Mariano Marcos Memorial High School

2090 M. Carreon Street, Sta. Ana, Manila

A Research Paper on

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Social Media to the Selected Students of MMMHS

S.Y. 2014-2015

Mrs. Elvira M. Limbo

Angela E. Dela Cruz IV-1 (EINSTEIN)

February 13, 2015

Acknowledgement
 Table of Contents

Chapter 1 The Problem and its background

-Introduction………………………………………

-Statement of the Problem…………………………

-Objectives of the Study…………………………..

-Significance of the Study…………………………

-Scope and Delimitation …………………………..

Chapter 2 Theoretical Framework and Related Literature

-Related Literature/ Studies……………………….

-Local Literature…………………………………..

-Foreign Literature………………………………...

-Conceptual Framework/ Research Paradigm…….

-Definition of Terms

Chapter 3 Methodology

-Method of Research Used……………………….

-Sources of Data………………………………….

-Sampling Technique…………………………….

-Data Gathering Procedure………………………

-Research Instrument…………………………….

-Statistical Treatment of Data……………………

Chapter 4 Summary/ Conclusion

-Summary………………………………………...

-Conclusion………………………………………

-Recommendation……………………………….
 Chapter 1

The Problem and its Background

Introduction

Social Media has been going through an extensive outbreak around the world. It has been
a good tool for social interaction among people in which they create, share or exchange
information and ideas in virtual communities and networks. It just came out in the early 90’s but
as the year of 2000 it was improve because many programmers were able to discover and design
a new and more helpful tool for many people around the world. Now, many families that have
long distance communication use social media to keep a strong communication with their family
members especially in abroad. It has been also used to help students to interact with their fellow
classmates even they were far away from each other especially when they are working on an
immediate requirement and other Social Media can be used for a research.

Although Social Media was proven a good tool for many people, Social Media was also
abuse by many users to make crimes. In Social Media, everyone can post and say everything
whatever they want in public, so some people use it for saying bad words to someone they hate
even in public. Also, people were able to post many embarrassing pictures without even asking
for permission to that person.

Based on a research conducted from a University, they have proven that Social Media
can be also used for cyber bullying, child pornography and harassments so many universities and
many other schools were worried if they were to continue requiring their students for using
Social Media.

Since 2010 until now, the number of people using Social Media is continuously
increasing and helping many people but the number of crimes using Social Media is also
continuously increasing.

Motivated by the fact that the users of Social Media is continuously increasing, this study
is made to verify what are the advantages and disadvantages of Social Media on selected high
school students for the fact that teenagers are the most widely users of Social Media.

Statement of the Problem

Generally, this proposed study would try to determine the advantages and disadvantages
of Social Media to the selected students of Mariano Marcos Memorial High School (MMMHS).
Specifically, the researcher wants to answer the following questions:

1. What is the main advantage and disadvantage of using Social Media?

2. Why the number of students using Social Media is continuously increasing?

3. How using Social Media does affect a student?

Significance of the Study

This study would show about the advantages and disadvantages of Social Media to the
selected students. It would show also the reason why teenagers are the most widely users of
social media and social media affects the users, mentally, emotionally and verbally.

Scope and Delimitation

The study focuses on issues and problems surrounding students of MMMHS. This
research is limited and conducted at the school campus, school year 2014 – 2015. The
respondents of the study are the 40 selected students from different sections. The study is
conducted on 1st- 4th year students because of the fact that the teenagers are the wide users of
Social Media.

Using a questionnaire with 10 questions, the researcher surveys the advantages and
disadvantages of using Social Media to many teenagers.

The research is conducted wherein students with different status in life are asked to
answer certain questions with regards to the advantages and disadvantages of Social Media.
In particular as the main issue of influence. The study aims to establish whether using Social
Media can make student a better leader or a troublemaker.
 Chapter 2
Review of related Literature
Foreign Studies

Benefits and Drawbacks of Social Media in Education

By: Mark Connolly

Every day, about 250 million people log in to Facebook.

Twitter has 15 million regular users; they send 65 million messages each day.

People watch more than 2 billion video clips on YouTube daily. Every hour, users upload an
average of 24 hours of video content.

Every day, more than 90 percent of college students visit a social networking site.

That’s a lot of information bombarding students. Trying to keep up with it all can change the
way the brain functions. Is this good or bad?

Both. WCER researcher Mark Connolly acknowledges that these social media show value in
educational settings—as long as they are used prudently. Many have pointed to the educational
benefits of these media (also called Web 2.0). Social media tools and networking sites encourage
students to engage with each other and to express and share their creativity.

