SM CH10 PDF

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5–1. A shaft is made of a steel alloy having an allowable

••10–1.
shear stress of allow = 84
of ttallow 12 MPa.
ksi. If Ifthe
the diameter
diameter ofofthethe shaft
shaft is
is 37.5
1.5 in.,mm, determine
determine the the maximum
maximum torqueT Tthat
torque that can
can be T
transmitted. What would be the maximum torque T¿ if a T¿
25-mm -diameter
1-in.-diameter holeholeis is boredthrough
bored throughthe theshaft?
shaft? Sketch
Sketch the
shear-stress distribution along a radial line in each case.
Allowable Shear Stress: Applying the torsion formula
Tc 84 MPa
tmax = tallow =
J
18.75 mm
T (0.75)
T(18.75)
12 = p
84 5
(0.7542))
22 (18.75
T = 0.87
T 5 kip ·# m
7.95 kN in. Ans.
Allowable Shear Stress: Applying the torsion formula
T¿c
tmax = tallow =
J
(0.75)
T¿ (18.75)
T9 56 MPa
8 12 =
4 5 12.5 mm 84 MPa
(0.7544 0.544))
p
22(18.75 –- 12.5
p
= 697961
T¿9 5
T N #· in.
6.381 kip mm==6.38
0.698 kN
kip # in.· m Ans.
T¿r 6.381(0.5)
097961(12.5)
tr = 0.5 in = 5= pp = 56.0
5 8.00 MPa
ksi
J (0.7544 –- 12.5
22(18.75 0.544))
214
592
SM_CH10.indd 592 4/11/11 9:56:33 AM

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5–2. The solid shaft of radius r is subjected to a torque T.

10–2.
r¿
Determine the radius r¿ of the inner core of the shaft that
resists one-half of the applied torque 1T>22. Solve the
r
problem two ways: (a) by using the torsion formula, (b) by
finding the resultant of the shear-stress distribution.
Tc Tr 2T
a) tmax = = p 4 =
J 2 r p r3
(T2 )r¿ T
t = 4
=
p
2 (r¿) p(r¿)3
r¿ T r¿ 2T
Since t = t ; = a b
r max p(r¿)3 r pr3
r
r¿ = 1 = 0.841 r Ans.
24
r
r¿
L0 L0
2
b) dT = 2p tr2 dr
r
r¿
L0 L0 r
2
r
dT = 2p tmax r2 dr
r
r¿
L0 L0 r pr
2
r 2T 2
dT = 2p a 3 b r dr
r¿
r L0
T 4T
= 4 r3 dr
2
r
r¿ = 1 = 0.841r Ans.
24
215
593
SM_CH10.indd 593 4/11/11 9:56:34 AM

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10–3.
5–3. The solid shaft is fixed to the support at C and
subjected to the torsional loadings shown. Determine the
shear stress at points A and B and sketch the shear stress on 10 kN�m
volume elements located at these points. C 75 mm
A B 4 kN�m
50 mm 75 mm
The internal torques developed at Cross-sections pass through point B and A are
shown in Fig. a and b, respectively.
p
The polar moment of inertia of the shaft is J = (0.0754) = 49.70(10 - 6) m4. For
2
point B, rB = C = 0.075 Thus,
TB c 4(103)(0.075)
tB = = = 6.036(106) Pa = 6.04 MPa Ans.
J 49.70(10 - 6)
From point A, rA = 0.05 m.
TArA 6(103)(0.05)
tA = = = 6.036(106) Pa = 6.04 MPa. Ans.
J 49.70 (10 - 6)
216
594
SM_CH10.indd 594 4/11/11 9:56:34 AM

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*5–4. The tube is subjected to a torque of 750 N # m.

*10–4. 75 mm
Determine the amount of this torque that is resisted by the
gray shaded section. Solve the problem two ways: (a) by
using the torsion formula, (b) by finding the resultant of the 100 mm
shear-stress distribution. 750 N�m
25 mm
a) Applying Torsion Formula:
Tc 750(0.1)
tmax = = = 0.4793 MPa
J p
2 (0.14 - 0.0254)
T¿(0.1)
tmax = 0.4793 A 106 B = p
2 (0.14 - 0.0754)
T¿ = 515 N # m Ans.
b) Integration Method:
r
t = a b tmax and dA = 2pr dr
c
dT¿ = rt dA = rt(2pr dr) = 2ptr2 dr

0.1m
L L0.075m
r
T¿ = 2ptr2 dr = 2p tmax a br2 dr
c
0.1m
2ptmax
L0.075m
= r3 dr
c
2p(0.4793)(106) r4 0.1 m
= c d2
0.1 4 0.075 m
= 515 N # m Ans.
10–5.
5–5. The copper pipe has an outer diameter of 40 mm and
an inner diameter of 37 mm. If it is tightly secured to the wall A
at A and three torques are applied to it as shown, determine
the absolute maximum shear stress developed in the pipe.
Tmax c 90(0.02) 30 N�m

tmax = = p 4 4
J 2 (0.02 - 0.0185 ) 20 N�m
= 26.7 MPa Ans..

80 N�m
217
595
SM_CH10.indd 595 4/11/11 9:56:35 AM

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5–6. The
10–6. The solid
solid shaft
shaft has
has aa diameter
diameter of
of 0.75 in. If it is
16 mm. F
subjected to the torques shown, determine the maximum E
shear stress developed in regions BC and DE of the shaft. D
The bearings at A and F allow free rotation of the shaft. C
25 lb ft
N�m
B 40 lb ft
N�m
TBC c 35(103)(8)
35(12)(0.375) A 20 lb ft
N�m
(tBC)max = = pp 4 45 43.5 = 5070
MPapsi = 5.07 ksi Ans.
J (8)
22(0.375) 35 lb ft
N�m
TDE c 3
25(12)(0.375)
25(10 )(8)
(tDE)max = = pp 4 45 31.1= 3621
MPapsi = 3.62 ksi Ans.
22 (8)
(0.375)
J
TBC = 35 N · m
25 N · m
TDE = 25 N · m
10–7.
5–7. The
The solid
solid shaft
shaft has
has aa diameter
diameter of
of 0.75
16 mm.
in. If it is F
subjected to the torques shown, determine the maximum E
shear stress developed in regions CD and EF of the shaft. D
The bearings at A and F allow free rotation of the shaft. C
lb�m
25 N ft
B 40 Nlb�m
ft
TEF c A 20 N
lb�m
ft
(tEF)max = = 0 Ans.
J lb�m
35 N ft
3
TCD c 15(12)(0.375)
15(10 )(8)
(tCD)max = = pp 4 4
J 22 (8)
(0.375)
= 18.65
5 MPa= 2.17 ksi
2173 psi Ans.
25 N · m
TCD = 15 N · m 40 N · m
218
596
SM_CH10.indd 596 4/11/11 9:56:37 AM

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05 Solutions 46060 5/28/10 1:01 PM Page 231

*5–8. The solid 30-mm-diameter shaft is used to transmit
*10–8. 300 N�m 500 N�m
the torques applied to the gears. Determine the absolute
maximum shear stress on the shaft. A
200 N�m
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently
Internal Torque: As shown on torque diagram.
exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Maximum Shear Stress: From the torque diagram Tmax = 400 N # m. Then, applying
C
torsion Formula. 400 N�m

5–26. A cylindrical spring consists of a rubber annulus 300 mm ro ri
D
bonded to a rigid ring and shaft.
TmaxIfcthe ring is held fixed and
abs =
a torque T is applied to
tmax
the shaft,
J determine the maximum B
400 mm
shear stress in the rubber.
400(0.015) T
= p = 75.5 MPa Ans. h
T 4 500 mm
F r T 2 (0.015 )
t = = =
A 2prh 2p r2 h
Shear stress is maximum when r is the smallest, i.e. r = ri. Hence,
T
tmax = Ans.
2p ri 2 h
10–9.
5–27.
•5–9. TheThe shaft
A-36 consists
steel shaft is supported
of three concentric on smooth
tubes, each 300 N�m
bearings that allow it to rotate freely. If the
made from the same material and having the inner and gears are T � 800 N�m
subjected
outer radiito the torques
shown. shown,
If a torque = 800 N # m
of Tdetermine theis applied
maximum to 100 N�m
shear stress
the rigid diskdeveloped
fixed to its in the
end, segmentsthe
determine AB and BC.shear
maximum The
shaft
stresshas a diameter
in the shaft. of 40 mm. ri � 20 mm
2m
A ro � 25 mm
The pinternal torque developed p in segments AB and BCp are shown in their 200 N�m
4 4
J = ((0.038)
respective FBDs, -Figs.
(0.032)
a and + ((0.030)4 - (0.026)4) + ((0.025)4 - (0.020)4)
) b.
2 2 2 B
ri � 26 mm
-6 4
ro � 30 mm
J = 2.545(10 ) m p
The polar moment of inertia of the shaft is J = (0.024) = 80(10-9)p m4. Thus,
2
Tc 800(0.038) ri � 32 mm C
tmax = = = 11.9 MPa Ans. ro � 38 mm
J TAB-c6) 300(0.02)
2.545(10
A AB B max
t = = = 23.87(106
)Pa = 23.9 MPa Ans.
J 80(10-9)p
TBC c 200(0.02)
A tBC B max = = = 15.92(106) Pa = 15.9 MPa Ans.
J 80(10-9)p
219
597
SM_CH10.indd 597 4/11/11 9:56:38 AM

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Upper Saddle
Saddle River,
River, NJ.NJ.
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protectedunder
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exist. NoNo portion
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publisher.

*5–28.
10–10. The A-36 steel shaft is supported on smooth 300 N�m
bearings that allow it to rotate freely. If the gears are
subjected to the torques shown, determine the required
100 N�m
diameter of the shaft to the nearest mm if tallover = 60 MPa.
exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, withoutApermission in writing from the publisher.
The internal torque developed in segments AB and BC are shown in their
respective FBDs, Fig. a and b 200 N�m
B
5–10. The coupling is used to connect the two shafts T
Here, segment AB is critical since its internal torque is the greatest. The polar
together. Assuming that the shear stress 4in the 4bolts is
p d pd
moment
uniform,ofdetermine
inertia of the shaft is Jof=boltsa necessary
the number b = to. Thus,
make R
2 2 32
the maximum shear stress in the shaft equal to the shear C
stress in the bolts. Each
TC bolt has a diameter d.
300(d>2)
tallow = ; 60(106) = r
J pd4>32
n is the number of bolts and F is the shear force in each bolt.
T
T d = 0.02942 m = 30 mm Ans.
T - nFR = 0; F =
nR
T
F nR 4T
tavg = = p 2 =
A ( 4 )d nRpd2
Maximum shear stress for the shaft:
Tc Tr 2T
tmax = = p 4 =
J 2r pr3
4T 2T
tavg = tmax ; =
nRpd2 p r3
2 r3
n = Ans.
Rd2
•5–29. When drilling a well at constant angular velocity, TB

5–11.
10–11.
the The assembly
bottom end of the consists
drill pipeof two sections ofa galvanized
encounters torsional
steel pipe T
resistance connected together
along using a reducing coupling at B. B
A . Also, soil the sides of the pipe creates a
The smaller
smallerpipe pipehas has C
distributed frictional anan outer
outer
torque diameterdiameter
along of
ofits0.75 18.75
in.
length,andmm and
an inner
varying
an inner diameter
diameter
uniformly of
from0.68 ofatwhereas
in.,
zero 17
themm,surface whereas
the B to tthe
larger atlarger
Apipe A.has pipe has
an outer
Determine
an
the outer
diameter
minimum diameter
of 1 in. andofan
torque T25 mmdiameter
Binner
that and an
must beinner
of 0.86
supplieddiameter
in.by theof
If the pipe21.5
drive is
mm.
unit If
tightly the
tosecured pipetoisthe
overcome tightly
wall secured
the at totorques,
C, determine
resisting the wall at C, determine
the maximum
and shear
compute B
the
the maximum
stress developed
maximum shear
shear stress
in each
stress indeveloped
section
the of in
theThe
pipe. pipeeach section
when
pipe hasthe of the
an couple
outer
pipe
shown
radius when
riso andtheancouple
applied shown
to theradius
inner handles risi .of
applied to the handles of the
the wrench. L
wrench. A
1
TA + t L - TB = 0
2 A 75 N
15 lb1506 mm
in.
tA
2TA + tAL 3 2008mm
in. TA
TB = Tc 210(0.375)
26.25(10 )(9.375) Ans. A
tAB = 2= pp 44 4 4 5=62.5
7.82MPa
ksi Ans.
J 2 2 (9.375
(0.375 –- 8.5
0.34) )
15Nlb
75
Maximum Tc shear stress:
26.25(10 3 The maximum torque is within the region above the
210(0.5))(12.5)
tBC =
distributed = p
torque. 4 =
5 2.36
18.9 ksi
MPa Ans.
J 22 (12.5
(0.5 4
-
– 0.4344))
10.75
Tc
tmax =
J
(2TA + tAL)
[ 2 ] (r0) (2TA + tAL)r0
tmax = p 4 4
= Ans. 26.25 N · m
(r
2 0 - r i) p(r40 - r4i ) TAB = 26.25 N · m
26.25 N · m
TBC = 26.25 N · m
598
232
SM_CH10.indd 598 4/11/11 9:56:42 AM

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Allrights
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*5–12. The motor delivers a torque of 50 N # m to the shaft

*10–12.
AB. This torque is transmitted to shaft CD using the gears
at E and F. Determine the equilibrium torque T� on shaft
CD and the maximum shear stress in each shaft. The A
bearings B, C, and D allow free rotation of the shafts. 50 mm
30 mm
Equilibrium: B C
E
a + ©ME = 0; 50 - F(0.05) = 0 F = 1000 N
35 mm 125 mm
a + ©MF = 0; T¿ - 1000(0.125) = 0 T¿ D
F
T¿ = 125 N # m Ans.
Internal Torque: As shown on FBD.
Maximum Shear Stress: Applying torsion Formula.
TAB c 50.0(0.015)
(tAB)max = = p 4
= 9.43 MPa Ans.
2 (0.015 )
J
TCDc 125(0.0175)
(tCD)max = = p 4
= 14.8 MPa Ans.
2 (0.0175 )
J
•5–13. If the applied torque on shaft CD is T¿ = 75 N # m,

•10–13.
determine the absolute maximum shear stress in each shaft.
The bearings B, C, and D allow free rotation of the shafts,
and the motor holds the shafts fixed from rotating. A
50 mm
Equilibrium: 30 mm
B C
a + ©MF = 0; 75 - F(0.125) = 0; F = 600 N E
35 mm 125 mm
a + ©ME = 0; 600(0.05) - TA = 0
T¿ D
TA = 30.0 N # m
F
Maximum Shear Stress: Applying the torsion formula
TEA c 30.0(0.015)
(tEA)max = = p 4
= 5.66 MPa Ans.
2 (0.015 )
J
TCDc 75.0(0.0175)
(tCD)max = = p 4
= 8.91 MPa Ans.
2 (0.0175 )
J
221
599
SM_CH10.indd 599 4/11/11 9:56:44 AM

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publisher.
10–14.
5–14. The solid 50-mm-diameter shaft is used to transmit 250 N�m
the torques applied to the gears. Determine the absolute
maximum shear stress in the shaft.
A 75 N�m
325 N�m
B 150 N� m
500 mm C
D
The internal torque developed in segments AB , BC and CD of the shaft are shown 400 mm
in Figs. a, b and c.
500 mm
The maximum torque occurs in segment AB. Thus, the absolute maximum shear
stress occurs in this segment. The polar moment of inertia of the shaft is
p
J = (0.0254) = 0.1953p(10 - 6)m4. Thus,
2
TAB c 250(0.025)
A tmax B abs = = = 10.19(106)Pa = 10.2 MPa Ans.
J 0.1953p(10 - 6)
222
600
SM_CH10.indd 600 4/11/11 9:56:45 AM

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5–15. The solid shaft is made of material that has an

10–15. 15 N�m
allowable shear stress of tallow = 10 MPa. Determine the 25 N�m
required diameter of the shaft to the nearest mm. A
30 N�m
B 60 N�m
C 70 N�m
D
E
The internal torques developed in each segment of the shaft are shown in the torque
diagram, Fig. a.
Segment DE is critical since it is subjected to the greatest internal torque. The polar
p d 4 p 4
moment of inertia of the shaft is J = a b = d . Thus,
2 2 32
d
70a b
TDE c 2
tallow = ; 10(106) =
J p 4
d
32
d = 0.03291 m = 32.91 mm = 33 mm Ans.
223
601
SM_CH10.indd 601 4/11/11 9:56:46 AM

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publisher.
*10–16.
*5–16. The solid shaft has a diameter of 40 mm. 15 N�m
Determine the absolute maximum shear stress in the shaft 25 N�m
and sketch the shear-stress distribution along a radial line A
of the shaft where the shear stress is maximum. 30 N�m
B 60 N�m
The internal torque developed in each segment of the shaft are shown in the torque C 70 N�m
diagram, Fig. a.
D
Since segment DE subjected to the greatest torque, the absolute maximum shear E
p
stress occurs here. The polar moment of inertia of the shaft is J = (0.024)
-9 4 2
= 80(10 )p m . Thus,
TDE c 70(0.02)
tmax = = = 5.57(106) Pa = 5.57 MPa Ans.
J 80(10 - 9)p
The shear stress distribution along the radial line is shown in Fig. b.
•5–17. The
•10–17. Therod
rod has
has a diameter
diameter ofof25
1 mm
in. and
andaa weight
weight of
10 lb/ft.
150 N/m. Determine
Determine thethe
maximum
maximum torsional stress
torsional in the
stress in rod
the A
at a at
rod section located
a section at Aatdue
located to the
A due to rod’s weight.
the rod’s weight. 1.35 m
4.5 ft 0.45
1.5 ftm
B
0.45 m
1.5 ft
Here, we are only interested in the internal torque. Thus, other components of the
internal loading are not indicated in the FBD of the cut segment of the rod, Fig. a.
1.2
4 ftm
©Mx = 0; TAA –-150(1.2)(0.6)
10(4)(2) = 0= 0 TATA==80
108 # ft· m
lb N a
12in
b = 960 lb # in.
1ft
p
The polar moment of inertia of the cross section at A is J = (0.54)4)== 0.03125p
(12.5 12207p mmin44.
2
Thus 0.6 m
3
960 (0.5) 150(1.2) N
TA c 108(10 )(12.5)
tmax = = = 4889.24
5 35.2psi
MPa= 4.89 ksi Ans.
J 0.03125p
12207p
224
602
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River,NJ.
NJ.All
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reserved.This
Thismaterial
protectedunder
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lawsasasthey
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exist.No
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formor
orby
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5–18. The
10–18. The rod
rod has diameter of
has a diameter of251 mm
in. and
and aa weight
weight of
15 lb/ft.
225 N/m. Determine
Determine thethe
maximum
maximum torsional stress
torsional in the
stress in rod
the A
at a at
rod section located
a section at Bat
located due to the
B due to rod’s weight.
the rod’s weight. 4.5 ft
1.35 m 0.45
1.5 ftm
B
1.5 ft
0.45 m
4 ftm
1.2
Here, we are only interested in the internal torque. Thus, other components of the
internal loading are not indicated in the FBD of the cut segment of the rod, Fig. a.
162lbN# ft b = 1440 lb # in.

