Circuit Breaker Selection

– Impact on disconnecting Times &

Short Circuit Fault Rating

Presenter:
Sergio CARRARA
© ABB Ireland 2007
 Agenda

1. SELECTIVITY
2. ZONE SELECTIVITY
3. PR223EF
4. MAIN INSTALLATIONS
© ABB 2007
 Agenda

∗ SELECTIVITY
2. ZONE SELECTIVITY
3. PR223EF
4. MAIN INSTALLATIONS
© ABB 2007
 Selectivity
What selectivity means :

When an OVERLOAD or a
SHORT-CIRCUIT occurs.
SELECTIVITY
Only the downstream CB opens,
© ABB 2007
 Selectivity
What Selectivity means :

When an OVERLOAD or a
SHORT-CIRCUIT occur.

SELECTIVITY
Only the downstream CB opens,
the other loads can be supplied
© ABB 2007
 Selectivity
What Selectivity means :

When an OVERLOAD or a
SHORT-CIRCUIT occur.

NO SELECTIVITY
Also the main CB opens,
© ABB 2007
 Selectivity
What Selectivity means :

When an OVERLOAD or a
SHORT-CIRCUIT occur.

NO SELECTIVITY
Also the main CB opens,
ALL THE LOADS GO OUT OF
SERVICE
© ABB 2007
 Selectivity
Lack of coordination- The main problems
Difficult to understand what is happened and where
Difficult to detect the zone affected by the problem
Difficult to solve the problem
No service’s continuity
Production stopped/ damaged
Machines can be damaged
It can be dangerous for people

Lack of coordination Small problem can become BIG PROBLEM

© ABB 2007
 Selectivity techniques
Traditional solutions
Current selectivity
Time selectivity
Energy selectivity

Advanced solutions
Zone selectivity ZSI
Zone selectivity EFDP
© ABB 2007
 Selectivity techniques
Current selectivity
Breaker combinations without
energy selectivity values in the
coordination tables
Breaker without high Icw
Current selectivity
1E4s

1E3s

A Is
100s

10s
I> A
1s
B
0.1s

1E -2s
Cable

0.1kA 1kA 10kA

I> B
© ABB 2007
 Selectivity techniques
Time selectivity
Breakers with high Icw
Breakers with electronic trip unit
Time Selectivity I>
A
1E4s

1E3s
A I>
B
Is
100s

10s B

1s

0.1s

1E -2s

0.1kA 1kA 10kA 100kA

© ABB 2007
 Selectivity techniques
Energy based selectivity
Breakers with limiting characteristics
Breaker combinations with energy selectivity
values in the coordination tables (415V)
Energy selectivity
1E4s

1E3s

A Is
100s

10s
B
1s

0.1s

1E -2s

0.1kA 1kA 10kA

© ABB 2007
 Selectivity techniques
Time selectivity

Current and Energy selectivity

© ABB 2007
 Selectivity techniques
Problems and Limits of traditional selectivity techniques
Current selectivity
LOW Selectivity Value near 10 times In ( from 1 to 8 kA)
Need to have high Impedance between the two breakers
Time selectivity
Needed high value of Icw
High time to extinguish the fault
Difficult to coordinate LV with MV protections
Difficult to protect Low voltage Generators
Energy selectivity
Increase the size of the upstream breaker
Only by coordination tables
© ABB 2007
 Selectivity techniques
Time selectivity Zone Selectivity

Current and Energy selectivity EFDP Zone Selectivity

© ABB 2007
 Agenda

1. SELECTIVITY
∗ ZONE SELECTIVITY
3. PR223EF
4. MAIN INSTALLATIONS
© ABB 2007
 Zone Selectivity
How works Zone selectivity

C sees the current but doesn’t receive the Signal => OPEN
© ABB 2007
 Zone Selectivity
How works Zone selectivity

B see the current but doesn’t receive the Signal => OPEN
© ABB 2007
 Zone Selectivity
How works Zone selectivity

A see the current but doesn’t receive the Signal => OPEN
© ABB 2007
 Selectivity techniques
Zone Selectivity ZSI

Zone Selectivity EFDP

© ABB 2007
 Zone selectivity ZSI
Type of devices
Breakers with high Icw values
Breakers with high performance trip
units Time Selectivity I>
A
1E4s