Connolly suggests an additional benefit: establishing enduring relationships with real people.
This means going beyond seeing others simply as peers who trade digital content. For example,
connecting with fellow dorm residents through Facebook can help a student overcome the kind
of isolation that otherwise might lead her to leave school. A Twitter account can provide a shy
student with information about events that facilitates face-to-face encounters with other students.
Such personal interactions are vital to creating and sustaining a sense of belonging.

These relationships can be fostered on the community level too. For example, Chicago’s DePaul
University sponsors a “This is DePaul” contest for students to contribute short YouTube videos
that best capture the DePaul experience. In 2009, the winning videos drew nearly 20,000
viewers. Social networking sites also can help students develop leadership skills, from low-level
planning and organizing to activities that promote social change and democratic engagement.

The Drawbacks of Social Media

Along with the benefits, Connolly cautions that students who use social networking tools might
pay significant hidden cognitive costs. Facebook, Google, and other web services simultaneously
seize and fragment our attention. They can subvert higher-order reasoning processes, including
the kind of focus, concentration, and persistence necessary for critical thinking and intellectual
development. Some researchers have correlated heavy Internet use with greater impulsivity, less
patience, less tenacity, and weaker critical thinking skills. The need to rapidly shift from object
to object online can weaken students’ ability to control their attention. Prolonged Internet use
exposes students to interactive, repetitive, and addictive stimuli that produce permanent changes
in brain structure and function. The more one uses the Internet and social media, the better the
brain can skim and scan. But research suggests that these gains degrade the capacity for
concentration, reasoning, and reflection—in fact the very sort of critical thinking and evidence-
based reasoning needed to honestly appraise the full costs of using social media.

Considerations in the Educational Use of Social Media

Students must learn to distinguish the skill needed to locate information online from the ability
to understand that information. Using social media to cultivate and demonstrate deep learning is
possible, but that requires overcoming the persistence of distraction, the surfeit of irrelevant
information, and the temptation to wander.

Students can develop a capacity for practical reasoning when using social media. Educators and
students should have multiple, purposeful discussions about social media’s pros and cons. Social
media can enhance and impede student learning, and educators can use realistic case studies to
help students identify trade-offs. For example, the use of social media in educational settings
may incorrectly suggest that learning should be easy and quick. If so, students should be shown
the value of reinvesting the time and effort saved by technology into higher-order tasks that
really matter to their learning, such as writing a complex argument, reading difficult texts, and
debating ideas with others.

Social technologies are here to stay. Connolly says that it is important to help students learn how
to use social media in an instrumental way, learn how to think deliberately about their use, and
consider the sorts of outcomes for which using social media are proper.
In the real world, students will find themselves facing a difficult situation involving social media
that rules alone cannot resolve. Connolly says the problem will require their best judgment—a
kind of practical wisdom that cannot be taught, but instead is learned through practice
accompanied by guidance and support.

Knowing when, where, and with whom to use social media, Connolly concludes, may be the
most important learning outcome of all.
This material appears in revised form as a chapter in the book, Contested Issues in Student
Affairs: Diverse Perspectives and Respectful Dialogue, edited by Peter M. Magolda & Marcia B.
Baxter Magolda (Stylus Press, 2011).

What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Social Media to Bring
Attention to a Product?
By: Gina Poirier, Demand Media

Social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter have transformed the way some businesses
think about advertising. Some businesses direct customers toward their social network pages
more than they direct them to their own websites. There are certain advantages to marketing via
social media, but there are a few related drawbacks as well.
Targeted Marketing
Social networking websites provide advertisers with the ability to target audiences based on site
users' personal interests and what their friends like. For example, list country music as one of
your interests on a social networking site, you will most likely be seeing ads about country music
concerts and artists. Some sites' advertising will also highlight which country artists your friends
like to provide a personal connection. With such "smart" marketing, advertisers effectively reach
the people who are most interested in what they have to offer. Furthermore, social networking
enables word of mouth to promote products beyond what advertising alone does.
Web Analytics
Some social networking services provide analytic services to their advertisers. With analytics,
you have the ability to track which type of advertisements are attracting the most web traffic and
demographic information such as the age of people most interested in your product. This type of
information equips you to make your products and your advertising more effective.
Interactivity
One benefit of social network marketing is that it lets you interact with potential customers with
conversations threads and forums. Engaging people in conversation makes them more likely to
take a deeper interest your product, but it can be a disadvantage because keeping up with your
followers' questions can be time-consuming. If you can't keep up with the conversations and
meet your followers' needs, they lose interest.
Speed of Information
The speed at which social media transmits news about your business can be an advantage or
disadvantage. One well-placed, slanderous comment has the potential to damage your business's
name quickly. The good news is that with instant updates you have the opportunity to announce
your defense quickly. Social networking also gives you the ability to notify your followers
instantly about product updates, new releases and even recalls. Live, current content through
social media makes your advertising feel less static and makes your products more attractive.
Privacy Violations
One of the controversies with social networking is that some claim that advertising violates
users' privacy policies. Different social networks have different policies, but in general they must
release some of users' personal information in order to provide them with targeted marketing.
While many people don't mind personalized advertising, they agree to it when they sign up to use
these websites and some social networks keep the released information anonymous anyway,
there is nonetheless much debate about whether the practice is ethical or legal.
Local Studies