12 in
©Mx = 0; TBB –-225(1.2)(0.6)
15(4)(2) = 0= 0 TBT=
B=120 · ma
1ft
p
(0.54)4)
The polar moment of inertia of the cross-section at B is J = (12.5
44 2
= 12207p
= mm
0.03125p in . Thus,
3
1440(0.5)
TB c 162(10 )(12.5)
tmax = = = 7333.86
5 52.8psi
MPa= 7.33 ksi Ans.
J 0.03125p
12207p
TB = 162 N · m
0.6 m
Tmax = 52.8 MPa
225(1.2) N 12.5 mm
225
603
SM_CH10.indd 603 4/11/11 9:56:47 AM

©© 2011
2010 Pearson
Pearson Education,
Education, Inc.,
Inc., Upper
Upper Saddle
Saddle River,
River, NJ.NJ.
AllAllrights
rightsreserved.
protectedunder
copyrightlaws
lawsasasthey
theycurrently
currently
exist.
exist. NoNo portion
portion ofof this
this material
material may
any formformoror
byby any
any means,
means, without
without permission
writing from
from the
the publisher.
publisher.
10–19. Two wrenches are used to tighten the pipe. If P =

5–19.
P
300 N is applied to each wrench, determine the maximum
torsional shear stress developed within regions AB and BC.
The pipe has an outer diameter of 25 mm and inner C 250 mm
diameter of 20 mm. Sketch the shear stress distribution for
both cases. B
Internal Loadings: The internal torque developed in segments AB and BC of the A

pipe can be determined by writing the moment equation of equilibrium about the x
axis by referring to their respective free - body diagrams shown in Figs. a and b.
250 mm
©Mx = 0; TAB - 300(0.25) = 0 TAB = 75 N # m
P
And
©Mx = 0; TBC - 300(0.25) - 300(0.25) = 0 TBC = 150 N # m
Allowable Shear Stress: The polar moment of inertia of the pipe is

p
J = A 0.01254 - 0.014 B = 22.642(10 - 9)m4.
2
TAB c 75(0.0125)
A tmax B AB = = = 41.4 MPa Ans.
J 22.642(10 - 9)
TAB r 75(0.01)
A tAB B r = 0.01 m = = = 33.1 MPa
J 22.642(10 - 9)
TBC c 150(0.0125)
A tmax B BC = = = 82.8 MPa Ans.
J 22.642(10 - 9)
TBC r 150(0.01)
A tBC B r = 0.01 m = = = 66.2 MPa
J 22.642(10 - 9)
The shear stress distribution along the radial line of segments AB and BC of the
pipe is shown in Figs. c and d, respectively.
226
604
SM_CH10.indd 604 4/11/11 9:56:51 AM

©©2011
2010Pearson
PearsonEducation,
Education,Inc.,
Inc.,Upper
UpperSaddle
SaddleRiver,
River,NJ.
NJ.All
Allrights
rightsreserved.
reserved.This
Thismaterial
protectedunder
copyrightlaws
lawsasasthey
theycurrently
currently
exist.
exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
maybe
bereproduced,
reproduced,ininany
anyform
formor
orby
byany
anymeans,
means,without
withoutpermission
writingfrom
publisher.
*5–20.
*10–20. Two wrenches are used to tighten the pipe. If the P
pipe is made from a material having an allowable shear stress
of tallow = 85 MPa, determine the allowable maximum force
250 mm
P that can be applied to each wrench. The pipe has an outer C
diameter of 25 mm and inner diameter of 20 mm.
B
250 mm
Internal Loading: By observation, segment BC of the pipe is critical since it is
P
subjected to a greater internal torque than segment AB. Writing the moment
equation of equilibrium about the x axis by referring to the free-body diagram
shown in Fig. a, we have
©Mx = 0; TBC - P(0.25) - P(0.25) = 0 TBC = 0.5P
Allowable Shear Stress: The polar moment of inertia of the pipe is

p
J = A 0.01254 - 0.014 B = 22.642(10 - 9)m4
2
TBC c 0.5P(0.0125)
tallow = ; 85(106) =
J 22.642(10 - 9)
P = 307.93N = 308 N Ans.
227
605
SM_CH10.indd 605 4/11/11 9:56:54 AM

©© 2011
2010 Pearson
Pearson Education,
Education, Inc.,
Inc., Upper
Upper Saddle
Saddle River,
River, NJ.NJ.
AllAllrights
rightsreserved.
protectedunder
copyrightlaws
lawsasasthey
theycurrently
currently
exist.
exist. NoNo portion
portion ofof this
this material
material may
any formformoror
byby any
any means,
means, without
without permission
writing from
from the
the publisher.
publisher.
•5–21. The 60-mm-diameter solid shaft is subjected to the

•10–21.
distributed and concentrated torsional loadings shown.
Determine the absolute maximum and minimum shear 2 kN�m/m A
stresses on the outer surface of the shaft and specify their
locations, measured from the fixed end A.
1.5 m
1200 N�m B
0.8 m
C
The internal torque for segment BC is Constant TBC = 1200 N # m, Fig. a. However,
the internal for segment AB varies with x, Fig. b.
TAB - 2000x + 1200 = 0 TAB = (2000x - 1200) N # m
The minimum shear stress occurs when the internal torque is zero in segment AB.
By setting TAB = 0,
0 = 2000x - 1200 x = 0.6 m Ans.
And
d = 1.5 m - 0.6 m = 0.9 m Ans.
tmin = 0 Ans.
The maximum shear stress occurs when the internal torque is the greatest. This
occurs at fixed support A where
d = 0 Ans.
At this location,
(TAB)max = 2000(1.5) - 1200 = 1800 N # m
p
The polar moment of inertia of the rod is J = (0.034) = 0.405(10 - 6)p. Thus,
2
(TAB)max c 1800(0.03)
tmax = = = 42.44(106)Pa = 42.4 MPa Ans.
J 0.405(10 - 6)p
228
606
SM_CH10.indd 606 4/11/11 9:56:58 AM

©©2011
2010Pearson
PearsonEducation,
Education,Inc.,
Inc.,Upper
UpperSaddle
SaddleRiver,
River,NJ.
NJ.All
Allrights
rightsreserved.
reserved.This
Thismaterial
protectedunder
copyrightlaws
lawsasasthey
theycurrently
currently
exist.
exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
maybe
bereproduced,
reproduced,ininany
anyform
formor
orby
byany
anymeans,
means,without
withoutpermission
writingfrom
publisher.
5–22. The solid shaft is subjected to the distributed and

10–22.
concentrated torsional loadings shown. Determine the
required diameter d of the shaft to the nearest mm if the 2 kN�m/m A
allowable shear stress for the material is tallow = 50 MPa.
1.5 m
1200 N�m B
0.8 m
C
The internal torque for segment BC is constant TBC = 1200 N # m, Fig. a. However,
the internal torque for segment AB varies with x, Fig. b.
TAB - 2000x + 1200 = 0 TAB = (2000x - 1200) N # m
For segment AB, the maximum internal torque occurs at fixed support A where
x = 1.5 m. Thus,
A TAB B max = 2000(1.5) - 1200 = 1800 N # m
Since A TAB B max 7 TBC, the critical cross-section is at A. The polar moment of inertia
p d 4 pd4
of the rod is J = a b = . Thus,
2 2 32
Tc 1800(d>2)
tallow = ; 50(106) =
J pd4>32
d = 0.05681 m = 56.81 mm = 57 mm Ans.
229
607
SM_CH10.indd 607 4/11/11 9:57:01 AM

•5–29. When drilling a well at constant angular velocity,

•10–23. TB
the bottom end of the drill pipe encounters a torsional
resistance TA . Also, soil along the sides of the pipe creates a B
distributed frictional torque along its length, varying
uniformly from zero at the surface B to tA at A. Determine
the minimum torque TB that must be supplied by the drive
unit to overcome the resisting torques, and compute
the maximum shear stress in the pipe. The pipe has an outer
radius ro and an inner radius ri . L
1
TA + t L - TB = 0
2 A
tA
2TA + tAL TA
TB = Ans. A
2
Maximum shear stress: The maximum torque is within the region above the
distributed torque.
Tc
tmax =
J
(2TA + t L)
[ 2
A
] (r0) (2TA + tAL)r0
05 Solutions =
tmax 46060p 5/28/10 =
1:01p(r
PM4 -Page Ans.
(r
2 0
4
- r4
i ) 0 r4i ) 230
232
*5–24. The
*10–24. Thecopper
copperpipe
pipe has an outer
outer diameter
diameterof of62.5
2.50mm
in.
innerdiameter
and an inner diameterof
of57.5
2.30mm.
in. IfIfititisistightly
tightly secured to the
wall at C and a uniformly distributed torque is applied to it
B
as shown, determine the shear stress developed at points A
and B. These points lie on the pipe’s outer surface. Sketch A C
the shear stress on volume elements located at A and B. 625 lb�ft/ft
125 Nm/m
4100
in. mm
9225
in.mm
300in.
12 mm
Maximum Shear Stress: Applying the torsion formula

625(300)(10–3) = 187.5 N · m
TA c
tA = TA = 187.5 N · m
J
3
125.0(12)(1.25)
187.5(10 )(31.25) 625(525)(10–3) = 328.125 N · m
= = 13.79
5 MPa
1.72 ksi Ans. TB = 328.125 N · m
(1.2544 1.1544))
p
22 (31.25–- 28.75
TB c
tB =
J
3
218.75(12)(1.25)
328.125(10 )(31.25)
= pp 4 4 4 4
= 3.02
5 ksi MPa
24.14 Ans.
(31.25
2 2(1.25 -–1.15
28.75))
YB = 24.14 MPa
YA = 13079 MPa
•5–25. The copper pipe has an outer diameter of 2.50 in. 608
and an inner diameter of 2.30 in. If it is tightly secured to
the wall at C and it is subjected to the uniformly distributed
torque along its entire length, determine the absolute B
SM_CH10.indd 608 4/11/11 9:57:03 AM
A
= p 4 4
= 3.02 ksi Ans.
05 Solutions 46060 5/28/10 1:012 PM - 1.15
(1.25Page 233)
•10–25.
•5–25. TheThecopper
copperpipe
pipe has
has an outer
outer diameter
diameterofof62.5
2.50mmin.
and anan inner
inner diameter
diameterof of57.5
2.30mm.
in. IfIfitit isis tightly
tightly secured to
the
5–30.wallThe
at Cshaft
and itisissubjected
subjectedtotoathe uniformly
distributed distributed
torque along
2 N #length,
2 B
torque
its lengthalong
of t =its110x
entire determine
m>m, where x is in the absolute
meters. If the
maximum shear stress stress
in the in shaft
the pipe.
is toDiscuss
remain theconstant
validity of
at A C
625
125 Nm/m
lb�ft/ft 3 m
this result.
80 MPa, determine the required variation of the radius c of
4100
in.mm
the shaft for 0 … x … 3 m.
225
9 in.mm
Internal Torque: The maximum torque occurs at the support C. x
c
x
300 mm
L L0T
10 3 12 in.
10 x2dx = x#
m # ft
T = t dx = 62525 in.
max ==625
Tmax N lb
(125 3· m/m a
ft>ft)a mb = b390.625 N · lb
= 260.42
12 in.>ft
1000
t � (10x2) N�m/m
Tc 6
(10 3
3 )x c
t =
Maximum; 80(10 ) =
Shear Stress: Applying
p 4 the torsion formula
J c 2
c = 26.526(10 ) xt abs = Tmax c

3 -9 3
max J
c = (2.98 x) mm Ans.
3
260.42(12)(1.25)
390.625(10 )(31.25)
= pp 4 4 4)
4 – 28.75
=5 28.73
3.59 ksi MPa Ans. 625(625)(10–3) = 390.625 N · m
(31.25
2 2(1.25 - 1.15 )
Tmax = 390.625 N · m
According to Saint-Venant’s principle, application of the torsion formula should be

as points sufficiently removed from the supports or points of concentrated loading.
5–31.
10–26. The solid steel shaft AC has a diameter of 25 mm and 2 kW 3 kW
is supported by smooth bearings at D and E. It is coupled to 25 mm
1 kW
a motor at C, which delivers 3 kW of power to the shaft
while it is turning at 50 rev>s. If gears A and B remove 1 kW
and 2 kW, respectively, determine the maximum shear stress 230 A
developed in the shaft within regions AB and BC. The shaft D E
B C
is free to turn in its support bearings D and E.
3(103)
= 9.549 N # m
P
TC = =
v 50(2p)
T = 3.183 N # m
1
TA =
3 C
TC 3.183 (0.0125)
(tAB)max = = p 4
= 1.04 MPa Ans.
2 (0.0125 )
J
TC 9.549 (0.0125)
(tBC)max = = p 4
= 3.11 MPa Ans.
2 (0.0125 )
J
609
233
SM_CH10.indd 609 4/11/11 9:57:05 AM
©© 2011
2010 Pearson
Pearson Education,
Education, Inc.,
Inc., Upper
Upper Saddle
Saddle River,
River, NJ.NJ.
AllAllrights
rightsreserved.
protectedunder
copyrightlaws
lawsasasthey
theycurrently
currently
exist.
exist. NoNo portion
portion ofof this
this material
material may
any formformoror
byby any
any means,
means, without
without permission
writing from
from the
the publisher.
publisher.
*5–32. The pump operates using the motor that has a

10–27.
150 rev/min
power of 85 W. If the impeller at B is turning at 150 rev>min, B
determine the maximum shear stress developed in the A
20-mm-diameter transmission shaft at A.
Internal Torque:
rev 2p rad 1 min

v = 150 ¢ ≤ = 5.00p rad>s
min rev 60 s
P = 85 W = 85 N # m>s
= 5.411 N # m
P 85
T = =
v 5.00p
Maximum Shear Stress: Applying torsion formula

Tc
tmax =
J
5.411 (0.01)
=
p 4
= 3.44 MPa Ans.
2 (0.01 )
*10–28.
•5–47.
5–33. The
Thepropellers
gear motorofcan
a ship are connected
develop 2 hp when to a A-36
it turns at
steel shaft that
450 rev>min. is 60shaft
If the m long
has aand has an of
diameter outer
1 in.,diameter of
determine
340 mm and inner diameter of 260 mm. If the
the maximum shear stress developed in the shaft. power output is
4.5 MW when the shaft rotates at 20 rad>s, determine the
maximum torsional stress in the shaft and its angle of twist.
The angular velocity of the shaft is
4.5(106) rev 2p rad 1 min

T =
P
= v = ¢ 450 ≤ 3¢) N # m ≤ ¢
= 225(10 ≤ = 15p rad>s
v 20 min 1 rev 60 s
3
power is 225(10 )(0.170)
and the Tc
tmax = = = 44.3 MPa Ans.
J p 4
[(0.170) - (0.130) # 4
550 ft lb>s]
2 P = 2 hp ¢ ≤ = 1100 ft # lb>s
1 hp
TL 225 A 103 B (60)
f =
ThenJG = = 0.2085 rad = 11.9° Ans.
p
[(0.170)4 - (0.130)4)75(109)
2
= 23.34 lb # ft a b = 280.11 lb # in
P 1100 12 in
T = =
v 15p 1ft
*5–48. A shaft is subjected to a torque T. Compare p the

