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Printing Technology (Offset,

Flexo, Gravure, Screen, Digital,


3D Printing)
(Noncontact Printing ,Commercial Printing, Gravure
Printing, Letterpress Printing, Offset Printing, Screen
Printing, Offset Lithography, Lanography ,Flexography,
Rotogravure, Digital Printing,3D Printing, 3D Printing
Machinery, Blanket Cylinder, Plate Cylinder, Impression
Cylinder, Web Offset Machines, printing press)
Introduction
Printing is a process of producing copies of text
and pictures. Modern technology is radically
changing the way publications are printed,
inventoried and distributed. There are a wide
variety of technologies that are used to print stuff.
The main industrial printing
processes are: Offset Lithography,
Flexography, Digital Printing
(Inkjet & Xerography),
Gravure, Screen Printing.

3D printing which is also referred as additive


printing technology that enables manufacturers to
develop objects using a digital file and variety

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of printing materials. Global market for 3D
printing material includes polymers, metals and
ceramics. In addition, 3D printing offers a wide
array of applications in various industries,
namely consumer products, industrial products,
defense & aerospace, automotive, healthcare,
education & research and others.
In India, the market for printing
technology is at its nascent stage
however offers huge growth
opportunities in the coming
years. Digital printing is now taking much more
share, particularly in graphics (i.e. non-
packaging applications).

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Digital's share of the whole
market doubles in constant
value terms from 9.5% to
19.7% and 3D printing
market is estimated to garner $8.6 billion in
coming years.
The print technology in use is also changing.
Digital printing is now taking much more share,
particularly in graphics (i.e. non-packaging
applications). Digital's share of the whole market
doubles in constant value terms from 9.5% in
2008 to 19.7% by 2018, when packaging is
excluded this share is 23.5% in 2012 to 38.1% by
2018.

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3D printers are emerging as a key growing
printing technology in global landscape. In India,
the market for 3D printers is at its nascent stage;
however offers huge growth opportunities in the
coming years. India 3D Printer Market is
projected to record $79 Million by 2021. In India.
Amongst all 3D printing technologies, FDM
technology based 3D printers dominates the
overall market. Low cost and ease of availability
of these printers have led for their majority of the
market revenues.
The printing inks market grows at a CAGR of
around 5% between 2016 and 2020. The market
is going through high consumption of printing
inks

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in the flexible packaging, publishing, and
commercial printing industries. North America
is the largest market, accounting for 53% of the
total market share.
•Global market of $824 billion in 2015
•Steady growth (2% CAGR) giving $877 billion in
2020
•Volume steady ~49 trillion A4 sheets per
annum (2015-2020)
•Packaging and labels are the largest print
market segment – over $400 billion (2015) – and
the one in which the penetration of digital is
least

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This handbook is designed for use by everyone
engaged in the printing section and students who
are pursuing their career in printing technology.
It provide all information on modern printing
methods, techniques, testing’s for printing,
application of different printing and machinery
used for printing.
The major content of the book are Principles of
Contact (Impression), Principles of Noncontact
Printing, Coated Grades and Commercial
Printing, Tests for Gravure Printing, Tests for
Letterpress Printing, Tests for Offset Printing,
Screen Printing, Application of Screen Printing,
Offset Lithography,
Planography, Materials, Tools and Equipments,
Sheetfed Offset Machines, Web Offset Machines,
Colour and its Reproduction, Quality Control in
Printing, Flexography, Rotogravure, Creative
Frees Printer, Shaftless Spearheads Expansion,
Digital Printing, 3D Printing, 3D Printing
Machinery and Photographs of Machinery with
Suppliers Contact Details.
This book will be a mile stone for its readers who
are new to this sector, will also find useful for
professionals, entrepreneurs, those studying and
researching in this important area.
Table of Contents
1.Principles of Contact (Impression)
Introduction
Printing Methods
The Printing System
Preparatory Sections
Halftone Photography
Platemaking
Printing
Binding and Finishing
Inks for Letterpress and Lithography
Speciality Printing

