PSYCHOLOGICAL

ACHIEVEMENT TEST

In partial fulfillment of the course Psychometrics I

under Prof. Jovita Cabrera

Macy Kim Diaz Tolorio

BSP IV
 INTRODUCTION

Achievement tests are exams that are designed to determine the degree of
knowledge and proficiency exhibited by an individual in a specific area or set of
areas. An achievement test is sometimes administered as part of the acceptance
process into an educational program or to qualify an individual for employment or
a promotion with a current employer.

In other applications, the achievement test serves as a tool to measure current

knowledge levels for the purpose of placing students in an educational
environment where they have the chance to advance at a pace that is suitable for
their abilities.

TEST STANDARDIZATION

The test conducted of 3rd year Psychology has 100 items consisting The
Different areas in Psychology where being utilized.

A seat apart seating arrangement from each student was done to avoid
cheating. Each was given a set of test questionnaires. The students were given
at least 1 hour and 30 minutes to finish the test.

After getting the raw scores, the mean and standard deviation was taken with a
mean of 47.47 or 47.5 and a standard deviation of 7.97,
A split-half reliability via odd-even scheme was done where odd-numbered
and even-numbered items answered correctly by each student were segregated
to apply Pearson Product Moment Correlation (Rxy=∑xy/(N)(SD1)(SD2)) and
then the Spearman Brown Correlation (R=2Rxy/1+Rxy)) to ensure the test’s
reliability.

Then an item analysis was done to discard questions that is either too
easy or too difficult, accepting only items with P indexes ranging from 0.4-0.9
and D indexes ranging from 0.4-0.8, cutting down the original 100 item to 45
items.

The mean of the revised test 24.73 with a standard deviation of 8.49
placing individuals scoring from 16.24 to 33.22 to the average levels and others
scoring further to the left as below average and individuals scoring further to the
right as above average individuals.

By applying the split-half reliability via odd-even scheme to the new set of
items), then using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Spearman
 Brown Correlation to the new data the obtained Rxy of the revised test is 0.84
and the R as 0.91.

Comparing it to the original test’s Rxy of 0.71 and R of 0.83, the revised
test has a higher reliability.

Though longer tests are more reliable, the revised and shorter test that
went through item analysis is now more reliable than the original and longer one.
Mean and Standard Deviation of the Sample Group

STUDENT X x-x x²
A 38 -9.5 90.25
B 50 2.5 6.25
C 42 -5.5 30.25
D 58 10.5 110.25
E 45 -2.5 6.25
F 58 10.5 110.25
G 35 -12.5 156.25
H 53 5.5 30.25
I 40 -7.5 56.25
J 52 4.5 20.25
K 58 10.5 110.25
L 58 10.5 110.25
M 42 -5.5 30.25
N 39 -8.5 72.65
O 44 -3.5 12.25
∑=712 ∑=951.72
x=712/15 SD=√951.72/15
=47.47 =7.97

Mean = 47.47
SD = 7.97
Median = 46.5
Mode = 58
 SPLIT-HALF RELIABILITY OF THE ORIGINAL TEST

Computation of Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient

x y x-x y-y x² y² xy
19 19 -5.7 -3.8 32.49 14.44 21.66
23 27 -1.7 4.2 2.89 17.64 -7.14
22 20 -2.7 -2.8 7.29 7.84 7.56
28 30 3.3 7.2 10.89 51.84 23.76
26 19 1.3 -3.8 1.69 14.44 -4.94
28 30 3.3 7.2 10.89 51.84 23.76
19 16 -5.7 -6.8 32.49 46.24 38.76
26 27 1.3 4.2 1.69 17.64 5.46
24 16 -0.7 -6.8 0.49 46.24 4.76
27 25 2.3 2.2 5.29 4.84 5.06
29 29 4.3 6.2 18.49 38.44 26.66
27 31 2.3 8.2 5.29 67.24 18.86
25 17 0.3 -5.8 0.09 33.64 -1.74
23 16 -1.7 -6.8 2.89 46.24 11.56
24 20 -0.7 -2.8 0.49 7.84 1.96
∑=370 ∑=342 ∑=133.35 ∑=466.40 ∑=176
x=370/15 y=342/15 SD1=√133.35/15 SD2=√466.40/15
=24.67 / 24.7 =22.80 =2.98 =5.58
Rxy = ∑xy / (N) (SD1) (SD2)
= 176.06 / (15) (2.98) (5.58)
= 176.06 / 249.43
= 0.71