1E3s
A I>
B
Is
100s

10s B

1s

0.1s

1E -2s

0.1kA 1kA 10kA 100kA

© ABB 2007
 Zone selectivity ZSI
Type of devices
Breakers with high Icw values
Breakers with high performance trip
units Zone selectivity ZSI A I>

1E4s

1E3s
A I>
B
Is
100s

10s B

1s

0.1s

1E -2s

0.1kA 1kA 10kA 100kA

© ABB 2007

Interlock S and G function (or for D function)

 Zone selectivity ZSI
Main advantages
Allows good coordination with MV protections
Allows to protect Generators MORE

reducing the stress on components

reducing the voltage dips duration
© ABB 2007
 Selectivity techniques
Zone Selectivity ZSI

Zone Selectivity EFDP

© ABB 2007
 Zone selectivity EFDP
Type of devices
Breakers with limiting characteristics

Interlock S, G and EF function

EF function protects the plant and the CB itself for high currents
© ABB 2007
 Zone selectivity EFDP
Type of devices
Breakers without Energy selectivity value
Current selectivity
100s

10s

Is = Magnetic
Is
1s threshold

0.1s

1E-2s

0.1kA 1kA 10kA 100kA

© ABB 2007
 Zone selectivity EFDP
Type of devices
Breakers with Energy selectivity value

100s
Energy selectivity

10s

Is = According
Is
1s Tables

0.1s

1E-2s

0.1kA 1kA 10kA 100kA

© ABB 2007
 Zone selectivity EFDP
Type of devices
Tmax Breakers with PR223EF

EFDP
100s

10s
Reducing
tripping time
Is = Breaking
Is
1s capacity
Increasing
selectivity value
0.1s

1E-2s

0.1kA 1kA 10kA 100kA

© ABB 2007
 Zone selectivity EFDP
Main advantages

Total selectivity between breakers with same size

MORE

Reducing size of upstream breakers preserving selectivity

at 415V
MORE

Total selectivity for voltage level up to 1000V

Breakers choice only according rated current and

breaking capacity
© ABB 2007
 TOTAL SELECTIVITY

E1N 800 PR122/P In800

Icw= 50kA
Icu=50kA

T5N 630
Ik=50kA

Ik=35kA

T5S 630 T4S 320 T2S 160

T4N 320 T2N 160
T7S 630
© ABB 2007

ABB Traditional Solution

 TOTAL SELECTIVITY ON OM VIHAR LINE 3B

E1N
T6 L800
800PR122/P
PR223EFIn800
Icw=
Icu=50kA
50kA
Icu=50kA

T5L 630
Ik=50kA PR223EF

Ik=35kA

T5L 630 T4L 320 T2S 160

T4L 320 T2N 160
PR223EF PR223EF T5L 630
PR223EF
PR223EF
© ABB 2007

ABB NEW EFDP SOLUTION

 Agenda

1. SELECTIVITY
2. ZONE SELECTIVITY

∗ PR223EF
4. MAIN INSTALLATIONS
© ABB 2007
 PR223EF

An advanced solution for demanding requirements

Main features:
LSIG protections
EF protection (24 V Vaux needed)
Interlocking signal -Up to1km - monitored
Dialogue functions via Modbus protocol
Voltage metering (by means of VM210)
Parameters setting via PR010/T unit or
supervision system
© ABB 2007
 PR223EF

A simple front panel

no setting dip-switches
one pushbutton to select remote or local setting
alarm and state signalling via 8 leds
test connectors for PR010/T and TT1 units
© ABB 2007
 PR223EF

PR223EF: the new electronic release for MCCBs

MAIN FEATURES
FRAME SIZE [A] 250, 320, 400, 630, 800

POWER SUPPLY 24 Vcc (Vaux) - 0,1 x In (Self-supply)

EF With Vaux

INTERLOCK S With Vaux

G With Vaux

VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT By means of VM210 device

Protection functions Trip thresholds Trip curves

I1 = 0,18 ... 1 x In (step 0,01 x In) T1 = 0,5 … 36 s (step 0,5 s)