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2.Principles of Noncontact Printing
Introduction
Impactless printing system for variable printing
Summary

3.Coated Grades and Commercial Printing


Coated and Commercial Papers
Coating Methods
Coating Materials
Adhesives
Coated Paper Properties and Use

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4. Tests for Gravure Printing
Introduction
Print Smoothness
Gravure Print Testing

5. Tests for Letterpress Printing


Printing Smoothness
Uniformity for paper surface

6. Tests for Offset Printing


Introduction
Runnability
Surface Strength

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Water Resistance
Mechanical Properties
Web Runnability

7. Screen Printing
Select Correct Screen Printing Fabric
An Antistatic Stencil Mesh
Screen Printing Frames
Stretching Equipment
Correct Stretching
Adhesives
The Manufacture of Diapositives
Stencils
The Diapositive

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8. Application of Screen Printing
Screen Printing Accessories
Stencils
Chemicals Used and Formulations
Common Faults in Screen Printing
Printing Unit
Automatic Screen Printing Machine
Screen Printing on Different Surfaces
Inks for Screen Printing

9. Offset Lithography
Printing Processes
Origin and History of Lithography
Job Planning

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Evolution of Offset Printing
Offset Machine Construction
Pre-Make Ready and Make Ready
Setting the Machine for Operation
Small Offset
Running Problems
Colour
Rollers

10. Planography
Origin of Planography
Principle of Planographic Printing
Direct Printing Process
Offset Printing Process
Working Process

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11. Materials, Tools and Equipments
Lithographic varnish
Acids
Turpentine
French Chalk
Resin
Asphaltum
Paraffin
Driers
Sponge
Dampening Cloth
Vaseline
Tools and Equipments
Scraper

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Ink Knife
Wrench
Proofing Devices
Mechanical Features
Ink Knife
Automatic Proof Presses402
Wrench
Qualities
Proofing of a Good Proof
Devices
Mechanical Features
Automatic Proof Presses402
12. Sheet
Qualities fedProof
of a Good Offset Machines
Names of the machines
Mechanical Features
Lubrication
Sheet feeding mechanism

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Sheet board
Functions of blowers
Functions of the blower foot
Sheet lifting and forwarding
Sheet Controls
Sheet Register
Sheet Insertion and Transfer
Inking System
Distribution System
Multiroll System
Wash-up device
Adjustment of Rollers
Different Dampening Systems
Cleaning of Dampeners
Construction of the machine

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Working on the cleaning machine
Plate Cylinder
Blanket Cylinder
Impression Cylinder
Adjustment of Cylinders
Advantages of Both Principles
Delivery Mechanism
Anti-setoff Spray
Miscellaneous Operations

13. Web Offset Machines


Driving Mechanism
Printing Units
Main Parts of Printing Unit

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Inking System
Delivery Unit
Folding Unit
Ancillary Operations by Delivery Unit

14. Colour and its Reproduction


Terminology Related to Colour
Mixing and Matching of Colors
Sequence of Colours in Printing

15. Quality Control in Printing


Before Printing
During Printing
After Printing

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16. Flexography
Flexography
Flexographic Platemaking
Photochemical Change
Rotary Principle
Rubber Plates
Substrates
Paper and Board

17. Rotogravure

18. Creative Frees Printer


Popular Product with Powerful Appeal

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Topical Information Mix
Individual Brand of Success
Production-Driven Investment
As Horst Brostler Explains
Flexibility in Many Spheres
Super-Wide
Topical InformationRotogravure
Mix Presses in Big Demand
Individual
Brownie Brand of Success
points of gravure
Production-Driven Investment
New Techniques for Handling Giant Reels
Explains
Bigger Core Diameteres Needed to
Handle Higher Speeds
A Host of Optimised Details
Light Weight Guide Rollers
Process Computer Systems With Visualisation

