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Lingua TOEFL Textbook and Practice Test Series – Level Chart

Listening,
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LEVEL Writing, & Practice Test
TOEFL Reading
Vocabulary

Level 5 Structure Listening *Test Book I

*INSIDER Review Review (English Version) *5CD-ROMs from
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185 Essay Topics
Review (English Version)
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TOEFL *Listening Practice Practice Test 1,

VOCA 2004 Test 1-4 Vol. 2
(English Version)

Level 4 i-TOEFL: i-TOEFL: Pocket-book

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e-TOEFL: <forthcoming>
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Lingua TOEFL CBT INSIDER

APPENDIX
Diagnostic Test 2 &
Complete Practice Test 2

� �
TOEFL and TWE are registered trademarks of Educational Testing Service. This publication is not endorsed or approved by ETS.
DIAGNOSTIC TEST 2
(Simplified Version)

Listening: 15 Minutes (including listening time)

Structure: 7 Minutes
Reading: 15 Minutes
Writing: 30 Minutes

Suggested Total Time: 67 Minutes

 ANSWER SHEET
�
Lingua TOEFL CBT: Insider
Diagnostic Test 2 Number of Correct Answers Times = Converted Score

Listening × 6.67 = (S1)

Structure × 4.0 = (S2)
Name Reading × 9.1 = (S3)
Sex male female Writing Score 0 ~ Score 6 (Score Level) 0 ~ 60
E-mail address Your expected score will be between (S1 + S2 + S3) and (S1 + S2 + S3 + 60).

Telephone No. Total Score Range ( ) ~ ( )

Section 1: Listening Section 2: Structure Section 3: Reading

1 A B C D 1 A B C D 1 A B C D
2 A B C D 2 A B C D 2
3 A B C D 3 A B C D 3 A B C D
4 A B C D 4 A B C D 4 A B C D
5 A B C D 5 A B C D 5 A B C D
6 A B C D 6 A B C D 6 A B C D
7 A B C D 7 A B C D 7
8 A B C D 8 A B C D 8
Cut here

9 A B C D 9 A B C D 9 A B C D
10 A B C D 10 A B C D 10 A B C D
11 Premium – 11
Deductible –
Limit –
12 A B C D
13 A B C D
14 A B C D
15 A B C D

■ Have you taken the official TOEFL Test?

Yes PBT Score CBT Score
if any
No Listening Listening
Structure Structure
Reading Reading
Writing Writing
TOTAL TOTAL

■ Educational background
middle/high school undergraduate graduate

SIGNED: _____________________________________________ DATE: ___________________

(SIGN YOUR NAME AS IF SIGNING A BUSINESS LETTER.) MO. DAY YEAR

Copyright ⓒ 2004 by Lingua Forum, Inc. All rights reserved.

Diagnostic Test 2 6
 ANSWER SHEET
�
Lingua TOEFL CBT: Insider
Diagnostic Test 2

00 : 29 1 of 1

Read the topic below and then make any notes that will help you plan your response.
Begin typing your response in the box at the bottom of the screen, or write your answer on
the answer sheet provided to you.

When people move to another country, some of them decide to follow the customs of the
new country. Others prefer to keep their own customs. Compare these two choices. Which
do you prefer? Support your answer with specific details.

Cut

Paste

Undo

Copyright ⓒ 2004 by Lingua Forum, Inc. All rights reserved.

7 Insider
 SECTION 1

DIAGNOSTIC
LISTENING

TEST 2
S
Suggested Time: 15 Minutes (including listening time)

00 : 08 Directions

When
finished
LISTENING reading
directions
click on the
icon below
LISTENING DIRECTIONS Dismiss
Directions
This section measures your ability to understand spoken English.
There are two parts in this section, with special directions for each part.
You have 8 minutes to answer all the questions. The time you spend listening to the test
material is not counted.
You can change the volume only before you start to answer the questions.
The listening material and questions about it will be presented only once. During an
actual TOEFL test you may not take notes or have any paper at your computer.
After you have confirmed an answer, you cannot return to the question.
When you are ready to continue, click on the “Dismiss Directions” icon.