The polar moment of inertia of the shaft is J = (0.54) = 0.03125p in4. Thus,
effectiveness of using the tube shown in the figure 2 with that
of a solid section of radius c. To do this, compute the percent T
increase in torsionalTc 280.11 (0.5)
tmax = stress
= and angle of=twist per unit
1426.60 length
psi = 1.43 ksi Ans. c
J solid0.03125p
for the tube versus the section. 2
T
c
Shear stress:
For the tube, c

Tc
(tt)max =
Jt
For the solid shaft,
Tc
(ts)max =
Js
Tc Tc
(ts)max - (tt)max Jt - Js
% increase in shear stress = (100) = Tc
(100)
(tt)max Js
Js - Jt
p
2 c4 - [p2 [c4 - (p2234
)610
4
]]
= (100) = p 4 p 4
(100)
2 [c - ( 2 ) ]
Jt
SM_CH10.indd 610 = 6.67 % Ans. 4/11/11 9:57:07 AM

TL 225 A 103 B (60)
f = = = 0.2085 rad = 11.9° Ans.
JG p
[(0.170)4 - (0.130)4)75(109)
© 2011 Pearson
2 Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently
10–29.
*5–48. A shaft is subjected to a torque T. Compare the
effectiveness of using the tube shown in the figure with that
of a solid section of radius c. To do this, compute the percent T
increase in torsional stress and angle of twist per unit length
c
for the tube versus the solid section. 2
T
c
Shear stress:
For the tube, c

Tc
(tt)max =
Jt
For the solid shaft,

Tc
(ts)max =
Js
Tc Tc
(ts)max - (tt)max Jt - Js
% increase in shear stress = (100) = Tc
(100)
(tt)max Js
Js - Jt
p
2 c4 - [p2 [c4 - (p2 )4]]
= (100) = (100)
Jt p
2 [c4 - (p2 )4]
= 6.67 % Ans.
Angle of twist:
For the tube,
TL
ft =
Jt(G)
For the shaft,
TL
fs =
Js(G)
TL TL
ft - fs Jt(G) - Js(G)
% increase in f = (100%) = TL
(100%)
fs Js(G)
Js - Jt
p
2 c4 - [p2 [c4 - (p2 )4]]
= (100%) = (100%)
Jt p
2 [c4 - (p2 )4]
= 6.67 % Ans.
242
611
SM_CH10.indd 611 4/11/11 9:57:10 AM

©© 2011
2010 Pearson
Pearson Education,
Education, Inc.,
Inc., Upper
Upper Saddle
Saddle River,
River, NJ.NJ.
AllAll rights
rights reserved.
reserved. This
This material
material is is protected
protected under
under allall copyright
copyright laws
laws asas they
they currently
currently
exist.
exist. NoNo portion
portion of of this
this material
material maymay
bebe reproduced,
reproduced, in in any
any form
form oror
byby
anyany means,
means, without
without permission
permission in in writing
writing from
from thethe publisher.
publisher.
•5–49. The A-36 steel axle is made from tubes AB and CD

•10–30.
and a solid section BC. It is supported on smooth bearings 400 mm D
that allow it to rotate freely. If the gears, fixed to its ends, are
subjected to 85-N # m torques, determine the angle of twist
85 N�m
250 mm
of gear A relative to gear D. The tubes have an outer
diameter of 30 mm and an inner diameter of 20 mm. The 400 mm C
solid section has a diameter of 40 mm.
B
TL A
fND = ©
JG
2(85)(0.4) (85)(0.25)
= 4 4 9
+ 85 N�m
p
2 (0.015 - 0.01 )(75)(10 ) p
2 (0.024)(75)(109)
= 0.01534 rad = 0.879° Ans.
5–50. The
5–31.
10–31. The hydrofoil
hydrofoilboatboat hashas an A-36
an A-36 steelsteel propeller
propeller shaft
shaftisthat
that 30 mis long.
100 ftItlong. It is connected
is connected to an diesel
to an in-line in-lineengine
diesel
engine
that that delivers
delivers a maximum a maximum
power of 2000power kWofand2500 hp and
causes the
causes
shaft the shaft
to rotate to rpm.
at 1700 rotate at outer
If the 1700 diameter
rpm. If ofthetheouter
shaft
diameter
is 200 mmofand thethe
shaft is 8thickness
wall in. and the wall
is 10 mm,thickness
determineis 38 the
in.,
determine shear
maximum the maximum shear in
stress developed stress developed
the shaft. in the
Also, what is
shaft.
the Also,
“wind what
up,” is the of
or angle “wind
twistup,”
in theorshaft
angleatof twist
full in the
power?
30 mft
100
shaft at full power?
Internal Torque:
rev 2p rad 1 min

v = 1700 a b = 56.667p
56.67p rad>s
rad/s
min rev 60 s
550 ft # lb>s
= 2000
P5 hp a
2500 kW b = 1 375 000 ft # lb>s
1 hp
kNlb· #m
P 12000
375 000
T = = = 7723.7
5 11.2344 ft
v 56.67p
56.667
Maximum Shear Stress: Applying torsion Formula.
Tc
tmax =
J
6
7723.7(12)(4)
11.2344(10 )(100)
= p p4 4 44 = 5 20.797
2.83 ksi MPa Ans.
2 (4
2 (100
- – 90
3.625 )
Angle of Twist:
6
TL 11.2344(10 )(30)(103)
7723.7(12)(100)(12)
f = = pp 4 4
JG (100 – 904)75(10
4 3 6
)
2 2(4 - 3.625 )11.0(10 )
= 0.07725 rad5=4.766°
0.0832 rad 4.43° Ans.
243
612
SM_CH10.indd 612 4/11/11 9:57:11 AM

©©2011
2011Pearson
PearsonEducation,
Education,Inc.,
Inc.,Upper
UpperSaddle
SaddleRiver,
River,NJ.
NJ.All
All rights
rights reserved.
reserved. This
This material
protected under
copyright laws
laws asas they
they currently
currently
exist.No
exist. Noportion
portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
maybebereproduced,
reproduced,ininany
anyform
formororbybyany
anymeans,
means,without
withoutpermission
writingfrom
fromthe
thepublisher.
publisher.
*10–32.
*10–32. The engine
engine of of the
the helicopter
helicopterisisdelivering
delivering450 600kWhp
to the rotor shaft AB when the blade is rotating at
1200 rev/min. Determinetotothe
rev>min.Determine nearest5 18mm
thenearest in. the diameter
shaft AB
of the shaft ABififthe
theallowable
allowableshear
shearstress
stressisistallow = 8 ksi
= 56 MPa
tallow
and the vibrations limit the
vibration limit the angle
angle of
of twist
twist ofof the shaft to
0.05 rad. The shaft is 0.6
2 ft m
long and
long andmade
made from
from L2L2steel.
steel.
B
TL 7723.7(12)(100)(12)
f = =
JG p
2 (44 - 3.6254)11.0(106)
= 0.07725 rad = 4.43° Ans.
1200(2)(p)
v = = 125.66 rad>s
60
P = Tv
450(103) = T(125.66)
600(550)
T = 3581.1 # ft
2626.06Nlb· m
Shear - stress failure
3581.1(103)c
Tc
tallow =
J p2 c4
2626.06(12)c
8(103) =c 5 34.4
p 4
mm
2 c
c = 1.3586 in.
Angle of twist limitation
TL
f =
JG
2626.06(12)(2)(12)
3581.1(10 3
)(0.6)(103)
0.05 = p p4 4
c (75)(1036)
2 c2 (11.0)(10 )
= 24.6
c5 0.967mm
in.
Shear - stress failure controls the design.
d = 2c = 2(34.4) = 2.72
5 68.8
2 (1.3586) mmin.
Use d = 70
2.75
mmin. Ans.
612
613
SM_CH10.indd 613 4/11/11 9:57:13 AM

©© 2011
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AllAllrights
rightsreserved.
This materialis isprotected
protectedunder
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lawsasasthey
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exist. NoNo portion
portion ofof
thisthis material
material may
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10–33.
*5–52. The engine
*5–33. engineof of the the
helicopter is delivering
helicopter 600 hp
is delivering
to the
450 kW to rotor shaft shaft
the rotor AB AB whenwhenthetheblade
bladeisisrotating
rotating at
rev/mm. Determine to the
1200 rev>min. nearest18 multiples
thenearest in. the diameter
of 5 mm of
shaft AB of
the diameter if the
theallowable
shaft AB shear stress is tallow
if the allowable shear= stress
10.5 ksi
is
tand
allowthe vibrations
= 73.5 MPa and limit
the the angle of
vibrations twist
limit theofangle
the shaft to
of twist
0.05
of rad.
the Thetoshaft
shaft 0.05israd.
2 ft The
long shaft
and made
is 0.6from
m longL2 steel.
and made
from L2 steel.
A
B
1200(2)(p)
v = = 125.66 rad>s
60
P = Tv
450(103) 5
600(550) = T(125.66)
T(125.66)
lb # ft N · m
T 5 3581.1
T = 2626.06
Shear - stress failure
2626.06(12)c
3581.1(10
3
3
)c
tallow = 710.5(10)
3.5 5 =p 4 p 4
2c 2 c
= 31.4
c5 1.2408
mmin.
Angle of twist limitation
TL
f =
JG
3
)(0.6)(103)
2626.06(12)(2)(12)
3581.1(10
0.05 =
0.05 5 p p4c4(75)(1036)
2 c2 (11.0)(10 )
c = 24.6
c 5 0.967mm
in.
Shear stress failure controls the design
dd ==2c2c= =2(31.4) = 62.8=mm

2 (1.2408) 2.48 in.
Use dd ==652.50
Use mmin. Ans.
245
614
SM_CH10.indd 614 4/11/11 9:57:15 AM

©©2011
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rights This
reserved. material
This is protected
material under
is protected underallall
copyright laws
copyright as as
laws they currently
they currently
exist. No
exist. portion
No ofof
portion this material
this materialmay
maybebe
reproduced,
reproduced, inin
any form
any formoror
byby
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any without
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permissionininwriting from
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the publisher.
•5–53. The 20-mm-diameter A-36 steel shaft is subjected to

•10–34.
the torques shown. Determine the angle of twist of the end B.
A
Internal Torque: As shown on FBD. D
Angle of Twist: C
30 N�m 200 mm
fB = a
TL B 600 mm
20 N�m
JG
800 mm
1 80 N�m
= p 4 9
[ -80.0(0.8) + ( -60.0)(0.6) + ( - 90.0)(0.2)]
2 (0.01 )(75.0)(10 )
= -0.1002 rad = | 5.74° | Ans.
5–54. The assembly is made of A-36 steel and consists of a

10–35.
solid rod 20 mm in diameter fixed to the inside of a tube using A
a rigid disk at B. Determine the angle of twist at D. The tube
has an outer diameter of 40 mm and wall thickness of 5 mm.
B 150 N�m
0.4 m
The internal torques developed in segments AB and BD of the assembly are shown
in Fig. a and b C
0.1 m
p D
The polar moment of inertia of solid rod and tube are JAB = (0.024 - 0.0154) 0.3 m
2 60 N�m
p
= 54.6875(10 - 9)p m4 and JBD = (0.014) = 5(10 - 9)p m4. Thus,
2
Ti Li TAB LAB TBD LBD

fD = © = +
Ji Gi JAB Gst JBD Gst
90(0.4) -60 (0.4)

= +
54.6875(10 - 9)p [75(109)] 5(10 - 9)p [75(109)]
= - 0.01758 rad = 1.01° Ans.
246
615
SM_CH10.indd 615 4/11/11 9:57:17 AM

©© 2011
2010 Pearson
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Education, Inc.,
Inc., Upper
Upper Saddle
Saddle River,
River, NJ.NJ.
AllAll rights
rights reserved.
reserved. This
This material
protected under
copyright laws
laws asas they
they currently
currently
exist.
exist. NoNo portion
portion of of this
this material
material maymay
bebe reproduced,
reproduced, in in
anyany form
form oror
byby
anyany means,
means, without
without permission
writing from
publisher.
5–55.
*10–36.The assembly is made of A-36 steel and consists of a
solid rod 20 mm in diameter fixed to the inside of a tube using A
a rigid disk at B. Determine the angle of twist at C. The tube
has an outer diameter of 40 mm and wall thickness of 5 mm.
B 150 N�m
The internal torques developed in segments AB and BC of the assembly are shown 0.4 m
in Figs. a and b. C
0.1 m
p D
The polar moment of inertia of the tube is J = (0.024 - 0.0154) 0.3 m
2
= 54.6875 (10 - 9)p m4. Thus, 60 N�m
Ti Li TAB LAB TBC LBC

fC = © = +
Ji Gi JGst J Gst
1
= C 90(0.4) + 150(0.1) D
54.6875(10 - 9)p [75(109)]
= 0.003958 rad = 0.227° Ans.
*5–56. The splined ends and gears attached to the A-36

•10–37. 300 N�m 500 N�m
steel shaft are subjected to the torques shown. Determine
the angle of twist of end B with respect to end A. The shaft A
200 N�m
has a diameter of 40 mm.
TL -300(0.3) 200(0.4) 400(0.5)

fB>A = © = + + C
JG JG JG JG
400 N�m
190 190 300 mm D
= = 4
JG p
2 (0.02 )(75)(109)
400 mm B
= 0.01008 rad = 0.578° Ans.
500 mm
247
616
SM_CH10.indd 616 4/11/11 9:57:18 AM

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Allrights reserved.
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This is is
material protected under
protected underallall
copyright
copyrightlaws
lawsasas
they currently
they currently
exist.
exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
maybebereproduced,
reproduced,ininany
anyform
formororbybyany
anymeans,
means,without
withoutpermission
writingfrom
fromthe
thepublisher.
publisher.
•5–57. The
10–39. The motor
motor delivers
delivers3240kWhp to the 304 stainless
stainless steel
steel
shaft while
shaft while itit rotates
rotates atat 20
20 Hz.
Hz. The
The shaft
shaft is
is supported
supported on on
smooth bearings
smooth bearings at at A and B,
A and which allow
B, which allow free
free rotation
rotation ofof A
A C
C
the shaft. The gears
the gearsCCand andDDfixed
fixedtotothe
theshaft
shaftremove
remove 25 20
hp
and and
kW 15 12hp,kW, respectively.
respectively. Determine
Determinethe thediameter
diameter of the
of the D
D
1 250
10 mm
in.
shaft totothe
shaft thenearest
nearest 8 in. if of
multiples the allowable
5 mm shear stress
if the allowable shear is
B
B
stress = t8allow
tallow is ksi =and the and
56 MPa allowable angle of
the allowable twistof of
angle twist with
C of C 8 in.
200 mm
respect
with to Dto
respect is D
0.20
is°0.20°.
.
6 in.
150 mm
P
External Applied Torque: Applying T = , we have
2pf
40(550) 25(550)
kN# ft· m TCT= lb # kN
32 20
TMM 5=
T 5=0.254648
175.07 lb C5 0.159155
=5109.42 ft · m
2p(20)
2p(20) 2p(20)
2p(20) TAC = 0.254648 kN · m
TM = 0.254648 kN · m
15(550)
TDD 5=
T
12
5=0.095493 # ft · m
65.65 lbkN
2p(20)
2p(20)
Allowable Shear Stress: Assume failure due to shear stress. By observation, section
AC is the critical region. TCD = 0.095493 kN · m
Tc
tmax = tallow =
J TD = 0.095493 kN · m
6 d
0.254648(10
175.07(12) A d2)( B 2)
3
) =
8(1056 5 p
(
2 24
d
) 4
p
2 A d2 B
d = 28.5
d 5 1.102mm
in.
Angle of Twist: Assume failure due to angle of twist limitation.
TCDLCD
fC>D =
JG
0.2(p) 65.65(12)(8)
0.095493(10 6
)(200)
= p d 4 3
180 (
p 2d 2 4) (75)(10 6)
2 A 2 B (11.0)(10 )
= 29.36
dd 5 1.137 mm
in. (controls !)
1
Use d ==30
1 mmin. Ans.
4
248
617
SM_CH10.indd 617 4/11/11 9:57:20 AM

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Allrights
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Thismaterial
protectedunder
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lawsasasthey
theycurrently
currently
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exist. Noportion
No portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
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reproduced,ininany
anyform
formororbybyany
anymeans,
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without permissionininwriting
writingfrom
fromthe
thepublisher.
publisher.
5–59. The shaft is made of A-36 steel. It has a diameter of

*10–40. A
A B
B
1 in.
25 mm and is issupported
and supportedbybybearings
bearingsatatAAand D, which allow
and D, 60 Nm
90 lb�ft
free rotation. Determine the angle of twist of B with C
C
respect to D. 2 ft
0.6 m
60
90 lb�ft
Nm
2.5 ft
0.75 m
The internal torques developed in segments BC and CD are shown in Figs. a and b.
D
D
p 3 ft
0.9 m
(0.54)4)== 0.03125p
The polar moment of inertia of the shaft is J = (12.5 12207p mmin44.. Thus,
Thus,
2
FB/D = a
TiLi TBC LBC TCD LCD
= +
JiGi J Gst J Gst
3
)(0.75)(103)
-60(12)(2.5)(12)
–90(10
=
5 1 0+ 0
(12207p)[75(103)] 6)]
(0.03125p)[11.0(10
= –0.023468
5 = 1.34°
- 0.02000 rad 5 1.15° Ans.
90 N · m
TBC = –90 N · m
*5–60. The shaft is made of A-36 steel. It has a diameter of