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19. Shaftless Spearheads Expansion
Economic Effciency–the Clincher
Eightfold Increase in Sales
Confidence in KBA Technology
Commissioning to a Tight Schedule

20. Digital Printing


Introduction
Digital Printing
Important Things We Should Know About Digital
Printing
Types of Digital Printing
1. Inkjet Printer
2. Laser Printer

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Important Features of Laser Printer
Advantages of Digital Printing
Benefits of Digital Printing Design & Printing
1. Cheaper Printing
2. High quality
Difference between Screen Printing and Digital
Printing
Screen Printing
Digital Printing
Comparison between Digital Printing and Press
Printing
Digital Printing
Press Printing

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21. 3D Printing
Introduction
History of 3D Printing
How Does 3D Printing Work?
Technology
3D Printing Applications
1. Medical and Dental
2. Aerospace
Complex Designs
Weight Reduction
Improved Strength and Durability
Major Savings
3. Automotive

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4. Jewellery
5. Art/Design/Sculpture
6. Architecture
7. Fashion
8. Food
Benefits of 3D Printing
Advantages of 3D Printing in Manufacturing
1. 3-D Printers are Becoming More Affordable
2. Quicker Turnaround Times for Prototyping
3. Quicker Product Launches
4. Competitive Advantage
5. Reduction in Manufacturing Errors

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6. Complex Geometries
7. Mass Customization
8. Less Tooling
9. Fewer Costs
10. Environmentally Friendly
Benefits of 3D Printing in Healthcare
What Materials do 3D Printers Use?
1. Plastics
(a) Nylon (Polyamide)
Features
(b) PLA Filament
Features
(c) ABS Filament

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Features
(d) PVA Filament
2. Powders
3. Resins
Features
4. Other Materials
How do the Different 3D Printing Technologies
Work?
1. Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)
How does FDM Work?
Materials for FDM
ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene)
ABSi (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene –
Biocompatible)

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ABS-M30 (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene)
ABS-M30i (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene –
Biocompatible)
PC (Polycarbonate)
ABS-ESD7 (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene –
Static-Dissipative)
PC-ABS (Polycarbonate ABS)
PC-ISO (Polycarbonate ISO)
Ultem 9085
2. Stereolithography and Digital Light Processing
(SLA & DLP)
3. Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)
4. Material Jetting (PolyJet and MultiJet
Modeling)

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5. Binder Jetting
6. Metal Printing (Selective Laser Melting and
Electron Beam Melting)
Electron Beam Melting
Characteristics
Selective Laser Melting Applications
7. PolyJet Photopolymer
Benefits of Polyjet
Realistic Finish
Greater Choices
Multiple Materials and Colors
Polyjet Materials

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1. Digital Materials
2. Digital ABS
3. High Temperature
Wide Range of Applications
4. Transparent
3D Print Clear and Tinted Prototypes
3D Printing With Transparent Material
3D Print Translucent Shades and Patterns
Wide Range of Applications
5. Rigid Opaque
6. Polypropylene-like
3D Print Tough, Flexible Models
7. Bio-compatible

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3D Print Medical Devices
3D Printing With Bio-compatible Material
8. Rubber-like
3D Print Flexible, Soft-touch Models
3D Printing With Rubber-like Material
8. Syringe Extrusion
9. Other Methods
3D Printing is a Game Changer

22. 3D Printing Machinery


Airwolf AW3D HD
SLA 3D Printing Machine
3D Printing Machine

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Makerbot Replicator
Dual Head 3D Printer
Prototyping Machine
Flashforge Finder
3D Systems Cube
3D Jet
Formlabs

23.Photographs of Machinery with Supplier’s


Contact Details
Single Color Offset Printing Machine
Two Color Satellite Offset Printing Machine
Offset Printing with Numbering and Perforating

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Machine
Web Offset Printing Machine
Color Screen Printer
Flatbed Screen Printer
Automatic Sheetfed Offset Printing Machine
Sheetfed Offset Machine
Mini Offset Printing Machine
Flexographic Printing Machine
Label Master Flexographic Printing Press
Poly Offset Printing Machines
Prepress Equipments
Flip Top Printing Down Frame Single/Double
Sided Machine

