University of the Philippines Diliman

Institute of Civil Engineering

ES 12 DYNAMICS OF RIGID BODIES
Course Syllabus1
Second Semester, A.Y. 2018-2019

Course Description: Application of vector mechanics to the kinematics and kinetics of particles and rigid bodies; Newton’s
second law of motion; principle of impulse and momentum; principle of work and energy
Course Goals: After completing this course, a student must be able to
1. Understand the geometry of motion of particles and rigid bodies;
2. Understand Newton’s second law of motion as the basis of the method of force and inertia, the derived principle
of impulse and momentum, and the derived principle of work and energy;
3. Analyze the planar motion of particles and rigid bodies
Pre-requisite : ES 11
Textbook : Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics 10th SI ed. by Beer, Johnston & Cornwell
Additional References : Engineering Mechanics: Dynamics by Bedford & Fowler
Engineering Mechanics: Dynamics SI ed. by Hibbeler
COURSE SCHEDULE
Dates Lec No. Lecture Topic Textbook Sections & Sample Problems Suggested Textbook Problems
FIRST LONG EXAM TOPICS: Kinematics of Particles (Chapter 11)
Introduction, Discussion of Syllabus, Review of ES 11
Jan 15-16 0
Topics
Position, Velocity, and Acceleration; Rectilinear
Jan 15-18 1A Sections: 11.1-11.5; SP: 11.1-11.4 11.8,22,40,46
Motion
Position, Velocity, and Acceleration;
Jan 22-25 1B Curvilinear Motion: Rectangular Components Sections: 11.9-11.11; SP: 11.7-11.8 11.99,102,104,108
(Projectile Motion)
Curvilinear Motion: Tangential and Normal
Jan 29- Feb 1 2 Section: 11.13; SP: 11.10-11.11 11.139,140,145,149
Components
Feb 5-8 3 Relative Motion, Dependent Motion Sections:11.12, 11.6; SP:11.9, 11.5 11.123,131,141,185
SECOND LONG EXAM TOPICS: Kinematics of Rigid Bodies (Chapter 15)
Feb 12-15 4 Rotation and Translation Sections: 15.1-15.4; SP: 15.1 15.26,29,31,33
Feb 16 (Sat) 1st LONG EXAM (6-8 PM)
Feb 19-22 5 Absolute and Relative Velocity in Planar Motion Sections: 15.5-15.6; SP: 15.2-15.3 15.40,50,56,71
Feb 26-Mar 1 6 Instantaneous Center of Velocity in Planar Motion Section: 15.7; SP: 15.4-15.5 15.65,76,80,91

Mar 5-8 7 Absolute and Relative Acceleration in Planar Motion Section: 15.8; SP: 15.6-15.8 15.116,119,123,127

THIRD LONG EXAM TOPICS: Kinetics of Particles and Rigid Bodies I (Chapters 12 , 13, 16 and 17)
Sections: 12.1-12.6;
Mar 12-15 8 Force and Inertia Method for Particle Kinetics 12.13,21,26,59
SP 12.1-12.2, 12.4-12.6
Mar 16 (Sat) 2nd LONG EXAM (6-8 PM)
Mar 19-22 9 Force and Inertia Method for Rigid Body Kinetics Sections: 16.1-16.8; SP 16.1-16.10 16.10,18,109,129
Sections: 13.1-13.8, 13.15;
Mar 26-29 10 Work and Energy Method for Particle Kinetics 13.9,26,61,66
SP 13.1, 13.3-13.4, 13.6-13.7, 13.17
Apr 2-5 11 Work and Energy Method for Rigid Body Kinetics Sections: 17.1-17.6; SP 17.1-17.5, 17.11 17.19,40,44,47
FOURTH LONG EXAM TOPICS: Kinetics of Particles and Rigid Bodies II (Chapters 12 , 13, 16 and 17)
Impulse and Momentum Method for
Apr 9-12 12 Sections: 13.10-13.11; SP 13.10-13.12 13.122,139,144,150
Particle Kinetics
Apr 13 (Sat) 3rd LONG EXAM (6-8 PM)
Apr 23-26 13 Impulsive Motion: Impact Sections: 13.12-13.14; SP 13.13-16 13.157,163,164,172
Impulse and Momentum Method for Sections: 17.8-17.10; SP 17.6-17.8
Apr 30-May 3 14 17.60,72,113,127
Rigid Body Kinetics 17.11-17.12; SP 17.9-17.10
May 7-10 15 Rigid Body Kinetics: Integration of Methods 17.115,120,129,142
May 11 (Sat) 4th LONG EXAM (6-8 PM)
May 22 (Wed) FINAL EXAM (9 AM- 12 NN)
Schedule of Exams: All long exams are scheduled on a SATURDAY, 6-8pm; the following MONDAY, 6-8pm is the automatic fallback schedule in case of
cancellation, unless announced otherwise. No make-up long exam or final exam will be given. Any potential conflict of schedule must be brought to the
attention of the LABORATORY INSTRUCTOR IN WRITING at least one (1) week prior to the scheduled exam.
Holidays: Chinese New Year – Feb 5 (Tue), EDSA People Power Revolution Anniversary – Feb 25 (Mon), Araw ng Kagitingan – Apr 9 (Tue),
Maundy Thursday – Apr 18 (Thur), Good Friday – Apr 19 (Fri), Black Saturday – Apr 20 (Sat), Labor Day – May 1 (Wed)