The pros and cons of social media classrooms

By: Charlie Osborne
The debate surrounding social media as a learning tool is unlikely to abate any time soon. Is it
just a distraction, or do the interactive educational tools available outweigh any disadvantages?

Social media platforms, such as Facebook and Twitter, are becoming steadily more integrated
within a variety of apps targeted at learning. Real-time news feeds and instant accessibility make
them a tool that can be used quickly and efficiently -- but due to its changeable nature, it can be
difficult for school systems to keep up and compensate.
What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of using social media in the classroom?

The pros of social media as a learning tool.

1.) It is a familiar tool.
Most of your students are on social networking platforms, and these services are already tools
that students are generally comfortable with -- and they can probably show you a thing or two in
return.

2.) Improve your own knowledge and skills as an educator.

By learning how to use these platforms as a teacher, you are making yourself more aware of
issues surrounding students today. If a student tells you a classmate is harassing them over
Twitter -- doing something called 'tweeting', how can you investigate the situation unless you
know how to search profiles and send messages yourself?

3.) Resource availability.

From current news feeds, following public figures, learning a new language or improving
software skills, there is an endless range of free resources available through social media -- both
linked and hosted. If you are looking for a debate, a video or commentary based on a recent news
report, Facebook and Twitter's search functions make them a valuable and free set of tools.

4.) Improvement of research skills.

Being able to find information online is a skill that is now important in the workplace -- and one
that can be taught through lessons designed around social media platforms.

5.) The improvement of communication.

If conducted within a controlled environment, then social media can be a way for students and
teachers to communicate effectively. This could include sending out reminders, posting
homework notes and organizing projects or events such as revision classes.

6.) Relevant, real-life learning.

Teaching students how to use social media in order to improve their job prospects can be
extremely valuable. How do you find a job through Twitter? Who do you follow? Why do I need
a LinkedIn profile?

7.) The promotion of digital citizenship.

Students have to learn about how to conduct themselves appropriately online. Not only do
they have to face the consequences if they behave in ways that are considered cyberbulling, but it
is also necessary for them to understand privacy policies and the transfer of data online. By using
online platforms, these lessons can be integrated within a more traditional school curriculum.

8.) Engaging your students.

Gen-Y and younger generations are stereotypically portrayed as being glued to their gadgets, and
are known for using such devices for social networking, games and entertainment purposes. Use
this to your advantage.

9.) The ability to share learning material.

Social media sites including Facebook, Twitter and Pinterest are full of user-generated content,
links and shared items. This can be used to your classes' advantage. Why not create a Facebook
group dedicated to your class, or set a task to research something across these networks?

10.) The potential to appeal to different learning styles.

Whether a learner naturally prefers kinetic, audio or visual learning, the varied types of media
and information found on sites such as Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn can appeal to a wide
range of learner styles.

11.) Ease of access.

Social networking requires no expensive equipment or modern upgrades -- all you need is a
computer or mobile device with an Internet connection.

12.) Assisting shy students.

There are some students that find social interaction or contribution difficult -- and engaging
students through an online project can make this easier for them.

The cons of social media as a learning tool.

1.) The gimmick factor.
Unless the use of sites such as Facebook and Twitter are incorporated into a class plan in order to
contribute towards an objective lesson aim, then it could become nothing more than a waste of
time.

