INTRODUCTION TO CRIMINOLOGY

Witness --- man of the hour in court .

Victim ---- the forgotten one.

Offender -- the principal character to the CJS

Suspect --- One who implicated to the commission of a crime (subject of investigation)

Respondent --- person who is a subject of Preliminary investigation or inquest

proceeding.

Accused --- person who charged of an offense in court and facing trial.

Appellant --- one who filed an appeal .

Criminal --- who is found guilty by final judgment

Police --- initiator or prime mover of the CJS

Pardonee --- one who is given pardon.

Parolee --- one who is granted with parole.

Probationer --- one whose application for probation was granted.

Petitioner --- one who files an application for Probation,parole and pardon

Criminologia ---- (Italian word) Raffaelle Garofalo 1885

Criminologie ---- (French word) Paul Topinard 1887

RA 6506 --- Act creating the Board of Examiners for Criminologists in the Phil. And other
purpose.(approved/effective=July 1,1972)

Criminal Ecology --- study of criminality in relation to the spatial distribution in a

community.

Criminal Epidiomology ---- study of the relationship between environment and

criminality.
Criminal psychiatry --- study of human mind in relation to criminality.

Criminal psychology ---- study of human behavior in relation to criminality.

Criminal demography --- criminality and population.

Criminal physical anthropology ---- study of criminality in relation to Physical

constitution of men.

Victimology ---- study of role of victim in the commission of the crime.

Criminal Etiology --- study of the cause or the origin of crime.

Penology ---- control and prevention of crime and the treatment of youthful offender.

Sociology ---- study of human society, its origin ,structure,functions and directions.

Criminological research ---- study if crime correlated to with antecedent variables

,state of the crime trend.

Delinquency ---- act not inconformity with the norms of society .

August Comte --- Father of sociology

Emile Durkheim --- father / modern sociology .

MALA PROHIBITUM crime ---- acts that are outlawed because they clash with current
norms and public opinion ,such as tax ,traffic and drugs law.

MALA IN SE crime --- acts that outlawed because they violate basic moral values such
as rape, murder ,assault and robbery .

Mass murder --- killing a large number of person at one time.

Hypoglycemia --- which the glucose in the blood falls below levels/efficient brain
functioning .

Hyperglycemia --- high blood sugar

Marital rape ---- forcible sex between legally married partners.
Statutory rape ---- sexual relation between an minor female and an adult male.
(11yrsold below)

Jeremy Bentham --- pain and pleasure

Cesare Becarria --- Free will theory

Edwin Sutherland ---- who introduced the ff definition of criminology. "Dean of

criminology "

Gabriel Tarde ---- introduced the "Theory of imitation - suggestion "

Enrico Ferri ---- "Theory of imputable and denial of Free Will.

Ada juke --- Mother of criminals.

Henry Goddard ---- He was the first person to use the term "MORON"

Robert Merton ---- applied the theory of anomie of Durkheim to criminology

August Aichorn --- "Latent delinquency "

Ego --- "reality principle "

Id ---- "pleasure principle "

Super Ego ---- resulted from incorporating within the personality the moral standards
and values of parents, community /others /tell what is right from wrong.

Oedipus complex ---- Electra complex in man.

Electra complex ---- girls begin to have sexual feeling for their father's .

Erik Erikson ---- "identity crisis"

Monogamy --- one marriage (1 man and 1woman )

Polygamy --- marriage of one man with two or more wife.

Polyandry --- marriage of one woman with two or more husband.

18-70 --- full responsibility

18 --- age of majority or legal age

PERSONALITY OF THE DAY:)

Did You Know???

...that JOHN AUGUSTUS is a shoemaker from Boston, Massachusetts and known as

the "FATHER OF PROBATION in the USA" and is recognized as the first true probation
officer. In 1841, he attended police court to bail out a "common drunkard", the first
probationer. The offender was ordered to appear in court three weeks later sentencing.
He returned to court court a sober man, accompanied by Augustus. To the
astonishment of all in attendance, his appearance and demeanor had drastically
changed. Augustus thus began an 18 year career as a volunteer probation officer. Not
all the offenders helped Augustus were alcohol abuser, nor were all prospective
probationers taken under his wing. Close attention was paid to evaluating whether or
not a candidate would likely prove to be successful subject of probation. The offender's
character; age; and the people, places, and things apt to influence him/her were all
considered