10–41. A
A B
B
25 mm and 90
60 Nm
lb�ft
1 in. and is issupported
supportedby
bybearings
bearingsatatA and D, which allow
A and allow
free rotation. Determine the angle of twist of gear C with C
C
respect to B. 0.6 m
2 ft
90 lb�ft
60 Nm
0.75 m
2.5 ft
The internal torque developed in segment BC is shown in Fig. a
D
D
p 0.9 m
3 ft
The polar moment of inertia of the shaft is J = (0.54)4)== 0.03125p
(12.5 12207p mmin44..Thus,
Thus,
2
3
)(0.75)(103)
- 60(12)(2.5)(12)
TBC LBC –90(10
fC>B = =
5
J Gst (12207p)[75(103)] 6)]
(0.03125p)[11.0(10
= –0.023468
5 - 0.02000 rad
= 1.34°
5 1.15° Ans.
90 N · m
TBC = –90 N · m
250
618
SM_CH10.indd 618 4/11/11 9:57:22 AM

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Allrights
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Thismaterial
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theycurrently
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exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
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•5–61. The two shafts are made of A-36 steel. Each has a
•10–42.
diameter of
of 25
1 in.,
mm, and
andthey
theyare
aresupported
supportedby
bybearings
bearings at A, 250
10 mm
in.
B, and C, which allow free rotation. If the support at D is D
D
fixed, determine the angle of twist of end B when the
torques are applied to the assembly as shown.
750
30 mm
in.
120 Nm
80 lb�ft C
C
A
A 60
40 Nm
lb�ft
200 mm
8 in.
250
10 mm
in. 150 mm
6 in.
B
B
100 mm
4 in.
300
12 mm
in.
Angle of Twist:
fE = a
TL
JG
60
F = 0.100 = 600 N
11 3 3
= pp
5 44)(75)(103)5
[ -60.0(12)(30)
[–90(10 + 20.0(12)(10)]
)(750) + 30(10 )(250)]
(12.5
22 (0.5 )(11.0)(10 )
0.100 m
60 N · m
== –0.020861
- 0.01778 =rad
0.020861 rad rad
= 0.01778
150
6 6150 TAF = –60 N · m
fF == (0.020861)
EE== (0.01778)
ff = 0.031291
= 0.02667 rad rad 60 N · m 0.150 m
100
4 4100
Since there is no torque applied between F and B then TCA = –60(0.150)

= –90 N · m
fB = fF = 0.031291 rad== 1.53°
0.02667 rad 1.793° Ans. F = 600 N
0.150 m
TBA = 30 N · m
120 N · m
F = 600 N
251
619
SM_CH10.indd 619 4/11/11 9:57:24 AM

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2010 Pearson
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NJ. Allrights
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Thismaterial
protectedunder
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lawsasasthey
theycurrently
currently
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exist. NoNo portion
portion ofof this
this material
material may
any form
form oror
byby any
any means,
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without permission
writing from
from the
the publisher.
publisher.
5–62. The two shafts are made of A-36 steel. Each has a
10–43.
of 25
diameter of 1 in.,
mm,and
andthey
theyare
aresupported
supportedby
by bearings
bearings at A, 10 mm
250 in.
B, and C, which allow free rotation. If the support at D is D
fixed, determine the angle of twist of end A when the
torques are applied to the assembly as shown.
30 mm
750 in.
80 lb�ft
120 Nm C
A 40 Nm
60 lb�ft
8 in.
200 mm
10 mm
250 in. 6 in.
150 mm
B
4 in.
100 mm
12 mm
300 in.
Angle of Twist:
fE = a
TL 60
F = 0.100 = 600 N
JG
1 1 3 3 0.100 m
=
5 pp 44)(75)(103)6
[ -60.0(12)(30)
[–90(10 )(750) + + 20.0(12)(10)]
30(10 )(250)] 60 N · m
(12.5
22 (0.5 )(11.0)(10 )
TAF = –60 N · m
== –0.020861
- 0.01778 =rad = 0.01778
0.020861 rad rad 60 N · m 0.150 m
150
6 6150
fF == EE== (0.01778)
ff = 0.02667
(0.020861) = 0.031291
rad rad TCA = –600(0.150)
100
4 4100 = –90 N · m
F = 600 N
TGF LGF
fA>F = 0.150 m
JG
TBA = 30 N · m
3 120 N · m
-40(12)(10)
–60(10 )(250)
= pp
5 4
22(12.5
4 )(75)(103)6)
(0.5 )(11.0)(10 F = 600 N
= –0.0052152
5 = 0.0052152
-0.004445 rad 5 rad
0.004445 rad
fA = fF + fA>F
= 0.031291
5 0.02667 ++ 0.0052152
0.004445
= 0.036506
5 rad == 2.092°
0.03111 rad 1.78° Ans.
252
620
SM_CH10.indd 620 4/11/11 9:57:25 AM

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Allrights
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Thismaterial
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exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
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formor
orby
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*10–44.
5–63. The device serves as a compact torsional spring. It is
made of A-36 steel and consists of a solid inner shaft CB 300
12 mm
in.
which is surrounded by and attached to a tube AB using a
300
12mm
in. B
B 18.75 mm
rigid ring at B. The ring at A can also be assumed rigid 0.75 in.
and is
is fixed
fixed from
fromrotating.
rotating.IfIfa atorque
torqueofofT T
= 0.25 kN #·in.
= 2 kip m is
applied to the shaft, determine the angle of twist at the end C
and the maximum shear stress in the tube and shaft.
T
T 251 mm
in.
A
A
12.50.5
mmin. C
C
Maximum Shear Stress:

6
TBC c 0.25(10
2.00(0.5) )(12.5)
(tBC)max = = p p 4 4= 10.2
5 = ksi
81.49 MPa Ans.
J 2 2 (12.5
(0.5 ) ) 0.25 kN · m
TBC = 0.25 kN · m
6
TBA c 0.25(10 )(25)
2.00(1)
(tBA)max = = pp 44
5 44
= 14.9
= 1.86 MPa
ksi Ans. 0.25 kN · m
J 22 (1 - 0.75 ))
(25 – 18.75
Angle of Twist:
TBA = 0.25 kN · m
TBA LBA
fB =
JG
6
0.25(10 )(300)
(2.00)(12)
= pp 44
5 44)75(103)3
= 0.002384 radrad
= 0.002032
(25 – 18.75
22 (1 - 0.75 )11.0(10 )
TBC LBC
fC>B =
JG
6
0.25(10 )(600)
2.00(24)
=
5 = 0.052152 rad
p(12.544)75(103)3 = 0.044448 rad
p
22 (0.5 )11.0(10 )
fC = fB + fC>B
= 0.002384
5 0.002032 ++0.0052152
0.044448
= 0.054536
5 rad== 2.66°
0.04648 rad 3.125° Ans.
621
253
SM_CH10.indd 621 4/11/11 9:57:26 AM

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exist. Noportion
No portionofofthis
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thepublisher.
publisher.
10–45.
*5–64. The device serves as a compact torsion spring. It is
made of A-36 steel and consists of a solid inner shaft CB 300
12 mm
in.
which is surrounded by and attached to a tube AB using a
300
12mm
in. B
B 18.75 mm
rigid ring at B. The ring at A can also be assumed rigid and 0.75 in.
is fixed from rotating. If the allowable shear stress for the
material isis ttallow
allow == 84
12 MPa and the
ksi and the angle
angle of
of twist
twist at C is
limited to fallow = 3°, determine the maximum torque T
that can be applied at the end C. T
T 251 mm
in.
A
A
12.50.5
mmin. C
C
Allowable Shear Stress: Assume failure due to shear stress.
TBC c
tmax = tallow =
J
T(12.5)
T (0.5)
84 5
12.0 = p(12.544)
p
22 (0.5 )
T = 257709
T 5 N #· in
2.356 kip mm = 257.709 N · m
TBA c
tmax = tallow =
J
TT(25)
(1)
84 5
12.0 = pp
(254 4 –
22 (1 -
18.75 4
0.754) )
T 5
T 1409345
= 12.89 # in· mm = 1409.345 N · m
kip N
TBA LBA T(300)

T(12)
fB = = pp 44
5 4 3 3
JG 22(25
(1 –- 18.75
0.754))75(10 ) )
11.0(10
–8
==0.953635(10
0.001016T )
TBC LBC T(600)

T(24)
fC>B = = pp
5 4
JG 22(12.5 )75(103)3)
(0.54)11.0(10
–8
== 20.860756(10
0.022224T )
(fC)allow = fB + fC>B
3(p)
0.001016T +–8)0.022224T
= 0.953635(10
5 + 20.860756(10–8)
180
T5 2.25 kipN.# in
= 240024 mm (controls!)
(controls !) Ans.
5 240.02 N · m
622
254
SM_CH10.indd 622 4/11/11 9:57:28 AM

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Allrights
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Thismaterial
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theycurrently
currently
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exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
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formor
orby
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withoutpermission
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•5–65. The A-36 steel assembly consists of a tube having

•10–46. B
an outer
outerradius
radiusofof1 in.
25 andmma and wall athickness
wall thickness
of 0.125of in.3Using
mm.
Using
a rigidaplate
rigidat
plate
B, itatisB, it is connected
connected to theto the 1-in-diameter
solid solid 25-mm- C
diameter
shaft AB.shaft AB. Determine
Determine the rotationthe rotation of the end
of the tube’s tube’s C end
if a
C
torque of 200oflb25# Nin.· m
if a torque is is appliedtotothe
applied thetube
tubeat
atthis
this end. The 25 Nm
200 lb�in.
100 mm
4 in.
end A of the shaft is fixed supported.
A
150 mm
6 in.
3
200(10)
TABL 25(10 )(250)
fB = = pp
5 4 5=0.002173
0.001852rad
rad 25 N · m
JG 22 (12.5)
4 (75)(103)6)
(0.5) (11.0)(10 TAB = 25 N · m
TCBL –25(10-3200(4)
)(100) TCB = 25 N · m
fC>B = = pp 44
5 4 4
= -0.0001119
3 5 –0.0001357
6
rad rad
JG 22 (25
(1 –- 22 )(75)(10
0.875 )
)(11.0)(10 ) 25 N · m
fC = fB + fC>B
= 0.002173
5 0.001852 ++0.0001357
0.0001119
= 0.0023087
5 rad== 0.113°
0.001964 rad 0.132° Ans.
255
623
SM_CH10.indd 623 4/11/11 9:57:29 AM

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*5–72. The 80-mm diameter shaft is made of 6061-T6

10–47.
aluminum alloy and subjected to the torsional loading 0.6 m
shown. Determine the angle of twist at end A.
0.6 m
C
10 kN�m/m
B
A
2 kN�m
Equilibrium: Referring to the free - body diagram of segment AB shown in Fig. a,
©Mx = 0; - TAB - 2(103) = 0 TAB = - 2(103)N # m
And the free - body diagram of segment BC, Fig. b,
©Mx = 0; - TBC - 10(103)x - 2(103) = 0 TBC = - C 10(103)x + 2(103) D N # m
Angle of Twist: The polar moment of inertia of the shaft is

p
J = A 0.042 B = 1.28(10 - 6)p m4. We have
2
LBC
L0
TiLi TABLAB TBC dx
fA = © = +
JiGi JGal JGal
- 2(103)(0.6) 0.6 m - C 10(103)x + 2(103) D dx

L0
= +
1.28(10 - 6)p(26)(109) 1.28(10 - 6)p(26)(109)
0.6m
1
= - -6 9
b 1200 + C 5(103)x2 + 2(103)x D 2 r
1.28(10 )p(26)(10 ) 0
= -0.04017 rad = 2.30° Ans.
263
624
SM_CH10.indd 624 4/11/11 9:57:32 AM

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Noportion
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thismaterial
materialmay
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formororbybyany
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•5–73. The tapered shaft has a length L and a radius r at

*10–48.
end A and 2r at end B. If it is fixed at end B and is subjected
to a torque T, determine the angle of twist of end A. The
B
shear modulus is G.
T 2r
L
Geometry:
r
r rL + rx A
r(x) = r + x =
L L
p rL + rx 4 p r4
J(x) = a b = (L + x)4
2 L 2L4
Angle of Twist:
L
L0 J(x)G
T dx
f =
L
2TL4
p r4G L0 (L + x)4
dx
=
2TL4 1 L
= 4
c- 3
d2
pr G 3(L + x) 0
7TL
= Ans.
12p r4G
10–49.
5–74. The rod ABC of radius c is embedded into a medium
where the distributed torque reaction varies linearly from L
zero at C to t0 at B. If couple forces P are applied to the lever 2
L
arm, determine the value of t0 for equilibrium. Also, find the 2
angle of twist of end A. The rod is made from material
having a shear modulus of G. t0 d
C
2
d
Equilibrium: Referring to the free-body diagram of the entire rod shown in Fig. a, 2
B
1 L P
©Mx = 0; Pd - (t0) a b = 0 A
2 2 P
4Pd
to = Ans.
L
Internal Loading: The distributed torque expressed as a function of x, measured

to 4Pd>L 8Pd
from the left end, is t = ¢ ≤x = ¢ ≤ x = ¢ 2 ≤ x. Thus, the resultant
L>2 L>2 L
torque within region x of the shaft is
1 1 8Pd 4Pd 2
TR = tx = B ¢ 2 ≤ x R x = x
2 2 L L2
Referring to the free - body diagram shown in Fig. b,
4Pd 2 4Pd 2
©Mx = 0; TBC - x = 0 TBC = x
L2 L2
Referring to the free - body diagram shown in Fig. c,
©Mx = 0; Pd - TAB = 0 TAB = Pd
264
625
SM_CH10.indd 625 4/11/11 9:57:34 AM

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material maymay
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form oror
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10–49.
5–74. Continued
Angle of Twist:
LBC
L0
TiLi TBC dx TAB LAB
f = © = +
JiGi JG JG
4Pd 2
L>2 x dx
L2 Pd(L>2)
L0
= +
p p
¢ c4 ≤ G ¢ c4 ≤ G
2 2
L>2
8Pd x3 PLd
= 4 2
£ ≥3 +
pc L G 3 pc4G
0
4PLd
= Ans.
3pc4G
265
626
SM_CH10.indd 626 4/11/11 9:57:35 AM

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copyright
copyrightlaws
lawsasas
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exist.
exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
maybebereproduced,
reproduced,ininany
anyform
formororbybyany
anymeans,
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thepublisher.
publisher.
10–50.
5–75. When drilling a well, the deep end of the drill pipe TB B
is assumed to encounter a torsional resistance TA .
Furthermore, soil friction along the sides of the pipe creates
a linear distribution of torque per unit length, varying from
zero at the surface B to t0 at A. Determine the necessary
torque TB that must be supplied by the drive unit to turn
the pipe. Also, what is the relative angle of twist of one end
of the pipe with respect to the other end at the instant the
pipe is about to turn? The pipe has an outer radius ro and an L
inner radius ri . The shear modulus is G.
t0
A TA
1
t L + TA - TB = 0
2 0
t0L + 2TA
TB = Ans.
2
t0 2 t0L + 2TA
T(x) + x - = 0
2L 2
t0 L + 2TA t0 2
T(x) = - x
2 2L
T(x) dx
L
f =
JG
L
t0L + 2TA
J G L0
1 t0 2
= ( - x ) dx
2 2L
1 t0 L + 2TA t0 3 L
= c x - x dƒ
JG 2 6L 0
t0 L2 + 3TAL
=
3JG
p
However, J = (r 4 - ri 4)
2 o
2L(t0 L + 3TA)
f = Ans.
3p(ro 4 - ri 4)G
266
627
SM_CH10.indd 627 4/11/11 9:57:36 AM

©© 2011
2010 Pearson
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Inc., Upper
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AllAll rights
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protected under
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laws asas they
they currently
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exist. NoNo portion
portion of of this
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material maymay
bebe reproduced,
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form oror
byby
anyany means,
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*5–76. A cylindrical spring consists of a rubber annulus

10–51. ro
bonded to a rigid ring and shaft. If the ring is held fixed and
r
a torque T is applied to the rigid shaft, determine the angle
of twist of the shaft. The shear modulus of the rubber is G. ri
Hint: As shown in the figure, the deformation of the
element at radius r can be determined from rdu = drg. Use T
this expression along with t = T>12pr2h2 from Prob. 5–26, h
to obtain the result.
dr gdr � rdu
g
du
r
r du = g dr
gdr
du = (1)
r
From Prob. 5-26,
T t
t = and g =
2p r2h G
T
g =
2p r2hG
From (1),
T dr
du =
2p hG r3
r
2p hG Lri r
T o
dr T 1 ro
u = 3
= c- d|
2p hG 2 r2 ri
T 1 1
= c- 2 + 2d
2p hG 2ro 2ri
T 1 1
= c - 2d Ans.
4p hG r2i ro
267
628
SM_CH10.indd 628 4/11/11 9:57:36 AM

