important and frequently used 0-1.99 Strongly acidic procedures in Biochemistry. 2-4.99 Moderate acidic Confirmation and functions o 5-6.99 Weakly acidic biomolecules are affected by: 7 Neutral 7.01-9.00 Weakly Basic Hydrogen, hydroxyl ion and 9.01-12.00 Moderate Basic aqueous environment 12.01-14.00 Strongly Basic Intracellular and extracellular fluids of living organisms=different pH Saliva 6.80 Weakly pH (puissance ‘ hydrogen )(power of acidic hydrogen) by Sorenen Aspirin 2.95 Moderate convinent way of expressing the acidic Baking 8.75 Weakly exact acidity and basicity of a Soda Basic solution Vinegar 2.73 Moderate In aqueous solution Acidic acidic properties are due to Milk of hydrogen ions H+ or Magnesia hydronium ions 1M 7.06 Weakly Albumin Basic Blood 7.35- Weakly Indicators are usually complex 7.45 Basic organic compound that are of one Urine 5.85 color if the hydrogen ion concentration is above a certain value and of a diff color if it lower PREPARATION Of Buffer Eg. pH paper indicators 1.) 100 ml of acetate buffer Solution pH meter - electrical instrument ( for from 0.1 M acetic acid and Sodium precise results) Acetate 25°C pH= 7 (neutral) pH=<7 acidic pKa 4.73 pH=>7 basic pH 5.22 Buffer solution = mixture of weak 2.) Measure the volume of th reagents acid and its conjugate base, or a in Graduated Cylinder weak base and its conjugate acid. 3.) Mix in a 100ml Volumetric Flask Ability to resist sudden changes in 4.) If the measured pH deviates from pH the assigned value more than 0.10 , BIOCHEMISTRY (Lab)
add drop wise either 0.1M HCL or
0.1 M NaOH to bring the buffer -/+ 0.05 of the desired pH( 5.22) in the first method, prepare a solution with an acid and its conjugate base by How does such pH remain constant? dissolving the acid form of the buffer in about 60% of the volume of water ph remains constant because of required to obtain the final solution buffer. Buffered maintains the pH of volume. Then, measure the pH of the solution using a pH probe. The pH can solution by adjusting the direction of be adjusted up to the desired value their chemical reaction. using a strong base like NaOH. If the buffer is made with a base and its Why is it important that the pH body conjugate acid, the pH can be adjusted fluids like blood remain virtually using a strong acid like HCl. Once the constant? pH is correct, dilute the solution to the final desired volume. impairment of these transporters causes dysfunction of cells, diseases, Alternatively, you can prepare solutions of both the acid form and base form of and a decrease in physical the solution. Both solutions must contain performance associated with the same buffer concentration as the abnormal pH. Additionally, it is concentration of the buffer in the final known that fluid pH in the solution. To get the final buffer, add one solution to the other while monitoring the interstitial space of metabolic pH. tissues is easily changed due to little pH buffering In a third method, you can determine the exact amount of acid and conjugate COMPUTATION base needed to make a buffer of a certain pH, using the Henderson- pKa: A quantitative measure of the Hasselbach equation: strength of an acid in solution; a weak acid has a pKa value in the pH=pKa+log([A−][HA]) approximate range −2 to 12 in water and a strong acid has a pKa value of Sodium acetate, less than about −2. CH₃COONa, also abbreviated NaOAc, is the sodium salt of acetic acid. This colorless Buffer solutions are resistant to pH deliquescent salt has a wide range of uses. change because of the presence of an Wikipedia equilibrium between the acid (HA) and its conjugate base (A–). The balanced equation for this reaction is: Formula: C2H3NaO2 HA⇌H++A− BIOCHEMISTRY (Lab)
Molar mass: 82.0343 g/mol
IUPAC ID: Sodium acetate
Boiling point: 881.4 °C
Density: 1.53 g/cm³
Soluble in: Water
Acetic acid
Chemical compound
DescriptionAcetic acid, systematically
named ethanoic acid, is a colourless liquid organic compound with the chemical formula CH₃COOH. When undiluted, it is sometimes called glacial acetic acid. Vinegar is no less than 4% acetic acid by volume, making acetic acid the main component of vinegar apart from water. Wikipedia