#nowiknow

REPUBLIC ACTS
R.A 53 - Press Freedom Law known as Sotto law
R.A 265 - Establishing The banko central of the Phil
R.A 1124 - Act prohibiting all beerhouse near school facilities
R.A 1524 - Act providing for enforcement of condition of pardon
R.A 3019 - Anti Graft and corrupt practice
R.A 3815 – Revised Penal Code
R.A 4136 Land transportation and traffic code
R.A 4200 Anti wire taping law
R.A 5487 Private Security Agency law
R.A 5921 The Pharmacy Law
R.A 6235 Anti Hijacking Law/Anti highway robbery law
R.A 6425 Dangerous drug act of 1972
R.A 6539 Anti carnapping Act of 1972
R.A 6713 Code of conduct and ethical standards for public official and employee
R.A 6975 The DILG act of 1990
R.A 6981 Witness protection .Security and Benefit act
R.A 7080 Anti plunder Act
R.A 7160 Local government code
R.A 7394 Consumer Act or Right of Consumer<br>
R.A 7438 An act defining Certain right of person arrested detained or otherwise under
custodial<br>
R.A 7610 Special protection of children against child abused exploitation and
discrimination act<br>
R.A 7658 An act prohibiting the employment of children below 15 years of age in public
or private Undertakings<br>
R.A 7659 Death penalty law<br>
R.A 7877 Anti sexual Harassment act of 1995
R.A 8042 Migrant workers and overseas Filipino act of 1995
R.A 8043 Inter country adoption act of 1995
R.A 8049 Anti Hazing law
R.A 8177 Act designing death penalty by lethal injection
R.A 8203 Special law on counterfeit drugs
R.A 8239 Philippine passport act of 1995
R.A 8293 Intellectual property code of the Philippines
R.A 8353 Anti Rape law 1997
R.A 8493 Speedy trial on a criminal case
R.A 8505 Rape victim assistance and protection act
R.A 8551 PNP reform and reorganization act of 1996 (PNP modernization act)
R.A 8552 Domestic adoption act of 1996
R.A 8749 Clean air act
R.A 8961 PRC modernization act of 2000
R.A 9003 The ecological solid waste management act of 2000
R.A 9105 An forgery act of 2001
R.A 9147 Wildlife resources conservation act
R.A 9165 Comprehensive Drug act of 2002
R.A 9160 Anti Money laundering act of 2001
R.A 9208 Anti trafficking in person act
R.A 9231 Child Laboring act (Amending the provision of R.A 7610 on child labor)
R.A 9262 Anti Violence Against Women and their children act of 2004
R.A 9221 Tobacco Regulation Act
R.A 9263 Bureau of fire and Bureau of jail management and penology
professionalization act of 2004
R.A 9372 Human Security act of 2007 took effect July 15 2007
R.A 9275 Clean water act
R.A 9344 Juvenile justice welfare act ( May 4 2006 )
R.A 9346 June 24 2006 An act prohibiting the imposition of death penalty in the Phil
R.A 9360 Amending the election modernization act
R.A 9406 known as the PAO law 2007
R.A 9514 Comprehensive Firecode of the Phil
R.A 9745 Anti torture law of 2009
R.A 9775 Anti child pornography act of 2009
R.A 9953 Phil coastguard law of 2009
R.A 9995 known as the ANTI PHOTO AND VIDEO VOYEURISM ACT OF 2007 FEB
2010
R.A 10071 Prosecution service act 2010
R.A 10070 Magnacarta for disable person
R.A 10121 Phil disaster risk reduction management act of 2010
R.A 10175 Cyber crime prevention act of 2012
R.A 10591 The comprehensive firearms and ammunition regulation act (Approve May
29 2013)

TERMINOLOGIES OF THE DAY:)

1. Active Euthanasia- a type of euthanasia that includes the intentional or deliberate
application of the means to shorten the life of a person. It may be done with or without
the consent or knowledge of the person.

2. Apparent Death or State of Suspended Animation- it is not really death but merely
a transient loss of consciousness or temporary cessation of the vital functions of the
body on account of disease, external stimulus, it may arise especially in hysteria,
uremia, catalepsy, and electric shock.