00 : 07 Directions

When
finished
QUESTION DIRECTIONS – PART A reading
directions
click on the
In Part A you will hear short conversations between two people. Each conversation is icon below
followed by a question about it.
Dismiss
Each question in this part has four answer choices. Click on the best answer to each Directions
question. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied by the
speakers.
Click on the “Volume” icon below to check the sound level NOW. You will not be able to
adjust the volume after you dismiss these directions.
When you are ready to continue, click on the “Dismiss Directions” icon.

Diagnostic Test 2 8
 Questions 1-6
1 of 15

1. What does the woman mean?

A The class goes for two semesters.
B It was the best course she has ever taken.
C The course is already finished.
D She is not enjoying the class.

2 of 15

2. What is the woman assuming about the man?

A He is getting paid for his work.
B He likes the job.
C He enjoys working with the professor.
D He does not need money.

3 of 15

3. What can be inferred about the man?

A He is a political science major.
B He recently changed majors.
C He does not know how to program computers.
D He wants to find something more interesting to
study.

4 of 15

4. What is the man saying about the exams?

A He has an economics exam.
B He is thinking of changing courses.
C He does not want to write his exams.
D All three classes have exams on the same day.

9 Insider
 DIAGNOSTIC
5 of 15

TEST 2
5. Why does the man think Doug will not be quarterback?
A His arm is not strong enough.
B Alex has more experience.
C He is not tall enough.
D The coaches do not like young players.

6 of 15

6. What is the man implying?

A He will not go out with the woman and her friends.
B His grades are not really that good.
C He loves dancing.
D He has some free time this evening.

Diagnostic Test 2 10
 SECTION 1
LISTENING

Directions

When
finished
QUESTION DIRECTIONS – PART B reading
directions
click on the
icon below
In Part B there are several talks and conversations. Each talk or conversation is followed
by several questions. Dismiss
Directions
The conversations and talks are about a variety of topics. You do not need special
knowledge of the topics to answer the questions correctly. you should answer each
question on the basis of what is stated or implied by the speakers.

Click on the “Volume” icon below to check the sound level NOW. You will not be able to
adjust the volume after you dismiss these directions.

When you are ready to continue, click on the “Dismiss Directions” icon.

11 Insider
Questions 7-9

DIAGNOSTIC
TEST 2
Earth Science

Tidal Currents
- Friction
- Mixing

7 of 15

7. What is the main topic of this discussion?

A The Earth’s oceans’ effect on the moon
B The amount of energy in the tides
C How the tides work
D The moon’s tidal forces’ effects on the Earth

8 of 15

8. What is NOT one of the places the professor said the moon’s
tidal energy is dissipated as friction?
Click on the correct letter.

Diagnostic Test 2 12
 9 of 15

9. Why are the recent discoveries about the moon’s

energy significant?

Click on 2 answers.

A To better predict weather

B To better understand the Earth’s climate
C To better harness the oceans’ power
D To better control the moon

Questions 10-13

Business

Insurance Terms
- Premium
- Deductible
- Limit

10 of 15

10. What is the main topic of this lecture?

A The science of risk
B How insurance works
C The insurance industry in America
D Why people buy insurance

13 Insider
 DIAGNOSTIC
11 of 15

TEST 2
11. The professor described how insurance works. Match the
insurance term with its definition.

Click on a term. Then click on the space where it

belongs. Use each term only once.

Premium
Deductible
Limit

When the Minimum loss Regular insurance

insurance before coverage payment
coverage ends begins

12 of 15

12. According to the speaker, what are the benefits of

insurance?

Click on 2 answers.

