max No. of Lanes: 1
Dead Load
Lateral Soil Loads

By:
Concrete Summary

Top Slab(Int) A100 10 7 10" S 17'-5" -- -- 356.0
Bot Slab(Int) A200 16 5 6" S 17'-5" -- -- 291.0
Top Slab(Ext) AE300 6 6 1'-6" S 17'-5" -- -- 157.0
Bot Slab(Ext) A400 6 6 1'-6" S 17'-5" -- -- 157.0
Corner(Top) AE1 16 8 1'-1" L 11'-1" 5'-6" 5'-7" 473.0
Corner(Bot) A2 16 8 1'-1" L 8'-7" 4'-7" 4'-0" 367.0
Longit. Top (Int) C100 11 6 1'-6" S 7'-11" -- -- 131.0
Longit. Bot (Int) C200 11 6 1'-6" S 7'-11" -- -- 131.0
Longit. Bot (Ext) C1 11 6 1'-6" S 7'-11" -- -- 130.7
Wall(Int) B1 12 6 1'-6" S 4'-2" -- -- 153.0
Wall(Int) B1 12 6 1'-6" S 4'-2" -- -- 153.0
Wall(Ext) B2 16 5 1'-1" S 3'-11" -- -- 134.0
Wall(Ext) B2 16 5 1'-1" S 3'-11" -- -- 134.0
3184
1'-4" 11 CE1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-4" 1'-4" 11 C100 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-4"
1'-2 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-2 1/2"
1'-2 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-2 1/2"
1'-2 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-2 1/2"
1'-2 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-2 1/2"
1'-4" 11 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-4" 1'-4" 11 C200 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-4"

By:
2 1/2" 8 B2 Bars @ 1'-1" 2 1/2"
2 1/2" 8 B2 Bars @ 1'-1" 2 1/2"
3"
3"
6 B1 Bars @ 1'-6"
6 B1 Bars @ 1'-6"
3"
3"
3" 6 AE300 Bars @ 1'-6" 3"
3" 10 A100 Bars @ 10" 3"

3" 6 A400 Bars @ 1'-6" 3"
3"
16 A200 Bars @ 6"
3"

By:
2 1/2" 8 AE1 Bars @ 1'-1" 2 1/2"
2 1/2" 8 AE1 Bars @ 1'-1" 2 1/2"
2 1/2" 8 A2 Bars @ 1'-1" 2 1/2"
2 1/2" 8 A2 Bars @ 1'-1" 2 1/2"


Sht:____of____
Filename: ETCulvert_VP8.etcx Culvert p. 1 of 9
Job No.: 1
CULVERT PROPERTIES
==================
Physical Dimensions
-------------------
Wall Joint: 0 in. from culvert center line, deflection restrained
Material Properties
-------------------
Concrete, Bot: Strength: 5.000 ksi Density: 0.150 kcf Elasticity: 4287 ksi
Concrete, Top: Strength: 5.000 ksi Density: 0.150 kcf Elasticity: 4287 ksi
Concrete, All: Type: Normal Weight Density Modification Factor : 1.00
Poisson's : 0.5
Loads
-----
1 8.00 0.00
2 32.00 14.00
3 32.00 14.00
Include Tandem: yes
Override MPF: no
Override DLA: no
Buoyancy Check : no
---------------------------
Max Min
DC: 1.250 0.900
DW: 1.500 0.650
EV: 1.300 0.900
EH: 1.350 0.900
WA: 1.000
EQ: 1.000
LL I : 1.750 LL II : 1.350
Reinforcement
-------------

Sht:____of____
Top Slab: 2.0000 in 1.0000 in
Walls : 1.0000 in 1.0000 in
Bot Slab: 1.0000 in 1.0000 in
Design Options
--------------
Member Thick.: Top Slab : Fixed Bottom Slab: Fixed
Ext. Wall: Fixed
Use Eq. 12.10.4.2.4a-1: no

Sht:____of____
DESIGN RESULTS
==============
--------------------------
Corner (Top) AE1 (AS1) 16 8 L-BAR 13.00 0.729 0.723 11- 1 473 5- 6 5- 7 AA
Ext Wall (ext) B2 (AS1) 16 5 STR 13.00 0.286 0.288 3-11 134 AA
Total 3184
AS Bar Marks
----------------
--------------------
Bar Splice Length
Mark Size (ft-in)
B1 6 2- 2
C1 6 2- 2
CE1 6 3- 2
C100 6 2- 2
C200 6 2- 2
-------------------------
Flexure Shear
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
(AA) HL-93 1.99 4 MID 1.02 1.33 1.99 2 LT 1.07 1.38

----------------------------------

Sht:____of____
BOT 8.50 -26.20 14.76 29.43 8.50 30.13 0.90 0.73a 14.31 1.26 1.63 AA 1.99
MID 53.75 0.25 3.05 12.40 8.63 11.97 0.90 0.29b 14.31 NC NC AA 1.99
MID- 53.75 -5.76 14.76 12.19 8.69 14.88 0.90 0.29b 14.31 3.48 4.52 AA 1.99
TOP 9.00 -29.21 14.76 29.43 8.50 30.13 0.90 0.73a 14.31 1.05 1.36 AA 1.99
LT 7.00 -23.62 7.71 33.07 9.50 32.17 0.90 0.73a 20.61 1.52 1.97 AA 1.99
MID 101.00 31.39 2.42 36.50 10.56 33.58 0.90 0.72a 20.61 1.10 1.42 AA 1.99
RT 7.00 -23.62 7.71 33.07 9.50 32.17 0.90 0.73a 20.61 1.52 1.97 AA 1.99
LT 7.50 -24.15 9.29 33.07 9.50 32.31 0.90 0.73a 17.32 1.59 2.06 AA 1.99
MID 101.00 26.68 3.82 28.90 9.69 27.07 0.90 0.62a 17.32 1.02 1.33 AA 1.99
RT 7.50 -23.68 9.29 33.07 9.50 32.31 0.90 0.73a 17.32 1.63 2.11 AA 1.99
------------------------------------------
BOT 13.15 8.21 -26.2 14.76 8.07 12.32 2.000 13.69b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.94 2.52 AA 1.99
MID 53.75 6.29 0.3 3.05 8.45 12.90 2.000 14.33b 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.08 3.99 AA 1.99
MID- 53.75 6.29 -5.8 14.76 8.52 13.00 2.000 14.45b 0.00 0.00 0.00 NC NC AA 1.99
TOP 13.65 -7.71 -29.2 14.76 8.07 12.32 2.000 13.69b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.94 2.51 AA 1.99
LT 13.64 13.23 -23.6 7.71 9.07 13.84 2.000 15.38b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.07 1.38 AA 1.99
MID 101.00 3.81 31.4 2.42 10.14 15.47 2.000 17.19b 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.06 5.27 AA 1.99
RT 13.64 13.23 -23.6 7.71 9.07 13.84 2.000 15.38b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.07 1.38 AA 1.99
LT 13.55 11.98 -24.2 9.29 9.07 13.84 2.000 15.38b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.27 1.64 AA 1.99
MID 101.00 0.03 26.7 3.82 9.32 14.23 2.000 15.81b 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.99 99.99 AA 1.99
RT 13.55 11.93 -23.7 9.29 9.07 13.84 2.000 15.38b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.28 1.65 AA 1.99

Sht:____of____
========================================================================================================
========================================================================================================
Load Parameters:
---------------
Fe = 1.02
------------------------
----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
Bottom Bottom
1- 0 -5.60 -4.68 0.00 -0.29 -0.06 0.00 1- 0 1.25 1.04 0.00 1.40 0.28 0.00
1- 1 -4.48 -3.74 0.00 0.70 0.14 0.00 1- 1 1.25 1.04 0.00 0.81 0.18 0.00
1- 2 -3.36 -2.81 0.00 1.18 0.25 0.00 1- 2 1.25 1.04 0.00 0.27 0.07 0.00
1- 3 -2.24 -1.87 0.00 1.20 0.26 0.00 1- 3 1.25 1.04 0.00 -0.23 -0.04 0.00
1- 4 -1.12 -0.94 0.00 0.79 0.18 0.00 1- 4 1.25 1.04 0.00 -0.67 -0.15 0.00
1- 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1- 5 1.25 1.04 0.00 -1.07 -0.25 0.00
1- 6 -2.72 -4.40 0.00 -0.15 -0.07 0.00 1- 6 -0.61 -0.98 0.00 -0.57 -0.28 0.00
1- 7 -2.72 -4.40 0.00 -0.15 -0.07 0.00 1- 7 -0.61 -0.98 0.00 -0.57 -0.28 0.00
1- 8 -2.72 -4.40 0.00 -0.15 -0.07 0.00 1- 8 -0.61 -0.98 0.00 -0.57 -0.28 0.00
1- 9 -2.72 -4.40 0.00 -0.15 -0.07 0.00 1- 9 -0.61 -0.98 0.00 -0.57 -0.28 0.00
1-10 -2.72 -4.40 0.00 -0.15 -0.07 0.00 1-10 -0.61 -0.98 0.00 -0.57 -0.28 0.00
Top Top
Left Left
2- 0 -2.72 -4.40 0.00 -0.15 -0.07 0.00 2- 0 1.34 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 1 -0.78 -1.29 0.00 -0.15 -0.07 0.00 2- 1 1.01 1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 2 0.71 1.14 0.00 -0.15 -0.07 0.00 2- 2 0.76 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 3 1.77 2.87 0.00 -0.15 -0.07 0.00 2- 3 0.50 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 4 2.41 3.90 0.00 -0.15 -0.07 0.00 2- 4 0.25 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 5 2.62 4.25 0.00 -0.15 -0.07 0.00 2- 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 6 2.41 3.90 0.00 -0.15 -0.07 0.00 2- 6 -0.25 -0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 7 1.77 2.87 0.00 -0.15 -0.07 0.00 2- 7 -0.50 -0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 8 0.71 1.14 0.00 -0.15 -0.07 0.00 2- 8 -0.76 -1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 9 -0.78 -1.29 0.00 -0.15 -0.07 0.00 2- 9 -1.01 -1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2-10 -2.72 -4.40 0.00 -0.15 -0.07 0.00 2-10 -1.34 -2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right Right
Left Left
4- 0 -5.60 -4.68 0.00 -0.29 -0.06 0.00 4- 0 2.46 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 1 -1.87 -1.56 0.00 -0.28 -0.06 0.00 4- 1 1.97 1.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 2 1.04 0.87 0.00 -0.27 -0.06 0.00 4- 2 1.48 1.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 3 3.11 2.60 0.00 -0.27 -0.06 0.00 4- 3 0.99 0.83 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 4 4.36 3.65 0.00 -0.26 -0.06 0.00 4- 4 0.50 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 5 4.78 4.00 0.00 -0.25 -0.05 0.00 4- 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 6 4.37 3.66 0.00 -0.24 -0.05 0.00 4- 6 -0.49 -0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 7 3.14 2.62 0.00 -0.24 -0.05 0.00 4- 7 -0.98 -0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 8 1.08 0.90 0.00 -0.23 -0.05 0.00 4- 8 -1.47 -1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 9 -1.81 -1.52 0.00 -0.22 -0.05 0.00 4- 9 -1.96 -1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4-10 -5.53 -4.62 0.00 -0.21 -0.05 0.00 4-10 -2.45 -2.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right Right
-----------------------------------
1 1.34 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 0.61 0.98 0.00 0.57 0.28 0.00
4 1.23 1.03 0.00 1.39 0.28 0.00
Truck 1 0.387 3.12
2 1.547 3.12 14.00
3 1.547 3.12 14.00
Tandem 1 1.209 3.12

Sht:____of____
2 1.209 3.12 4.00

--------------------

-------------------------------------------
Truck 1 0.387 3.12 22.42 Truck 1 0.387 3.12 22.42
2 1.547 3.12 8.42 2 1.547 3.12 8.42
3 1.547 3.12 -5.58 3 1.547 3.12 -5.58
Truck 1 0.387 3.12 29.56 Truck 1 0.387 3.12 29.27
2 1.547 3.12 15.56 2 1.547 3.12 15.27
3 1.547 3.12 1.56 3 1.547 3.12 1.27
Tandem 1 1.209 3.12 11.03 Tandem 1 1.209 3.12 10.44
2 1.209 3.12 7.03 2 1.209 3.12 6.44
Tandem 1 1.209 3.12 5.56 Tandem 1 1.209 3.12 15.27
2 1.209 3.12 1.56 2 1.209 3.12 11.27

-----------------------------------------------
Truck Tandem Lane
Bottom
1- 0 0.00 -10.49 2.34 0.00 0.00 -8.59 1.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 1 0.00 -8.39 2.34 0.00 0.00 -6.87 1.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 2 0.00 -6.29 2.34 0.00 0.00 -5.16 1.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 3 0.00 -4.20 2.34 0.00 0.00 -3.44 1.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 4 0.00 -2.10 2.34 0.00 0.00 -1.72 1.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 5 0.00 0.00 2.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 6 0.00 -7.67 0.00 -1.71 0.00 -11.29 0.00 -2.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 7 0.00 -7.67 0.00 -1.71 0.00 -11.29 0.00 -2.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 8 0.00 -7.67 0.00 -1.71 0.00 -11.29 0.00 -2.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 9 0.00 -7.67 0.00 -1.71 0.00 -11.29 0.00 -2.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1-10 0.00 -7.67 0.00 -1.71 0.00 -11.29 0.00 -2.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Top
Left
2- 0 0.00 -7.67 4.75 0.00 0.00 -11.29 5.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 1 2.81 -4.13 3.96 -0.13 2.19 -5.77 5.20 -0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 2 6.30 -1.67 3.42 -0.52 6.39 -1.92 4.44 -0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 3 8.79 -0.26 2.93 -1.00 10.12 -0.21 3.69 -0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 4 10.28 0.00 2.45 -1.48 12.31 0.00 2.93 -1.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 5 10.78 0.00 1.97 -1.97 12.97 0.00 2.18 -2.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 6 10.28 0.00 1.48 -2.45 12.31 0.00 1.43 -2.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 7 8.79 -0.26 1.00 -2.93 10.12 -0.21 0.82 -3.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 8 6.30 -1.67 0.52 -3.42 6.39 -1.92 0.40 -4.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 9 2.81 -4.13 0.13 -3.96 2.19 -5.77 0.10 -5.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2-10 0.00 -7.67 0.00 -4.75 0.00 -11.29 0.00 -5.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Sht:____of____
Right
Left
4- 0 0.00 -10.49 4.61 0.00 0.00 -8.59 3.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 1 0.00 -3.50 3.69 0.00 0.00 -2.87 3.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 2 1.94 0.00 2.77 0.00 1.59 0.00 2.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 3 5.83 0.00 1.85 0.00 4.78 0.00 1.52 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 4 8.17 0.00 0.93 0.00 6.69 0.00 0.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 5 8.96 0.00 0.01 0.00 7.34 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 6 8.20 0.00 0.00 -0.91 6.72 0.00 0.00 -0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 7 5.88 0.00 0.00 -1.84 4.82 0.00 0.00 -1.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 8 2.02 0.00 0.00 -2.76 1.65 0.00 0.00 -2.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 9 0.00 -3.40 0.00 -3.68 0.00 -2.78 0.00 -3.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4-10 0.00 -10.36 0.00 -4.60 0.00 -8.49 0.00 -3.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right

Sht:____of____
--------------------
A1 Top Corner Bar -18.6 9.34 33.22 13.00 13.83
A2 Bot Corner Bar -17.3 9.34 30.35 13.00 15.42
A100 Top Slab (int) 19.8 1.88 32.59 10.00 15.11
A200 Bot Slab (int) 17.6 2.96 35.80 6.00 13.76
B2 Ext Wall (ext) -3.8 9.34 4.55 13.00 99.99

--------------------------------------------------
BOT 8.50 -26.20 14.76 29.43 8.50 30.13 0.90 0.73a 14.31 1.26 1.63
MID 53.75 0.25 3.05 12.40 8.63 11.97 0.90 0.29b 14.31 NC NC
MID- 53.75 -5.76 14.76 12.19 8.69 14.88 0.90 0.29b 14.31 3.48 4.52
TOP 9.00 -29.21 14.76 29.43 8.50 30.13 0.90 0.73a 14.31 1.05 1.36
LT 7.00 -23.62 7.71 33.07 9.50 32.17 0.90 0.73a 20.61 1.52 1.97
MID 101.00 31.39 2.42 36.50 10.56 33.58 0.90 0.72a 20.61 1.10 1.42
RT 7.00 -23.62 7.71 33.07 9.50 32.17 0.90 0.73a 20.61 1.52 1.97
LT 7.50 -24.15 9.29 33.07 9.50 32.31 0.90 0.73a 17.32 1.59 2.06
MID 101.00 26.68 3.82 28.90 9.69 27.07 0.90 0.62a 17.32 1.02 1.33
RT 7.50 -23.68 9.29 33.07 9.50 32.31 0.90 0.73a 17.32 1.63 2.11
---------------------------------------------------------
BOT 13.15 8.21 -26.2 14.76 8.07 12.32 2.000 45.00 13.69b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.94 2.52
MID 53.75 6.29 0.3 3.05 8.45 12.90 2.000 45.00 14.33b 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.08 3.99
MID- 53.75 6.29 -5.8 14.76 8.52 13.00 2.000 45.00 14.45b 0.00 0.00 0.00 NC NC
TOP 13.65 -7.71 -29.2 14.76 8.07 12.32 2.000 45.00 13.69b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.94 2.51
LT 13.64 13.23 -23.6 7.71 9.07 13.84 2.000 45.00 15.38b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.07 1.38
MID 101.00 3.81 31.4 2.42 10.14 15.47 2.000 45.00 17.19b 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.06 5.27
RT 13.64 13.23 -23.6 7.71 9.07 13.84 2.000 45.00 15.38b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.07 1.38
LT 13.55 11.98 -24.2 9.29 9.07 13.84 2.000 45.00 15.38b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.27 1.64
MID 101.00 0.03 26.7 3.82 9.32 14.23 2.000 45.00 15.81b 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.99 99.99
RT 13.55 11.93 -23.7 9.29 9.07 13.84 2.000 45.00 15.38b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.28 1.65

Sht:____of____
----------------------------------------
Bottom
1- 0 -9.746 -31.937 3.053 14.758 9.406 3.866
1- 1 -6.203 -24.679 3.053 14.758 8.420 3.466
1- 2 -3.515 -18.067 3.053 14.758 7.499 2.545
1- 3 -1.623 -11.768 3.053 14.758 6.866 1.688
1- 4 -0.468 -5.755 3.053 14.758 6.564 0.897
1- 5 0.006 0.003 3.053 14.758 6.295 0.171
1- 6 -6.729 -29.207 3.053 14.758 -2.422 -7.715
1- 7 -6.729 -29.207 3.053 14.758 -2.422 -7.715
1- 8 -6.729 -29.207 3.053 14.758 -2.422 -7.715
1- 9 -6.729 -29.207 3.053 14.758 -2.422 -7.715
1-10 -6.729 -29.207 3.053 14.758 -2.422 -7.715
Top
Left
2- 0 -6.735 -29.213 2.697 7.715 14.758 3.053
2- 1 2.169 -13.072 2.422 7.715 12.494 2.389
2- 2 13.443 -1.319 2.422 7.715 10.323 1.643
2- 3 23.543 3.850 2.422 2.697 8.152 -0.052
2- 4 29.526 5.358 2.422 2.697 5.981 -1.748
2- 5 31.393 5.861 2.422 2.697 3.810 -3.810
2- 6 29.526 5.358 2.422 2.697 1.748 -5.981
2- 7 23.543 3.850 2.422 2.697 0.052 -8.152
2- 8 13.443 -1.319 2.422 7.715 -1.643 -10.323
2- 9 2.169 -13.072 2.422 7.715 -2.389 -12.494
2-10 -6.735 -29.213 2.697 7.715 -3.053 -14.758
Right
Left
4- 0 -9.746 -31.937 4.398 9.292 13.837 4.076
4- 1 -3.570 -10.969 4.398 9.292 11.075 3.263
4- 2 5.638 1.240 3.820 4.398 8.314 2.451
4- 3 17.301 4.682 3.820 4.398 5.553 1.639
4- 4 24.317 6.758 3.820 4.398 2.792 0.827
4- 5 26.684 7.465 3.820 4.398 0.030 0.012
4- 6 24.403 6.806 3.820 4.398 -0.798 -2.736
4- 7 17.474 4.779 3.820 4.398 -1.610 -5.497
4- 8 5.897 1.385 3.820 4.398 -2.422 -8.258
4- 9 -3.376 -10.561 4.398 9.292 -3.235 -11.019
4-10 -9.505 -31.427 4.398 9.292 -4.047 -13.781
Right

Type II Precast Box Culvert with 0˚ skew, LRFD Specs
1.1 Input
1.3 Loads
1.14 Load Rating

Description: Eriksson Culvert verification problem 8. Design of a single cell, type II precast box
culvert with no skew
References:
3
1.1 Input
K 1  1.0 Agg max  1.5in λ  1.0

Soil: γs  120pcf
Geometry: Box Culvert: H t  8ft W  16ft L  8ft skew  0deg Clear_Span  W
tts  12in tbs  11in twa  10in th  8in

Reinforcement : cover te  2in cover be  1in cover we  1in
Cover
cover ti  1in cover bi  1in cover wi  1in
Live Load Surcharge height: LSht  2ft
Future Wearing Surface: w ws  0psf




Design_Span L
 16.833  8  ft
tts cos( skew)
Design_Span
 18

(LRFD 12.11.2.1)
L
 4 ft
cos( skew)
1.3 Loads
Dead Loads (DC):
2
single haunch: th
w dha  wc 1 ft w dha  0.033  kip
weight 2
1 kip

w bottom  0.283 
ft

kip
ft
Bc  17.667 ft
width
  F e  1.023
 H 
s
 Bc  (LRFD 12.11.2.2)
 
kip
w e  Fe γs  Hs  1 ft w e  0.244 
ft
pressures
Minimum Case
kip
ft
kip
 
ft
Maximum Case
kip
ft
kip

ft
Live Load : kip

kip
Maximum Case ft

(WA)


 Hs 
DLA  0.33 1  0.125   DLA  24.791 % (LRFD 3.6.2.2)
 ft 
 1.2 
 
 1.00 
(LRFD 3.6.1.2.6) (LRFD 3.6.1.2.5)
(LRFD Table 3.6.1.1.2-1) (LRFD 3.6.1.3.1)

Eperp  min2  L 96in  1.44in
Clear_Span 
(LRFD 4.6.2.10.2-1)
 Eperp  9.92 ft
 ft 


T T
T

N Lanes  1
 

 saxle
DisWid  Eperp
qq

Axleload 
qq
Axleload
otherwise
DisWid  Eperp
qq q

q
Axleload 
qq q

T
q  
Maxaxle

Al otherwise
 

q
Truck:

WTruck  ( 0.387 1.547 1.547 )  ksf

P truck  ( 1.208 4.831 4.831 )  klf
Tandem:

Wtandem  ( 1.209 1.209 )  ksf

P tandem  ( 3.774 3.774 )  klf
Lane Loading:

Bottom Slab Loading
 

 for q  1  naxle 

 q q 


Ptop 
q  paxle
j
P top 
q  

j 1 j 1
 
 Ptop P top 
Truck: 0.072 0.287 

0.646 0.646 
Tandem:
 

0.224 0.224 
  ksf
0.448 0.448 
Load Modifier: 
ηmin  min
 1
1.0
 (LRFD 1.3.2.1-3)

Load Min. Max
DC 0.90 1.25 1.0 -
DW 0.65 1.50 1.0 -
EV 0.90 1.30 1.0 -
EH 0.90 1.35 1.0 -
LL 1.75 1.75 1.0 0.75
LS 1.75 1.75 1.0 -
WA 0.00 1.00 1.0 -

Properties:
1 5 8 1 6
2 6 9
h  tbs 3 8
4 9
4 5 10
T T
h  ( 10 10 10 10 12 12 12 11 11 11 )  in cover  ( 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 )  in

assumed to be a rigid two dimensional frame, with pin-roller bottom slab supports and moment releases at the joints in
the walls. All vertical loading from the top slab is assumed to be uniformly distributed along the bottom slab as performed
in Eriksson Culvert. A more refined method of analysis requires knowledge of the in-situ soil properties to select an
appropriate soil stiffness (LRFD 12.11.2.3). The haunches are not included in the structural analysis model which is
shown in Figure 3.

