Name: ALYSA R.

MALIGAYA Year/ Section: BSBA – HRDM

Professor: MR. DERICK D. DE GUZMAN

1. Make a Venn Diagram to show the differences and similarity/ies of nation

and state.

NATION STATE
> population having a
> It exercises authority
common language and > Nation and state over a specific
literature, a common are closely related population, called its
tradition and history, because it is citizens
common customs, and a nationalism that > It governs a specific
common consciousness facilitates state
of rights and wrongs, territory
formation
inhabiting a territory of > States become > It has a structure of
a geographic unity independent and government that crafts
> An “imagined sovereign because various rules that
community” of nationalist people follow
> It is limited because it sentiment that
does not go beyond a clamors for this > It has sovereignty over
given “official independence its territory
boundary”
2. List down all the persons mentioned in Lesson 3 of the book, then
enumerate their respective contributions.

Persons Contributions
1. Immanuel Kant > First major thinker of liberal
internationalism
> Likened states in a global system to
people living in a given territory
> Thought of creating/requiring a
government (world government) among
states to prevent lawlessness like that of
people living together
Kant developed his moral philosophy in
three works:
> Groundwork of the Metaphysic of
Morals (1785)
> Critique of Practical Reason (1788)
> Metaphysics of Morals (1797)
In Groundwork, Kant' tries to convert our
everyday, obvious, rational knowledge of
morality into philosophical knowledge.
2. Jeremy Bentham > Coined the term “international” in 1780
> Advocated the creation of
“international law” that would govern
inter-state relations
 > Believes that global legislators should
create laws that would create “the
greatest happiness of all nations taken
together”
3. Giuseppe Mazzini > Believed in a Republican government
and proposed a system of free nations
that cooperated with each other to create
an international system
> Argued that if the various Italian mini-
states could unify, one could unify, one
could scale up the system to create, for
example, a United States of Europe
> Believes that free, unified nation-states
should be the basis of global cooperation
> Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian
revolutionary. Born in Genoa in 1807, he
become a member of the secret society
of the carbonari. ... Mazzini believed that
God had intended nations to be the
natural unit of mankind. So Italy could not
continue to be a patchwork of small
states and kingdoms.
4. Woodrow Wilson > Forwarded the principle of self-
determination
> Belief that the world’s nations had a
right to a free, and sovereign government
> Became the most notable advocate for
the creation of the League of Nations
a. Aimed to be a venue for
conciliation and arbitration
to prevent another war
b. Failed due to the breakout
of World War II (between
Axis Powers and Allied
Powers)
c. Despite its failure, it gave
birth to IOs that are still
around today, i.e., World
Health Organization (WHO),
 and the International Labor
Organization (ILO)
d. Considered as
concretization of the
concepts of liberal
internationalism

> Promoting the study of public

administration in American universities
and arguing for the implementation of
administrative methods in American
government.

5. Karl Marx > His followers concretized his vision by

establishing their international
organization, Socialist International (SI)
◦ Union of European socialist
and labor parties
established in Paris
◦ Notable achievements are:
(1) declaration of May 1 as
Labor Day, (2) creation of an
International Women’s Day,
and (3) 8-hour workday

> He authored the famous Marxist theory

of historical materialism. One of the most
important contributions of Karl Marx is
his theory of historical materialism. It is
stated most comprehensively in Die
Deutsche Ideologie.
(The German Ideology), a set of
manuscripts co-authored by Marx and
Friedrich Engels in 1846.
6. Vladimir Lenin > Led a revolutionary government called
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)
a. Exhorted revolutionary
“vanguard” practices to lead
the revolution across the
 world, using methods of
terror if necessary.
> Established Communist International
(Comintern)
b. Served as the central body
for directing Communist
parties all over the world
c. Less democratic than SI
because it followed the top-
down governance of the
Bolsheviks
d. Re-established as
Cominform (Communist
Information Bureau)
> He served as head of government of
Soviet Russia from 1917 to 1922 and of
the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1924.
Under his administration, Russia and then
the wider Soviet Union became a one-
party communist state governed by the
Russian Communist Party.
7. Napoleon Bonaparte >Believed in spreading the principles of
French revolution (liberty, equality, and
fraternity) to the rest of Europe
> Ended Napoleon’s mission to spread his
liberal code across Europe
> Led to the creation of Concert of Europe
to restore the Westphalian system
> It is an alliance of “great powers” – UK,
Austria, Russia, and Prussia – that sought
to restore a world of monarchical,
hereditary, and religious privileges of the
time before the French Revolution and
the Napoleonic Wars
> An alliance that sought to restore the
sovereignty of the states
>He implemented the Napoleonic Code
that forbade birth privileges, encouraged
freedom or religion, and promoted
meritocracy in government service
8. Metternich System (Concert of > Named after Klemens von Metternich,
Europe) who was the main architect of the system
> Lasted only until 1914, at the dawn of
World War I