PART II.

ANALYZING TEST ITEMS

Processing Comprehension Item

1. The classroom is a venue where teachers and learners discuss the problems of human life
and society, where both are given the opportunity to choose solutions. What
contemporary philosophy is illustrated in the above statement?
A. Reconstructionalism C. Existentialism
B. Pragmatism D. Essentialism

 The item would require students’ mastery of the different philosophies of education

Option A - can be accepted because reconstructionalism is a contemporary philosophy and deals on

society’s needs and problems.

Option B - could be a possible answer because Pragmatism is a very practical approach to individual
and society’s problems, however, it is classical and not a contemporary philosophy

Option C - It’s the right answer because, it belongs to contemporary philosophy and deals with
problems and solutions for which students are encouraged to choose the best possible
solutions.

Option D - Essentialism is a contemporary philosophy but quite conservative in its approach, and
therefore would not allow freedom of choice of the students.

Analysis
2. Which statement is not relevant to the implementing guidelines for the policy of bilingual
education?
A. Filipino shall be used in teaching Filipino, Social Sciences, Work Education, and
Physical Education.
B. Bilingual Education is the use of Filipino and English in separate subject areas.
C. Both English and Filipino shall be taught as language subjects in all levels of
education.
D. English and Filipino shall not be used as media of instruction in Grades I and II
because the vernacular shall be used in these grade levels.

 The item requires students’ knowledge and understanding of the legal foundations of education,
particularly bilingualism policy

Analysis
Option A - Is found in the policy guidelines of bilingual education. There are subjects that are really
assigned to be taught in Filipino.

Option B - Is also one of the items in the bilingual policy. That there are subjects to be taught in
Filipino and the rest shall use English.

Option C - Is done in all schools at all levels. English is taught as a subject and so with Filipino.

Option D - Is not correct, and therefore it is the best answer. Even Grades I and II are included in the
policy guidelines for bilingual education, no exception.

PART III. PROCESSING MORE ITEMS

Items on Knowledge and Understanding Concepts and Principles

1. Which of the following statements expresses the concept of Pragmatism?

A. The physical world as it appears to our senses is the real world.
B. The only test of truth is what works best and what ideas can be used to solve problems.
C. Emphasis in the natural sciences as a dependable source of scientific knowledge.
D. Believes in the reality of spirit, mind, the souls, and ideas.
2. The most popular among the pragmatism is
A. John Dewey C. Edward Thorndike
B. William James D. Amos Comenius
3. Which of these statements makes the plight of the teachers miserable?
A. Has to prepare lesson plans and instructional materials
B. Has to teach a class in a jam-packed room for the whole day.
C. Has to attend in-service trainings such as seminars and workshops.
D. Has to do some tasks not related to teaching.
4. What concept of education makes every individual a useful citizen to the state?
A. Conformity C. Humanitarianism
B. Security D. Utilitarianism
5. What was the aim of education during the Japanese occupation?
A. To help Asian brothers like the Filipinos
B. To eradicate reliance on western countries
C. To promote nationalism and patriotism
D. To make Asians supreme in the world
6. How did the early Filipinos learn the rudiments of domestic work?
A. Scientific method C. Show and tell me
B. Trial and error D. Experimental method
7. Who had the most barbaric and inhumane educational system during the Ancient Period?
A. Athenian C. Roman
B. Egyptian D. Spartan
 8. That area of philosophy which deals on the nature of knowledge and the best methods of teaching
is
A. epistemology C. metaphysics
B. ethics D. aesthetic
9. Which of these schools of thought has the greatest impact on Philippine Education?
A. Idealism C. Pragmatism
B. Naturalism D. Reconstructionalism
10. What right of a teacher upholds his freedom to discuss topics within his field of expertise without
fear of being persecuted?
A. Right of Suffrage C. Right to grow professionally
B. Academic Freedom D. Freedom of Speech
11. That document which embodies the teacher’s duties and responsibilities as well as proper
behavior in performing them
A. The Code of Ethics for Teachers
B. The Magna Carta for Public School Teachers
C. The Bill of Rights
D. The Philippine Constitution of 1987
12. Which is the most recent concept in the field of education which concerns the whole world?
A. Technology Education C. The Global Education
B. School of the Future D. Values Regeneration
13. One of the medieval concepts of education which emphasized military training as well as social
and etiquette training.
A. Monasticism C. Humanism
B. Scholasticism D. Chivalric
14. Who popularized the concept of Scholasticism?
A. Rousseau C. Piaget
B. Anselm D. Montessori
15. The law which mandates the use of English in teaching Communication Arts in English, Math
and Science, and the rest of the subjects in Filipino is
A. Education Act of 1982 C. Batas Pambansa
B. Bilingual Policy of 1974 D. The Constitution of 1987

