How do Forest Fire Can Happen?

Forest fire is an incident where the forest which is classified as natural ecology has
transformed caused by massive burning activity of the forest. Basically, this kind of
incident has both positive and negative impact. However, the negative impact of
forest fire is more dominant than the positive impact.

Forest fire could happen because a lot of factors, such as lightning strikes on the dry
forest because of long dry season. Long dry season also caused the water sources
dried up including the forest. Its losses water due to evapotranspiration process.
Stems, tiwgs, and dried leaves that rub againts each other could cause fire, then the
fire will spread quickly.

Other factors like, human carelessness on throwing cigarette carelessly or forgot to

water the camp fire. Sometimes forest fire also happens because of volcanic activity
such as hit by lava flows or hot clouds from volcanic eruption. Forest fire also could
happen intentionally. There are some people that intentionally burn the forest to
open up a new land or other vandalism actions.

So, to prevent the forest fire we need to take a good care of the forest. We need to be more aware
that forest is really important for us as human, forest can give us oxygen that we need to breath
and also forest can prevent flood or landslide from happening. Forest also needed by other
creatures that make forest as their home

1. Why are average forest fires late in extinction?

2. What is main idea of the first paragraph?

Hot and dry Australia could join the
ranks of 'climate refugees'

SYDNEY: As global temperatures soar, Australia could become so hot

and dry that the country's residents could become climate refugees,
US climatologist and geophysicist Michael Mann told Reuters.

Australia is in the midst of one of its worst fire seasons on record, with
bushfires burning since September and claiming the lives of 28 people,
killing more than a billion animals and razing forests and farmland the
size of Bulgaria.

Some fires were so monstrous that they created their own weather
pattern causing dry lightening and fire tornadoes as a three -year drought
left woods tinder-dry.
"It is conceivable that much of Australia simply becomes too hot and dry
for human habitation," said Mann, who is director of the Earth System
Science Center at Pennsylvania State University.

"In that case, yes, unfortunately we could well see Australia ns join the
ranks of the world’s climate refugees."

Climate refugees, or environmental migrants, are people forced to

abandon their homes due to change in climate patterns or extreme
weather events.

Mann, the recipient of last year's Tyler Prize for Enviro nmental
Achievement, is on a sabbatical in Australia where he is studying climate
change.

The co-founder of the award-winning science website RealClimate.org

said the brown skies over Sydney in recent days was a result of human -
caused climate change led by record heat and an unprecedented
drought.

The remarks resonate with his peers who published a review of 57

scientific papers suggesting clear links.
Climate change has led to an increase in the frequency and severity of
what scientists call "fire weather" - periods with a high fire risk due to
some combination of higher temperatures, low humidity, low rainfall and
strong winds, the review found.

A poll from the Australian Institute published on W ednesday showed the

bushfire crisis has intensified Australia ns' concerns about climate
change and its impact.

And yet, Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison and his conservative
government have sought to downplay the role of manmade climate
change in making the country vulnerable to fires.

Morrison has repeatedly said his Centre-Right government would "meet

and beat" a 26 per cent global emissions reduction target agreed in
Paris, albeit with a caveat that such goals should not come at the cost of
jobs and the economy.

Mann, the author of four books including The Madhouse Effect, said
Australia could still "easily achieve" the target by shifting towards
renewable energy.

"It's possible to grow the economy, create jobs, and preserve the
environment at the same time. These are things that all Australians
could embrace," Mann said.

"They just need a government that's willing to act on their behalf rather
than on behalf of a handful of coal barons."

1. What is the impact of a forest fire in Australia?

2. What causes sudden climate change?
.