A Encourages more economic transactions

B Creates a source of income
C Eliminates bank loans for businesses
D Makes life predictable and safe

13 of 15

13. What is NOT a risk factor mentioned by the professor?

A Age of the policyholder
B History of the policyholder
C Reason for purchasing insurance
D Cost of the insured item

Diagnostic Test 2 14
 Questions 14-15
14 of 15

14. What are the man and woman going to do?

A Go on a trip to Disneyland
B Make some arts and crafts
C Wait and make plans
D Go rafting on a river

15 of 15

15. What does the man NOT say about their trip?
A It will be dangerous.
B Rafting will be good exercise.
C There will be sun and fresh air.
D There will be big rapids.

15 Insider
 DIAGNOSTIC
TEST 2
SECTION 2
STRUCTURE
Suggested Time: 7 Minutes

00 : 07 Directions

When
finished
STRUCTURE reading
directions
click on the
icon below
STRUCTURE DIRECTIONS
Dismiss
Directions
In this section there are two types of test questions.
In one type, you choose the word or phrase that best completes a sentence.

Example: ________________ of igneous rocks results from the two main features of
these rocks – the size and the chemistry of their constituent crystals.

Most of the great varieties

Great varieties
Great variation which
The great variety

In the other type, you look at a sentence with four underlined words or phrases and choose the
underlined word or phrase that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.

Example: The tides caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun and

by the rotations of the earth, moon, and sun.

You have 7 minutes to answer all of the questions.

After you have confirmed an answer, you cannot return to the question.
When you are ready to continue, click on the “Dismiss Directions” icon.

Diagnostic Test 2 16
 00 : 06 1 of 10

Directions: Click on the one underlined word or phrase that must be

changed for the sentence to be correct.

1. The anesthesiology is an important member of any surgical

A B C
team engaged in performing a major operation.
D

2 of 10

Directions: Click on the one underlined word or phrase that must be

changed for the sentence to be correct.

2. All the membranes of a cell are very thin that their width can
A B C
be seen only under the extremely high magnification of the
D
electron microscope.

3 of 10

Directions: Click on the one underlined word or phrase that must be

changed for the sentence to be correct.

3. All alkali metals are silver-white, malleable, and enough soft

A B C
to cut with a knife.
D

17 Insider
 DIAGNOSTIC
4 of 10

TEST 2
Directions: Click on the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence.

4. When a person watches a motion picture, _________ is actually

observing a series of rapidly projected still pictures.

A he
B it
C there
D so

5 of 10

Directions: Click on the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence.

5. DNA molecules _________ freely about in our bodies; they are

located on structures called chromosomes found in the
nucleus of each cell.

A not to float
B without floating
C do not float
D neither float

6 of 10

Directions: Click on the one underlined word or phrase that must be

changed for the sentence to be correct.

6. Only a very few molecule of interferon seem to be required to

A B C
protect the surrounding cells from viral infection.
D

Diagnostic Test 2 18
 7 of 10

Directions: Click on the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence.

7. Most people believe that children are better than adults

_________ a second language.

A attempt to learn
B attempting to learn it
C attempt and learn
D when attempting to learn

8 of 10

Directions: Click on the one underlined word or phrase that must be

changed for the sentence to be correct.

8. The most conspicuous sensory organ of the arthropods is the

A
compound eye, which is a evolutionary development
B C
characteristic of this one phylum.
D

9 of 10

Directions: Click on the one word or phrase that best completes the
sentence.

9. The giraffe is a plant eater, and _________ it can reach up to

the leaves of trees.

A its great height

B with its great height
C is as high as
D at the height of

19 Insider
 DIAGNOSTIC
10 of 10

TEST 2
Directions: Click on the one underlined word or phrase that must be
changed for the sentence to be correct.

10.Hawaii lies in the North Pacific some about 2,100 nautical

A B C
miles from North America.
D

Diagnostic Test 2 20
 SECTION 3
READING
Suggested Time: 15 Minutes

00: 15 Directions

When
finished
READING reading
directions
click on the
icon below

READING DIRECTIONS Dismiss

Directions

In this section, you will read 1 passage. The passage is followed by 11 questions.
You have 15 minutes to read the passage and answer all the questions.
The clock will tell you how much time you have left to read the passage and answer
all the questions in this section.
You should answer all questions about a passage on the basis of what is stated or
implied in that passage.
When you are ready to continue, click on the “Dismiss Directions” icon.

