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Issue 01
Date 2019-06-06
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Contents
1 Change History.............................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 5G RAN2.1 01 (2019-06-06)..........................................................................................................................................1
1.2 5G RAN2.1 Draft C (2019-05-10)................................................................................................................................. 1
1.3 5G RAN2.1 Draft B (2019-03-18)................................................................................................................................. 1
1.4 5G RAN2.1 Draft A (2018-12-30)................................................................................................................................. 2
3 Overview......................................................................................................................................... 5
4 Basic Modulation Schemes..........................................................................................................7
4.1 Principles........................................................................................................................................................................ 7
4.2 Network Analysis........................................................................................................................................................... 7
4.2.1 Benefits........................................................................................................................................................................ 7
4.2.2 Impacts.........................................................................................................................................................................7
4.3 Requirements.................................................................................................................................................................. 7
4.3.1 Licenses....................................................................................................................................................................... 7
4.3.2 Software.......................................................................................................................................................................8
4.3.3 Hardware..................................................................................................................................................................... 8
4.3.4 Others...........................................................................................................................................................................8
4.4 Operation and Maintenance............................................................................................................................................8
4.4.1 Data Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 8
4.4.2 Activation Verification................................................................................................................................................ 8
4.4.3 Network Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................... 9
5 DL 256QAM.................................................................................................................................. 10
5.1 Principles...................................................................................................................................................................... 10
5.2 Network Analysis......................................................................................................................................................... 10
5.2.1 Benefits...................................................................................................................................................................... 11
5.2.2 Impacts.......................................................................................................................................................................11
5.3 Requirements................................................................................................................................................................ 11
5.3.1 Licenses..................................................................................................................................................................... 12
5.3.2 Software.....................................................................................................................................................................12
5.3.3 Hardware................................................................................................................................................................... 12
5.3.4 Others.........................................................................................................................................................................12
5.4 Operation and Maintenance..........................................................................................................................................12
5.4.1 Data Configuration.................................................................................................................................................... 12
5.4.1.1 Data Preparation..................................................................................................................................................... 13
5.4.1.2 Using MML Command.......................................................................................................................................... 13
5.4.1.3 Using the CME....................................................................................................................................................... 13
5.4.2 Activation Verification.............................................................................................................................................. 13
5.4.3 Network Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 14
6 Parameters..................................................................................................................................... 15
7 Counters........................................................................................................................................ 16
8 Glossary......................................................................................................................................... 17
9 Reference Documents................................................................................................................. 18
1 Change History
This chapter describes changes not included in the "Parameters", "Counters", "Glossary", and
"Reference Documents" chapters. These changes include:
l Technical changes
Changes in functions and their corresponding parameters
l Editorial changes
Improvements or revisions to the documentation
Technical Changes
None
Editorial Changes
Revised descriptions in this document.
Technical Changes
Change Parameter Change Base Station Model
Description
Editorial Changes
Revised descriptions in this document.
Technical Changes
Change Parameter Change Base Station Model
Description
Editorial Changes
None
This document only provides guidance for feature activation. Feature deployment and feature
gains depend on the specifics of the network scenario where the feature is deployed. To achieve
the desired gains, contact Huawei professional service engineers.
Software Interfaces
Any parameters, alarms, counters, or managed objects (MOs) described in Feature Parameter
Description documents apply only to the corresponding software release. For future software
releases, refer to the corresponding updated product documentation.
3 Overview
In digital communications systems, modulation is the process of varying the amplitude, phase,
or frequency of a carrier signal with a digital baseband signal that contains information,
allowing the information to be transmitted over the carrier signal.
The modulation schemes presented in this document are 3GPP-defined basic functions. For
details, see 5.1 "Modulation mapper" of 3GPP TS 38.211 V15.5.0. The gNodeB and UEs use
a range of modulation schemes in both the uplink and the downlink. In this version, the
following modulation schemes are supported:
l UL π/2-Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK)
l UL/DL Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)
l UL/DL 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16QAM)
l UL/DL 64 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (64QAM)
l DL 256 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (256QAM)
In digital modulation, each symbol carries bits, where N is the number of symbols of
a digital modulation scheme. Modulation schemes of different orders produce different
modulation efficiencies. Higher-order modulation schemes are more efficient. They allow
more bits to be carried per symbol, producing a higher bit rate for a given symbol rate. Table
3-1 lists the number of bits that one symbol can carry with different modulation schemes.
