CARBON BLACK

From Hangzhou Juy Website

Boonyait L.
11 December 2019
Powder moisture and humidity carbon black pigments

Hygroscopic powder paint itself (moisture) directly affects the power self resistance Yong dielectric
constant. If severe moisture will agglomerate powder.This is not for electrostatic coating. The general
moisture, in addition to its effects on live performance, will also reduce the flow of powder and film, the
filmis not smooth and even difficult to the workpiece on adsorption and film will produce bubbles and
pinhole.carbon black pigments

Moisture absorbing and do not pay attention to save storage caused by powder coating, and spraying of
compressed air purification degree. Because of easy to produce condensation water in the compressed
air in the air purification system,there must be a filtering moisture absorption device, which is reduced
to the minimum degree of moisture in the air to the powder supply device.carbon black pigments

In addition, powder spraying field relative humidity of the air is to be attached.Data report, relative
humidity 30% change, changes of resistivity is equivalent to the powder of two orders of magnitude
(omitted).

4, the stability of powder coatings

The stability of powder coatings are powder during storage or whether the occurrence of powder
agglomeration in use, flow characteristics of variation,charged effect is poor, the film orange peel was
weakened, gloss, pinhole bubble generation etc..

In the production of powder coatings, attention must be paid to its storagestability, only with a certain
stability of powder coating, can let the users. Abroad,often adding some additives in powder coatings,
powder coatings to enhance the stability, so this kind of powder coatings in general in the damp or high
temperature 70-75 ℃ also won't produce agglomerate.carbon black pigments

The stability of Powder Coatings powder coating is used at a certain temperature, the flow changes to
determine treatment after a certain period of time. Because of the stability of Powder Coatings powder
coating in the storageconditions and the molecular cross-linking degree of crosslinking reactionoccurred;
powder more intense, the molecular weight of powder, as reflected in the powder in the curing
temperature viscosity, and flow characteristics of variation.

Carbon black masterbatch

Pigment Carbon black : in inks , paints, coatings for products such as coloring pigment with the carbon
black. According to the coloring intensity (or blackness) and particle size, it is generally divided into four
types: high carbon black, medium carbon black, ordinary carbon black and low carbon black. It is mainly
produced by contact method and oil furnace method.

1) Several typical parameters of carbon black

Blackness (reflectivity)-The blackness of carbon black is usually expressed by data measured by a

"reflectivity tester". In most cases, it also reflects the original particle diameter of the carbon black,

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which is a measure of the market price of the carbon black. One of the important parameters. The lower
the reflectivity, the higher the carbon black and the smaller the particle size. vice versa.

Volatile matter—The amount of oxygen-containing groups carried on the surface of carbon black
reflects the surface physical properties, electrochemical properties, and application properties of carbon
black, and is also one of the important parameters to measure the market price of carbon black.

Structure—The structure of carbon black is a characteristic value of the degree of branching formed
by carbon black microparticle aggregates, and it indicates the degree of voids inside the carbon black.
Usually expressed in oil absorption value (DBP absorption value).

Schematic relationship between high and low structure carbon black and application performance

How to choose the carbon black pigment

Color black carbon black used as a color pigment in inks, paints, coatings and other products.
According to the coloring intensity (or blackness) and particle size, it is generally divided into four types:
high carbon black, medium carbon black, ordinary carbon black and low carbon black. It is mainly
produced by contact method and oil furnace method.

Blackness (reflectivity)-The blackness of carbon black is usually expressed by data measured by a

"reflectivity tester". In most cases, it also reflects the original particle diameter of the carbon black,
which is a measure of the market price of the carbon black. One of the important parameters. The lower
the reflectivity, the higher the carbon black and the smaller the particle size. vice versa.

Volatile matter—The number of oxygen-containing groups carried on the surface of carbon black
reflects the surface physical properties, electrochemical properties, and application properties of carbon
black, and is also one of the important parameters to measure the market price of carbon black.