Exterior Wall:
 5.60 4.68 0.00  0.29  0.06 0.00 0.00  10.49   1.25 1.04 0.00 1.40 0.28 0.00 2.34 0.00 
   
 4.48  3.74 0.00 0.70 0.14 0.00 0.00  8.39
  1.25 1.04 0.00 0.81 0.18 0.00 2.34 0.00

 3.36 2.81 0.00 1.18 0.25 0.00 0.00  6.29   1.25 1.04 0.00 0.27 0.07 0.00 2.34 0.00 
 2.24 1.87 0.00 1.20 0.26 0.00 0.00  4.20
  1.25 1.04 0.00  0.23  0.04 0.00 2.34 0.00

   
 1.12 0.94 0.00 0.79 0.18 0.00 0.00  2.10   1.25 1.04 0.00  0.67  0.15 0.00 2.34 0.00 
M wa   0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 kip ft V wa   0.61
  0.98 0.00  1.07  0.25 0.00 0.00  2.52   kip
   
 0.54 0.88 0.00 0.47 0.18 0.00 0.00  2.26   0.61  0.98 0.00  0.35 0.15 0.00 0.00  2.52 
 1.09 1.76 0.00 0.65 0.26 0.00 0.00  4.52   0.61  0.98 0.00 0.05 0.04 0.00 0.00  2.52 
   
 1.63 2.64 0.00 0.57 0.25 0.00 0.00  6.78   0.61  0.98 0.00  0.21  0.07 0.00 0.00  2.52 
 2.18 3.52 0.00 0.29 0.14 0.00 0.20  9.04   0.61  0.98 0.00  0.41  0.18 0.00 0.00  2.52 
   
 2.72 4.40 0.00  0.15  0.07 0.00 0.10  11.29   0.61  0.98 0.00  0.57  0.28 0.00 0.00  2.52 
P wa  (  1.34  2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  4.75 )  kip
Top Slab:
 2.72  4.40 0.00  0.15  0.07 0.00 0.00  11.29   1.34 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.95 0.00 
   
 0.78  1.29 0.00  0.15  0.07 0.00 2.81  5.77
  1.01 1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.20  0.13

 0.71 1.14 0.00  0.15  0.07 0.00 6.39  1.92   0.76 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.44  0.52 
 1.77 2.87 0.00  0.15  0.07 0.00 10.12  0.26
  0.50 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.69  1.00

   
 2.41 3.90 0.00  0.15  0.07 0.00 12.31 0.00   0.25 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.93  1.48 
M ts   2.62 4.25 0.00  0.15  0.07 0.00 12.97 0.00 kip ftV ts   0.00
 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.18  2.18   kip
   
 2.41 3.90 0.00  0.15  0.07 0.00 12.31 0.00   0.25  0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.48  2.93 
 1.77 2.87 0.00  0.15  0.07 0.00 10.12  0.26   0.50  0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00  3.69 
   
 0.71 1.14 0.00  0.15  0.07 0.00 6.39  1.92   0.76  1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.52  4.44 
 0.78  1.29 0.00  0.15  0.07 0.00 2.81  5.77   1.01  1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13  5.20 
   
 2.72  4.40 0.00  0.15  0.07 0.00 0.00  11.29   1.34  2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  5.95 
P ts  ( 0.61 0.98 0.00  0.57  0.28 0.00 0.00  1.71 )  kip

Bottom Slab:
5.60  4.68 0.00  0.29  0.06 0.00 0.00  10.49   2.46 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.61 
0.00
   
1.87  1.56 0.00  0.29  0.06 0.00 0.00  3.50
  1.97 1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.69 0.00

 1.04 0.87 0.00  0.29  0.06 0.00 1.94 0.00   1.47 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.77 0.00 
 3.11 2.60 0.00  0.29  0.06 0.00 5.83 0.00
  0.98 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.85 0.00

   
 4.36 3.65 0.00  0.29  0.06 0.00 8.17 0.00   0.49 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.93 0.00 
M bs   4.78 4.00 0.00  0.29  0.06 0.00 8.96 0.00 kip ft V bs   0.00
 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06  0.06   kip
   
 4.37 3.66 0.00  0.29  0.06 0.00 8.20 0.00    0.49  0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  0.93 
 3.14 2.62 0.00  0.29  0.06 0.00 5.88 0.00  0.98  0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  1.85 
   
 1.08 0.90 0.00  0.29  0.06 0.00 2.02 0.00    1.47  1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  2.77 
1.81  1.52 0.00  0.29  0.06 0.00 0.00  3.50  1.97  1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  3.69 
   
5.53  4.62 0.00  0.29  0.06 0.00 0.00  10.49    2.46  2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  4.61 
P bs  (  1.23  1.03 0.00  1.39  0.28 0.00 0.00  2.31 )  kip

Load Combinations:
Strength II: N/A

 
Str1.c Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 i 6 j
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 6 i 6 j

Cc  augment C1 C2 C3 
 i
  T i
  minC T 
Cp  if j = 1 maxCc
i j      c  
 i j i j  i j i j 
Combo



TSstr1c.v  Str1.c V ts 11  WAstr1c.v  Str1.c V wa 11   
BSstr1c.v  Str1.c Vbs 11 
 
Str1 C Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4
i 5 i 6
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5
i 6 i 6 j
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 6 i 6 j
Cp


 
Sv 1.c Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
γsmin
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 γsmax i 6 i 6 j

 i
  T i 
 minCcT 
i j       
 i j i j  i j i j 
Combo

Sv 1 C Intf i2  for j  1  2

for i  1  i2

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5

i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
γsmin
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 γsmax i 6 i 6 j
Cp



 9.748  31.938  6.733  29.202  9.748  31.938  10.425  21.12  7.195  18.63  10.425  21.12 
   
 6.208  24.515 2.13  13.075  3.583  10.987
  7.38  16.26 0.665  8.06  3.575  7.28

 3.522  17.799 13.417  1.315 5.565 1.223   4.74  11.87 8.165  0.29 3.705 1.56 
 1.624  11.501 23.518 3.851 17.209 4.643
  2.65  7.71 14.685 4.16 11.395 5.36

   
 0.473  5.586 29.49 5.354 24.231 6.712   1.09  3.765 18.545 6.09 16.035 7.66 
M str1   0 0 31.363 5.858 26.594 7.406  kip ftMs1   0
 0 19.765 6.65 17.595 8.43  
   
 0.329  5.351 29.49 5.354 24.309 6.731   0.77  3.445 18.545 6.09 16.085 7.68 
 1.233  10.975 23.518 3.851 17.36 4.688   1.94  7.045 14.685 4.16 11.495 5.41 
   
 2.636  16.822 13.417  1.315 5.794 1.286   3.45  10.765 8.165  0.29 3.855 1.63 
 4.493  22.86 2.13  13.075  3.494  10.86   5.07  14.595 0.665  8.06  3.475  7.18 
   
 6.733  29.202  6.733  29.202  9.631  31.773    7.095  18.63  7.195  18.63  10.295  20.99 
 9.389 4.175 14.766 3.06 13.821 4.068   6.31 2.99 9.35 3.4 9.13 4.52 
   
 8.418 3.47 12.495 2.385 11.052 3.249
  5.62 2.695 7.85 2.52 7.3 3.61

 7.497 2.548 10.319 1.639 8.284 2.43   4.97 2.425 6.43 1.47 5.47 2.7 
 6.803 1.681 8.149  0.059 5.529 1.62
  4.515 2.02 5.01 0.32 3.65 1.8

   
 6.407 0.894 5.973  1.745 2.773 0.81   4.295 1.47 3.59  0.82 1.83 0.9 
V str1   2.999  8.329 3.815  3.815 0.105  0.105   kip V s1   2.125  5.43 2.18  2.18 0.06  0.06   kip
   
 1.641  6.761 1.745  5.973  0.81  2.773  1.765  4.31 0.82  3.59  0.9  1.83 
 1.294  6.402 0.059  8.149  1.62  5.529    1.5 4.085  0.32  5.01  1.8  3.65 
   
 1.837  6.853  1.639  10.319  2.43  8.284  1.695  4.39  1.47  6.43  2.7  5.47 
 2.3  7.315  2.385  12.495  3.249  11.052  1.795  4.7  2.52  7.85  3.61  7.3 
   
 2.55  7.706  3.06  14.766  4.068  13.821  1.875  4.96  3.4  9.35  4.52  9.13 

 3.06  12.666 0.172  2.216  4.401  9.285  3.4 8.15 1.305 0.97  2.955  6.24 
   
 3.06  12.666 1.523  2.216  4.401  9.285
 3.4  8.15 1.305  0.97  2.955  6.24

 3.06  12.666 1.523  2.216  4.128  4.401  3.4  8.15 1.305  0.97  2.955  3.93 
 3.06  12.666 1.523 0.172  4.128  4.401
 3.4  8.15 1.305  0.97  2.955  3.93

   
 3.06  12.666 1.523 0.172  4.128  4.401  3.4  8.15 1.305 0.74  2.955  3.93 
P str1   3.06  3.06 1.523 0.172  4.128  4.401   kip P s1   3.4  3.4 1.305 0.74  2.955  3.93   kip
   
 3.06  12.666 1.523 0.172  4.128  4.401  3.4  8.15 1.305 0.74  2.955  3.93 
 3.06  12.666 1.523 0.172  4.128  4.401  3.4  8.15 1.305  0.97  2.955  3.93 
   
 3.06  12.666 1.523  2.216  4.128  4.401  3.4  8.15 1.305  0.97  2.955  3.93 
 3.06  12.666 1.523  2.216  4.401  9.285  3.4  8.15 1.305  0.97  2.955  6.24 
   
 3.06  12.666 0.172  2.216  4.401  9.285  3.4  8.15 1.305  0.97  2.955  6.24 

 
 tbs 0.5   th  twa 0.5 

   8.5   "BOT" 
  53.75  "MID +" 
    98.5   "TOP"  -------------------
 twa 0.5   th  tts 0.5   7   "LT" 
        -------------------
 twa 0.5   th  tbs 0.5   7.5   "LT" 
   101   "MID" 
  wa h bs 
Db
i 2 i  i 
 1 
     
ts v.assume4
      
  93.85   "TOP"  -------------------
 5   13.64   "LT" 
  7      -------------------
 twa 0.5  dv.assume   13.55   "LT" 
 8   101   "MID" 
 188.45   "RT" 
  10 
LB  1 UB  1
jj1 jj1
LB  j  1 UB  j
LB UB

j j j
 
for t  t1  t2

t

t
CS t  Ltrace
lt
Pert 
Ltrace  Ltrace
h t l t
Intforce

M str1.wall  Intforce CSmoment Lwa M str1 1 2 1 4  
V str1.wall  Intforce CSshear Lwa V str1 1 2 1 4 

M str1.ts  Intforce CS moment Lts Mstr1 3 4 5 7  V str1.ts  Intforce  CSshear Lts Vstr1 3 4 5 7 

 
M sr1 Mst  for g  1  10  
P sr1 Pst  for g  1  10
2 if Section
T
 g = "Neg"
1 otherwise
1 otherwise
P str  P st
M str  M st
g 
g  Case 
g 
g  Case
g 
g
P str  1
M str
 
V sr1 Vsr  for g  1  10
g  g 1 g 2 
Vstr

 8.21  14.76   "BOT" 
 26.07       
   8.33   3.05  "MID +" 
 0   8.33  14.76   "MID -" 
 5.59  exterior wall
     
   7.19  14.76   "TOP" 
 23.89  -------------------
13.23   7.71   "LT" 
 23.61  V str1     kip N str1     kip  
M str1     kip ft  3.82   2.42   "MID"  top slab
 31.36  13.23   7.71   "RT" 
 23.61        -------------------
  11.96   9.29   "LT" 
 24.16   0.11   3.82   "MID" 
 26.59        bottom slab
  11.96   9.29   "RT" 
 24.01 
17.277  5.475   8.15   "BOT" 
       
 0   5.43   3.4  "MID +" 
  3.765   5.43   8.15   "MID -"  exterior wall
       
15.252  4.616   8.15   "TOP"  -------------------
14.967  8.337   0.97   "LT" 
 19.765   2.18  1.305   "MID"  top slab
14.967  8.337   0.97   "RT" 
        -------------------
15.981  7.902   6.24   "LT" 
 17.595   0.06   2.955   "MID"  bottom slab
       
15.863  7.902   6.24   "RT" 
M d.wa  Mwa
j j 1
 γDC  M wa
j 2
 γEV  M wa
j 3
 γDW  M wa
j 4
 γEH 
M d.ts  Mts
j j 1
 γDC  M ts
j 2
 γEV  M ts
j 3
 γDW  M ts
j 4
 γEH  
j j 1 j 2 j 3 j 4
 

 10.346   "BOT" 
   
 0  "MID +" 
   
 7.302   "TOP"  -------------------
 7.081   "LT" 
Md     kip ft  
 8.597   "MID"  top slab
 7.081   "RT" 
    -------------------
 10.238   "LT" 
 10.784   "MID" 
 10.087   "RT" 
2.0 0.33
 wc   fc' 
emin  max  1 in 0.1 hi
i
 M str1 
i
i  i Nstr1 
 i 
T
cecc  ( "OK" "NG" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

if emin  
i i
M str1  Mstr1 emin  Nstr1  if M str1  0.0
i  i Nstr1 i i i Mstr1  i
 i i 
Mstr1 otherwise
i
T
M str1  (  26.068 0  5.586  23.892  23.614 31.363  23.614  24.159 26.594  24.008 )  kip ft
 k Ht 
 r 
q  1  4

Md
q T
β d  if M str1  0.0 β d  ( 0.397 0 0.278 0.306 )
q Mstr1 q
q
0.0 otherwise
3
twa  b Ec Ig
Cm  1 Ig  ϕk  0.75 EIq  (LRFD 5.6.4.3-2)
12 2.5 1  βd 
  q
2
π  EIq
P c  T
P c  ( 352.069 491.792 384.674 376.669 )  kip
 
q 2
k Ht
 Cm
δq  min 1.0   T
   Nstr1   (LRFD 4.5.3.2.2) δ  (1 1 1 1 )
 1   q  
   ϕk Pc  
   q  

7   "BOT"  11 
     
6  "MID +"  18 
     
7   "TOP"  ------------------- 11 
7   "LT"  11  in
BarNO      spacing   
7   "MID"  top slab 10  ft
7   "RT"  11 
    -------------------  
7   "LT"  11 
     
7   "RT"  11 
i  i BarA  ( 0.6 0.44 0.31 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.31 0.6 )  in
i  i BarD  ( 0.875 0.75 0.625 0.875 0.875 0.875 0.875 0.875 0.625 0.875 )  in
BarD
i T
ds  hi  coveri  ds  ( 8.563 8.625 8.688 8.563 9.562 10.562 9.562 9.563 9.688 9.563 )  in
i 2
BarD
i T
dc  ( 1.438 1.375 1.313 1.438 2.438 1.438 2.438 1.438 1.313 1.438 )  in
i 2
  fc'  4 ksi   
  ksi 
Mstr1
i T
Rn  Rn  ( 0.356 0 0.074 0.326 0.258 0.281 0.258 0.264 0.283 0.263 )  ksi
i 2
ϕf  b ds 
 
i

 fc' 2  Rn 
 i  T
ρreq  0.85  1  1  ρreq  ( 0.0062 0 0.0012 0.0057 0.0044 0.0049 0.0044 0.0045 0.0049 0.0045 )
i fy 0.85 fc' 
 
T 2
A s_req  ρreq  ds  b A s_req  ( 0.637 0 0.13 0.581 0.51 0.615 0.51 0.522 0.569 0.519 )  in
i i i
BarA
i
sp req  if A s_req  0.0
i A s_req i
i
spacing i otherwise
T in
sp req  ( 11.307 18 28.673 12.386 14.121 11.709 14.121 13.792 6.542 13.881 ) 
ft
T
csp  if sp req  spacing i "OK" "NG"  csp  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
i  i 
i
M a  1 kip ft
while Ma  Mstr1
i
2 2
2
As_req2 fy
c
0.85 fc'  β1 b
 β 1 c 
 i 2 

P o2  0.85 fc'  b hi  As_req  A s_req2 fy 
i
 hi   hi 
i 2 i  i 2
0.003  Es ds 
ab  β 1 
 i
 0.003  Es  fy
 hi 
 
 i 2

 i
M n.all 
 o2 cc 
 Mtc2  Mcc 
 

 Mtc2  Mn2 
 N   Mn2 if N str1  Ptc2
  0.647 
i 0.000 
M tc2 otherwise
0.140 
 
ϕ 0.75 if Nstr1  Pcc 0.591 
i 0.520  2
i 0.675 
0.520 
 ( 0.75  0.90)   M
0.90    M  otherwise  
 Mcc  Mtc2  n.all tc2 0.532 
0.609 
0.529 
A s_req2

BarA
i T 2
A s  A s  ( 0.65 0.29 0.34 0.65 0.65 0.72 0.65 0.65 0.62 0.65 )  in
i spacing i
As  fy
i
ci  T
0.85 fc'  β1 b c  ( 0.96 0.43 0.5 0.96 0.96 1.06 0.96 0.96 0.91 0.96 )  in
 ds  ci 
 i 
εt  0.003   T
 εt  ( 0.024 0.057 0.049 0.024 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.027 0.029 0.027 )
i  ci 
 ci 
i  ds 
 i 
T
a  ( 0.77 0.35 0.4 0.77 0.77 0.85 0.77 0.77 0.73 0.77 )  in
 ai 
M n  As  fy ds   T
i i  i 2 M n  ( 26.76 12.4 14.35 26.76 30.04 36.5 30.04 30.04 28.9 30.04 )  kip ft
T
M r  ϕf  M n M r  ( 26.76 12.4 14.35 26.76 30.04 36.5 30.04 30.04 28.9 30.04 )  kip ft
i i

T
P o  0.85 fc'  b hi  A s   A s  fy P o  ( 546.5 526.4 528.9 546.5 648.5 652.1 648.5 597.5 595.6 597.5 )  kip
i  i i

 hi   hi 
i i i i i 2 i i  i 2
T
P tc  ( 91.73 114.36 112.63 91.73 107.03 118.41 107.03 107.03 111.02 107.03 )  kip
T
M tc  ( 52.223 46.074 47.184 52.223 67.324 75.891 67.324 62.864 62.966 62.864 )  kip ft
0.003  Es ds 
 i  hi 
i  0.003  Es  fy i i i i i  i i  i 2
T
P cc  ( 167.49 190.67 189.49 167.49 191.63 211.85 191.63 191.63 196.72 191.63 )  kip
T
M cc  ( 62.88 56.66 57.69 62.88 83.55 90.8 83.55 75.57 75.49 75.57 )  kip ft

i  i i i 

 i i

Ext. Wall Top
 i i  400
 Mtc  Mn 
 i i
 i 
i i i
M tc otherwise
i

i i
0
0 20 40 60 80
i i
0.90  
 ( 0.75  0.90)   M
 
T
ϕ  ( 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 )
i i M a  ( 27.77 11.97 16.79 27.77 29.45 33.57 29.45 29.60 27.07 29.60 )  kip ft

fc'
ksi
3
b  hi
i 12
Ig
Neutral Axis 2 i yi
Flexural cracking
variability factor
Cracking moment 
M cr  γ3  γ1 fr  S c
  
i  i  i i 
T
 As 
 i 
c4.3.2  if   0.001 "OK" "NG"  (LRFD 12.11.4.3.2)
i  b hi 
T


700  γe dc
β s fss 
0.7 h  dc 
0.75 otherwise
 dc  As Es
β s  1  i i
ρi  n  (LRFD 5.6.1) n  6.315
i  0.7hi  dc   b ds Ec
  i  i
M s1.abs  M s1
 Ms1.abs 
hi   
ei 1
ei  max 1.15 ds 
i
 ds  j i  min0.9 0.74  0.1   i12.11.3 
 N s1 i 2 i   ds i  ds 
 i    i   i
 1  j i e 
 i 
  hi  
 Ms1.abs  Ns1  ds    700 in γe
i  i 2
fss  min  i
0.60fy (LRFD C.12.11.3) s max1   2  dc
i  As  j i i12.11.3  ds  i fss i (LRFD 5.6.7)
 i i i  βs 
i
i ksi
T
fss  ( 34.408 1.462 7.683 29.589 31.015 9.122 31.015 29.011 36 28.758 )  ksi
T
s max1  ( 13.53 387.34 72.31 16.21 11.67 61.37 11.67 16.99 13.67 17.16 )  in
s max2  min  1.5 hi 18in

i (LRFD 5.10.3.2)
T
s max  min smax1 s max2  s max  ( 13.5 15 15 15 11.7 18 11.7 16.5 13.7 16.5 )  in
i  i i

i  i 
T

Rigorous Method
h
in
As 2 M s1.abs
in kip in
in kip
Steel Centroid to
dc.r  dc
tension fiber
Guess x  3
Given
   hr     hr  As.r   hr  A s.r
3 i  2 i  i i  i
i i

T
x  ( 0.281 1.728 0.379 0.286 0.24 0.229 0.24 0.266 0.241 0.266 in
)
  hr 
i 
xi  i i  i 2  1 
j i  1  fc  fss  fc  n   1
i i
T
fc  ( 2.11 0.038 0.502 1.863 1.513 1.633 1.513 1.634 1.793 1.622 )  ksi
 dc.r  700 in γe


β s.r  1 
i  s max.r   2  dc.r (LRFD 5.6.7)
i  0.7hr  in  dc.r   i fss i
  i i 
β s.r 
i
i ksi
fss  ( 34.08  0.1 5.21 29.37 30.31 34.73 30.31 28.53 35.69 28.28 )  ksi
s max.r  ( 13.69  5688.21 107.97 16.35 12.06 14 12.06 17.33 13.81 17.5 )  in
by 1-2% typically.
i  i 
i
i  i 
T

Spacing From
Eriksson Culvert
6  18  "C1-Bottom Slab" 
     
T

ii ii
T 2
ii  ii
BarA.ts 2
ii T in
A s.ts  A s.ts  ( 0.293 0.293 0.293 ) 
ii spacing ts ft
ii
1.3 b hts
ii
A s.ts.req 
ii b  hts  (LRFD 5.10.6)
fy
2
 ii

in ksi

2
 ii

check5.10.8_1  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" )

2 2 T
check5.10.8_2  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" )
ii  ii 
ii
  T
s max.ts  ( 18 18 18 )  in (LRFD 5.10.6)
ii
  T
s max.ts2  ( 18 18 18 )  in (LRFD 5.10.3.2)


4  10   "C100-Top Slab" 
iii  1  2 4  12  "C200-Bottom Slab" 
 iii iii BarD.ds  ( 0.5 0.5 )  in
iii  iii BarA.ds  ( 0.2 0.2 )  in
BarA.ds 2
iii T in
A s.ds  A s.ds  ( 0.24 0.2 ) 
iii spacing ds ft
iii

 1 
(LRFD 9.7.3.2)
 
 ft 

1
6  
2
in
A s.dis.top  0.288 
ft

 1 

β  2.0 (LRFD 5.7.3.4.1)
 ai 
i  i i 2
T
dv  ( 8.177 8.452 8.489 8.177 9.177 10.139 9.177 9.177 9.323 9.177 )  in
  fc' 

minksi 0.0676λ
i
 b dv 
i
V c.5.12.7.3   4.6ft   b dv 0.126 ksi λ if Ms1  0.0 (LRFD 5.12.7.3)
i   ksi b dv Ms1  i ksi i i
  i i  
fc'
0.126 ksi λ  b dv otherwise
ksi i

V c  if H s  2.0ft V c.5.12.7.3 Vc.5.7.3.3 
T
V c  ( 13.868 14.334 14.395 13.868 15.563 17.194 15.563 15.563 15.81 15.563 )  kip
i i
6
T
V r  ( 12.48 12.90 12.96 12.48 14.01 13.85 14.01 14.01 14.23 14.01 )  kip



Location  
Location factor 
4 4
 4  4 
factor As
4
2 Atr
Transverse in in
A tr  0.20 s tr  12 ntr  1.0 ktr  40  0.667  in
index
 BarD

4
 2 
  BarD  
Confinement
  4  
Mod c  min max 0.4 1.0  0.4 Mod c  0.4
 c  k  

Ldp   2.4 BarD   Ldp  31.763 in
λ  4 fc' 
 ksi 
 ksi 

Ld  max Ldp 12in  Ld  31.763 in
 4 4 



ASTM M-dimension

BarAS BarAs7  2
Spacing As7
Moment capacity:
 As7 fy
cAs7   0.294  in
Depth of steel: 2
  dAs7  cAs7 
 cAs7 
 
 cAs7  
 dAs7  
  
  aAs7 
  2 
 2    0.1 Design_Span  2.043  ft
 2 1 
Development of As7:
 4 4  4  4 
4 4
  4 
 fy 1.25in BarA4 fy 

Base Length:
 
   25.2 in
4 ksi
 fc' 
 kip 
 ksi 
Ld  max 12.0in Ldp  25.2 in


M dimension:


1.14 Load Rating

interpolated



 
RF C Intf γLL  for i  1  10

 T


 
T
 i 8 i 7 
i
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF 1 
i γLL  LLmod
i
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF 2 
 i i 5
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF 3  if γLL
i γLL  Intf
i 5
99.99 otherwise


 T i
i   
RF min

 
T
IRmoment  RF Cmoment Mrat.all γLL IRmoment  ( 1.11 99.99 4.05 1.24 1.35 1.10 1.35 1.39 1.03 1.40 )
 
T
IRshear  RFs Cshear Vrat.all γLL IRshear  ( 1.98 36.06 1.95 2.30 1.08 3.63 1.08 1.29 99.99 1.29 )

Table 3.4.1-2
 
T
OR moment  RF Cmoment M rat.all γLL.OR OR moment  ( 1.44 99.99 5.25 1.6 1.75 1.42 1.75 1.8 1.34 1.82 )
 
T
OR shear  RFs Cshear V rat.all γLL.OR OR shear  ( 2.56 46.74 2.53 2.98 1.4 4.71 1.4 1.68 99.99 1.68 )

Eriksson
Culvert
2
Top Slab-Bar A100 1.389 1.379 0.7%
Bottom Slab-Bar A200 0.729 0.721 1.1%
Top Slab-Bar CE1 0.288 0.288 0.0%
Top Slab-Bar C100 0.288 0.288 0.0%

Bottom Slab Left End 29.02 29.67 -2.2%

Load Rating
MBE 6A.4.2.1
A100-Flexure Inventory Rating 1.05 1.06 -0.9%
A100-Flexure Operating Rating 1.36 1.37 -0.7%
Bottom Slab LT-Shear Inventory Rating 1.31 1.29 1.6%

By:
Spec.: LRFD 8th ed.