2.) Distractions.
Unless teachers properly supervise their students -- and maintain control if the novelty of
YouTube makes them too excited -- it can be difficult to follow through with a lesson based on
Internet research.
3.) The risk of cyberbullying.
Cyber bullying is rampant on social networks, and it is something teachers need to be aware of.
Social media projects may not be confined to a classroom -- and if this is the case, teachers (and
potentially parents) need to monitor student activity for any signs of bullying.

4.) Limiting face-to-face communication.

If a balance is not maintained, then too much technological input can have a detrimental effect
on social skills that children need to learn.

5.) The need for schools to research, understand and implement.

Educational establishments are slowly making their presence known on social media for
advertising and information-based purposes. However, it requires a good level of technical
understanding to use and maintain social media effectively.

6.) Continual social media change.

There are constant changes to platforms themselves and their security settings -- of which
schools and teachers must keep up to date with and act accordingly.

7.) The need to manage multiple sites and keep updated.

If schools decide to make use of these platforms, pages and profiles should be updated in order to
prevent them becoming stagnant.

8.) The possibility of malware infections or phishing scams.

Social networks are now a breeding ground for scam artists to lure both children and adults to
exchange personal information or in order to gain access to a computer network. Educational
establishments need to be aware of this risk and monitor their usage accordingly.

9.) The need to filter and plan.

Schools have a duty of care to their students, and as such, the use of social media platforms has
to be planned and executed appropriately in order to protect children from inappropriate
communication, images or video. Several options are available, such as YouTube for Schools.

10.) Inappropriate content sharing or exposure.

It is important for children in school to be protected from inappropriate content; but it is also
necessary for teachers to monitor what they are sharing between themselves. It is not only a
matter of duty to students -- but protecting yourself as the teacher responsible for them.

11.) Controlling device use in class.

Teachers have to grow eyes in the back of their heads -- and when mobile devices are used in
class, the need for continual monitoring and regulation increases.

12.) Exposing the 'haves' and 'have nots'.

Once you introduce social media use in to a classroom, then unless the school has the facilities to
supply each student, it is sometimes the case that students are asked to bring their own device.
This in turn can highlight divides between students who can afford certain devices, and those that
cannot.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Social Media Marketing

By: Tracey Sandilands, Demand Media

Social media is the modern tool for marketers who try every means to get their message out to
their target markets. The medium has many advantages and disadvantages, and companies
struggle to find the right way to use it. The average business owner does not fully understand the
risks, and the field is still so new that it is difficult to evaluate the qualifications of social media
“experts” who offer their services.
Social Media Platforms
Facebook and Twitter are the social media platforms most commonly used for marketing.
Facebook offers the option of creating a fan page for a company or product, while Twitter makes
use of 140-character posts that users follow. Blogs are online journals written by users, which
can be influential in spreading news and information. YouTube is a repository for podcasts and
video clips, with a viewership of millions around the globe. Social bookmarking sites such as
Del.icio.us and Digg enable users to share links to information with friends and followers. Some
sites offer display advertising options, but the majority are simply a method of sharing
information with others.

Advantages
The main advantage of social media marketing is cost-related. The majority of social media sites
are free to access, create a profile and post information. The advantage of reaching your targeted
market for little or no cash investment is substantial, and the audience wanting your information
voluntarily joins or follows you. Pay-per-click advertisements on sites such as Facebook are
"geo-targeted" according to specific criteria, to reach the correct audience. The viral nature of
social media means that each person who reads your posts has the capability to spread the news
farther within his own network, so information can reach a large number of people in a short
time.

Disadvantages
Updating your social media accounts takes time and effort. A senior person with knowledge
about the company and products should handle your social media presence, and the cost in time
means the media is not completely free. It is ongoing work to find new angles about your
products continually and to post and re-post information. The information is only visible for a
short time before newer posts replace it. In addition, publishing obvious advertising copy is
unacceptable in the social media world, therefore you must present the information in the form of
conversation or you will lose followers.

Risks
Social media marketing carries several risks. Unless you have someone check your social media
accounts several times a day, disgruntled customers or employees can publish negative
comments that are not always removable. For example, every post on Twitter is public and you
have no control over what people say. Bad news can go viral as easily as good news and can do
your business irreparable harm. IT governance group the Information Systems Audit and Control
Association released a report in June 2010 ranking viruses and malware, brand hijacking, lack of
control over corporate content, unrealistic customer expectations and non-compliance with
record management regulations as the top five risks of social media.