Structure—The structure of carbon black is a characteristic value of the degree of branching formed
by carbon black microparticle aggregates, and it indicates the degree of voids inside the carbon black.
Usually expressed in oil absorption value (DBP absorption value). carbon black pigment

The pigment must be dispersed to a fine particle state that meets the optical properties during the
application process. Carbon black is one of the most difficult to disperse among all pigments, so the
dispersion of carbon black will directly affect the blackness and hue of carbon black And the ability to
cover directly affects the ultimate use of the user.

a) The essential characteristics of carbon black: The original particle size, structure and various
groups on the surface of carbon black will have a great effect on dispersion. Under normal
circumstances, carbon black has a small original particle size, low structure, and low dispersion. It is
relatively easy to do the reverse.

b) User's formula: The formula of carbon black users, the properties of the base material, solvent
and resin will significantly affect the ultimate dispersion of carbon black, especially the choice of carbon
black resin.

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 c) Dispersion equipment: The dispersion effect of different dispersion equipment under the same
conditions is completely different. The correct selection of decentralized equipment is a must for users.
carbon black pigment

The first thing users should consider before choosing carbon black is: What requirements do you
want to achieve with carbon black? Coloring, tinting, and UV resistance are also conductive. The most
important thing is to communicate with the professional technical engineers of carbon black, to conduct
a technical evaluation of the material system, and choose a more suitable carbon black variety. Usually
the situation is:

For coloring—choose carbon black with high blackness and small particle size, but it must be
ensured that the carbon black is fairly and completely dispersed, otherwise it will run counter to the
original requirements.

Anti-ultraviolet use-mainly used in plastics and rubber and plastics. Choose medium-sized, slightly
higher carbon blacks, which have the best UV resistance.

Effect of carbon black pigment ink gloss

The effect of pigment carbon black on the gloss of ink, the gloss of ink depends on the properties of
carbon black for ink, the quality of aggregate dispersion, and the particle size of aggregates. Such as
high-speed dispersion, uniform dispersion in the ink to achieve the fineness of the original particle size,
the smaller the particle size, the higher the gloss. Conversely, if the original particle size is large, or if it is
not sufficiently dispersed, the side gloss is reduced. Since the ink is a very thin film, carbon black and a
vehicle for the ink tend to penetrate the porous surface, allowing more substrates to protrude from the
film. Compared to pasty inks, this effect is more pronounced in liquid inks. High structures tend to
penetrate less than low structures. The method of dispersing pigment carbon black. In the optimal
dispersion, a continuous single layer of dispersant is adsorbed on the surface of the pigment carbon
black aggregate. Therefore, the amount of dispersant required to form a fluid dispersion is related to the
surface area. Under the same conditions, if the added amount is the same, the larger the side specific
surface area, the more amount of dispersant is required. Granular carbon black is easier to store,
handle, and transport than powdered carbon black. The granules are not easy to fly, are cleaner and
easier to handle, and cause less management problems. Granular carbon black is less expensive than the
corresponding powdery carbon black. The main disadvantage of granular is that it is more difficult to
disperse compared to the corresponding powdery carbon black. Compared with powder, granules have
higher requirements on dispersion equipment. When existing dispersion equipment is not sufficient to
disperse granules, powdery carbon black is preferred. carbon black pigment

For example: the viscosity of the gravure ink should be very low and easy to flow. It is required that
the ink film can fill the recesses and be easy to transfer. On the other hand, the printed ink film is thick,
and the carbon black content in the ink should not be too low (10% ~ 15%). When selecting carbon
black, it is necessary to choose carbon black with low oil absorption. Viscosity. carbon black pigment

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Carbon black carbon black Baidu Encyclopedia

promulgatoradmin pubdate2014-01-07 17:06 visitor 86

Carbon black is carbon black.

[1] ( carbon black , also known as carbon black), is an amorphous carbon . Light, loose and very fine
black powder with a very large surface area ranging from 10-3000m2/ g , is the product of carbon-
containing substances (coal, natural gas , heavy oil , fuel oil , etc.) obtained by incomplete combustion or
thermal decomposition under insufficient air conditions. A specific gravity of 1.8-2.1 , said made from
natural gas " gas black " , the oil formed is called " light black " , the acetylene called made " acetylene
black " . In addition, there are " groove black " and " furnace black " . According to the properties of
carbon black , there are " reinforcing carbon black " , " conductive carbon black " , " wear-resistant
carbon black " and so on. It can be used as black dye , used in the manufacture of Chinese ink , ink,
paint, etc., and also used as a reinforcing agent for rubber .