Physical Dimensions
Clear Span: 16'-0"
Clear Height: 8'-0"
Top Slab: 1'-0"
Bottom Slab: 11"
Ext. Wall: 10" z
Fill Depth: 1.99 ft
8'-0"
x
Length: 8'-0"
Material Properties
Concrete
Type: Normal wt
Steel
Yield, fy: 60 ksi
1'-0"
Soil
Density: 0.120 kcf
Exposure Factor
y
Class 1 Exposure
8'-0"
Ext. Cover Walls 1"
Int. Cover Walls 1"
Int. Top Slab 1"
11"
Loads 10" 16'-0" 10"
Live Load
Max No. of Lanes: 1
Dead Load
Lateral Soil Loads

By:
Concrete Summary

Top Slab(Int) A100 20 7 5" S 17'-5" -- -- 712.0
Bot Slab(Int) A200 20 5 5" S 17'-5" -- -- 363.0
Top Slab(Ext) AE300 6 6 1'-6" S 17'-5" -- -- 157.0
Bot Slab(Ext) A400 6 6 1'-6" S 17'-5" -- -- 157.0
Corner(Top) AE1 18 5 11" L 6'-9" 3'-4" 3'-5" 127.0
Corner(Bot) A2 18 7 11" L 7'-10" 4'-7" 3'-3" 288.0
Wall(Int) B1 12 6 1'-6" S 8'-5" -- -- 153.0
Wall(Ext) B2 18 6 11" S 7'-11" -- -- 216.0
Longit. Top (Int) C100 11 6 1'-6" S 7'-11" -- -- 131.0
Longit. Bot (Int) C200 11 6 1'-6" S 7'-11" -- -- 131.0
Longit. Bot (Ext) C1 11 6 1'-6" S 7'-11" -- -- 130.7
2982
1'-4" 11 CE1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-4" 1'-4" 11 C100 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-4"
1'-2 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-2 1/2"
1'-2 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-2 1/2"
1'-2 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-2 1/2"
1'-2 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-2 1/2"

1'-4" 11 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-4" 1'-4" 11 C200 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-4"

By:
3"
3"
4"
4"
6 B1 Bars @ 1'-6"
6 B1 Bars @ 1'-6"
9 B2 Bars @ 11"
9 B2 Bars @ 11"
4"
4"
3"
3"
1/2"
3" 6 AE300 Bars @ 1'-6" 3"
1/2" 20 A100 Bars @ 5"

1/2"
3" 6 A400 Bars @ 1'-6" 3"
1/2" 20 A200 Bars @ 5"

By:
4"
4"
4"
4"
9 AE1 Bars @ 11"
9 AE1 Bars @ 11"
9 A2 Bars @ 11"
9 A2 Bars @ 11"
4"
4"
4"
4"

Sht:____of____
Job No.: 1
CULVERT PROPERTIES
==================
Physical Dimensions
-------------------
Wall Joint: Top
Material Properties
-------------------
Concrete, Bot: Strength: 5.000 ksi Density: 0.150 kcf Elasticity: 4287 ksi
Concrete, Top: Strength: 5.000 ksi Density: 0.150 kcf Elasticity: 4287 ksi
Concrete, All: Type: Normal Weight Density Modification Factor : 1.00
Poisson's : 0.5
Loads
-----
1 8.00 0.00
2 32.00 14.00
3 32.00 14.00
Include Tandem: yes
Override MPF: no
Override DLA: no
Buoyancy Check : no
---------------------------
Max Min
DC: 1.250 0.900
DW: 1.500 0.650
EV: 1.300 0.900
EH: 1.350 0.900
WA: 1.000
EQ: 1.000
LL I : 1.750 LL II : 1.350
Reinforcement
-------------

Sht:____of____
Top Slab: 2.0000 in 1.0000 in
Walls : 1.0000 in 1.0000 in
Bot Slab: 1.0000 in 1.0000 in
Design Options
--------------
Member Thick.: Top Slab : Fixed Bottom Slab: Fixed
Ext. Wall: Fixed
Use Eq. 12.10.4.2.4a-1: no

Sht:____of____
DESIGN RESULTS
==============
--------------------------
Corner (Top) AE1 (AS1) 18 5 L-BAR 11.00 0.338 0.288 6- 9 127 3- 4 3- 5 AA
Corner (Bottom) A2 (AS1) 18 7 L-BAR 11.00 0.655 0.636 7-10 288 4- 7 3- 3 AA
Total 2982
AS Bar Marks
----------------
--------------------
Bar Splice Length
Mark Size (ft-in)
B1 6 2- 2
C1 6 2- 2
CE1 6 3- 2
C100 6 2- 2
C200 6 2- 2
-------------------------
Flexure Shear
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------
(AA) HL-93 1.99 2 MID 1.05 1.36 1.99 2 LT 1.14 1.47

----------------------------------

Sht:____of____
BOT 5.50 -25.84 14.66 27.17 8.69 28.10 0.90 0.65a 14.31 1.17 1.52 AA 1.99
MID 53.75 2.71 2.99 12.40 8.63 11.95 0.90 0.29b 14.31 NC NC AA 1.99
MID- 53.75 -13.38 14.66 20.02 8.63 21.79 0.90 0.48b 14.31 1.91 2.48 AA 1.99
TOP 6.00 -1.22 14.66 20.17 8.69 21.91 0.90 0.48b 14.31 25.39 32.92 AA 1.99
LT 5.00 0.0# 1.44 16.04 9.69 14.91 0.90 0.34b 20.61 NC NC AA 1.99
MID 101.00 60.26 -2.03 69.95 10.56 62.41 0.90 1.44a 20.61 1.05 1.36 AA 1.99
RT 5.00 0.0# 1.79 16.04 9.69 15.02 0.90 0.34b 20.61 NC NC AA 1.99
LT 5.00 -23.52 7.21 30.04 9.56 29.02 0.90 0.65a 17.32 1.42 1.85 AA 1.99
MID 101.00 30.66 2.84 34.41 9.69 31.74 0.90 0.74a 17.32 1.06 1.37 AA 1.99
RT 5.00 -23.52 7.21 30.04 9.56 29.02 0.90 0.65a 17.32 1.42 1.85 AA 1.99
------------------------------------------
BOT 13.15 6.02 -25.8 14.66 8.30 12.67 2.000 14.08b 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.66 4.75 AA 1.99
MID 53.75 2.93 2.7 2.99 8.45 12.90 2.000 14.33b 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.58 8.52 AA 1.99
MID- 53.75 2.93 -13.4 14.66 8.34 12.73 2.000 14.15b 0.00 0.00 0.00 NC NC AA 1.99
TOP 13.65 2.17 -1.2 14.66 8.41 12.83 2.000 14.25b 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.22 9.36 AA 1.99
LT 13.64 13.20 1.1 1.44 9.49 14.48 2.000 16.09b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.14 1.47 AA 1.99
MID 101.00 3.81 60.3 -2.03 9.72 12.86 1.735 14.29a 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.38 4.38 AA 1.99
RT 13.64 13.20 1.1 1.79 9.49 14.48 2.000 16.09b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.14 1.47 AA 1.99
LT 13.55 11.87 -23.5 7.21 9.18 14.01 2.000 15.56b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.31 1.69 AA 1.99
MID 101.00 0.00 30.7 2.84 9.25 14.12 2.000 15.69b 0.00 0.00 0.00 NC NC AA 1.99
RT 13.55 11.87 -23.5 7.21 9.18 14.01 2.000 15.56b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.31 1.69 AA 1.99

Sht:____of____
========================================================================================================
========================================================================================================
Load Parameters:
---------------
Fe = 1.02
------------------------
----------------------------------- -----------------------------------
Bottom Bottom
1- 0 -4.53 -3.91 0.00 -1.40 -0.39 0.00 1- 0 0.51 0.44 0.00 2.43 0.58 0.00
1- 1 -4.08 -3.52 0.00 0.52 0.09 0.00 1- 1 0.51 0.44 0.00 1.84 0.47 0.00
1- 2 -3.63 -3.13 0.00 1.92 0.46 0.00 1- 2 0.51 0.44 0.00 1.30 0.37 0.00
1- 3 -3.17 -2.74 0.00 2.86 0.74 0.00 1- 3 0.51 0.44 0.00 0.80 0.26 0.00
1- 4 -2.72 -2.35 0.00 3.38 0.92 0.00 1- 4 0.51 0.44 0.00 0.35 0.15 0.00
1- 5 -2.27 -1.96 0.00 3.51 1.01 0.00 1- 5 0.51 0.44 0.00 -0.04 0.04 0.00
1- 6 -1.81 -1.56 0.00 3.32 1.00 0.00 1- 6 0.51 0.44 0.00 -0.40 -0.06 0.00
1- 7 -1.36 -1.17 0.00 2.83 0.90 0.00 1- 7 0.51 0.44 0.00 -0.70 -0.17 0.00
1- 8 -0.91 -0.78 0.00 2.09 0.69 0.00 1- 8 0.51 0.44 0.00 -0.95 -0.28 0.00
1- 9 -0.45 -0.39 0.00 1.14 0.39 0.00 1- 9 0.51 0.44 0.00 -1.16 -0.39 0.00
1-10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 1-10 0.51 0.44 0.00 -1.32 -0.49 0.00
Top Top
Left Left
2- 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2- 0 1.26 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 1 1.91 3.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2- 1 1.01 1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 2 3.40 5.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2- 2 0.76 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 3 4.46 7.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2- 3 0.50 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 4 5.10 8.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2- 4 0.25 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 5 5.31 8.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2- 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 6 5.10 8.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2- 6 -0.25 -0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 7 4.46 7.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2- 7 -0.50 -0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 8 3.40 5.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2- 8 -0.76 -1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 9 1.91 3.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2- 9 -1.01 -1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2-10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2-10 -1.26 -2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right Right
Left Left
4- 0 -4.53 -3.91 0.00 -1.40 -0.39 0.00 4- 0 2.38 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 1 -0.93 -0.80 0.00 -1.40 -0.39 0.00 4- 1 1.91 1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 2 1.88 1.62 0.00 -1.40 -0.39 0.00 4- 2 1.43 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 3 3.89 3.35 0.00 -1.40 -0.39 0.00 4- 3 0.95 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 4 5.09 4.39 0.00 -1.40 -0.39 0.00 4- 4 0.48 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 5 5.49 4.74 0.00 -1.40 -0.39 0.00 4- 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 6 5.09 4.39 0.00 -1.40 -0.39 0.00 4- 6 -0.48 -0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 7 3.89 3.35 0.00 -1.40 -0.39 0.00 4- 7 -0.95 -0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 8 1.88 1.62 0.00 -1.40 -0.39 0.00 4- 8 -1.43 -1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 9 -0.93 -0.80 0.00 -1.40 -0.39 0.00 4- 9 -1.91 -1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4-10 -4.53 -3.91 0.00 -1.40 -0.39 0.00 4-10 -2.38 -2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right Right
-----------------------------------
1 1.26 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 -0.51 -0.44 0.00 1.32 0.49 0.00
4 0.51 0.44 0.00 2.43 0.58 0.00
Truck 1 0.387 3.12
2 1.547 3.12 14.00
3 1.547 3.12 14.00
Tandem 1 1.209 3.12

Sht:____of____
2 1.209 3.12 4.00

--------------------

-------------------------------------------
Truck 1 0.387 3.12 22.42
2 1.547 3.12 8.42
3 1.547 3.12 -5.58
Maximum +Moment : 18.44 k-ft Maximum -Moment : 0.00 k-ft
Corresponding Moment at End : 0.00 k-ft Corresponding Moment at Mid : 0.00 k-ft
Truck 1 0.387 3.12 29.56 Truck 1 0.387 3.12 29.27
2 1.547 3.12 15.56 2 1.547 3.12 15.27
3 1.547 3.12 1.56 3 1.547 3.12 1.27
Tandem 1 1.209 3.12 10.02
2 1.209 3.12 6.02
Maximum +Moment : 24.22 k-ft Maximum -Moment : 0.00 k-ft
Corresponding Moment at End : 0.00 k-ft Corresponding Moment at Mid : 0.00 k-ft
Tandem 1 1.209 3.12 5.56 Tandem 1 1.209 3.12 15.27
2 1.209 3.12 1.56 2 1.209 3.12 11.27

-----------------------------------------------
Truck Tandem Lane
Bottom
1- 0 0.00 -8.77 0.98 0.00 0.00 -7.18 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 1 0.00 -7.89 0.98 0.00 0.00 -6.47 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 2 0.00 -7.02 0.98 0.00 0.00 -5.75 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 3 0.00 -6.14 0.98 0.00 0.00 -5.03 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 4 0.00 -5.26 0.98 0.00 0.00 -4.31 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 5 0.00 -4.39 0.98 0.00 0.00 -3.59 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 6 0.00 -3.51 0.98 0.00 0.00 -2.87 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 7 0.00 -2.63 0.98 0.00 0.00 -2.16 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 8 0.00 -1.75 0.98 0.00 0.00 -1.44 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1- 9 0.00 -0.88 0.98 0.00 0.00 -0.72 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1-10 0.00 0.00 0.98 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Top
Left
2- 0 0.00 0.00 4.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 1 6.82 0.00 3.96 -0.13 8.98 0.00 5.20 -0.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 2 11.81 0.00 3.42 -0.52 15.90 0.00 4.44 -0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 3 15.49 0.00 2.93 -1.00 20.74 0.00 3.69 -0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 4 17.71 0.00 2.45 -1.48 23.51 0.00 2.93 -1.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 5 18.44 0.00 1.97 -1.97 24.22 0.00 2.18 -2.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 6 17.71 0.00 1.48 -2.45 23.51 0.00 1.43 -2.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 7 15.49 0.00 1.00 -2.93 20.74 0.00 0.82 -3.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 8 11.81 0.00 0.52 -3.42 15.90 0.00 0.40 -4.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2- 9 6.82 0.00 0.13 -3.96 8.98 0.00 0.10 -5.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2-10 0.00 0.00 0.00 -4.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 -5.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Sht:____of____
Right
Left
4- 0 0.00 -8.77 4.61 0.00 0.00 -7.18 3.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 1 0.00 -1.79 3.69 0.00 0.00 -1.47 3.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 2 3.64 0.00 2.76 0.00 2.98 0.00 2.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 3 7.52 0.00 1.84 0.00 6.16 0.00 1.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 4 9.84 0.00 0.92 0.00 8.06 0.00 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 5 10.62 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 6 9.84 0.00 0.00 -0.92 8.06 0.00 0.00 -0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 7 7.52 0.00 0.00 -1.84 6.16 0.00 0.00 -1.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 8 3.64 0.00 0.00 -2.76 2.98 0.00 0.00 -2.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4- 9 0.00 -1.79 0.00 -3.69 0.00 -1.47 0.00 -3.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4-10 0.00 -8.77 0.00 -4.61 0.00 -7.18 0.00 -3.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Right

Sht:____of____
--------------------
A2 Bot Corner Bar -17.1 9.27 32.91 11.00 14.28
A100 Top Slab (int) 38.2 -0.11 33.79 5.00 14.47
A200 Bot Slab (int) 20.1 2.16 35.23 5.00 14.02
B2 Ext Wall (ext) -8.6 9.27 17.57 11.00 29.71

--------------------------------------------------
BOT 5.50 -25.84 14.66 27.17 8.69 28.10 0.90 0.65a 14.31 1.17 1.52
MID 53.75 2.71 2.99 12.40 8.63 11.95 0.90 0.29b 14.31 NC NC
MID- 53.75 -13.38 14.66 20.02 8.63 21.79 0.90 0.48b 14.31 1.91 2.48
TOP 6.00 -1.22 14.66 20.17 8.69 21.91 0.90 0.48b 14.31 25.39 32.92
LT 5.00 0.0# 1.44 16.04 9.69 14.91 0.90 0.34b 20.61 NC NC
MID 101.00 60.26 -2.03 69.95 10.56 62.41 0.90 1.44a 20.61 1.05 1.36
RT 5.00 0.0# 1.79 16.04 9.69 15.02 0.90 0.34b 20.61 NC NC
LT 5.00 -23.52 7.21 30.04 9.56 29.02 0.90 0.65a 17.32 1.42 1.85
MID 101.00 30.66 2.84 34.41 9.69 31.74 0.90 0.74a 17.32 1.06 1.37
RT 5.00 -23.52 7.21 30.04 9.56 29.02 0.90 0.65a 17.32 1.42 1.85
---------------------------------------------------------
BOT 13.15 6.02 -25.8 14.66 8.30 12.67 2.000 45.00 14.08b 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.66 4.75
MID 53.75 2.93 2.7 2.99 8.45 12.90 2.000 45.00 14.33b 0.00 0.00 0.00 6.58 8.52
MID- 53.75 2.93 -13.4 14.66 8.34 12.73 2.000 45.00 14.15b 0.00 0.00 0.00 NC NC
TOP 13.65 2.17 -1.2 14.66 8.41 12.83 2.000 45.00 14.25b 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.22 9.36
LT 13.64 13.20 1.1 1.44 9.49 14.48 2.000 45.00 16.09b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.14 1.47
MID 101.00 3.81 60.3 -2.03 9.72 12.86 1.735 43.70 14.29a 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.38 4.38
RT 13.64 13.20 1.1 1.79 9.49 14.48 2.000 45.00 16.09b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.14 1.47
LT 13.55 11.87 -23.5 7.21 9.18 14.01 2.000 45.00 15.56b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.31 1.69
MID 101.00 0.00 30.7 2.84 9.25 14.12 2.000 45.00 15.69b 0.00 0.00 0.00 NC NC
RT 13.55 11.87 -23.5 7.21 9.18 14.01 2.000 45.00 15.56b 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.31 1.69

Sht:____of____
----------------------------------------
Bottom
1- 0 -10.162 -28.662 2.986 14.664 7.210 2.841
1- 1 -5.995 -23.144 2.986 14.664 6.224 2.442
1- 2 -2.682 -19.586 2.986 14.664 5.303 2.075
1- 3 -0.165 -16.342 2.986 14.664 4.446 1.741
1- 4 1.614 -13.382 2.986 14.664 3.655 1.439
1- 5 2.713 -10.679 2.986 14.664 2.929 0.864
1- 6 3.190 -8.202 2.986 14.664 2.647 0.202
1- 7 3.104 -5.922 2.986 14.664 2.443 -0.394
1- 8 2.513 -3.810 2.986 14.664 2.271 -0.925
1- 9 1.475 -1.838 2.986 14.664 2.132 -1.392
1-10 0.049 0.024 2.986 14.664 2.026 -1.793
Top
Left
2- 0 0.000 0.000 1.793 1.441 14.664 2.986
2- 1 22.159 4.524 -2.026 1.793 12.494 2.389
2- 2 39.264 8.042 -2.026 1.793 10.323 1.643
2- 3 51.316 10.555 -2.026 1.793 8.152 -0.052
2- 4 58.316 12.063 -2.026 1.793 5.981 -1.748
2- 5 60.263 12.566 -2.026 1.793 3.810 -3.810
2- 6 58.316 12.063 -2.026 1.793 1.748 -5.981
2- 7 51.317 10.555 -2.026 1.793 0.052 -8.152
2- 8 39.264 8.042 -2.026 1.793 -1.643 -10.323
2- 9 22.159 4.524 -2.026 1.793 -2.389 -12.494
2-10 0.000 0.000 -2.026 1.793 -2.986 -14.664
Right
Left
4- 0 -10.162 -28.662 5.145 7.210 13.713 3.994
4- 1 -3.138 -7.887 2.841 7.210 10.970 3.195
4- 2 9.888 0.594 2.841 5.145 8.228 2.396
4- 3 21.429 3.956 2.841 5.145 5.485 1.597
4- 4 28.354 5.973 2.841 5.145 2.743 0.799
4- 5 30.662 6.645 2.841 5.145 0.000 0.000
4- 6 28.354 5.973 2.841 5.145 -0.799 -2.743
4- 7 21.429 3.956 2.841 5.145 -1.597 -5.485
4- 8 9.888 0.594 2.841 5.145 -2.396 -8.228
4- 9 -3.138 -7.887 2.841 7.210 -3.195 -10.970
4-10 -10.162 -28.662 5.145 7.210 -3.994 -13.713
Right

Type I Precast Box Culvert with 0˚ skew, LRFD Specs
1.1 Input
1.3 Loads
1.14 Load Rating

Description: Eriksson Culvert verification problem 8. Design of a single cell, type I precast box
culvert with no skew
References:
3
1.1 Input
K 1  1.0 Agg max  1.5in λ  1.0


Reinforcement : cover te  2 in cover be  1 in cover we  1 in
Cover
cover ti  1 in cover bi  1 in cover wi  1 in
Future Wearing Surface: w ws  0 psf




Design_Span L
 16.833  8  ft
tts cos( skew)
Design_Span
 18

(LRFD 12.11.2.1)
L
 4 ft
cos( skew)
1.3 Loads
Dead Loads (DC):
2
single haunch: th
w dha  wc 1 ft w dha  0  kip
weight 2
1 kip

w bottom  0.283 
ft

kip
ft
Bc  17.667 ft
width
  F e  1.023
 H 
s
 Bc  (LRFD 12.11.2.2)
 
kip
w e  Fe γs  Hs  1 ft w e  0.244 
ft
pressures
Minimum Case
kip
ft
kip
 
ft
Maximum Case
kip
ft
kip

ft
Live Load : kip

kip
Maximum Case ft

(WA)


 Hs 
DLA  0.33 1  0.125   DLA  24.791 % (LRFD 3.6.2.2)
 ft 
 1.2 
 
 1.00 
(LRFD 3.6.1.2.6) (LRFD 3.6.1.2.5)
(LRFD Table 3.6.1.1.2-1) (LRFD 3.6.1.3.1)

Eperp  min2  L 96in  1.44in
Clear_Span 
(LRFD 4.6.2.10.2-1)
 Eperp  9.92 ft
 ft 


T T
T

N Lanes  1
 

 saxle
DisWid  Eperp
qq

Axleload 
qq
Axleload
otherwise
DisWid  Eperp
qq q

q
Axleload 
qq q

T
q  
Maxaxle

Al otherwise
 

q
Truck:

WTruck  ( 0.387 1.547 1.547 )  ksf

P truck  ( 1.208 4.831 4.831 )  klf
Tandem:

Wtandem  ( 1.209 1.209 )  ksf

P tandem  ( 3.774 3.774 )  klf
Lane Loading:

Bottom Slab Loading
 

 for q  1  naxle 

 q q 


Ptop 
q  paxle
j
P top 
q  

j 1 j 1
 
 Ptop P top 
Truck: 0.072 0.287 

0.646 0.646 
Tandem:
 

0.224 0.224 
  ksf
0.448 0.448 
Load Modifier: 
ηmin  min
 1
1.0
 (LRFD 1.3.2.1-3)

Load Min. Max
DC 0.90 1.25 1.0 -
DW 0.65 1.50 1.0 -
EV 0.90 1.30 1.0 -
EH 0.90 1.35 1.0 -
LL 1.75 1.75 1.0 0.75
LS 1.75 1.75 1.0 -
WA 0.00 1.00 1.0 -

Properties:
1 5 8 1 6
2 6 9
h  tbs 3 8
4 9
4 5 10
T T
h  ( 10 10 10 10 12 12 12 11 11 11 )  in cover  ( 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 )  in

assumed to be a rigid two dimensional frame, with pin-roller bottom slab supports and moment releases at the joints in
the walls. All vertical loading from the top slab is assumed to be uniformly distributed along the bottom slab as performed
in Eriksson Culvert. A more refined method of analysis requires knowledge of the in-situ soil properties to select an
appropriate soil stiffness (LRFD 12.11.2.3). The haunches are not included in the structural analysis model which is
shown in Figure 3.