SPEARMAN-BROWN CORRELATION OF THE ORIGINAL TEST

R = 2 Rxy / 1+Rxy
= (2) 0.71 / 1+ 0.71
= 0.83

*The observed value of r is 0.71 which is greater than the tabled value of o.51 at .
05 level of significance using 13 degrees of freedom. The test has a high
correlation, meaning it is reliable.
ITEM ANALYSIS OF THE ORIGINAL TEST
ITEM U M L P D
1 0 0 0 0 0
2 5 3 5 1 0
3 4 4 3 0.70 0.20
4 3 2 1 0.40 0.40
5 4 5 4 0.80 0
6 2 1 2 0.40 0
7 2 5 3 0.50 -0.20
8 0 1 1 0.10 -0.20
9 0 0 0 0 0
10 1 0 2 0.30 -0.20
11 1 1 1 0.20 0
12 3 2 0 0.30 0.60
13 3 5 3 0.60 0
14 0 1 2 0.20 -0.40
15 4 4 3 0.70 0.20
16 5 3 1 0.60 0.80
17 3 2 2 0.50 0.20
18 5 3 3 0.80 0.40
19 5 5 5 1 0
20 2 1 0 0.20 0.40
21 1 0 0 0.10 0.20
22 3 3 1 0.40 0.40
23 1 3 5 0.60 -0.80
24 5 3 4 0.90 0.20
25 2 2 4 0.60 -0.40
26 1 2 1 0.20 0
27 4 5 4 0.80 0
28 4 4 2 0.60 0.40
29 3 2 1 0.40 0.40
30 2 1 2 0.40 0
31 4 4 3 0.70 0.20
32 4 3 1 0.50 0.60
33 4 4 1 0.50 0.60
34 2 2 2 0.40 0
35 0 0 0 0 0
36 3 2 3 0.60 0
37 4 1 4 0.80 0
38 1 1 2 0.30 -0.20
39 0 0 0 0 0
40 2 3 2 0.40 0
41 4 2 4 0.80 0
42 0 0 0 0 0
43 2 1 0 0.20 0.40
44 3 2 0 0.30 0.60
45 3 1 0 0.30 0.60
46 1 1 0 0.10 0.20
47 2 2 1 0.30 0.20
48 3 3 3 0.60 0
49 3 2 3 0.60 0
50 4 4 2 0.60 0.40
51 1 0 1 0.20 0
52 1 3 2 0.30 -0.20
53 0 1 2 0.20 -0.40
54 5 4 3 0.80 0.40
 MEAN AND STANDARD DEVIATION OF THE REVISED TEST

STUDENT X x-x x²
A 12 12.27 150.55
B 24 10.27 105.47
C 9.27 85.93
D 9.27 85.93
E 8.27 68.39
F 5.27 27.77
G 2.27 5.15
H 0.27 0.07
I -2.73 7.45
J -3.73 13.91
K -7.73 59.75
L -8.73 76.21
M -9.73 94.67
N -11.73 137.59
O -12.73 162.05
∑=371 ∑=1080.89
x=371/15 SD=√1080.89/15
=24.73 =8.49

Mean = 24.73
SD = 8.49
 REVISED TEST (SPLIT-HALF RELIABILITY)

x y x-x y-y x² y² xy
4 8 -8.13 -3.73 66.09 13.91 30.32
12 12 -0.13 0.27 0.02 0.07 0.04
9 12 -3.13 0.27 9.80 0.07 -0.85
18 17 5.87 5.27 34.46 27.77 30.93
12 11 -0.13 -0.73 0.02 0.53 0.09
16 16 3.87 4.27 14.98 18.23 16.52
6 7 -6.13 -4.73 37.58 23.37 28.99
16 17 3.87 5.27 14.98 27.77 20.40
10 4 -2.13 -7.73 4.54 59.75 16.46
17 13 4.87 1.27 23.72 1.61 6.18
16 15 3.87 3.27 14.98 10.70 12.65
19 16 6.87 4.27 47.20 18.23 29.33
7 7 -5.13 -4.73 26.32 22.37 24.26
10 7 -2.13 -4.73 4.54 22.37 10.07
10 14 -2.13 2.27 4.54 5.15 -4.84
∑=182 ∑=176 0.05 0.05 ∑=303.77 ∑=250.01 ∑=220.55
x=193/15 y=179/15 SD1=√275.78/15 SD2=√294.87/15
=12.13 =11.73 =4.5 =4.1

PEARSON PRODUCT MOMENT CORRELATION OF THE REVISED TEST

Rxy = ∑xy / (N) (SD1) (SD2)
= 220.55 / (15) (4.5) (4.1)
= 220.55 / 276.75
= 0.80

SPEARMAN BROWN CORRELATION OF THE REVISED TEST

R = 2 Rxy / 1+Rxy
= (2) 0.80 / 1+ 0.80
= 0.89
 TEST ADMINISTRATION

The test takers should be seated a seat apart from one another to
minimize cheating.

The test has 45 items and the examiners should be given 1 hour to
finish the test.

Each student should be given with his/her own set of

questionnaires and is instructed to shade the letter that corresponds to the
correct answer from a set of choices on an answer sheet.

Only a pen should be allowed in answering the test.

This test is intended only for 3rd year Psychology major students.

When all the materials and conditions needed are set, the instructor may begin
conducting the test