Definition of Terms:
Vital- extremely important
Peer- a person who belongs to the same age group or social group as someone else
Seize- to use legal or official power to take
Tenacity- the quality or state of being determined to do something
Impulsivity- doing things or tending to do things suddenly and without careful thought
Stimuli- something that causes something else to happen, develop or become more active
Demographic- of or relating to the study of changes that occur in large groups of people
over period of time
Impede- to show the movement, progress or action of someone or something
Appraise- to say how much something is worth after you have carefully examined it
Detrimental- causing damage or injury
Stagnant- not active, changing or progressing
Slanderous- to make a false spoken statement that causes people to have a bad opinion of
someone
Rampant- growing quickly and in a way that is difficult to control
Disgruntled- to make ill- humored or discontented
 Chapter 3
Methodology

This study will utilize descriptive research. Particularly, there are only 50 students from
1 year – 4th year covered in the study who will serve as respondents.
st

Sampling Technique

This study will apply random sampling. To obtain the sample from the population, the
formula shall be used.
N=N
1+Ne
Where:
N= Sample Size
n= Population Size
e= Desired Margin of Error

The point of view of 50 students from 1st year – 4th year about the advantages and
disadvantages of social media shall represent the point of view of the entire population of the
students in the school campus.

Validity of Questionnaire

The study will adhere the 10 % of the population that responds whether the suggested
items correspond to their actual point of view about the advantages and disadvantages of social
media. Reformatting and rewording was based on the recommendations of the respondents taken
in the trial run stage. Vague questions were cleared out and all the suggestions of the respondents
were considered.

Data Gathering Technique

The computed 70 students of the study answered the questionnaire. A random sampling
was given to the 50 students to have an equal chance of participation in the study.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The data shall be analyzed and interpreted in the percentage basis using the formula:
Percent: F x 100
N

Results:
1. 98% said that they know what is social media but there is 2% said that they do not know
what is social media.
2. 90% are using social media while 10% are not.
3. 68% are fond of using social media but 32% are not fond of using it.
4. 44% said that using social media can affect their studies while 56% said that it doesn’t
affect their studies.
5. 78% said that social media is helpful to them but 22% said not.
6. 60% said that social media affects their behavior towards many people while 40% said
that it doesn’t affect their behavior towards many people.
7. 76% think that social media can cause addiction but 24% think that it cannot cause
addiction.
8. 40% said that social media is helpful for studies, 34% said that it can be use for fast
communication, 10% said that it is for the awareness to current issues and 16% said that
none of the given choices is the main reason of using social media.
9. 34% said that social media helps them to interact with other people, 4% said that it makes
them feel that they are different from others, 40% said that it widens their state of being
open-minded and 22% said that none of the given choices is the main effect of social
media to their behavior.
10. 26% said that social media is addicted because it can be use to talk to their friends, 38%
said that it can lose boredom and 36% said that it is because of many applications that
can be used.
 The Advantages and Disadvantages of Social Media
to the Selected Students of MMMHS

The researcher wants to know your awareness about using social media.

Fill in every blank in this form.

Year Level_________________ Gender_________________

Age__________ Date_________________

A. Place a check mark (/) in the column that corresponds to your answer.
Yes No
1. Do you know what is social media?
2. Do you use social media?
3. Are you fond of using it?
4. Does it affect your studies?
5. Is it helpful for you?
6. Does it affect your behavior towards many
people?
7. Does using social media can cause
addiction?

B. Answer the following questions with the best of your knowledge. Encircle the letter of your
answer.

8. What is your main reason why you use social media?

a. Helpful for studies b. For Fast Communication c. Awareness to current issues
d. None of the Above

9. If your answer in number 6 is yes, how does it affect your behavior?

a. It helps you to easily interact with other people b. It makes you feel that your different from
others c. It widens your state of being open- minded d. None of the Above

10. Why do you think people were so addicted of using social media?
a. To talk with their friends b. To lose boredom c. For having many applications
Others: __________________________

_____________________
Signature
 Chapter 4
Summary/ Conclusion
Summary
Majority of the population of the students said that the main advantage of using social
media is it is helpful to their studies and its main disadvantage is it can be use for bullying.
Conclusion
Based on the result of the study held by the researcher to the selected students of Mariano
Marcos Memorial High School, school year 2014-2015, the main advantage of social media to
the people using it is, it is helpful for studies of students and the main disadvantage is, it can be
use for bullying.

Recommendation

The Researcher recommends this research paper to be read by the teachers, students,
Principal and especially parents that prolong of using social media just do not help every user but
it has also a disadvantage. This research also helps and enlightens the mind of the persons who
are using social media and how can they manage themselves to be a wise user.

Bibliography