21 Insider
 DIAGNOSTIC
00 : 14 Text

TEST 2
Water exists on Earth in all three physical states: solid,
When
liquid and gas. Water evaporated from the oceans spends finished
an average of 11 days in the atmosphere before it is reading the
returned to the surface as precipitation. While water vapor passage
click on the
may occupy only a small fraction of the atmosphere, its
icon below
interplay with ocean water is fundamental in atmospheric
processes. In addition, the special properties of water,
Proceed
especially its ability to assimilate heat, influence
atmospheric circulation patterns, climate, and our day-to-
day weather.
When a substance is heated, its temperature usually
rises. Because water has a tremendous capacity to absorb
heat, its temperature rises slowly. One measure of heat is
the calorie, which is defined as the amount of heat required
to raise one gram of water by 1 degree Celsius. Twenty
calories of heat will therefore change the temperature of 1
gram of liquid water by 20 degrees Celsius, or 20 grams of
water by 1 degree Celsius. But for liquid water to
evaporate, enough heat must be absorbed by the water
molecules on the ocean surface to allow them to overcome
the relatively strong attraction that each water molecule
has for its nearest neighbors. The absorption of this heat
does not result in a temperature change because the
energy is used to overcome this attraction. It is therefore
known as latent heat, where latent means “concealed” or
“veiled.” It takes 540 calories of heat to overcome the
attractive force between water molecules and convert 1
gram of liquid water into water vapor.
When a threshold amount of energy is absorbed, the
water molecules behave independently and evaporate to
become water vapor that enters the atmosphere. As they do
so, they rise and cool, eventually converting back to a
liquid state, in a form of clouds or fog. This process is
called condensation during which the tremendous energy
absorbed during evaporation is released.

Diagnostic Test 2 22
 1-4 of 11

Water exists on Earth in all three physical states: 1. The main idea of this passage is
solid, liquid and gas. Water evaporated from the oceans about
spends an average of 11 days in the atmosphere before A the composition and
structure of water
it is returned to the surface as precipitation. While B the origin of water on Earth
water vapor may occupy only a small fraction of the C the interaction between air
atmosphere, its interplay with ocean water is and water
fundamental in atmospheric processes. In addition, the D the ability of water to
absorb heat
special properties of water, especially its ability to
assimilate heat, influence atmospheric circulation
patterns, climate, and our day-to-day weather.
When a substance is heated, its temperature usually
2. Look at the word assimilate in
rises. Because water has a tremendous capacity to the passage. Click on the word
absorb heat, its temperature rises slowly. One measure or phrase in the bold text that is
of heat is the calorie, which is defined as the amount of closest in meaning to assimilate.
heat required to raise one gram of water by 1 degree
Celsius. Twenty calories of heat will therefore change the
temperature of 1 gram of liquid water by 20 degrees
3. Evaporated water returns
Celsius, or 20 grams of water by 1 degree Celsius. But for
A in liquid form to earth
liquid water to evaporate, enough heat must be absorbed by
B in gas form to earth
the water molecules on the ocean surface to allow them to C in solid form to earth
overcome the relatively strong attraction that each water D in both liquid and gas form
molecule has for its nearest neighbors. The absorption of to earth
this heat does not result in a temperature change because
the energy is used to overcome this attraction. It is
therefore known as latent heat, where latent means
“concealed” or “veiled.” It takes 540 calories of heat to 4. Which of the following is true?
overcome the attractive force between water molecules and A The interplay between air
and water is dependent on
convert 1 gram of liquid water into water vapor.
various factors such as
When a threshold amount of energy is absorbed, the heat and wind currents.
water molecules behave independently and evaporate to B The interaction between
become water vapor that enters the atmosphere. As they do water and air is governed
so, they rise and cool, eventually converting back to a liquid by water’s ability to absorb
heat.
state, in a form of clouds or fog. This process is called
C The water evaporated from
condensation during which the tremendous energy the ocean rarely returns to
absorbed during evaporation is released. earth in liquid form.
D The interaction between
water and air has
unpredictable and varied
results.