3. Ecchymosis- a form of hematoma only that the extent of extravasation of blood is

wider but thinner.

#nowiknow

TERMINOLOGIES OF THE DAY:)

1. BUGGING- using a concealed electronic device to record conversations within a

room without the consent of those people involved.

2. CERTIFICATE OF DESTRUCTION- is a certification by a witnessing officer that the

classified matters describe therein has been disposed of in his presence, approved
destruction methods.

3. KABIT SYSTEM- unauthorized and illegal practice of agency operators which

operate promote, or enter into a an agreement of "merger" with any person or a group
of person for the purpose of organizing a branch unit or subsidiary under separate
control and ownership.

TERMINOLOGIES OF THE DAY:)

1. PERSONNEL SECURITY INVESTIGATION- it is a process of inquiry into the

character, reputation, discretion, integrity, morals and loyalty of an individual to
determine the suitability to be given security clearance, for appointment or access to
classified matters.

2. PERIMETER BARRIER- a medium or structure, which defines the physical limits of

an installation or area to restrict or impede access thereto. It refers to any physical
barrier used to supplement the protection of an inside or outside perimeter.
3. PHYSICAL SECURITY- broadest branch of security which is concerned with the
physical measures adopted to prevent unauthorized access to equipment, facilities,
materials, and document, and to safeguard them against espionage, sabotage,
damage, and theft.

TERMINOLOGIES OF THE DAY :)

1. Police Handbooks- these handbooks are distributed to all personnel and contain
among thing, information about the benefits and services that the organization grants to
its officers, the organizations history, its organizational structure, its officers, and other
information useful to the officers in understanding their relationship with the
organization.

2. Police Manual- a policy manual covering all police personnel policies and
procedures, if made available to managers and supervisors, will be a great help in their
decision-making and employees relationship.

3. Policy- refers to a general plan of action that serves as a guide in the operation of
the organization. It makes up the basic framework of management decisions that set the
course what the organization should follow. It defines the authority and responsibility of
supervisors in their job of directing group efforts and implementing personnel programs.

#nowiknow

TERMINOLOGIES OF THE DAY:)

1. DEFENSE OF PROPERTY- a kind of defense that must be coupled with an attack on

the person of the owner, or on one entrusted with the care of such property.

2. DEFENSE OF RELATIVES- a justifying circumstances when any person acts in

defense of the person or rights of his spouse, ascendants, descendants, or his relatives
by affinity in the same degrees, provided that the following requisites are present; (a)
unlawful aggression, (b) reasonable necessity of the means employed to prevent or
repel it, and (c) in case the provocation was given by the person attacked, that the one
making defense had no part therein.

3. DEFENSE OF STRANGERS- a justifying circumstance when any person acts in

defense of the person or rights of a stranger, provided that the following requisites are
present; (a) unlawful aggression, (b) reasonable necessity of the means employed to
prevent or repel it, and (c) that the person defending be not induced by revenge,
resentment, or other evil motive.

TERMINOLOGIES OF THE DAY:)

1. Treatment- a medical service rendered to a client for the effective management of his
total condition related to drug abuse. It deals with the physiological and psychological
complications arising from drug abuse.

2. Withdrawal Syndrome- the group of reactions or behavior that follows abrupt

cessation of the use of a drug upon which the body has become dependent. It may
include anxiety, insomia, perspiration, hot flashes, nausea, dehydration, tremor,
weakness, dizziness, convulsions, and psychotic behavior.

3. Copyright- the system of legal protection an author enjoys in the form of expression
of ideas. The holder of the copyright enjoys the right that is automatically conferred to
him from the moment of creation to reproduce, distribute, display, perform, and to
prepare derivative works based on the copyrighted work.

#nowiknow

PHOBIA - A persistent, abnormal, or irrational fear of a specific thing or situation that

compels one to avoid the feared stimulus. A strong fear, dislike, or aversion.