Exterior Wall:
 4.53 3.91 0.00  1.40  0.39 0.00 0.00  10.49   1.25 1.04 0.00 1.40 0.28 0.00 2.34 0.00 
   
 4.08 3.52 0.00 0.52 0.09 0.00 0.00  8.39
  1.25 1.04 0.00 0.81 0.18 0.00 2.34 0.00

 3.63 3.13 0.00 1.92 0.46 0.00 0.00  6.29   1.25 1.04 0.00 0.27 0.07 0.00 2.34 0.00 
 3.17 2.74 0.00 2.86 0.74 0.00 0.00  4.20
  1.25 1.04 0.00  0.23  0.04 0.00 2.34 0.00

   
 2.72 2.35 0.00 3.38 0.92 0.00 0.00  2.10   1.25 1.04 0.00  0.67  0.15 0.00 2.34 0.00 
M wa   2.27  1.96 0.00 3.51 1.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 kip ft V wa   0.61
  0.98 0.00  1.07  0.25 0.00 0.00  2.52   kip
   
 1.81 1.56 0.00 3.32 1.00 0.00 0.00  2.26   0.61  0.98 0.00  0.35 0.15 0.00 0.00  2.52 
 1.36 1.17 0.00 2.83 0.90 0.00 0.00  4.52   0.61  0.98 0.00 0.05 0.04 0.00 0.00  2.52 
   
 0.91 0.78 0.00 2.09 0.69 0.00 0.00  6.78   0.61  0.98 0.00  0.21  0.07 0.00 0.00  2.52 
 0.45 0.39 0.00 1.14 0.39 0.00 0.20  9.04   0.61  0.98 0.00  0.41  0.18 0.00 0.00  2.52 
   
 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10  11.29   0.61  0.98 0.00  0.57  0.28 0.00 0.00  2.52 
P wa  (  1.26  2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  4.75 )  kip
Top Slab:
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00   1.26 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.95 0.00 
   
3.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.98 0.00  0.13
1.91   1.01 1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.20

3.40 5.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.90 0.00   0.76 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.44  0.52 
4.46 7.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.74 0.00
  0.50 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.69  1.00

   
5.10 8.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 23.51 0.00   0.25 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.93  1.48 
M ts  5.31 8.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 24.22 0.00  kip ft V ts   0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.18  2.18   kip
   
5.10 8.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 23.51 0.00   0.25  0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.48  2.93 
4.46 7.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 20.74 0.00   0.50  0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00  3.69 
   
3.40 5.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 15.90 0.00   0.76  1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.52  4.44 
1.91 3.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8.98 0.00   1.01  1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13  5.20 
   
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00   1.26  2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  5.95 
P ts  ( 0.61 0.98 0.00  0.57  0.28 0.00 0.00  1.71 )  kip

Bottom Slab:
4.53  3.91 0.00  1.40  0.36 0.00 0.00  8.77   2.46 2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.61 
0.00
   
0.93  0.80 0.00  1.40  0.36 0.00 0.00  1.79
  1.97 1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.69 0.00

 1.88 1.62 0.00  1.40  0.36 0.00 3.64 0.00   1.47 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.77 0.00 
 3.89 3.35 0.00  1.40  0.36 0.00 7.52 0.00
  0.98 0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.85 0.00

   
 5.09 4.39 0.00  1.40  0.36 0.00 9.84 0.00   0.49 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.93 0.00 
M bs   5.49 4.74 0.00  1.40  0.36 0.00 10.62 0.00 kip ft V bs   0.00
 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06  0.06   kip
   
 5.09 4.39 0.00  1.40  0.36 0.00 9.84 0.00    0.49  0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  0.93 
 3.89 3.35 0.00  1.40  0.36 0.00 7.52 0.00  0.98  0.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  1.85 
   
 1.88 1.62 0.00  1.40  0.36 0.00 3.64 0.00    1.47  1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  2.77 
0.93  0.80 0.00  1.40  0.36 0.00 0.00  1.79  1.97  1.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  3.69 
   
4.53  3.91 0.00  1.40  0.36 0.00 0.00  8.77    2.46  2.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  4.61 
P bs  (  0.51  0.44 0.00  2.43  0.58 0.00 0.00  2.31 )  kip

Load Combinations:
Strength II: N/A

 
Str1.c Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 i 6 j
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 6 i 6 j

Cc  augment C1 C2 C3 
i i
   minCcT 
 if j = 1 maxCc
T
Cp
i j       
 i j i j  i j i j 
Combo



TSstr1c.v  Str1.c V ts 11  WAstr1c.v  Str1.c V wa 11   
BSstr1c.v  Str1.c Vbs 11 
 
Str1 C Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4
i 5 i 6
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5
i 6 i 6 j
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 6 i 6 j
Cp


 
Sv 1.c Intf i2  for j  1  2
for i  1  i2

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
γsmin
i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 γsmax i 6 i 6 j

 i
  T i 
 minCcT 
i j       
 i j i j  i j i j 
Combo

Sv 1 C Intf i2  for j  1  2

for i  1  i2

i j i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5

i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 i 5 i 6 j
γsmin
i 1 i 2 i 3 i 4 γsmax i 6 i 6 j
Cp



 10.168  31.676 0 0  10.116  28.613  9.14  20.72 0 0  9.14  18.97 

   
  5.98  23.89 22.146 4.518  3.462  7.855
 6.99  15.73 14 5.02  2.43  5.28

 2.687  17.886 39.277 8.046 9.566 0.63  4.38  12.09 24.84 8.94 6.44 1.74 
 0.163  12.3 51.321 10.557 21.117 3.996
 2.31  8.68 32.47 11.73 14.06 5.48

   
 1.61  7.088 58.307 12.06 28.03 6.012  0.77  5.48 36.91 13.4 18.62 7.72 
M str1   2.699  2.227 60.268 12.564 30.349  ft s1   0.29
6.687  kipM  2.475 38.18 13.96 20.15 8.47   kip ft
   
 3.199  5.257 58.307 12.06 28.03 6.012   0.95  3.97 36.91 13.4 18.62 7.72 
 3.119  8.584 51.321 10.557 21.117 3.996   1.2  5.635 32.47 11.73 14.06 5.48 
   
 2.508  12.135 39.277 8.046 9.566 0.63   1.09  7.425 24.84 8.94 6.44 1.74 
 1.502  15.863 22.146 4.518  3.462  7.855   0.89  9.31 14 5.02  2.43  5.28 
   
 0.175  19.757 0 0  10.116  28.613   0.1  11.29 0 0  9.14  18.97 
 9.389 4.175 14.666 2.988 13.821 4.068   6.31 2.99 9.27 3.32 9.13 4.52 
   
 8.418 3.47 12.495 2.385 11.052 3.249
  5.62 2.695 7.85 2.52 7.3 3.61

 7.497 2.548 10.319 1.639 8.284 2.43   4.97 2.425 6.43 1.47 5.47 2.7 
 6.803 1.681 8.149  0.059 5.529 1.62
  4.515 2.02 5.01 0.32 3.65 1.8

   
 6.407 0.894 5.973  1.745 2.773 0.81   4.295 1.47 3.59  0.82 1.83 0.9 
V str1   2.999  8.329 3.815  3.815 0.105  0.105   kip V s1   2.125  5.43 2.18  2.18 0.06  0.06   kip
   
 1.641  6.761 1.745  5.973  0.81  2.773  1.765  4.31 0.82  3.59  0.9  1.83 
 1.294  6.402 0.059  8.149  1.62  5.529    1.5 4.085  0.32  5.01  1.8  3.65 
   
 1.837  6.853  1.639  10.319  2.43  8.284  1.695  4.39  1.47  6.43  2.7  5.47 
 2.3  7.315  2.385  12.495  3.249  11.052  1.795  4.7  2.52  7.85  3.61  7.3 
   
 2.55  7.706  2.988  14.666  4.068  13.821  1.875  4.96  3.32  9.27  4.52  9.13 

 2.988  12.566 0.172 0.172  5.151  9.547  3.32  8.07 0.74 0.74 2.165 6.27 
   
 2.988  12.566 0.777 0.172  3.397  9.547
 3.32  8.07 0.74 0.74  2.165  6.27

 2.988  12.566 0.777 0.172  3.397  5.151  3.32  8.07 0.74 0.74  2.165  3.96 
 2.988  12.566 0.777 0.172  3.397  5.151
 3.32  8.07 0.74 0.74  2.165  3.96

   
 2.988  12.566 0.777 0.172  3.397  5.151  3.32  8.07 0.74 0.74  2.165  3.96 
P str1   2.988  12.566 0.777 0.172  3.397  5.151   kip P s1   3.32  8.07 0.74 0.74  2.165  3.96   kip
   
 2.988  12.566 0.777 0.172  3.397  5.151  3.32  8.07 0.74 0.74  2.165  3.96 
 2.988  12.566 0.777 0.172  3.397  5.151  3.32  8.07 0.74 0.74  2.165  3.96 
   
 2.988  12.566 0.777 0.172  3.397  5.151  3.32  8.07 0.74 0.74  2.165  3.96 
 4.253  12.566 0.777 0.172  3.397  9.547  3.32  8.07 0.74 0.74  2.165  6.27 
   
 4.253  12.566 0.172 0.172  5.151  9.547  3.32  8.07 0.74 0.74  2.165  6.27 

 
 tbs 0.5   th  twa 0.5 

   0.5   "BOT" 
  53.75  "MID +" 
   106.5   "TOP"  -------------------
 twa 0.5   th  tts 0.5   1   "LT" 
        -------------------
 twa 0.5   th  tbs 0.5    0.5   "LT" 
   101   "MID" 
  wa h bs 
Db
i 2 i  i 
 1 
     
ts v.assume4
      
  93.85   "TOP"  -------------------
 5   13.64   "LT" 
  7      -------------------
 twa 0.5  dv.assume   13.55   "LT" 
 8   101   "MID" 
 188.45   "RT" 
  10 
LB  1 UB  1
jj1 jj1
LB  j  1 UB  j
LB UB

j j j
 
for t  t1  t2

t

t
CS t  Ltrace
lt
Pert  if Ltrace  Ltrace  0.0
Ltrace  Ltrace h t l t
h
t l t
CSt  Ltracel 
 t
otherwise
in
 V    
t h ht lt lt
M str1.wall  Intforce CSmoment Lwa M str1 1 2 1 4 str1.wall  Intforce CSshear Lwa V str1 1 2 1 4
 Int
M str1.ts  Intforce CS moment Lts Mstr1force
3 4 5 7  
V str1.ts  Intforce CSshear Lts Vstr1 3 4 5 7 

 
M sr1 Mst  for g  1  10  
P sr1 Pst  for g  1  10
2 if Section
T
 g = "Neg"
1 otherwise
1 otherwise
P str  P st
M str  M st
g 
g  Case 
g 
g  Case
g 
g
P str  1
M str
 
V sr1 Vsr  for g  1  10
g  g 1 g 2 
Vstr

 8.21  12.57   "BOT" 
 31.31       
   8.33   2.99  "MID +" 
 2.7   8.33  12.57   "MID -" 
 7.09  exterior wall
     
   7.19  12.57   "TOP" 
 19.4  -------------------
13.20  0.17   "LT" 
 0  V str1     kip N str1     kip  
M str1     kip ft  3.82   0.78   "MID"  top slab
 60.27  13.20   0.17   "RT" 
 0        -------------------
  11.96   9.55   "LT" 
 28.61   0.11   3.40   "MID" 
 30.35        bottom slab
  11.96   9.55   "RT" 
 28.61 
20.488  5.475   8.07   "BOT" 
       
 0.29   5.43   3.32  "MID +" 
 5.48   5.43   8.07   "MID -"  exterior wall
       
11.106  4.616   8.07   "TOP"  -------------------
 0  8.311  0.74   "LT" 
 38.18   2.18  0.74   "MID"  top slab
 0  8.311  0.74   "RT" 
        -------------------
  18.97  7.902   6.27   "LT" 
 20.15   0.06  2.165   "MID"  bottom slab
       
  18.97  7.902   6.27   "RT" 
M d.wa  Mwa
j j 1
 γDC  M wa
j 2
 γEV  M wa
j 3
 γDW  M wa
j 4
 γEH 
M d.ts  Mts
j j 1
 γDC  M ts
j 2
 γEV  M ts
j 3
 γDW  M ts
j 4
 γEH  
j j 1 j 2 j 3 j 4
 

 12.465   "BOT" 
   
 0.647  "MID +" 
   
 0.044   "TOP"  -------------------
 0   "LT" 
Md     kip ft  
 17.882   "MID"  top slab
 0   "RT" 
    -------------------
 12.636   "LT" 
 11.135   "MID" 
 12.636   "RT" 
2.0 0.33
 wc   fc' 
emin  max  1 in 0.1 hi
i
 M str1 
i
i  i Nstr1 
 i 
T
cecc  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "NG" "OK" "NG" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

if emin  
i i
M str1  Mstr1 emin  Nstr1  if M str1  0.0
i  i Nstr1 i i i Mstr1  i
 i i 
Mstr1 otherwise
i
T
M str1  (  31.313 2.699  7.088  19.395 0 60.268 0  28.613 30.349  28.613 )  kip ft
 k Ht 
 r 
q  1  4

Md
β d 
q Mstr1
q
if M str1  0.0
q
T

β d  0.398 0.24 0.267 2.252  10
3

q
0.0 otherwise
3
twa  b Ec Ig
Cm  1 Ig  ϕk  0.75 EIq  (LRFD 5.6.4.3-2)
12 2.5 1  βd 
  q
2
π  EIq
P c  T
P c  ( 351.763 396.696 388.176 490.687 )  kip
 
q 2
k Ht
 Cm
δq  min 1.0   T
   Nstr1   (LRFD 4.5.3.2.2) δ  (1 1 1 1 )
 1   q  
   ϕk Pc  
   q  

7   "BOT"  11 
     
6  "MID +"  18 
     
6   "TOP"  ------------------- 11 
6   "LT"  18  in
BarNO      spacing   
7   "MID"  top slab  5  ft
6   "RT"  18 
    -------------------  
7   "LT"  11 
     
7   "RT"  11 
i  i BarA  ( 0.6 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.6 0.44 0.6 0.31 0.6 )  in
i  i BarD  ( 0.875 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.875 0.75 0.875 0.625 0.875 )  in
BarD
i T
ds  hi  coveri  ds  ( 8.563 8.625 8.625 8.625 9.625 10.562 9.625 9.563 9.688 9.563 )  in
i 2
BarD
i T
dc  ( 1.438 1.375 1.375 1.375 2.375 1.438 2.375 1.438 1.313 1.438 )  in
i 2
  fc'  4 ksi   
  ksi 
Mstr1
i T
Rn  Rn  ( 0.427 0.036 0.095 0.261 0 0.54 0 0.313 0.323 0.313 )  ksi
i 2
ϕf  b ds 
 
i

 fc' 2  Rn 
 i  T
ρreq  0.85  1  1  ρreq  ( 0.0075 0.0006 0.0016 0.0045 0 0.0097 0 0.0054 0.0056 0.0054 )
i fy 0.85 fc' 
 
T 2
A s_req  ρreq  ds  b A s_req  ( 0.772 0.063 0.166 0.464 0 1.225 0 0.622 0.652 0.622 )  in
i i i
BarA
i
sp req  if A s_req  0.0
i A s_req i
i
spacing i otherwise
T in
sp req  ( 9.322 84.003 31.76 11.368 18 5.879 18 11.571 5.702 11.571 ) 
ft
T
csp  if sp req  spacing i "OK" "NG"  csp  ( "NG" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" "OK" )
i  i 
i
M a  1 kip ft
while Ma  Mstr1
i
2 2
2
As_req2 fy
c
0.85 fc'  β1 b
 β 1 c 
 i 2 

P o2  0.85 fc'  b hi  As_req  A s_req2 fy 
i
 hi   hi 
i 2 i  i 2
0.003  Es ds 
ab  β 1 
 i
 0.003  Es  fy
 hi 
 
 i 2

 i
M n.all 
 o2 cc 
 Mtc2  Mcc 
 

 Mtc2  Mn2 
 N   Mn2 if N str1  Ptc2
  0.774 
i 0.073 
M tc2 otherwise
0.176 
 
ϕ 0.75 if Nstr1  Pcc 0.474 
i 0.000  2
i 1.379 
0.000 
 ( 0.75  0.90)   M
0.90    M  otherwise  
 Mcc  Mtc2  n.all tc2 0.632 
0.712 
0.632 
A s_req2

BarA
i T 2
A s  A s  ( 0.65 0.29 0.48 0.48 0.29 1.44 0.29 0.65 0.74 0.65 )  in
i spacing i
As  fy
i
ci  T
0.85 fc'  β1 b c  ( 0.96 0.43 0.71 0.71 0.43 2.12 0.43 0.96 1.09 0.96 )  in
 ds  ci 
 i 
εt  0.003    T
εt  ( 0.024 0.057 0.034 0.034 0.064 0.012 0.064 0.027 0.024 0.027 )
i  ci 
 ci 
i  ds 
 i 
T
a  ( 0.77 0.35 0.56 0.56 0.35 1.69 0.35 0.77 0.88 0.77 )  in
 ai 
M n  As  fy ds   T
i i  i 2 M n  ( 26.76 12.4 20.02 20.02 13.86 69.95 13.86 30.04 34.41 30.04 )  kip ft
T
M r  ϕf  M n M r  ( 26.76 12.4 20.02 20.02 13.86 69.95 13.86 30.04 34.41 30.04 )  kip ft
i i

T
P o  0.85 fc'  b hi  A s   A s  fy P o  ( 546.5 526.4 536.8 536.8 628.4 692.3 628.4 597.5 602.5 597.5 )  kip
i  i i

 hi   hi 
i i i i i 2 i i  i 2
T
P tc  ( 91.73 114.36 103.16 103.16 129.66 75.21 129.66 107.03 103.58 107.03 )  kip
T
M tc  ( 52.223 46.074 49.457 49.457 61.23 92.316 61.23 62.864 65.563 62.864 )  kip ft
0.003  Es ds 
 i  hi 
i  0.003  Es  fy i i i i i  i i  i 2
T
P cc  ( 167.49 190.67 179.47 179.47 214.81 168.65 214.81 191.63 189.28 191.63 )  kip
T
M cc  ( 62.88 56.66 60.04 60.04 77.39 107.23 77.39 75.57 78.09 75.57 )  kip ft

i  i i i 

 i i

Ext. Wall Top
 i i  400
 Mtc  Mn 
 i i
 i 
i i i
M tc otherwise
i

i i
0
0 20 40 60 80
i i
0.90  
 ( 0.75  0.90)   M
 
T
ϕ  ( 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 )
i i M a  ( 27.23 11.95 21.25 21.25 12.42 62.75 12.42 29.67 31.89 29.67 )  kip ft

fc'
ksi
3
b  hi
i 12
Ig
Neutral Axis 2 i yi
Flexural cracking
variability factor
Cracking moment 
M cr  γ3  γ1 fr  S c
  
i  i  i i 
T
 As 
 i 
c4.3.2  if   0.001 "OK" "NG"  (LRFD 12.11.4.3.2)
i  b hi 
T


700  γe dc
β s fss 
0.7 h  dc 
0.75 otherwise
 dc  As Es
β s  1  i i
ρi  n  (LRFD 5.6.1) n  6.315
i  0.7hi  dc   b ds Ec
  i  i
M s1.abs  M s1
 Ms1.abs 
hi   
ei 1
ei  max 1.15 ds 
i
 ds  j i  min0.9 0.74  0.1   i12.11.3 
 N s1 i 2 i   ds i  ds 
 i    i   i
 1  j i e 
 i 
  hi  
 Ms1.abs  Ns1  ds    700 in γe
i  i 2
fss  min  i
0.60fy (LRFD C.12.11.3) s max1   2  dc
i  As  j i i12.11.3  ds  i fss i (LRFD 5.6.7)
 i i i  βs 
i
i ksi
T
fss  ( 36 1.84 9.371 26.806  0.285 8.971  0.285 35.353 35.764 35.353 )  ksi
T

s max1  12.81 307.14 58.09 18.52  1.82  10
3
62.45 1.82  10
3
13.42 13.77 13.42  in 
s max2  min  1.5 hi 18in
i (LRFD 5.10.3.2)
s max  min smax1 s max2 

T
 3 3
s max  12.8 15 15 15  1.8  10 18  1.8  10 13.4 13.8 13.4  in 
i  i i

i  i 
T
cm.s  ( "OK" "NG" "OK" "OK" "NG" "OK" "NG" "OK" "OK" "OK" )

Rigorous Method
h
in
As 2 M s1.abs
in kip in
in kip
Steel Centroid to
dc.r  dc
tension fiber
Guess x  3
Given
   hr     hr  As.r   hr  A s.r
3 i  2 i  i i  i
i i
T
x  ( 0.275 1.363 0.334 0.266 1.861 0.312 1.861 0.261 0.255 0.261
in )
  hr 
i 
xi  i i  i 2  1 
j i  1  fc  fss  fc  n   1
i i
T

fc  2.499 0.047 0.717 1.504  6.831  10
3
2.431 6.831  10
3
1.938 1.907 1.938  ksi 
 dc.r  700 in γe

β s.r  1 
i  s max.r   2  dc.r (LRFD 5.6.7)
i  0.7hr  in  dc.r   i fss i
  i i 
β s.r 
i
i ksi
fss  ( 41.61  0.08 9.02 26.26 0.02 33.88 0.02 34.71 35.13 34.71 )  ksi
calculation provided in AASHTO
by 1-2% typically.
T

s max.r  10.69  7253.89 60.49 18.96 2.59  10
4
14.42 2.59  10
4 
13.73 14.07 13.73 

i  i 
i
i  i 
T

Spacing From
Eriksson Culvert
6  18  "C1-Bottom Slab" 
     