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Instant Start Metal Halide Plate Exposure
Plate Coating Whirler
Plate Curing Equipment
Damper Roller Washer
Vertical Process Camera
3M Plate Processor
Computer-to-Screen Exposure System
IGP Plate Processor
Screen CTP System
Inkjet CTP System (Computer to Plate Machine)
Rotogravure Printing Machine
4 Hi Tower (Automatic)
3 Colour + Stack Unit (Manual)
Finishing System
UV Inkjet Digital Printing System

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Finishing System
UV Inkjet Digital Printing System
Perfecting Production System
Tape Binder
High Light Color System
Color Printer
Digital Press
Digital Color Press
Manual Offset Printing Machine

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Profitable Small Scale Printing Business, Principles of Contact
(Impression), Printing Methods, Halftone Photography, Platemaking,
Binding and Finishing, Principles of Noncontact Printing,
Introduction, Impactless printing system, Coated Grades and
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Properties and Use, Tests for Gravure Printing, Tests for Letterpress
Printing, Tests for Offset Printing, Screen Printing, Screen Printing
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Niir Project Consultancy Services (NPCS)
can provide Technology Book on
Printing Technology
(Offset, Flexo, Gravure, Screen, Digital,
3D Printing)
See more
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OUR CLIENTS

Our inexhaustible Client list includes public-


sector companies, Corporate Houses,
Government undertaking, individual
entrepreneurs, NRI, Foreign investors, non-profit
organizations and educational institutions from
all parts of the World. The list is just a glimpse of
our esteemed & satisfied Clients.

Click here to take a look


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Free Instant Online Project Identification &
Selection Search Facility

Selection process starts with the generation of a product idea. In order


to select the most promising project, the entrepreneur needs to
generate a few ideas about the possible projects.
Here’s we offer a best and easiest way for every entrepreneur to
searching criteria of projects on our website www.entrepreneurindia.co
that is “Instant Online Project Identification and Selection”

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NPCS Team has simplified the process for you by providing
a "Free Instant Online Project Identification & Selection"
search facility to identify projects based on multiple search
parameters related to project costs namely: Plant &
Machinery Cost, Total Capital Investment, Cost of the
project, Rate of Return% (ROR) and Break Even Point %
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investment requisites.
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Contact us
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Fax: +91-11-23845886
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Who are we?

o One of the leading reliable names in industrial world for


providing the most comprehensive technical consulting services

o We adopt a systematic approach to provide the strong


fundamental support needed for the effective delivery of services
to our Clients’ in India & abroad

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We at NPCS want to grow with you by providing solutions scale
to suit your new operations and help you reduce risk and give a
high return on application investments. We have successfully
achieved top-notch quality standards with a high level of
customer appreciation resulting in long lasting relation and
large amount of referral work through technological
breakthrough and innovative concepts. A large number of our
Indian, Overseas and NRI Clients have appreciated our
expertise for excellence which speaks volumes about our
commitment and dedication to every client's success.

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We bring deep, functional expertise, but are known for
our holistic perspective: we capture value across
boundaries and between the silos of any organization.
We have proven a multiplier effect from optimizing the
sum of the parts, not just the individual pieces. We
actively encourage a culture of innovation, which
facilitates the development of new technologies and
ensures a high quality product.