Last day of Dropping: Apr 11 (Thur)

Instructor: Mathew Harvey T. Peralta Consultation Time/Place: W 1–5 PM; MF 2–5 PM @ ICE 319

1 of 5
1 Adapted from ES 12 Syllabus 9/5/2010 by Resurreccion, et al.
GENERAL CLASS POLICIES
Attendance
Attendance is required. A student who incurs absences of more than 6 meetings (15 hours), whether excused or
unexcused, should drop the course on or before the last day of dropping (April 11, 2019, Thursday). Otherwise,
he/she will be given a grade of 5.0, unless his/her standing is passing AND majority of the FIRST SEVEN incurred
absences are due to valid reasons, in which case he/she will be given a mark of DRP. If the student is absent due
to a valid excuse, supporting documents (e.g. medical certificate) should be submitted to the instructor WITHIN
ONE WEEK of the student’s return to class.

A student is considered absent if he/she arrives 40 minutes after the start of the class and will also be marked
absent on the corresponding lab class. Students must attend both the lab and lecture sections in which they are
officially enlisted.

Course Requirements
This course is divided into two 1-hour lecture meetings and two 1.5-hour lab meetings per week. Students will be
evaluated based on their performance in class work (CW), 14 sets of comprehensive quizzes (CQ), four long exams
(LE), and a final exam (FE) if not exempted.

• Class Work (CW) may mean computational lab exercises, recitation, class participation, homework, problem
sets and/or projects. This requirement depends mainly on the instructor on what he/she deemed to be
necessary for the learning experience of his/her class.

• Comprehensive Quiz (CQ) measures the students’ skills and abilities to use the concepts of dynamics in solving
simple engineering problems. During the second lab meeting of the week, students will be given one problem
to work on (computational lab exercise) for 60 minutes. The remaining 30 minutes of the session will be
devoted for the discussion of the solution to the problem. It is a closed notes, closed books, individual exercise.
A missed CQ for an unexcused absence will result to a grade of ZERO. If the absence is excusable, then the grade
for the missed CQ will not be included in the computation of his/her grade. Only a MAXIMUM of 2 CQs could
be excused for each long exam coverage.
In the case of a take home CQ, the CQ will be uploaded in UVLE on the following Monday (5:00 PM) to be
submitted the following day (Tuesday, 5:00 PM).

• Below are standard instructions that must be strictly followed during long exams:
1. One week before the first long exam, submit all blank answer sheets properly marked and stapled together
at the upper left corner STRICTLY according to the detailed instructions by the instructor. Refer to item 2
for details. Answer sheets must be A4 size white paper. Late submission of answer sheets will result in a
5% deduction in the LE grade for which the answer sheets were submitted late.
2. Make sure to have written your name, student number, section, exam number, and page number on
every answer sheet, all at the upper right corner.
3. Turn all mobile phones and electronic devices OFF during the entire examination period, except one
calculator that is being used. Use of any of these devices during an examination is strictly prohibited.
4. Any form of intellectual dishonesty will be strictly penalized. Refer to the enumerated list of acts of
intellectual dishonesty from the 2012 Code of Student Conduct of UP Diliman on page 3 of this syllabus.
5. Keep all answer sheets stapled together during the entire examination period; otherwise your paper will
NOT be graded.
6. Submit the questionnaire together with your answer sheets. Do NOT unstaple the questionnaire.
7. Use only a blue or black ink pen. Solutions written in pencil or friction, or with correction fluid/tape will
NOT be considered for rechecking.
8. Start the solution to each problem on a new sheet; do not write at the back; and always put a box on your
final answer/s. Solutions written at the back will not be considered for grading.
9. Show clearly all pertinent solutions and state the assumptions made, if any.
10. Complaints/queries will be entertained only within a week after the exam results are returned. The exam
papers will be returned to the students at the start of the class and should be returned to the instructor at
the end of the class. The student must write all complaints/queries in an email addressed to his/her
instructor who will then coordinate with the checker of the exam.
A copy of the answer sheet should be attached to the email.