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exist.No
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portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
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•5–77. The A-36 steel shaft has a diameter of 50 mm and is

*10–52.
fixed at its ends A and B. If it is subjected to the torque,
determine the maximum shear stress in regions AC and CB 300 N�m
A
of the shaft.
0.4 m
C
0.8 m
B
Equilibrium:
TA + TB - 300 = 0 [1]
Compatibility:
fC>A = fC>B
TA(0.4) TB(0.8)
=
JG JG
TA = 2.00TB [2]
Solving Eqs. [1] and [2] yields:
TA = 200 N # m TB = 100 N # m
Maximum Shear stress:
TAc 200(0.025)
(tAC)max = = p 4
= 8.15 MPa Ans.
2 (0.025 )
J
TBc 100(0.025)
(tCB)max = = p 4
= 4.07 MPa Ans.
2 (0.025 )
J
268
629
SM_CH10.indd 629 4/11/11 9:57:37 AM

©© 2011
2010 Pearson
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protected under
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exist. NoNo portion
portion of of this
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material maymay
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form oror
byby
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means, without
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writing from
publisher.
5–78. The A-36 steel shaft has a diameter of 60 mm and is

10–53.
fixed at its ends A and B.If it is subjected to the torques shown, 200 N�m
determine the absolute maximum shear stress in the shaft. B
1m
500 N�m D
1.5 m
C
A 1m
Referring to the FBD of the shaft shown in Fig. a,
©Mx = 0; TA + TB - 500 - 200 = 0 (1)
Using the method of superposition, Fig. b
fA = (fA)TA - (fA)T
TA (3.5) 500 (1.5) 700 (1)

0 = - c + d
JG JG JG
TA = 414.29 N # m
Substitute this result into Eq (1),
TB = 285.71 N # m
Referring to the torque diagram shown in Fig. c, segment AC is subjected to

maximum internal torque. Thus, the absolute maximum shear stress occurs here.
TAC c 414.29 (0.03)

tAbs = = = 9.77 MPa Ans.
J p
(0.03)4
2
269
630
SM_CH10.indd 630 4/11/11 9:57:38 AM

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Noportion
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10–54.
5–79. The steel shaft is made from two segments: AC has a A
diameter of 12 0.5 mm, andCB
in, and CBhashasa adiameter
diameterofof1 25 in. mm.
If it If
is 0.5mm
12 in.
it is fixed
fixed at its
at its endsends
AA and
and andsubjected
B Band subjectedto to aa torque of C
750 N · m, determine
determine the maximum
the maximum shear shear
stressstress
in inthethe shaft. D 750
5 in.
125 mm 500 Nm
lb�ft
Gst ==75 GPa. 32 ksi.
10.8110
8 in.
200 mm 251 mm
in.
B
12 mm
300 in.
Equilibrium:
TA + TB - 750
500 = 0 (1)
Compatibility condition:
fD>A = fD>B 750 N · m
TAT A(5)
(125) TA(8)
T (200) T T B(12)
(300)
pp 4 +A
4 1 p p 4 4 5 p p
= B 4 4
(0.25
22 (6 )G )G (0.5
2 (12.5
2 )G )G (0.5
2 (12.5
2 )G)G
10463T = 12288T
1408 TAA 5 192 TB B (2)
Solving Eqs. (1) and (2) yields
60 lbN# ft
TTAA==78.82 · m TBTB==440 lb # ft
671.18 N·m
3
60(12)(0.25)
TC 78.82(10 )(6)
tAC = = pp 44 = 29.3
5 232.3ksi
MPa (max)
(max) Ans.
J 2 2 (6
(0.25) )
TC 440(12)(0.5)
671.18(10 3
)(12.5)
tDB = = p p 4 4
= 26.9 ksi
5 218.77 MPa
J (0.5 )
2 2 (12.5 )
270
631
SM_CH10.indd 631 4/11/11 9:57:39 AM

©© 2011
2010 Pearson
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exist. NoNo portion
portion of of this
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material maymay
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byby
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*5–80. The shaft is made of A-36 steel, has a diameter of

10–55. 2 kN�m
80 mm, and is fixed at B while A is loose and can rotate
0.005 rad before becoming fixed. When the torques are 4 kN�m B
applied to C and D, determine the maximum shear stress in
D
regions AC and CD of the shaft. 600 mm
C
600 mm
A
600 mm
©Mx = 0; TA + TB + 2 - 4 = 0 (1)
Using the method of superposition, Fig. b,
fA = (fA)T - (uA)TA
4(103)(0.6) 2(103)(0.6) TA (1.8)

0.005 = B + R -
p
2 (0.04 ) C 75(10 ) D
4 9 p
2 (0.04 ) C 75(10 ) D
4 9 p
2 (0.044) C 75(109) D
TA = 1162.24 N # m = 1.162 kN # m
Substitute this result into Eq (1),
TB = 0.838 kN # m
Referring to the torque diagram shown in Fig. c, segment CD is subjected to a

maximum internal torque. Thus, the absolute maximum shear stress occurs here.
TCD c 2.838 (103)(0.04)

tAB = = = p 4
= 28.23 (106) Pa = 28.2 MPa Ans.
2 (0.04)
J
271
632
SM_CH10.indd 632 4/11/11 9:57:40 AM

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exist.No
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•5–81. The shaft is made of A-36 steel and has a diameter

*10–56. 2 kN�m
of 80 mm. It is fixed at B and the support at A has a torsional
stiffness of k = 0.5 MN # m>rad. If it is subjected to the gear 4 kN�m B
torques shown, determine the absolute maximum shear stress
D
in the shaft.
600 mm
C
600 mm
A
600 mm
©Mx = 0; TA + TB + 2 - 4 = 0 (1)
Using the method of superposition, Fig. b,
fA = (fA)T - (fA)TA
TA 4(103)(0.6) 2(103)(0.6) TA(1.8)

6
= D + T -
0.5(10 ) p
2 (0.04 ) C 75(10 ) D
4 9 p
2 (0.04 ) C 75(10 ) D
4 9 p
2 (0.044) C 75(109) D
TA = 1498.01 N # m = 1.498 kN # m
Substituting this result into Eq (1),
TB = 0.502 kN # m
Referring to the torque diagram shown in Fig. c, segment CD subjected to maximum

internal torque. Thus, the maximum shear stress occurs here.
TCD C 2.502(103)(0.04)
tCD = = p 4
= 24.9 MPa Ans.
2 (0.04)
J
272
633
SM_CH10.indd 633 4/11/11 9:57:41 AM

©© 2011
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5–82. The shaft is made from a solid steel section AB and

10–57.
a tubular portion made of steel and having a brass core.
0.9
3 ftm
If it is fixed to a rigid support at A, and a torque of
T == 75 lb ·# ft
50 N m isis applied
applied to to itit at C, determine the angle of
at C,
twist that occurs at C and compute the maximum shear 0.6
2 ftm
stress and maximum shear strain in the brass and steel. A
Take Gst ==80 GPa, 3G
11.5110 = 40
2 brksi, GbrGPa.= 5.611032 ksi.
12
0.5mm
in.
B
25 mm C
1 in. T� 75 lb�ft
 50 Nm
Equilibrium:
Tbr + Tst - 50
75 = 0 (1)
Both the steel tube and brass core undergo the same angle of twist fC>B
TL st (2)(12)
TbrT(0.6)(1000) Tst (2)(12)
Tst(0.6)(1000)
fC>B = = pp 5= p 4
JG (0.544)(5.6)(10
22(12.5 )(38)(1034) 2p2(25
(14 –-12.5
4
0.54)(75)(10
3
)(11.5)(10) 6) 75 N · m
br ==0.033778
Tbr 0.032464TTst st (2)
Solving Eqs. (1) and (2) yields:
Tstst ==72.549
T # ft; TTbrbr= =2.451
48.428Nlb· m; 1.572 · m# ft
N lb
3
)(0.6)(103) 50(12)(3)(12)
1.572(12)(2)(12)
TL 2.451(10 75(103)(0.9)(103)
fC = © = pp 4 4
5 3 + 1
(254)(75)(10
6 3)
p
JG (12.5 )(38)(10 ) 2 (124)(11.5)(10
2 2(0.5 )(5.6)(10 )
6 p
)
= 0.002476
5 rad ==0.142°
0.002019 rad 0.116° Ans.
3
50(12)(1)
TABc 75(10 )(25)
(tst)max AB = = pp 4 4 =5382
5 psi MPa
3.056
J 22 (25
(1 ))
3
48.428(12)(1)
Tst c 72.549(10 )(25)
(tst)max BC = = pp 4 4
5 44
=5394.63
3.153 psi
MPa = 395 psi (Max)
(Max) Ans.
22 (1 - 0.5 ) )
(25 – 12.5
J
(tst)max 3.153
394.63 –6 - 6
(gst)max = =
5 3 65 42.0(10
= 343.(10 ) rad) rad Ans.
G 75(10
11.5(10) )
Tbr c 2.451(103)(12.5)
1.572(12)(0.5)
(tbr)max = =
5 p p 4 4 5 0.799
= 96.07 psi =MPa (Max)
96.1 psi (Max) Ans.
J 2 (12.5
2 (0.5 ) )
(tbr)max 0.799
96.07 –6- 6
(gbr)max = =
5 3 5=21.0(10
17.2(10 ) rad
) rad Ans.
G 38(10
5.6(10)6)
273
634
SM_CH10.indd 634 4/11/11 9:57:42 AM

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exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
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materialmay
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formororbybyany
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publisher.
5–83. The
10–58. Themotor
motor A develops
A develops a torque at gear at
a torque B # of
450 lb
B ofgear ft, 450 Nm
675 lb�ft
which
675 N is· applied
m, which along the axis along
is applied of the 2-in.-diameter
the axis of thesteel shaft
50-mm- B
CD. This torque
diameter is toCD.
steel shaft, be transmitted
This torquetoisthe pinion
to be gears atto
transmitted E E F
and pinion
the F. If these
gearsgears are F.
at E and temporarily fixed,are
If these gears determine the
temporarily
maximum
fixed, shear stress
determine in segmentsshear
the maximum CB and BDin
stress of segments
the shaft. 4 ftm
1.2 3 ftm
0.9
Also,and
CB what BDis the
of angle of twist
the shaft. of each
Also, whatofisthese
the segments? The
angle of twist
C D
bearings
of each of at these
C andsegments?
D only exertTheforce reactions
bearings at C on
andthe
D shaft
only
3
and doforce
exert not resist torque.
reactions st =shaft
onGthe 12110
and 2 ksi.
do not resist torque.
Gst = 84 GPa. A
675 N · m
Equilibrium:
TC + TD - 675
450 = 0 (1)
fB>C = fB>D
(4)
TTCC(1.2) TTDD(3)
(0.9)
=5
JG
JG JGJG
TC = 0.75 TD (2)
Solving Eqs. (1) and (2), yields
TDD ==385.71
T # ft
257.14Nlb· m
TCC ==289.29
T # ft
192.86Nlb· m
3
192.86(12)(1)
289.29(10 )(25)
(tBC)max = pp 4 4 =51.47
11.8ksi
MPa Ans.
22 (25
(1 ) )
257.14(12)(1)
385.7(103)(25)
(tBD)max = =51.96
15.7ksi
MPa Ans.
p
p
(144))
22 (25
(103)(1.2)(1000)
192.86(12)(4)(12)
289.29
f = p
p (25 4 4)(84)(10
6 3)
= 0.00589 rad = rad
5 0.006735 0.338°
= 0.386° Ans.
2 (1
2 )(12)(10 )
274
635
SM_CH10.indd 635 4/11/11 9:57:43 AM

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bebe reproduced,
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anyany form
form oror
byby
anyany means,
means, without
without permission
writing from
publisher.
*5–84. A portion of the A-36 steel shaft is subjected to a

10–59. 1.5
300kNm/m
lb�in./in.
linearly distributed torsional loading. If the shaft has the A
dimensions shown, determine the reactions at the fixed
supports AA and C.Segment
andC. SegmentAB ABhas a diameter
has of 1.5
a diameter in. mm
of 30 and
segment
and BC has
segment BC ahas
diameter of 0.75
a diameter in.mm.
of 15 B
1.2 m
60 in.
C
0.96 m
48 in.
Equilibrium:
TA + TC - 0.9
9000= 0= 0 (1)
1.5
1 tx t x 1.5 – t
TR = t x + (300–-t)xt)x
(1.5 = 150x
= 0.75x + +
2 2 2
1.2 – x
tt 300
1.5
But == ; ; t = t1.25(1.2
= 5(60 –-x)x)
1.2 -– xx 1.260
60
1 1
TRR ==0.75x
T 150 x+ + [1.25(1.2
[5(60 -– x)]x
x)]x 1 (1.5)(1.2) = 0.9 kN · m
2 2 2
==(1.5x
(300x– 0.625x lb #· in.
- 2.5x2)2)kN m
fB>A = fB>C
60 m
1.2
T(x) dx
L JG JG L
1
fB>A = = - –(300x
[TA[TA 2.5x2)]2)]dxdx
(1.5x –- 0.625x
00
1 22 0.625 33 1.260 m TA = (1.5x – 0.625x2) kN · m

= [TAAxx –-0.75x
150x + +a 0.8333x
bx ]] |
JG 3 00
1.2TAA –- 0.72
60T 360 000
=
JGJG T(x) =TA – (1.5x – 0.625x2)
60TAA –- 0.72
1.2T TC(48)
360 000 TC(0.96)
4 4 5 p = p 4
)G 4)G
p p
2 (0.015 )G)G 2 (0.0075
2 (0.75 2 (0.375
TA –A12.8T
60T C 5C0.6
- 768T = 360 000 (2)
= 0.02174
TCC 5 # in.· m= 518.1
217.4 lbkN lb # N
21.74 ft · m Ans.
TAA 5= 0.87826 kN# in.

8782.6 lb · m=5732 lb # ft
878.26 N·m Ans.
275
636
SM_CH10.indd 636 4/11/11 9:57:45 AM

©©2011
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Allrights reserved.
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copyright
copyrightlaws
lawsasas
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they currently
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exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
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formororbybyany
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publisher.
•5–85. Determine the rotation of joint B and the absolute

*10–60. 1.5
300kNm/m
lb�in./in.
maximum shear stress in the shaft in Prob. 5–84. A
A
Equilibrium:
B
B
TA + TC - 0.9
9000= 0= 0 (1) 1.2 m
60 in.
1 tx tx
TR = tx + (1.5 –-t)xt)x
(300 = 0.75x
= 150x+ + C
C
2 2 2 0.96 m
48 in.
tt 1.5
300
But == ; ; t = t1.25(1.2
= 5(60 –-x)x)
60 -
1.2 – xx 1.260
11
TRR ==0.75x
T 150x++ [1.25(1.2
[5(60 -– x)]x
x)]x
22
1.5
= =(300x 2 2
(1.5x -– 0.625x # in.· m
) kN
2.5x ) lb
1.5 – t
Compatibility condition: 1.2 – x
fB>A = fB>C
60 m
1.2
T(x) dx
L JG JG L
1
fB>A = = [T[T
A A-– (300x 2.5x22)])]dx
(1.5x –-0.625x dx 1 (1.5)(1.2) = 0.9 kN · m
2
00
1 22 0.625 33 1.260m
= [T
[TAAxx–-0.75x
150x ++ bx ]] |
a 0.8333x
JG 3 00
60TAA –-0.72
1.2T 360 000
=
JGJG
60TA –-0.72
1.2T TC(48)
360 000 TC(0.96)
p p 4 4 5 p = p 4
(0.015
2 2 )G
(0.75 )G 2 (0.0075
2
)G 4)G
(0.375
TA = (1.5x – 0.625x2) kN · m
TA –A12.8T
60T C 5C0.6
- 768T = 360 000 (2)
TCC 5= 0.02174
T # in.· m= 518.1
217.4 lbkN lb # N
21.74 ft · m
T(x) =TA – (1.5x – 0.625x2)
TAA5=0.87826
T kN# in.
8782.6 lb · m =5732 lb # N
878.26 ft · m
For segment BC:

3
TCL 21.74(10 )(0.96)(103)
217.4(48)
fB = fB>C = = p p 44
= 0.030540 rad
3 6 5 0.055989
JG 2 (7.5) (75)(10
2 (0.375)
) )
(11.0)(10
fB = 3.208°
1.75° Ans.
3
217.4(0.375)
TC 21.74(10 )(7.5)
tmax = = p p 44 =5 32.81
2.62 ksi MPa
J 2 2 (7.5)
(0.375)
For segment AB,

3
TC 8782.6(0.75)
878.26(10 )(15)
tmax = = p p 44 5 165.66
= 13.3 ksi MPa
J 2 2 (15)
(0.75)
abs = 165.66
tmax 13.3 ksiMPa Ans.
276
637
SM_CH10.indd 637 4/11/11 9:57:46 AM