table of Contents

1 basic information

2 place of origin

3 structure

form

form

4 main properties

Chemical properties

Blackness

Tinting strength

tone

Dispersion

Light stability

Food contact

5 categories

By production

By use

By function

By model

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6 production process

7 Review of China's Carbon Black Industry Development

1Basic Information

Chinese name :炭黑[2]

Chinese alias : light ink ; synthetic masterbatch with carbon black ; furnace black ; wood fiber , wood
shavings ; carbon nanotubes ; acetylene black ; carbon black [CI77266]; Carbon blackcarbon black
pigment

English name : Carbon nanotubes / Carbon Black

English alias : CI 77266; CI Pigment Black 6; CI Pigment Black 7; Carbon black; Acetylene black; lamp
black; Carbonnanotubesmultiwalled; Fullerene carbon soot (contains 2-20% C60 / C70);
Carbonanotubesmultiwalled; Carbonsoot; carbon

CAS: 1333-86-4

EINECS: 215-609-9

HS: 28030000

Chemical formula : C

2Origin

According to records , China is one of the earliest countries in the world to produce carbon black. In
ancient times , people burned animal and vegetable oils and pine branches to collect the black ash
condensed by fire smoke and used it to prepare ink and black pigments . This black ash, which is called "
炱" , is the earliest carbon black.

In 1821 , people produced carbon black for the first time in North America using natural gas as a raw
material . Since then, carbon black is no longer as simple as "炱" , it is " gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons
that undergo incomplete combustion or thermal cracking under insufficient air conditions. The
amorphous carbon produced by the decomposition is a loose, lightweight and extremely fine black
powder . " Large areas of oil and gas fields have been successively exploited , and the continuous supply
of raw materials has promoted the production of carbon black from manual operation into the era of
large-scale industrialization.

In 1912 , carbon black was found to have a reinforcing effect on rubber . Since then, carbon black has
gradually become an indispensable raw material for the rubber industry. Raw rubber consumption in the
world's rubber industry ranks first in raw rubber and second in carbon black; in other words, carbon
black has become the largest rubber compounding agent in consumption . Consumption amount of
carbon black accounted for in the rubber consumption is generally 40% - 50% , that is to say, in the
rubber formulations are , typically using each 2 parts of the rubber will be used with 1 parts of carbon
black.

3structure

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The structure of carbon black is expressed by the degree to which carbon black particles are aggregated
into a chain or grape shape. A carbon black composed of an aggregate consisting of the size,
morphology, and number of particles in each aggregate is called a high-structure carbon black. The
commonly used oil absorption value indicates the structure. The larger the oil absorption value, the
higher the carbon black structure. It is easy to form a space network channel and it is not easy to
destroy. High structure carbon black particles are fine, the network chain is densely packed, the specific
surface area is large, and the number of particles per unit mass is conducive to the formation of a chain
conductive structure in the polymer. Among many carbon black varieties, acetylene carbon black is the
best. Carbon black particles with a wide particle size distribution are more capable of imparting
conductivity to polymers than carbon black particles with a narrow distribution , and this phenomenon
is explained statistically . For carbon black with a wide particle size distribution , a small number of large
diameter particles needs a large number, and smaller diameter particles are compensated. Carbon black
with the same average particle size distribution has a larger total number of particles than carbon black
with a narrow distribution.carbon black pigment

form

Carbon black generally refers to carbon simple particles. Generally, due to insufficient combustion of
organic matter, the hydrogen and oxygen elements therein are converted into water. When the carbon
element is not burned sufficiently, it will detach from the molecules and form carbon black.

form

Carbon black consists of carbon, but is generally classified as an inorganic pigment . Carbon black is a
black powdery substance formed by the incomplete combustion or thermal decomposition of
hydrocarbons in the gas phase . Due to different production processes, products with different
properties can be obtained through different process conditions.

1 ) Microstructure of carbon black

Carbon black particles have a microcrystalline structure . In carbon black, the arrangement of carbon
atoms is similar to graphite , forming a hexagonal plane. Usually 3 to 5 such layers form a microcrystal.
Because of each graphite layer of carbon black microcrystals, In carbon, the arrangement of carbon
atoms is ordered, and the arrangement of carbon atoms between adjacent layers is disordered, so it is
also called quasi-graphite crystal.