T

ii ii
T 2
ii  ii
BarA.ts 2
ii T in
A s.ts  A s.ts  ( 0.293 0.293 0.293 ) 
ii spacing ts ft
ii
1.3 b hts
ii
A s.ts.req 
ii b  hts  (LRFD 5.10.6)
fy
2
 ii

in ksi

2
 ii

check5.10.8_1  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" )

2 2 T
check5.10.8_2  ( "OK" "OK" "OK" )
ii  ii 
ii
  T
s max.ts  ( 18 18 18 )  in (LRFD 5.10.6)
ii
  T
s max.ts2  ( 18 18 18 )  in (LRFD 5.10.3.2)


4  10   "C100-Top Slab" 
iii  1  2 4  12  "C200-Bottom Slab" 
 iii iii BarD.ds  ( 0.5 0.5 )  in
iii  iii BarA.ds  ( 0.2 0.2 )  in
BarA.ds 2
iii T in
A s.ds  A s.ds  ( 0.24 0.2 ) 
iii spacing ds ft
iii

 1 
(LRFD 9.7.3.2)
 
 ft 

1
6  
2
in
A s.dis.top  0.288 
ft

 1 

β  2.0 (LRFD 5.7.3.4.1)
 ai 
i  i i 2
T
dv  ( 8.177 8.452 8.343 8.343 9.452 9.715 9.452 9.177 9.25 9.177 )  in
  fc' 

minksi 0.0676λ
i
 b dv 
i
V c.5.12.7.3   4.6ft   b dv 0.126 ksi λ if Ms1  0.0 (LRFD 5.12.7.3)
i   ksi b dv Ms1  i ksi i i
  i i  
fc'
0.126 ksi λ  b dv otherwise
ksi i

V c  if H s  2.0ft V c.5.12.7.3 Vc.5.7.3.3 
T
V c  ( 13.868 14.334 14.148 14.148 16.03 16.476 16.03 15.563 15.686 15.563 )  kip
i i
6
T
V r  ( 12.48 12.90 12.73 12.73 14.43 13.85 14.43 14.01 14.12 14.01 )  kip



Location  
Location factor 
4 4
 4  4 
factor As
4
2 Atr
Transverse in in
A tr  0.20 s tr  12 ntr  1.0 ktr  40  0.667  in
index
 BarD

4
 2 
  BarD  
Confinement
  4  
Mod c  min max 0.4 1.0  0.4 Mod c  0.4
 c  k  

Ldp   2.4 BarD   Ldp  29.791 in
λ  4 fc' 
 ksi 
 ksi 

Ld  max Ldp 12in  Ld  29.791 in
 4 4 



ASTM M-dimension

BarAS BarAs7  2
Spacing As7
Moment capacity:
 As7 fy
cAs7   0.294  in
Depth of steel: 2
  dAs7  cAs7 
 cAs7 
 
 cAs7  
 dAs7  
  
  aAs7 
  2 
 2    0.1 Design_Span   0.222  ft
 2 1 
Development of As7:
 4 4  4  4 
4 4
  4 
 fy 1.25in BarA4 fy 

Base Length:
 
   21.6 in
4 ksi
 fc' 
 kip 
 ksi 
Ld  max 12.0in Ldp  21.6 in


M dimension:


1.14 Load Rating

interpolated



 
RF C Intf γLL  for i  1  10

 T


 
T
 i 8 i 7 
i
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF 1 
i γLL  LLmod
i
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF 2 
 i i 5
i 1 i 3 i 4 i 2 i 6
RF 3  if γLL
i γLL  Intf
i 5
99.99 otherwise


 T i
i   
RF min


IRmoment  ( 0.78 6.23 4.85 1.10 99.99 1.06 99.99 1.07 1.08 1.07 )

IRshear  RFs Cshear Vrat.all γLL  T
IRshear  ( 1.98 36.06 1.91 2.35 1.13 3.63 1.13 1.29 99.99 1.29 )

Table 3.4.1-2

OR moment  RF Cmoment M rat.all γLL.OR  T
OR moment  ( 1.02 8.08 6.29 1.42 99.99 1.37 99.99 1.38 1.4 1.38 )

OR shear  RFs Cshear V rat.all γLL.OR  T
OR shear  ( 2.56 46.74 2.47 3.05 1.46 4.71 1.46 1.68 99.99 1.68 )

Eriksson
Culvert
Analysis Results
Heel
Maximum Moment (kip*ft/ft) -0.02 -0.02 0.00%
Minimum Moment (kip*ft/ft) -18.81 -18.81 0.00%
Shear (kip/ft) 5.70 5.70 0.00%
Maximum Axial (kip/ft) 2.22 2.22 0.00%
Minimum Axial (kip/ft) -2.92 -2.92 0.00%
Toe
Maximum Moment (kip*ft/ft) 0.84 0.84 0.00%
Minimum Moment (kip*ft/ft) -0.07 -0.07 0.00%
Shear (kip/ft) 2.86 2.86 0.00%
Minimum Axial (kip/ft) 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Stem
Shear (kip/ft) -5.67 -5.67 0.00%
Minimum Axial (kip/ft) 0.00 0.00 0.00%
Stability
Sliding Force (kip/ft) 7.11 7.11 0.00%
Eccentricity (in) 18.51 18.51 0.00%
Bearing Pressure (ksf) 3.02 3.02 0.00%
Capacities
Footing
Top Flexure (kip*ft/ft) 19.08 19.08 0.00%
Bottom Flexure (kip*ft/ft) 7.30 7.30 0.00%
Shear (kip/ft) 19.42 19.42 0.00%
Stem
Flexure (kip*ft/ft) 25.79 25.79 0.00%
Shear (kip/ft) 15.32 15.32 0.00%
Stability
Sliding Resistance (kip/ft) 7.51 7.51 0.00%
Maximum Eccentricity (in) 36.00 36.00 0.00%
Bearing Resistance (ksf) 3.16 3.16 0.00%

Name: Quality Control
Date: 10/1/2018
Description: Sample Description
Inputs
Phyiscal Dimenions Material Properties

Stem Height: 2ʹ6" Concrete Weight: 0.15 (kcf)
Stem Thickness: 1ʹ0" Ec: 4286.83 (ksi)
Change in Toe: 6" fʹc: 5.00 (ksi)
Change in Heel: 0" SoilWall Friction: 16.67 deg
Footing Thickness: 1ʹ6" Sliding Friction: 16.67 deg
Toe Length: 1ʹ0" Backfill Weight: 0.12 (kcf)
Heel Length: 6ʹ6" Backfill Friction: 25.00 deg
Backfill Depth: 13ʹ6" Es: 29000.00 (ksi)
Backfill Slope: 0.00 deg fy: 60.00 (ksi)
Wall Length: 75ʹ0"
Reinforcement Summary
Stem Footing
Flexure S&T Flexure Top Flexure Bot S&T
Bar 7 3 Bar 7 3 3
Spacing 18 11 Spacing 18 12 11
(in) (in)
Cover (in) 3 3 Cover (in) 3 3 3
Resistance Factors
phi ᵈ ᵍ 1.00
phi ᵉ ᵘ ᵉ ᵒᵒᵗ ᵍ 0.90
phi ᵉᵃ ᵒᵒᵗ ᵍ 0.90
phi ᵉ ᵘ ᵉ ᵗᵉᵐ 0.90
phi ᵉᵃ ᵗᵉᵐ 0.90
Heel Analysis
Unfactored Shear (k / ft)

Distance along heel 0" 7.8" 1ʹ3.6" 1ʹ11.4" 2ʹ7.2" 3ʹ3" 3ʹ10.8" 4ʹ6.6" 5ʹ2.4" 5ʹ10.2" 6ʹ6"
Concrete Self Weight (DC) 1.46 1.32 1.17 1.02 0.88 0.73 0.59 0.44 0.29 0.15 0.00
Backfill Weight (EV) 10.53 9.48 8.42 7.37 6.32 5.27 4.21 3.16 2.11 1.05 0.00
Backfill Lateral (EH) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Factored Shear (k / ft)

Minimum Shear Load Case Maximum Shear Load Case
Concrete Self Weight 0.9 Concrete Self Weight 1.25
Backfill Weight 1 Backfill Weight 1
Backfill Lateral 0.9 Backfill Lateral 1.5
Bearing and Sliding Shear (k / ft)

Minimum Sliding Shear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Maximum Sliding Shear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Minimum Bearing Shear 9.63 8.22 6.81 5.40 3.99 2.58 1.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Maximum Bearing Shear 8.59 6.46 4.32 2.18 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Controlling Load Combination for Shear (k / ft)
Minimum Shear 1.70 2.07 2.44 2.63 2.77 2.78 2.78 2.78 2.37 1.18 0.00
Maximum Shear 4.28 5.04 5.80 6.56 7.37 6.34 6.42 4.81 3.21 1.60 0.00
Unfactored Moment (kip-ft / ft)

Factored Moment (kip-ft / ft)

Minimum Moment Load Case Maximum Moment Load Case
Backfill Weight 1.35 Backfill Weight 1
Bearing and Sliding Moment (kip-ft / ft)

Minimum Sliding Moment 3.89 3.51 3.12 2.73 2.34 1.95 1.56 1.17 0.78 0.39 0.00
Maximum Sliding Moment 2.34 2.10 1.87 1.64 1.40 1.17 0.93 0.70 0.47 0.23 0.00
Minimum Bearing Moment 21.48 14.76 9.30 5.09 2.14 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Maximum Bearing Moment 21.37 15.57 10.68 6.72 3.67 1.53 0.31 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Controlling Load Combination for Moment (kip-ft / ft)

Minimum Moment 25.13 22.91 20.36 17.48 14.25 10.69 6.81 3.55 1.64 0.31 0.03
Maximum Moment 14.12 12.55 10.98 9.41 7.84 6.27 4.63 2.33 0.79 0.02 0.02
Unfactored Axial (k / ft)

Factored Axial (k / ft)

Minimum Axial Load Case Maximum Axial Load Case
Bearing and Sliding Axial (k / ft)

Minimum Sliding Axial 5.19 4.67 4.15 3.63 3.12 2.60 2.08 1.56 1.04 0.52 0.00
Maximum Sliding Axial 5.19 4.67 4.15 3.63 3.12 2.60 2.08 1.56 1.04 0.52 0.00
Minimum Bearing Axial 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Maximum Bearing Axial 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Controlling Load Combination for Axial (k / ft)

Minimum Axial 2.97 2.45 1.93 1.41 0.89 0.37 0.09 0.40 0.71 1.02 1.33
Maximum Axial 1.78 1.47 1.16 0.85 0.54 0.22 0.14 0.66 1.18 1.70 2.22
Toe Analysis

Distance along toe 0" 1.2" 2.4" 3.6" 4.8" 6" 7.2" 8.4" 9.6" 10.8" 1ʹ0"

Bearing and Sliding Shear (k / ft)

Minimum Sliding Shear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Maximum Sliding Shear 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Minimum Bearing Shear 2.17 1.95 1.74 1.52 1.30 1.08 0.87 0.65 0.43 0.22 0.00
Maximum Bearing Shear 3.29 2.96 2.63 2.30 1.97 1.64 1.31 0.99 0.66 0.33 0.00

Minimum Shear 1.97 1.77 1.57 1.38 1.18 0.98 0.79 0.59 0.39 0.20 0.00
Maximum Shear 3.01 2.71 2.40 2.10 1.80 1.50 1.20 0.90 0.60 0.30 0.00


Backfill Weight 1.35 Backfill Weight 1
Bearing and Sliding Moment (kip-ft / ft)

Minimum Sliding Moment 0.60 0.54 0.48 0.42 0.36 0.30 0.24 0.18 0.12 0.06 0.00
Maximum Sliding Moment 0.60 0.54 0.48 0.42 0.36 0.30 0.24 0.18 0.12 0.06 0.00
Minimum Bearing Moment 1.49 1.20 0.95 0.73 0.54 0.37 0.24 0.13 0.06 0.01 0.00
Maximum Bearing Moment 1.64 1.33 1.05 0.81 0.59 0.41 0.26 0.15 0.07 0.02 0.00

Minimum Moment 0.62 0.47 0.34 0.23 0.14 0.05 0.02 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.00
Maximum Moment 0.90 0.68 0.48 0.33 0.21 0.12 0.05 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00


Bearing and Sliding Axial (k / ft)

Minimum Sliding Axial 0.48 0.43 0.38 0.34 0.29 0.24 0.19 0.14 0.10 0.05 0.00
Maximum Sliding Axial 0.80 0.72 0.64 0.56 0.48 0.40 0.32 0.24 0.16 0.08 0.00
Minimum Bearing Axial 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Maximum Bearing Axial 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Minimum Axial 0.48 0.43 0.38 0.34 0.29 0.24 0.19 0.14 0.10 0.05 0.00
Maximum Axial 0.80 0.72 0.64 0.56 0.48 0.40 0.32 0.24 0.16 0.08 0.00
Stem Analysis

Distance along stem 0" 1ʹ7.2" 3ʹ2.4" 4ʹ9.6" 6ʹ4.8" 8ʹ0" 9ʹ7.2" 11ʹ2.4" 12ʹ9.6" 14ʹ4.8" 16ʹ0"


Minimum Shear 5.67 4.41 3.30 2.35 1.57 0.94 0.47 0.16 0.02 0.00 0.00
Maximum Shear 3.40 2.64 1.98 1.41 0.94 0.56 0.28 0.10 0.01 0.00 0.00



Minimum Moment 14.87 10.14 6.53 3.89 2.08 0.93 0.31 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00
Maximum Moment 25.20 17.22 11.14 6.68 3.60 1.65 0.57 0.10 0.01 0.00 0.00



Minimum Axial 3.72 3.17 2.67 2.20 1.77 1.38 1.04 0.73 0.46 0.22 0.00
Maximum Axial 5.45 4.63 3.87 3.17 2.54 1.97 1.46 1.02 0.63 0.31 0.00
Sliding Eccentricity Bearing

Load Case: Load Case: Load Case:
Concrete Self Weight 0.9 Concrete Self Weight 0.9 Concrete Self Weight 1.25
Backfill Weight 1 Backfill Weight 1 Backfill Weight 1
Backfill Lateral 1.5 Backfill Lateral 1.5 Backfill Lateral 1.5
Sliding Force: 7.19 (k / ft) Overturning Moment: 37.84 (kipft / ft) Bearing Pressure: 3.29 (ksf)
Sliding Capacity: 4.51 (k / ft) Eccentricity: 1ʹ11.83" Bearing Capacity: 4.00 (ksf)
Maximum Eccentricty: 3ʹ0"
Flexure Design Summary

Section Location Bar Bar Spacing (in) A ( (in)²/ (ft)) phi*M (kipft / Mᵘ (kipft / ft) Ratio
ft)
Top 7 18 0.40 25.79 25.13 1.03
Heel
Bot 3 12 0.11 7.30 0.00 ∞
Top 7 18 0.40 25.79 0.00 ∞
Toe
Bot 3 12 0.11 7.30 0.90 8.08
Stem Right 7 18 0.40 25.79 25.20 1.02
Shear Design Summary

Section Capacity (k / ft) Demand (k / ft) Ratio
Heel 18.78 7.37 2.55
Toe 24.84 3.01 8.26
Stem 15.32 5.67 2.70

Retaining Wall Verification Problem 1
Project: ETRetainingWall Quality Control
Task: Verification Problem 1
Client: Eriksson Software
Spec.: AASHTO LRFD 6th ed.
Inputs:
Physical Dimensions:
hstem  2.5 ft Height of the stem, measured from the backfill surface
tstem  1 ft Thickness at the top of the stem
tfoot  1.5 ft Thickness of the footing
Δtoe  6  in Tapering of the stem on the toe side of the retaining wall
Δheel  0 in Tapering of the stem on the heel side of the retaining wall
Ltoe  1 ft Length of the toe, measured from the stem's base
Lheel  6.5 ft Length of the heel, measured from the stem's base
Lwall  75 ft Length of the retaining wall
dburial  1.5 ft Burial depth, measured from the bottom of the foundation slab
dbackfill  13.5 ft Depth of backfill, measured from the surface of the base subgrade
θbackfill  0  deg Slope of the backfill
wtotal  Lheel  Δheel  tstem  Δtoe  Ltoe  9 ft Total width of the retaining wall
Material Properties:
wc  0.15 kcf Unit weight of the concrete
f' c  5 ksi Compressive strength of the concrete
1.5
 wc  f' c
Ec  33000 ksi      4286.826 ksi Elastic modulus of the concrete
 kcf  ksi
δ  16.6666666 deg Angle of friction between the backfill and the concrete
γff  0.12 kcf Base subgrade's unit weight
γbf  0.12 kcf Backfill soil's unit weight
ϕff  25 deg Base subgrade's angle of internal friction
ϕbf  25 deg Backfill soil's angle of internal friction
cff  0  ksf Base subgrades cohesion
cbf  0  ksf Backfill soil's cohesion
fy  60 ksi Reinforcing steel's yield point
Es  29000 ksi Reinforcing steel's elastic modulus

Reinforcement Properties:
barFlexurestem  7 spacingSTstem  11 in barFlexurefootBot  3
spacingFlexurestem  18 in barFlexurefootTop  6 spacingFlexurefootBot  12 in
coverFlexurestem  3 in spacingFlexurefootTop  18 in coverFlexurefootBot  3 in
barSTstem  3 coverFlexurefootTop  3 in barSTfoot  3 spacingSTfoot  11 in
Analysis:
pts  11 The total number of evaluation points to be used in the analysis of the stem, i  1  pts
heel, and toe
Load Factors to be used for the Strength I load combination. Load Combination and Load Factors based on LRDF Table
3.4.2-1 and Table 3.4.1-2
 0.9   1.0  0.9 
γDC    γEV    γEH   
1.25  1.35  1.5 
System Analysis:
Concrete Self Weight (DC):
 
Afoot.DC  wtotal  tfoot  13.5 ft
2
 wtotal
xfoot.y   4.5 ft
2
1
Astem.DC   
 tstem  tstem  Δheel  Δtoe  hstem  dburial  d backfill  tfoot  20 ft  2
2
Constants used for trapezoid geometry calculations

a  tstem b  tstem  Δtoe  Δheel c  Δtoe
2 2
2 a  c  a  c b  a  b  b
xstem.y  Ltoe   1.867 ft
3 ( a  b)
2
ADC  Afoot.DC  Astem.DC  33.5 ft
kip kip
Ffoot.y   Afoot.DC wc   2.025 Fstem.y   Astem.DC wc   3
ft ft
kip

Fy.DC  Ffoot.y  Fstem.y   5.025 
ft
kip
Fx.DC  0
ft
kip ft
kip ft Mstem.z  Fstem.y xstem.y   5.6
Mfoot.z  Ffoot.y xfoot.y   9.113 ft
ft
kip ft
Mz.DC  Mfoot.z  Mstem.z   14.712
ft

Backfill Self Weight (EV):
 Δheel  Lheel  Lheel kip

Fy.EV   d burial  dbackfill  tfoot   γbf   10.53
2 ft
Constants used for trapezoid geometry calculations
a  Δheel  Lheel  6.5 ft b  Lheel  6.5 ft c  Δheel  0
2 2
2  a c  a  c b  a b  b
xy.EV  Ltoe  Δtoe  tstem   5.75 ft
3 ( a  b)
kip ft
Mz.EV  Fy.EV xy.EV   60.547
ft
Backfill Lateral Pressure (EH):
LRFD states that the horizontal earth pressure (acting on the backfill of the system) acts at an angle between 1/3 phi and
2/3 phi, per LRFD Figure C3.11.5.3-1. We will check both of these values in order to bound the problem.
Coulomb Active Earth Pressure:
β  θbackfill  0 Slope of the backfill
ϕ  ϕbf  0.436 Angle of Internal Friction

π
θ   1.571 Slope of the interface, measured from the horizontal
2
δbf  ϕbf  0.436 Angle of friction along the interface
2
  
sin ϕ  δbf  sin( ϕ  β ) 
Calculated from LRFD 3.11.5.3-2
Γ  1   2.553

 sin θ  δbf  sin( θ  β ) 
2
sin( θ  ϕ)
ka   0.355 Calculated from LRFD 3.11.5.3-1
2
Γ sin( θ)  sin θ  δbf  
2
αmax  β  ϕbf  16.667 deg Maximum applied angle per LRFD Figure C3.11.5.3-1
3
1
αmin  β  ϕbf  8.333 deg Minimum applied angle per LRFD Figure C3.11.5.3-1
3
Maximum Angle:
   
h  tan θbackfill  Δheel  Lheel  d burial  dbackfill  15 ft 
2
h kip
Fmax.EH   γbf  13.5
2 ft
kip
Fmax.EH  Fmax.EH ka  4.793
ft
kip kip
Fmax.x.EH   Fmax.EH cos αmax   4.592   
Fmax.y.EH   Fmax.EH sin αmax   1.375
ft ft
h kip ft

Mmax.z.EH  L heel  Δheel  tstem  Δtoe  L toe  Fmax.y.EH    Fmax.x.EH  10.587
3 ft
Minimum Angle:
kip kip
Fmin.x.EH   Fmax.EH cos αmin   4.743    
Fmin.y.EH   Fmax.EH sin αmin   0.695
ft ft
h kip ft

Mmin.z.EH  L heel  Δheel  tstem  Δtoe  L toe  Fmin.y.EH    Fmin.x.EH  17.461
3 ft

Sliding 11.6.3.6:
The controlling sliding case comes from the load combination which provides maximum horizontal force and minimum
vertical force (to minimize sliding resistance). This load combination is summarized in LRFD Figure C11.5.6-2 as
γtempEH  γEH  1.5 γtempDC  γDC  0.9 γtempEV  γEV  1
2 1 1
kip
Fsliding  Fmin.x.EH γtempEH   7.114
ft
kip
Nsliding  Fmin.y.EH γtempEH  Fy.EV γtempEV  Fy.DC γtempDC   16.095
ft
kip
 
FslidingCapacity  Nsliding  tan ϕbf   7.505 LRFD Equation 10.6.3.4-2 under the assumption that the
ft concrete was cast in place. ϕ for sliding of a retaining wall is
equal to 1.0, thus is ignored
FslidingCapacity
RatioSliding   1.055
Fsliding
Eccentricity Limits 11.6.3.3:

The controlling sliding case comes from the load combination which provides maximum horizontal force and minimum
vertical force (to minimize sliding resistance). This load combination is summarized in LRFD Figure C11.5.6-2 as
2 1 1
kip ft
Moverturning  γtempEH Mmin.z.EH  γtempDC  Mz.DC  γtempEV  Mz.EV   47.597
ft
kip
Reaction  Fmin.y.EH γtempEH  Fy.EV γtempEV  Fy.DC γtempDC   16.095
ft
Moverturning wtotal
eccentricity     18.512 in
Reaction 2
wtotal
eccentricitymax   36 in
3
eccentricitymax
RatioEccentricty   1.945
eccentricity
Bearing Resistance 11.6.3.2:

The controlling bearing case comes from the load combination which provides maximum vertical force and maximum
eccentricity (to minimize bearing area). This load combination is summarized in LRFD Figure C11.5.6-1 as
2 2 1
kip ft
Moverturning  γtempEH Mmin.z.EH  γtempDC  Mz.DC  γtempEV  Mz.EV   52.746
ft
kip
Reaction  Fmin.y.EH γtempEH  Fy.EV γtempEV  Fy.DC γtempDC   17.853
ft
Moverturning wtotal
eccentricity     18.547 in
Reaction 2
B'  wtotal  2  eccentricity  5.909 ft
Reaction kip
qpressure    3.021
B' 2
ft