23 Insider
 DIAGNOSTIC
5-8 of 11

TEST 2
Water exists on Earth in all three physical states: solid, 5. It can be inferred that water
liquid and gas. Water evaporated from the oceans spends A tends to remain relatively
an average of 11 days in the atmosphere before it is cool
B tends to remain in the
returned to the surface as precipitation. While water vapor
atmosphere
may occupy only a small fraction of the atmosphere, its
C tends rarely get boiling hot
interplay with ocean water is fundamental in atmospheric D tends to not alter radically
processes. In addition, the special properties of water,
especially its ability to assimilate heat, influence
atmospheric circulation patterns, climate, and our day-to- 6. Ten calories can raise
day weather. A 1 gram of water by twenty
� When a substance is heated, its temperature usually degrees Celsius
rises. Because water has a tremendous capacity to absorb B 10 grams of water by 100
heat, its temperature rises slowly. One measure of heat is degrees Celsius
the calorie, which is defined as the amount of heat required C 10 grams of water by 10
degrees Celsius
to raise one gram of water by 1 degree Celsius. Twenty
D 1 gram of water by 10
calories of heat will therefore change the temperature of 1 degrees Celsius
gram of liquid water by 20 degrees Celsius, or 20 grams of
water by 1 degree Celsius. � But for liquid water to
evaporate, enough heat must be absorbed by the water 7. Look at the word they in the
molecules on the ocean surface to allow them to overcome passage. Click on the word or
the relatively strong attraction that each water molecule phrase in the bold text that
has for its nearest neighbors. � The absorption of this heat they refers to.
does not result in a temperature change because the energy
is used to overcome this attraction. � It is therefore known
as latent heat, where latent means “concealed” or “veiled.” It 8. The following sentence can be
added to paragraph 2 or 3.
takes 540 calories of heat to overcome the attractive force
between water molecules and convert 1 gram of liquid water On the other hand, this
tremendous amount of
into water vapor. �
energy is released when water
� When a threshold amount of energy is absorbed, the vapor cools down.
water molecules behave independently and evaporate to
Where would it best fit in the
become water vapor that enters the atmosphere. � As paragraph? Click on the square
they do so, they rise and cool, eventually converting [ � ] to add the sentence to
back to a liquid state, in a form of clouds or fog. This paragraph 2 or 3.
process is called condensation during which the Paragraphs 2 and 3 are marked
with an arrow [ � ].
tremendous energy absorbed during evaporation is
released. �

Diagnostic Test 2 24
 9-11 of 11

Water exists on Earth in all three physical states: solid, 9. The second paragraph suggests
liquid and gas. Water evaporated from the oceans spends that
an average of 11 days in the atmosphere before it is A water evaporates easily and
quickly, creating sudden
returned to the surface as precipitation. While water vapor
rain or even heavy storms
may occupy only a small fraction of the atmosphere, its
B water has a greater
interplay with ocean water is fundamental in atmospheric tendency to remain in its
processes. In addition, the special properties of water, solid form than in its liquid
especially its ability to assimilate heat, influence form
atmospheric circulation patterns, climate, and our day-to- C water tends to remain cool
because it uses its energy
day weather. to resist the attraction of
When a substance is heated, its temperature usually other water molecules
rises. Because water has a tremendous capacity to absorb D water spends much energy
heat, its temperature rises slowly. One measure of heat is resisting the tendency to
the calorie, which is defined as the amount of heat required remain in its liquid form
to raise one gram of water by 1 degree Celsius. Twenty
calories of heat will therefore change the temperature of 1 10. Which of the following applies
gram of liquid water by 20 degrees Celsius, or 20 grams of to the process of condensation?
water by 1 degree Celsius. But for liquid water to evaporate, A Evaporated water returns
enough heat must be absorbed by the water molecules on to earth in liquid form,
the ocean surface to allow them to overcome the relatively releasing tremendous
energy.
strong attraction that each water molecule has for its
B There is a tremendous
nearest neighbors. The absorption of this heat does not absorption of heat as water
result in a temperature change because the energy is used molecules resist the
to overcome this attraction. It is therefore known as latent attraction of their
heat, where latent means “concealed” or “veiled.” It takes neighbors.
C The interaction of water
540 calories of heat to overcome the attractive force
and air leads to a state of
between water molecules and convert 1 gram of liquid water latent heat, which refers to
into water vapor. unfelt heat.
When a threshold amount of energy is absorbed, the D The evaporation of heat
water molecules behave independently and evaporate to cools the surface of the
water, thus increasing the
become water vapor that enters the atmosphere. As they do
atmosphere’s temperature.
so, they rise and cool, eventually converting back to a liquid
state, in a form of clouds or fog. This process is called
condensation during which the tremendous energy 11. Click on the sentence that
absorbed during evaporation is released. states the time that it takes
water vapor to return to the
ocean.