2 ) Particle size of carbon black

Particle fineness of the carbon black pigment can be up to 5 nm , in general, carbon black particles are
not isolated, but the plurality of particles is inserted through a carbon crystal layers to each other,
forming chains dendritic . Different production processes can obtain carbon black particles with a wide
range of particle sizes. The products obtained by the lamp black production process are relatively rough,
while the gas black production processes can obtain fine products.

The furnace black production process can be used to obtain carbon black in almost all particle size
ranges. The carbon blacks of the same variety have different particle sizes and present a range of
particle size distributions . In general, the finer particles have a narrower particle size distribution .

4Main properties

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Chemical properties

The carbon black has different production processes, so the surface chemical properties are also
different. The true surface area of most carbon blacks is larger than the geometric surface area
calculated from the particle size . This is due to the existence of many micropores on the surface of
carbon black, especially carbon black with a particle size of less than 25 nm .

According to analysis, groups such as phenol, quinone, and carboxyl groups can be detected on the
surface of carbon black . The concentration of these acidic groups is particularly high on the surfaces of
gas black and oxidation furnace black. The pyrone structure can be detected in the furnace black , which
determines the basic nature of the furnace black. Volatile content can determine the concentration of
surface functional groups, and the polarity of carbon black can also be measured. In addition, due to the
large surface area of carbon black, it is easy to absorb moisture in the volatile environment, so special
attention should be paid to moisture absorption during transportation, storage and use.

Most of them are geometric studies that explore the contact of conductive particles . According to this
theory, the greater the amount of carbon black filled, the greater the density of dispersed carbon black
particles or carbon black particle aggregates , the smaller the average distance between particles, and
the higher the probability of contact with each other, the carbon black particles or carbon The more
conductive paths formed by the black particle aggregate. The greater the polarity of the blend system
composed of polymers of different polarities and carbon black, the greater the critical volume fraction
of carbon black , which means that the conductivity of the system decreases, because the surface of
carbon black contains strong polar groups. The matrix has a large polarity and an enhanced effect. At
this time, the strength increases, but it prevents the conductive particles from aggregating themselves,
resulting in poor conductivity. However, in a blend system composed of a multi-component matrix resin
and carbon black , due to the different polarities of different substrates, segregation occurs in the filled
carbon black . At this time, the conductivity depends on the concentration and distribution of carbon
black particles in the segregation phase The state also depends on the proportion of segregated phase
polymers.carbon black pigment

Blackness

Blackness refers to the intensity with which black appears in carbon black. When carbon black is colored,
the blackness is mainly based on the absorption of light. For a specific concentration of carbon black, the
finer the carbon black, the higher the degree of light absorption. In addition to the light absorption
inside the carbon black, the blackness is also affected by the scattering of light from the particle surface
geometry, which has a brightening effect, which reduces the blackness. As the grain diameter is
reduced, reducing the degree of light scattering. Only for very fine carbon black, increasing the
concentration of carbon black can increase the blackness. For coarse carbon black, the degree of
dominant light scattering increases with the increase of the number of carbon blacks, and the blackness
decreases accordingly.

Tinting strength

The tinting strength can be understood as the effect of offsetting the whitening ability of white
pigments. The coloring strength also increases as the particle size and structure of the primary particles
decrease.

