Chapter III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents a description of the research design selection and description of

respondents, research instruments, data collection procedure and statistical treatments used.

Research Design

In order to see the general picture of the specialized subjects of ABM strand and its effects

on choosing college courses, the descriptive correlational survey method was used. In this study,

the information was collected through self-administered questionnaires distributed personally to

the subjects by the researcher.

A descriptive survey was selected because it provides an accurate portrayal or account of

the characteristics, for example behavior, opinions, abilities, and knowledge of a particular

individual, situation or group. This design was chosen to meet the objectives of the study, namely

to determine the knowledge and views of students with regard to the specialized subjects of ABM

strand and its effects on choosing college courses

Variables and Measures

The table below showed the variables and measures used in the study.

Variables Measurements

 The advantages of specialized subjects  Questions that would determine

in choosing college courses. respondent’s view on advantages of

specialized subjects in choosing

college courses.
  The disadvantages of specialized  Set of questions regarding the

subjects in choosing college courses. disadvantages of specialized subjects

in choosing college courses.

 Factors that can affect of choosing  Questions regarding the factors that

college courses for ABM students. can effect of choosing college courses

for ABM students.

Table 1: Variables and Measures of the Study

Sampling Design

The study used simple random sampling in determining the samples of the study. All of

the Grade 12 students of Accountancy, Business and Management were the respondents of this

study.

Research Respondents

The researchers considered the Grade 12 students of STI College Lipa comprising of 153

students. They were chosen respondents because their strand has to do with our research.

Moreover, their generation is evidently giving information about the specialized subjects of ABM

strand and its effects on choosing college courses.

Research Instrument

A questionnaire was used in gathering the data. The questionnaire has two parts. Part I was

used to elicit the respondent’s profiles such as name, grade and section, age and gender and part II

was containing different situations.

 The research subjects were asked to choose their preferred response by checking the

number option based on their personal feelings and perception along the given area.

The questionnaire had questions that relates to the study and these questions were answered

consequently.

Research Locale

The study was conducted at the STI College Lipa since the chosen respondents are

Accountancy, Business and Management students of this school.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers personally administered the research instruments to the respondents. They

conferred and discussed the significance of the study and accomplished the distribution of the

instruments properly.

The respondents were given 10 minutes to accomplish the forms to prevent them from

giving hasty responses. The researchers went from one to another section of grade 12 ABM on

collecting the accomplished questionnaires.

After the questionnaires have been accomplished, the results were tallied and tabulated.

These data became the bases of analysis and interpretation.

Data Analysis

In determining the specialized subjects of ABM strand and its effects on choosing college

courses, the Likert scale has been used. It used a five-point scale; each point corresponding to a

Likert item.
 Point Scale Verbal Interpretation

1 4.2 – 5.0 Strongly Agree

2 3.4 – 4.19 Agree

3 2.6 – 3.9 Undecided

4 1.8 – 2.59 Disagree

5 1.0 – 1.79 Strongly Disagree

Table 2: Five – point Scale

Formula:

𝜮𝒘𝒙
̅=
𝒙
𝑵

Where:

w = points ( 5, 4, 3, 2,1 )

x = number of respondents per weight

N = total number of respondents

Statistical Treatment Procedure

The researcher used the Pearson correlation coefficient or Pearson’s r to measure the linear

correlation of relationship strength between the variables of x and y. The Pearson’s correlation

coefficient is a measure of the strength of linear association between two variables and is denoted

by r.
 The Pearson correlation coefficient r, can take a range of values from +1 to -1. A value of

0 indicates that there is no association between two variables. A value greater than 0 indicates a

positive association; that is, as the value increases, so does the value of another variable. A value

less than 0 indicates a negative association; that is, as a value of one variable increases, the value

of the other decreases. The stronger the association of the two variables, the closer the Pearson

correlation coefficient r, will be either +1 or -1 depending on whether the relationship is positive

or negative, respectively.

The formula used to determine the Pearson correlation coefficient or r was:

𝑁𝛴𝑥𝑦 − (𝛴𝑥)(𝛴𝑦)
𝑟=
√[𝑁𝛴𝑥 2 − (𝛴𝑥)2 ][𝑁𝛴𝑦 2 − (𝛴𝑦)2 ]

Upon getting the Pearson correlation coefficient, r with the use of its given formula, using

the table below, the researchers interpret the strengths of correlation based on the results.

r value Interpretation

0.70 or higher Very Strong Positive Relationship

0.40-0.69 Strong Positive Relationship

0.30-0.39 Moderate Positive Relationship

0.20-0.29 Weak Positive Relationship

0.01-0.19 No or Negligible Relationship

0 No Relationship (zero correlation)

-0.01- -0.19 No or Negligible Relationship

-0.20- -0.29 Weak Negative Relationship

-0.30- -0.39 Moderate Negative Relationship

-0.40- -0.69 Strong Negative Relationship

-0.70 or below Very Strong Negative Relationship