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What do we offer?

o Project Identification
o Detailed Project Reports/Pre-feasibility Reports
o Business Plan
o Industry Trends
o Market Research Reports
o Technology Books and Directory
o Databases on CD-ROM
o Laboratory Testing Services
o Turnkey Project Consultancy/Solutions
o Entrepreneur India (An Industrial Monthly Journal)

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How are we different ?

o We have two decades long experience in project consultancy and


market research field
o We empower our customers with the prerequisite know-how to
take sound business decisions
o We help catalyze business growth by providing distinctive and
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o We serve a wide array of customers , from individual
entrepreneurs to Corporations and Foreign Investors
o We use authentic & reliable sources to ensure business precision

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Our Approach

Requirement collection

Thorough analysis of the project

Economic feasibility study of the


Project

Market potential survey/research

Report Compilation

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Who do we serve?

o Public-sector Companies
o Corporates
o Government Undertakings
o Individual Entrepreneurs
o NRI’s
o Foreign Investors
o Non-profit Organizations, NBFC’s
o Educational Institutions
o Embassies & Consulates
o Consultancies
o Industry / trade associations

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Sectors We Cover

o Ayurvedic And Herbal Medicines, Herbal Cosmetics


o Alcoholic And Non Alcoholic Beverages, Drinks
o Adhesives, Industrial Adhesive, Sealants, Glues, Gum & Resin
o Activated Carbon & Activated Charcoal
o Aluminium And Aluminium Extrusion Profiles & Sections,
o Bio-fertilizers And Biotechnology
o Breakfast Snacks And Cereal Food
o Bicycle Tyres & Tubes, Bicycle Parts, Bicycle Assembling

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Sectors We Cover Cont…

o Bamboo And Cane Based Projects


o Building Materials And Construction Projects
o Biodegradable & Bioplastic Based Projects
o Chemicals (Organic And Inorganic)
o Confectionery, Bakery/Baking And Other Food
o Cereal Processing
o Coconut And Coconut Based Products
o Cold Storage For Fruits & Vegetables
o Coal & Coal Byproduct

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Sectors We Cover Cont…

o Copper & Copper Based Projects


o Dairy/Milk Processing
o Disinfectants, Pesticides, Insecticides, Mosquito Repellents,
o Electrical, Electronic And Computer based Projects
o Essential Oils, Oils & Fats And Allied
o Engineering Goods
o Fibre Glass & Float Glass
o Fast Moving Consumer Goods
o Food, Bakery, Agro Processing

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Sectors We Cover Cont…

o Fruits & Vegetables Processing


o Ferro Alloys Based Projects
o Fertilizers & Biofertilizers
o Ginger & Ginger Based Projects
o Herbs And Medicinal Cultivation And Jatropha (Biofuel)
o Hotel & Hospitability Projects
o Hospital Based Projects
o Herbal Based Projects
o Inks, Stationery And Export Industries

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Sectors We Cover Cont…

o Infrastructure Projects
o Jute & Jute Based Products
o Leather And Leather Based Projects
o Leisure & Entertainment Based Projects
o Livestock Farming Of Birds & Animals
o Minerals And Minerals
o Maize Processing(Wet Milling) & Maize Based Projects
o Medical Plastics, Disposables Plastic Syringe, Blood Bags
o Organic Farming, Neem Products Etc.

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Sectors We Cover Cont…

o Paints, Pigments, Varnish & Lacquer


o Paper And Paper Board, Paper Recycling Projects
o Printing Inks
o Packaging Based Projects
o Perfumes, Cosmetics And Flavours
o Power Generation Based Projects & Renewable Energy Based Projects
o Pharmaceuticals And Drugs
o Plantations, Farming And Cultivations
o Plastic Film, Plastic Waste And Plastic Compounds
o Plastic, PVC, PET, HDPE, LDPE Etc.

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Sectors We Cover Cont…

o Potato And Potato Based Projects


o Printing And Packaging
o Real Estate, Leisure And Hospitality
o Rubber And Rubber Products
o Soaps And Detergents
o Stationary Products
o Spices And Snacks Food
o Steel & Steel Products
o Textile Auxiliary And Chemicals

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Sectors We Cover Cont…

o Township & Residential Complex


o Textiles And Readymade Garments
o Waste Management & Recycling
o Wood & Wood Products
o Water Industry(Packaged Drinking Water & Mineral
Water)
o Wire & Cable

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Contact us
Niir Project Consultancy Services
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Fax: +91-11-2385886
Website : www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
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