Items on Application of Concepts and Principles in True-to-Life Situations

16. Mr. Melendrez, a retirable teacher, is still actively attending in-service training. What do you
think is the best reason for her action? For
A. social recognition C. salary increase
B. professional growth D. higher pension
17. The New Society had initiated so many changes in our present educational system. What caused
these changes?
A. Redirection of the objectives of education
B. Teaching of the basics in the elementary level
C. Inclusion of values education in the curriculum
D. Use of new methods of teaching
18. What can a family do which other social constitutions cannot?
 A. Teach the duties of citizenship C. Give first lessons in reading
B. Build character traits of the kids D. Perpetuation of human race
19. Which would result to effective and meaningful learning through acculturation?
A. Justin learned Australian culture through reading
B. Mia learned about Aussie culture by watching a film.
C. Kenken knew about Australian culture when he lived in Australia for a while.
D. Vina learned Australian culture through the internet.
20. The New Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) is one of the best achievements of the present
education system which is addressed to
A. Socio-economic and moral development.
B. Self and social realization.
C. Critical thinking and creative development.
D. Civic, intellectual, and character development.
21. Regardless of race, faith, age, status and sex, man has a space in a world society where he is
expected to interact with peoples of the world. What thrust of global education is this?
A. Social justice for all C. Peace for all
B. Balance and healthful environment D. Dignity and human worth
22. Mr. Rosal, an outstanding teacher of Region IV, has a constant about with asthma. Which would
be affected if he insists on teaching?
A. Punctuality C. Self-Discipline
B. Efficiency D. Self-realization
23. The Christians Education system which saved the world from moral decay was introduced by
A. Thomas Aquinas C. Jesus Christ
B. Martin Luther D. Edward Thorndike
24. The New Society initiated so many changes in our present educational system. Which of the
following caused these changes?
A. Redirection of the objectives of education
B. Teaching of the basics in elementary level
C. Inclusion of values education in the curriculum
D. Use of new methods of teaching
25. Ms. Amores makes use of very short but inspiring stories from the Bible before she begins her
Monday lesson. This can be likened to
A. story telling C. disputations and debate
B. parable method D. experiential method
26. The secondary schools provide activities to develop social grace among the students by having
J.S. Prom, graduation ball, and acquaintance party. What philosophy is emphasized by this
practice?
A. Aesthetics C. Ethics
B. Axiology D. Metaphysics
27. Prof. Santos, a science instructor, utilizes a method which calls for testing, verification, and
investigation. What method is this?
A. Observation and participation C. Debate and disputation
B. Lecture and discussion D. Scientific method
28. Before students graduate from their chosen courses, they are required to experience actual field
work or apprenticeship. What is the term for this at present?
A. Assistanceship C. Work Practice
B. Internship D. Field work
29. An Education student is required to take Education 1, 2, and 3 first before taking higher
professional courses. What philosophy is behind this practice?
A. Existentialism C. Essentialism
B. Progressivism D. Reconstructionism
30. Dr. Ramos always advises his students to be loyal to his family, school and country. This is the
idea of
A. Idealism C. Pragmatism
B. Realism D. Naturalism
31. Ms. Tolentino always consults with her students whenever the class will have an activity. She is
showing that she is
A. a pragmatist C. a perinnialist
B. an essentialist D. an existentialist
32. If you are a progressivist, which method of teaching would you use for your class in social
science?
A. Lecture and discussion C. Socialized recitation
B.Question-answer D.Round table discussion
33. Republic Act No. 7836 otherwise known as the Licensure Examination for Teacchers is required
for those who are engaged in teaching in
A. all public and private elementary and secondary schools.
B. all public elementary and secondary schools.
C. all private elementary and secondary schools.
D. all public colleges and universities
34. Religion shall be allowed only to be taught in public schools if
A. the children are Roman Catholic.
B. the teachers are ones conducting religion.
C. there is a written parent permit for their children to attend religion.
D. the children voluntary attend religion class.
35. Why is it necessary for a teacher to broaden her cultural and professional interests?
A. For self-realization C. For ranking purposes
B. For social recognition D. For maximum efficiency
36. What was the latest subject area added to the New Secondary Program (NSDP)
During President Aquino’s administration?
A. Technology Education C. Science and Health
B. Values Education D. Humanities Course
37. Ms. Calma is a graduate of BS Nursing. She wanted to teach in school.What should
She do toqualify?
A. Take MA degree in Science C. Take 21 units of education
B. Teach in a private school D. Accept tutorialservice
38. What is the emphasis of the present science programs?
A. Theory oriented C. Research
 B. Discipline D. Technology
39. Mr. Herrera, a principle, is very much concerned about his teacher’s manner of delivering lessons.
This is
A. metaphysics C. axiology
B. epistemology D. aesthetic
40. When the child is born, he has a mind likened to a blank sheet. As he grows up, knowledge and
experiences are poured in it. Who is the proponent of this theory?
A. John Locke C. Johann Herbert
B. Herbert Spencer D. Montimer Adler

KEY TO WINDOWS ON HISTORICAL, PHILOSOPHICAL,

ETHICAL-LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION

1. B 11. A 21. D 31. D

2. A 12. C 22. B 32. C
3. D 13. D 23. C 33. A
4. D 14. B 24. A 34. C
5. B 15. B 25. B 35. D
6. C 16. B 26. C 36. B
7. D 17. A 27. D 37. C
8. A 18. D 28. B 38. D
9. C 19. C 29. C 39. B
10. B 20. D 30. A 40. A

REFERENCES

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Gualdo, Rosendo S. Ethics Basic Concepts and Contemporary Moral Issues. Valenzuela City, Mutya
Publishing House. 2000

Merill, Franciss E. Society and Culture: An Introduction to Sociology. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
Prentice Hall, 1969.

Tangco, Maura G. Foundations of Education II (Historical, Philosophical, and Legal Foundations of

Education. 1997.

Travers, Paul D. Foundation of Education, Boston. Allyn and Bacon, 1995.

Van Scotter, Richard D. Foundations of Education. Englewood Cliffs. New York. Prentice Hall Inc., 1975
Wilds, Lemer and Kenneth Lattich, The Founadation of Modern Education. New York: Holt, Rinchart
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William, Edmund D. Sociology, The New Synthesis. Cambridge, Massachussets: Howard University
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