Introduction

NGO (Non Governmental Organization)

A non governmental organization (NGO) is an organization that is not part of a government
and not founded by the states. NGOs are therefore typically independent of governments.
Although the definition can technically include for profit corporations the term is generally
restricted to social, cultural, legal and environmental advocacy groups having goals that are
primarily non commercial. NGOs are usually non profit organizations that gain at least a
portion of their funding from private sources. Current usage of the term is generally associated
with the United Nations and authentic NGOs are those that are so designed by UN. Because
the label “NGO” is considered to be too broad by some, as it might cover everything that is
non governmental, many NGOs now prefer the term private voluntary organization (PVO). A
1995 UN report on global governance estimated that there are nearly 29000 international
NGOs. National numbers are even higher. The United States has an estimated 2 million
NGOs; most of them are formed in the past 30 years. Russia has 65000 NGOs. Dozens are
created daily. Though voluntary association of citizens has existed throughout history, NGOs
along the lines seen today, especially on the international level have developed in the past
two centuries. One of the first such organizations, The International Committee of Red Cross
was founded in 1863.

Types of NGOs
There are numerous possibilities to classify NGOs. The following is the typology the world
bank uses:
Operational NGOs
The primary purpose is the design and implementation of development related projects. One
categorization that is frequently used is the division into relief oriented or development
oriented organizations; they can also be classified according to whether they stress service
delivery or participation; or whether they are religious and secular; and whether they are more
public or private oriented. Operational NGOs can be community based, national or
international.
Advocacy NGOs
Their primary purpose is to defend or promote a specific cause. As opposed to operational
project management, these organizations typically try to raise awareness, acceptance
andknowledge by lobbying, press work and activist events.

Important features of NGOs

Purposes
NGOs exist for a variety of purposes, usually to further the political or social goals of their
members. Examples include improving the state of the natural environment, encouraging the
observance of human rights, improving the welfare of disadvantaged, or representing a
corporate agenda. However there are a number of such huge organizations, and their goals
cover a broad range of political and philosophical positions. This can also easily applied to
private schools and athletic organizations.
Methods
NGOs vary in their methods. Some act primarily as lobbyists, while others conduct programs
and activities primarily. For instance such an NGO as Oxfam concerned with poverty
alleviation might provide needy people with the equipment and skills they need to find food
and clean drinking water.
Networking
The international freedom of expression exchanges (IFEX), founded in 1992 is global network
of more than 60 NGOs that promote and defend the right to freedom of expression.
Consulting
Many international NGOs have a consultative status with United Nations agencies relevant to
their area of work. As an example the third world network has consultative status with the UN
Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the UN Economic and Social Council
(ECOSOC). In 1946 only 46 NGOs have consultative status with the ECOSOC, but the
number has risen to 2350 in 2003.
Management of NGOs
Two management trends are particularly relevant to NGOs: diversity management and
participatory management. Diversity management deals with different cultures in an
organization. Intercultural problems are prevalent in northern NGOs that are engaged in
development activities in the south. Personnel coming from a rich country are faced with a
completely different approach of doing things in target country
Name of the NGO
Welfare Development C-Steeward (Council for Agricultural
Research Extension Training Environment and Social).
C-Steeward Chowkidingee, above P.D wine shop Dibrugarh.
P/O: - Dibrugarh Pin No.:- 786001 ASSAM.
Aims of Society
C-Steeward is a non political and non government voluntary service association. It has
commitment to work in the rural area to uplift the social and economic status of the rural
people including Tea industrial sector. The organization will give more trust on women
entrepreneur for better livelihood to serve the mankind. It will cooperate with institution and
association having similar aims and objects.

OBJECTIVE
1) To work for the upliftment of social and economic status of rural people including Tea
industrial sector.
2) To encourage unemployment youth for proper commercialization of agriculture and its
allied areas.
3) To impart for training high quality horticulture and spice crops and its processing and
marketing.
4) To prevent health hazard put interest in organic farming.
5) To provide extension sources to farmer community/other organizations etc to popularize
the modern concept of agriculture, sericulture, pisciculture and animal husbandry through
consultancy and transmission technology.
6) To provide training on food is processing biotechnology, organic mushroom, post cocoon
technology of muga, organic farming.
 Organizational Analysis

C-Steeward has been established in the year 2002 and registered in the year 2002-03. Reg
No. DBR/2SS/A/50 of 2002-03 and valid upto 2021.
C-Steeward has been governed by an executive community formed by a general body
meeting as per the constitution and memorandum of the organization.
The present executive committee of C-Steeward functioning under Sri Bhabesh Ch.
Bordoloi and Shashi Dhar Mudoi as per president and secretary respectively.

