Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
net/publication/323771762
CITATION READS
1 4,697
4 authors:
Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:
Investigation on Self Compacting Concrete using marble powder waste and stone dust. View project
All content following this page was uploaded by Sohaib Naseer on 15 March 2018.
37
Proc. of the Eighth International Conference On Advances in Civil and Structural Engineering - CSE 2018
Copyright © Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors. All rights reserved.
ISBN: 978-1-63248-145-0 doi: 10.15224/ 978-1-63248-145-0-36
peak load, toughness, post-cracking load carrying Fiber reinforced concrete was successfully used in
capacity, and reduced crack width (Yang, Min et al. variety of engineering applications, because of its
2012). Among various fibers, macro-polymeric and satisfactory and outstanding performance in the
polypropylene fibers as synthetic fibers have been industry and construction field. Most of the research
attracting increasing attention of researchers due to in the last four decades has been done on mechanical
their lower cost and weight, resistance against behavior of fiber reinforced concrete and fiber to
corrosion and acids, excellent toughness, and study how fibers perform so well in concrete.
enhanced shrinkage cracking resistance (Alhozaimy, Balaguru performed the uniaxial compression test on
Soroushian et al. 1996; Banthia and Gupta 2006). fiber concrete and observed that the fibers can affect
Various researchers have discussed the mechanism of the facet of uniaxial compressive behavior that
fiber matrix interaction by using various models to involves shear stress and tensile strain (Balaguru and
compute the bonding between the fibers and cement Shah 1992). This observation was made based on the
matrix. The bonding of fiber and the cement matrix increased strain capacity and also from the increased
plays a major role in the composite behavior. The roughness (area under the curve) in the post-crack
fibers can interfere and cause finishing problems. portion of the stress-strain curve.
Thirumurgan at el. (Thirumurugan and Sivakumar The influence of polypropylene fibers has
2013) reported that workability of concrete decreases been studied by using different proportions and
with increase in polypropylene fibers but it can be lengths of fibers to improve the performance of
overcome by addition of high array water reducing lightweight cement composites. The fibers used in
admixtures. To improve workability of concrete, this study had different lengths (6 mm and 12 mm)
more water is added but this can lead to reduction in while the fiber proportions were 0.15% and 0.35% by
compressive strength. The decrease in strength can be cement weight in the mixture design. Compared to
due to additional water or due to an increase in unreinforced LWC, polypropylene (PP) reinforced
entrapped (Balaguru and Shah 1992) . Kumar et al Lightweight Cement Composites (LWC) with fiber
carried out experimental investigations on M15, M20 proportioning 0.35% and 12 mm fiber length, caused
and M25 grade fly ash concrete reinforced with 0%, 30.1% increase in the flexural strength and 27%
0.5%, and 1% polypropylene fibers. It was observed increase in the 17-splitting tensile strength. Increased
that the compressive strength also increased with the fiber availability in the LWC matrix, in addition to
rise up to 1% in fiber content for all the three grades the ability of longer PP fibers to bridge on the micro
of concrete. Murahari and Rama Mohan Rao cracks, is suggested as the reasons for the
(Murahari and Rao 2013) tested 500 x 100 x 100 mm enhancement in mechanical properties. All reinforced
specimens under three-point loading in accordance lightweight concrete specimens displayed
with ASTM C78. The observations showed that the improvement in their mechanical strength as a result
flexural strength increased with content up to 0.3 of fibers performance in cement matrix. Among all
percent. The specimen was observed to gain more fiber proportions and lengths, only the PP fiber with
strength at 28 days as compared to 56 days. Presence 12 mm length and proportion 0.35% performed better
of polypropylene fibers inhibits intrinsic cracking in in all respects compared to the physical and
concrete. Fibers in the matrix increase cohesion and mechanical properties of reinforced lightweight
hence the failure is observed to be ductile and gradual concrete(Bagherzadeh, Pakravan et al. 2012).
for the fiber reinforced deep beams. Peng Zhang and This paper concentrates on the impacts of
Li (Peng, Yang et al. 2006) used 0.04%, 0.06%, miniaturized scale manufactured polypropylene fiber
0.08%, 0.1%, and 0.12% of polypropylene fibers in in enhancing solid quality. The main concern being
concrete containing 15% fly ash and 6% silica fume. the provision of ideal amount of polypropylene fiber
They tested beam specimens under three-point for enhanced compressive and flexural quality. This
loading and reported that addition of fibers greatly paper concentrates on the impacts of miniaturized
improves the fracture parameters of concrete scale manufactured polypropylene fiber in enhancing
composite such as fracture toughness, fracture solid quality. The main concern being the provision
energy, effective crack length, maximum mid-span of ideal amount of polypropylene fiber for enhanced
deflection, critical crack opening etc. The fibers compressive and flexural quality.
embedded in concrete affect the stress and strain,
enhance the stress redistribution and reduce strain
localization.
38
Proc. of the Eighth International Conference On Advances in Civil and Structural Engineering - CSE 2018
Copyright © Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors. All rights reserved.