The bearing resistance of the soil will be calculated following LRFD 10.6.3.1 - Bearing Reistance of Soil
Nc  Tab BC ϕ  20.7 Nq  TabBC ϕ  10.7 Nγ  TabBC ϕ  10.9
bf bf bf
 1 2  1 3  1 4
deg deg deg
B' Nq B' B'

sc  1    1.041 sγ  1  0.4   0.968 sq  1.0   
 tan ϕbf  1.037
Lwall Nc Lwall L wall
The load inclination factors shall be neglected under the assumption that the footing contains modest embedment.
Ncm  N c sc  21.543 Cwq  1.0
Nqm  Nq  sq  11.093 Cwγ  1.0
Nγm  Nγ sγ  10.556
qn  c Ncm  γbf dburial  Nqm C wq  0.5 γbf B' Nγm C wγ  5.739 ksf
qR  0.55 qn  3.157 ksf
qR
RatioBearing   1.045
q pressure
Heel Analysis:
( i  1) T
xi   L heel x  ( 0 0.65 1.3 1.95 2.6 3.25 3.9 4.55 5.2 5.85 6.5 ) ft
pts  1
Shear:
Unfactored Shear:
kip
qDC  tfoot  wc  0.225
2
ft

vDC  Lheel  xi  qDC
i

T kip
vDC  ( 1.462 1.316 1.17 1.024 0.877 0.731 0.585 0.439 0.292 0.146 0 ) 
ft
kip

qEV  dburial  d backfill  tfoot  γbf  1.62 2
ft

vEV  L heel  xi  q EV
i

T kip
vEV  ( 10.53 9.477 8.424 7.371 6.318 5.265 4.212 3.159 2.106 1.053 0 ) 
ft

Factored Shear:
The total shear force in the heel is dependent on the bearing pressure. Thus, since the bearing pressure if a function of
the load combination we will check each load combination and determine the controlling case from it. The calculations
will be shown for a single load combination then the controlling case will be programatically found.
Bearing Shear:
γtDC  γDC  1.25 γtEV  γEV  1 γtEH  γEH  1.5
2 1 2
kip

Fmin.y   γtDC Fy.DC  γtEV Fy.EV  γtEH  Fmin.y.EH  17.853 
ft
kip ft

Mmin.y   γtDC Mz.DC  γtEV Mz.EV  γtEH Mmin.z.EH  52.746 
ft
Mmin.y wtotal
emin     1.546 ft
Fmin.y 2
beff  wtotal  2  e min  5.909 ft
bearingPressurestart  0 if emin  0  0 ft
 2 emin otherwise
bearingPressureend  bearingPressurestart  b eff  5.909 ft

Fmin.y kip
qBP   3.021
b eff 2
ft
vBP  0 if xi  Ltoe  Δtoe  tstem  Δheel  bearingPressureend
i

 bearingPressureend  xi  Ltoe  Δtoe  tstem  Δheel   qBP otherwise 
T kip
vBP  (  10.3  8.336  6.372  4.408  2.444  0.48 0 0 0 0 0 ) 
ft
i i

vHeel  vBP  γtEV vEV  γtDC vDC
i i

T kip
vHeel  ( 2.058 2.787 3.515 4.243 4.971 5.699 4.943 3.707 2.472 1.236 0 ) 
ft

27 kip
vHeel.Max  vtemp   1 10 
i ft
for j  1  2
γtempDC  γDC
j
for k  1  2
γtempEV  γEV
k
for l  1  2
γtempEH  γEH
l
for m  1  2
Fy  
 γtempDC Fy.DC  γtempEV  Fy.EV  γtempEH Fmin.y.EH  if m = 1
  γtempDC Fy.DC  γtempEV  Fy.EV  γtempEH Fmax.y.EH otherwise
Mz    γtempDC  Mz.DC  γtempEV  Mz.EV  γtempEH Mmin.z.EH  if m = 1
  γtempDC  Mz.DC  γtempEV  Mz.EV  γtempEH Mmax.z.EH otherwise
Mz wtotal
e 
Fy 2
b eff  wtotal  2  e
BPstart  0 if e  0
( 2 e ) otherwise
BPend  BPstart  b eff
Fy
q BP 
b eff
vBP  0 if xi  Ltoe  Δtoe  tstem  Δheel  BPend

i
 
 BPend  xi  Ltoe  Δtoe  tstem  Δheel   qBP otherwise
vBP  vBP  γtempEV  vEV  γtempDC vDC

i i i i
vtemp  vBP if vtemp  vBP

i i
return vtemp
T kip
vHeel.Max  ( 2.861 3.157 3.723 4.307 4.971 5.699 4.957 4.813 3.209 1.604 0 ) 
ft

27 kip
vHeel.Min  vtemp  1  10 
i ft
for j  1  2
γtempDC  γDC
j
for k  1  2
γtempEV  γEV
k
for l  1  2
γtempEH  γEH
l
for m  1  2
Fy  
Mz wtotal
e 
Fy 2
Fy
q BP 
b eff

i
 
vBP  vBP  γtempEV  vEV  γtempDC vDC

i i i i
vtemp  vBP if vtemp  vBP

i i
return vtemp
T kip
vHeel.Min  ( 0.176 0.465 0.755 1.044 1.187 1.215 1.18 1.144 1.108 1.073 0 ) 
ft

Moment:
Unfactored Moment:
kip
qDC  tfoot  wc  0.225
2
ft
  Lheel  xi 2

mDC     qDC
i  2 
T kip ft
mDC  (  4.753  3.85  3.042  2.329  1.711  1.188  0.761  0.428  0.19  0.048 0 ) 
ft
kip

qEV  dburial  d backfill  tfoot  γbf  1.62  2
ft
  Lheel  xi 2 
mEV     q EV
i  2 
T kip ft
mEV  (  34.222  27.72  21.902  16.769  12.32  8.556  5.476  3.08  1.369  0.342 0 ) 
ft
Backfill Lateral Load (EH):
 
ko  1  sin ϕbf  0.577 Assuming the at-rest earth pressure
 
σtop  dburial  d backfill  tfoot  γbf  1.62 ksf
 
σbot  dburial  d backfill  γbf  1.8 ksf
2
tfoot

mEH   σbot  σtop  ko 
i
 12
T kip ft
mEH  (  0.019  0.019  0.019  0.019  0.019  0.019  0.019  0.019  0.019  0.019  0.019 ) 
ft

Factored Moment:
The total moment in the heel is dependent on the bearing pressure and the shear stress. Thus, since the bearing
pressure and shear stress are functions of the load combination ,we will check each load combination and determine
the controlling case from it. The calculations will be shown for a single load combination then the controlling case will be
programatically found.
Bearing and Sliding Moment:

1 1 2
kip

ft
kip ft

ft
Mmin.y wtotal
emin     1.543 ft
Fmin.y 2

Fmin.y kip
qBP   2.721
b eff 2
ft
mBP  0 if xi  Ltoe  Δtoe  tstem  Δheel  bearingPressureend

i
bearingPressureend   xi  Ltoe  Δtoe  tstem  Δheel

2
 q BP otherwise
2
T kip ft
mBP  ( 15.864 10.399 6.084 2.919 0.903 0.037 0 0 0 0 0 ) 
ft

 γtEH Fmin.x.EH  kip
τsliding   0.79
wtotal 2
ft
Assuming the entire foundation supports a unfiorm sliding stress
tfoot

mSL  Lheel  xi  τsliding 
i
 2
T kip ft
mSL  ( 3.853 3.468 3.083 2.697 2.312 1.927 1.541 1.156 0.771 0.385 0 ) 
ft
i i i

mHeel  mSL  mBP  γtEV mEV  γtDC mDC  γtEH mEH
i i i

T kip
mHeel  (  18.812  17.347  15.502  13.278  10.674  7.691  4.648  2.338  0.799  0.029  0.029 ) ft
ft

27 kip ft
mHeel.Max  mtemp   1 10 
i ft
for j  1  2
γtempDC  γDC
j
for k  1  2
γtempEV  γEV
k
for l  1  2
γtempEH  γEH
l
for m  1  2
Fy  
Mz wtotal
e 
Fy 2
Fy
q BP 
b eff
mBP  0 if xi  Ltoe  Δtoe  tstem  Δheel  BPend

i
BPend   xi  Ltoe  Δtoe  tstem  Δheel

2
 q BP otherwise
2
 γtempEH Fmin.x.EH
τ SL  if m = 1
wtotal
 γtempEH Fmax.x.EH
otherwise
wtotal
tfoot

mSL  Lheel  xi  τSL
i
 2
mTot  mBP  mSL  γtempEV  mEV  γtempDC mDC  γtempEH mEH
i i i i i i
mtemp  mTot if mtemp  mTot

i i
return mtemp
T kip ft
mHeel.Max  (  5.447  4.777  4.13  3.506  2.905  2.328  1.773  1.242  0.734  0.029  0.018 ) 
ft

27 kip ft
mHeel.Min  mtemp  1  10 
i ft
for j  1  2
γtempDC  γDC
j
for k  1  2
γtempEV  γEV
k
for l  1  2
γtempEH  γEH
l
for m  1  2
Fy  
Mz wtotal
e 
Fy 2
Fy
q BP 
b eff

i

2
 q BP otherwise
2
τ SL  if m = 1
wtotal
otherwise
wtotal
tfoot

i
 2
i i i i i i
mtemp  mTot if mtemp  mTot

i i
return mtemp
T kip ft
mHeel.Min  (  18.812  17.595  15.933  13.797  11.598  9.186  6.491  3.566  1.527  0.315  0.029 ) 
ft

Axial:
Unfactored Axial:
 
ko  1  sin ϕbf  0.577
 
σtop  dburial  d backfill  tfoot  γbf  1.62 ksf  
σbot  dburial  d backfill  γbf  1.8 ksf
 σbot  σtop 
nEH     ko tfoot
i  2 
T kip
nEH  ( 1.481 1.481 1.481 1.481 1.481 1.481 1.481 1.481 1.481 1.481 1.481 ) 
ft
Factored Axial
The total axial force in the heel is dependent on the shear stress. Thus, since the hear stress is a function of the load
combination, we will check each load combination and determine the controlling case from it. The calculations will be
shown for a single load combination then the controlling case will be programatically found.
Bearing Axial Sliding:
1 1 2
 γtEH Fmin.x.EH kip

τsliding    0.79
wtotal 2
ft

nSL  τsliding  L heel  xi
i

T kip
nSL  (  5.138  4.624  4.11  3.597  3.083  2.569  2.055  1.541  1.028  0.514 0 ) 
ft
nHeel  n SL  γtEH n EH
i i i
T kip
nHeel  (  2.916  2.403  1.889  1.375  0.861  0.347 0.166 0.68 1.194 1.708 2.221 ) 
ft
27 kip
nHeel.Max  ntemp   1 10 
i ft
for j  1  2
γtempDC  γDC
j
for k  1  2
γtempEV  γEV
k
for l  1  2
γtempEH  γEH
l
for m  1  2
γtempEH Fmin.x.EH
τSL  if m = 1
wtotal
γtempEH Fmax.x.EH
otherwise
wtotal
nSL  τ SL L heel  xi

i
 
nTot  n SL  γtempEH nEH
i i i
ntemp  n Tot if ntemp  nTot

i i
return ntemp

T kip
nHeel.Max  (  1.652  1.353  1.055  0.756  0.458  0.159 0.232 0.729 1.227 1.724 2.221 ) 
ft
27 kip
nHeel.Min  ntemp  1  10 
i ft
for j  1  2
γtempDC  γDC
j
for k  1  2
γtempEV  γEV
k
for l  1  2
γtempEH  γEH
l
for m  1  2
τSL  if m = 1
wtotal
otherwise
wtotal
nSL  τ SL L heel  xi

i
 
nTot  n SL  γtempEH nEH
i i i
ntemp  n Tot if ntemp  nTot

i i
return ntemp
T kip
nHeel.Min  (  2.916  2.403  1.889  1.375  0.861  0.347 0.1 0.408 0.716 1.025 1.333 ) 
ft

Shear Capacity:
Although not part of the analysis, this is dependent on the load combinations and thus will be included in this section.
VCHeel  Ac  12 in tfoot
i
Vctemp  100 kip
1
Vctemp  0.001 kip

2
for j  1  2
γtempDC  γDC
j
for k  1  2
γtempEV  γEV
k
for l  1  2
γtempEH  γEH
l
for m  1  2
Fy  
Mz wtotal
e 
Fy 2
Fy
q BP 
b eff

i
 
vTot  vBP  γtempEV  vEV  γtempDC  vDC

i i i i

i

2
 q BP otherwise
2
τ SL  if m = 1
wtotal
otherwise
wtotal
tfoot

i
 2

i i i i i i

n SL   τ SL L heel  xi
i

n Tot  nSL  γtempEH n EH
i i i
for o  i
 Bar D barFlexurefootBot 
d tfoot  coverFlexurefootBot   if mTot  0
 2  o
 Bar D barFlexurefootTop 
tfoot  coverFlexurefootTop   otherwise
 2 

As  BarA  barFlexurefootBot 
12 in 
spacingFlexure
 if mToto  0
 footBot 
Bar barFlexure 12 in  otherwise
 A footTop 
spacingFlexure

 footTop 
Vnum  VcmTot  ft  nTot  ft vTot  ft tfoot d Es As 0.75 in 12 in f' c Ec Ac
 o o o 
Vden  vTot  ft
o
Vnum
ratio  if Vden  0
Vden
 1 1027 otherwise
Vctemp
1
if ratio 
Vctemp
2
Vctemp  Vnum
1
Vctemp  Vden
2
return Vctemp
T 15.26  15.57  16.17  16.94  17.71  19.36  20.56  23.26  28.02  33.31  100  
VCHeel                          kip
 2.86   3.14   3.72   4.31   4.97   5.7   4.96   4.81   3.21   1.6   0  
VCHeeli
 1
Ratioi 
VCHeeli
 2
min( Ratio)  3.397

Toe Analysis:
( i  1)
xi   L toe
pts  1
T
x  ( 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 ) ft
Shear:
Unfactored Shear:
kip
qDC  tfoot  wc  0.225
2
ft

vDC   L toe  x  qDC
i
i
T kip
vDC  (  0.225  0.203  0.18  0.157  0.135  0.113  0.09  0.068  0.045  0.023 0 ) 
ft
Factored Shear:
Bearing Shear:
γtDC  γDC  1.25 γtEV  γEV  1.35 γtEH  γEH  1.5
2 2 2
kip

ft
kip ft

ft
Mmin.y wtotal
emin     1.067 ft
Fmin.y 2
Fmin.y kip
qBP   3.137
b eff 2
ft
vBP  0 if xi  bearingPressurestart
i
 Ltoe  xi  qBP otherwise
T kip
vBP  ( 3.137 2.823 2.51 2.196 1.882 1.569 1.255 0.941 0.627 0.314 0 ) 
ft
vToe  vBP  γtDC vDC
i i i
T kip
vToe  ( 2.856 2.57 2.285 1.999 1.714 1.428 1.142 0.857 0.571 0.286 0 ) 
ft

27 kip
vToe.Max  vtemp   1  10 
i ft
for j  1  2
γtempDC  γDC
j
for k  1  2
γtempEV  γEV
k
for l  1  2
γtempEH  γEH
l
for m  1  2
Fy  
 γtempDC  Fy.DC  γtempEV  Fy.EV  γtempEH Fmin.y.EH  if m = 1
  γtempDC  Fy.DC  γtempEV  Fy.EV  γtempEH Fmax.y.EH otherwise
Mz    γtempDC Mz.DC  γtempEV  Mz.EV  γtempEH Mmin.z.EH  if m = 1
  γtempDC Mz.DC  γtempEV  Mz.EV  γtempEH Mmax.z.EH otherwise
Mz wtotal
e 
Fy 2
beff  wtotal  2 e
( 2  e) otherwise
BPend  BPstart  beff
Fy
qBP 
beff
vBP  0 if xi  BPstart
i
vBP  vBP  γtempDC vDC

i i i
vtemp  vBP if vtemp  vBP

i i
return vtemp
T kip
vToe.Max  ( 2.856 2.57 2.285 1.999 1.714 1.428 1.142 0.857 0.571 0.286 0 ) 
ft

27 kip
vToe.Min  vtemp  1  10 
i ft
for j  1  2
γtempDC  γDC
j
for k  1  2
γtempEV  γEV
k
for l  1  2
γtempEH  γEH
l
for m  1  2
Fy  
Mz wtotal
e 
Fy 2
Fy
q BP 
b eff
i
vBP  vBP  γtempDC  vDC

i i i
vtemp  vBP if vtemp  vBP

i i
return vtemp
T kip
vToe.Min  ( 1.862 1.676 1.49 1.304 1.117 0.931 0.745 0.559 0.372 0.186 0 ) 
ft

Moment:
Unfactored Moment:
kip
qDC  tfoot  wc  0.225
2
ft
  Ltoe  x  2 
 i 
mDC     q DC
i  2 
T kip ft
mDC  (  0.113  0.091  0.072  0.055  0.04  0.028  0.018  0.01  0.005  0.001 0 ) 
ft
Factored Moment:
Bearing and Sliding Moment:
γtDC  γDC  1.25 γtEV  γEV  1.35 γtEH  γEH  1.5
2 2 2
kip

Fmin.y   γtDC Fy.DC  γtEV Fy.EV  γtEH  Fmax.y.EH  22.559 
ft
kip ft

Mmin.y   γtDC Mz.DC  γtEV Mz.EV  γtEH Mmax.z.EH  84.249 
ft
Mmin.y wtotal
emin     0.765 ft
Fmin.y 2

Fmin.y kip
qBP   3.02
b eff 2
ft
mBP  0 if xi  bearingPressurestart
i
 Ltoe  xi 2
 qBP otherwise
2
T kip ft
mBP  ( 1.51 1.223 0.966 0.74 0.544 0.378 0.242 0.136 0.06 0.015 0 ) 
ft

 γtEH Fmax.x.EH  kip
τsliding   0.765
wtotal 2
ft
tfoot

mSL   L toe  xi  τsliding 
i
 2
T kip ft
mSL  (  0.574  0.517  0.459  0.402  0.344  0.287  0.23  0.172  0.115  0.057 0 ) 
ft
mToe  mSL  mBP  γtDC mDC
i i i i
T kip
mToe  ( 0.795 0.593 0.417 0.269 0.149 0.055  0.01  0.049  0.06  0.044 0 ) ft 
ft

27 kip ft
mToe.Max  mtemp   1  10 
i ft
for j  1  2
γtempDC  γDC
j
for k  1  2
γtempEV  γEV
k
for l  1  2
γtempEH  γEH
l
for m  1  2
Fy  
 γtempDC  Fy.DC  γtempEV  Fy.EV  γtempEH Fmin.y.EH  if m = 1
  γtempDC  Fy.DC  γtempEV  Fy.EV  γtempEH Fmax.y.EH otherwise
Mz    γtempDC Mz.DC  γtempEV  Mz.EV  γtempEH Mmin.z.EH  if m = 1
  γtempDC Mz.DC  γtempEV  Mz.EV  γtempEH Mmax.z.EH otherwise
Mz wtotal
e 
Fy 2
beff  wtotal  2 e
( 2  e) otherwise
BPend  BPstart  beff
Fy
qBP 
beff
mBP  0 if xi  BPstart
i
 q BP otherwise
2
τSL  if m = 1
wtotal
otherwise
wtotal
tfoot

mSL   Ltoe  xi  τ SL
i
 2
mTot  mBP  mSL  γtempDC mDC
i i i i
mtemp  mTot if mtemp  mTot

i i
return mtemp
T kip ft
mToe.Max  ( 0.835 0.636 0.471 0.33 0.212 0.119 0.048 0.001 0.022  0.023 0 ) 
ft

27 kip ft
mToe.Min  mtemp  1  10 
i ft
for j  1  2
γtempDC  γDC
j
for k  1  2
γtempEV  γEV
k
for l  1  2
γtempEH  γEH
l
for m  1  2
Fy  
Mz wtotal
e 
Fy 2
Fy
q BP 
b eff
i
 qBP otherwise
2
τ SL  if m = 1
wtotal
otherwise
wtotal
tfoot

mSL   L toe  xi  τSL
i
 2
mTot  mBP  mSL  γtempDC  mDC
i i i i
mtemp  mTot if mtemp  mTot

i i
return mtemp
T kip ft
mToe.Min  ( 0.587 0.426 0.285 0.168 0.074 0.004 0.043  0.068  0.068  0.047 0 ) 
ft

Axial:
Unfactored Axial:
 
ko  1  sin ϕbf  0.577
 
σtop  dburial  d backfill  tfoot  γbf  1.62 ksf
σbot   dburial  d backfill   γbf  1.8 ksf

 σbot  σtop 
nEH     ko tfoot
i  2 
T kip
nEH  ( 1.481 1.481 1.481 1.481 1.481 1.481 1.481 1.481 1.481 1.481 1.481 ) 
ft
Factored Axial:
Bearing Axial Sliding:
1 1 2
 γtEH Fmin.x.EH kip

τsliding    0.79
wtotal 2
ft

nSL  τsliding  xi  Ltoe
i

T kip
nSL  ( 0.79 0.711 0.632 0.553 0.474 0.395 0.316 0.237 0.158 0.079 0 ) 
ft
nToe  n SL
i i
T kip
nToe  ( 0.79 0.711 0.632 0.553 0.474 0.395 0.316 0.237 0.158 0.079 0 ) 
ft
27 kip
nToe.Max  n temp   1  10 
i ft
for j  1  2
γtempDC  γDC
j
for k  1  2
γtempEV  γEV
k
for l  1  2
γtempEH  γEH
l
for m  1  2
τ SL  if m = 1
wtotal
 γtempEH Fmax.x.EH 
  if m = 2
 wtotal 
n SL  τSL xi  L toe
i
 
n Tot  nSL
i i
n temp  nTot if n temp  n Tot

i i
return n temp
T kip
nToe.Max  ( 0.79 0.711 0.632 0.553 0.474 0.395 0.316 0.237 0.158 0.079 0 ) 
ft

27 kip
nToe.Min  ntemp  1  10 
i ft
for j  1  2
γtempDC  γDC
j
for k  1  2
γtempEV  γEV
k
for l  1  2
γtempEH  γEH
l
for m  1  2
τSL  if m = 1
wtotal
otherwise
wtotal
nSL  τ SL xi  Ltoe

i
 
nTot  n SL
i i
ntemp  n Tot if ntemp  nTot

i i
return ntemp
T kip
nToe.Min  ( 0.459 0.413 0.367 0.321 0.276 0.23 0.184 0.138 0.092 0.046 0 ) 
ft

Shear Capacity:
VCToe  Ac  12 in tfoot
i
1

2
for j  1  2
γtempDC  γDC
j
for k  1  2
γtempEV  γEV
k
for l  1  2
γtempEH  γEH
l
for m  1  2
Fy  
Mz wtotal
e 
Fy 2
Fy
q BP 
b eff
i
vTot  vBP  γtempDC vDC

i i i
i
 qBP otherwise
2
τ SL  if m = 1
wtotal
otherwise
wtotal
tfoot

mSL   L toe  xi  τSL
i
 2
mTot  mBP  mSL  γtempDC  mDC
i i i i


n SL  τSL xi  L toe
i

n Tot  nSL
i i
for o  i
 2  o
 2 

12 in 
spacingFlexure
 if mToto  0
 footBot 
spacingFlexure

 footTop 
Vnum  Vc mTot  ft nTot  ft  vTot  ft tfoot d Es As 0.75 in 12 in f' c Ec Ac
 o o o 
o
Vnum
Vden
Vctemp
1
if ratio 
Vctemp
2
Vctemp  Vnum
1
Vctemp  Vden
2
return Vctemp
T 24.75  26.1  27.5  29.41  31.23  32.93  41.24  42.39  43.79  45.46  100  
VCToe                          kip
 2.86  2.57  2.28   2   1.71   1.43   1.14   0.86   0.57   0.29   0  
VCToei
 1
Ratioi 
VCToei
 2

Stem Analysis:
( i  1)
xi  
 dburial  d backfill  hstem  tfoot 
pts  1
T
x  ( 0 1.6 3.2 4.8 6.4 8 9.6 11.2 12.8 14.4 16 ) ft
Shear:
Unfactored Shear:
Backfill Lateral Pressure (EH):
β  θbackfill  0
ϕ  ϕbf  0.436
 dburial  dbackfill  hstem  tfoot 
θ  atan  if Δheel  0  1.571
 Δheel 
π
2
δbf  δ  0.291
2
  