Brief Note on activities of the organization

Since its inception the organization has been working with their own subscription for the socio
economic development of the society. Some of the works done by the organization over the
years SHG formation and linkages programme. Conducted a various of training programmes
on fruits and vegetable preservation, mushroom production, vermicompost technology,
PMRY training, agricultural awareness programme, observation of world Aid’s day, training
and field by the farmers at A.A.U Jorhat, crop demonstration, vegetable seeds, coconut, neem
seedling distribution etc and awareness programme on HIV/AIDS, tobacco chewing, smoking
and use of nacrotic drugs. These are few programmes that been carried out by the
organization etc and the awareness programme that been carried out by the organization and
total no. of beneficiaries come to more than 2000 and the organization is still following up with
these people on the benefits they have achieved through the programme and the
beneficiaries include different people from different strata of the society.
Besides the organization has been implementing targeted intervention project
supported by the ASSAM STATE AIDS CONTROL SOCIETY (ASACS).
Targeted Intervention Project Under C-Steeward
Project ID: - IDU-29
The available surveillance data clearly indicates that HIV is prevalent in almost all parts of the
country. In the recent years it has spread from urban to rural areas from individuals practicing
risk behavior to the general population. The AIDS caused by a virus HIV is spread trough
sexually from infected partner whether HETEROSEXUAL or HOMOSEXUAL, parentally from
infected blood, needle syringe and perennially from infected mother to baby/infant.
Transformation among infected drug users is also one of the common cause for spread of
HIV/AIDS. Incidence of HIV through injected drugs is evident from many parts of the country
especially the urban area of drug users are available in urban areas of Dibrugarh District. So
a targeted Intervention project titled IDU-300 sponsored by Assam State AIDS Control
Society, Guwahati has been implemented by C-Steeward, a non govt. organization since
October 2008.

Goal of the Project

To provide care, support and treatment to IDUs for harm reduction of high risk group and
general population in the operated district; so to prevent the spreading of HIV/AIDS.
Objective
1) Harm reduction programme by exchanging needle syringes.
2) Spreading awareness among the IDUs and general people by creating community
based activity.
3) Condom distribution for safer sex practices by IDUs.
4) Care, support and treatment for AIDS affected person.

Project Context
To achieve above activities this organization has been working with the following updated
hotspots as well as HRGs in and around area of Dibrugarh where injected drug users are
available.

Hotspots Name Approximate No. of IDUs

1) Kalibari 18
2) Panch -Ali 37
3) Chowkidingee 44
4) Amulapatty 48
5) Grahambazar 15
6) Chaulkhowa 15
7) Paltanbazar 17
8) Overbridge 39

This organization is aware having the knowledge of the situation and states of IDUs in the
identified geographical areas. There is some constraints in implementing this project such as
obstruction from drug peddlers and other pressure groups. However these will overcome
though amicable settlement.

Each hotspot wise macro and micro planning has been done for the easy
implementation of the project. Hotspot wise requirement of needles and syringe and condoms
per month also done.
Work Plan
The main focuses as a project staff as a whole personal interaction with the IDUs and
convince them to change their high risk behavior. As a part of the project, we believe that the
problem of injecting drug use through needle has emerged as a serious problem in the
identified hotspot. The problem of HIV/AIDS has added a new dimension as sharing of
injecting equipments for nacrotic drugs use is one of the most efficient mutes of HIV
transmission and is considered to be much more risky than unprotected sexual contact. While
most of the injecting drug users (IDUs) are male their female partners are not known to be in
habit of injecting drug use. The latter therefore suffer the risk of sexual transmission from HIV
infected IDUs without their knowledge. Further it has been noticed that the majority of the
IDUs are youth in their most productive age groups of 15-25 years. We would have therefore
considered the matter as a serious problem and committed to adopt appropriate approach for
preventing the risk of transmission through injected drugs.

Development of health checking behavior among the community members was one
of the most important motives of the BCC activities. In response to that as many of IDUs with
whom project staff has interacted and registered has availed the outreach clinic service at
DIC. At first year of the project actual at ICTC visit of the registered IDU of the project was
very low. We realized that it is very important to visit the ICTC by the IDU for the success of
the project. Capacity development of the project staff is very necessary in that order. However
the actual visit increased thereafter.
 C-Steeward has also understood the need of involving general community for
awareness and support of the project. Because the IDUs with whom we interact are those
who are not very well respected in the society and it is very important to make them feel
homely while working of the project. Because rejection from society towards their status can
cause problem to the project as well as IDUs. So, awareness camp, advocacy meetings,
group discussion etc have been undertaken during the project to develop more and more
acceptance from the society and the HRGs community.

Besides community events have been organized in order to fulfill the objectives of
the program.

The project manager, councilor and ORW visited the field staff very now and then to
provide support and help for proper implementation of the project. The ORW are an integral
of the project. ORW has been helping the peer educators to review the outreach plans in
different times and also developing proper strategies for outreach activities. This has been
helped by review meetings and DIC meetings with the project staffs.

Constraints
In implementing the project C-Steeward’s staffs has often faced some problems as the IDUs
are not willing to meet and reluctant to go to ICTC of AMCH, Dibrugarh. The parents of IDUs
don’t cooperate with the project staff at the first approach. Moreover the local organization
has also given moral obstruction to the field staff in rare occasion which could be solved by
amicable settlement.
 We have visited few hotspot of the said TI project and met PE ORW and HRG
with whom shared many aspects of field activities.

We also met the parents and stakeholders of HRGs and discussed the
deadliness of HIV and AIDS. So, the parents and societies of hotspots area should
aware about transmission of HIV through blood.

During our visit in the field we have focused that both parents and HRG don’t
like to expose themselves as drug users. Field staff of TI project sometime face
obstruction to carry out the activities of the project however they able to meet the
obstruction with amicable settlement.

We have visited the NGO during our internship from 12.07.2019 to 26.07.2019.

We would also like to express our gratitude towards the C-Steeward staffs, president,
and secretary for sharing with us their valuable social activities and involving us as a
part of it.

Signature

DEBOJIT SONOWAL

RITUSMAN KASHYAP BHUYAN

RITURAJ PATHAK

BHASKARJYOTI DUTTA

MADHURJYA KUMAR DAS

Bhaskar Jyoti Dutta Madhurjya Kumar Das