ISBN: 978-1-63248-145-0 doi: 10.15224/ 978-1-63248-145-0-36
Methodology:
Materials Table 3: Properties of polypropylene fibers
The Ordinary Portland Cement ASTM Type l of
Diameter Length Aspect Tensile
Grade: 42.5 with 60 % consistency was used. The Specific
(D) (l) Ratio strength
coarse aggregate which used were passing from gravity
mm mm (l/D) MPa
12.70 mm sieve and retained on 9.52 mm sieve.
0.0445 6.20 139.33 308 1.33
Other properties of coarse aggregates are as
presented in table 1.
Mix Proportion
Table 1: Properties of Coarse Aggregates
During the investigations, only cement was
Finenes Water Specific Impact Crushing replaced by PP fibers keeping other mix design
Modolus Absorption Gravity Value Value variables, like water–binder ratios, quality of
ingredients, mix proportions, including the
2.56 2% 2.44 10 % 20.75%
aggregate–binder and coarse–fine aggregate ratios,
Fine aggregates from different mineralogical dosage of SP, mixing procedures, curing
sources, but of similar fineness modulus, were used. conditions and testing procedures, constant.
Natural siliceous sand having rounded and smooth
The mix proportion is adopted as mentioned in
particles were used as reference sand. Crushed sands
table 4. The experimental program included six
were selected with different petrographic
sets of concrete mixes, prepared by partial
characteristics but similar grading curves were used.
replacement of cement by equal weight of PP
Highly effective concrete additive Pozzolanic Silica
fibers. The dosages of fibers were 0% (control
Fume is used as supplementary cementitious
mix), 0.5%, 1.5%, 2.5%, 3.5% and 4.5% of the
material. The physical and chemical characteristics
total cementitious materials.
of Portland cement is shown in table 2.
To cope with the workability issues super
Table 2: Chemical Composition of Portland
plasticizers (SP) were used whose dosage was
Cement
also kept constant for all mixes because of the
Constituent wt. (%) reason that if the dosage of SP is varied with the
fibers replacement percentage, then the variations
SiO2 19.92 in the concrete strength will occur not only due to
variations in the fiber contents but also due to
Fe2O3 2.09
change in the dosage of SP. The mixing procedure
Al2O3 6.54 and time were kept constant for all the concrete
mixes.
CaO 64.70
Table 4: Mixes Compositions
Na2O 0.28
Wt. of C A (Kg)
K2O 0.84
Wt. of Cement
No. Cylinders
Wt. of Sand
Total Wt.
PPF (gm)
PPF (%)
Water
(Kg)
(Kg)
(Kg)
(ml)
(ml)
MgO 1.84
SP
SO3 2.61
LOI 0.73
0 0 0 8600 17.2 34.3 68.6 128.8 8
C3S 55.90 0.5 86 170 8600 17.2 34.3 68.6 128.8 8
1.5 258 170 8600 17.2 34.3 68.6 128.8 8
C2S 19.00 2.5 430 170 8600 17.2 34.3 68.6 128.8 8
3.5 602 170 8600 17.2 34.3 68.6 128.8 8
C3 A 7.50 4.5 775 170 8600 17.2 34.3 68.6 128.8 8
C3AF 9.80
39
Proc. of the Eighth International Conference On Advances in Civil and Structural Engineering - CSE 2018
Copyright © Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors. All rights reserved.
ISBN: 978-1-63248-145-0 doi: 10.15224/ 978-1-63248-145-0-36
Compressive Tensile
Cylinders
strength strength
PP (%)
Sr. No.
fibers
28 days
28 days
7 days
7 days
1. 0.5 2 2 2 2 8
2. 1.5 2 2 2 2 8
3. 2.5 2 2 2 2 8
4. 3.5 2 2 2 2 8
Figure 1: Compressive strength after 7 days
5. 4.5 2 2 2 2 8
curing
6. 0 2 2 2 2 8
Figure 2 demonstrates the compressive strength of
7. Total 48
polypropylene fiber concrete after 28 days. Similar
40 cylinders of different percentages of trend was observed for 28 days strength as depicted
polypropylene fibers were casted, cured and tested by 7 days strength graph. It is concluded that 1.5% is
after 7 and 28 days. 10 cylinders tested after 7 days optimum percentage for polypropylene fiber resulting
while other 10 were tested after 28 days for in maximum value of 4600 psi.
compressive strength. Similarly, 10 cylinders after 7
days and the remaining 10 were tested after 28 days
for tensile strength. The strength which they achieve
using mix design (1:2:4) are given in the table below.
W/c ratio
Strength Strength
Sr. No.
(%)
(psi) (psi)
7 28 7 days 28
days days days Figure 2: Compressive strength after 28 days
1 0% 0.50 2400 4000 1290 1450 curing
2 0% 0.50 2500 3900 1160 1450
40
Proc. of the Eighth International Conference On Advances in Civil and Structural Engineering - CSE 2018
Copyright © Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors. All rights reserved.
ISBN: 978-1-63248-145-0 doi: 10.15224/ 978-1-63248-145-0-36
References:
41
Proc. of the Eighth International Conference On Advances in Civil and Structural Engineering - CSE 2018
Copyright © Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors. All rights reserved.
ISBN: 978-1-63248-145-0 doi: 10.15224/ 978-1-63248-145-0-36
42