(I²t=constant) I2 = 0,60 ... 10 x In (step 0,1 x In) T2 = 0,05 … 0,5 s (step 0,01 s)

(t=constant) I2 = 0,60 ... 10 x In (step 0,1 x In) T2 = 0,05 … 0,5 s (step 0,01 s)

I3 = 1,5 ... 12 x In (step 0,1 x In) instantaneous

I4 = 0,20 ... 1 x In (step 0,01 x In) T4 = 0,05 … 0,5 s (step 0,01 s)

© ABB 2007
 PR223EF

PR223EF: an advanced release with dialogue functions

Protocol Maintenance
Modbus RTU standard Total number of operations
EIA RS485 Total number of trips
19200 bps Number of manual operations
Number of distinct trips for each protection function
Data available Recording of last trip data
State of circuit-breaker: open-closed-tripped
Mode: local, remote Operating mechanisms
Protection parameters set Circuit-breaker opening/closing (with motor operator)
Measurement functions Alarm reset
Circuit-breaker reset (with motor operator)
Alarms Setting protection device curves and thresholds
Alarms for protection: EF, L, S, I, G Programming contact opening/closing
© ABB 2007
 Zone Selectivity

NEW PR223EF available on Tmax:

T4L 250/320
T5L 400/630
T6L 630/800
T7L 800/1600 (PR332)
© ABB 2007
 PR223EF

Zone Selectivity between PR223EF and Emax

--

Without additional components.

© ABB 2007
 PR223EF

Accessories – VM210 Voltage device

Allows voltage measurement functions up to 1000V

Measurement functions
Phase currents, neutral, earth [A]
Phase voltage (Y and Delta system) [V]
© ABB 2007
 Agenda

1. SELECTIVITY
2. ZONE SELECTIVITY
3. PR223EF
∗ MAIN INSTALLATIONS
© ABB 2007
 MAIN INSTALLATIONS
BIRKA PARADISE LINE
Delivered on 8 November 2004
Selectivity “Retrofit” January 2006
Main Particulars
Length 177.00 m
width 28.00 m
Tonnage GT 33,000
Passengers 1,800
Passenger cabins 738
Crew cabins 200
Machinery 23,400 kW
Speed 21 kn
© ABB 2007
 MAIN INSTALLATIONS
BIRKA PARADISE LINE
690V 50kA
40 PR223EF installed

MCC

Distribution
© ABB 2007

boards
 MAIN INSTALLATIONS (for internal use
only)

FREEDOM OF THE SEAS

The world´s largest and most innovative cruise ship
delivered on 24 April 2006

Main Particulars
Length 339 m
Width 38.6 m
Tonnage GT 158,000
Passengers 3600
Speed ca. 22 knots
Machinery 75,600 kW
© ABB 2007
 MAIN INSTALLATIONS
FREEDOM OF THE SEAS
440V 80kA
30 PR223EF installed

MCC
© ABB 2007
 MAIN INSTALLATIONS
TALLINK III
Delivered on 18 April 2006
Main Particulars
Length 212 m
width 29.00 m
Tonnage GT 48,300
Passengers 2,800
Crew cabins 200
Machinery 26,240 kW
Speed 24.5 kn
© ABB 2007
 MAIN INSTALLATIONS
New Treviso District Palace
On development

LV Distribution:
1000 Volt
Open ring network
Breakers with same size
on the ring

-QF5
-QF6
I> LINE A I>
LINE B

-WC9

500 m 500 m

-QF8 -QF12
I> I>
150kW 250kW
I> I>

-QF11 -QF10 -QF13 -QF14

I> I>

-WC4

500 m 500 m

-QF21
-QF18
© ABB 2007

260kW I> I>

-QF23
I>

-QF19 -QF20
I>
I> I>

235 m
 NEW APPLICATIONS
Integrated solution for 1000V AC railway tunnels
© ABB 2007
 NEW APPLICATIONS
OPEN RING NETWORK - SW 210
Supply
Supply

I> Switchboard Switchboard Switchboard I>

D E E
C F
B
A Up
Up Up
Up Up Up Up Up
Down I> I> I> I> I> I>
Down Down Down Down Down Down
Down