Γ  1   2.376

 sin θ  δbf  sin( θ  β ) 
2
sin( θ  ϕ)
ka   0.361
2
π
α   θ  δbf  0.291
2
h  dburial  d backfill  tfoot  13.5 ft
2
h kip
FEH   γbf  10.935
2 ft
kip
FEH  FEH ka  3.945
ft
kip
Fx.EH   FEH cos( α)   3.78
ft
kip
Fy.EH   FEH sin( α)   1.132
ft
vEH  0 if xi  d burial  dbackfill  tfoot
i
  dburial  dbackfill  tfoot  xi 2 
  γbf k a  cos ( α )  otherwise
 2 
T kip
vEH  ( 3.78 2.937 2.2 1.57 1.045 0.627 0.315 0.11 0.01 0 0 ) 
ft
Factored Shear:
vStem.Max   γEH  vEH  2
T kip
vStem.Max  (  5.67  4.405  3.3  2.355  1.568  0.941  0.473  0.165  0.015 0 0 ) 
ft
vStem.Min   γEH  vEH  1
T kip
vStem.Min  (  3.402  2.643  1.98  1.413  0.941  0.565  0.284  0.099  0.009 0 0 ) 
ft

Unfactored Moment:
a  tstem
( i  1)
bi  tstem  Δheel  Δtoe  
 Δtoe  Δheel 
pts  1
hi  hstem  dburial  d backfill  tfoot  xi
( pts  i )
ci  Δtoe
pts  1

 i a  bi
h  
qDC     wc
i  2 
T kip
qDC  ( 3 2.646 2.304 1.974 1.656 1.35 1.056 0.774 0.504 0.246 0 ) ft 
2
ft
2
2  a ci  a  ci bi  a b i  bi  2
Cx 
i 
3 a  bi 
bi
NAi 
2

mDC   q DC  C x  NAi i 
i i 
T kip ft
mDC  (  0.35  0.279  0.218  0.164  0.119  0.081  0.051  0.028  0.012  0.003 0 ) 
ft
Δheel
dxi  
 d burial  dbackfill  tfoot  xi 
dburial  d backfill  hstem  tfoot
T
dx  ( 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 )
 dxi 2 tan θbackfill  dxi   dburial  dbackfill  tfoot  xi

A1  A2 
i 2 i 2
qEV  0 if xi  d burial  dbackfill  tfoot

i
A1i  A2i  γbf otherwise
 
mai  0 if xi  dburial  d backfill  tfoot
dxi
NAi  otherwise
3
T
ma  ( 0.75 0.725 0.7 0.675 0.65 0.625 0.6 0.575 0.55 0 0 ) ft

mEV   qEV  ma i
i i

T kip ft
mEV  ( 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) 
ft

ϕ  ϕbf  0.436

θ  atan  if Δheel  0  1.571
 Δheel 
π
2
δbf  δ  0.291
2
  
Γ  1   2.376

 sin θ  δbf  sin( θ  β ) 
2
sin( θ  ϕ)
ka   0.361
2
π
α   θ  δbf  0.291
2

2
h kip kip
FEH   γbf  10.935 FEH  FEH ka  3.945
2 ft ft
kip kip
Fx.EH   FEH cos( α)   3.78 Fy.EH   FEH sin( α)   1.132
ft ft
mEH  0 if xi  d burial  dbackfill  tfoot
i
  dburial  dbackfill  tfoot  xi 3 
  γbf k a  cos ( α )  otherwise
 6 
T kip
mEH  ( 17.009 11.65 7.554 4.552 2.474 1.15 0.41 0.084 0.002 0 0 ) ft
ft
Factored Moment:
mStem.Max  γEH  mEH  γDC  mDC  γEV  mEV
i 2 i 1 i 1 i
T kip
mStem.Max  ( 25.198 17.223 11.135 6.681 3.604 1.652 0.569 0.101 0.008  0.003 0 ) ft
ft
mStem.Min  γEH  mEH  γDC  mDC  γEV  mEV
i 1 i 2 i 2 i
T kip
mStem.Min  ( 14.87 10.135 6.527 3.892 2.078 0.934 0.305 0.04 0.013  0.004 0 ) ft
ft

Unfactored Axial:
a  tstem
( i  1)
bi  tstem  Δheel  Δtoe  
 Δtoe  Δheel 
pts  1
hi  hstem  dburial  d backfill  tfoot  xi
( pts  i )
ci  Δtoe
pts  1

 i a  bi
h  
qDC     wc
i  2 
T kip
qDC  ( 3 2.646 2.304 1.974 1.656 1.35 1.056 0.774 0.504 0.246 0 ) ft 
2
ft
nDC  qDC
i i
T kip
nDC  ( 3 2.646 2.304 1.974 1.656 1.35 1.056 0.774 0.504 0.246 0 ) 
ft

Δheel
dxi   
 d burial  dbackfill  tfoot  xi
dburial  d backfill  hstem  tfoot
T
dx  ( 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 )
 dxi 2 tan θbackfill

A1 
i 2
T
A1  ( 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 )
 dxi   dburial  dbackfill  tfoot  xi

A2 
i 2
T
A2  ( 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 )
qEV  0 if xi  d burial  dbackfill  tfoot

i
A1i  A2i  γbf otherwise
 
nEV  q EV
i i
T kip
nEV  ( 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) 
ft

ϕ  ϕbf  0.436

θ  atan  if Δheel  0  1.571
 Δheel 
π
2
δbf  δ  0.291
2
  
Γ  1   2.376

 sin θ  δbf  sin( θ  β ) 
2
sin( θ  ϕ)
ka   0.361
2
π
α   θ  δbf  0.291
2
2
h kip kip
FEH   γbf  10.935 FEH  FEH ka  3.945
2 ft ft
kip kip
Fx.EH   FEH cos( α)   3.78 Fy.EH   FEH sin( α)   1.132
ft ft
nEH  0 if xi  dburial  d backfill  tfoot
i
  dburial  dbackfill  tfoot  xi 2 
  γbf k a  sin( α ) otherwise
 2 
T kip
nEH  ( 1.132 0.879 0.659 0.47 0.313 0.188 0.094 0.033 0.003 0 0 ) 
ft
Factored Axial
nStem.Max  γEH  nEH  γDC  n DC  γEV  n EV
i 2 i 2 i 2 i
T kip
nStem.Max  ( 5.447 4.626 3.868 3.172 2.539 1.969 1.462 1.017 0.635 0.308 0 ) 
ft
nStem.Min  γEH  n EH  γDC  nDC  γEV  nEV
i 1 i 1 i 1 i
T kip
nStem.Min  ( 3.718 3.173 2.666 2.2 1.772 1.384 1.035 0.726 0.456 0.221 0 ) 
ft

Shear Capacity:
VCStem  Ac  12 in tfoot

i
1

2
for j  1  2
γtempDC  γDC
j
for k  1  2
γtempEV  γEV
k
for l  1  2
γtempEH  γEH
l
vTot   γtempEH vEH

i i
mTot  γtempEH mEH  γtempDC mDC  γtempEV  mEV

i i i i
n Tot  γtempEH n EH  γtempDC n DC  γtempEV  nEV

i i i i
for o  i
 2  o
 2 

12  in 
spacingFlexure
 if mToto  0
 footBot 

spacingFlexure

 footTop 
Vnum  VcmTot  ft  nTot  ft vTot  ft tfoot d Es As 0.75 in 12 in f' c Ec Ac
 o o o 
o
Vnum
Vden
Vctemp
1
if ratio 
Vctemp
2
Vctemp  Vnum
1
Vctemp  Vden
2
return Vctemp
T 15.21  15.21  15.21  15.21  16.68  21.35  27.5  34.56  44.63  100  100  
VCStem                          kip
 5.67   4.41   3.3   2.35   1.57   0.94  0.47   0.16   0.02   0   0  

VCStemi
 1
Ratioi 
VCStemi
 2
Footing Design:
Moment Design:
T kip ft
mHeel.Max  (  5.447  4.777  4.13  3.506  2.905  2.328  1.773  1.242  0.734  0.029  0.018 ) 
ft
T kip ft
mHeel.Min  (  18.812  17.595  15.933  13.797  11.598  9.186  6.491  3.566  1.527  0.315  0.029 ) 
ft
T kip ft
mToe.Max  ( 0.835 0.636 0.471 0.33 0.212 0.119 0.048 0.001 0.022  0.023 0 ) 
ft
T kip ft
mToe.Min  ( 0.587 0.426 0.285 0.168 0.074 0.004 0.043  0.068  0.068  0.047 0 ) 
ft
 
mMax  max max max mHeel.Max max mToe.Max       0  0.835 kip ft
ft
  
mMin  min min min mHeel.Min min mToe.Min      0  18.812 kip ft
ft
Top Reinforcement:
12.0 in

As  BarA barFlexurefootTop    0.293 in
2
spacingFlexurefootTop
b  12 in

Bar D barFlexurefootTop 
d  tfoot   coverFlexurefootTop  14.625 in
2
β 1  0.85  0.8
 f'c 
0.85    4.0  0.05 if f' c  4.0  ksi
 ksi 
As fy a
a   0.345 in c   0.431 in
0.85 f' c b β1
dc
εc  0.003 εs   εc  0.099
c
fy
εy   0.002
Es

if εs  εy
2
 Es As εc  4.0 0.85 f' c β 1  Es As εc d
c  
 kip  2
kip  ft
1
c 0 if c  0
c otherwise
Es As εc
cc
kip
c
c
2.0 0.85 f' c b  β 1
dc
εs   εc
c
ϕ  0.75 if εs  0.002  0.9
0.9 if εs  0.005
0.65  0.15  d 
   1.0 otherwise
 c 
As
ϕMn  ϕ 
 min fy εs Es  d   a 
  19.077
kip ft
1  ft  2.0  ft
ϕMn
Ratio   22.843
mMax
Bottom Reinforcement:
12.0 in

As  BarA barFlexurefootBot   2
 0.11 in
spacingFlexurefootBot

Bar D barFlexurefootBot 
d  tfoot   coverFlexurefootBot  14.813 in
2
β 1  0.85  0.8
 f'c 
0.85    4.0  0.05 if f' c  4.0  ksi
 ksi 
As fy a
a   0.129 in c   0.162 in
0.85 f' c b β1
dc
εc  0.003 εs   εc  0.272
c
fy
εy   0.002
Es

if εs  εy
2
c  
 kip  2
kip  ft
1
c 0 if c  0
c otherwise
Es As εc
cc
kip
c
c
2.0 0.85 f' c b  β 1
dc
εs   εc
c
ϕ  0.75 if εs  0.002  0.9
0.9 if εs  0.005
0.65  0.15  d 
 c 
As
ϕMn  ϕ 
 min fy εs Es  d   a 
  7.3
kip ft
1  ft  2.0  ft
ϕMn
Ratio   0.388
mMin
Stem Design:
T kip ft
mStem.Min  ( 14.87 10.135 6.527 3.892 2.078 0.934 0.305 0.04 0.013  0.004 0 ) 
ft
T kip ft
mStem.Max  ( 25.198 17.223 11.135 6.681 3.604 1.652 0.569 0.101 0.008  0.003 0 ) 
ft
kip ft
 
mMax  max max mStem.Min mStem.Max 0  25.198  
ft
kip ft
 
mMin  min min mStem.Min mStem.Min 0   0.013  
ft
Flexure Design:
12.0 in

As  BarA barFlexurestem    0.4 in
2
spacingFlexurestem

Bar D barFlexurestem 
d  tfoot   coverFlexurestem  14.563 in
2
β 1  0.85  0.8
 f'c 
0.85    4.0  0.05 if f' c  4.0  ksi
 ksi 
As fy a
a   0.471 in c   0.588 in
0.85 f' c b β1
dc
εc  0.003 εs   εc  0.071
c
fy
εy   0.002
Es

if εs  εy
2
c  
 kip  2
kip  ft
1
c 0 if c  0
c otherwise
Es As εc
cc
kip
c
c
2.0 0.85 f' c b  β 1
dc
εs   εc
c
ϕ  0.75 if εs  0.002  0.9
0.9 if εs  0.005
0.65  0.15  d 
 c 
As
ϕMn  ϕ 
 min fy εs Es  d  a 
  25.789
kip ft
1  ft  2.0  ft
ϕMn
Ratio   1.023
mMax
Shrinkage and Temperature:

Stem:  Δheel  Δtoe  tstem 
1.30    12
AsReq 
 in  2
 in  0.078 in
2
 Δheel  Δtoe  tstem  fy

2   12
 in  ksi
AsReq  minmax AsReq 0.11 in
2 2 2
 0.60 in   0.11 in
12 in

As  BarA barST stem    0.12 in
2
spacingSTstem
As
Ratio   1.091
AsReq
Footing:  tfoot 
1.30    12
AsReq 
 in  2
 in  0.078 in
2
 tfoot  fy
2   12
 in  ksi
AsReq  minmax AsReq 0.11 in
2 2 2
 0.60 in   0.11 in
12 in

As  BarA barST foot    0.12 in
2
spacingSTfoot
As
Ratio   1.091
AsReq

Eriksson
Culvert
Analysis Results
Interior
Maximum Shear (kip/ft) 7.82 7.82 0.00%
Exterior
Maximum Shear (kip/ft) 6.95 6.95 0.00%
Bearing
Axial (kip/ft) 30.24 30.24 0.00%
Stability
Sliding Force (kip/ft) 1.84 1.84 0.00%
Eccentricity (ft) 0.69 0.69 0.00%
Bearing Pressure (ksf) 3.92 3.92 0.00%
Capacities
Slab
Flexure (kip*ft/ft) 18.29 18.29 0.00%
Shear (kip/ft) 13.46 13.46 0.00%
Two Way Shear

Shear (kip/ft) 315.48 315.48 0.00%
Bearing
Axial (kip/ft) 856.80 856.80 0.00%
Stability
Sliding Resistance (kip/ft) 6.24 6.24 0.00%
Maximum Eccentricity (ft) 2.89 2.89 0.00%
Bearing Resistance (ksf) 4.00 4.00 0.00%

Project: Quality Control
Date: 10/1/2018
Task:
Client:
Job Number:
Description: Sample Description
⊟ Properties and Dimensions:
Physical Dimensions: Concrete Properties:

Wall Thickness: 12.0 in Weight: 0.15 kcf
Slab Width: 104.0 in Compressive Strength: 5.0 ksi
Slab Thickness: 12.0 in Elastic Modulus: 4.287 ksi
Aggregate Size: 1.0 in
Soil Properties: Reinforcement Properties:
Weight: 0.12 kcf Yield Strength: 60.0 ksi
Bearing Strength: 4.0 ksf Elastic Modulus: 29000.0 ksi
Inner Fill: 3.0 ft
Outer Fill: 10.0 ft
⊟ Loading and Resistance Factors:
Load Factors: Resistance Factors:
Load Type Min Max Resistance Factor (Φ) Value
DC 0.9 1.25 Soil Bearing 1.0
EH 0.9 1.35 Sliding 0.9
EV 0.9 1.3 Moment 0.9
LS 1.75 1.75 Shear 0.9
LL 1.75 1.75 Conc. Bearing 0.7
WA 1 1
ES 0.75 1.5
Load Inputs:
Fill Depth = 1.0 ft Truck = HL-93
Load Type DC DW EV EH LS LL
Fx (k) 0.783 0.416 0.503 -1.797 -0.478 2.013
Fy (k) -3.721 -1.25 -1.512 0.0 0.0 -7.115
⊟ Reinforcement Summary:
Location Type Bar Size Spacing (in) As (in2) As Req. (in2) Check
Bottom Longitudinal 7 14.0 0.514 0.491 ✓
Bottom Transverse 3 11.0 0.12 0.117 ✓
Top Longitudinal 3 11.0 0.12 0.117 ✓
Top Transverse 3 11.0 0.12 0.117 ✓
⊟ Unfactored Load Results:
⊟ Bearing Pressure:
Load Reaction (k) Overturning Moment (kip-ft)
Slab Weight -1.3 -5.633
Fill Weight -5.98 -33.695
Load #1 (DC) -3.721 -16.907
Load #2 (DW) -1.25 -5.833
Load #3 (EV) -1.512 -7.053
Load #4 (EH) 0.0 1.797
Load #5 (LS) 0.0 0.478
Load #6 (LL) -7.115 -32.846
-20.878 -99.692
Reaction location at 99.692 / 20.878 = 4.775 ft
Eccentricity = (4.775 - 8.667 / 2.0) = 0.442 ft
Max Bearing Pressure = 4.0 ksf
Location Distance (ft) Magnitude (ksf)
Start 0.884 2.682 Bearing Ratio = 1.491
End 8.667 2.682

⊟ Eccentricity:
Slab Weight -1.3 -5.633
Fill Weight -5.98 -33.695
Load #1 (DC) -3.721 -16.907
Load #2 (DW) -1.25 -5.833
Load #3 (EV) -1.512 -7.053
Load #4 (EH) 0.0 1.797
Load #5 (LS) 0.0 0.478
Load #6 (LL) -7.115 -32.846
-20.878 -99.692
Eccentricity = (4.775 - 8.667 / 2.0) = 0.442 ft Eccentricity Ratio = 6.54
Max Eccentricity = 2.889 ft
⊟ Sliding:
Load Horizontal Force (k) Vertical Force (k)
Slab Weight 0.0 -1.3
Fill Weight 0.0 -5.98
Load #1 (DC) 0.783 -3.721
Load #2 (DW) 0.416 -1.25
Load #3 (EV) 0.503 -1.512
Load #4 (EH) -1.797 0.0
Load #5 (LS) -0.478 0.0
Load #6 (LL) 2.013 -7.115
1.441 -20.878
Sliding Force = 1.441 k
Sliding Ratio = 7.528
Sliding Resistance = 10.848 k
⊟ Left Shear (k):
Distance along slab (in)
Load
0.0 4.6 9.2 13.8 18.4 23.0 27.6 32.2 36.8 41.4 46.0
Slab Weight -0.575 -0.518 -0.46 -0.403 -0.345 -0.288 -0.23 -0.173 -0.115 -0.058 0.0
Fill Weight -1.38 -1.242 -1.104 -0.966 -0.828 -0.69 -0.552 -0.414 -0.276 -0.138 0.0
Bearing Pressure 3.566 3.023 2.479 1.936 1.393 0.85 0.307 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
⊟ Right Shear (k):
Load
0.0 4.6 9.2 13.8 18.4 23.0 27.6 32.2 36.8 41.4 46.0
Slab Weight 0.575 0.518 0.46 0.403 0.345 0.288 0.23 0.173 0.115 0.058 0.0
Fill Weight 4.6 4.14 3.68 3.22 2.76 2.3 1.84 1.38 0.92 0.46 0.0
Bearing Pressure -5.432 -4.889 -4.346 -3.803 -3.259 -2.716 -2.173 -1.63 -1.086 -0.543 0.0
⊟ Left Moment (kip-ft):
Load
0.0 4.6 9.2 13.8 18.4 23.0 27.6 32.2 36.8 41.4 46.0
Slab Weight -1.102 -0.893 -0.705 -0.54 -0.397 -0.276 -0.176 -0.099 -0.044 -0.011 0.0
Fill Weight -2.645 -2.142 -1.693 -1.296 -0.952 -0.661 -0.423 -0.238 -0.106 -0.026 0.0
⊟ Right Moment (kip-ft):
Load
0.0 4.6 9.2 13.8 18.4 23.0 27.6 32.2 36.8 41.4 46.0
Slab Weight -1.102 -0.893 -0.705 -0.54 -0.397 -0.276 -0.176 -0.099 -0.044 -0.011 0.0
Fill Weight -8.817 -7.142 -5.643 -4.32 -3.174 -2.204 -1.411 -0.794 -0.353 -0.088 0.0
⊟ Factored Load Results:
⊟ Bearing Pressure (Fill Depth = 1.0 ft Truck = HL-93):
Slab Weight 1.25 -1.625 -7.042
Fill Weight 1.3 -7.774 -43.804
Load #1 (DC) 1.25 -4.651 -21.134
Load #2 (DW) 1.5 -1.875 -8.749
Load #3 (EV) 1.3 -1.965 -9.169
Load #4 (EH) 0.9 0.0 1.617
Load #6 (LL) 1.75 -12.452 -57.48
-30.342 -145.76
Eccentricity = (4.804 - 8.667 / 2.0) = 0.471 ft
Max Bearing Pressure = 4.0 ksf
Start 0.941 3.928 Bearing Ratio = 1.018✓
End 8.667 3.928

⊟ Eccentricity (Fill Depth = 1.0 ft Truck = HL-93):
Slab Weight 0.9 -1.17 -5.07
Fill Weight 1.3 -7.774 -43.804
Load #1 (DC) 0.9 -3.349 -15.216
Load #2 (DW) 0.65 -0.813 -3.791
Load #3 (EV) 0.9 -1.36 -6.348
Load #4 (EH) 0.9 0.0 1.617
-14.466 -72.612
Eccentricity = (5.02 - 8.667 / 2.0) = 0.686 ft Eccentricity Ratio = 4.209✓
Max Eccentricity = 2.889 ft
⊟ Sliding (Fill Depth = 1.0 ft Truck = HL-93):
Load Horizontal Force (k) Vertical Force (k)
Slab Weight 0.9 0.0 -1.17
Fill Weight 0.9 0.0 -5.382
Load #1 (DC) 0.9 0.705 -3.349
Load #2 (DW) 0.65 0.271 -0.813
Load #3 (EV) 0.9 0.453 -1.36
Load #4 (EH) 1.35 -2.425 0.0
Load #5 (LS) 1.75 -0.837 0.0
-1.834 -12.074
Sliding Force = 1.834 k
Sliding Ratio = 3.421✓
Sliding Resistance = 6.274 k
⊟ Critical Section Summary:
Side Type Location (in): Moment (kip-ft): Shear (k): Axial (k): Capacity Ratio Check
Shear 8.64 11.952 7.853 0.0 11.977 1.525 ✓
Left
Moment 0.0 18.292 9.829 0.0 19.116 1.045 ✓
Shear 8.64 10.627 -6.983 0.0 11.977 1.715 ✓
Right
Moment 0.0 15.726 -8.457 0.0 19.116 1.216 ✓
Two Way Shear 4.375 --- 162.237 --- 315.482 1.945 ✓
Concrete Bearing --- --- --- -30.342 856.8 28.238 ✓
⊟ Left Shear Summary (Fill Depth = 1.0 ft Truck = HL-93):
Slab Weight 1.25 -1.625 -7.042
Fill Weight 1.3 -7.774 -43.804
Load #1 (DC) 1.25 -4.651 -21.134
Load #2 (DW) 1.5 -1.875 -8.749
Load #3 (EV) 1.3 -1.965 -9.169
Load #4 (EH) 1.35 0.0 2.425
Load #5 (LS) 1.75 0.0 0.837
Load #6 (LL) 1.75 -12.452 -57.48
-30.342 -144.115
Eccentricity = (4.75 - 8.667 / 2.0) = 0.416 ft
Start 0.0 2.996
End 8.667 4.006
⊟ Factored Shear (k):
Load
0.0 4.6 9.2 13.8 18.4 23.0 27.6 32.2 36.8 41.4 46.0
Slab Weight 1.25 -0.719 -0.647 -0.575 -0.503 -0.431 -0.359 -0.288 -0.216 -0.144 -0.072 0.0
Fill Weight 1.3 -1.794 -1.615 -1.435 -1.256 -1.076 -0.897 -0.718 -0.538 -0.359 -0.179 0.0
⊟ Factored Moment (kip-ft):
Load
0.0 4.6 9.2 13.8 18.4 23.0 27.6 32.2 36.8 41.4 46.0
Slab Weight 1.25 -1.378 -1.116 -0.882 -0.675 -0.496 -0.344 -0.22 -0.124 -0.055 -0.014 0.0
Fill Weight 1.3 -3.439 -2.785 -2.201 -1.685 -1.238 -0.86 -0.55 -0.309 -0.138 -0.034 0.0