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tone

The degree of light scattering of " carbon black particles " decreases as the particle size decreases. In
addition to affecting the brightness enhancement effect, it also affects the hue for the following
reasons: When light can pass through a coloring layer whose main color is black, the short-wavelength
Blue light has a stronger scattering effect than long-wave red light. The finer the carbon black, the more
pronounced this effect. Because the red light component has a small scattering loss, it penetrates into
the colored layer to a greater depth. The blue light is strongly scattered overall, and the scattering in the
opposite direction, that is, the back is also strong, so it is reflected from the colored layer again. When
observing the reflection process, the appearance of blue hue with fine carbon black coloration will give
people a higher sense of blackness. If the carbon black is coarse, it has a brown hue accordingly. When
observing the transmission process, the hue relationship of the same colored layer (not completely
transparent film) is just the opposite. As the particle size decreases, the stronger the scattered blue light
passes through the colored layer, the less the depth, that is, the blue light passes through the coloring.
The layer to the other side has less composition and penetrates from the other side. Therefore, due to
the lack of a blue light component on the observed side, the colored layer exhibits a brown hue when
viewed during transmission. When using titanium dioxide to adjust the gray (gray tone), the coloration
of the main color is similar to the observation of the main color during transmission. The light is
scattered back and forth in the white pigment in the plastic sheet containing the black pigment. The
smaller the particle size of the carbon black, The stronger the scattering of blue light in visible light, so
more of the remaining red light will be transmitted through it, showing a gray with a yellow hue. On the
contrary, for example, use coarse carbon black for coloring, especially for larger lamps Black, you get
gray with a blue hue.

Dispersion

The finer the pigment black, the more contact points between the carbon black aggregates, and the
stronger the cohesion between them. When the pigment black is added to the material, that is, the
uniform distribution of the initial carbon black begins, the work to be done for dispersion It is large to
separate the carbon black particles, and finally reaches the highest blackness and coloring. Compared
with high-structure carbon black, low-structure carbon black is more likely to reach a high
concentration, but it requires a larger dispersing force during the dispersion process. The dispersibility of
carbon black is affected by the degree of structure. Because high-structure carbon black has good
dispersibility, its coloring strength is naturally strong.

When using powdery carbon black, there will be problems of dispersal and headaches. Therefore, a
masterbatch or slurry can be used .

The price of prefabricated carbon black is higher than the use of pigment black alone. However,
considering the advantages of clean processes, high efficiency, and low technology investment, carbon
black preparations are of value.

Light stability

Light will age plastics, especially ultraviolet light in the sun will accelerate the ageing of plastics.
Combined use of organic UV absorbers and antioxidants can extend life. However, pigment black is still
considered the best UV stabilizer.

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Pigment black is an ultraviolet light absorber, which is mainly used to extend the outdoor service life of
plastic products.

Carbon black with a small particle diameter of 0.5% ( 20nm ) and carbon black with a relatively coarse
particle diameter of 2% ( 95nm ). Almost the same light protection.

Food contact

All colored pigments, including pigments, related to the daily necessities required by the Food Sanitation
Law must meet the required purity standards. First of all, these standards specify the content of heavy
metals in general pigments , the solubility of its components in 0.1n hydrochloric acid (the same as the
acidity of gastric juice), and the content of aromatic ammonia. Subsequently, special standards for the
purity of carbon black were developed, and this standard varies from country to country.

5classification

By production

It is mainly divided into lamp black, gas black, furnace black and groove black.

By use

Carbon blacks are generally divided into carbon blacks for pigments, carbon blacks for rubber,
conductive carbon blacks, and special carbon blacks according to different applications.

Carbon black for pigments — Internationally, according to the coloring ability of carbon blacks, they are
usually divided into three categories, namely high pigment carbon black , medium pigment carbon black
and low pigment carbon black. This classification is usually expressed by three English letters, the first
two letters indicate the coloring ability of carbon black, and the last letter indicates the production
method.

Carbon black for rubber - rubber was originally classified according to the particle size of carbon black,
but later changed by the nitrogen surface area classification. In addition, the factors such as the
vulcanization speed and structure of the carbon black pigment were also taken into account during the
naming, and consisted of 4 systems. The first English letter represents the vulcanization speed of the
rubber compound , N is the normal vulcanization speed, and S is the slow vulcanization speed. The last
three are Arabic numerals. The first number represents the range of carbon black nitrogen surface area,
which is listed as 0 ~ 9 grades. The second and third numbers are designated by the American Materials
Testing Association's D24.41 committee responsible for carbon black and terminology. They reflect
different degrees of structure, that is, the approximate structure of carbon black. It has certain
arbitrariness. In contrast, the larger the number, the higher the structure.

By function

It is mainly divided into reinforced carbon black, colored carbon black, and conductive carbon
black.carbon black pigment

By model

It is mainly divided into N220 , N330 , N550 , N660 , N990 , N110 , N115 , N234 , N326 , N339 , N375 ,
N539 , N550 , N880 and so on.