I> I> I>

© ABB 2007
 NEW APPLICATIONS
OPEN RING NETWORK
Fault FEED
SW 210

Interlock
MODBUS + MOE-E
© ABB 2007

MODBUS
FEED
 NEW OTHER APPLICATIONS

Banks
Data centers
Airports
Oil & gas
Platforms on the sea
Hospitals
Heavy industries
Mines…
© ABB 2007
© ABB 2007
 Zone selectivity ZS
Generator protection

Curva Tempo-Corrente
Vn = 400 V 1E4s

E3N 2500 PR122/P-LSI

1E3s
E3 2500
Ik = 16.7 kA
100s

10s
E1B 800 PR122/P E1B 800 E1B 800
PR122/P PR122/P
WC 1s

0.1s

1E-2s
T4N 250 PR223EF
0.1kA 1kA 10kA
© ABB 2007
 Zone selectivity ZS
Generator protection

Curva Tempo-Corrente
Vn = 400 V 1E4s

E3N 2500 PR122/P-LSI E1 800

1E3s
E3 2500
Ik = 16.7 kA
100s

10s
E1B 800 PR122/P E1B 800 E1B 800 T4 250 PR223 In 250
PR122/P PR122/P
WC 1s

0.1s

1E-2s
T4N 250 PR223EF
0.1kA 1kA 10kA
© ABB 2007
 Zone selectivity ZS
Generator protection

Curva
Curva Tempo-Corrente
Tempo-Corrente
Vn = 400 V 1E4s
1E4s

E1
E1 800
800
E3N 2500 PR122/P-LSI 1E3s
1E3s
E3
E3 2500
2500
Ik = 16.7 kA
100s
100s

10s
10s
E1B 800 PR122/P E1B 800 E1B 800 T4
T4 250
250 PR222
PR223In
In250
250
PR122/P PR122/P 1s
WC 1s

0.1s
0.1s

1E-2s
1E-2s
T4N 250 PR223EF
0.1kA
0.1kA 1kA
1kA 10kA
10kA
© ABB 2007
 Zone selectivity ZS
Generator protection

Curva Tempo-Corrente
Vn = 400 V 1E4s

E3N 2500 PR122/P-LSI E1 800

1E3s
E3 2500
Ik = 16.7 kA
100s

10s
E1B 800 PR122/P E1B 800 E1B 800 PR223 In 250
T4 250 PR222
PR122/P PR122/P
WC 1s

0.1s

1E-2s
T4N 250 PR223EF
0.1kA 1kA 10kA
© ABB 2007

BACK Return
 Zone selectivity EFDP
Selectivity between same-size
breakers

T4 250

T4 250

T5 630
T4 250

T4 250
© ABB 2007

BACK
Return
 Zone selectivity EFDP

Size Reducing at 415V

T4L 320
T4 320 T5 400 +
PR223EF Trip Delay ON

T1 160 T1 160 T1 160

T4 320 T5 400 T4 320 +PR223EF

T1 160 T1 160 T1 160
Is = 10kA Is = Total (36kA) Is = Total (36kA)
© ABB 2007

BACK
 Zone selectivity EFDP
Size Reducing at 415V

T4L 320
T4 320 T5 400 +
PR223EF Trip Delay ON

T2 160 T2 160 T2 160

T4 320 T5 400 T4 320 +PR223EF

T2 160 T2 160 T2 160
Is = 25kA Is = Total (85kA) Is = 75kA
© ABB 2007

BACK
 Zone selectivity EFDP
Size Reducing at 415V

T5 630
T5 630 T6 630 +
PR223EF

T4 250 T4 250 T4 250 + PR223EF

T5 400 T6 630 T5 400 +PR223EF

T4 250 T4 250 T4 250+PR223EF
Is = 50kA Is = Total (100kA) Is = Total (120kA)
© ABB 2007

BACK
 Zone selectivity EFDP
Size Reducing at 415V

T6 800
T6 800 T7 800 +
PR223EF

T5 400 T5 400 T5 400 + PR223EF

T6 800 T7 800 T6 800 +PR223EF

T5 400 T5 400 T5 400+PR223EF
Is = 30kA Is = Total (120kA) Is = Total (100kA)
© ABB 2007

BACK
Return