⊟ Right Shear Summary (Fill Depth = 1.0 ft Truck = HL-93):
Slab Weight 1.25 -1.625 -7.042
Fill Weight 0.9 -5.382 -30.326
Load #1 (DC) 1.25 -4.651 -21.134
Load #2 (DW) 1.5 -1.875 -8.749
Load #3 (EV) 1.3 -1.965 -9.169
Load #4 (EH) 0.9 0.0 1.617
Load #6 (LL) 1.75 -12.452 -57.48
-27.95 -132.282
Eccentricity = (4.733 - 8.667 / 2.0) = 0.4 ft
Start 0.0 2.779
End 8.667 3.671
Load
0.0 4.6 9.2 13.8 18.4 23.0 27.6 32.2 36.8 41.4 46.0
Slab Weight 1.25 0.719 0.647 0.575 0.503 0.431 0.359 0.288 0.216 0.144 0.072 0.0
Fill Weight 0.9 4.14 3.726 3.312 2.898 2.484 2.07 1.656 1.242 0.828 0.414 0.0
Load
0.0 4.6 9.2 13.8 18.4 23.0 27.6 32.2 36.8 41.4 46.0
Slab Weight 1.25 -1.378 -1.116 -0.882 -0.675 -0.496 -0.344 -0.22 -0.124 -0.055 -0.014 0.0
Fill Weight 0.9 -7.935 -6.427 -5.078 -3.888 -2.857 -1.984 -1.27 -0.714 -0.317 -0.079 0.0
⊟ Left Moment Summary (Fill Depth = 1.0 ft Truck = HL-93):
Slab Weight 0.9 -1.17 -5.07
Fill Weight 1.3 -7.774 -43.804
Load #1 (DC) 1.25 -4.651 -21.134
Load #2 (DW) 1.5 -1.875 -8.749
Load #3 (EV) 1.3 -1.965 -9.169
Load #4 (EH) 1.35 0.0 2.425
Load #5 (LS) 1.75 0.0 0.837
Load #6 (LL) 1.75 -12.452 -57.48
-29.887 -142.144
Eccentricity = (4.756 - 8.667 / 2.0) = 0.423 ft
Start 0.0 2.944
End 8.667 3.953
Load
0.0 4.6 9.2 13.8 18.4 23.0 27.6 32.2 36.8 41.4 46.0
Slab Weight 0.9 -0.518 -0.466 -0.414 -0.362 -0.311 -0.259 -0.207 -0.155 -0.104 -0.052 0.0
Fill Weight 1.3 -1.794 -1.615 -1.435 -1.256 -1.076 -0.897 -0.718 -0.538 -0.359 -0.179 0.0
Load
0.0 4.6 9.2 13.8 18.4 23.0 27.6 32.2 36.8 41.4 46.0
Slab Weight 0.9 -0.992 -0.803 -0.635 -0.486 -0.357 -0.248 -0.159 -0.089 -0.04 -0.01 0.0
Fill Weight 1.3 -3.439 -2.785 -2.201 -1.685 -1.238 -0.86 -0.55 -0.309 -0.138 -0.034 0.0

⊟ Right Moment Summary (Fill Depth = 1.0 ft Truck = HL-93):
Slab Weight 0.9 -1.17 -5.07
Fill Weight 0.9 -5.382 -30.326
Load #1 (DC) 1.25 -4.651 -21.134
Load #2 (DW) 1.5 -1.875 -8.749
Load #3 (EV) 1.3 -1.965 -9.169
Load #4 (EH) 0.9 0.0 1.617
Load #6 (LL) 1.75 -12.452 -57.48
-27.495 -130.311
Eccentricity = (4.739 - 8.667 / 2.0) = 0.406 ft
Start 0.0 2.726
End 8.667 3.618
Load
0.0 4.6 9.2 13.8 18.4 23.0 27.6 32.2 36.8 41.4 46.0
Slab Weight 0.9 0.518 0.466 0.414 0.362 0.311 0.259 0.207 0.155 0.104 0.052 0.0
Fill Weight 0.9 4.14 3.726 3.312 2.898 2.484 2.07 1.656 1.242 0.828 0.414 0.0
Load
0.0 4.6 9.2 13.8 18.4 23.0 27.6 32.2 36.8 41.4 46.0
Slab Weight 0.9 -0.992 -0.803 -0.635 -0.486 -0.357 -0.248 -0.159 -0.089 -0.04 -0.01 0.0
Fill Weight 0.9 -7.935 -6.427 -5.078 -3.888 -2.857 -1.984 -1.27 -0.714 -0.317 -0.079 0.0
⊟ Two Way Shear (Fill Depth = 1.0 ft Truck = HL-93):
Left Side Shear:
Load
0.0 4.6 9.2 13.8 18.4 23.0 27.6 32.2 36.8 41.4 46.0
Slab Weight 0.9 -0.518 -0.466 -0.414 -0.362 -0.311 -0.259 -0.207 -0.155 -0.104 -0.052 0.0
Fill Weight 0.9 -1.242 -1.118 -0.994 -0.869 -0.745 -0.621 -0.497 -0.373 -0.248 -0.124 0.0
Right Side Shear:
Load
0.0 4.6 9.2 13.8 18.4 23.0 27.6 32.2 36.8 41.4 46.0
Slab Weight 0.9 0.518 0.466 0.414 0.362 0.311 0.259 0.207 0.155 0.104 0.052 0.0
Fill Weight 0.9 4.14 3.726 3.312 2.898 2.484 2.07 1.656 1.242 0.828 0.414 0.0
βc: 10
Vn: 350.535 k
Φ: 0.9 Two Way Shear Ratio = 1.945✓
Vr: 315.482 k
Vn: 162.237 k
⊟ Concrete Bearing (Fill Depth = 1.0 ft Truck = HL-93):
Load Reaction (k)
Slab Weight 1.25 -1.625
Fill Weight 1.3 -7.774
Load #1 (DC) 1.25 -4.651
Load #2 (DW) 1.5 -1.875
Load #3 (EV) 1.3 -1.965
Load #4 (EH) 0.9 0.0
Load #5 (LS) 1.75 0.0
Load #6 (LL) 1.75 -12.452
-30.342
A1: 144.0 in2

A2: 720.0 in2
Pn: 1224.0 k Concrete Bearing Ratio = 28.238✓
Φ: 0.7
Pr: 856.8 k

Strip Footing Design
Filename: Strip Footing VP01 Mathcad Version: 15
Description: Strip Footing verification problem 1. Design of a strip footing supporting a
single cell three sided culvert
By: J. Callahan
3
Typical Three Sided Culvert for Spans 15-24ft
Typical Three Sided Culvert for Spans 8-13ft

1.1 Input
Materials: Footing fc'  5 ksi

Concrete:
K1  1.0 Aggmax  1.0in Exposure  "Class 1" wc  0.150 kcf
Rebar: fy  60ksi Es  29000 ksi fs  24ksi

Allowable:
q  4.0ksf
Bearing Pressure a
Geometry: Footing Length: Length  10ft
twa  12in
Keyway Width:
Soil Fill: H s  10.0 ft
H s.inside  3.0ft
Reinforcement : cover  3 in
Cover
Loads: Enter the Design Vertical Pin Supported Reactions From ETCulvert
DC  3.638 klf LS  0.00klf
DW  1.25klf WA  0.00klf
EV  1.512 klf LL  7.115 klf
EH  0.00klf
Enter the Horizontal Pin Supported Reactions From ETCulvert
DCh  0.78klf LSh   0.478 klf
DWh  0.416 klf WAh  0 klf
EVh  0.503 klf LLh  2.013 klf
EH h   1.797 klf
Factors: Flexure: Variable Shear: ϕv  0.90 Bearing ϕb  0.70 (LRFD 5.5.4.2)
1.2 Determine Width of Footing Based On Loads

Load Factors per table 3.4.1-1 and 3.4.1-2
γDC  if ( DC  0 1.25 0.9) γDC  1.25 γEV  if ( EV  0 1.3 0.9) γEV  1.3 γLS  0.0 γLL  1.75
γDW  if ( DW  0 1.5 0.65) γDW  1.5 

γEH  if EHh  0 1.35 0.9  γEH  0.9 γWA  1.0
Bearing Load for strength design
p u  γDC DC  γDW DW  γEV EV  γEH  EH  γLS  LS  γWA WA  γLL LL p u  20.839 klf
h u  γDC DCh  γDW DWh  γEV EVh  γEH EH h  γLS  LSh  γWA WAh  γLL LLh h u  4.158  klf
Bearing Load for service design

p s1  DC  DW  EV  EH  LS  WA  LL p s1  13.515 klf
h s1  DCh  DWh  EVh  EH h  LSh  WAh  LLh h s1  1.437  klf

Enter a trial Footing Height
h trial  12.0in
 
q e  qa  h trial wc  H s  γs q e  2.65 ksf
 pu 
trial width btry  ceil   ft b try  8  ft
 qe ft 
 
Enter a trial Footing Size
b trial  104.0  in
Determine Resultant force and Footing Service Pressure. Enter trial footing thickness and reinforcing bar and
check allowable bearing pressure
C.G. Located from heel of wall

Footing Self Weight and C.G. P1  b trial h trial wc P1  1.3 klf
D 1  btrial 0.5 D 1  4.333  ft

Vertical Wall Load and C.G. P2  p s1 P2  13.515 klf
D 2  btrial 0.5 D 2  4.333  ft

Horizontal Wall Load and C.G. H 1  hs1 H 1  1.437  klf
D H1  htrial D H1  1  ft
Heel Soil Weight and C.G.   
P3  Hs.inside  γs 0.5btrial  0.5 twa  P3  1.38 klf

D 3  0.5 0.5btrial  0.5 twa  D 3  1.917  ft
Toe Soil Weight and C.G. P4   Hs  γs  0.5btrial  0.5 twa P4  4.6 klf
 
D 4  btrial  0.5  0.5b trial  0.5 twa D 4  6.75 ft

Resultant Resultant  P1  P2  P3  P4 Resultant  20.795 klf
ft
Moment Moment  P1  D1  P2  D2  P3  D3  H 1 D H1  P4 D 4 Moment  99.33  kip
ft
Moment
x 
Resultant x  4.777  ft e cc  0.5 b trial  x e cc   5.32 in
 Resultant
q max  q max   2.673  ksf
btrial  2  e cc
Check the allowable soil Pressure

checkallowable  if qmax  qa "NG increase size" "OK"  checkallowable  "OK"
Re-iterate if required
Compute the Strength Design Footing Pressure
Determine Resultant force and Footing Pressure. Enter trial footing thickness and reinforcing bar and check allowable
bearing pressure
Footing Self Weight and C.G. P1.u  γDC P1 P1.u  1.625  klf
Vertical Wall Load and C.G. P2.u  p u P2.u  20.839 klf
Horizontal Wall Load and C.G. H 1.u  hu H 1.u  4.158  klf
Heel Soil Weight and C.G. P3.u  γEV P3 P3.u  1.794  klf
Toe Soil Weight and C.G. P4.u  γEV P4 P4.u  5.98 klf
Resultant Resultantu  P1.u  P2.u  P3.u  P4.u Resultantu  30.238 klf

ft
Moment Momentu  P1.u D 1  P2.u D 2  P3.u D 3  P4.u D 4  H1.u DH1 Momentu  145.307  kip
ft
Momentu
xu 
Resultantu xu  4.805  ft e cc.u  0.5 b trial  xu e cc.u   5.665  in
 Resultantu
q max.u    3.916  ksf
btrial  2  e cc.u
Check the allowable soil Pressure

checkallowable  if qmax.u  qa "NG increase size" "OK"  checkallowable  "OK"
1.2 Perform Eccentricity Check

Load Factors per table 3.4.1-1 and 3.4.1-2
γDC  0.9 γEV  1.3 γLS  0.0
γDW  0.65 γEH  0.9 γLL  0.0

Bearing Load for strength design
p u  γDC DC  γDW DW  0.9 EV  γEH EH  γLS LS  γWA WA  γLL LL p u  5.448  klf
h u  γDC DCh  γDW DWh  0.9 EVh  γEH  EHh  γLS LS h  γWA WAh  γLL LLh h u   0.192  klf
Compute the Strength Design Eccentricity

Determine Resultant force and Footing Pressure. Enter trial footing thickness and reinforcing bar and check allowable
bearing pressure
Footing Self Weight and C.G. P1.u  γDC P1 P1.u  1.17 klf
Vertical Wall Load and C.G. P2.u  p u P2.u  5.448  klf
Horizontal Wall Load and C.G. H 1.u  hu H 1.u   0.192  klf
Heel Soil Weight and C.G. P3.u  γEV P3 P3.u  1.794  klf
Toe Soil Weight and C.G. P4.u  γEV P4 P4.u  5.98 klf
Resultant Resultantu  P1.u  P2.u  P3.u  P4.u Resultantu  14.392 klf

ft
Moment Momentu  P1.u D 1  P2.u D 2  P3.u D 3  P4.u D 4  H1.u DH1 Momentu  72.287 kip
ft
Momentu
b trial
xu 
Resultantu xu  5.023  ft e cc.u  0.5 b trial  xu e cc.u   0.69 ft e cc.allow   2.889 ft
3
Check the allowable eccentricity

checkallowable  if ecc.u  e cc.allow"NG increase size" "OK"  checkallowable  "OK"
1.3 Check Footing for Sliding Resistance

γDC  0.9 γDW  0.65 γEV  0.9 γEH  1.35 γLS  1.75
kip
 
Fvert  0.9 P1  0.9 P3  P4  γDC DC  γDW DW  γEV EV  γLS LS  12
ft
kip
Fhorz  γEH  EHh  γDC DCh  γDW DWh  γEV EVh  γLS  LSh   1.837 
ft
μ  tan ( 30 deg)  0.577 Assumed sliding friction angle
ϕsliding  0.9
kip
τ resistance  ϕsliding Fvert μ  6.235 
ft
kip
τ  Fhorz   1.837 
ft

checksliding  if τ resistance  τ "OK" "NG"  checksliding  "OK"
1.4 Critical Shear and Moment Design

Enter if you choose to conservatively neglect Soil and Concrete Gravity Loads (Enter "Neglect" or "Include")
Loadssoil.gravity  "Include"
Check Shear capacity for depth neglecting reduction from vertical soil and concrete load

Choose a Bar i  1  1
Bar NO  ( 4 )
q max.u   3.926  ksf
Preliminary Bar Diameter and Area
2 T q min.u   2.926  ksf
Bar A  ( 0.2 )  in Bar D  ( 0.5 )  in
Preliminary Effective Depth

BarD
D s  h trial  cover  D s  ( 8.75 )  in
2
h final  h trial  12 in b final  b trial  104  in
Design Moment
Interior
Gravity Soil and Concrete Pressures on top of footing
γDC  0.9 γEV  1.3
ω s.int  γEV Hs.inside  γs ω s.int  0.468  ksf
ω c  γDC h final wc ω c  0.135  ksf
q min.u   2.932  ksf q max.u   3.941  ksf
 qmax.u  qmin.u  bfinal  twa  

q u.face.int    twa  qmax.u q u.face.int  3.378  ksf
 b final  2  
 
 2
 bfinal  twa  1  q  bfinal  twa
2
 
Mdesign.int   q min.u 
 8

2 u.face.int
 q min.u  
12
 if Loadssoil.gravity = "Neglect"


  bfinal  twa 2 1  bfinal  twa 2   bfinal  twa 2
 qmin.u     q u.face.int  q min.u     ω s.int  ω c   if Loadsso
 8 2 12   8 
"ERROR INPUT" otherwise kip ft
Mdesign.int  18.205
ft
Exterior
γDC  0.9 γEV  0.9
ω s.ext  γEV H s γs ω s.ext  1.08 ksf
 qmax.u  qmin.u bfinal  twa 

 q max.u
1
q u.face.ext   q u.face.ext  3.212  klf
 b final 2  ft
 
 2
 b final  twa  bfinal  twa
2
 
 
1
Mdesign.ext  qu.face.ext   qmax.u  qu.face.ext   if Loadssoil.gravity = "Neglect"
 8 2 12 
 2 
  bfinal  twa 2  bfinal  twa    bfinal  twa 2
  qu.face.ext     ωs.ext  ω c 
1
qu.face.ext   qmax.u  if Loa
 8 2 12   8 
"ERROR INPUT" otherwise kip ft
Mdesign.ext  15.637
ft
Design for the Controlling Section 

Mdesign  max Mdesign.extMdesign.int 

BarD
D s.final  hfinal  cover  D s.final  ( 8.75 )  in
2
Assume a Ductile Design ϕf  0.9
 
β 1  if fc'  4 ksi 0.85 if fc'  8 ksi 0.65 0.85  0.05
 fc'  4ksi  β 1  0.8 Stress Block Factor β (LRFD 5.7.2.2)
  ksi 
Mdesign fc'  2  Rn 
R n   ( 264.195 ) psi ρreq  0.85

 1 1
 ρreq  ( 0.0045 )
2 fy  0.85 fc' 
ϕf  Ds.final  
2
As.req  ρreq 12in D s.final As.req  0.478  in per foot
Spacing Required
Bar A in in
Sreq  Sreq  ( 5.024 )  Sprov  5.0
As.req ft ft
USE: Number 7 Bars at 14" O.C. are sufficient for the main reinforcing steel for moment
Bar A 2
in
As  As  ( 0.48 ) 
Sprov 1 ft ft
Check Ductility and Design Strength
As 12in fy a
a  a  ( 0.565 )  in cNA  cNA  ( 0.706 )  in
0.85 fc' 12in β1
 Ds.final  cNA 
εt  0.003   εt  0.034
 cNA 
 

checkductility  if εt  0.005 "Tension Controlled ϕ=0.9" "Check Strength Factor and Redesign" 
checkductility  "Tension Controlled ϕ=0.9"
   Ds.final 
ϕf  if εt  0.005 0.9 if εt  0.002 0.75 0.65  0.15   1 ϕf  0.9 (LRFD 5.5.4.2)
   cNA 
   
 a
Mn  As fy Ds.final   (LRFD 5.7.3.2.3) Mn  20.322 kip
ft
 2 ft
ft
Mu  ϕf  Mn Mu  18.29  kip
ft

checkflexure  if Mu  Mdesign "OK" "NG"  checkflexure  "OK"
Check the Final Shear Capacity reducing shear with Gravity Loads
 
d v  max 0.72 hfinal 0.9 D s.final  8.64 in
Design Shear
Interior
γDC  1.25 γEV  1.3

q u.dv.int    twa  dv  qmax.u q u.dv.int  3.346  ksf
 b final  2  
 
 1   bfinal  twa
 q u.dv.int  q min.u   

 d v
Vu.int   qmin.u  if Loadssoil.gravity = "Neglect"
 2  2 
q   bfinal  twa    bfinal  twa 
 q min.u     
1
 min.u   q   d v   ω s.int  ω c    dv if Loadssoil.gravity = "Inc
 2 u.dv.int  2   2 
"ERROR INPUT" otherwise
kip
Vu.int  7.814 
ft
Exterior
γDC  0.9 γEV  0.9
ω s.ext  γEV H s γs ω s.ext  1.08 ksf

q u.dv.ext    dv  qmax.u q u.dv.ext  3.286  ksf
 bfinal  2  
 
q  bfinal  twa 
 u.dv.ext     
1
Vu.ext  qmax.u  qu.dv.ext     dv if Loadssoil.gravity = "Neglect"
 2 2 
q  bfinal  twa    bfinal  twa 
 u.dv.ext       dv   ω s.ext  ω c  
1
qmax.u  qu.dv.ext     dv if Loadssoil.gravity = "
 2 2    2 
"ERROR INPUT" otherwise
kip
Vu.ext  6.946 
ft
 
d v.final  max  0.9Ds.final 0.72 h final
  
(LRFD 5.8.2.9) d v.final  8.64 in
Vu2  max  Vu.ext  Vu.int   7.814  klf
kip ft
Mcorr  11.894
ft
Using the iterative method defined in appendix B5 From Table B5.2-2
sx  dv.final
1.38 in
sxe  sx  7.315  in
Aggmax  0.63 in
θ  30.0 deg Assumed

Mcorr
 0.5 Vu2 cot( θ)
d v.final
εx   1000.0  ( 1.673 )
θ  39.505 deg
 Es As
Mcorr
 0.5 Vu2 cot( θ)
d v.final
εx   1000.0  ( 1.527 )
 Es As
θ  39.038 deg
Mcorr
 0.5 Vu2 cot( θ)
d v.final
εx   1000.0  ( 1.533 )
Es As 
θ  39.071 deg
Mcorr
 0.5 Vu2 cot( θ)
d v.final
εx   1000.0  ( 1.532 )
Es As 
β  2.0418
dv.final   fc'  kip

Vc   min0.25 fc' 12in 0.0316ksi β    12in (LRFD 5.8.3.3) Vc  14.958
1  ft   ksi  ft
kip
Vr  ϕv Vc Vr  13.462
ft

cshear  if Vu2  Vr "OK" "NG"  cshear  "OK"
1.5 Bearing Requirement

Pr  ϕb Pn LRFD 5.7.5
A1  twa 12 in 2
A1  1  ft
A2  A1  h final 4  1  ft 2
A2  5  ft
 A2 
m  min
 2.0

 A1  m2
 
Pn  0.85 fc' A1  m
Pn  1224 kip
Pr  ϕb Pn
Pr  857  kip

checkbearing  if Resultantu 1 ft  Pr "OK" "NG"  checkbearing  "OK"
1.6 Two Way Shear Action Requirement
fc'  fc' 

Vn = 0.063 
0.126 
 bo  dv.final  0.126 ksi    b o d v.final LRFD 5.13.3.6.3
  ksi
 βc
 ksi  ksi 
Length
β c  β c  10
twa
b o  2  ( Length) b o  20 ft

Eriksson Culvert QC Document PDF

Transféré par

Informations du document

Titre original

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Eriksson Culvert QC Document PDF

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Eriksson Culvert

Program Version 4.3.0

Quality Control Document

Limited Use Document.

Eriksson Software, Inc.

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 2

Ex. 10: Retaining Wall Design .................................................................................. 414

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 3

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 4

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 5

Flexural Strength Check

Shear Strength Check

Crack Control Check

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 6

Spec.: LRFD 8th ed.

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 7

Reinforcing Steel Bar Schedule (lb)

1'-2 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-2 1/2"

1'-2 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-2 1/2"

1'-2 1/2" 6 C1 Bars @ 1'-6" 1'-2 1/2"

Section Ext. Longit. Reinf. Section Int. Longit. Reinf.

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 8

Top Slab Ext. Reinf. Top Slab Int. Reinf.

Bottom Slab Ext. Reinf. Bottom Slab Int. Reinf.

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 9

12 AE1 Bars @ 8"

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 10

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 11

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 12

Critical Sections Summary: Flexure

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 13

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 14

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 15

Live Load Parameters:

Truck Positions That Cause Maximum Results:

Unfactored Moments and Shears due to Truck Loads: (k-ft, k)

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 16

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 17

Strength Limit State at Critical Sections: Flexure

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 18

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 19

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 20

K 1  1.0 Agg max  1.5in λ  1.0

tts  12in tbs  11in twa  10in th  8 in

Factors: Flexure: ϕf  1.0 Shear: ϕv  0.90 (LRFD Table 12.5.5-1)

Figure 1: Cross section of box culvert with input variable definitions

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 21

Span to Thickness Ratio Segment Length

"Edge Beams Required" if H s  2 ft

bottom slab: w dbs  wc tbs  1 ft w dbs  0.137  klf

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 22

Live Load : kip

Water Load : In this example no internal water pressure is used

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 23

Distribution width Perpendicular to Span:

Length of tire contact area parallel to span Lt  Tire_Length

Eparallel  Lt  LLDF Hs (LRFD 4.6.2.10.2-2) Eparallel  3.122  ft

HL-93 Vehicle Properties

Eriksson Culvert Quality Control Document 24

if Eparallel  min s axle  

 paxle qq MPF qq ( 1  DLA)

paxle  qq MPFqq ( 1  DLA)

Maxaxle  max Axleload