Scroll the entire passage to

see all of the paragraphs.

25 Insider
 DIAGNOSTIC
TEST 2
SECTION 4
WRITING
Suggested Time: 30 Minutes

00 : 30 Directions

When
finished
WRITING reading
directions
click on the
icon below
ESSAY DIRECTIONS
Dismiss
In this section, you will have an opportunity to demonstrate your ability to write in English. Directions
An essay topic will be given to you. You have 30 minutes to write your essay on that topic. Before the
topic is presented, you must choose whether to type your essay on the computer or to handwrite your
essay.
If you finish your essay before 30 minutes, click on Next and then on Confirm Answer. At the end of
30 minutes the computer will automatically end the section.
When you are ready to continue, click on the “Dismiss Directions” icon.

Diagnostic Test 2 26
 00 : 29 1 of 1

Read the topic below and then make any notes that will help you plan your response.
Begin typing your response in the box at the bottom of the screen, or write your answer on the
answer sheet provided to you.

When people move to another country, some of them decide to follow the customs of the
new country. Others prefer to keep their own customs. Compare these two choices. Which
do you prefer? Support your answer with specific details.

Cut

Paste

Undo

27 Insider
LISTENING SCRIPT
 Listening Script
Diagnostic Test 2
Listening Script Part A
1. (man) I can’t believe we’re only finished with midterms. This semester is speeding by.
(woman) Well, you have some great professors, so that’s natural.
(man) You’re taking some famous professors, too. What do you think about Dr. Radisson’s
regional science course?
(woman) Let me tell you, it feels like this course is never going to end.
(narrator) What does the woman mean?

2. (woman) I heard you were helping Dr. Thurman out with his new manuscript. I bet that’s
interesting.
(man) I hate it. He’s working me to death. It’s not even interesting.
(woman) At least you’re making a little money. That has to help.
(man) Money? This is an internship, not a job.
(narrator) What is the woman assuming about the man?

3. (man) I’m really liking this computer science stuff. It’s far better than boring old political
science.
(woman) See? Didn’t I tell you all along this was the right major for you?
(narrator) What can be inferred about the man?

4. (woman) Well, today is the big exam day. The last remaining classes have their exams today.
Including most biology and math courses.
(man) And there’re the economics exams, too.
(narrator) What is the man saying about the exams?

5. (man) The tryouts for the football team are tomorrow.

(woman) I hear Doug actually wants to go for starting quarterback.
(man) He’s too short for it. The coaches usually like tall quarterbacks, and Alex is at least 4
inches taller.
(woman) But Alex doesn’t have as good an arm as Doug.
(narrator) Why does the man think Doug will not be quarterback?

6. (woman) Why are you still studying? You always get the best grades in the class. You should
come out dancing with us.
(man) And I’d like to keep getting good grades.
(narrator) What is the man implying?