©© 2011
2010 Pearson
Pearson Education,
Education, Inc.,
Inc., Upper
Upper Saddle
Saddle River,
River, NJ.NJ.
AllAll rights
rights reserved.
reserved. This
This material
protected under
copyright laws
laws asas they
they currently
currently
exist.
exist. NoNo portion
portion of of this
this material
material maymay
bebe reproduced,
reproduced, in in
anyany form
form oror
byby
anyany means,
means, without
without permission
writing from
publisher.
5–86. The two shafts are made of A-36 steel. Each has a
10–61. B
diameter of 25 mm and they are connected using the gears D
fixed to their ends. Their other ends are attached to fixed F
supports at A and B. They are also supported by journal 50 mm 0.75 m
bearings at C and D, which allow free rotation of the shafts 100 mm
along their axes. If a torque of 500 N # m is applied to the 500 N�m
gear at E as shown, determine the reactions at A and B. C E
1.5 m
Equilibrium:
TA + F(0.1) - 500 = 0 [1]
TB - F(0.05) = 0 [2]
From Eqs. [1] and [2]
TA + 2TB - 500 = 0 [3]
Compatibility:
0.1fE = 0.05fF
fE = 0.5fF
TA(1.5) TB(0.75)
= 0.5 c d
JG JG
TA = 0.250TB [4]
TB = 222 N # m Ans.
TA = 55.6 N # m Ans.
277
638
SM_CH10.indd 638 4/11/11 9:57:47 AM

©©2011
2010Pearson
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SaddleRiver,
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NJ.All
Allrights reserved.
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copyright
copyrightlaws
lawsasas
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they currently
exist.
exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
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anyform
formororbybyany
anymeans,
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fromthe
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publisher.
5–87. Determine the rotation of the gear at E in

10–62. B
Prob. 5–86. D
F
50 mm 0.75 m
100 mm
500 N�m
C E
1.5 m
Equilibrium:
TA + F(0.1) - 500 = 0 [1]
TB - F(0.05) = 0 [2]
From Eqs. [1] and [2]
TA + 2TB - 500 = 0 [3]
Compatibility:
0.1fE = 0.05fF
fE = 0.5fF
TA(1.5) TB(0.75)
= 0.5 c d
JG JG
TA = 0.250TB [4]
TB = 222.22 N # m TA = 55.56 N # m
Angle of Twist:
TAL 55.56(1.5)
fE = =
JG p
2 (0.01254)(75.0)(109)
= 0.02897 rad = 1.66° Ans.
278
639
SM_CH10.indd 639 4/11/11 9:57:48 AM

10–63.
*5–88. The shafts are made of A-36 steel and have the
diameterof
same diameter of100
4 in.
mm.If aIftorque ofof
a torque kN# ·ft
1525kip misis applied to 0.75
2.5mft
gear B, determine the absolute maximum shear stress
developed in the shaft. 0.75
2.5mft
AA
Equilibrium: Referring to the free - body diagrams of shafts ABC and DE shown in
Figs. a and b, respectively, we have BB
1506mm
in.
F(0.15) -– 25
©Mx = 0; TA + F(0.5) 15 ==00 (1) 2515
kN m�ft
kip DD CC
and 30012
mm in.
EE
©Mx = 0; F(0.3)
F(1) -– T
TEE == 00 (2)
0.93mft
Internal Loadings: The internal torques developed in segments AB and BC of shaft
ABC and shaft DE are shown in Figs. c, d, and e, respectively.
Compatibility Equation:
fCrC = fDrD
TABLAB TBCLBC TDE LDE

¢ + ≤ rC = ¢ ≤ rD
JGst JGst JGst
C[–T
- TAA(0.75) F(0.5)(2.5) D (0.5) = =-T
+ F(0.15)(0.75)](0.15)
(2.5) + –TEE(3)(1)
(0.9)(0.3)
TAA–-0.15F
T 0.5F==2.4T
2.4T
EE (3)
Solving Eqs. (1), (2), and (3), we have
F ==24.51
F 4.412kN
kip TE = 7.353TEkN= · 4.412
m kip # ft TAA==21.32
T 12.79kN # ft
kip· m
Maximum Shear Stress: By inspection, segment AB of shaft ABC is subjected to the

greater torque.
TAB c 21.32(106)(50)
12.79(12)(2)
A tmax B abs = = 5 108.6
= 12.2 ksi MPa Ans.
Jst p p(50 4 0.150 m
a 24 b )
22
TBC = F(0.150)
0.15 m 0.3 m
25 kN · m
640
SM_CH10.indd 640 4/11/11 9:57:53 AM

©©2011
2010Pearson
PearsonEducation,
Education,Inc.,
Inc.,Upper
UpperSaddle
SaddleRiver,
River,NJ.
NJ.AllAll
rights reserved.
rights This
reserved. material
This is protected
material under
is protected underallall
copyright laws
copyright as as
laws they currently
they currently
exist. No
exist. portion
No ofof
portion this material
this materialmay
maybebe
reproduced,
reproduced, inin
any form
any formoror
byby
any means,
any without
means, without permission
permissionininwriting from
writing fromthe publisher.
the publisher.
•5–89. The shafts are made of A-36 steel and have the
*10–64.
same
samediameter
diameterofof100 mm.
4 in. If aIftorque
a torque kN#· m
ofof1525kip ft is applied to
to 2.5 m
0.75 ft
gear B, determine the angle of twist of gear B.
2.5 m
0.75 ft
Equilibrium: Referring to the free - body diagrams of shafts ABC and DE shown in
A
A
Figs. a and b, respectively,
BB
F(0.5) –- 25
©Mx = 0; TA + F(0.15) 15==0 0 (1)
1506 mm
in.
15kN
25 kipm
�ft
and D
D CC
30012mm
in.
F(1) -– TE ==00
©Mx = 0; F(0.3) (2) EE
Internal Loadings: The internal torques developed in segments AB and BC of shaft 3 ft

0.9 m
ABC and shaft DE are shown in Figs. c, d, and e, respectively.
Compatibility Equation: It is required that
fCrC = fDrD
TAB LAB TBC LBC TDE LDE

¢ + ≤ rC = ¢ ≤ rD
JGst JGst JGst
C - TAA(0.75)
[–T F(0.5)(2.5) D (0.5) = =-T
(2.5) ++ F(0.15)(0.75)](0.15) –TEE(3)(1)
(0.9)(0.3)
TTAA– -0.15F
0.5F= =2.4T
2.4T
E E (3)
Solving Eqs. (1), (2), and (3),
FF==24.51
4.412kN
kip TE = T E = kN
7.353 · mkip # ft
4.412 TA =
TA12.79 # ft · m
kipkN
= 21.32
Angle of Twist: Here, TAB = - TA = –21.32 kip· #mft

- 12.79kN
6
)(0.75)(103)
-12.79(12)(2.5)(12)
TAB LAB –21.32(10
fB = =
JGst pp 4 4
a(50 )(75)(1033))
2 b (11.0)(10
22
= –0.02172
5 - 0.01666rad
rad= =1.24°
0.955° Ans.
0.150 m
0.15 m 0.3 m
TBC = F(0.150)
25 kN · m
280
641
SM_CH10.indd 641 4/11/11 9:57:57 AM

©© 2011
2010 Pearson
Pearson Education,
Education, Inc.,
Inc., Upper
Upper Saddle
Saddle River,
River, NJ.NJ.
AllAll rights
rights reserved.
reserved. This
This material
protected under
copyright laws
laws asas they
they currently
currently
exist.
exist. NoNo portion
portion of of this
this material
material maymay
bebe reproduced,
reproduced, in in
anyany form
form oror
byby
anyany means,
means, without
without permission
writing from
publisher.
5–90. The
10–65. The two
two 3-ft-long
1-m-long shafts
shafts are
are made
made of 2014-T6 A
A
aluminum. Each has aa diameter
diameter of
of 30
1.5mm in. and they are
connected using the gears fixed to their ends. Their other B
B
ends are attached to fixed supports at A and B. They are
900
600 Nm C
C
also supported by bearings at C and D, which allow free lb�ft
rotation of the shafts along their axes. If a torque of 600 lb ·# m
900 N ft
is applied to the top gear as shown, determine the maximum
E
E 13 m
ft
shear stress in each shaft.
80 mm
4 in. D
D
40 mm
2 in. F
F
480
F aa
TA + F b b-– 600
900 = 00 (1) 900 N · m
12
1000
240 80 mm
F aa b b==00
TB - F (2)
12
1000
40 mm
From Eqs. (1) and (2)
TA + 2TB - 900
600 = 0 (3)
80(f
4(fEE) )== 2(f
40(fF);
F); fE = 0.5fF
TAL TBL
= 0.5 a b; TA = 0.5TB (4)
JG JG
TBB ==360
T # ft; TTAA= =180120N lb· m# ft
240Nlb· m;
3
240(12)(0.75)
TB c 360(10 )(15)
(tBD)max = = pp 44 5=67.91
4.35 MPa
ksi Ans.
J 2
2 (15
(0.75 ))
TA c 3
120(12)(0.75)
180(10 )(15)
(tAC)max = = p
p 4 4 5=33.95
2.17 MPa
ksi Ans.
J 2
2 (0.75
(15 ))
281
642
SM_CH10.indd 642 4/11/11 9:57:59 AM

©©2011
2010Pearson
PearsonEducation,
Education,Inc.,
Inc.,Upper
UpperSaddle
SaddleRiver,
River,NJ.
NJ.All
Allrights reserved.
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copyright
copyrightlaws
lawsasas
they currently
they currently
exist.
exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
maybebereproduced,
reproduced,ininany
anyform
formororbybyany
anymeans,
means,without
withoutpermission
writingfrom
fromthe
thepublisher.
publisher.
10–66.
5–91. The A-36 steel shaft is made from two segments: AC A
A
has aadiameter
diameterofof100.5 mmin.and
andCBCBhas hasa diameter of of
a diameter 20 1mm.
in. If
If 0.5mm
10 in.
the shaft is fixed at its ends A and B and subjected to a uniform C
C
distributed
distributed torque
torque of 60 lbN# in.>in.
of 300 · m/m along
along segment
segment CB,
5 in.
100 mm
determine the absolute maximum shear stress in the shaft. 60
300lb�in./in.
Nm/m
1 in.
20 mm
20 mm
400 in.
B
B
Equilibrium:
400
TA + TB - 300 a
60(20) = b0 = 0 (1)
1000
Compatibility condition: 400
300 a 1000 b = 120 N · m
fC>B = fC>A
20 mm aTB –
300x 3
T(x) dx 400
(TB - 60x) dxb(10 ) dx
L L
fC>B = = 1000
JG p 4 p 6
2 (0.5 )(11.0)(10 ) 3)
4
0 2 (10 )(75)(10 300x
T(A) = TB = 1000 300x
1000
-6 –6 –3
= 339.531(10 B B-–0.011112
18.52(10 )T)T 20.3718(10 )
(5) 3
-6 –6 TTAA(100)(10 )
339.531(10
18.52(10 )T)T - –0.011112
B B = –3p) 5 p4 4
20.3718(10 63)
2 (0.25
2 (5 )(75)(10
)(11.0)(10 ) x mm
-6 –6 -6 –6
339.531(10
18.52(10 )T)T - –74.08(10
B B 1358.122(10)TA )T = 20.3718(10–3)
= A0.011112
18.52TB -
3.39531TB –74.08TA = A
13.58122T = 203.718
11112 (2)
TAA ==12 lb #

N · m;
120.0 · m lb # in.
B =N1080
in. ;TB =T108
3
1080(0.5)
TB c 108(10 )(10)
(tmax)BC = = p p 44 = 5 68.75
5.50 ksi MPa
J 2 (10) )
2 (0.5
3
120.0(0.25)
TA c 12(10 )(5)
(tmax)AC = = pp 4 4 5=61.12
4.89MPa
ksi
J 22 (5
(0.25) )
abs = 68.75
tmax 5.50 ksi
MPa Ans.
282
643
SM_CH10.indd 643 4/11/11 9:58:01 AM

©© 2011
2010 Pearson
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Education, Inc.,
Inc., Upper
Upper Saddle
Saddle River,
River, NJ.NJ.
AllAll rights
rights reserved.
reserved. This
This material
protected under
copyright laws
laws asas they
they currently
currently
exist.
exist. NoNo portion
portion of of this
this material
material maymay
bebe reproduced,
reproduced, in in
anyany form
form oror
byby
anyany means,
means, without
without permission
writing from
publisher.
*5–92. If the shaft is subjected to a uniform distributed

10–67.
torque of t = 20 kN # m>m, determine the maximum shear 400 mm
stress developed in the shaft. The shaft is made of 2014-T6
aluminum alloy and is fixed at A and C.
20 kN�m/m
600 mm
a
A
80 mm B
60 mm
a
C
Equilibrium: Referring to the free - body diagram of the shaft shown in Fig. a, we
Section a–a
have
©Mx = 0; TA + TC - 20(103)(0.4) = 0 (1)
Compatibility Equation: The resultant torque of the distributed torque within the
region x of the shaft is TR = 20(103)x N # m. Thus, the internal torque developed in
the shaft as a function of x when end C is free is T(x) = 20(103)x N # m, Fig. b. Using
the method of superposition, Fig. c,
fC = A fC B t - A fC B TC
0.4 m
T(x)dx
L0
TCL
0 = -
JG JG
0.4 m
20(103)xdx TC(1)
L0
0 = -
JG JG
x2 2 0.4 m
0 = 20(103) ¢ ≤ - TC
2 0
TC = 1600 N # m
Substituting this result into Eq. (1),
TA = 6400 N # m
Maximum Shear Stress: By inspection, the maximum internal torque occurs at

support A. Thus,
TA c 6400(0.04)
A tmax B abs = = = 93.1 MPa Ans.
J p
a 0.044 - 0.034 b
2
283
644
SM_CH10.indd 644 4/11/11 9:58:02 AM

©©2011
2010Pearson
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Allrights reserved.
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copyright
copyrightlaws
lawsasas
they currently
they currently
exist.
exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
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anyform
formororbybyany
anymeans,
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withoutpermission
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thepublisher.
publisher.
•5–93. The tapered shaft is confined by the fixed supports

*10–68.
at A and B. If a torque T is applied at its mid-point,
determine the reactions at the supports. T
2c
A B
Equilibrium:
c
TA + TB - T = 0 [1]
L/2
Section Properties: L/2
c c
r(x) = c + x = (L + x)
L L
4
p c pc4
J(x) = c (L + x) d = (L + x)4
2 L 2L4
Angle of Twist:
L
L Lp2
Tdx Tdx
fT = =
J(x)G pc4
2L4 (L + x)4 G
L
2TL4
pc G L2 (L + x)4
dx
= 4 p
2TL4 1 L
= - 4
c 3
d 2
3pc G (L + x) p
2
37TL
=
324 pc4 G
L
L L0
Tdx TBdx
fB = =
J(x)G pc4
2L4 (L + x)4G
L
2TBL4
pc G L0 (L + x)4
dx
= 4
2TBL4 1 L
= - c d 2
3pc4G (L + x)3 0
7TB L
=
12pc4G
Compatibility:
0 = fT - fB
37TL 7TBL
0 = 4
-
324pc G 12pc4G
37
TB = T Ans.
189
Substituting the result into Eq. [1] yields:
152
TA = T Ans.
189
284
645
SM_CH10.indd 645 4/11/11 9:58:04 AM

© 2010 ©
Pearson Education,
2011 Pearson Inc., Upper
Education, Inc., Saddle River, NJ.
Upper Saddle AllNJ.
River, rights
Allreserved. This material
rights reserved. is protected
This material under all
is protected copyright
under laws aslaws
all copyright theyas
currently
they currently
exist. No portion
exist. of this material
No portion may bemay
of this material reproduced, in any form
be reproduced, in anyorform
by any means,
or by withoutwithout
any means, permission in writing
permission from the
in writing publisher.
from the publisher.
5–94. The shaft of radius c is subjected to a distributed

10–69. B
torque t, measured as torque>length of shaft. Determine the t0
reactions at the fixed supports A and B. (
t � t0 1 � ( Lx ) 2 )
x
L
A
2t0
x 2 2
L0
x x
T(x) = t0 a 1 + b dx = t0 a x + b (1)
L2 3L2
By superposition:
0 = fB - fB
3
x
L t0 a x + 3L2 b
L0
2
0 = dx TB(L) 7t0L
- = - TB(L)
JG JG 12
7t0 L
TB = Ans.
12
From Eq. (1),
L3 4t0 L
TA = t0 a L + b =
3L2 3
7t0 L 4t0 L
TA + - = 0
12 3
3t0 L
TA = Ans.
4
285 646
SM_CH10.indd 646 4/11/11 9:58:05 AM

©©2011
2010Pearson
PearsonEducation,
Education,Inc.,
Inc.,Upper
UpperSaddle
SaddleRiver,
River,NJ.
NJ.All
Allrights reserved.
This is is
copyright
copyrightlaws
lawsasas
they currently
they currently
exist.
exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
maybebereproduced,
reproduced,ininany
anyform
formororbybyany
anymeans,
means,without
withoutpermission
writingfrom
fromthe
thepublisher.
publisher.
5–95. Compare the values of the maximum elastic shear

