DRR
Political Perspective- deals with how
Disasters and Hazards
Hazard- Is a threat or harm that has the potential to
cause damage
Disaster- Any event that causes widespread human,
economic, and , environmental losses or impact
Disaster Risk-
Types of Disaster
1. Natural Disaster- devastating outcomes that
results from natural hazards
2. Man-made Disaster- also called “ technological
disaster” are destructions from man-made
hazards such as bomb explosions, chemical
spills, and even war.
Effects of Hazards
1. . Primary Effect- direct situation arising from
the disaster itself.
2. Secondary Effect- situations resulting from the
primary effect.
3. Tertiary Effect- are those that are not
experienced as a disaster is taking place but can
be felt some time after the disaster has
occurred.
Affected Components
 People
 Buildings and Infrastructures
 Economy
 Environment
Perspective On Disaster
1. Physical Perspective- tangible materials, w/c
have been affected by disaster.
2. Psychological Perspective- refers to people’s
emotional, cognitive, or interpersonal reaction
to difficulties.
3. Sociological Perspective- response of the
people whether victims of not, to emergency
situations and to the kind of assistance they
receive.
4. Economic Perspective- economic activities
disruption in the community.
5.
government services are used to reduced the
loss or damage
6. Biological Perspective- takes into
consideration the potential for infectious or
communicable diseases
Concept of Vulnerability
-the diminished capacity of an individual or
group to anticipate
Factors to consider when assessing the level of
vulnerability
1. Proximity to a hazard.
2. Population
Population-number of individuals inhabiting a
particular space.
Population density- number of individuals living in
an area in relation to the size of the area.
3. Capacity and efficiency to reduce disaster risk.
4. Building codes and disaster policies.
Concept of Exposure
-the elements at risk from natural or man-made
hazard event.
Elements Exposed to hazards
1. Physical Elements
2. Socioeconomic Elements
3. Environmental Elements
HAZARD
A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human
activity or condition that may cause loss of life
Type of hazard
- Natural- Naturally-occurring physical
phenomena caused by either by rapid or slow
onset events
- Man-made Hazard- Hazard originating from
technological or industrial conditions
Types of Natural Hazard  LANDSLIDE- The massive outward and
downward movement of slope-forming
1. Geologic
materials
2. Hydrologic
3. Atmospheric GLOBAL WARMING- The process of warming the
4. Biologic earth caused by the so-called enhanced green-
house effect
CHARACTERISTICS OF HAZARD
KEY PARAMATERS TSUNAMI- Giant sea waves

 MAGNITUDE AND INTENSITY- Is a measure of EARTHQUAKE

an strength and is an indication of how
- A weak to violent shaking of the ground produced
destructive a hazard can be
by the sudden movement of rock materials below
 SPEED OF ONSET- It is how predictable a hazard the earth’s surface.
is and how much lead time is allowed by it
TYPES OF NATURAL EARTHQUAKES
 DURATION- how long the hazard affects an area
Tectonic

- earthquakes produced by sudden movement

CYCLONE along faults and plate boundaries

 An intense low pressure system which is Volcanic

characterized by strong spiral winds towards
- earthquakes produced by movement of magma
the center, called the “EYE”
beneath volcanoes
TYPHOON
FAULTS
 A large powerful and violent tropical cyclone
-breaks or zones of weakness in rocks along which
 Less powerful tropical cyclones are called
displacements
TROPICAL DEPRESSIONS AND TROPICAL
STORMS

TORNADO

 Violently rotating column of air extending from

a thunderstorm to the ground

THUNDERSTORM

 Weather condition that produces lightning and

thunder accompanied by heavy rain and often
by strong guts of wind

FLOOD

 It is the accumulation of land areas which are

not normally covered by water

STORM SURGE

 - Is a rise of seawater above normal sea level on

the coast