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6Production Process

Raw materials for the production of pigment carbon black are petroleum products and bituminous coal
tar products. It is formed by incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of hydrocarbons at high temperatures .

1 ) Light black production process

The earliest carbon black production method in history is the lamp black production process. In this
process, the raw materials are burned on a flat burning iron plate with a diameter of up to 1.5m . The
combustion gas containing carbon black is discharged from the bricks inside. The air hood is collected
and then passed through the elbow (bent 1/4 ) and the fire tube to reach the deposition device. In order
to control the characteristics of the produced carbon black, it should be ensured that the raw materials
are mainly incompletely burned near the gap between the combustion disc and the exhaust hood. In the
pipeline that enters slightly, the combustion occurs in the absence of oxygen , resulting in the large-scale
carbon black particles. Due to these reasons, the composition has a wide range of particle size
distribution , which is mainly characterized by coarse particles. Because only a small part of the particles
formed between the combustion disc and the exhaust hood can contact the oxygen in the air, these
carbon blacks have only a small amount of surface oxides, the corresponding pH value is neutral, and
the volatile content is very small.

2) Gas black production process

The name of gas black originates from its production process: the raw material hydrocarbons are first
gasified when heated, and then brought into the burners by a self-ignitable gas (supplying energy) as a
carrier. A large amount of carbon black is emitted by these bat-shaped burners. Generated in a fan-
shaped flame. Because each flame is small and burns in the air, the formation of carbon black is very
different from the lamp black production process (incomplete combustion). Here the carbon black
particles are very fine. According to different types, the average particle diameter is between 10 and 30
nm , and the average particle diameter of gas black is 13 nm . The burning flame is a slowly rotating
water-filled drum. Carbon black is deposited on the drum. After the carbon black is scraped away, the
newly formed carbon black contacts the oxygen in the air when the temperature is still high. Partial
oxidation occurs, and a large number of acidic groups are formed, and the corresponding gas black pH
value is in the acidic range. And can get about 6% of volatiles , representing its surface oxide content.

3 ) Production process of trough black

This production process uses natural gas as the raw material. The process of tank black is similar to the
gas combustion process of gas black production. Natural gas burns and emits many fan-shaped flames.
The product obtained is similar to gas black, except that flat water cooling is used The U -shaped groove
is used as a carbon black deposition groove. For ecological and economic reasons, the use of this
method was stopped many years ago. The production of gas black will not affect the ecological
environment , and this carbon black process of gas method is still in use.

4 ) Furnace black production process

Gas black is produced in an open atmosphere, but furnace black production is carried out in a closed
furnace under anoxic conditions. Not many small fires are used, but a large flame, using oil as raw
material , and adding flammable gas to reach the required temperature in the furnace. By changing the

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process conditions of furnace black production, the required pigment black can be obtained. For
example, under different conditions, carbon black can reach a wide range of average particle sizes , from
80nm to as small as 15nmj , and even as small as particles as small as gas black. However, for the same
particle size, gas black and furnace black are still different, mainly due to different surface chemistry.
Furnace black products are relatively rough, with an average particle size of 40nm . In addition, when
the furnace black production process is used, a small amount of a basic compound or other additives
may be added to change the degree and type of aggregates, thereby obtaining high-structure or low-
structure carbon black.

Because furnace black is produced under almost atmospheric pressure and insufficient air. Therefore,
most of them lack acidic surface oxide, but it was found that the surface of the mentioned basic reaction
of the pyrone structure. The basic pH of furnace black is due to the addition of alkaline earth in jet
quenched cold water and the addition of alkaline salts to reduce the structure when carbon black
formation is terminated. In addition, if this furnace black is not subjected to oxidation post-treatment,
its volatile content is low.

