Autumn 2019-20

MIN 106: ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS

Tutorial Sheet 3
Properties of Pure Substances –II

I Explain:
i Compressibility Factor ii Principle of corresponding State
iii Generalized Compressibility Chart.
II A tank contains 0.05 m3 of N2 at -21O C and 10MPa. Determine mass of Nitrogen in kg
i using the ideal gas model ii data from the compressibility chart
Comment on the applicability of the ideal gas model for nitrogen at this state.
(6.685 kg, 6.973 kg)
III For what ranges of pressure and temperature can air be considered an ideal gas?
Explain your reasoning.
IV Determine the temperature, in K, of oxygen (O2) at 250 bar and a specific volume of
0.003 m3/kg using generalized compressibility data and compare with the value
obtained using the ideal gas model.
(308 K, 288.66K)
V The pressure within a 23.3 m3 tank should not exceed 105 bar. Check the pressure
within the tank if filled with 1000 kg of water vapor maintained at 360 O C using the (i)
ideal gas equation of state. (ii) van-der Waals equation of state. (iii) Redlich-Kwong
Equation (iv) compressibility chart (v) steam tables.
(125.34, 103.76, 101.34, 101.496, 100)
VI A rigid tank contains 1 kg of O2 at P1 40 bar, T1 180 K. The gas is cooled until the
temperature drops to 150 K. Determine the volume in the tank, in m 3, and final
pressure, in bar, using (i) the ideal gas equation of state. (ii) Redlich-Kwong Equation
state (iii) compressibility chart
(0.0117 m3, 33.33 bars; 9.418x10-3m3, 30.204 bars; 9.66x10-3 m3, 30.3 bars)
VII A tank with volume 10 m3 is used to store propane at 35 bars and 100O C. Calculate the
mass of gas, in kg, using (a) ideal gas model (b) compressibility chart. If gas is withdrawn
from the tank in an isothermal process, find from the compressibility chart, the pressure
at which half of the original mass as per (b) remains in the tank.
(497.4 kg, 814.1 kg, 22.2 bars)
VIII Calculate the specific volume, in m3/kmol of Nitrogen at 102 bars and -450 C by (i) ideal
gas equation (ii) the virial equation Pv = a +bP + cP2 + dP3. The virial coefficients for
Nitrogen at this temperature are: b = -2.34x10-2, c = 3.61x10-5 and d = 5.18x10-7 where P
is in bars, T is in Kelvin and v is in m3/kmol.
(0.1858 m3/kmol, 0.1715 m3/kmol)
𝜕𝑃 𝜕 𝜕𝑃
IX Using the fact that (𝜕𝑣 ) and(𝜕𝑣 (𝜕𝑣 )) must be zero at the critical point, find the
𝑇 𝑇
constants a and b for the van-der Waal’s equation, in terms of Pc and Tc. Also, find the
value of compressibility factor at the critical point.
𝟐𝟕 𝟏 𝑹𝑻
(𝒂 = 𝟔𝟒 𝑹𝟐 𝑻𝟐𝒄 𝑷 , 𝒃 = 𝟖𝑷𝒄 , 3/8)
𝒄 𝒄
Following data may be used

SUBSTANCE MOLECULAR CRITICAL CRITICAL

WEIGHT TEMPERATURE, K PRESSURE, BARS
AIR 28.97 133 37.7
NITROGEN 28.01 126 33.9
OXYGEN 32 154 50.5
PROPANE 44.09 370 42.7
WATER 18.02 647.3 220.9

Constants for van-der Waals and Redlich – Kwong equations

Water
van-der Waals constants
2
𝑚3 𝑚3
a = 5.531 𝑏𝑎𝑟 (𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙) b =0.0305 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙

Redlich – Kwong Constants

2 2
𝑚3 𝑚3
a = 142.59 𝑏𝑎𝑟 (𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙) 𝐾 1/2 b = 0.02111 𝑏𝑎𝑟 (𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 )

Oxygen

Redlich – Kwong Constants

2 2
𝑚3 𝑚3
a = 17.22 𝑏𝑎𝑟 (𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙) 𝐾 1/2 ; b = 0.02197 𝑏𝑎𝑟 (𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙)