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-B. Prasad
Chartered Engineer
amieclub@gmail.com
Cable cut view
TYPE OF CABLE BASED ON CONSTRUCTION
Coaxial cable
Mineral-insulated copper-clad cable
Twinax cable
Flexible cables
Non-metallic sheathed cable (or nonmetallic building wire, NM, NM-
B)[1]
Metallic sheathed cable (or armored cable, AC, or BX)[1]
Multicore cable (consist of more than one wire and is covered by
cable jacket)
Shielded cable
Single cable (from time to time this name is used for wire)
Twisted pair
Twisting cable
Cable for electrical
PVC cable upto 3.3KV
XLPE cable upto 33KV
LT and HT ABC cable
Instrumentation cable
Concentric core cable
Flexible cable & wire
FR/FRLS/LSOH cable
Fire survival cable
Under water cable
Elastomer
Trailing cable
Locomotive cables
Ship wiring cable
Wind mill cable/solar cable
Welding cable
Mining cable
LFH cable and wire
Fire survival cable
EPR, Silicon, EVA cables
Telecom
PIJF cable
5-2400 pair
Indoor telephone cable
QUAD/PCM cable
Optical fibre cable
Armoured/duct/aerial
Torpedo cable
TOW cable
Composite cable
Fiber-Optic Cable
Advantages:
It operate at high speeds
strengthened.
It is immune to interference caused by electromagnetic
Disadvantages:
The cable is more expensive than copper cables.
It is difficult to install.
Construction of cable
Construction of XLPE
Construction of EHV XLPE single core
XLPE has replaced conventional cable
Insulating material
PVC (Polyvinyl Thermoplastic
Chloride) Rubber (TPR)
PE (Polyethylene) Neoprene
XLPE (Cross-Linked (Polychloroprene)
Polyethylene) Styrene Butadiene
EPR (Ethylene Rubber (SBR)
Propylene Rubber) Silicone
LSF (Low smoke and Rubber
fume) Chlorosulfonated
Polytetrafluoroethylene Polyethylene (CSPE)
(PTFE)
Junction bus
1. Electrical Junction Boxes
2. Wiring Junction Boxes
3. Electric Junction Boxes
4. Plastic Junction Boxes
5. Cable Junction Boxes
6. Plastic Electrical Junction
Boxes
7. Weather proof junction boxes
8. Flameproof junction boxes
Cable lug
Material:
copper
&
aluminium
Conductivity
:
Copper
99.7%
iacs
Aluminium
61.2%
Cable lug ---contd
Cable manufacturers
Name of manufacturer Brand
1. N.C cable industries National
2. Evershine Electric Works ECKO
3. Electric Cable Industries ECI
4. Paragon Cable Company paragon
5. Surya Power Limited ALCAB
6. National insulated cable co. NICCO
7. Indian cable company INCAB
8. Aluminium industries limited ALIND
9. R.K Electrical KALINGA
10. Polycab Industries POLYCAB
11. Plaza Cable PLAZA
12. Empire Cable Industries EMPIRE
13. Hovels cable HAVELL
14. Cable corporation of India CCI
15. Kei Industries Limited KEI
Historical progress of cable technology
Historical voltage development in country
Indian and international
standard
Reduction in insulation thickness
Metallic sheath
Lead sheath construction
Electrical Resistivity
Material Resistivity (µΩ-
cm@20 deg.C)
Copper 1.724
Aluminium
2.826
Steel 13.8
Lead 21.4
Density of material
Importance of cable installation
A poor installation creates unreliable service
other agency my damage the cable.
Telephone cable, communication cable,
water line, gas pipe line may get affected
Location of cabling
Laying direct in ground Cable trays and
On surface of wall
In pipes,
Closed or Open ducts,
Step of cable installation
Route survey
Permission
Trial pits
Pipe laying
Material shifting, drum placement
Trenching cable laying
Bedding and tiling
Backfilling
Cable installation record
tagging
Route survey
Type of surface like footpath, PCC, RCC, soil
type
Hazardous like tree roots, pillars, sever line,
drain, bus stop, water pipe, gas pipe
Cable root passing from private property
Cable root away from parallel running gas,
water pipe, communication cable etc
Road crossing, over bridge, drain crossing
Trial pit
Along the
proposed cable
root.
Trial pit at the
interval of 15-20
meter
Permission
Before starting the excavation permission to be
taken
Railways
Forrest department
sealed
Bedding
Before and after cable laying and jointing work
is over a bedding of sieved earth or river bed
sand of 100 mm depth both below and above
the cable.
Keep distance between two cable in single
trench.
Avoid zig-zag
Cable under bed/on support
CABLE LAYING IN TRAY
Cable laying on rack
Tagging on cable
Use barricading tape
Cable handling
Cable handling tools
Jack
Roller
Drum trailer
Crimping
tool
Cable installation record
Type of cable and its size
Voltage level
Date
HV test if any
Testing of cable installation
Insulation resistance test
High voltage test
Continuity test
Value
IR value : minimum 1M-ohm/KV
for 5 minutes
Cable testing
Type test
Routine test
Pre-commissioning test
ISC = kA /√t
K= Constant
Al -- 0.094 (XLPE)
Cu -- 0.14382 (XLPE)
T- Time in seconds
Earthing
Metal screen
(if any) and
armour of
cable to be
earthed.
All metal
pipes in which
cables have
been installed
need to be
earthed.
Corrosion Types Encountered With Power Cables
Polypropylene
Tefzel
DIN rail and terminal block
De-rating factor
Thermal insulation factors Depth of laying
Ambient temperature Thermal resistivity
Group factor
Copper
Technical specification
Rating Current:3200Amp.
System:415Vac, TPN,
50Hz.
Fault Level:50KA. For 1
Sec.
Operation Temp:40° C
Construction:
Galvanized steel,
helically wound, Flexible
Conduit System.
Temp: -50 C to +200 C
Features: Highly
Flexible and mechanical
strength
IP: IP4
ACT FAST AND INITIATE
FIRST
बड़ा सोचो
तेजी से सोचो व
सबसे पहले सोचो
िवचारो पर िकसी का
एकािधकार नही होता.
----धीरभाई अमबानी
THANK
YOU