10–70.
stress and the angle of twist developed in 304 stainless steel
shafts having circular and square cross sections. Each shaft
2 2
the same
has the samecross-sectional
cross-sectionalarea
areaofof5600
9 inmm , length of 36
, length in.,
of 900
and is
mm subjected
and to a to
is subjected torque of 4000
a torque #
lb N
of 500 in.· m.
r a A
A
a
For circular shaft

1 1
2 9 2 2
5600
A = pc = 5600;
9; cc == aa b b
pp
Tc Tc 2T 2(4000) 3)
2(500)(10
(tc)max = = p 4 = = 5 4.23
=3 525 psi MPa Ans.
J p c3 9 12
p A5600
2 c xB
2
p a b
p
For rectangular shaft
A = a2 = 5600;
9; a == 74.833
3 in. mm
4.81(4000) 3)
4.81T 4.81(500)(10
(tr)max = = = 713 psi MPa
5 5.74 Ans.
a3 33 3
74.833
Angle of Twist:
For circular shaft

3
TL 4000(36)
500(10 )(900)
fc = = p 5600 2
5
JG 2p( A p (75)(1063))
) 11.0(10
29 B 2
2
= 0.00120214
5 rad= =0.0582°
0.001015 rad 0.0689° Ans.
For rectangular shaft
7.10(4000)(36)3
7.10 TL 7.10(500)(10 )(900)
fr = 4
= 4
5 4 3
a G 374.833 (75)(10
(11.0)(10 6
) )
= 0.00135843
5 rad= =0.0657°
0.001147 rad 0.0778° Ans.
The rectangular shaft has a greater maximum shear stress and angle of twist.
286
647
SM_CH10.indd 647 4/11/11 9:58:05 AM

©© 2011
2010 Pearson
Pearson Education,
Education, Inc.,
Inc., Upper
Upper Saddle
Saddle River,
River, NJ.NJ.
AllAll rights
rights reserved.
reserved. This
This material
protected under
copyright laws
laws asas they
they currently
currently
exist.
exist. NoNo portion
portion of of this
this material
material maymay
bebe reproduced,
reproduced, in in
anyany form
form oror
byby
anyany means,
means, without
without permission
writing from
publisher.
*5–96. If a = 25 mm and b = 15 mm, determine the

10–71.
maximum shear stress in the circular and elliptical shafts when
the applied torque is T = 80 N # m. By what percentage is the a b
shaft of circular cross section more efficient at withstanding
the torque than the shaft of elliptical cross section?
For the circular shaft: a
Tc 80(0.025)
(tmax)c = = p 4
= 3.26 MPa Ans.
2 (0.025 )
J
For the elliptical shaft:
2T 2(80)
(tmax)c = = = 9.05 MPa Ans.
p a b2 p(0.025)(0.0152)
(tmax)c - (tmax)c
% more efficient = (100%)
(tmax)c
9.05 - 3.26
= (100%) = 178 % Ans.
3.26
•5–97. It is intended to manufacture a circular bar to resist

*10–72.
torque; however, the bar is made elliptical in the process of
manufacturing, with one dimension smaller than the other
kd d
by a factor k as shown. Determine the factor by which the
maximum shear stress is increased.
For the circular shaft: d
Tc T A d2 B 16T
(tmax)c = = =
J p
A B
d 4 p d3
2 2
For the elliptical shaft:
2T 2T 16T
(tmax)c = 2
= =
pab pA2 B A 2 B
d kd 2 p k2 d3
16T
(tmax)c p k2 d3
Factor of increase in shear stress = =
(tmax)c 16T
p d3
1
= Ans.
k2
287
648
SM_CH10.indd 648 4/11/11 9:58:07 AM

©©2011
2010Pearson
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Inc.,Upper
UpperSaddle
SaddleRiver,
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NJ.All
Allrights reserved.
This is is
copyright
copyrightlaws
lawsasas
they currently
they currently
exist.
exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
maybebereproduced,
reproduced,ininany
anyform
formororbybyany
anymeans,
means,without
withoutpermission
writingfrom
fromthe
thepublisher.
publisher.
5–98. The shaft is made of red brass C83400 and has an

10–73. A
elliptical cross section. If it is subjected to the torsional
loading shown, determine the maximum shear stress within 50 N�m 20 N�m
regions AC and BC, and the angle of twist f of end B
relative to end A. 30 N�m
2m
Maximum Shear Stress: C 50 mm
2TBC 2(30.0) 20 mm
1.5 m
(tBC)max = = B
p a b2 p(0.05)(0.022)
= 0.955 MPa Ans.
2TAC 2(50.0)
(tAC)max = =
p a b2 p(0.05)(0.022)
= 1.59 MPa Ans.
Angle of Twist:
fB>A = a
(a2 + b2)T L
p a3b3 G
(0.052 + 0.022)
= [(- 30.0)(1.5) + ( -50.0)(2)]
p(0.053)(0.023)(37.0)(109)
= - 0.003618 rad = 0.207° Ans.
10–74.
5–99. Solve Prob. 5–98 for the maximum shear stress A
within regions AC and BC, and the angle of twist f of end B
relative to C. 50 N�m 20 N�m
30 N�m
2m
C 50 mm
2TBC 2(30.0) 20 mm
1.5 m
(tBC)max = = B
p a b2 p(0.05)(0.022)
= 0.955 MPa Ans.
2TAC 2(50.0)
(tAC)max = =
p a b2 p(0.05)(0.022)
= 1.59 MPa Ans.
Angle of Twist:
(a2 + b2) TBC L

fB>C =
p a3 b3 G
(0.052 + 0.022)( -30.0)(1.5)

=
p(0.053)(0.023)(37.0)(109)
= - 0.001123 rad = | 0.0643°| Ans.
288
649
SM_CH10.indd 649 4/11/11 9:58:08 AM

©© 2011
2010 Pearson
Pearson Education,
Education, Inc.,
Inc., Upper
Upper Saddle
Saddle River,
River, NJ.NJ.
AllAll rights
rights reserved.
reserved. This
This material
protected under
copyright laws
laws asas they
they currently
currently
exist.
exist. NoNo portion
portion of of this
this material
material maymay
bebe reproduced,
reproduced, in in
anyany form
form oror
byby
anyany means,
means, without
without permission
writing from
publisher.
*5–100. Segments AB and BC of the shaft have circular and

•10–75.
square cross sections, respectively. If end A is subjected to a
torque of T = 2 kN # m, determine the absolute maximum
600 mm
shear stress developed in the shaft and the angle of twist of C
end A. The shaft is made from A-36 steel and is fixed at C.
600 mm
90 mm
B 30 mm
90 mm
A
Internal Loadings: The internal torques developed in segments AB and BC are T
shown in Figs. a, and b, respectively.
Maximum Shear Stress: For segment AB,
TAB c 2(103)(0.03)
A tmax B AB = - = 47.2 MPa (max) Ans.
J p 4
a 0.03 b
2
For segment BC,
4.81TBC 4.81 C 2(103) D

A tmax B BC = = = 13.20 MPa
a3 (0.09)3
Angle of Twist:
TABLAB 7.10TBCLBC
fA = +
JG a4G
2(103)(0.6) 7.10(2)(103)(0.6)
= +
p (0.09)4(75)(109)
a 0.034 b (75)(109)
2
= 0.01431 rad = 0.820° Ans.
289
650
SM_CH10.indd 650 4/11/11 9:58:09 AM

©©2011
2010Pearson
PearsonEducation,
Education,Inc.,
Inc.,Upper
UpperSaddle
SaddleRiver,
River,NJ.
NJ.All
Allrights reserved.
This is is
copyright
copyrightlaws
lawsasas
they currently
they currently
exist.
exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
maybebereproduced,
reproduced,ininany
anyform
formororbybyany
anymeans,
means,without
withoutpermission
writingfrom
fromthe
thepublisher.
publisher.
•5–101. Segments AB and BC of the shaft have circular and

*10–76.
square cross sections, respectively. The shaft is made from
600 mm
A-36 steel with an allowable shear stress of tallow NJ.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River,
= 75 MPa,
All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently
and an angle
exist. Noof twist at
portion of end A whichmay
this material is not
be allowed to exceed
reproduced, in any form or by any means, withoutCpermission in writing from the publisher.
0.02 rad. Determine the maximum allowable torque T that
can be applied at end A.The shaft is fixed at C. 600 mm
5–119. The symmetric tube is made from a high-strength

30 mm
Internal
steel, Loadings:
having the meanThedimensions
internal torques developed
shown and in segments
a thickness of AB and BC are 20 mm
to a torque of T = 40 N # m,
90 mm
5shown
mm. inIfFigs. a, and
it is b, respectively.
subjected B 60 mm 30 mm
determine the average shear stress developed at points A 90 mm
and B. Indicate
Allowable Shearthe shearFor
Stress: stress on volume
segment AB, elements located A
A
at these points. T B
TAB c T(0.03)
tallow = ; 75(106) =
J p
a0.034 b
2
T = 3180.86 N # m 40 N�m
Am = 4(0.04)(0.06) + (0.04) = 0.0112 m2
2
For segment BC,

T
tavg = 4.81TBC 4.81T
2
tallow = Am3 ;
t 75(106) =
a (0.09)3
40
(tavg)A = (tavg)B = = 366.94
T = 11
2(0.005)(0.0112) N#m
357 kPa Ans.
Angle of Twist:
TABLAB 7.10TBC LBC

fA = +
JG a4G
T(0.6) 7.10T(0.6)
0.02 = +
p (0.09)4 (75)(109)
a 0.034 b (75)(109)
2
T = 2795.90 N # m = 2.80 kN # m (controls) Ans.
*5–120.
10–77. The steel used for the shaft has an allowable shear 50 mm
5–102. The aluminum strut is fixed between the two walls A20 mm 20 mm
stress of tallow = 8 MPa. If the members are connected with
at A and B. If it has a 2 in. by 2 in. square cross section, and
it is subjected to the torque of 80 lb # ft at C, determine the
a fillet weld of radius r = 4 mm, determine the maximum
C
torque T that can be applied.
reactions at the fixed supports. Also, what is the angle of
twist at C? Gal = 3.811032 ksi. 2 ft T T
2 T 2
80 lb�ft B
By superposition:
3 ft
0 = f - fB
Allowable Shear Stress:
7.10(80)(2) 7.10(TB)(5)
0 = -
D a450G a4 G r 4
= = 2.5 and = = 0.20
d 20 d 20
TB = 32 lb # ft Ans.
From the text, K = 1.25
TA + 32 - 80 = 0
= #tft
Tc
TA =tmax
48 lb allow = K Ans.
J
7.10(32)(12)(3)(12) t
fC = 4 2 (0.01)
= 0.00161 rad = 0.0925° Ans.
4
(28(10)
)(3.8)(106
) Bp
= 1.25 4 R
2 (0.01 )
T = 20.1 N # m Ans.
290
651
SM_CH10.indd 651 4/11/11 9:58:12 AM

©© 2011
2010 Pearson
Pearson Education,
Education, Inc.,
Inc., Upper
Upper Saddle
Saddle River,
River, NJ.NJ.All
Allrights
rightsreserved.
reserved.This
Thismaterial
protectedunder
copyrightlaws
lawsasasthey
theycurrently
currently
exist.
exist. Noportion
No portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
maybebereproduced,
reproduced,ininany
anyform
formororbybyany
anymeans,
writingfrom
fromthe
thepublisher.
publisher.
•5–121. The built-up shaft is to be designed to rotate

10–78. 75 mm
at 720 rpm while transmitting 30 kW of power. Is this
possible? The allowable shear stress is tallow = 12 MPa.
rev 2p rad 1 min 60 mm

v = 720 a b = 24 p rad>s
min 1 rev 60 s
30(103)
= 397.89 N # m
P
T = =
v 24 p
Tc 397.89(0.03)
tmax = K ; 12(106) = K c p 4
d; K = 1.28
2 (0.03 )
J
D 75
= = 1.25
d 60
r
From Fig. 5-32, = 0.133
d
r
= 0.133 ; r = 7.98 mm
60
Check:
D - d 75 - 60 15
= = = 7.5 mm 6 7.98 mm
2 2 2
No, it is not possible. Ans.
10–79.
5–122. The built-up shaft is designed to rotate at 540 rpm. 75 mm
If the radius of the fillet weld connecting the shafts
is r = 7.20 mm, and the allowable shear stress for the
material is tallow = 55 MPa, determine the maximum power
the shaft can transmit. 60 mm
D 75 r 7.2
= = 1.25; = = 0.12
d 60 d 60
From Fig. 5-32, K = 1.30
T = 1794.33 N # m
Tc T(0.03)
tmax = K ; 55(106) = 1.30 c [ p 4
d;
2 (0.03 )
J
rev 2p rad 1 min

v = 540 a b = 18 p rad>s
min 1 rev 60 s
P = Tv = 1794.33(18p) = 101466 W = 101 kW Ans.
302
652
SM_CH10.indd 652 4/11/11 9:58:13 AM

©©2011
2010Pearson
PearsonEducation,
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UpperSaddle
SaddleRiver,
River,NJ.
NJ.All
Allrights
rightsreserved.
reserved.This
Thismaterial
protectedunder
copyrightlaws
lawsasasthey
theycurrently
currently
exist.
exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
maybe
bereproduced,
reproduced,ininany
anyform
formor
orby
byany
anymeans,
means,without
withoutpermission
writingfrom
publisher.
5–123. The steel shaft is made from two segments: AB and

*10–80. C
BC, which are connected using a fillet weld having a radius D
of 2.8 mm. Determine the maximum shear stress developed 50 mm
in the shaft.
20 mm B 100 N�m
TCDc 100(0.025) 40 N�m
A
(tmax)CD = = p 4
2 (0.025 )
J
= 4.07 MPa 60 N�m
For the fillet:
D 50 r 2.8
= = 2.5; = = 0.14
d 20 d 20
From Fig. 5-32, K = 1.325
TABc 60(0.01)
(tmax)f = K = 1.325 c p 4
d
2 (0.01 )
J
= 50.6 MPa (max) Ans.
10–81.
*5–124. The steel used for the shaft has an allowable shear 30 mm 30 mm
stress of tallow = 8 MPa. If the members are connected 15 mm
together with a fillet weld of radius r = 2.25 mm, determine
the maximum torque T that can be applied.
T
T T
2 2
Allowable Shear Stress:
D 30 r 2.25
= = 2 and = = 0.15
d 15 d 15
From the text, K = 1.30
Tc
tmax = tallow = K
J
A 2r B (0.0075)
8(106) = 1.3 C p 4
S
2 (0.0075 )
T = 8.16 N # m Ans.
303
653
SM_CH10.indd 653 4/11/11 9:58:14 AM

©© 2011
2010 Pearson
Pearson Education,
Education, Inc.,
Inc., Upper
Upper Saddle
Saddle River,
River, NJ.NJ.All
Allrights
rightsreserved.
reserved.This
Thismaterial
protectedunder
copyrightlaws
lawsasasthey
theycurrently
currently
exist.
exist. Noportion
No portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
maybebereproduced,
reproduced,ininany
anyform
formororbybyany
anymeans,
writingfrom
fromthe
thepublisher.
publisher.
•5–125.
•10–82. exist.The assembly
assembly
No portion is subjected
of thisismaterial to a be
subjected
may torque
to a oftorque
710 in
reproduced,
# in.
lbany ofform or by any means, without permission in writing from the
20 mm
0.75 in.
publisher.
If the
90 N ·allowable
m. If theshear stress for
allowable the stress
shear materialforisthe = 12 ksi,
material
tallow is A
A 90
710Nlb
m�in.
tdetermine
allow = 84 the
MPa,radius of the smallest
determine size fillet
the radius of thethat can be used
smallest size
to transmit
fillet
5–142.thatA canthe
betorque.
used
torque to transmit
is applied theshaft
to the torque.of radius r. If the
material has a shear stress–strain relation of t = kg1>6,
Tc
where k is a constant, determine the maximum shear stress B
B
tmax = tallow = K
in the shaft. J
40
1.5mm
in.
3 r
r r 3 K(90)(10 )(10)
K(710)(0.375)
g = gmax = gmax 12(10 ) =
84 5 p p 4 4
2 (10 ) ) T
c r 2 (0.375
C
C
1
1 gmax 6 1 K 5K = 1.466
1.40
t = kg = k a
6 b r6
r 90
710Nlb
m�ft
D 1.5
40
= = 2= 2
d 0.75 r
20
L0
T = 2p tr2 dr
From Fig. 5-36,
5-32, 1
r 1 1
12p kg6max r3
L0
gmax 6 13 gmax 6 6 19
= 2p ka b r dr = 2pka
6 b a br = 6
r r = 0.1; r = 219
rr ==0.1(20)
0.1(0.75) =mm
0.075 in. 19 Ans.
d
6
19T
gmax = a b
Check: 12p kr 3
1 - d
D19T 1.5– -200.75
40
tmax = kg6max = = = 10=> 0.375
2 mm 7 0.075 in. OK
Ans.
2
12p r3 22
5–126.
5–143. A
10–83. solid shaft
Consider is subjected
a thin-walled tubetoofthe
mean torque T, which
radius r and t
causes
thicknessthet.material
Show that to the
yield. If the material
maximum is elastic
shear stress plastic,
in the tube
show
due tothatan the torque
applied can be
torque T expressed
approaches in the
terms of the angle
average shear
of twist
stress f of the shaft
computed from as Eq.T5–18 r>t -:fq
= 43 TasY11 3 3
Y.>4f 2, where TY
and fY are the torque and angle of twist when the material r
begins to yield.
t 2r + t t 2r - t
ro = r + = ; ri = r - =
2 2 2 2
gL gY
f = p =2r +Lt 4 2r - t 4
J = rc a rY b - a b d
2 2 2
gYL
rY = p (1)
= f[(2r + t)4 - (2r - t)4] = p [64 r3 t + 16 r t3]
32 32
When rY = c, f = fY
Tc 2r + t
From
tmax =Eq. (1), ; c = ro =
J 2
gYL
c = T(2 r 2+ t) T(2 r 2+ t) (2)
=fYp 3 3
=
32 [64 r t + 16 r t ] 2p r t[r2 + 14t2]
Dividing Eq.2r(1) byt Eq. (2) yields:
T(2r2 + 2 r2)
rY =fY
= 2p r t c r22 + 1 t22 d (3)
c f r 4r
: 5-26 then the:text.

