Preface and Acknowledgements p.

xi
Abbreviations p. xiii
Principal Sources p. 1
The Deeds of ¿uppiluliuma (CTH 40) p. 1
Colophons, copies and series p. 1
Restoring the order of the fragments p. 2
The beginning of ¿uppiluliuma's reign in the D¿ p. 3
The el-Amarna Archive p. 5
The Amarna pharaohs p. 5
Chronology of the site and the archive p. 7
'Time Frame I': from the beginning of the archive until the end of Amenhotep III's reign p. 9

'Time Frame II': from Amenhotep IV's accession until the conquest of Sumur by 'Aziru p. 11

'Time Frame III' and the 'Late Amarna Subset' (from 'Aziru's visit in Egypt until the end p. 17
of the archive)
Conclusions: the archive's timespan of activity and the nature of the different p. 22
Hittite campaigns
Tudhaliya II p. 25
The family of Tudhaliya II and ¿uppiluliuma p. 25
The Concentric Attack p. 28
Introduction: the reign of Tudhaliya I and Arnuwanda I p. 28
The struggle between Egypt and Mittani in northern Syria p. 28
The struggle between Hatti and Mittani for control of Kizzuwatna p. 30
Tudhaliya I and Arnuwanda I in Syria p. 35
The situation on other fronts during Arnuwanda I's reign p. 36
Sources related to Tudhaliya II's reign p. 38
Hattu¿ili Ill's decree for the hekur of Pirwa (CTH 88) p. 38
The first tablets of The Deeds of ¿uppiluliuma (CTH 40) p. 43
The Suna¿¿ura treaty (CTH 41.1 and 41.2) p. 47
¿at. 1 (CTH 51.1) p. 48
The Annals of Mur¿ili II (CTH 61) p. 49
Indictment of Mita of Pahhuwa (CTH 146) p. 49
Prayer to the Sun-Goddess of Arinna concerning plague and enemies (CTH 376.C) p. 52
Mur¿ili's 'First' and 'Fourth' Plague Prayer (CTH 378.1 and CTH 378.4) p. 54
A letter from Ortaköy/¿apinuwa p. 55
EA 31 and 32 p. 56
Discussion: the Concentric Attack p. 60
The historical veracity of the event p. 60
The extent of the attack p. 60
The date of the attack p. 64
Tudhaliya II's counter-offensive (the Early Foray) p. 66
Analysis of the sources p. 66
¿at, 1 (CTH 51.1) p. 66
The treaty between Muwattalli II of Hatti and Alak¿andu of Wilu¿a (CTH 76) p. 67
Hattu¿ili Ill's account of ¿uppiluliuma's campaigns (CTH 83.1.A) p. 68
KBo 22.54 (CTH 215) p. 68
'First' Plague Prayer (CTH 378.1) p. 68
'Fourth' Plague Prayer (CTH 378.4) p. 69
Kp 05/226 p. 69
Amarna Letters p. 70
Discussion: Tudhaliya II's counter-offensive p. 73
When did the Hittite counter-offensive begin? p. 73
The extent of Tudhaliya II's counter-offensive p. 76
¿uppiluliuma I's Campaigns p. 79
The numbering of ¿uppiluliuma's campaigns p. 79
The "First Syrian War' and its aftermath p. 81
Analysis of the sources p. 81
¿at. 1 (CTH 51.1) p. 81
The D¿ (CTH 40) p. 90
¿uppiluliuma's letter and decrees concerning Ugarit (CTH 45-47) p. 94
The 'Aziru treaty (CTH 49) p. 97
Treaty between ¿uppiluliuma and Tette of Nuha¿¿e (CTH 53) p. 98
The Aleppo treaty (CTH 75) p. 101
Hattu¿ili III's account of ¿uppiluliuma's campaigns (CTH 83.1.A.) p. 101
Letters from the el-Amarna archive p. 104
Discussion p. 106
The objectives of the First Syrian War p. 106
The date of the First Syrian War p. 107
The itinerary of the First Syrian War p. 109
The situation in Syria in the immediate aftermath of the First Syrian War p. 110
Texts from Qatna (Idanda's archive) p. 110
Summary of the letters p. 110
Discussion p. 116
The Amarna letters: the Mittanian and Egyptian campaigns p. 121
Summary of the events p. 121
The objectives of the two military operations p. 122
Summary: the First Syrian War and its aftermath p. 124
Summary of the events p. 124
Syrian kings who ruled during this period p. 126
Several notes about the domination of Syria p. 126
The intermediate period p. 128
Analysis of the sources p. 128
'Floating' fragments in the D¿ p. 128
Fragments belonging to The Annals of ¿uppiluliuma(?) p. 135
The Hukkana treaty (CTH42) p. 136
¿uppiluliuma's decree on Telipinu's priesthood in Kizzuwatna (CTH 44) p. 137
Treaties with western Anatolian rulers (CTH 67 and 76) p. 137
Hattu¿ili Ill's account of ¿uppiluliuma's campaigns (CTH 83.2.A.) p. 138
Discussion p. 138
The Second Syrian War p. 139
Analysis of the sources p. 139
The D¿ (CTH 40) p. 139
The 'Azira treaty (CTH 49) p. 156
¿at. 1 (CTH 51.1) p. 157
¿at. 2 (CTH 52) p. 158
Treaty between ¿uppiluliuma and Tette of Nuha¿¿e (CTH 53) p. 160
The Annals of Mur¿ili II (CTH 61) p. 160
Treaty between Mur¿ili II and Duppi-Te¿¿ub of Amurru (CTH 62) p. 161
Report on ¿uppiluliuma's and Mur¿ili II's campaigns (CTH 84) p. 162
Mur¿ili's Plague Prayers (CTH 378 and 379) p. 163
KBo 8.38 p. 164
The General's letter (RS 20.33) p. 164
Two letters from the correspondence with Egypt p. 165
Letters from the el-Amarna archive (the Late Amarna Subset) p. 166
Discussion p. 168
Summary of the different frontiers p. 168
The course of the Second Syrian War p. 173
The goals of the Second Syrian War p. 177
The date of the Second Syrian War and ¿uppiluliuma's reign p. 178
References p. 183
Reordering of the First Tablets of the D¿ p. 205
Chronological Tables p. 207
Index p. 221
Maps
The Ancient Near East during the Amarna Period p. ix
Syria during the Amarna Period p. x
The Hittite withdrawal p. 205
Haiti's expansion during Tudhaliya II's reign p. 206
Chronological tables
The events during the last years of Tudhaliya II p. 207
Major events in the last nine years of Amenhotep Ill's reign p. 210
The political situation in Syria before and after the First Syrian War p. 212
The Second Syrian War based on the Amarna letters p. 214
The Second Syrian War based on the Seventh Tablet of the D¿ p. 175
Table of Contents provided by Blackwell's Book Services and R.R. Bowker. Used with permission.