• The final exam (FE) is a multiple-choice type exam covering all topics.
2 of 5
1 Adapted from ES 12 Syllabus 9/5/2010 by Resurreccion, et al.
Grading System
Pre-Final Grade = 0.72 x LE Ave + 0.18 x CQ Ave. + 0.10 x CW Grade

A student may be exempted from taking the final exam if:

• his/her pre-final grade is 72% or better, AND
• he/she does not have an LE score lower than 60%.

Note: Exemption from taking the final examination is a privilege! If a student is exempted and does not take the final
exam, his/her pre-final grade becomes his/her final grade. If he/she takes the final exam, his/her final grade will
be based on the following formula:
Final Grade = 0.70 x (Pre-Final Grade) + 0.30 x (Final Exam Score)
Note: This is a pass or fail course; no grades of 4.0 will be given. If formally excused for a missed long exam, the student’s
raw final exam score will be substituted into the missed long exam; if unexcused, his/her missed long exam will be
graded as zero. Only one missed exam is allowed to be substituted by the raw final exam score.

Any student who is not exempted and did not take the final exam for VALID reasons will be given a mark of INC if
his/her pre-final grade is passing. Any student with a pre-final grade below 60 and did not take the final exam will
be given a grade of 5.0.

Equivalent Grading Scale

Final Grade Equivalent Grade Final Grade Equivalent Grade

92-100 1.00 72-below 76 2.25
88-below 92 1.25 68-below 72 2.50
84-below 88 1.50 64-below 68 2.75
80-below 84 1.75 60-below 64 3.00
76-below 80 2.00 Below 60 5.00

Intellectual Dishonesty (From Section 14, Article III of the 2012 Code of Student Conduct of UP Diliman)
Intellectual dishonesty is any fraudulent act performed by a student to achieve academic advantage or gain for oneself
or others, including but not limited to:

1. Plagiarism, defined as “the appropriation of another person’s ideas, processes, results or words without giving
appropriate credit”;
2. Fabrication, defined as “making up data or results”; falsification, or “manipulating research materials, equipment,
or processes or changing or omitting data or results such that the research is not accurately represented in the
research record”; distortion and/or destruction of data;
3. Copying or providing the means or accessing means to copy exam answers, homework, laboratory experiments,
term papers etc.; possession and/or use of cheat devices during an examination; allowing another person to take
an examination in one’s name, and/or impersonating another student or allowing someone to impersonate
oneself in an academic activity; and manipulating a corrected exam paper;
4. Submission of the same work in two or more courses without the instructors’ consent;
5. Other acts analogous to 1, 2, 3, and/or 4.

Any student found guilty of committing intellectual dishonesty will automatically be given a grade of 5.0 and will be
penalized in accordance with prevailing university rules and regulations.

DETAILED COURSE OUTLINE: LESSON OBJECTIVES AND TOPICS

Lesson Objectives
Class Sessions After the lecture and laboratory, the students must Topics Textbook Pages
be able to:
FIRST LONG EXAM TOPICS: Kinematics of Particles (Chapter 11)
1. Identify the particle model in a given problem, Discussion of course syllabus and class
2. Define and relate position, displacement, velocity, policies
and acceleration, with time, Fundamental Concepts
3. Classify rectilinear motion into uniform, uniformly • Position, Velocity & Acceleration
Lecture 1A
accelerated, and non-uniformly accelerated, and Rectilinear Motion
pp. 602-618
4. Calculate position, displacement, distance, • Rectilinear Motion of a Particle
velocity, speed, or acceleration for a rectilinear according to Type of Acceleration
motion problem. • Uniform Rectilinear Motion
• Uniformly Accelerated Rectilinear
Motion

