CYMDIST 4.

7
Tutorial
2-2. Equipment Modeling
This tutorial provides a guideline on how to create
equipments with the CYMDIST tools.

Modeling equipments is the first step in modeling a system. This tutorial provides examples on how to input the
data for a variety of equipment. The equipment database can be found in the Equipment menu of CYMDIST.

n General

1. Every equipment dialog box has a common layout. On its left-hand

side is the list of Equipment IDs already that exist in the database.
Click on any one of them to see its parameters displayed on the
right-hand side of the dialog box.
2. Type a string of the ID in the Filter field so the program finds the
closest match of the Equipment ID you are looking for.
3. To create a new Equipment ID, click on New and the Equipment ID
dialog box will appear in which you can enter the ID of the new
equipment.
4. You can also use the Remove and Rename buttons to
remove/rename existing equipments. First select in the list the
equipment to be removed or renamed before clicking on the
appropriate button.

o Create a Source
1. Go to Equipment > Source.
The dialog box opens where
you can create new sources
and enter its appropriate data
values. These data include the
capacity used to flag overload,
the nominal and desired
voltage, the source’s
configuration and the source
equivalent impedance.
2. If the source equivalent
impedance is not available, you
can use one of the two
calculation methods by clicking
on the Calculate button.

© CYME International T&D, August 2007

CYMDIST 4.7 Tutorial – Equipment Modeling Page 2

Calculation Method no. 1

The first calculation method implies that you know the
short-circuit power. Click on the Calculate button next
to the option Short-circuit MVA known. You enter
the data in the dialog box that is displayed.

Calculation Method no. 2

The second calculation method calculates the
equivalent impedance from the sum of the impedance
of the substation transformer(s) and the transmission
network.
• Click on the Calculate button next to the Source
Details known option and enter the primary
impedance or the short-circuit power.

• Click on the Transfo connection button to

enter the substation branches’ information
(such as primary/secondary protective device
and the transformer).
With the data entered, CYMDIST calculates
the equivalent impedance.

p Create a Transformer

1. Go to Equipment >
Transformer in the menu. You
have here two options: the
Two-winding Transformer
and the Three-winding
Transformer.
2. Fill in the ratings of the
transformer, its impedances,
type and connection. Should
there be any grounding
impedance, they should be
entered accordingly too.
3. If the transformer has a LTC,
select the LTC tab, check the
Load Tap Changer option and
enter the data.

© CYME International T&D, August 2007

CYMDIST 4.7 Tutorial – Equipment Modeling Page 3

q Create a Machine (Motor, Generator)

1. To create a generator, go to Equipment > Generator. There are three types of generators
available: Synchronous, Induction, and Electronically Coupled.
To create motors, go to Equipment > Motor. There are two types of motors: Induction and
Synchronous.
2. Fill in the ratings of the unit, its impedances and connection.
3. If the impedance of the generating unit is not known, you can get an estimation by using the
Estimation Function via the Estimate button. Select the most appropriate fields and CYMDIST will
estimate the impedance of the machine with the use of typical impedance curves.

r Create a Protective Device

CYMDIST has several protective

devices from the Equipment menu:
Fuse, LVCB, Recloser, Relay,
Sectionalizer, Switch and Breaker.
The dialog box is similar for all
above protective devices where you
can enter:
1. The device’s ratings
2. The reliability parameters
(should you wish to have
precise information for the
reliability assessment)
3. the operating mode, and
4. the exact device type from
CYMTCC.

s Create Other Equipment

By accessing the Equipment menu, you can create other equipments such as Shunt/Series Capacitors,
Shunt/Series Reactors, and Harmonic devices.

© CYME International T&D, August 2007

CYMDIST 4.7 Tutorial – Equipment Modeling Page 4

t Create a Line

It is suggested to have an inventory of conductors and spacing conductors prior to the building of
overhead lines and cables. This will facilitate their creation as you will be asked to select from the
conductor inventory in the overhead line and cable dialog boxes. The steps to successfully create a
line/cable are outlined below.

1. Create conductors
The first step towards creating a line or a cable is to have conductors.

(a) Go to Equipment >

Conductor to access the
conductor database.
(b) Fill in the conductor data in
the General tab. Once
completed, click OK. The
Reliability Parameters
block can be ignored
should reliability
assessment not be an
analysis to perform. If it is,
consult the Reliability
Analysis tutorial (Part 12)
or the Reference manual.

(c) For the exercise, click on New and create a new

conductor. Call it: A_NEW_CONDUCTOR.

(d) Enter the data as shown to the right.

(e) Click OK to save and exit.
2. Create a spacing table
(a) Go to Equipment > Spacing Table OH-Line.
(b) If you have information on the GMD and the average
height, enter them directly.
However, if such information is not available, you can
make use of the GMD calculation function. A reference
point is selected by the user; and, based on this
reference point, the position of the conductors and the
neutral is to be determined and entered in CYMDIST
for the GMD and average height calculation.
In our example, the GMD and average height values
are not known. We designate the point where the pole
touches the ground as the reference point, and define
the distance of the conductors according to such
reference.

© CYME International T&D, August 2007

CYMDIST 4.7 Tutorial – Equipment Modeling Page 5

(c) Click New and create a

new spacing called
A_NEW_SPACING. Enter
the positions of the
conductor as shown here
below and click on GMD
Calculation to get the
GMD and average height
values.
(d) Click OK to exit.

3. Create a line
(a) Go to Equipment > Overhead Line.
(b) The balanced type uses the same conductor for all
phases, whereas the unbalanced type uses
different conductors for each of the three phases.

(c) The phase and neutral

conductor drop-down
menu lists all conductors
created in the conductor
database, and likewise the
spacing drop-down menu
lists all spacing created in
the database. Click on
New and create a new line
called A_NEW_OH.
(d) Choose the conductor
created earlier,
A_NEW_CONDUCTOR,
for phase and neutral.
(e) Select A_NEW_SPACING
for the spacing.

(f) Once all is selected, click on Calculate to have the equivalent impedance of the line.
(g) Click OK to exit.

© CYME International T&D, August 2007

CYMDIST 4.7 Tutorial – Equipment Modeling Page 6

u Create a Cable

1. Go to Equipment > Cable to access the cable database.

2. You can enter the parameters in the General tab of the cable if known.
If the latter are not known, click on the Calculate button to have CYMDIST calculate the equivalent
impedances by selecting the cable type and entering the cable information such as conductor
(Please refer to section 7.1) in the Cable Impedance Calculator dialog box.
3. As an example, create a new cable by clicking on the New
button and called it A_NEW_CABLE. Click OK.
4. The information to fill in the General tab fields are unknown,
hence click on Calculate.

5. Enter the cable information as

follows:
• multi-wire concentric neutral,
• 3-phase circuit with Dab = 2,
Dbc = 2 and Dac = 4,
• PVC insulation with 1in of
diameter over insulation,
• The conductor type for
phase and neutral is the one
created in 7.1, which is
A_NEW_CONDUCTOR,
• The number of concentric
wires is 3.
6. When completed, click on
Calculate to have the
impedances calculated and
click OK to exit.

© CYME International T&D, August 2007