Assignment 1

Algebraic Equations & Geometrical Calculations

1.

Solve By Elimination

Working Example:

3x + 2y = 12

X + 3y = 11

First, make one of the common unknowns equal;

Example:

3x + 2y = 12  X3  9x + 6y = 36

X + 3y = 11  X2  2x + 6y = 22

So we make both the ‘y’ unknowns equal, by multiplying each equation by the
other formulas ‘y’ value, (or another value that we know makes them equal), in
this instance we used 2 and 3 to make each equation contain 6y.

Then we add or subtract one formula from the other to eliminate the ‘y’ values.

Example:

9x + 6y = 36

2x + 6y = 22

7x + 0y = 14

Now we can solve the equation to find the value for ‘x’ as normal. Divide both
sides of the equation so we have one ‘x’

Example:

7x = 14 (Divide both sides by 7 )

x=2

Now that we have a value for ‘x’ we can replace the value for ‘x’ into one of the
original equations to find ‘y’

Example:

3x + 2y = 12  3(2) + 2y = 12  6 + 2y = 12  2y = 6  y = 3

Therefore, x=2 and y=3

Solve by Substitution
Working Example:

3x + 2y = 12

x + 3y = 11

By this method, you adjust the formula so that it is relative to one of the
unknowns.

Example:

x + 3y = 11  x = 11 - 3y

We then substitute this equation for, in this case ‘x’, into the other equation.

Example:

3x + 2y = 12  3 (11-3y) + 2y = 12

Now we expand the formula so it is relative to ‘y’ only and we can solve the
equation as normal to get the value for ‘y’

Example:

3 (11-3y) + 2y = 12  33 – 9y + 2y = 12  33 – 7y = 12  -7y = -21  y = 3

With the value for ‘y’ we can substitute this into the first formula we used to find
the value for ‘x’.

Example:

x + 3y = 11  x + 3 (3) = 11  x + 9 = 11  x = 2

Therefore, x=2 and y=3

2.

5x – 7y = 6

x + 2y = -9

x =-9 - 2y

5 (-9 - 2y) - 7y = 6

- 45 - 10y - 7y = 6

- 17y = 51

y = -3

x + 2y = -9

x + 2 (-3) = -9

x - 6 = -9

x = -3

3.
If x = Gross Pay and y = daily forfeit,

The simultaneous equation to work out these values is;

x - 6y = 5000

x - 14y = 3000

x - 6y = 5000  x = 5000 + 6y

x - 14y = 3000  (5000 + 6y) - 14y = 3000  5000 - 8y = 3000  -8y = -2000
 y = 250

x - 6 (250) = 5000  x - 1500 = 5000  x = 6500

Gross pay (x) = 6500

Daily Forfeit (y) = 250

4. a

If you know the lengths of 2 sides of a right angle triangle, Pythagoras’ theorem
allows you to work out the third.

a2 + b2 = c 2

E.g. If a = 10, b = 12, c = ?

a2 + b2 = c 2  102 + 122 = c2  100 + 144 = c2  244 = c2  c =

15.6205...

Sine = Opposite/Hypotenuse. This is the relationship between the side

opposite the given angle and the hypotenuse.

e.g. Sin90 = 1

Cosine = Adjacent/Hypotenuse. This is the relationship between the side

adjacent to the given angle and the hypotenuse.

e.g. Cos60 = ½

Tan = Opposite/Hypotenuse. This is the relationship between the opposite

the given angle and the side adjacent to the given angle.
e.g. Tan45 = 1