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STUDY SHEET
A. Pre-reading questions
B. Analysis of the text “The house on Mango Street” downloaded and adapted from:
http://www.masconomet.org/teachers/trevenen/mango.html
Sandra Cisneros constructs her work through a series of vignettes. A vignette is a short, well written
sketch or descriptive scene. It does not have a plot which would make it a story, but it does reveal something
about elements in a plot. It may reveal character, or mood or tone. It may have a theme or idea of its own
that it wants to convey. It is the description of the scene or character that is important. By linking these
vignettes, Cisneros attempts to reveal the life of a young girl, a daughter of Mexican immigrants, growing up
in Chicago an inner city of the United States. When all of the vignettes are told, the reader gets a
larger picture of the narrator, Esperanza, and the culture from which she springs.
Is The House on Mango Street a novel? Well, maybe it is a novella. It is hard to categorize Cisneros'
work and just because we cannot does not mean that the work is in any way diminished. In fact, it may
enhance its reputation in many ways. Cisneros breaks the rules. She writes a work of fiction and she does
not follow the conventional rules of plot or form. Is it prose? Mostly, but there are certain chapters which
are sort of prose poems ("My Name" or "Geraldo No Last Name" or "Darius & the Clouds"). Because she
breaks the rules, Cisneros creates something new and it is up to you to decide if what she has created
speaks to you. Breaking the rules is important sometimes, especially when it comes to art, science and
creativity. This is why it is important to learn the rules in the first place! Learn what has been done and what
has worked well in the past. Learn to use all of the techniques and ideas that others have devised and then
you can put them together in new ways. It is a cliché, but we do stand on the shoulders of giants.
Experiment. Be brave. (Not everyone will like what you come up with.) Learn the rules so that you know
where they will take you. Then, IF YOU HAVE A GOOD REASON, break a few. Just make sure you know
why you are doing so and whether you are willing and ready to take the risk and face the consequences.
D. What are the steps or stages typical of narratives in general? How does the formula below help
you recall the generic structure of narratives?
The generic structure of The House on Mango Street does not fit the ordinary expectations of readers. Each
vignette is not typical of chapters in novels since they are quite independent from each other in respect of
the narration. Each of them can be read as if it were an independent narrative or anecdote. Some of them
have quite an expected structure, others have been described as prose poems. In any case, each vignette
contributes to achieve the overall picture of Esperanza’s family, her childhood and her neighbourhood.
E. You may choose to read the whole novel (novella or novellette. first and then go back to the
somehow independent vignettes one by one or you may prefer to read the following sets of
questions before and after reading each vignette. Choose the strategy that best suits your needs and
personality but make sure you make the most of the reading process.
Downloaded and adapted from:
http://www.masconomet.org/teachers/trevenen/mango.html
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2. "Hairs"
What is this vignette about? Answer this and don't mention the topic hair. When you have done so, you will
have mentioned theme.
Exercise: Re-write this vignette and break it into lines as if it were a poem. What are some of the most poetic
images?
4. "My Name"
This is another prose poem. Find some of the important images that refer to how the narrator thinks of
herself. What has caused her to think negatively about her name?
What do you learn about Esperanza's Mexican culture that was foreshadowed in the vignette "Boys and
Girls"?
7. "Laughter"
Here is another vignette that is about more than the facts it presents. What is the theme of the vignette?
9. "Meme Ortiz"
What must it be like to go through life with two names and titles depending upon which language you are
using? Which language is Esperanza's? Are you sure? Cathy is mentioned again. How does this information
highlight one of Cathy’s salient features? What does the reference to the Cordero’s house suggest?
11. "Marin"
What does this vignette tell us about the role some women are asked to play in society? What does Marin
feel will save her?
13. "There Was an Old Woman She Had So Many Children She Didn't Know What to Do"
What is Rosa Vargas' life like? What is the cause of most of her problems? What is the consequence of the
way her children are raised? Is she to blame? Who is? How could this problem be avoided?
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16. "And Some More"
Who is the speaker of each line? Can you attach a name to each?
What is the destructive element involved in this scene?
19. "Chanclas"
What is the significance of the last two lines of this vignette?
Consider the events in "The Family of Little Feet." What is the ambivalence the character has about her
growing sexuality?
20. "Hips"
This is another story in a series about the burgeoning sexuality of the girls. Why does the author contrast the
talk of developing bodies with the songs of the jump rope? What is the purpose of the juxtaposition of these
two topics?
How has Nenny separated herself from the group?
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28. "Sire"
Again we have the juxtaposition of youth and sexuality. Lois is in a trap. She is involved with something that
she does not completely understand. How would you advise Lois?
In one ear, Esperanza hears her mother's voice which says that "those girls are the ones that go into alleys."
Esperanza also wonders where Sire takes Lois and what happens there. What is the conflict that Esperanza
is in? Would you describe the conflict as Esperanza against another person, against herself, against
nature, or against society? Who out there could make a case for all four?
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the garden be all about?
On page 96, Esperanza tells the reader that this was the place where she wanted to die and where she had
tried to die. She indicates that this would be the last day she would be in the garden. Therefore the events
that follow this must be significant. You are being told to pay attention. Will you? Please, do.
Following this attention getting paragraph, Esperanza asks, "Who was it that said I was getting too old to
play the games?" If this immediately follows the attention getting paragraph, this question might be
important. What is the story about?
In this story, Esperanza is contrasted with what other character that we have been getting to know? In this
story, what are the differences between Sally and Esperanza?
Esperanza witnesses some interplay between Sally and Tito and the boys. She becomes angry in a way that
seems out of proportion to what is happening. The action between Sally and the boys must represent
something more important to Esperanza. What is it?