LIST OF COMMON PHOBIAS

1. ARACHNOPHOBIA-the fear of spiders.

2. OPHIDIOPHOBIA-the fear of snakes.
3. ACROPHOBIA-the fear of height.
4. AGORAPHOBIA-the fear of open or crowded spaces
5. CYNOPHOBIA-the fear of dogs.
6. ASTRAPHOBIA-the fear of thunder and/or lightning AKA brontophobia, to nitrophobia
and ceraunophobia.
7. CLAUSTROPHOBIA-the fear of small spaces.
8. MYSOPHOBIA-the fear of germs. also rightly termed as germophobia and
bacterophobia.
9. AEROPHOBIA-the fear of flying.
10. TRYPOPHOBIA-the fear of holes.
11. CARCINOPHOBIA-the fear of cancer.
12. THANATOPHOBIA-the fear of death.
13. GLOSSOPHOBIA-the fear of public speaking. (This is what my personality is)
14. MONOPHOBIA-the fear of being alone.
15. ATYCHIPHOBIA-the fear of failure.
16. ORNITHOPHOBIA-the fear of birds.
17. ALEKTOROPHOBIA-the fear of chickens.
18. ENOCHLOPHOBIA-the fear of crowds
19. APHENPHOSMPHOBIA-the fear of intimacy.
20. TRYPANOPHOBIA-the fear of needles.
21. ANTHROPOPHOBIA-the fear of people.
22. AQUAPHOBIA-the fear of water.
23. AUTOPHOBIA-the fear of abandonment.
24. HEMOPHOBIA-the fear of blood.
25. XENOPHOBIA-the fear of the unknown.
26. VEHOPHOBIA-the fear of driving.
27. BASIPHOBIA-the fear of falling.
28. ACHIEVEMEPHOBIA-the fear of success.
29. THEOPHOBIA-the fear of god.
30. AILUROPHOBIA-the fear of cats.
31. METATHESIOPHOBIA-the fear of change.
32. GLOBOPHOBIA-the fear of balloons.
33. NYCTOPHOBIA-the fear of darkness
35. ANDROPHOBIA-the fear of men.
36. PHOBOPHOBIA.-the fear of fear.
37. PHILOPHOBIA-the fear of love.
38. EMETOPHOBIA-the fear of vomiting.
39. GEPHYROPHOBIA-the fear of bridges
40. ENTOMOPHOBIA-the fear of bugs and insects.
41. LEPIDOPTEROPHOBIA-the fear of butterflies.
42. PANOPHOBIA-the fear of everything.
43. PODOPHOBIA-the fear of feet.
44. SOMNIPHOBIA-the fear of sleep.
45. GYNOPHOBIA-the fear of women.
46. APIPHOBIA-the fear of bees.
49. KOUMPOUNOPHOBIA-the fear of buttons.
50. THANTOPHOBIA-afraid of losing someone you loved.

JULY 1, a VERY MUCH SIGNIFICANT DAY to remember by CRIMINOLOGISTS: JULY

1, 1972 or 46 yrs ago, R. A. 6506 was enacted and approved by the Philippine
Congress and CRIMINOLOGY is a PROFESSION and open to practice in the country.
This was FIRST conceptualized by discussions from the academic campus community
of CRIMINOLOGY EDUCATORS AND STUDENTS in the PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF
CRIMINOLGY as CRADLE of CRIMINOLOGY EDUCATION in country and even in
ASIA. The crafting of this law was sponsored in the HOUSE OF REPSENTATIVES BY
FORMER CRIMINOLOGY PCCR DEAN AND BULACAN CONGRESSMAN, THE LATE
HON. TEODULO NATIVIDAD. UNFORTUNATELY, THIS LAW WAS NOT
IMMEDIATELY IMPLEMENTED DUE TO MARTIAL GOVERNMENT, AND only
IMPLEMENTED DURING CORY AQUINO ADM IN 1988. It's nice to remember and
respect the past, have a nice day and GOD BLESS.

Terminologies of the Day:)

1. Actus Me Invito Factus Non Est Meus Actus- "An act done by me against my will is
not my act" Usually, this is applicable to exempting circumstances particularly paragraph
5 and 6 of Art. 12 of the RPC. The offender is under the compulsion of an irresistible
force and uncontrollable fear.

2. Actus on Facit Reum, Nisi Mens Sit Rea- "The act cannot be criminal where the
mind is not criminal." This is only true to a felony committed intentionally or
characterized as dolo, but not those felonies resulting from negligence (culpa).

3. Actus Rea- It is a wrongful act.