H2 H2 H2 H3C

Xoay C C Z H3C H C Z C Z
H3C C C H3C
H2 CH3 CH3
axial
equatorial H
H )( H H Z: la` nhom chiu hieu ung dien tu
a a Hieu ung cam:
a e
e e - Cuong do giam dan theo chieu dai mach carbon
e e - Luon luon hien dien trong moi hop chat
e a 90o
a a
CH3 CH3 CH3 H
1
1
H3C OH N OH
D H3C
(R) D 2
(R) 2
O
D O
COOH
CH3 HO
D O
(S)
D (S) O X
X: nhom day dien tu
1 2 O
CH3 O
H
CH3
1
H
2
CH3 CH3 H
H

CH3
H H CH3

H
CH3
CH3
Doi goc nhin
H
H
OH
OH
Cl
OH Cl
H3C CH3
CH3
H
CH3
H
HO
 Cong thuc cong huong
N
Cl Cl
=> N khong lien hop vao noi doi C=C

+C
Cl OCH3 OCH3 OCH3 OCH3
-I +C +C -I
-I -I
H +C
-I
OCH3 OCH3

Hieu ung liên hop:

- Cuong do khong thay doi theo chieu dai mach carbon
- Không luon luon hien dien trong moi hop chat
- Chi thay doi mat do electron tren 1 so vi tri nhat dinh, khong anh huong len toan mach carbon

Khong co nhom +C hay -C

O O O

+C -C
H3C
H3C

H
NO2
NO2
CH3
H3C Hien tuong sieu lien cua nhom alkyl len noi doi phu thuoc vao: So luong hydro allyl
C
H2
Cuong do: +H ~ +I
H3C H H CH3 Ban chat:
C C C +H: sieu lien hop --> xen phu HOMO-LUMO
H H H3C +H +I +I +H
H H3C H +I: hieu ung cam --> do am dien
CH3 +I +I Vi hieu ung dien tu co kha nang cong do`n -->
CH3 su day dien tu = (+I) + (+H)
> H3C C +I
H3C +H
CH3 H2