3 of 5
1 Adapted from ES 12 Syllabus 9/5/2010 by Resurreccion, et al.
 1. Distinguish curvilinear motion from rectilinear Curvilinear Motion
motion. • Position Vector, Velocity &
Lecture 1B 2. Define and relate position, displacement, velocity Acceleration
and acceleration vectors with time. • Rectangular Components of pp. 643-648
CQ 1 3. Analyze projectile motion in terms of horizontal Velocity and Acceleration
and vertical components. Projectile Motion
1. Define tangential and normal components of Tangential and Normal Components
Lecture 2 acceleration at each position, • Tangential & Normal axes at each
2. Resolve the total acceleration into normal and position of a particle pp. 667-670
CQ 2 tangential components; obtain the total from • Tangential & Normal Components
components of Acceleration
1. Distinguish relative motion from absolute motion, Relative Motion
2. Relate the absolute and relative velocities of two • Motion of Several Particles
pp. 648-649
Lecture 3
particles, and • Motion Relative to a Frame in
3. Relate the absolute and relative accelerations of Translation pp. 619-620
two particles. Dependent Motion
CQ 3
4. Analyze the motion of several particles whose
positions depend upon the position of another
particle
SECOND LONG EXAM TOPICS: Kinematics of Rigid Bodies (Chapter 15)
1. Define a rigid body model Translation (review)
2. Define angular velocity and angular acceleration of • Rectilinear Translation (review)
a rigid body • Curvilinear Translation (review)
3. Relate the velocity of a particle on a rigid body Rotation
undergoing rotation about a fixed axis, with the • Spinning: Rotation about a Fixed
Lecture 4 body’s angular velocity Axis (Centroidal& Non-Centroidal)
pp. 928-934
4. Relate the acceleration of a particle on a rigid body • Equations Defining the Rotation of
CQ 4 undergoing rotation about a fixed axis, with the a Rigid Body about a Fixed Axis
body’s angular velocity and angular acceleration • Equations Defining the Curvilinear
5. Differentiate kinematically the different types of Motion of a Particle in a Rigid Body
plane motion; describe translation, rotation and undergoing Rotation
general plane motion of a rigid body Types of Plane Motion
1. Explain what is meant by saying that general Absolute and Relative Velocity in
plane motion may conceptually be replaced with Planar Motion
Lecture 5
a combination of rotation and translation • Absolute and Relative Velocity in
pp. 944-947
2. Relate the absolute and relative velocities of Plane Motion
CQ 5
various points on a rigid body in plane motion
with the body’s angular velocity
1. Locate the center of rotation of a rigid body at a Instantaneous Center of Velocity in
given instant Planar Motion
Lecture 6
2. Determine angular velocity of a rigid body and • Instantaneous Center of Rotation
pp. 958-960
absolute velocities of various points on the same Method for Velocity Analysis
CQ 6
rigid body in plane motion using the instantaneous
center method
1. Relate the absolute and relative accelerations of Absolute and Relative Acceleration in
Lecture 7 various points on a rigid body in plane motion, with Planar Motion
the body’s angular velocity and angular • Absolute and Relative Acceleration pp. 970-972
CQ 7 acceleration in Plane Motion
2. Perform velocity analysis as needed in (1)
THIRD LONG EXAM TOPICS: Kinetics of Particles and Rigid Bodies I (Chapters 12 , 13, 16 and 17)
1. Explain Newton’s Second Law of Motion and define FORCE AND INERTIA METHOD
the reverse inertia vector • Free Body Diagram
2. Draw the free body diagram (FBD) of a particle and • Effective Force Diagram
its corresponding effective force diagram (EFD) • Newton’s Second Law of Motion
Lecture 8 3. Write the equations of motion with the aid of the • Equations of Motion
FBD = EFD diagrams and use them in solving • Static Friction pp. 696-703
CQ 8 problems involving forces and accelerations • Kinetic Friction
4. Recall the definitions of static friction and kinetic
friction, and their application
5. Apply kinematics, if needed, to complete the
solution of a problem
1. Determine the component effective forces when FORCE AND INERTIA METHOD
the rigid body is kinematically constrained in • Free Body Diagram
a. translation, rectilinear • Effective Force Diagram
b. curvilinear translation • Static Friction & Rolling Motion
c. spinning (fixed-axis rotation), centroidal • Kinetic Friction
Lecture 9 d. spinning (fixed-axis rotation) non-centroidal • Constrained Plane Motion pp. 1042-1048
e. rolling motion • Newton’s Second Law of Motion pp. 1072-1075
CQ 9 f. general plane motion • Equations of Motion
2. Draw the free body diagram (FBD) of a rigid body • System of Rigid Bodies
and its corresponding effective force diagram (EFD)
3. Write the equations of motion with the aid of the
FBD = EFD diagrams and use them in solving
problems involving forces and accelerations

