Académique Documents
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Presented by
Onuma Wongsangam
(st 104032)
Introduction
1
Operation principle
2
Factors affecting
2. Surface temperature
3. Film thickness
3
Classification of Drum Dryers
1. Single-Drum Dryer
2. Double Drum Dryer
3. Twin Drum Dryer
Feeding systems
4
Direction
of turning of a twin or double drum unit
Pressure
surrounding the product
A) Atmosphere
– Most commonly used in food industry.
B) Vacuum
– Used only when product is heat
sensitive.
5
Single drum dip feed
pan feed
6
Single drum splash feed
KNIFE
KNIFE KNIFE
7
Twin drum with top feed
KNIFE KNIFE
KNIFE KNIFE
8
Vacuum drum dryer
Material of construction
A) Steel
B) Alloy steel
C) Stainless steel
D) Cast iron
E) Chrome, or nickle plated steel
9
The rate of moisture removal (dw/dt)
Influenced by
– The overall heat transfer coefficient (U)
– Latent heat of evaporation of water (L)
– Surface area of the roller needed for
drying(A)
– Mean temperature difference between
the roller surface and the product (∆T)
Design parameters
The rate of moisture removal (dw/dt)
dw = UA∆T
dt L
1 = 1 + X
U hp kp
10
hp = heat transfer coefficient from
drum surface to drying food
(J/m2 s ˚ C)
X = film thickness
Kp = Thermal conductivity of food
(J/m s ˚ C)
Production rate :
high accumulation
11
Increase product solid
Drum dryer
12
Double drum dryer
13
Problems of drum drying
Example
14
Solution ;
1. The production rate of 35 kg product/hr corresponds
to :
35 kg product X 0.93 kg solids
hr kg product
= 32.55 kg solids
hr
2. The feed rate :
= 32.55 kg solids/hr
0.18 kg solids/ kg product
= 180.83 kg product feed/hr
15
Special techniques for drum
drying various foods
Provision of high velocity air flow countercurrent
to the drum rotation.
A chilled air blast was directed on the product
just preceding the doctor blades.
Variable speed take-off rolls were installed and
driven.
Low humidity air was supplied to the peeling
zone and to the product collection area.
16
Production of Potato Flakes
17
DEHYDRATED POTATO
FLAKES by Drum Dryer
18
References :
Christopher G.J. Baker. Industrial drying of foods.
Blackie academic & professional Chapman &
Hall. UK. 1997.
Frank H. Slade. Food processing plant. Leonard hill
books. London. 1967.
Peter fellows. Food processing technology :
principle and practice. Ellis Horwood Ltd.,
Chichesters, England. 505 p. 1988.
Wallace B. Van Arsdel, Michael J. Copley and
Arthur I. Morgan, J.R. Food dehydration. West
port, connecticut. The AVI publishing company,
Inc.1973.
Thank you
19