Esperanza cannot explain her anger and her desire to save Sally from the boys. Can you?
Afterward Esperanza is embarrassed and upset. She wanted to be dead. Did she die? Is there any way you
could think to explain that a part of her died that day? What part might it be and how did it happen?
“I looked at my feet in their white socks and ugly round shoes. They seemed far away. They didn't seem to
be my feet anymore. And the garden that had been such a good place to play didn't seem mine either.”
(page 98)
A symbol is an object that represents a much, much, much, much, much, much more complicated idea.
Remember the shoes Esperanza is refers to. She mentions them in "Chanclas." In this story, what do the
shoes symbolize and why do they no longer seem to be her feet anymore? What does the garden symbolize
and why is it no longer Esperanza's? Sally does not seem to a part of the garden in this story. Did she leave
the garden in the same way as Esperanza?
What is the conflict in this story?
There is a great deal to talk about in this story, but much of it depends upon the previous chapters and what
the reader learns there.
What was the major conflict of the story? If you are having trouble figuring out the conflict and who won,
answer this question, "How do you know Esperanza will never end up like Sally?"
Who won the conflict and when did it happen? (Only answer this if you have already finished the book.)
What is this story telling us about Esperanza’s fate?
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43. "Mango Says Goodbye Sometimes"
Where did Esperanza go? How? Why?
F. All texts reflect part of the political, religious, social ideas, principles, values of its author. This is
technically described as the ideology expressed in the text. This seems to be true of The House on
Mango Street.
Sandra Cisneros’ message can be said to be that immigrants, Hispanics in particular, suffer a lot in the US. It
can also be said to be that Latino immigrants can succeed in spite of being discriminated against in most
places.
G. Look up the following phrasal verbs in your dictionary. Write down the meaning they have in the
text and any other meaning they might have in a different context.
let out (page 18) go for (page 20) take off (page 24) go out ( page 27)
give up (page 30) go away(page 31) keep on (page 40) show off (page 47)
dive in (page 51) make up (page 52) turn out (page 53) show up (page 54)
look into (page 63) throw out (page 68) let out (page 70) leave out (page 70)
H. Look up these excerpts in the book, reread the vignette they have been taken from very attentively
and then paraphrase the sentences. Pay special attention to the underlined words and phrases.
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2. Not the shy ice cream bells’ giggle of Rachel and Lucy’s family [...](page 17)
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3. All brown all around, we are safe. […] our knees go shakity-shake [...](page 28)
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4. […] so she can wake up early with the tortilla star, the one that appears early just in time to rise and
catch the hind legs hide behind the sink, beneath the four-clawed tub, under the swollen floorboards
nobody fixes, in the corner of our eye. (page 31)
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5. The mother’s feet, plump and polite, descended like white pigeons from the sea of pillow […] ( page 40)
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6. It’s Rachel who learns to walk the best all strutted in those magic high heels…to run like a doble-dutch
rope, …so that the shoes talk back to you with every step. […] Down the corner where men can’t take
their eyes off us. We must be Christmas. (page 40)
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7. They bloom like roses, I continue because it’s obvious that I’m the only one that speaks with authority; I
have science on my side. […] Bones got to give. (page 50)
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8. When I’m too sad and too skinny to keep keeping, when I’m a tiny thing against so many bricks […] Four
who grew despite concrete. Four who reach and do not forget to reach. Four whose only reason is to be
and be. (page75)
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9. […] but I have decided not to go tame like the others who laid their heads on the threshold waiting for the
ball and chain. (page 88)
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10. I have begun my own quiet war. Simple. Sure. I am the one who leaves the table like a man, without
putting back the chair or picking up the plate. (page 89)
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I. Answer the following questions on each of the vignettes. Be precise. Avoid unnecessary
repetitions. Even if you write your answers for the sake of practice, this exercise is meant to give you
practice on oral production, on oral responses.
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b. What were their names?
c. Why did Esperanza’s family move to the house on Mango Street?
d. What were the positive aspects of living in this new house?
e. Why wasn’t Esperanza happy about living in this house?
2. Hairs
4. My name
a. Why didn’t Esperanza like her name?
b. Who had she been named after?
c. What was Esperanza’s great-grandmother like?
d. Why would she have liked to know her?
e. What kind of name would Esperanza like to have?
7. Laughter
a. Why is the chapter called Laughter?
b. In what way were Lucy and Rachel similar?
9. Meme Ortiz
a. Who was Meme Ortiz?
b. What was his real name?
c. What was Meme’s dog like?
d. What was special about the backyard of his house?
11. Marin
a. Who did Marin write to?
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b. What would she do if she went back to Puerto Rico?
c. Why did Louie’s parents want to send her back?
d. Why did Esperanza like Marin so much?
19. Chanclas
a. Why did Esperanza’s mother buy new clothes for Esperanza?
b. Why was Esperanza self-conscious at the party?
c. What made her feel better?
d. How did Esperanza’s attitude towards the boy she met at the party change?
20. Hips
a. What did each of the girls say about hips?
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b. Why was Esperanza so ashamed of what Nenny said?
c. What did Esperanza mean when she said that Nenny is in a world they don’t belong to anymore?
27. Sire
a. Who was Sire?
b. What was his girlfriend like?
c. What did Esperanza think about her?
d. What changes did Sire and Lois’ relationship bring about in Esperanza?
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31. Rafaela Who drinks …
a. Who was Rafaela?
b. Why couldn’t she go out of the house? How did she feel about it?
c. What does the juice represent?
32. Sally
a. Who was Sally?
b. What was she like?
c. Why did Esperanza make so many questions about Sally? Was it actually Sally she was thinking about?
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c. Was she happy?
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