Listening Script Part B

Questions 7-9
Listen to a professor and his students discussing information from an earth science class. The class
is on the moon’s tidal force.
(professor) People have long known that the moon is responsible for creating the ocean’s tides on
Earth. But only recently have scientists begun to realize that this action has some
important effects on our planet. Does anyone know what I am referring to?
(woman) I read that scientists have recently discovered that the moon’s tidal pull has an
important role in lifting cold water up from the ocean depths and influencing the Earth’s
climate.
(professor) That’s exactly right. There is a U.S. satellite called the Poseidon which bounces radar off
of the oceans in order to measure sea levels precisely. Scientists involved with the
Poseidon began to wonder what happens to all the energy that the moon transfers to the

29 Insider
 Listening Script

Earth.

LISTENING
(man) I thought that energy was just dissipated around the world by friction – like when the

SCRIPT
waves and tidal currents drag along the sea floor of shallow coasts.
(professor) That does happen. But friction on the ocean floors accounts for only about 70 to 75% of
the moon’s tidal energy, especially in places like Canada’s Hudson Bay, the European
Shelf off of Great Britain, and the Australian Shelf. The remaining 25-30% dissipates in
the deep ocean, creating turbulent currents in the waters, making the cold bottom water
come up and mix with warmer surface waters.
(woman) But is that mixing important?
(professor) Remember that three-quarters of the Earth is covered with water; the oceans greatly
affect our climate. Understanding how the oceans work will help us better understand
the climate, leading to more accurate weather predictions and other advancements.
(man) If you now think that the tidal energy is responsible for mixing the oceans, what did
people used to think was responsible for the mixing before?
(professor) Winds were believed to provide the energy. Winds generate about 1 trillion watts of
power per year to the oceans. But that is only half the total force driving the oceans’
circulation. The other 1 trillion comes from the moon.
(man) One trillion watts?
(professor) That’s right. That’s enough power for 10 billion 100-watt light bulbs. It’s a lot of power.

7. What is the main topic of this discussion?

8. What is NOT one of the places the professor said the moon’s tidal energy is dissipated as friction?

9. Why are the recent discoveries about the moon’s energy significant?

Questions 10-13
Listen to part of a lecture from a business class. The professor is talking about insurance.
Almost everyone living in modern, industrialized countries buys insurance. For instance, laws in
most states require people who own a car to buy insurance before driving it on public roads.
Business partners take out life insurance on each other to make sure the business will succeed even
if one of the partners dies.
The reason people buy insurance is because of risk. No one knows in advance when a loss will occur
or how serious that loss will be. Insurance combines the risks shared by many people, thereby
reducing risks faced by a group. People pay to buy insurance coverage and, in exchange, all those
people receive a promise that their insurance organization will pay for any losses suffered by one of
their members.
Insurance is a legal contract that protects people from the financial costs that result from loss of life,
loss of health, lawsuits, or property damage. Insurance provides a means for individuals and
societies to cope with some of the risks faced in everyday life. People purchase contracts for
insurance, which are called ‘policies.’
Although there are many different kinds of insurance policies, they are all basically structured the
same. There is a deductible, which is the minimum dollar amount of loss before coverage begins. It
would be more trouble than it is worth for insurance to cover a $5 problem with a car, so the
company might only pay for damage over $200 or so. Policies also only last a set period of time,
called the policy limit. People pay for their insurance policies in regular, repeated payments called
the premium.
Insurance serves an important function for society. By allowing individuals to share risk, it helps
make life more predictable and safe. For example, banks can make loans more cheaply, knowing the
people they loan to are protected by insurance. More money available for loans means that more
businesses can run effectively. Businesses insure their property and technology against theft,
making their operating conditions safer, which in turn encourage more economic transactions.
In order to manage their exposure to risk, insurance companies generate risk profiles on their
policyholders. For example, auto insurance companies know that young drivers are more likely to get
into accidents than older drivers, so younger drivers must pay higher premiums. Similarly, people
who drive more expensive cars face more expensive repairs, so their premiums are higher. And
people who have gotten into a lot of accidents in the past are more likely to get into accidents in the

Listening Script 30
 future, so their insurance is expensive, too.