4 of 5
1 Adapted from ES 12 Syllabus 9/5/2010 by Resurreccion, et al.
 4. Recall the definitions of static friction and kinetic
friction, and their application
5. Apply kinematics, if needed, to complete the
solution of a problem
1. Identify situations where conservative forces are WORK AND ENERGY METHOD
acting on the particle • Conservative Forces
2. Calculate the potential energy associated with each • Potential Energy
of the conservative forces
• Kinetic Energy of a Particle
3. Evaluate the kinetic energy of the particle given its
• Conservation of Energy
mass and speed
• Work of a Force
Lecture 10 4. Use the principle of conservation of energy to solve
• Principle of Work & Energy pp. 764-793
problems involving speeds, distances and
conservative forces • Problems involving Inertia, pp. 837-838
CQ 10
5. Calculate the work done on the particle by various Momentum, and/or Energy
commonly encountered forces such as gravity,
spring force, friction and other applied forces
6. Identify forces that do zero work
7. Use the principle of work and energy to solve
problems involving speeds, distance and forces
1. Identify situations where conservative forces are WORK AND ENERGY METHOD
acting on the rigid body • Conservative Forces
2. Calculate the potential energy associated with each • Potential Energy
of the conservative forces • Kinetic Energy of a Particle
3. Evaluate the kinetic energy of the rigid body • Conservation of Energy
4. Use the principle of conservation of energy to solve • Work of a Force
Lecture 11 problems involving speeds, distances and • Principle of Work & Energy
conservative forces • System of Rigid Bodies pp. 1106-1111
CQ 11 5. Calculate the work done on the rigid body by • Problems involving Inertia,
various commonly encountered forces such as Momentum, and/or Energy
gravity, spring force, friction and other applied
forces
6. Identify forces that do zero work
7. Use the principle of work and energy to solve
problems involving speeds, distance and forces
FOURTH LONG EXAM TOPICS: Kinetics of Particles and Rigid Bodies II (Chapters 12 , 13, 16 and 17)
1. Explain the terms of impulse and momentum as IMPULSE AND MOMENTUM METHOD
used in kinetics • Momentum Diagram
2. Draw the momentum diagrams of a particle at two • Impulse Diagram
instants, and its impulse diagram for the
Lecture 12 • Principle of Impulse &Momentum
corresponding time interval
Conservation of Linear Momentum pp. 814-817
3. State the principle of impulse and momentum and
CQ 12
use it in solving problems involving velocities,
forces and time
Determine when the total linear momentum for a
system of particles is conserved
1. Distinguish between impulsive and non-impulsive IMPACT
forces • Impulsive Force; Non-impulsive
Lecture 13 2. Apply the principle of impulse and momentum and Force
the concept of restitution in the analysis of direct • Restitution pp. 831-837
CQ 13 and oblique central impact
• Direct Impact; Oblique Impact
3. Analyze eccentric impact using the principle of
• Eccentric Impact
impulse and momentum
1. Explain the terms of impulse and momentum as IMPULSE AND MOMENTUM METHOD
used in kinetics of plane motion of rigid body • Momentum Diagram
2. Draw the momentum diagrams of a rigid body at • Impulse Diagram
two instants, and its impulse diagram for the • Principle of Impulse & Momentum
corresponding time interval • Conservation of Total Moment of
Lecture 14 3. State the principle of impulse and momentum and Momentum (or Angular pp. 1129-1132
use it in solving problems involving velocities, Momentum) about an axis O
CQ 14 forces and time • System of Rigid Bodies
4. Determine when the total moment of momentum • Impulsive Force; Non-impulsive
(or angular momentum) about an axis at O is Force
conserved • Restitution
Analyze eccentric impact using the principle of • Eccentric Impact
impulse and momentum
INTEGRATION OF METHODS
1. Determine which method will be most appropriate • Rigid Body Plane Motion:
in solving for forces, velocities and accelerations. Translation, Centroidal and Non-
Lecture 15 2. Use a combination of two or three principles in Centroidal Rotation, Rolling
solving complex rigid body kinetics problems. pp. 1147-1149
Motion, Constrained Motion
3. Apply the concepts of rigid body kinematics in • Methods: Force-Inertia Method,
solving complex rigid body kinetics problems. Impulse-Momentum Method,
Impact, Work-Energy Method

5 of 5
1 Adapted from ES 12 Syllabus 9/5/2010 by Resurreccion, et al.