r t
Use
As Eq. q ,from 0
t r
p tY 1 3 2p tYc3 r3Y
T = (4 rc +-0)r3Y) = T
T( a1 - )b
tmax = 6 = 3 4 c3
2p r t(1 + 0) 2p r2 t
p 3
Use Eq. 5-24, T TY = 2 tYc from the text and Eq. (3)
= QED
2 t Am
4 f3Y
T = TY a 1 - b QED
3 4 f3
304
654
SM_CH10.indd 654 321 4/11/11 9:58:16 AM

©©2011
2010Pearson
PearsonEducation,
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UpperSaddle
SaddleRiver,
River,NJ.
NJ.All
Allrights reserved.
This is is
copyright
copyrightlaws
lawsasas
they currently
they currently
exist.
exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
maybebereproduced,
reproduced,ininany
anyform
formororbybyany
anymeans,
means,without
withoutpermission
writingfrom
fromthe
thepublisher.
publisher.
*5–144. The 304 stainless steel shaft is 3 m long and has an

*10–84. E G
outer diameter of 60 mm. When it is rotating at 60 rad>s, it
transmits 30 kW of power from the engine E to the
generator G. Determine the smallest thickness of the shaft
if the allowable shear stress is tallow = 150 MPa and the
shaft is restricted not to twist more than 0.08 rad.
Internal Torque:
1 N # m>s
P = 30(103) W a b = 30(103) N # m>s
W
30(103)
= 500 N # m
P
T = =
v 60
Allowable Shear Stress: Assume failure due to shear stress.
Tc
tmax = tallow =
J
500(0.03)
150(106) = 4
p
2 (0.03 - r4i )
ri = 0.0293923 m = 29.3923 mm
TL
f =
JG
500(3)
0.08 =
p
2 A 0.03 - r4i B (75.0)(109)
4
ri = 0.0284033 m = 28.4033 mm
Choose the smallest value of ri = 28.4033 mm
t = ro - ri = 30 - 28.4033 = 1.60 mm Ans.
322
655
SM_CH10.indd 655 4/11/11 9:58:17 AM

©© 2011
2010 Pearson
Pearson Education,
Education, Inc.,
Inc., Upper
Upper Saddle
Saddle River,
River, NJ.NJ.
AllAll rights
rights reserved.
reserved. This
This material
protected under
copyright laws
laws asas they
they currently
currently
exist.
exist. NoNo portion
portion of of this
this material
material maymay
bebe reproduced,
reproduced, in in
anyany form
form oror
byby
anyany means,
means, without
without permission
writing from
publisher.
•5–145. The A-36 steel circular tube is subjected to a

•10–85.
torque of 10 kN # m. Determine the shear stress at the mean
radius r = 60 mm and compute the angle of twist of the
tube if it is 4 m long and fixed at its far end. Solve the
problem using Eqs. 5–7 and 5–15 and by using Eqs. 5–18
r � 60 mm
and 5–20.
4m
t � 5 mm
10 kN�m
Shear Stress:
Applying Eq. 5-7,
0.005 0.005
ro = 0.06 + = 0.0625 m ri = 0.06 - = 0.0575 m
2 2
Tr 10(103)(0.06)
tr = 0.06 m = = 4
= 88.27 MPa Ans.
J p
2 (0.0625 - 0.05754)
Applying Eq. 5-18,
T 10(103)
tavg = = = 88.42 MPa Ans.
2 t Am 29(0.005)(p)(0.062)
Angle of Twist:
Applying Eq. 5-15,
TL
f =
JG
10(103)(4)
= 4
p
2 (0.0625 - 0.05754)(75.0)(109)
= 0.0785 rad = 4.495° Ans.
Applying Eq. 5-20,
4A2mG L t
TL ds
f =
4A2mG t L L
TL
= ds Where ds = 2pr
2pTLr
=
4A2mG t
2p(10)(103)(4)(0.06)
=
4[(p)(0.062)]2 (75.0)(109)(0.005)
= 0.0786 rad = 4.503° Ans.
323
656
SM_CH10.indd 656 4/11/11 9:58:19 AM

©©2011
2010Pearson
PearsonEducation,
Education,Inc.,
Inc.,Upper
UpperSaddle
SaddleRiver,
River,NJ.
NJ.All
Allrights reserved.
This is is
copyright
copyrightlaws
lawsasas
they currently
they currently
exist.
exist.No
Noportion
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thismaterial
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publisher.
5–146. Rod AB is made of A-36 steel with an allowable

10–86.
shear stress of 1tallow2st = 75 MPa, and tube BC is made of 0.3 m
AM1004-T61 magnesium alloy with an allowable shear
stress of 1tallow2mg = 45 MPa. The angle of twist of end C is
not allowed to exceed 0.05 rad. Determine the maximum 0.4 m
allowable torque T that can be applied to the assembly. a
A
C
60 mm T
Internal Loading: The internal torque developed in rod AB and tube BC are shown 50 mm
in Figs. a and b, respectively. a B
Allowable Shear Stress: The polar moment of inertia of rod AB and tube
30 mm
p p
BC are JAB = a 0.0154 b = 25.3125(10 - 9)p m4 and JBC = a 0.034 - 0.0254 b Section a–a
2 2
= 0.2096875(10 - 6)p m4. We have
TAB cAB T(0.015)

A tallow B st = ; 75(106) =
JAB 25.3125(10 - 9)p
T = 397.61 N # m
and
TBC cBC T(0.03)

A tallow B mg = ; 45(106) =
JBC 0.2096875(10 - 6)p
T = 988.13 N # m
Angle of Twist:
TAB LAB - T(0.7)

fB>A = = = - 0.11737(10 - 3)T = 0.11737(10 - 3)T
JAB Gst 25.3125(10 - 9)p(75)(109)
and
TBC LBC T(0.4)

fC>B = = = 0.03373(10 - 3)T
JBC Gmg 0.2096875(10 - 6)p(18)(109)
It is required that fC>A = 0.05 rad. Thus,
fC>A = fB>A + fC>B
0.05 = 0.11737(10 - 3)T + 0.03373(10 - 3)T
T = 331 N # m A controls B Ans.
324
657
SM_CH10.indd 657 4/11/11 9:58:20 AM

*5–68.
10–87. The 30-mm-diameter shafts are made of L2 tool
steel and are supported on journal bearings that allow the A
45 N�m
shaft to rotate freely. If the motor at A develops a torque of
T = 45 N # m on the shaft AB, while the turbine at E is fixed
from turning, determine the amount of rotation of gears B B
and C.
1.5 m D 50 mm
C
E
0.5 m 75 mm
Angle of Twist: 0.75 m
TCE LCE
fC =
JG
67.5(0.75)
= p
2 (0.0154)75.0(103)
= 0.008488 rad = 0.486° Ans.
75
fB = fC = 0.729° Ans.
50
259
658
SM_CH10.indd 658 4/11/11 9:58:22 AM

©©2011
2010Pearson
PearsonEducation,
Education,Inc.,
Inc.,Upper
UpperSaddle
SaddleRiver,
River,NJ.
NJ.All
Allrights reserved.
This is is
copyright
copyrightlaws
lawsasas
they currently
they currently
exist.
exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
maybebereproduced,
reproduced,ininany
anyform
formororbybyany
anymeans,
means,without
withoutpermission
writingfrom
fromthe
thepublisher.
publisher.
*5–148. The motor A develops a torque at gear B of

*10–88. 750
500 N
lb·m
ft
lb ·# ft,
B
750
500 N m, which is
is applied
applied along
alongthe
theaxis
axisofofthethe
50-mm-
2-in.-
diameter A-36 steel shaft CD. This torque is to be E F
transmitted to the pinion gears at E and F. If these gears are
temporarily fixed, determine the maximum shear stress in 0.6
2 ftm 0.45
1.5 ftm
segments CB and BD of the shaft. Also, what is the angle of C D
twist of each of these segments? The bearings at C and D
only exert force reactions on the shaft.
A
Equilibrium:
TC + TD - 750
500 = 0 [1]
Compatibility:
fB>C = fB>D
(2)
TCC(0.6)
T TTDD(1.5)
(0.45)
=5
JG
JG JGJG 750 N · m
TC = 0.75TD [2]
TDD ==428.57
T # ft TTCC==321.43
285.71Nlb· m Nlb
214.29 ·m# ft
3
214.29(12)(1)
TCc 321.43(10 )(25)
(tCB)max = = pp 4 4 =51.64
13.1ksi
MPa Ans.
J 22 (25
(1 ) )
3
285.71(12)(1)
TDc 428.57(10 )(25)
(tBD)max = = p
p 44 =52.18
17.5ksi
MPa Ans.
J 22 (25
(1 ))
Angle of Twist:
TD LBD
fCB = fBD =
JG
3
)(0.45)(103)
285.71(12)(1.5)(12)
428.57(10
= 4 )(75)(1063)
p p (254
2 2(1 )(11.0)(10 )
= 0.003572
5 0.004191 rad == 0.240°
0.205° Ans.
326
659
SM_CH10.indd 659 4/11/11 9:58:23 AM

©© 2011
2010 Pearson
Pearson Education,
Education, Inc.,
Inc., Upper
Upper Saddle
Saddle River,
River, NJ.NJ.
AllAll rights
rights reserved.
reserved. This
This material
protected under
copyright laws
laws asas they
they currently
currently
exist.
exist. NoNo portion
portion of of this
this material
material maymay
bebe reproduced,
reproduced, in in
anyany form
form oror
byby
anyany means,
means, without
without permission
writing from
publisher.
5–149. The coupling consists of two disks fixed to separate

10–89. P 25 mm
T
shafts, each 25 mm in diameter. The shafts are supported on
journal bearings that allow free rotation. In order to limit
the torque T that can be transmitted, a “shear pin” P is used
to connect the disks together. If this pin can sustain an 130 mm
average shear force of 550 N before it fails, determine the
maximum constant torque T that can be transmitted from 25 mm
one shaft to the other. Also, what is the maximum shear
stress in each shaft when the “shear pin” is about to fail?
T
Equilibrium:
©Mx = 0; T - 550(0.13) = 0
T = 71.5 N # m Ans.
Tc 71.5(0.0125)
tmax = = p 4
= 23.3 MPa Ans.
2 (0.0125 )
J
5–150. The rotating flywheel and shaft is brought to a

10–90.
sudden stop at D when the bearing freezes. This causes the
flywheel to oscillate clockwise–counterclockwise, so that a D
point A on the outer edge of the flywheel is displaced C
2m
through a 10-mm arc in either direction. Determine the
maximum shear stress developed in the tubular 304 stainless
steel shaft due to this oscillation. The shaft has an inner B
diameter of 25 mm and an outer diameter of 35 mm. The A
journal bearings at B and C allow the shaft to rotate freely.
80 mm
Angle of Twist:
TL 10
f = Where f = = 0.125 rad
JG 80
T(2)
0.125 = 4
p
2 (0.0175 - 0.01254)(75.0)(109)
T = 510.82 N # m
Tc 510.82(0.0175)
tmax = = 4
= 82.0 MPa Ans.
J p
2 (0.0175 - 0.01254)
327
660
SM_CH10.indd 660 4/11/11 9:58:24 AM

©©2011
2010Pearson
PearsonEducation,
Education,Inc.,
Inc.,Upper
UpperSaddle
SaddleRiver,
River,NJ.
NJ.All
Allrights reserved.
This is is
copyright
copyrightlaws
lawsasas
they currently
they currently
exist.
exist.No
Noportion
portionofofthis
thismaterial
materialmay
maybebereproduced,
reproduced,ininany
anyform
formororbybyany
anymeans,
means,without
withoutpermission
writingfrom
fromthe
thepublisher.
publisher.
5–151. If the solid shaft AB to which the valve handle is

10–91.
attached is made of C83400 red brass and has a diameter of
10 mm, determine the maximum couple forces F that can be
applied to the handle just before the material starts to fail.
B
Take tallow = 40 MPa. What is the angle of twist of the
handle? The shaft is fixed at A.
A
150 mm
150 mm
F
150 mm
Tc F
tmax = tallow =
J
0.3F(0.005)
40(106) = p 4
2 (0.005)
F = 26.18 N = 26.2 N Ans.
T = 0.3F = 7.85 N # m
TL 7.85(0.15)
f = = p 4 9
2 (0.005) (37)(10 )
JG
= 0.03243 rad = 1.86° Ans.
328
661
SM_CH10.indd 661 4/11/11 9:58:25 AM

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5–1. A shaft is made of a steel alloy having an allowable

Allowable Shear Stress: Applying the torsion formula

Allowable Shear Stress: Applying the torsion formula

SM_CH10.indd 592 4/11/11 9:56:33 AM

5–2. The solid shaft of radius r is subjected to a torque T.

SM_CH10.indd 593 4/11/11 9:56:34 AM

From point A, rA = 0.05 m.

SM_CH10.indd 594 4/11/11 9:56:34 AM

*5–4. The tube is subjected to a torque of 750 N # m.

dT¿ = rt dA = rt(2pr dr) = 2ptr2 dr

Tmax c 90(0.02) 30 N�m

= 26.7 MPa Ans..

SM_CH10.indd 595 4/11/11 9:56:35 AM

SM_CH10.indd 596 4/11/11 9:56:37 AM

05 Solutions 46060 5/28/10 1:01 PM Page 231

torsion Formula. 400 N�m

Shear stress is maximum when r is the smallest, i.e. r = ri. Hence,

SM_CH10.indd 597 4/11/11 9:56:38 AM

05 Solutions 46060 5/28/10 1:01 PM Page 220

Maximum shear stress for the shaft:

•5–29. When drilling a well at constant angular velocity, TB

SM_CH10.indd 598 4/11/11 9:56:42 AM

*5–12. The motor delivers a torque of 50 N # m to the shaft

Internal Torque: As shown on FBD.

Maximum Shear Stress: Applying torsion Formula.

•5–13. If the applied torque on shaft CD is T¿ = 75 N # m,

Internal Torque: As shown on FBD.

Maximum Shear Stress: Applying the torsion formula

SM_CH10.indd 599 4/11/11 9:56:44 AM

SM_CH10.indd 600 4/11/11 9:56:45 AM

5–15. The solid shaft is made of material that has an

d = 0.03291 m = 32.91 mm = 33 mm Ans.

SM_CH10.indd 601 4/11/11 9:56:46 AM

SM_CH10.indd 602 4/11/11 9:56:47 AM

162lbN# ft b = 1440 lb # in.

Tmax = 52.8 MPa

SM_CH10.indd 603 4/11/11 9:56:47 AM

10–19. Two wrenches are used to tighten the pipe. If P =

Internal Loadings: The internal torque developed in segments AB and BC of the A

©Mx = 0; TBC - 300(0.25) - 300(0.25) = 0 TBC = 150 N # m

Allowable Shear Stress: The polar moment of inertia of the pipe is

SM_CH10.indd 604 4/11/11 9:56:51 AM

©Mx = 0; TBC - P(0.25) - P(0.25) = 0 TBC = 0.5P

Allowable Shear Stress: The polar moment of inertia of the pipe is

P = 307.93N = 308 N Ans.

SM_CH10.indd 605 4/11/11 9:56:54 AM

•5–21. The 60-mm-diameter solid shaft is subjected to the

TAB - 2000x + 1200 = 0 TAB = (2000x - 1200) N # m

0 = 2000x - 1200 x = 0.6 m Ans.

d = 1.5 m - 0.6 m = 0.9 m Ans.

(TAB)max = 2000(1.5) - 1200 = 1800 N # m

SM_CH10.indd 606 4/11/11 9:56:58 AM

5–22. The solid shaft is subjected to the distributed and

TAB - 2000x + 1200 = 0 TAB = (2000x - 1200) N # m

A TAB B max = 2000(1.5) - 1200 = 1800 N # m

d = 0.05681 m = 56.81 mm = 57 mm Ans.

SM_CH10.indd 607 4/11/11 9:57:01 AM

•5–29. When drilling a well at constant angular velocity,

Internal Torque: As shown on FBD.

Maximum Shear Stress: Applying the torsion formula

c = 26.526(10 ) xt abs = Tmax c

According to Saint-Venant’s principle, application of the torsion formula should be