10. What is the main topic of this lecture?

11. The professor described how insurance works. Match the insurance term with its definition.

12. According to the speaker, what are the benefits of insurance?

13. What is NOT a risk factor mentioned by the professor?

Questions 14-15
Listen to part of a conversation between two people.
(woman) I can’t believe we’re actually going on a rafting trip.
(man) My friends and I have certainly been waiting for it and planning it for long enough. I’m
glad you’ve decided to come along, even if it is at the last moment. You’re going to have a
great time.
(woman) Well, it was nice of you to invite me. Say, I was wondering, how long is it going to take
us to get there?
(man) It’s about a five-hour drive to get to the camp, but once we get there and get settled in,
it’s another two hours on a camp bus to get to the starting point on the river where we
launch.
(woman) If it takes so long, we should be leaving earlier in the day. 10 am is too late.
(man) No, because the first night we are going to sleep at the campsite. That way, things aren’t
too hurried. The rafting organizers also want to make sure that everyone knows how to
swim and that we’re up to the trip. This is a long rafting trip – three days of going down
some of the biggest white water in the country.
(woman) White water rapids? You didn’t tell me there were going to be big rapids. I thought this
was just a fun, relaxing trip.
(man) It is fun. And it’s also great exercise and a chance to get some sun and fresh air far from
the city.
(woman) But it sounds dangerous.
(man) Not really. Mosquitoes are probably the most dangerous things you’re going to face.

14. What are the man and woman going to do?

15. What does the man NOT say about their trip?

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 Answer Key
Diagnostic Test 2
Listening
1. (D) 2. (A) 3. (B) 4. (D) 5. (C)
6. (A) 7. (D) 8. (C) 9. (A), (B) 10. (B)
11. Premium – Regular insurance payment
Deductible – Minimum loss before coverage begins
Limit – When the insurance coverage ends
12. (A), (D) 13. (C) 14. (D) 15. (A)

Structure
1. (A) anesthesiologist 2. (B) so 3. (C) soft enough 4. (A)
5. (C) 6. (B) molecules 7. (D) 8. (C) an 9. (B)
10. (B) (some) or (about)

Reading
1. (C) 2. absorb 3. (A) 4. (B) 5. (A)
6. (D) 7. molecules 8. D (water vapor.■When a) 9. (C)
10. (A) 11. Water evaporated ... as precipitation.

Writing
When people move to another country, some of them decide to follow the customs of the new country.
Others prefer to keep their own customs. Compare these two choices. Which do you prefer? Support your
answer with specific details.

In general, it is desirable for someone moving to another country to respect the customs of that
country and try to practice them oneself, whenever doing so is consistent with one’s own convictions.
This is only fair, because the newcomer is living in someone else’s home, so to speak, and is expected
to follow the rules of the house while there. In certain parts of Asia, for example, it is considered polite
to avoid sitting with one’s feet pointed toward another person. It may be considered uncouth to look
directly at the person to whom one is talking.
In all these cases, a person who has arrived to live in a particular society is expected to observe such
customs. Violating them is usually not a crime, but to ignore them is nonetheless considered
insensitive, if not actually insulting.
Where religion is involved, this principle takes on a new dimension. Is it reasonable to compel a
believer in a certain religion to ignore or alter the exercise of that religion in order to comply with local
custom? Most people would say no. To take a hypothetical example, imagine that a man’s particular
religion forbids him to eat cheese on Tuesdays. If he travels to a country where that religious custom

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ANSWER KEY
is not observed, should the people in that country compel him to eat cheese on Tuesdays merely
because they have no scruples against doing so? That probably would be unreasonable.
There are exceptions, then, to the general rule of showing respect for local customs. There are
occasions when “the customs of the country,” as the expression goes, do not necessarily apply to a
visitor or new resident. Still, honoring local customs is a reasonable expectation, at least where it does
not violate certain beliefs.

Answer Key 34