Experiment No # 6

Study of Power plant

Introduction:
A power station, also referred to as a power plant and sometimes generating
station or generating plant, is an industrial facility for the generation of electric power. Power
stations are generally connected to an electrical grid.
Many power stations contain one or more generators, a rotating machine that
converts mechanical power into three-phase electric power. The relative motion between
a magnetic field and a conductor creates an electric current.
The energy source harnessed to turn the generator varies widely. Most power stations in the
world burn fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas to generate electricity. Cleaner energy
sources include nuclear power, biogas and an increasing use of renewables such
as solar, wind, wave and hydroelectric.

Objective:
1. To know about Power plant/ Generating station.
2. To know about basic component of PP.

Component of power plant:

1. Boiler (To correct water into steam).
2. Steam turbine (steam connected into electrical energy)
3. Steam engine (steam connected into mechanical work)
4. Steam condenser (heat/ thermal energy is again connected into water = Boiler

Boiler:
A boiler is a closed vessel in which fluid (generally water) is heated. The fluid does not
necessarily boil. The heated or vaporized fluid exits the boiler for use in various processes or
heating applications, including water heating, central heating, boiler-based power
generation, cooking, and sanitation.

Steam turbine:
A steam turbine is a device that extracts thermal energy from
pressurized steam and uses it to do mechanical work on a rotating output shaft. The steam
turbine is a form of heat engine that derives much of its improvement in thermodynamic
efficiency from the use of multiple stages in the expansion of the steam, which results in a closer
approach to the ideal reversible expansion process. Because the turbine generates rotary
motion.

Steam engine:
A steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as
its working fluid. The steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston
back and forth inside a cylinder. This pushing force is transformed, by a connecting rod
and flywheel, into rotational force for work. The term "steam engine" is generally applied only
to reciprocating engines as just described, not to the steam turbine.

Steam condenser:
Steam Condenser is a mechanical device which converts the low pressure
exhaust steam from the turbine into water. Or in other words it is a device which is used to
condense exhaust steam of the turbine into water. It does so with the help of cooling water
circulated into it from the cooling tower.