Table 3-1 Number of bits over one symbol in different modulation schemes
Modulation Scheme Number of Bits over One Symbol
π/2-BPSK 1
QPSK 2
16QAM 4
64QAM 6
256QAM 8
A higher-order modulation scheme modulates more bits of information into each modulation
symbol, producing a better overall spectral efficiency for 5G networks. Specifically:
4.1 Principles
Basic modulation schemes include UL π/2-BPSK, UL/DL QPSK, UL/DL 16QAM, and
UL/DL 64QAM. These modulation schemes have no parameter switches and are enabled by
default. The gNodeB selects appropriate modulation schemes during scheduling for uplink
and downlink transmission based on channel conditions.
4.2.1 Benefits
UL π/2-BPSK, UL/DL QPSK, UL/DL 16QAM, and UL/DL 64QAM are basic modulation
schemes and will be used as the baseline for evaluating the performance of other modulation
schemes.
4.2.2 Impacts
Network Impacts
Higher-order modulation schemes produce higher spectral efficiency and boost system
capacity. However, they are more complicated to implement, provide narrower coverage, and
are less resistant to interference.
Function Impacts
None
4.3 Requirements
4.3.1 Licenses
None
4.3.2 Software
Prerequisite Functions
None
4.3.3 Hardware
Boards
All NR-capable baseband processing units support this function. To learn which baseband
processing units are NR-capable, see 3900 Series BBU Technical Specifications or BBU5900
Technical Specifications in 3900 & 5900 Series Base Station Product Documentation.
RF Modules
This function does not depend on RF modules.
4.3.4 Others
UEs must support corresponding modulation schemes.
5 DL 256QAM
5.1 Principles
DL 256QAM
DL 256QAM is an enhancement to downlink basic modulation schemes. This function is
controlled by the NRDUCellAlgoSwitch.Dl256QamSwitch parameter. DL 256QAM is
suitable when networks have good channel conditions in the downlink and it is supported by
the UEs on the network.
Adaptation Between DL 256QAM MCS Index Table and DL 64QAM MCS Index
Table
Adaptation between DL 256QAM MCS index table and DL 64QAM MCS index table is an
enhancement to downlink basic modulation schemes. This function is controlled by the
DL_MCS_TABLE_ADAPT_SW option of the NRDUCellPdsch.DLLinkAdaptAlgoSwitch
parameter. For cell-edge UEs, MCS index determination in DL 256QAM is less accurate than
that in DL 64QAM. After this function is enabled, MCS index tables can be adapted between
DL 256QAM and DL 64QAM:
l If the network has a good downlink quality, the gNodeB selects the MCS index table of
DL 256QAM for UEs that support DL 256QAM to improve downlink spectral
efficiency, thereby increasing downlink throughput for the UEs.
l If the network has a relatively poor downlink quality, the gNodeB selects the MCS index
table of DL 64QAM to maintain an appropriate downlink spectral efficiency for UEs
with a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), thereby improving downlink throughput for the
UEs.
For details about MCS index tables of DL 256QAM and DL 64QAM, see 5.1.3.1
"Modulation order and target code rate determination" of 3GPP TS 38.214 V15.4.0.
5.2.1 Benefits
DL 256QAM
DL 256QAM provides the following improvements over downlink basic modulation schemes:
l Increased downlink spectral efficiency for UEs near the cell center, increasing downlink
throughput
l Increased cell peak throughput in the downlink
It is recommended that DL 256QAM be enabled when good radio environments are present,
as indicated by that DL 64QAM has reached its upper limit of performance (for example, the
proportion of time with MCS index reaching 28 in the downlink exceeds 30%, as indicated by
the value of N.ChMeas.PDSCH.MCS.28/Sum of N.ChMeas.PDSCH.MCS.0 throughout
N.ChMeas.PDSCH.MCS.31 being greater than 30%, in full-day 24 hours). Under such
conditions, the improvement can vary from 0% to 30%. If the preceding conditions are not
met, enabling this function does not produce negative improvement.