7Review of the development of China's carbon black industry

2000 years ago , with a 5 Wan t carbon black companies with an annual output capacity of only 1 Jia;
2001 end of the year , there were carbon black production enterprise development to 111 Jia , total
production amounted to 120 Wan t . Of which , the production capacity of 5 Wan t a-1? Above (
including 5 Wan a-1?) Enterprise development to 6 Jia; has 5 Wan t carbon black companies with an
annual output capacity of only 1 home. In 2003 , 9 companies were developed, and the country's new
carbon black production capacity was about 38.15 million tons, all from an annual output of 1.15 million
to 210Wan t wet granulation carbon black production line. In 2004 , China's carbon black industry
developed simultaneously with the advancement of the rubber industry. By the end of 2004 , the total
annual production capacity of China's carbon black industry had exceeded 1.6 million tons, and the total
annual output of carbon black reached 1.25 million tons , an increase of 23% over 2003 ; imports were
about 11 . 37 million tons and export about 7.85 million tons, apparent consumption was about 128.52
million tons. It is expected that the growth rate of carbon black demand for rubber in 2005 will
reach 16% , which will require about 1.49 million tons of carbon black , and it is expected that 100,000
tons of carbon black will be imported . As domestic carbon black companies are increasing their export
volume, it is estimated that in 2005 the national carbon black export volume will reach about 100,000
tons, with a growth rate of 17% . In this way, the import and export will be basically flat, and the
domestic carbon black demand should be the actual output. [2]

Global ecology

▪Global warming

▪Greenhouse effect

▪ Desertification

▪Sea level change

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▪Land cover change

▪ Gaia hypothesis

▪ Biosphere

▪Water circle

▪ lithosphere

▪ Biosphere 2 Hao

▪Geological cycle

▪ soil - plant - atmosphere continuum body

▪Net biome productivity

▪Ecosystem Net Exchange

▪Net ecosystem productivity

▪CO2 fertilization effect

▪Carbon density

▪Carbon source

▪Carbon sinks

▪Carbon stock

▪Carbon sequestration

▪Biomass carbon

▪ Soil respiration

▪ carbon dioxide exchange loss

▪Carbon Credit

▪Carbon trade

▪Biomass fuel

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▪Fossil fuel

▪ Aerosol

▪ Carbon Black ▪ greenhouse gases

▪ carbon dioxide

▪Carbon monoxide

▪ A alkoxy

▪ chlorofluorocarbons

▪Sulfur oxides

Carbon black pigment properties of coatings

Does the performance of pigment carbon black affect the coating? The answer is yes! But which
properties of carbon black mainly affect coatings? This should be analyzed slowly based on the
characteristics of carbon black itself.

First of all, the original particle size of carbon black is a major reason. The effect of the original particle
size on the properties of carbon black will not be described in detail. In coatings, the difference in the
original particle size of carbon black mainly affects the coating. The smaller the original particle size, the
higher the blackness value. On the contrary, the larger the original particle size of carbon black, the
higher the blackness value. It is relatively low. This situation is also manifested in relative tinting power.
When making black paint, the original particle size of carbon black is different, which also affects its
dispersibility. Under the same volume, the pigment carbon black with smaller original particle size has a
larger specific surface area. Many, it takes longer time when wetting, which can be summarized as poor
wetting. When dispersing, it is best to choose a dispersant and dispersing equipment with good
performance. Therefore, if the cost is acceptable, it is necessary to use a dispersant and wetting agent
with good dispersing performance as much as possible. Use a high-speed sand mill with excellent
performance. Operation, the carbon black is dispersed to the best, fully reflecting its blackness.

In addition, the surface chemistry of pigment carbon black also has a large impact on the coating.
After post-treatment (chemical oxidation), changing the pH value can increase the chemical adsorption
of oxygen on the surface of pigment carbon black. In practical applications, not only improves the
dispersibility and dispersion stability of pigment carbon black, but also reduces the viscosity of the
product.

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Characteristics and function of water of carbon black pigment

Why are there many black putties and mortar products on the market now? Why can carbon black be
added to putty? What is the role of carbon black in putty? The following is the role of carbon black in
putty and mortar.

The biggest feature of this carbon black is that it can be directly dissolved in water at normal
temperature, because black putty will definitely add water during the later use, so that the carbon black
can be well dispersed inside. Pigment carbon black is an inorganic pigment. It mainly plays a role in
coloring in putty. It can make putty products black, which makes the exterior wall more beautiful, and
more importantly it has strong UV resistance. Can greatly enhance the strength of the putty, making the
color of the putty more beautiful, so adding Terry Carbon Black can make your putty. Mortar, jointing
agent and other products are more competitive in the market.

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