Adaptation Between DL 256QAM MCS Index Table and DL 64QAM MCS Index
Table
Adaptation between DL 256QAM MCS index table and DL 64QAM MCS index table
achieves MCS index table adaptation, allowing for a higher downlink throughput than that
obtained with the MCS index table fixed for downlink modulation.
It is recommended that adaptation between DL 256QAM MCS index table and DL 64QAM
MCS index table be enabled when complicated radio environments are present, as indicated
by that DL 64QAM has reached its upper limit of performance and that MCS indexes are
scattered (for example, N.ChMeas.PDSCH.MCS.28/Sum of N.ChMeas.PDSCH.MCS.0
throughout N.ChMeas.PDSCH.MCS.31 is greater than 10% and Sum of
N.ChMeas.PDSCH.MCS.0 and N.ChMeas.PDSCH.MCS.15/Sum of
N.ChMeas.PDSCH.MCS.0 throughout N.ChMeas.PDSCH.MCS.31 is greater than 30%, in
full-day 24 hours). Under such conditions, the improvement can vary from 0% to 30%. If the
preceding conditions are not met, enabling this function does not produce negative
improvement.
5.2.2 Impacts
Network Impacts
Higher-order modulation schemes produce higher spectral efficiency and boost system
capacity. However, they are more complicated to implement, provide narrower coverage, and
are less resistant to interference.
Function Impacts
None
5.3 Requirements
5.3.1 Licenses
Feature ID Feature Name Model Sales Unit
5.3.2 Software
Prerequisite Functions
None
5.3.3 Hardware
Boards
All NR-capable baseband processing units support this function. To learn which baseband
processing units are NR-capable, see 3900 Series BBU Technical Specifications or BBU5900
Technical Specifications in 3900 & 5900 Series Base Station Product Documentation.
RF Modules
This function does not depend on RF modules.
5.3.4 Others
l UEs must support corresponding modulation schemes.
l Cells must be non-SUL cells. This is because SUL cells do not have downlink channels
and do not support DL 256QAM or adaptation between DL 256QAM MCS index table
and DL 64QAM MCS index table.
l N.DL.SCH.256QAM.TB
l N.DL.SCH.256QAM.TB.Retrans
l N.DL.SCH.256QAM.ErrTB.Rbler
6 Parameters
The following hyperlinked EXCEL files of parameter reference match the software version
with which this document is released.
l Node Parameter Reference: contains device and transport parameters.
l gNodeBFunction Parameter Reference: contains all parameters related to radio access
functions, including air interface management, access control, mobility control, and radio
resource management.
NOTE
You can find the EXCEL files of parameter reference for the software version used on the live network
from the product documentation delivered with that version.
FAQ: How do I find the parameters related to a certain feature from parameter
reference?
Step 2 On the Parameter List sheet, filter the Feature ID column. Click Text Filters and choose
Contains. Enter the feature ID, for example, FBFD-020100.
Step 3 Click OK. All parameters related to the feature are displayed.
----End
7 Counters
The following hyperlinked EXCEL files of performance counter reference match the software
version with which this document is released.
l Node Performance Counter Summary: contains device and transport counters.
l gNodeBFunction Performance Counter Summary: contains all counters related to radio
access functions, including air interface management, access control, mobility control,
and radio resource management.
NOTE
You can find the EXCEL files of performance counter reference for the software version used on the live
network from the product documentation delivered with that version.
FAQ: How do I find the counters related to a certain feature from performance counter
reference?
Step 2 On the Counter Summary(En) sheet, filter the Feature ID column. Click Text Filters and
choose Contains. Enter the feature ID, for example, FBFD-020100.
Step 3 Click OK. All counters related to the feature are displayed.
----End
8 Glossary
9 Reference Documents
l MIMO
l 3GPP TS 38.214: "NR; Physical layer procedure for data"
l 3GPP TS 38.211: "NR; Physical channels and modulation"
l Documents in 3900 & 5900 Series Base Station Product Documentation:
– 3900 Series BBU Technical Specifications
– BBU5900 Technical Specifications